diff --git a/lib/api/address/routes.js b/lib/api/address/routes.js
index f63b93e3..cf1ae38d 100644
--- a/lib/api/address/routes.js
+++ b/lib/api/address/routes.js
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import express from 'express'
 import queue from '../../util/queue.cjs'
 import auth from '../../middleware/auth.js'
 import analyticsMiddleware from '../../middleware/analytics.js'
-import {handleAPIResponse} from '../helper.js'
 import {getAddress, deleteAddress} from './models.js'
 import {getDeltaReport, formatAddress} from './utils.js'
 
@@ -19,138 +18,207 @@ const app = new express.Router()
 
 app.route('/')
   .post(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const addresses = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(addresses)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'address', jobType: 'insert', data: addresses, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .put(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const addresses = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(addresses)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'address', jobType: 'update', data: addresses, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .patch(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const addresses = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(addresses)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'address', jobType: 'patch', data: addresses, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
 
 app.route('/:addressID')
   .get(analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const {addressID} = req.params
-      if (!addressID) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const address = await getAddress(addressID)
+
       if (!address) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Request ID unknown', {})
+        res.status(404).send('Request ID unknown')
         return
       }
 
       const addressFormatted = formatAddress(address)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Address successfully retrieved', addressFormatted)
+
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        response: addressFormatted,
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .delete(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const {addressID} = req.params
       const address = await getAddress(addressID)
 
       if (!address) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Request ID unknown', {})
+        res.status(404).send('Request ID unknown')
         return
       }
 
       await deleteAddress(addressID)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Address successfully deleted', {})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        response: {},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
 
 app.post('/delete', auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+  let response
   try {
     const addressIDs = req.body
-    if (!Array.isArray(addressIDs)) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-      return
-    }
-
     const statusID = nanoid()
 
     await apiQueue.add(
       {dataType: 'address', jobType: 'delete', data: addressIDs, statusID},
       {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
     )
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'success',
+      message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+      response: {statusID},
+    }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    const {message} = error
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'error',
+      message,
+      response: {},
+    }
   }
+
+  res.send(response)
 })
 
 app.post('/delta-report', auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+  let response
   try {
     const {data, districtID} = req.body
+
     if (!data || !districtID) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
+      res.status(404).send('Wrong request format')
       return
     }
 
     const deltaReport = await getDeltaReport(data, districtID)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Delta report successfully generated', deltaReport)
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'success',
+      response: deltaReport,
+    }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    const {message} = error
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'error',
+      message,
+      response: {},
+    }
   }
+
+  res.send(response)
 })
 
 export default app
diff --git a/lib/api/ban-id/routes.js b/lib/api/ban-id/routes.js
index 7aa2cf30..a09964ba 100644
--- a/lib/api/ban-id/routes.js
+++ b/lib/api/ban-id/routes.js
@@ -1,26 +1,42 @@
 import 'dotenv/config.js' // eslint-disable-line import/no-unassigned-import
 import express from 'express'
 import analyticsMiddleware from '../../middleware/analytics.js'
-
-import {handleAPIResponse} from '../helper.js'
 import {getUuids, uncollidUuids} from './helpers.js'
 
 const app = new express.Router()
 
 app.get('/', analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+  let response
   try {
     const length = Number(req.query.quantity) || 1
     if (length > 100_000) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Quantity must be less than 100 000', {})
+      res.status(400).send({
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message: 'Quantity must be less than 100 000',
+        response: {},
+      })
       return
     }
 
     const ids = await uncollidUuids(getUuids(length))
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Successfully generated UUIDs', ids)
+
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'success',
+      response: ids,
+    }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    const {message} = error
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'error',
+      message,
+      response: {},
+    }
   }
+
+  res.send(response)
 })
 
 export default app
diff --git a/lib/api/certificate/routes.js b/lib/api/certificate/routes.js
index f07b06e4..f430ec18 100644
--- a/lib/api/certificate/routes.js
+++ b/lib/api/certificate/routes.js
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import 'dotenv/config.js' // eslint-disable-line import/no-unassigned-import
 import express from 'express'
 import auth from '../../middleware/auth.js'
-import {handleAPIResponse} from '../helper.js'
 import {
   getCertificate,
   setCertificate,
@@ -16,45 +15,43 @@ app.get('/:id', async (req, res) => {
   const {id} = req.params
   try {
     const certificate = await getCertificate(id)
-    if (!certificate) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Certificate not found', {})
-      return
+    if (certificate) {
+      res.status(200).json(certificate)
+    } else {
+      res.status(404).json({message: 'Certificate not found'})
     }
-
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Certificate retrieved', certificate)
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    console.error(`Error retrieving certificate: ${error.message}`)
+    res.status(500).json({message: 'Internal server error'})
   }
 })
 
