diff --git a/packages/vow/src/types.js b/packages/vow/src/types.js
index 2a381f174d7..e70011277ce 100644
--- a/packages/vow/src/types.js
+++ b/packages/vow/src/types.js
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ export {};
  * @template [T=any]
  * @template [TResult1=T]
  * @template [TResult2=never]
- * @template [C=any] watcher context
+ * @template {any[]} [C=any[]] watcher args
  * @typedef {object} Watcher
- * @property {(value: T, context?: C) => Vow<TResult1> | PromiseVow<TResult1> | TResult1} [onFulfilled]
- * @property {(reason: any) => Vow<TResult2> | PromiseVow<TResult2> | TResult2} [onRejected]
+ * @property {(value: T, ...args: C) => Vow<TResult1> | PromiseVow<TResult1> | TResult1} [onFulfilled]
+ * @property {(reason: any, ...args: C) => Vow<TResult2> | PromiseVow<TResult2> | TResult2} [onRejected]
  */
diff --git a/packages/vow/src/watch-utils.js b/packages/vow/src/watch-utils.js
index 7d9334b143f..a198906555d 100644
--- a/packages/vow/src/watch-utils.js
+++ b/packages/vow/src/watch-utils.js
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ export const prepareWatchUtils = (zone, watch, makeVowKit) => {
           }
           resolver.resolve(harden(results));
         },
-        onRejected(value, { id }) {
+        onRejected(value, { id, index: _index }) {
           const { idToVowState } = this.state;
           if (!idToVowState.has(id)) {
             // First rejection wins.
diff --git a/packages/vow/src/watch.js b/packages/vow/src/watch.js
index 1f6597cd3dd..c1f87f82095 100644
--- a/packages/vow/src/watch.js
+++ b/packages/vow/src/watch.js
@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ const makeWatchNextStep =
  * @param {Watcher<unknown, unknown, unknown> | undefined} watcher
  * @param {keyof Required<Watcher>} wcb
  * @param {unknown} value
- * @param {unknown} [watcherContext]
+ * @param {unknown[]} [watcherArgs]
  */
-const settle = (resolver, watcher, wcb, value, watcherContext) => {
+const settle = (resolver, watcher, wcb, value, watcherArgs = []) => {
   try {
     let chainedValue = value;
     const w = watcher && watcher[wcb];
     if (w) {
-      chainedValue = apply(w, watcher, [value, watcherContext]);
+      chainedValue = apply(w, watcher, [value, ...watcherArgs]);
     } else if (wcb === 'onRejected') {
       throw value;
     }
@@ -75,22 +75,22 @@ const preparePromiseWatcher = (zone, isRetryableReason, watchNextStep) =>
      * @template [TResult2=never]
      * @param {VowResolver<TResult1 | TResult2>} resolver
      * @param {Watcher<T, TResult1, TResult2>} [watcher]
-     * @param {unknown} [watcherContext]
+     * @param {unknown[]} [watcherArgs]
      */
-    (resolver, watcher, watcherContext) => {
+    (resolver, watcher, watcherArgs) => {
       const state = {
         vow: /** @type {unknown} */ (undefined),
         priorRetryValue: /** @type {any} */ (undefined),
         resolver,
         watcher,
-        watcherContext: harden(watcherContext),
+        watcherArgs: harden(watcherArgs),
       };
       return /** @type {Partial<typeof state>} */ (state);
     },
     {
       /** @type {Required<PromiseWatcher>['onFulfilled']} */
       onFulfilled(value) {
-        const { watcher, watcherContext, resolver } = this.state;
+        const { watcher, watcherArgs, resolver } = this.state;
         if (getVowPayload(value)) {
           // We've been shortened, so reflect our state accordingly, and go again.
           this.state.vow = value;
@@ -100,11 +100,11 @@ const preparePromiseWatcher = (zone, isRetryableReason, watchNextStep) =>
         this.state.priorRetryValue = undefined;
         this.state.watcher = undefined;
         this.state.resolver = undefined;
-        settle(resolver, watcher, 'onFulfilled', value, watcherContext);
+        settle(resolver, watcher, 'onFulfilled', value, watcherArgs);
       },
       /** @type {Required<PromiseWatcher>['onRejected']} */
       onRejected(reason) {
-        const { vow, watcher, watcherContext, resolver, priorRetryValue } =
+        const { vow, watcher, watcherArgs, resolver, priorRetryValue } =
           this.state;
         if (vow) {
           const retryValue = isRetryableReason(reason, priorRetryValue);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ const preparePromiseWatcher = (zone, isRetryableReason, watchNextStep) =>
         this.state.priorRetryValue = undefined;
         this.state.resolver = undefined;
         this.state.watcher = undefined;
-        settle(resolver, watcher, 'onRejected', reason, watcherContext);
+        settle(resolver, watcher, 'onRejected', reason, watcherArgs);
       },
     },
   );
@@ -144,12 +144,12 @@ export const prepareWatch = (
    * @template [T=any]
    * @template [TResult1=T]
    * @template [TResult2=never]
-   * @template [C=any] watcher context
+   * @template {any[]} [C=any[]] watcher args
    * @param {ERef<T | Vow<T>>} specimenP
-   * @param {Watcher<T, TResult1, TResult2>} [watcher]
-   * @param {C} [watcherContext]
+   * @param {Watcher<T, TResult1, TResult2, C>} [watcher]
+   * @param {C} watcherArgs
    */
-  const watch = (specimenP, watcher, watcherContext) => {
+  const watch = (specimenP, watcher, ...watcherArgs) => {
     /** @typedef {Exclude<TResult1, void> | Exclude<TResult2, void>} Voidless */
     /** @typedef {Voidless extends never ? TResult1 : Voidless} Narrowest */
     /** @type {VowKit<Narrowest>} */
@@ -157,11 +157,7 @@ export const prepareWatch = (
 
