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index.rtf
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{\*\mmathPr\mmathFont5\mwrapIndent1440 }\viewkind4\uc1
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf1\highlight2\kerning2\f0\fs64 [Suryoyo. Simple.]\cf0\highlight0\b\par
\b0\fs22\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\highlight3\b\fs32 INDEX \par
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\fs26 > Nominative Pronouns & the Copula \par
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\b0 > I. Present & Past Copula \par
> II. Future Copula \par
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\b > Accusative & Possessive Pronouns \par
> Demonstrative Pronouns \par
> Definite & Indefinite Articles \par
> Special Prepositions \par
> Conjunctions, Prepositions & Relative Pronouns \par
> Existence is, Possession has, & Ability can \par
> Gender & Plurality \par
> Verbs \par
\b0 > I. Roots & Classes of Verbs \par
> II. Verbal Mood & Tense \par
> III. Conjugating Subject & Object \par
\b > Adverbs \par
> Colours \par
> Numerals \par
> Time \par
> Family \par
> Body Parts \par
> Animals \par
> References \highlight0\b0\fs22\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2145\clvertalc\cellx4310\clvertalc\cellx6475\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\b Legend:\b0\cell\kerning0\lang1033 (m) \lang3081 M\lang1033 asculine\cell (S) \lang3081 S\lang1033 ingle\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 (1|2|3)\lang3081 Person\kerning2\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2145\clvertalc\cellx4310\clvertalc\cellx6475\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cell\kerning0\lang1033 (f) \lang3081 Feminine\lang1033\cell (P) Plural\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 (cl) \lang3081 C\lang1033 lassical\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx767\clvertalc\cellx1554\clvertalc\cellx2341\clvertalc\cellx3128\clvertalc\cellx3915\clvertalc\cellx4702\clvertalc\cellx5489\clvertalc\cellx6276\clvertalc\cellx7063\clvertalc\cellx7850\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1808?\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1810?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1811?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1813?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1815?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1816?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1817?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1818?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1819?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1821?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1823?\u1823?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx767\clvertalc\cellx1554\clvertalc\cellx2341\clvertalc\cellx3128\clvertalc\cellx3915\clvertalc\cellx4702\clvertalc\cellx5489\clvertalc\cellx6276\clvertalc\cellx7063\clvertalc\cellx7850\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\lang1033 a\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 b/w\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 g/\f2\u289?\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 d\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 h\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 w/o\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 z\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f2\lang1033\u295?/\f0\u7733?\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033\u7789?\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 y/i\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 k\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx767\clvertalc\cellx1554\clvertalc\cellx2341\clvertalc\cellx3128\clvertalc\cellx3915\clvertalc\cellx4702\clvertalc\cellx5489\clvertalc\cellx6276\clvertalc\cellx7063\clvertalc\cellx7850\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cell\cell\cell\cell\cell\cell\cell\cell\cell\cell\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx767\clvertalc\cellx1554\clvertalc\cellx2341\clvertalc\cellx3128\clvertalc\cellx3915\clvertalc\cellx4702\clvertalc\cellx5489\clvertalc\cellx6276\clvertalc\cellx7063\clvertalc\cellx7850\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1824?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1825?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1826?\u1826?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1828?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1829?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1830?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1832?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1833?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1834?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1835?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f1\rtlch\lang1114\u1836?\kerning2\f0\ltrch\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx767\clvertalc\cellx1554\clvertalc\cellx2341\clvertalc\cellx3128\clvertalc\cellx3915\clvertalc\cellx4702\clvertalc\cellx5489\clvertalc\cellx6276\clvertalc\cellx7063\clvertalc\cellx7850\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\lang1033 l\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 m\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 n\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 s\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 f/p\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033\u7779?\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 q\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 r\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f2\lang1033\'9a\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 t/\u7791?\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\cellx2901\cellx5822\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf2\b Phonetics :\b0\cell\f2\lang1033\u289? \i gh \b\i0\u289?\f0\lang3081 alabe \b0 (many)\par
\f2\lang1033\u295?\f0\lang3081 \i hh \b\i0\f2\lang1033\u295?\f0\lang3081 amsho \b0 (five)\par
\lang1033\u7733? \i kh \b\i0 to\u7733? \b0 (come)\par
\u7789? \i tt \b\i0\u7789?uro \b0 (mountain)\kerning0\cell\f3\u661?\f0\lang3081 \i ' \b\i0\f3\lang1033\u661?\f0\lang3081 ayno \b0 (eye)\par
\lang1033\u7779? \i ss \b\i0\u7779?afro \b0 (morning)\par
\f2\'9a\f0\lang3081 \i sh \b\i0\f2\lang1033\'9a\f0\lang3081 lomo \b0 (peace)\cf0\kerning2\par
\cf2\kerning0\lang1033\u7791? \i th \b\i0 qri\u7791?o \b0 (village)\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Nominative Pronouns & the Copula \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
> In Surayt, the \ul copular verb\ulnone '\i to be\i0 ' in its various states (\i is am are\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 was were\i0 ) assigns a subject by truncating the \ul nominative pronouns\ulnone\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\ul Nominative Pronouns\ulnone \f3\emdash \f0 by person and plurality:\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0 3\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 hiye|hiya = he|she\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 3\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 h\b ne\b0 = they\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 2\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 h\b at\b0 = you\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 2\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 h\b atu\b0 = youse\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 1\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 eno/o\b no\b0 = I\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 1\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 a\f2\u295?\b\f0 na\b0 = we\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\par
\cf1\highlight4\b\fs26 I. Present & Past Copula \par
\cf0\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\ul Present copula\ulnone \f3\emdash \f0 formed by truncating the pronoun (except \i 3S -\b yo\b0\i0 ):\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0 3\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b yo \b0 = (he/she) is\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 3\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b ne \b0 = (they) are\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 2\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b at \b0 = (you) are\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 2\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b atu\b0 /\b utu \b0 = (youse) are\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh255\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 1\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b no \b0 = (I) am\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 1\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b na \b0 = (we) are\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i eg. NOUNS: (Hne)\cf0 ^\cf5 yolufe-\ul ne\ulnone = \ul They are\ulnone\sub (3P) \nosupersub students \par
eg. NOUNS: Kul mede madrashto-\ul yo\ulnone = Everything \ul is\ulnone\sub (3S)\nosupersub school (idiom)\par
\cf0\i0 > See \i Verbs III\i0 section for how to apply the subject (actor) to verbs\par
\cf5\i eg. VERBS: (Ko)\cf0 *\cf5 malakh\i0 |\i malkho-\ul no\ulnone = \ul I am\ulnone\sub (m1S\i0 |\i f1S)\nosupersub walking\par
\cf0\i0\par
\ul Past copula\ulnone \f3\emdash \f0 formed by adding the infix \i -\b way\b0 -\i0 (except 3S \i -\b wa\b0\i0 ):\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0 3\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b wa \b0 = (he/she) was\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 3\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -way\b ne\b0 = (they) were\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 2\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -way\b t\b0 = (you) were\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 2\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -way\b tu\b0 = (youse) were\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 1\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -way\b no \b0 = (I) was\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 1\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -way\b na\b0 = (we) were\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i eg. NOUNS: (Ono)\cf0 ^\cf5 yolufto-\ul wayno\ulnone = \ul I was\ulnone\sub (f1S)\nosupersub a student\par
