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404

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- + diff --git a/article/index.html b/article/index.html index 8c996a320..c4f58a14b 100644 --- a/article/index.html +++ b/article/index.html @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ } - +
Tomato

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@@ -71,6 +71,6 @@

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Here is the content.

ChiLess than 1 minuteDragon FruitFruitredbig
2
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Copyright © 2023 Chi
- + diff --git a/assets/1.html-cc1bc8b7.js b/assets/1.html-41c2f4ce.js similarity index 99% rename from assets/1.html-cc1bc8b7.js rename to assets/1.html-41c2f4ce.js index 4a8eb5fbd..e225e7bea 100644 --- a/assets/1.html-cc1bc8b7.js +++ b/assets/1.html-41c2f4ce.js @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as m,a as s,b as a,f as l}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const e={},i=s("h1",{id:"语法分析",tabindex:"-1"},[s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#语法分析","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" 语法分析")],-1),r=s("ul",null,[s("li",null,[a("正则表达式的能力有限，无法分析具体的语法细节(例如嵌套、"),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"a"),s("mi",null,"n")]),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"b"),s("mi",null,"n")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"a^nb^n")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"a"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6644em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"n")])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"b"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6644em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"n")])])])])])])])])])]),a("的n值)，与其等价的有穷自动机同理，因此引入了下推自动机和上下文有关、无关文法")])],-1),p=l('

大纲

上下文无关文法(CFG)

Chomsky语言层级

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抽象语法树

![[语法树与抽象语法树.png]]

歧义(Ambiguity)

解决方法

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![[消除歧义1.png]] ![[消除歧义2.png]] ![[消除歧义3.png]]

语法分析算法(parsing)

Top-Down(Leftmost) parsing

回溯算法(Backtracking)