 app.post('/', auth, async (req, res) => {
   try {
     const {addressID} = req.body
+
     if (!addressID) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'addressID is required', {})
-      return
+      return res.status(400).json({message: 'addressID is required'})
     }
 
     const data = await getDataForCertificate(addressID)
+
     if (!data) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 403, 'Address is not certified, not active, or has no parcels.', {})
-      return
+      return res.status(400).json({message: 'Address is not certified, not active, or has no parcels.'})
     }
 
     const {districtConfig} = data
     if (!districtConfig.certificate) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 403, 'District has not activated the certificate config.', {})
-      return
+      return res.status(400).json({message: 'District has not activated the certificate config.'})
     }
 
     const certificate = await formatDataForCertificate(data)
     const newCertificate = await setCertificate(certificate)
 
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 201, 'Certificate created', newCertificate)
+    res.status(201).json(newCertificate)
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    console.error(`Error creating certificate: ${error.message}`)
+    res.status(500).json({message: 'Internal server error'})
   }
 })
 
diff --git a/lib/api/common-toponym/routes.js b/lib/api/common-toponym/routes.js
index dd5e1a12..be88ddac 100644
--- a/lib/api/common-toponym/routes.js
+++ b/lib/api/common-toponym/routes.js
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import express from 'express'
 import queue from '../../util/queue.cjs'
 import auth from '../../middleware/auth.js'
 import analyticsMiddleware from '../../middleware/analytics.js'
-import {handleAPIResponse} from '../helper.js'
 import {getCommonToponym, deleteCommonToponym} from './models.js'
 import {getDeltaReport, formatCommonToponym} from './utils.js'
 
@@ -19,142 +18,207 @@ const app = new express.Router()
 
 app.route('/')
   .post(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const commonToponyms = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(commonToponyms)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'commonToponym', jobType: 'insert', data: commonToponyms, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .put(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const commonToponyms = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(commonToponyms)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'commonToponym', jobType: 'update', data: commonToponyms, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .patch(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const commonToponyms = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(commonToponyms)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'commonToponym', jobType: 'patch', data: commonToponyms, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
 
 app.route('/:commonToponymID')
   .get(analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const {commonToponymID} = req.params
-      if (!commonToponymID) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const commonToponym = await getCommonToponym(commonToponymID)
+
       if (!commonToponym) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Request ID unknown', {})
+        res.status(404).send('Request ID unknown')
         return
       }
 
       const commonToponymFormatted = formatCommonToponym(commonToponym)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Common toponym successfully retrieved', commonToponymFormatted)
+
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        response: commonToponymFormatted,
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .delete(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const {commonToponymID} = req.params
-      if (!commonToponymID) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const commonToponym = await getCommonToponym(commonToponymID)
+
       if (!commonToponym) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Request ID unknown', {})
+        res.status(404).send('Request ID unknown')
         return
       }
 
       await deleteCommonToponym(commonToponymID)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Common toponym successfully deleted', {})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        response: {},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
 
 app.post('/delete', auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+  let response
   try {
     const commonToponymIDs = req.body
-    if (!Array.isArray(commonToponymIDs)) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-      return
-    }
-
     const statusID = nanoid()
+
     await apiQueue.add(
       {dataType: 'commonToponym', jobType: 'delete', data: commonToponymIDs, statusID},
       {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
     )
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'success',
+      message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+      response: {statusID},
+    }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    const {message} = error
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'error',
+      message,
+      response: {},
+    }
   }
+
+  res.send(response)
 })
 
 app.post('/delta-report', auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+  let response
   try {
     const {data, districtID} = req.body
 
     if (!data || !districtID) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
+      res.status(404).send('Wrong request format')
       return
     }
 
     const deltaReport = await getDeltaReport(data, districtID)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Delta report generated', deltaReport)
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'success',
+      response: deltaReport,
+    }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    const {message} = error
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'error',
+      message,
+      response: {},
+    }
   }
+
+  res.send(response)
 })
 
 export default app
diff --git a/lib/api/district/routes.js b/lib/api/district/routes.js
index d6540ebf..35353196 100644
--- a/lib/api/district/routes.js
+++ b/lib/api/district/routes.js
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import express from 'express'
 import queue from '../../util/queue.cjs'
 import auth from '../../middleware/auth.js'
 import analyticsMiddleware from '../../middleware/analytics.js'
-import {handleAPIResponse} from '../helper.js'
 import {getDistrict, getDistrictsFromCog, deleteDistrict} from './models.js'
 import {formatDistrict} from './utils.js'
 