eg. VERBS: (Ko)\cf2 *\cf5 malkho-\ul wayno\ulnone = \ul I was\ulnone\sub (f1S)\nosupersub walking\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0 > Alternatively, the suffix \i -\b wa\i0 \b0 may simply follow the copular suffix\line\cf5 \i eg. Rabe-\ul way\ulnone -ne = Rabe-ne-\ul wa\ulnone = They \ul were\ulnone\sub (3P)\nosupersub big\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0 > Applying the copular to pronouns is thus simple duplication:\par
\b Present\b0 : hiye\b yo\b0 |hiya\b yo\b0 , hat\b at\b0 , ono\b no\b0 , hne\b ne\b0 , hat\b utu\b0 , a\f2\u295?\f0 na\b na\par
Past\b0 : hiye\b wa\b0 |hiya\b wa\b0 , hat\i way\b\i0 t\b0 , ono\i way\b\i0 no\b0 , hne\i way\b\i0 ne\b0 , hat\i way\b\i0 tu\b0 , a\f2\u295?\f0 na\i way\b\i0 na\par
\cf5\b0\i ie. Hat-\ul at\ulnone = you \ul are\ulnone\sub (2S)\nosupersub > cf. Hat-\ul wayt\ulnone = you \ul were\ulnone\sub (2S)\nosupersub\par
eg. \ul Eno-no\ulnone ou nuhro shariro = \ul I am\ulnone\sub (1S)\nosupersub the light truthful\par
eg. \ul Hne-ne\ulnone qadmoye = \ul They are\ulnone\sub (3P)\nosupersub first \cf0\i0\par
\par
^ Whilst redundant, one may emphasise the full pronoun prior\par
* \b\i Ko\b0\i0 emphasises activity of present & past verbs akin to English '-\i ing\i0 '\par
\cf5 \i ie. Without "Ko", "Malakh-no" is just a query, "I am (to) walk?"\par
\cf0\i0\par
\cf1\highlight4\b\fs26 II. Future Copula \par
\cf0\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\ul Future copula\ulnone (with verbs) \f3\emdash \f0 apply \b\i Gd/G\b0 -\i0 (\i will\i0 ):\par
\b Gd \b0 + [verb + present copular] = () will ()\par
\i \cf5 eg. \ul Gd\ulnone malakh-no = I \ul will\ulnone\sub (m1S)\nosupersub walk\par
\cf0\i0 \b Gd \b0 + [verb + past copular] = () would've () (\cf5\i ie. past conditional\cf0\i0 )\par
\cf5\i eg. \ul Gd\ulnone malakh-\ul way\ulnone no = I \ul would've\ulnone\sub (m1S)\nosupersub walked\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 eg. \ul Gd\ulnone malkhu-\ul way\ulnone tu/malkh-utu-\ul wa\ulnone = Youse \ul would've\ulnone\sub (2P)\nosupersub walked \cf0\i0\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\ul Future copula\ulnone (with nouns/adjectives) \f3\emdash \f0 apply \i "\b Gd how\b0 -" \i0 (\i will become\i0 ):\i\par
\b\i0 \b0 [\b Gd \b0 +]: how\b e\b0 |how\b yo\b0 , how\b at\b0 , how\i e\b\i0 no\b0 , how\i e\b\i0 n\b0 , how\b utu\b0 , howi\b na\par
\cf5\b0\i eg. \ul Gd how-ina\ulnone yolufe = \ul We will become\ulnone\sub (1P)\nosupersub students\par
eg. \ul Gd how-at\ulnone kashirto = \ul You will become\ulnone\sub (f2S)\nosupersub clever\cf0\i0\par
\par
> \b\i How\b0\i0 - (\i become\i0 ) is also a verb in the present & past contexts\par
\cf5\i eg. Ko \ul how-at\ulnone sha\f2\u295?\f0 ino kul shte\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 inyo = \ul You become\ulnone\sub (m2S)\nosupersub heated every game\par
eg. Ayko \ul how-at-wa\ulnone ? = Where \ul had you become\ulnone\sub (3P)\nosupersub (Where were you born)?\par
\par
\cf0\i0 > Minus the duplication, all there was to know were these highlights:\line 7 nominative pronouns (6 + \i f3S\i0 ), -\b\i yo\b0\i0 , -\b\i wa\b0\i0 /-\b\i way\b0\i0 -, \b\i ko\b0\i0 , \b\i gd, how-\b0\i0\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Accusative & Possessive Pronouns \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\ul Accusative pronouns\ulnone \f3\emdash \f0 used variably as possessive, object, or subject\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0 3\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b e\b0 |\b a\b0 = him|her\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 3\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b aye \b0 = them\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 2\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b okh\b0 |\b akh \b0 = you\sub\i (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\cell\kerning0 2\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b aykhu \b0 = youse\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 1\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b i \b0 = me\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 1\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b an \b0 = us\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i eg. Ko malakh-no a\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 m-\ul aye\ulnone = I am walking with \ul them\ulnone\sub (3P)\nosupersub\par
eg. Mid-l\ul an\ulnone -l\ul okh\ulnone kthowo men-\ul a\ulnone = \ul We\ulnone\sub (1P)\nosupersub got \ul you\ulnone\sub (m2S)\nosupersub a book from \ul her\ulnone\sub (f3S)\cf0\nosupersub\i0\par
\par
\ul Possesive pronouns\ulnone \f3\emdash \f0 made by prepositioning \b\i d\b0 - > \b did\b0 -^\i0 (\i of\i0 )\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0 3\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 did\b e\b0 |\b a\b0 = his|hers\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 3\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 did\b aye\b0 /\b athe\b0 = theirs\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 2\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 did\b okh\b0 |\b akh\b0 = yours\sub\i (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\cell\kerning0 2\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 did\b aykhu\b0 /\b athkhu\b0 = yours\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 1\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 did\b i\b0 = mine\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 1\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 did\b an\b0 = ours\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0 > Dropping the \b\i did\b0\i0 - for \i -\b eyd\b0 - \i0 (or altogether*) forms a possesive suffix\par
\cf5\i eg. Eshmo \ul dide\ulnone = Eshm-\ul eyd-e\ulnone = Eshm-\ul e\ulnone = \ul His\ulnone\sub (m3S)\nosupersub name\par
eg. Leb-\ul eyd-akh\ulnone haw-li = Leb-\ul akh\ulnone haw-li = \ul Your\ulnone\sub (f2S)\nosupersub heart give me\line eg. Ou qanyo \ul didokh\ulnone -yo = Ou qany-\ul eyd-okh\ulnone -yo = The pen is \ul yours\ulnone\sub (m2S)\nosupersub\par
\cf0\i0\par
* Dropped in nouns of personal significance (family, body parts, \f3\'85\f0 )\par
^ Classic Syriac employs \b\i dil\b0 -\i0 in place of \b\i did\b0 -\i0 (\cf5\i ie. \b Didi \b0 = \b Dili\cf0\b0\i0 )\par
^ See also \i Special Propositions\i0 section\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Demonstrative Pronouns \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\ul Demonstrative Pronouns\ulnone (by proximity, \ul S\ulnone ingle, \ul P\ulnone lural) \par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0 \lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 h\b ano\b0 |h\b athe\b0 = this\sub\i (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\cell\kerning0 \lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 h\b ani\b0 = these\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3609\clvertalc\cellx4143\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 \lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 h\b awo\b0 |h\b ayo\b0 = that\sub\i (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\cell\kerning0 \lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 h\b anek\b0 = those\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i eg. \ul Hani\ulnone -ne a nosh-eyd-an = \ul These\ulnone are (the) our people\par
eg. Bi duktho \ul hayo\ulnone qadishto = In \ul that\ulnone\sub (f)\nosupersub place holy\par
\cf0\i0 > Dropping the \i "\b h\b0 "\b\i0 \b0 produces the suffix form (bolded part)\par
\cf5\i eg. Ou lalyo \ul hano\ulnone = Ou laly-\ul ano\ulnone = Ad-lalyo\cf2 *\cf5 = \ul This\ulnone\sub (m)\nosupersub night\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 eg. Man-yo \ul hathe\ulnone ? = Man-y-\ul athe\ulnone ? = Who is \ul this\ulnone\sub (f)\nosupersub ?\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0 * The prefix \i "\b Ad\b0 "\i0 means \i this\i0 genderlessly (\cf5\i eg. Ad-lalyo = This night\cf0\i0 )\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Definite & Indefinite Articles \highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\par
\ul Definite article\ulnone (\i the\i0 ) has gender & plurality, & precedes proper names:\par
\b ou\b0 |\b ie\b0 = the\cf2\kerning0\sub\i\lang1033 (m\i0 |\i f)\cf0\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\par
\cf5\i eg. \ul Ou\ulnone Steyfo \f2\u295?\f0 awr-eydi-yo = \ul The\ulnone Steve friend-mine-is\par
eg. \ul Ie\ulnone malkutho ru\f2\u295?\f0 onayto = \ul The\ulnone kingdom spiritual\par
\cf0\b\i0 a\b0 |\b an\b0 = the (plural | plural when subject begins with vowel)\par
\cf5\i eg. \ul An\ulnone abnay-dan = \ul The\ulnone sons-our = Our sons\par
\cf0\i0\par
\ul Indefinite article\ulnone (\cf5\i ie. 'a book'\cf0\i0 ) is implied but emphasised with:\par
\b \f2\u295?\f0 a\b0 |\b\f2\u295?\f0 do\b0 = a/one\cf2\kerning0\sub\i\lang1033 (m\i0 |\i f)\cf0\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\par
\cf5\i eg. Kitli [\f2\u295?\f0 do] sho\f3\u661?\f0 tho = Kitli sho\f3\u661?\f0 tho = I have [an]\sub (f)\nosupersub hour\par
\cf0\i0\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Special Prepositions \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 > Some prepositions can be prefixed, including to articles\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf2\kerning0\lang1033 \b M\b0 - / \b Me\b0 / \b Men\b0 (cl) = from \tab > \b Mou\b0 |\b Mi\b0 |\b Ma\b0 = from the \sub\i (m\i0 |\i f\i0 |\i P)\nosupersub\i0\par
\b L\b0 - / \b Lwoth\b0 (cl) = to/for \tab > \b Lou\b0 |\b Li\b0 |\b La \b0 = to/for the \sub\i (m\i0 |\i f\i0 |\i P)\cf0\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\par
\cf5\i eg. Azan \ul mou\ulnone athro = We went \ul from the\ulnone\sub (m)\nosupersub Land\par
\ul l\ulnone -duktho \f2\u295?\f0 reto = \ul To\ulnone a place another\sub (f)\nosupersub\par
eg. \ul Me\ulnone ayko ko oth-at? = \ul From\ulnone where do you come?\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 eg. \ul Mou\ulnone yamino \ul lou\ulnone semolo = \ul From the\ulnone\sub (m)\nosupersub right \ul to the\ulnone\sub (m)\nosupersub left\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 B\b0 - / \b B\f2\u289?\f0 aw \b0 (cl) = in \tab > \b Bou\b0 |\b Bi\b0 |\b Ba \b0 = in the \sub\i (m\i0 |\i f\i0 |\i P)\nosupersub\i0\par