     // Create a promise watcher to track vows, retrying upon rejection as
     // controlled by `isRetryableReason`.
-    const promiseWatcher = makePromiseWatcher(
-      resolver,
-      watcher,
-      watcherContext,
-    );
+    const promiseWatcher = makePromiseWatcher(resolver, watcher, watcherArgs);
 
     // Coerce the specimen to a promise, and start the watcher cycle.
     zone.watchPromise(basicE.resolve(specimenP), promiseWatcher);
diff --git a/packages/vow/test/watch.test.js b/packages/vow/test/watch.test.js
index 3bc7812f31c..9d9239733ba 100644
--- a/packages/vow/test/watch.test.js
+++ b/packages/vow/test/watch.test.js
@@ -31,6 +31,28 @@ const prepareAckWatcher = (zone, t) => {
   });
 };
 
+/**
+ * @param {Zone} zone
+ * @param {ExecutionContext<unknown>} t
+ */
+const prepareArityCheckWatcher = (zone, t) => {
+  return zone.exoClass(
+    'ArityCheckWatcher',
+    undefined,
+    expectedArgs => ({ expectedArgs }),
+    {
+      onFulfilled(value, ...args) {
+        t.deepEqual(args, this.state.expectedArgs);
+        return 'fulfilled';
+      },
+      onRejected(reason, ...args) {
+        t.deepEqual(args, this.state.expectedArgs);
+        return 'rejected';
+      },
+    },
+  );
+};
+
 /**
  * @param {Zone} zone
  * @param {ExecutionContext<unknown>} t
@@ -79,14 +101,76 @@ test('ack watcher - shim', async t => {
   resolver3.reject(Error('disco2'));
   resolver3.resolve(vow2);
   t.is(
-    await when(
-      // @ts-expect-error intentional extra argument
-      watch(connVow3P, makeAckWatcher(packet), 'watcher context', 'unexpected'),
-    ),
+    await when(watch(connVow3P, makeAckWatcher(packet), 'watcher context')),
     'rejected',
   );
 });
 
+/**
+ * @param {Zone} zone
+ * @param {ExecutionContext<unknown>} t
+ */
+test('watcher args arity - shim', async t => {
+  const zone = makeHeapZone();
+  const { watch, when, makeVowKit } = prepareVowTools(zone);
+  const makeArityCheckWatcher = prepareArityCheckWatcher(zone, t);
+
+  const testCases = /** @type {const} */ ({
+    noArgs: [],
+    'single arg': ['testArg'],
+    'multiple args': ['testArg1', 'testArg2'],
+  });
+
+  for (const [name, args] of Object.entries(testCases)) {
+    const fulfillTesterP = Promise.resolve('test');
+    t.is(
+      await when(watch(fulfillTesterP, makeArityCheckWatcher(args), ...args)),
+      'fulfilled',
+      `fulfilled promise ${name}`,
+    );
+
+    const rejectTesterP = Promise.reject(Error('reason'));
+    t.is(
+      await when(watch(rejectTesterP, makeArityCheckWatcher(args), ...args)),
+      'rejected',
+      `rejected promise ${name}`,
+    );
+
+    const { vow: vow1, resolver: resolver1 } = makeVowKit();
+    const vow1P = Promise.resolve(vow1);
+    resolver1.resolve('test');
+    t.is(
+      await when(watch(vow1, makeArityCheckWatcher(args), ...args)),
+      'fulfilled',
+      `fulfilled vow ${name}`,
+    );
+    t.is(
+      await when(watch(vow1P, makeArityCheckWatcher(args), ...args)),
+      'fulfilled',
+      `promise to fulfilled vow ${name}`,
+    );
+
+    const { vow: vow2, resolver: resolver2 } = makeVowKit();
+    const vow2P = Promise.resolve(vow2);
+    resolver2.resolve(vow1);
+    t.is(
+      await when(watch(vow2P, makeArityCheckWatcher(args), ...args)),
+      'fulfilled',
+      `promise to vow to fulfilled vow ${name}`,
+    );
+
+    const { vow: vow3, resolver: resolver3 } = makeVowKit();
+    const vow3P = Promise.resolve(vow3);
+    resolver3.reject(Error('disco2'));
+    resolver3.resolve(vow2);
+    t.is(
+      await when(watch(vow3P, makeArityCheckWatcher(args), ...args)),
+      'rejected',
+      `promise to rejected vow before also resolving to vow ${name}`,
+    );
+  }
+});
+
 test('disconnection of non-vow informs watcher', async t => {
   const zone = makeHeapZone();
   const { watch, when } = prepareVowTools(zone, {