@@ -19,147 +18,209 @@ const app = new express.Router()
 
 app.route('/')
   .post(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const districts = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(districts)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'district', jobType: 'insert', data: districts, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .put(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const districts = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(districts)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'district', jobType: 'update', data: districts, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .patch(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const districts = req.body
-      if (!Array.isArray(districts)) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const statusID = nanoid()
+
       await apiQueue.add(
         {dataType: 'district', jobType: 'patch', data: districts, statusID},
         {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
       )
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+        response: {statusID},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
 
 app.route('/:districtID')
   .get(analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const {districtID} = req.params
-      if (!districtID) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const district = await getDistrict(districtID)
+
       if (!district) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Request ID unknown', {})
+        res.status(404).send('Request ID unknown')
         return
       }
 
       const districtFormatted = formatDistrict(district)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'District successfilly retrieved', districtFormatted)
+
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        response: districtFormatted,
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
   .delete(auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const {districtID} = req.params
-      if (!districtID) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-        return
-      }
-
       const district = await getDistrict(districtID)
+
       if (!district) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Request ID unknown', {})
+        res.status(404).send('Request ID unknown')
         return
       }
 
       await deleteDistrict(districtID)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'District successfully deleted', {})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        response: {},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
 
 app.post('/delete', auth, analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+  let response
   try {
     const districtIDs = req.body
-    if (!Array.isArray(districtIDs)) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-      return
-    }
-
     const statusID = nanoid()
+
     await apiQueue.add(
       {dataType: 'district', jobType: 'delete', data: districtIDs, statusID},
       {jobId: statusID, removeOnComplete: true}
     )
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`, {statusID})
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'success',
+      message: `Check the status of your request : ${BAN_API_URL}/job-status/${statusID}`,
+      response: {statusID},
+    }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    const {message} = error
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'error',
+      message,
+      response: {},
+    }
   }
+
+  res.send(response)
 })
 
 app.get('/cog/:cog', analyticsMiddleware, async (req, res) => {
+  let response
   try {
     const {cog} = req.params
-    if (!cog) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Wrong request format', {})
-      return
-    }
-
     const districts = await getDistrictsFromCog(cog)
+
     if (!districts || districts.length === 0) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Request ID unknown', {})
+      res.status(404).send('Request ID unknown')
       return
     }
 
     const districtBodies = districts.map(district => formatDistrict(district))
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Districts successfully retrieved', districtBodies)
+
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'success',
+      response: districtBodies,
+    }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    const {message} = error
+    response = {
+      date: new Date(),
+      status: 'error',
+      message,
+      response: {},
+    }
   }
+
+  res.send(response)
 })
 
 export default app
diff --git a/lib/api/export-to-exploitation-db/routes.js b/lib/api/export-to-exploitation-db/routes.js
index 469d8c42..3cf96a62 100644
--- a/lib/api/export-to-exploitation-db/routes.js
+++ b/lib/api/export-to-exploitation-db/routes.js
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import 'dotenv/config.js' // eslint-disable-line import/no-unassigned-import
 import express from 'express'
 import queue from '../../util/queue.cjs'
 import auth from '../../middleware/auth.js'
-import {handleAPIResponse} from '../helper.js'
 import {getDistricts} from '../district/models.js'
 
 const exportToExploitationDBQueue = queue('export-to-exploitation-db')
@@ -11,27 +10,37 @@ const app = new express.Router()
 
 app.route('/districts')
   .post(auth, async (req, res) => {
+    let response
     try {
       const {districtIDs} = req.body
 
       if (!districtIDs || districtIDs.length === 0) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'districtIDs should not be empty', {})
-        return
+        res.status(400).send('districtIDs should not be empty')
       }
 
       const districts = await getDistricts(districtIDs)
       if (districts.length !== districtIDs.length) {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Some districts not found', {})
-        return
+        res.status(404).send('Some districts not found')
       }
 
       await Promise.all(districtIDs.map(async districtID => exportToExploitationDBQueue.add({districtID}, {removeOnComplete: true, removeOnFail: true})))
 