\b D\b0 - = of \tab > \b Dou\b0 |\b Di\b0 |\b Da \b0 = of the \sub\i (m\i0 |\i f\i0 |\i P)\cf0\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\par
\cf5\i eg. \ul Bi\ulnone dukth-ayo \ul d\ulnone -babon-eyd-an = \ul In the\ulnone\sub (f)\nosupersub place that \ul of\ulnone our fathers\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 eg. Ou qolo \ul dou\ulnone Shem\f3\u661?\f0 un basimo-yo = The voice \ul of the\ulnone\sub (m)\nosupersub Simon is nice\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 S\b0 -\b \b0 / \b Se\b0 = by/beside \tab > \b Sou\b0 |\b Si\b0 |\b Sa \b0 = by/beside the \sub\i (m\i0 |\i f\i0 |\i P)\cf0\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\par
\cf5\i eg. Ma\f2\u295?\f0 et ou koso \ul se\ulnone idi = Place the cup \ul by\ulnone my hand\par
eg. Azi-no \ul sou\ulnone dukano \ul di\ulnone Sara = I went \ul by the\ulnone\sub (m)\nosupersub shop \ul of (the)\ulnone\sub (f)\nosupersub Sara\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 eg. A qlide \ul sa\ulnone qanye-ne = The keys \ul beside the\ulnone pens-are\cf0\i0\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1 > These prefixes are first modified when attaching accusative pronouns*\kerning0\fs24\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1699\clvertalc\cellx3433\clvertalc\cellx5167\clvertalc\cellx6901\clvertalc\cellx8635
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\fi220\qj\cf2\kerning2\fs22\lang1033 M > \b Men\b0 -\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 L > \b El\b0 -\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 B > \b Eb\b0 -\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 D > \b Did\b0 -*\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 S > \b Sid\b0 -\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i eg. \ul Men-okh\ulnone L-\ul el-an\ulnone = \ul From you\ulnone to \ul (to) us\par
\ulnone eg. Kit flefle \ul eb-aye\ulnone = There's chilli \ul in them\ulnone (idiom: 'hyperactive')\par
eg. Athi-\ul li\ulnone egartho \ul men-aykhu\ulnone = Came \ul to me\ulnone a letter \ul from youse\par
\cf0\ulnone\i0\par
* See \i Accusative & Possessive Pronouns\i0 section\par
\cf5\par
\cf0\highlight3\b\fs32 Conjunctions, Prepositions & Relative Pronouns \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
> Conjunctions & prepositions link words & phrases\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf2\kerning0\ul\lang1033 Reason / Condition\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cell\kerning0\lang1033 Grouping\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\ulnone\lang1033 since\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 lan\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 and\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 u\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 because\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 \f3\u661?\f0 al d-\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 or\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 aw\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 for this\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 mawkha\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 not\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 lo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 so that\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 lashan\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 without \kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 d-lo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 if (loanword)\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 iza\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 with\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 \f3\u661?\f0 am/a\f3\u661?\f0 m-\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 provided\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 haqa\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 only\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 bal\f2\u295?ud\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 why\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 qay\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 alone\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 ru\f2\u295?e\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell\b\cell\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 too/also\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 ste(ne)\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\ul\b0\lang1033 Concession\kerning2\lang3081\cell\ulnone\cell\cell\b\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 still\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 hesh\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell\kerning0\ul\lang1033 Spatiotemporal\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\ulnone\lang1033 but\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 elo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 where\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 ayko\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell\b\cell\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 after\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 bothr\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\ul\b0\lang1033 Manner\kerning2\lang3081\cell\ulnone\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 before\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 meqm\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 like\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 khud\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 until\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 hul\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 this way\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 hawkha\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 now\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 o\f3\u661?\f0 do\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 how\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 ay-darbo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 when\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 ema\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2136\clvertalc\cellx3666\clvertalc\cellx4525\clvertalc\cellx7169\clvertalc\cellx8641
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 actually\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 asher\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 once\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 naq(l)a\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf5\b0 \i eg. Eno \ul u\ulnone hat \ul\f3\u661?\f0 am\ulnone \f2\u295?\f0 dode = Me \ul and\ulnone you \ul with\ulnone each-other\par
eg. Shamo mar \ul hul ema\ulnone gd ruqthina = Shamo tell \ul till when\ulnone will we dance\par
eg. Lo \f2\u295?\f0 zele \ul elo hesh\ulnone mhaymanle = He didn't see \ul but still\ulnone he believed\par
eg. Marli \ul u\ulnone \ul d-lo\ulnone nakfutho \ul ste\ulnone = Tell me, \ul and\ulnone \ul without\ulnone shyness \ul too\ulnone\par
\i0\par
\cf0\ul Relative pronouns\ulnone link a clause or statement to an object/person\par
> In English: \i who, whom, which, whoever, whomever, whichever, that\i0\f3\'85\f0\par
> In Surayt the preposition \b\i d\b0 -\i0 (\i of\i0 ) takes these meanings contextually\par
\cf5\i eg. An noshe \ul d\ulnone -athen mou turo = The people \ul who\ulnone came from the mountain\par
eg. Shma\f3\u661?\f0 , \ul d\ulnone -yulf-utu = Listen, \ul so that\ulnone you\sub (2P)\nosupersub learn\par
eg. Khul, \ul d\ulnone -yurw-at = Eat, \ul that\ulnone you\sub (2S)\nosupersub may grow\par
eg. \ul Man d\ulnone -mhaymen ebi kitle \f2\u295?\f0 aye = \ul Whomever\ulnone believes in me has life\par
eg. Nafiq-no \ul d\ulnone -\f2\u295?\f0 oze-no ie britho = I left \ul in order to\ulnone see the world\par
\cf0\i0\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Existence is, Possession has, & Ability can \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\b Kit/Kito \b0 (cl. \b Ko-ith\b0 ) = there is / there exists\par
\b Layt/Layto\b0 (cl. \b Lo-ith\b0 ) = there isn't / there doesn't exist\par
\par
\ul Existence\ulnone \f3\emdash \f0 is & isn't / are & aren't / was & wasn't / were & weren't\par
\cf5\i eg. \ul Kit\ulnone aloho = \ul There is\ulnone a God (idiom: 'await divine jugment')\par
eg. \ul Layt\ulnone mede \f2\u295?\f0 atho = \ul There isn't\ulnone anything new\par
\cf0\i0 > Conjugate with the nominative pronouns to assign person & tense\par
\cf5\i eg. \ul Kit-wa\ulnone slutho athmel = \ul There was\ulnone\sub (3S)\nosupersub a prayer yesterday\par
eg. \ul Lat-atu\ulnone noquse = \ul Youse aren't\ulnone\sub (2P)\nosupersub lacking\par
eg. \ul Lat-yo\ulnone shrolo = \ul It/he/she isn't\ulnone\sub (3S)\nosupersub true\par
\cf0\i0\par
\ul Possession\ulnone \f3\emdash \f0 have & haven't / had & hadn't\par
> Conjugate with \i -\b l\b0 -\i0 (\i to\i0 ) & accusative pronoun^ to indicate possession\par
\b Kitl\b0 - = Have\par
\b Latl\b0 - = Haven't\par
\cf5\i eg. \ul Kitl-okh\ulnone yuqr-utho = \ul You have\ulnone\sub (2S)\nosupersub weight (respect)\par
eg. \ul Latl-i\ulnone lebo = \ul I haven't\ulnone\sub (1S)\nosupersub heart (idiom: 'not in the mood')\par
\cf0\i0 > Past possession is indicated by terminal \i -\b wa\b0 *\par
\cf5 eg. \ul Kitl-an-wa\ulnone \f2\u295?\f0 ago athmel = \ul We had\ulnone\sub (1P)\nosupersub a party yesterday\par
eg. \ul Latl-a-wa\ulnone zabno = \ul She hadn't\ulnone\sub (f3S)\nosupersub time\par
\cf0\i0\par
\ul Ability\ulnone \f3\emdash \f0 can & can't / could've & couldn't have\par
> Conjugate with \i -\b b\b0 -\i0 (\i in\i0 ) & accusative pronoun^ to indicate ability\par
\b Kib\b0 - = Can\par
\b Layb\b0 - = Cannot\par
\cf5\i eg. \ul Kib\ulnone -i othe-no = I \ul can\ulnone\sub (1S)\nosupersub come \i0 |\i \ul Can\ulnone\sub (1S)\nosupersub I come?\par
eg. \ul Layb\ulnone -akh hozat-li = You \ul can't\ulnone\sub (f2S)\nosupersub see me\par
\cf0\i0 > Past ability is indicated by terminal \i -\b wa\b0 *\par
\cf5 eg. \ul Kib\ulnone -okh-\ul wa\ulnone malkh-at-\ul wa\ulnone l-harke = You \ul could've\ulnone\sub (2S)\nosupersub walked to here\par