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递归下降

输入
int main(){
+import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as m,a as s,b as a,f as l}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const e={},i=s("h1",{id:"语法分析",tabindex:"-1"},[s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#语法分析","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" 语法分析")],-1),r=s("ul",null,[s("li",null,[a("正则表达式的能力有限，无法分析具体的语法细节(例如嵌套、"),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"a"),s("mi",null,"n")]),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"b"),s("mi",null,"n")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"a^nb^n")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"a"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6644em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"n")])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"b"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6644em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"n")])])])])])])])])])]),a("的n值)，与其等价的有穷自动机同理，因此引入了下推自动机和上下文有关、无关文法")])],-1),p=l('
 大纲
  • 语法分析的形式化——上下文无关文法
  • 语法分析算法
 上下文无关文法(CFG)
  • 是用来描述一个编程语言的语法结构的文法
  • 和正则表达式一样，可以表示递归的规则，而且更强大
  • 是正则表达式的严格超集
 Chomsky语言层级
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 抽象语法树
![[语法树与抽象语法树.png]]
  • 比起语法树，省略了部分细节，带来了更好的语法抽象，对于后续编译阶段是一个更好的数据结构
  • 它反映了源码token序列的一个抽象，比语法树更高效
 歧义(Ambiguity)
  • 对于一个CFG，同样的输入可能有不同的解析 ![[语法树歧义.png]]
 解决方法
  • 消除歧义(Disambiguity rule)：不改变文法，列举所有可能造成歧义的情况并进行消除，不现实的
  • 文法重写：改变文法，进行同义转换：(添加优先级，添加关联性)
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![[消除歧义1.png]] ![[消除歧义2.png]] ![[消除歧义3.png]]
 语法分析算法(parsing)
 Top-Down(Leftmost) parsing
  • 本质上是一个图搜索问题，在树上搜索，查找能否获得一个与输入sentence匹配的路径
 回溯算法(Backtracking)
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mathnormal"},"ε")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"​")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"3.5037em"}},[s("span")])])])]),s("span",{class:"arraycolsep",style:{width:"0.5em"}})])])])])])])],-1),es=l(`
  • 要注意：将这两者进行改写后并不能保证改写后的文法是LL(1)，仍需要再进行验证
 递归下降
 输入
  • 非终止符号递归调用，终止符号匹配
int main(){
  Token token = getNextToken();
  S();/*S is the start symbol*/
  if(token!='$') throw error;
diff --git a/assets/1.html-cd53a16c.js b/assets/1.html-7f42b9fe.js
similarity index 90%
rename from assets/1.html-cd53a16c.js
rename to assets/1.html-7f42b9fe.js
index fa226b9d9..4b0bc60d4 100644
--- a/assets/1.html-cd53a16c.js
+++ b/assets/1.html-7f42b9fe.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as r,f as t}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const c={},h=t('
 香蕉 1
 标题 2
这里是内容。
 标题 3
这里是内容。
',5),d=[h];function n(i,o){return a(),r("div",null,d)}const f=e(c,[["render",n],["__file","1.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as r,f as t}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const c={},h=t('
 香蕉 1
 标题 2
这里是内容。
 标题 3
这里是内容。
',5),d=[h];function n(i,o){return a(),r("div",null,d)}const f=e(c,[["render",n],["__file","1.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
diff --git a/assets/1.html-2416d2fe.js b/assets/1.html-8d92ef9a.js
similarity index 90%
rename from assets/1.html-2416d2fe.js
rename to assets/1.html-8d92ef9a.js
index 3c0238b3f..60ea35a2b 100644
--- a/assets/1.html-2416d2fe.js
+++ b/assets/1.html-8d92ef9a.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as n,f as t}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const r={},h=t('
 Banana 1
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),n("div",null,i)}const f=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","1.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as n,f as t}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const r={},h=t('
 Banana 1
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),n("div",null,i)}const f=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","1.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
diff --git a/assets/2.html-488d8f8b.js b/assets/2.html-24f2a0a4.js
similarity index 92%
rename from assets/2.html-488d8f8b.js
rename to assets/2.html-24f2a0a4.js
index e19053616..04f626cbd 100644
--- a/assets/2.html-488d8f8b.js
+++ b/assets/2.html-24f2a0a4.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as r,e as d,a as e,b as a}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const o={},i=e("h1",{id:"apple-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#apple-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Apple 2")],-1),s=e("p",null,"A apple article being stared.",-1),c=e("h2",{id:"heading-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#heading-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Heading 2")],-1),h=e("p",null,"Here is the content.",-1),_=e("h3",{id:"heading-3",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#heading-3","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Heading 3")],-1),l=e("p",null,"Here is the content.",-1);function p(f,m){return n(),r("div",null,[i,s,d(" more "),c,h,_,l])}const x=t(o,[["render",p],["__file","2.html.vue"]]);export{x as default};
+import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as r,e as d,a as e,b as a}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const o={},i=e("h1",{id:"apple-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#apple-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Apple 2")],-1),s=e("p",null,"A apple article being stared.",-1),c=e("h2",{id:"heading-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#heading-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Heading 2")],-1),h=e("p",null,"Here is the content.",-1),_=e("h3",{id:"heading-3",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#heading-3","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Heading 3")],-1),l=e("p",null,"Here is the content.",-1);function p(f,m){return n(),r("div",null,[i,s,d(" more "),c,h,_,l])}const x=t(o,[["render",p],["__file","2.html.vue"]]);export{x as default};
diff --git a/assets/2.html-19370382.js b/assets/2.html-666fc187.js
similarity index 92%
rename from assets/2.html-19370382.js
rename to assets/2.html-666fc187.js
index 89c418bdf..daa3746c2 100644
--- a/assets/2.html-19370382.js
+++ b/assets/2.html-666fc187.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as n}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as t,c as r,e as d,a as e,b as a}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const o={},i=e("h1",{id:"banana-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#banana-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Banana 2")],-1),s=e("p",null,[a("A banana article being stared with number "),e("code",null,"10"),a(".")],-1),c=e("h2",{id:"heading-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#heading-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Heading 2")],-1),h=e("p",null,"Here is the content.",-1),_=e("h3",{id:"heading-3",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#heading-3","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Heading 3")],-1),l=e("p",null,"Here is the content.",-1);function u(m,f){return t(),r("div",null,[i,s,d(" more "),c,h,_,l])}const g=n(o,[["render",u],["__file","2.html.vue"]]);export{g as default};
+import{_ as n}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as t,c as r,e as d,a as e,b as a}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const o={},i=e("h1",{id:"banana-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#banana-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Banana 2")],-1),s=e("p",null,[a("A banana article being stared with number "),e("code",null,"10"),a(".")],-1),c=e("h2",{id:"heading-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#heading-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Heading 2")],-1),h=e("p",null,"Here is the content.",-1),_=e("h3",{id:"heading-3",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#heading-3","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Heading 3")],-1),l=e("p",null,"Here is the content.",-1);function u(m,f){return t(),r("div",null,[i,s,d(" more "),c,h,_,l])}const g=n(o,[["render",u],["__file","2.html.vue"]]);export{g as default};