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Districts successfully exported to exploitation DB', {})
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'success',
+        response: {},
+      }
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error(error)
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+      const {message} = error
+      response = {
+        date: new Date(),
+        status: 'error',
+        message,
+        response: {},
+      }
     }
+
+    res.send(response)
   })
 
 export default app
diff --git a/lib/api/helper.js b/lib/api/helper.js
index 6544a600..3c56d1de 100644
--- a/lib/api/helper.js
+++ b/lib/api/helper.js
@@ -170,12 +170,3 @@ export const formatPayloadDates = payload => payload.map(item => ({
   ...((item.updateDate) ? {updateDate: new Date(item.updateDate)} : {})
 })
 )
-
-export const handleAPIResponse = (res, status, message, response) => {
-  res.status(status).json({
-    date: new Date(),
-    status: status >= 200 && status < 300 ? 'success' : 'error',
-    message,
-    response,
-  })
-}
diff --git a/lib/api/job-status/routes.js b/lib/api/job-status/routes.js
index 2219f4d4..52e79d63 100644
--- a/lib/api/job-status/routes.js
+++ b/lib/api/job-status/routes.js
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import express from 'express'
 import queue from '../../util/queue.cjs'
-import {handleAPIResponse} from '../helper.js'
 import {getJobStatus} from './models.js'
 
 const apiQueue = queue('api')
@@ -8,31 +7,36 @@ const apiQueue = queue('api')
 const app = new express.Router()
 
 app.get('/:statusID', async (req, res) => {
+  let response
   try {
     const {statusID} = req.params
-    if (!statusID) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'Request ID missing', {})
-    }
-
     const job = await apiQueue.getJob(statusID)
+
     if (job) {
       const status = job?.processedOn ? 'processing' : 'pending'
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Job status has not been yet processed', {status})
+      response = {status}
     } else {
       const jobStatus = await getJobStatus(statusID)
       if (jobStatus) {
         const {id, ...jobStatusBody} = jobStatus
         if (jobStatusBody) {
-          handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Job status has been processed', jobStatusBody)
+          response = jobStatusBody
         }
-      } else {
-        handleAPIResponse(res, 404, 'Request ID unknown', {})
       }
     }
+
+    if (!response) {
+      return res.status(404).send('Request ID unknown')
+    }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    const {message} = error
+    response = {
+      status: 'error',
+      message,
+    }
   }
+
+  res.send(response)
 })
 
 export default app
diff --git a/lib/api/postal-datanova/routes.js b/lib/api/postal-datanova/routes.js
index bc3bc942..83b73ba3 100644
--- a/lib/api/postal-datanova/routes.js
+++ b/lib/api/postal-datanova/routes.js
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import 'dotenv/config.js' // eslint-disable-line import/no-unassigned-import
 import express from 'express'
 import auth from '../../middleware/auth.js'
-import {handleAPIResponse} from '../helper.js'
 import {updateMultipleDatanova} from './models.js'
 
 const app = new express.Router()
@@ -12,8 +11,7 @@ app.put('/', auth, async (req, res) => {
     const items = req.body
 
     if (!Array.isArray(items) || items.length === 0) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 400, 'An array of items is required', {})
-      return
+      return res.status(400).json({message: 'An array of items is required'})
     }
 
     const results = await updateMultipleDatanova(items)
@@ -22,17 +20,17 @@ app.put('/', auth, async (req, res) => {
     const failedUpdates = results.filter(({updatedRowsCount, error}) => updatedRowsCount === 0 || error)
 
     if (failedUpdates.length > 0) {
-      handleAPIResponse(res, 207, 'Partial success', {
+      return res.status(207).json({
+        message: 'Partial success',
         totalUpdated,
         failedUpdates: failedUpdates.map(({inseeCom, error}) => ({inseeCom, error}))
       })
-      return
     }
 
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 200, 'Records updated successfully', {totalUpdated})
+    res.status(200).json({message: 'Records updated successfully', totalUpdated})
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(error)
-    handleAPIResponse(res, 500, 'Internal server error', {})
+    console.error('Error updating records:', error)
+    res.status(500).json({message: 'Failed to update records', error: error.message})
   }
 })