eg. \ul Layb\ulnone -an-\ul wa\ulnone saymi-na-\ul wa\ulnone mede = We \ul couldn't have\ulnone\sub (1P)\nosupersub done anything\par
\cf0\i0\par
^ See \i Special Propositions\i0 & \i Verbs III \i0 sections\par
Exception for \i 3P\i0 /\i 2P\i0 : -\b\i aye\b0\i0 & -\b\i ayku\b0\i0 is shortened for \i -\b e\b0\i0 & \i -\b khu\b0\i0 ,\line with \i -\b b\b0 -\i0 pronounced as \i p, \i0 whilst \i -\b l\b0 -\i0 is made silent\par
\cf5\i ie. Kip-e/Lap-e (they can/n't) Kip-khu/Lap-khu (youse can/n't)\par
Kit-e/Lat-e (they have/n't) Kit-khu/Lat-khu (youse have/n't)\par
\cf0\i0 * Alternative form exists with the infix -\b\i way\b0\i0 -\par
\cf5\i eg. Kit-lan-\ul wa\ulnone = Kit-\ul way\ulnone -lan = We \ul had\ulnone\sub (1P)\nosupersub\par
\cf0\i0\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Gender & Plurality \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\ul Noun & adjective gender\ulnone\line > A noun ending in \i -\b o\i0 \b0 without \i t\i0 /\i th \i0 prior is typically* male.\line The female is formed (if valid) with \i -\b to\b0 /-\b itho\b0\i0 ^. \par
\cf5\i eg. Malfon\ul o\ulnone \i0 |\i Malfon\ul itho\ulnone = Teacher\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\nosupersub\par
eg. Z\f3\u661?\f0 ur\ul o\ulnone \i0 |\i Z\f3\u661?\f0 ir\ul to\ulnone = Child\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\nosupersub\par
eg. \kerning0\f2\lang1033\u294?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 ol\ul o\ulnone \i0 |\i \kerning0\f2\lang1033\u294?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 l\ul to\ulnone = Uncle \i0 |\i Aunt\par
\cf0\i0\par
\ul Noun & adjective plurality\ulnone\line > The \i -\b o\i0 \b0 becomes \i -\b e\b0 /-\b one\b0\i0 for male plural*. Female plural (if valid)\line replaces \i -\b to\b0 /-\b itho\i0 \b0 for \i -\b othe\b0 /-\b yothe\i0 \b0 (\i -\b otho\b0 /-\b yotho\i0 \b0 alternatively).\par
\cf5\i eg. Malfon\ul e\ulnone \i0 |\i Malfon\ul yothe\ulnone = Teachers\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\nosupersub\par
eg. Z\f3\u661?\f0 ur\ul e\ulnone = Children\par
eg. \kerning0\f2\lang1033\u294?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 ol\ul one\ulnone \i0 |\i \kerning0\f2\lang1033\u294?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 lt\ul othe\ulnone = Uncles \i0 |\i Aunts\par
\cf0\i0\par
> Loanwords typically lack a terminal -\b\i o\b0\i0 , & made plural with -\b\i at\b0\i0\par
\cf5\i eg. Talafon\sub (S)\nosupersub > Talafonat\sub (P)\nosupersub = Telephones\par
\cf0\i0\par
> Adjectives agree with the gender & pluratity of their subject\par
\cf5\i eg. Bar\ul tho\ulnone shafir\ul to\ulnone -yo = Girl\sub (f S)\nosupersub beautiful she is\par
eg. Bot\ul e\cf0\ulnone *\cf5 shafir\ul e\ulnone lat-li = Houses\sub (m P)\nosupersub beautiful I haven't\par
eg. Leb\ul o\ulnone basim\ul o\ulnone kit-li = Heart\sub (m S)\nosupersub pleasant have I\par
\cf0\i0\par
> Verbs also agree, see \i Verbs \i0 section for details on conjugation\par
\cf5\i eg. Hiye ko malekh \i0 |\i Hiya ko malkho = He\i0 |\i She is walking\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\nosupersub\par
eg. Ono ko rohatno\i0 |\i ruhtono = I am runnning\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\nosupersub\par
eg. Rahet\i0 |\i Rahito lou bayto = He\i0 |S\i he ran home\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\nosupersub\par
\cf0\i0\par
* Some male noun roots have a terminal \i t\i0 & are made plural irregularly\line \cf5\i eg. \b Bayt\ul o\ulnone \b0 (house)\b \b0 > \b Bot\ul e\ulnone \b0 (houses)\b \b0 cf. not '\b Bayt\ul one\ulnone '\cf0\b0\i0\par
^ Similarly, some female nouns lack a penultimate \i t\i0\par
\cf5\i eg. Emo > Emothe = Mother > Mothers\cf0\i0\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Verbs \cf1\highlight4\b0\fs22\par
\cf0\highlight0\par
\cf1\highlight4\b\fs26 I. Roots & Classes of Verbs \par
\cf0\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
> Verbs are conjugated from 3-4 letter \ul roots\ulnone into various forms:\par
Root > Class > Mood > Active/Passive > Person > Tense\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i eg. g-r-sh (pull) > grsh-le (he pulled) > grshle-wa (he had pulled)\f3\'85\cf0\i0\f0\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1 > Roots can can often be found in related nouns or adjectives\par
\cf5\i eg. Sh-a-l: Shuwolo (a question) > Mshayel (ask)\par
eg. k-r-i: Karyo (short) > Makri (shorten)\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 eg. R-\f2\u295?\f0 -m: Ra\f2\u295?\f0 me (mercy) > Mar\f2\u295?\f0 m (pity)\cf0\i0\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1 > Verbs exist across three broad classes, depending on the action\par
- \ul Ground\ulnone : A simple base action\par
\cf5\i eg. Zbat (hold), \kerning0\f2\lang1033\u294?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 zay (see), Rhat (run), Zokh (go), Sm (do)\cf0\i0\par
- \ul Intensive\ulnone : An intensified action; prefixed with \b\i M\b0 -*\i0\par
\cf5\i eg. Mhalaq (throw), Mshayel (ask), Mthakr (recall), Mrabi (nurture)\par
\cf0\i0 - \ul Causative\ulnone : An action to bring/cause change; prefixed with \b\i Ma\b0 -\i0 ^\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i eg. Mafhm (clarify), Mad\f3\u661?\f0 r (return), Makhli (empty), Makri (shorten)\cf0\i0\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1 > Roots can exist across different verbal classes\par
\cf5\i eg. D-m-kh: Dmakh (Gr.: sleep) > Madmkh (Cau.: put to rest)\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 eg. F-h-m: Fham (Gr.: understand) > Mafhm (Cau.: clarify)\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0 > Prior examples are all \ul active\ulnone voice verbs in 3\super rd\nosupersub person singular.\par
\ul Passive\ulnone voice verbs indicate being acted upon rather than doing.\line These are prefixed with \b\i Mi\b0\i0 -, or \b\i Mita\b0\i0 - for causative class verbs:\line\cf5\i eg. Mhalaq = throw > Mi-halaq = being thrown\line eg. Mad\f3\u661?\f0 r = return > Mita-d\f3\u661?\f0 r = being returned\par
\cf0\i0\par
* Not to be confused with the preposition \b\i M\b0\i0 - (\i from\i0 )\par
^ This is akin to many verbs that end in \i -ify \i0 (\i to change\i0 ) in English\par
\par
\cf1\highlight4\b\fs26 II. Verbal Mood & Tense \par
\cf0\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 > Prior examples are also all in \ul imperative\ulnone mood (command).\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1 > Each form derives from a basic \ul infinitive\ulnone mood*, which is typically\line gendered & spoken in the present or future context, preceded by:\par
\b\i Ko\b0 \i0 (\i doing\i0 ), \b\i Gd\b0 \i0 (\i will do\i0 ), or a conjunction.\par
\cf5\i eg. Ko goresh = He is pulling\par
eg. Gd gursho = She will be pulling\par
eg. Hul domekh\i0 |\i dmkho = Until he\i0 |\i she sleeps\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0 * Which for causative class verbs is the same as the imperative mood\cf5\i\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0 > \ul Verbal noun\ulnone mood follows the rules of a typical noun & may follow\line definite articles. If \i causative\i0 , the prefix \b\i Ma-\b0\i0 becomes \b\i Te-\b0\i0 .\par
\cf5\i eg. Ou grosho (the pull) \i0 |\i dmokho (the sleep) \i0 |\i Zboto (the capture)\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 eg. Ou te-d\f3\u661?\f0 oro dou malko = The returning of the king\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1 Table II.a \i0\f3\emdash\i \f0 Conjugating a ground transitive verb\cf0\kerning0\i0\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2867\clvertalc\cellx5633\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\b\fs20\lang1033 Verbal noun\par
\kerning2\b0 Gr\cf6 o\cf2 sh\cf6 o\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (A) pull\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0 Infinitive\b0\par
\kerning2\lang1033 G\cf6 o\cf2 r\cf6 e\cf2 sh|G\cf6 u\cf2 rsh\cf6 o\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 Pulling\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Imperative\par
\kerning2\b0 Gr\cf6 a\cf2 sh\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 Pull!\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2867\clvertalc\cellx5633\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\cf0\i0\f4\lang1033\u8601?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf0\f5\u8595?\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\f4\lang1033\u8600?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2867\clvertalc\cellx5633\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\b\lang1033 Past simple\par
\kerning2\b0 Gr\cf6 i\cf2 sh\cf6 le\cf2 |Gr\cf6 i\cf2 sh\cf6 la\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) pulled\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Present\par
\cf6\kerning2\b0 Ko \cf2 Goresh|Gursho\cf6\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) is pulling\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Future\par
\cf6\kerning2\b0 Gd\cf2 Goresh|Gursho\cf6\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) will pull\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2867\clvertalc\cellx5633\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf0\kerning0\i0\f5\u8595?\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f5\u8595?\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f5\u8595?\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-20\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2867\clvertalc\cellx5633\clvertalc\cellx8640
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\kerning0\b\lang1033 Past perfect\par
\kerning2\b0 Grishle\cf6 wa\cf2 |Grishla\cf6 wa\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) had pulled\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Past continuous\par
\kerning2\b0 Ko Goresh\cf6 wa\cf2 |Gursho\cf6 wa\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) was pulling\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Past conditional\par
\kerning2\b0 Gd Goresh\cf6 wa\cf2 |Gursho\cf6 wa\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) would've pulled\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0\fs22\par
> Past tense has 4 forms made simply by suffix \i -\b wa\b0\i0 (or the infix \i -\b way\b0 -\i0 ),\line except the \i past simple\i0 , which has its own verb structure\par
- \ul Past continuous\ulnone : continuing the present action (\cf5\i ie. was walking\cf0\i0 )\par
- \ul Past conditional\ulnone : a subjunctive action (\cf5\i ie. would've walked\cf0\i0 )\par
> Past \i idicative \i0 tense states factually a former action\par
- \ul Past simple\ulnone : indicative statement of former action (\cf5\i ie. walked\cf0\i0 )\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 - \ul Past perfect/preterit\ulnone : indicative & explicitly past (\cf5\i ie. had walked\cf0\i0 )\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1 > Only in \i ground \i0 verbs do \i indicative \i0 vowels differ^ from the \i infinitive\i0 .\line > In all but \i ground intransitive \i0 verbs (no direct object is acted upon), \line the \i indicative \i0 is made by adding a subject with accusative pronouns\par
\cf5\i eg. Goresh > \kerning0\lang1033 Grish-\ul le\ulnone \i0 |\i M\f2\u295?\f0 alaq > M\f2\u295?\f0 alaq-le\line\cf0\kerning2\i0\lang3081 ^ The details of where/how vowels are placed is beyond this scope\par
\par
\cf5\i Table II.b \i0\f3\emdash\i \f0 Conjugating a ground intransitive verb\cf0\kerning0\i0\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2855\clvertalc\cellx5745\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\b\fs20\lang1033 Verbal noun\par
\b0 R\cf6 a\cf2 ht\cf6 o\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (A) run\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0 Infinitive\b0\par
\lang1033 R\cf6 o\cf2 h\cf6 e\cf2 t|R\cf6 u\cf2 ht\cf6 o\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 Running\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Imperative\par
\b0 Rh\cf6 a\cf2 t\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 Run!\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2855\clvertalc\cellx5745\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\cf0\i0\f4\lang1033\u8601?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\cf0\f4\lang1033\u8600?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2855\clvertalc\cellx5745\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\b\lang1033 Past simple\par
\b0 R\cf6 a\cf2 h\cf6 e\cf2 t|R\cf6 a\cf2 h\cf6 i\cf2 t\cf6 o\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) ran\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Present\par
\cf6\b0 Ko \cf2 Rohet|Ruhto\cf6\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) is running\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Future\par
\cf6\b0 Gd\cf2 Rohet|Ruhto\cf6\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) will run\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2855\clvertalc\cellx5745\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf0\i0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2855\clvertalc\cellx5745\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\kerning0\b\lang1033 Past perfect\par
\b0 Rahet\cf6 wa\cf2 |Rahito\cf6 wa\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) had ran\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Past continuous\par
\b0 Ko Rohet\cf6 wa\cf2 |Ruhto\cf6 wa\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) was running\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Past conditional\par
\b0 Gd Rohet\cf6 wa\cf2 |Ruhto\cf6 wa\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) would've ran\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0\fs22\par
\cf5\i Table II.c \i0\f3\emdash\i \f0 Conjugating an intensive verb (same applies to causative)\cf0\i0\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2735\clvertalc\cellx5625\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\kerning0\b\fs20\lang1033 Verbal noun\par
\b0\f2\u294?\cf6\f0 e\cf2 l\cf6 o\cf2 q\cf6 o\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (A) throw\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0 Infinitive\b0\par
\lang1033 M\f2\u295?\cf6\f0 a\cf2 l\cf6 a\cf2 q|M\f2\u295?\cf6\f0 a\cf2 lq\cf6 o\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 Throwing\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Imperative\par
\b0 M\f2\u295?alaq\kerning2\f0\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 Throw!\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2735\clvertalc\cellx5625\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\cf0\i0\f4\lang1033\u8601?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\cf0\f4\lang1033\u8600?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2735\clvertalc\cellx5625\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\b\lang1033 Past simple\par
\b0 M\f2\u295?alaq\cf6\f0 le\cf2 |M\f2\u295?alaq\cf6\f0 la\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) threw\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Present\par
\cf6\b0 Ko \cf2 M\f2\u295?alaq|M\u295?alqo\cf6\kerning2\f0\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) is throwing\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Future\par
\cf6\b0 Gd\cf2 M\f2\u295?alaq|M\u295?alqo\cf6\kerning2\f0\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) will throw\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2735\clvertalc\cellx5625\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf0\i0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2735\clvertalc\cellx5625\clvertalc\cellx8605
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\kerning0\b\lang1033 Past perfect\par
\b0 M\f2\u295?alaqle\cf6\f0 wa\cf2 |M\f2\u295?alaqla\cf6\f0 wa\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) had thrown\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Past continuous\par
\b0 Ko M\f2\u295?alaq\cf6\f0 wa\cf2 |M\f2\u295?alqo\cf6\f0 wa\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) was throwing\kerning2\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Past conditional\par
\b0 Gd M\f2\u295?alaq\cf6\f0 wa\cf2 |M\f2\u295?alqo\cf6\f0 wa\cf2\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) would've thrown\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0\fs22\par
\cf5\i Table II.d \i0\f3\emdash\i \f0 Conjugating a short root verb, done so irregularly\cf0\i0\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-45\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2845\clvertalc\cellx5615\clvertalc\cellx8625
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\b\fs20\lang1033 Verbal noun\par
\cf6\b0\lang3081 Ma\cf2 th\cf6 io\cf2\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (A) coming/\lang3081 visit\kerning2\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0 Infinitive\b0\par
\cf6\kerning2 O\cf2 th\cf6 e\cf2 |\cf6 U\cf2 th\cf6 io\cf2\par
\cf7\kerning0\i Coming\sub\lang1033 (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\lang3081\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Imperative\par
\kerning2\b0\lang3081 Tokh|Takh\par
\cf7\kerning0\i Come\lang1033 !\sub (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-45\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2845\clvertalc\cellx5615\clvertalc\cellx8625
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\cf0\i0\f4\lang1033\u8601?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\cf0\f4\lang1033\u8600?\cf2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-45\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2845\clvertalc\cellx5615\clvertalc\cellx8625
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\b\lang1033 Past simple\par
\cf6\kerning2\b0\lang3081 A\cf2 th\cf6 i\cf2\lang1033 |\cf6\lang3081 A\cf2 th\cf6 io\cf2\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) \lang3081 came\kerning2\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Present\par
\cf6\kerning2\b0 Ko \cf2\lang3081 Othe\lang1033 |\lang3081 Uthio\cf6\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) is \lang3081 coming\kerning2\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Future\par
\cf6\kerning2\b0 Gd\cf2 \lang3081 Othe\lang1033 |\lang3081 Uthio\cf6\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) will \lang3081 come\kerning2\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-45\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2845\clvertalc\cellx5615\clvertalc\cellx8625
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf0\i0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\cf0\f5\u8595?\cf6\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-45\trrh855\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2845\clvertalc\cellx5615\clvertalc\cellx8625
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\cf2\kerning0\b\lang1033 Past perfect\par
\kerning2\b0\lang3081 Athi\cf6\lang1033 wa\cf2 |\lang3081 Athio\cf6\lang1033 wa\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) had \lang3081 came\kerning2\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Past continuous\par
\kerning2\b0 Ko \lang3081 Othe\cf6\lang1033 wa\cf2 |\lang3081 Uthio\cf6\lang1033 wa\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) was \lang3081 coming\kerning2\cell\cf2\kerning0\b\i0\lang1033 Past conditional\par
\kerning2\b0 Gd \lang3081 Othe\cf6\lang1033 wa\cf2 |\lang3081 Uthio\cf6\lang1033 wa\cf2\lang3081\par
\cf7\kerning0\i\lang1033 (He\i0 |\i She) would've \lang3081 came\kerning2\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\i0\fs22\par
\cf1\highlight4\b\fs26 III. Conjugating Subject & Object \par
\cf0\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
> The \ul subject\ulnone of a verb acts, & the \ul object\ulnone is acted upon.\par
> English uses a \i SVO \i0 (subject-vowel-object) order (\cf5\i eg. She loved him\cf0\i0 ).\par
Sureth verbal conjugation uses \i VSO \i0 order (\cf5\i ie. = R\kerning0\f2\lang1033\u295?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 im-la-le\cf0\i0 ).\par
> \i VSO \i0 applies to \ul transitive\ulnone verbs \f3\emdash \f0 performing actions \i to \i0 an object.\line \ul Intransitive\ulnone verbs, meaning no object is being acted upon, thus only\line employ a \i subjective pronoun \i0 in \i VS \i0 order (\cf5\i eg. Damikh-no = I slept\cf0\i0 ).\par
\par
> The \i subject \i0 (actor) is usually* assigned with the \ul nominative pronouns\ulnone :\kerning0\fs24\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3954\clvertalc\cellx4443\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\fs22 3\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -|\b o\b0 = he|she ()\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 3\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b i \b0 = they ()\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3954\clvertalc\cellx4443\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 2\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b at \b0 = you ()\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 2\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b utu \b0 = youse ()\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3954\clvertalc\cellx4443\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 1\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b no\b0 |\b ono \b0 = I\sub\i (m\i0 |\i f)\nosupersub\i0 ()\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 1\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b ina \b0 = we ()\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i eg. Damikh-utu (youse slept), Rahit-at (you ran), Ko Mhalaq-no (I am\line thowing), Yaqith-i (they burnt), Ko ru\kerning0\f2\lang1033\u295?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 m-ono (I\sub (f)\nosupersub love)\par
\cf0\i0\par
> The \i object \i0 acted upon is assigned with \i -\b l\b0 -\i0 (\i to\i0 ) + \ul accusative pronouns\ulnone :\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3954\clvertalc\cellx4443\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0 3\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -l\b e\b0 |l\b a\b0 = () him|her\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 3\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b\lang3081 e\b0 /\lang1033 l\b e\b0 ^ = () them\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3954\clvertalc\cellx4443\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 2\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -l\b okh\b0 |l\b akh\b0 = () you\sub\i (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\cell\kerning0 2\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -\b khu\b0 /l\b khu\b0 ^ = () youse\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx508\clvertalc\cellx3954\clvertalc\cellx4443\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0 1\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -l\b i\b0 = () me\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0 1\lang1033 P\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 -l\b an\b0 = () us\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf5\i ie. M\f2\u295?\f0 e-li \ul hie\ulnone = M\f2\u295?\f0 e-li-\ul le\ulnone = I hit \ul him\ulnone\par
ie. Hze-li radayto \ul eli\ulnone = Hze-li-\ul li\ulnone radayto = I found \ul myself\ulnone a car\par
eg. Ko mhalaq-no-\ul le\ulnone muklo = I'm throwing \ul him\ulnone food\par
eg. Gd msa\f3\u661?\f0 d-utu-way-\ul la\ulnone = Youse would've help \ul her\ulnone\i0\par
\cf0\par
* As in the example \b\i R\cf2\kerning0\f2\lang1033\u295?\cf0\kerning2\f0\lang3081 im-la-le\b0 \i0 however, note the use of an accusative\line pronoun \i -\b la\b0 -\i0 as the subject (\i she\i0 ). This rule applies to\i transitive\line \i0 verbs of \i active indicative \i0 tense (\i past simple/perfect\i0 ).\par
\cf5\i eg. M\kerning0\f2\lang1033\u295?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 alaq-\ul lan\ulnone -wa ou zabno = \ul We\ulnone had thrown the time\par
eg. Grsh-\ul la\ulnone -li me idi = \ul She\ulnone pulled me from my hand\par
eg. Hze-\ul lkhu\ulnone ou bahro = \ul Youse\ulnone had seen the light \par
eg. Shm\f3\u661?\f0 -\ul e\cf0\ulnone ^\cf5 qolo = \ul They\ulnone heard a voice\par
\cf0\i0 ^ Following a consonant, the \i -\b l\b0 -\i0 isn't pronounced in \i 3P\i0 /\i 2P\i0\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Adverbs \highlight0\par
\b0\fs22\par
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sa200\sl240\slmult1 > Adverbs give properties to verbs / adjectives / other adverbs\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\ul\lang1033 Place\kerning2\ulnone\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b\cell\b0\cell\cell\b\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Here\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\b\lang1033 Harke\kerning2\lang3081\cell\b0\cell\kerning0\lang1033 There\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Tamo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\b0 Between\cell\b Bayn\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar At/on\cell\kerning0\b\f3\lang1033\u661?\f0\lang3081 al\b0 /\b a\f3\lang1033\u661?\f0\lang3081 l-\kerning2\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Close\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Qariwo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Far\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ra\f2\u295?\f0 uqo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 High\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\f3\lang1033\u661?\f0 eloyo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Low\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 No\f2\u295?\f0 uto\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Ontop of\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\f3\lang1033\u661?\f0 ul me\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Below from\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Lalta\f2\u295?\f0\lang3081 me\kerning2\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 After/then\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Bothr\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Before\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Qdom/Qum-\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Inside\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Low\f2\u289?\f0 il\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Outside\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Larwal\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\ul\b0\lang1033 Time\kerning2\ulnone\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b\cell\b0\cell\cell\b\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Now\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 O\f3\u661?\f0 do\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Before\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Meqm\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Yesterday\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Athmel\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Tomorrow\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ram\f2\u295?\f0 el\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Today\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ad-yowma\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Tonight\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ad-lalyo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Still/More\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Hesh\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 No longer\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Haw\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\ul\b0\lang1033 Frequency\kerning2\ulnone\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b\cell\b0\cell\cell\b\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 First\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Qadmoyo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Last\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\f2\lang1033\u294?\f0 aroyo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Once/Instance\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Naq(l)a\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\fi110\kerning0\lang1033 Every\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\b Kul\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Sometimes\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Naqawat\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Everytime\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Kul naqa\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Forever\kerning2\lang3081\cell\b L-\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 olam\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Again\sub\i (m\i0 |\i f)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\f2\lang1033\u294?\f0 reno|\f2\u294?\f0 reto\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\ul\b0\lang1033 Manner\kerning2\ulnone\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b\cell\b0\cell\cell\b\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Good/Well\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Towo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Bad/Warful\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\f2\lang1033\u294?\f0 arbo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Fast/Light\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Khayifo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Heavy\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Yaquro\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Slow/Easy\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Batilo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Difficult\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Sa\f3\u661?\f0 bo/\f3\u661?\f0\lang3081 asq\lang1033 o\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Simple\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Fshito\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Complex\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 M\f3\u661?\f0 aqdo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\ul\b0\lang1033 Degree\kerning2\ulnone\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b\cell\b0\cell\cell\b\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Little\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ishmo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Many/Very \kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\f2\lang1033\u288?\f0 alabe\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Lacking\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Noquso\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Plenty \kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Sagi\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2217\clvertalc\cellx4021\clvertalc\cellx4599\clvertalc\cellx6841\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Small\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Na\f3\u661?\f0 imo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Large\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Rabo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\b0\par
> Many of these double as nouns/adjectives, which are listed here as\line masculine. See \i Gender & Plurality \i0 section for rules of conversion.\par
\cf5\i eg. (m\i0 |\i f\i0 |\i P): Qar-iwo\i0 |\i uto\i0 |\i iwe, Qadm-oyo\i0 |\i ayto\i0 |\i oye, \kerning0\f2\lang1033\u295?\f0 ar-oyo\i0 |\i ayto\i0 |\i oye\kerning2\lang3081\par
\cf0\i0 > Suffix \b\i -tir\i0 \b0 forms superlative/comparative adjectives (akin to \i -er\i0 )\par
\cf5\i eg. Sm tow-\ul tir\ulnone = Do bett\ul er\ulnone \i0 |\i Rab-\ul tir\ulnone m-ano = Bigg\ul er\ulnone than this\par
\cf0\i0\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Colours \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh283\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1971\clvertalc\cellx3982\clvertalc\cellx4318\clvertalc\cellx6312\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\lang1033 Red\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Semoqo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Black\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Komo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh283\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1971\clvertalc\cellx3982\clvertalc\cellx4318\clvertalc\cellx6312\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Yellow\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Sha\f3\u661?\f0 utho\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 White\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\f2\lang1033\u294?\f0 eworo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh283\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1971\clvertalc\cellx3982\clvertalc\cellx4318\clvertalc\cellx6312\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Brown\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Qhutoyo\b0 *\kerning2\b\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Grey/Ash\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Qatmono/Fa\f2\u295?\f0 moyo\b0 *\kerning2\b\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh283\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1971\clvertalc\cellx3982\clvertalc\cellx4318\clvertalc\cellx6312\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Green\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Yaroqo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Silver\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Semoyo\b0 *\kerning2\b\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh268\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1971\clvertalc\cellx3982\clvertalc\cellx4318\clvertalc\cellx6312\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Blue\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Zarqo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Gold\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Dahwoyo\b0 *\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\par
> Colours (\b\i Gawne\b0\i0 ) in male singular (see \i Gender & Plurality\i0 section)\par
\cf5\i ie. Semoq\ul o\ulnone \i0 |\i Semiq\ul to\ulnone \i0 |\i Semoq\ul e\ulnone = Red\sub (m\i0 |\i f\i0 |\i P)\nosupersub\par
\cf0\i0\par
* The \i -\b oyo\i0 \b0 here means '\i akin to\i0 ' or '\i of\i0 ' (\cf5\i eg. \b Midyoyo \b0 = of Midyat\cf0\i0 );\line not to be confused with the verb \i -\b yo\b0\i0 (\i is\i0 )\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Numerals \highlight0\par
\b0\fs22\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\cf2\kerning0\ul\lang1033 #\ulnone\lang3081 \kerning2\ul\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\ulnone\lang1033\cell\ul masculine\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 feminine\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\ulnone\lang1033 1\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b\f2\u294?\f0 a\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f2\lang1033\u294?\f0 do\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 2\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Tre\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 Tarte\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 3\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Tlotho\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 Tleth\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 4\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Arb\f3\u661?\f0 o\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 Arba\f3\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 5\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b\f2\u294?\f0 amsho\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f2\lang1033\u294?\f0 amesh\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 6\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Ishto\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 Sheth\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 7\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Shaw\f3\u661?\f0 o\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 Shwa\f3\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 8\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Tmanyo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 Tmone\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 9\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Tish\f3\u661?\f0 o\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\lang1033 Tsha\f3\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx2885\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 10\lang3081 \kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b\f3\u661?\f0 asro\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\f0 sar\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\b0\lang1033 10s*\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b\f3\u661?\f0 asro\b0 , \b\f3\u661?\f0 isry\b0 , Tleth-y, Arb\f3\u661?\f0 -y, \f2\u294?\f0 amsh-y\f3\'85\lang3081 \sub\i\f0 (m)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\lang1033 100s^\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Mo\b0 , \b Mathe\b0 , Tleth-mo, Arba\f3\u661?\f0 -mo, \f2\u294?\f0 amesh-mo\f3\'85\lang3081 \sub\i\f0 (f)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\lang1033 1000s\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Alfo\b0 , \b Tralfo\b0 , Tloth-alfo, Arb\f3\u661?\f0 -alfo, \f2\u294?\f0 amsh-alfo\f3\'85\lang3081 \sub\i\f0 (m)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\lang1033 100 000s\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell Mo-alfo, Mathe-alfo, Tleth-mo-alfo, Arba\f3\u661?\f0 -mo-alfo\f3\'85\lang3081 \sub\i\f0 (f)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1175\clvertalc\cellx1430\clvertalc\cellx8744
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\lang1033 1000 000s\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning0\lang1033\cell\b Malyun\b0 , Tre-malyun, Tlotho-malyun, Arb\f3\u661?\f0 o-malyun\f3\'85\lang3081 \sub\i\f0 (m)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\par
> A \i -\b y \b0\i0 suffix (like English) is the tens multiplier (\cf5\i eg. 60 = \b Ishty\cf0\b0\i0 )\line with the exception of \b\i\f3\u661?\f0 asro\b0\i0 (\i 10\i0 ) & \b\i\f3\u661?\f0 isry\b0 \i0 (\i 20\i0 )\i\par
\i0 > The ones unit is stated prior to the tens, like other semitic tongues\par
\cf5\i eg. Shwa\f3\u661?\f0 -mo u \f2\u295?\f0 a-tlethy = Seven-hundred & one-thirty = 731\par
\par
\cf0\i0 * 11-19 are said with the feminine 10s \i -\kerning0\b\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 sar\b0\i0 (& ones, except 12 & 16)\par
\cf5 \i ie. 12 = Tr-a-\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 sar \i0 |\i 16 = Isht-\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 sar \i0 |\i cf. 18 = Tsha\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 -\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\kerning2\f0\lang3081 sar\par
\cf0\i0 ^ \b\i Mathe\b0\i0 (\i 200\i0 ) is the exception to the \i feminine-\b mo \b0\i0 rule\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Time \highlight0\par
\b0\fs22\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\lang1033 Time\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Zabno\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Day\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Yawmo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Instance\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Naq\b0 (\b l\b0 )\b a\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Week\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Shabtho\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Minute\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Qatenyotho\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Month\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Yar\f2\u295?\f0 o\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Hour\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Sho\f3\u661?\f0 tho\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Year\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Shato\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell\b\cell\cell\b0\cell\b\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Yesterday\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Athmel\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Morning\sub\i\lang3081 (m)\kerning2\nosupersub\i0\cell\b \kerning0\lang1033 S\kerning2\lang3081 afro\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Tomorrow\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ram\f2\u295?\f0 el\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\b0 Morning\sub\i (f)\nosupersub\i0\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Safrayto\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Today\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ad-yawma\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Midday\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Falge d-yawmo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0 Day before\cell\b Bou-m\f2\u295?\f0 reno\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Daytime\lang3081\cell\b\lang1033 Bimomo\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh301\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\kerning2\b0\lang3081\cell\cell\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cell\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Sunday\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Yawme d-\f2\u295?\f0 oushabo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Evening\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ramsho\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Mon-Thursday\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Yawme d-[2-5]\b0 *\kerning2\b\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Nightfall\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 \f3\u661?\f0 asriye\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Friday\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Yawme d-\f3\u661?\f0 routo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Night\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Lalyo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Saturday\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Yawme d-shabtho\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Tonight\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ad-lalyo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Festivity\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 \f3\u661?\f0 edo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Midnight\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Falge d-lalyo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\b0\cell\b\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\b0\cell\b\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Summer\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Qayto\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Autumn\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Teshriotho\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1998\clvertalc\cellx4458\clvertalc\cellx4818\clvertalc\cellx6466\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Winter\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 \lang3081 Sathwo\kerning2\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\lang1033 Spring\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Rbi\f3\u661?\f0\lang3081 o\b0 /\b Nisan\kerning2\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\b0\par
* Masculine numbers 2-5 (\b\i Tre\b0 \b Tlotho Arb\cf2\kerning0\f3\lang1033\u661?\cf0\kerning2\f0\lang3081 o \cf2\kerning0\f2\lang1033\u294?\f0\lang3081 amsho\cf0\kerning2\b0\i0 ), see \i Numerals\i0 section\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Family \par
\highlight0\b0\fs22\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh570\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2294\clvertalc\cellx5429\clvertalc\cellx7274\clvertalc\cellx8635
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\cf2\kerning0\lang1033 Patrilineal:\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\lang1033 Uncle \'d7 Wife\par
\b\f3\u661?\f0 ammo \b0\'d7\b Dade\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Aunt\par
\b\f3\u661?\f0 amtho\b0 /\b\f3\u661?\f0 amme\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Brother\par
\b A\f2\u295?\f0 uno\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2294\clvertalc\cellx5429\clvertalc\cellx7274\clvertalc\cellx8635
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\b0\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\cell\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh570\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2294\clvertalc\cellx5429\clvertalc\cellx7274\clvertalc\cellx8635
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\lang1033 Grandpa\par
\b Qasho\b0 */\b Yabo\b0 /\b Jdo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Father\par
\b Babo\b0 /\b Abo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Husband/Man\par
\b Gawro\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Son\par
\b Abro\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2294\clvertalc\cellx5429\clvertalc\cellx7274\clvertalc\cellx8635
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\b0\cell\cell\cell\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh570\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2294\clvertalc\cellx5429\clvertalc\cellx7274\clvertalc\cellx8635
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\lang1033 Grandma\par
\b Qashto\b0 /\b Yade\b0 /\b Mayme\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Mother\par
\b Emo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Wife/Woman\par
\b Athto\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Daughter\par
\b Bartho\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh285\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2294\clvertalc\cellx5429\clvertalc\cellx7274\clvertalc\cellx8635
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qc\b0\cell\cell\cell\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-35\trrh570\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx2294\clvertalc\cellx5429\clvertalc\cellx7274\clvertalc\cellx8635
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qr\kerning0\lang1033 Matrilineal:\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\qc\kerning0\lang1033 Uncle \'d7 Wife\par
\b\f2\u294?olo\b0 /\b Khalo\b0 \f0\'d7 \b Ta\f2\u295?\f0 olo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Aunt\par
\b\f2\u294?lto\b0 /\b Khale\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Sister\par
\b\f2\u294?otho\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell\row
\pard\ltrpar\widctlpar\sl240\slmult1\cf0\b0\par
> The family (\b\i Iqartho\b0\i0 ). Aunts & uncles have varying names, depending on\line maternal/paternal & blood/marriage relation.\par
\par
* \b\i Qasho\b0\i0 has taken on the meaning '\i priest\i0 ', which is classically \b\i Kohno\b0\i0\par
\par
\highlight3\b\fs32 Body Parts \highlight0\b0\fs24\par
\fs22\par
\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\lang1033 Head\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Risho\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Neck\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Qdolo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Body\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Gishmo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Face\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Fotho\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Shoulder\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Katfo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Flesh\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Fa\f2\u289?\f0 ro\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Forehead\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Gwino\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Arm\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Dru\f3\u661?\f0 ono\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Meat\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Basro\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Ears\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Adno\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Hand\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ido\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Skin\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Galdo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Eyes\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 \f3\u661?\f0 ayno\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Leg\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Saqo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Organ\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Hadomo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Nose\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 N\f2\u295?iro\kerning2\f0\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Knee\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Barko\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Intestine\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 M\f3\u661?\f0 wotho\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Cheek\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Fako\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Foot\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ra\f2\u289?\f0 lo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Bone\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Garmo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Lip\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Sapotho\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Digit\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Saw\f3\u661?\f0 o\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Blood\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Admo\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Mouth\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Femo\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Nail\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Tafrono\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Sweat\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Da\f3\u661?\f0 tho\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Tongue\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Leshono\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Breast\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Sadro\kerning2\lang3081\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\widctlpar\qj\cf0\b0\fs21\cell
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\cf2\kerning0\fs22\lang1033 Spit\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 Ruqe\kerning2\lang3081\cell\row\trowd\trgaph10\trleft-25\trrh286\trpaddl10\trpaddr10\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3
\clvertalc\cellx1264\clvertalc\cellx2502\clvertalb\cellx2968\clvertalc\cellx4257\clvertalc\cellx5496\clvertalb\cellx5962\clvertalc\cellx7407\clvertalc\cellx8645
\pard\intbl\ltrpar\keep\keepn\noline\widctlpar\kerning0\b0\lang1033 Teeth\kerning2\lang3081\cell\kerning0\b\lang1033 \f3\u661?\f0 arsho\kerning2\lang3081\cell
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