diff --git a/assets/2.html-915d33a0.js b/assets/2.html-afc6b7a8.js
similarity index 92%
rename from assets/2.html-915d33a0.js
rename to assets/2.html-afc6b7a8.js
index 170dc8a79..d3ae1238a 100644
--- a/assets/2.html-915d33a0.js
+++ b/assets/2.html-afc6b7a8.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o,c as r,e as n,a as e,b as a}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const s={},c=e("h1",{id:"香蕉-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#香蕉-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" 香蕉 2")],-1),d=e("p",null,[a("一个被数字 "),e("code",null,"10"),a(" 星标了的香蕉文章。")],-1),_=e("h2",{id:"标题-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#标题-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" 标题 2")],-1),h=e("p",null,"这里是内容。",-1),i=e("h3",{id:"标题-3",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#标题-3","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" 标题 3")],-1),l=e("p",null,"这里是内容。",-1);function u(f,m){return o(),r("div",null,[c,d,n(" more "),_,h,i,l])}const b=t(s,[["render",u],["__file","2.html.vue"]]);export{b as default};
+import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o,c as r,e as n,a as e,b as a}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const s={},c=e("h1",{id:"香蕉-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#香蕉-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" 香蕉 2")],-1),d=e("p",null,[a("一个被数字 "),e("code",null,"10"),a(" 星标了的香蕉文章。")],-1),_=e("h2",{id:"标题-2",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#标题-2","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" 标题 2")],-1),h=e("p",null,"这里是内容。",-1),i=e("h3",{id:"标题-3",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#标题-3","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" 标题 3")],-1),l=e("p",null,"这里是内容。",-1);function u(f,m){return o(),r("div",null,[c,d,n(" more "),_,h,i,l])}const b=t(s,[["render",u],["__file","2.html.vue"]]);export{b as default};
diff --git a/assets/3.html-f650b539.js b/assets/3.html-479a173d.js
similarity index 90%
rename from assets/3.html-f650b539.js
rename to assets/3.html-479a173d.js
index ee254d095..165195666 100644
--- a/assets/3.html-f650b539.js
+++ b/assets/3.html-479a173d.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as r,f as t}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const c={},h=t('
 香蕉 3
 标题 2
这里是内容。
 标题 3
这里是内容。
',5),d=[h];function n(i,o){return a(),r("div",null,d)}const f=e(c,[["render",n],["__file","3.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as r,f as t}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const c={},h=t('
 香蕉 3
 标题 2
这里是内容。
 标题 3
这里是内容。
',5),d=[h];function n(i,o){return a(),r("div",null,d)}const f=e(c,[["render",n],["__file","3.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
diff --git a/assets/3.html-c006d8db.js b/assets/3.html-727ef523.js
similarity index 90%
rename from assets/3.html-c006d8db.js
rename to assets/3.html-727ef523.js
index 1cc39c2aa..72e5b41b4 100644
--- a/assets/3.html-c006d8db.js
+++ b/assets/3.html-727ef523.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as t,f as n}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const r={},h=n('
 Apple 3
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),t("div",null,i)}const l=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","3.html.vue"]]);export{l as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as t,f as n}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const r={},h=n('
 Apple 3
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),t("div",null,i)}const l=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","3.html.vue"]]);export{l as default};
diff --git a/assets/3.html-39cf9146.js b/assets/3.html-79c2e26f.js
similarity index 90%
rename from assets/3.html-39cf9146.js
rename to assets/3.html-79c2e26f.js
index 83808e26f..b55ab1f7a 100644
--- a/assets/3.html-39cf9146.js
+++ b/assets/3.html-79c2e26f.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as n,f as t}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const r={},h=t('
 Banana 3
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),n("div",null,i)}const f=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","3.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as n,f as t}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const r={},h=t('
 Banana 3
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),n("div",null,i)}const f=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","3.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
diff --git a/assets/4.html-b6ef9822.js b/assets/4.html-538c2896.js
similarity index 90%
rename from assets/4.html-b6ef9822.js
rename to assets/4.html-538c2896.js
index 4ccb0552a..0e0c66a37 100644
--- a/assets/4.html-b6ef9822.js
+++ b/assets/4.html-538c2896.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as r,f as t}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const c={},h=t('
 香蕉 4
 标题 2
这里是内容。
 标题 3
这里是内容。
',5),d=[h];function n(i,o){return a(),r("div",null,d)}const f=e(c,[["render",n],["__file","4.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as r,f as t}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const c={},h=t('
 香蕉 4
 标题 2
这里是内容。
 标题 3
这里是内容。
',5),d=[h];function n(i,o){return a(),r("div",null,d)}const f=e(c,[["render",n],["__file","4.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
diff --git a/assets/4.html-37c75e02.js b/assets/4.html-68f7b9c6.js
similarity index 90%
rename from assets/4.html-37c75e02.js
rename to assets/4.html-68f7b9c6.js
index c656fdb33..40f9e630d 100644
--- a/assets/4.html-37c75e02.js
+++ b/assets/4.html-68f7b9c6.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as t,f as n}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const r={},h=n('
 Apple 4
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),t("div",null,i)}const l=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","4.html.vue"]]);export{l as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as t,f as n}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const r={},h=n('
 Apple 4
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),t("div",null,i)}const l=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","4.html.vue"]]);export{l as default};
diff --git a/assets/4.html-09e424e6.js b/assets/4.html-a3ba8fe8.js
similarity index 90%
rename from assets/4.html-09e424e6.js
rename to assets/4.html-a3ba8fe8.js
index ddefb3bea..263fa8ceb 100644
--- a/assets/4.html-09e424e6.js
+++ b/assets/4.html-a3ba8fe8.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as n,f as t}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const r={},h=t('
 Banana 4
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),n("div",null,i)}const f=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","4.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as n,f as t}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const r={},h=t('
 Banana 4
 Heading 2
Here is the content.
 Heading 3
Here is the content.
',5),i=[h];function d(c,o){return a(),n("div",null,i)}const f=e(r,[["render",d],["__file","4.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
diff --git a/assets/404.html-211a4153.js b/assets/404.html-c419a746.js
similarity index 71%
rename from assets/404.html-211a4153.js
rename to assets/404.html-c419a746.js
index d7e117853..c1d6d4aa7 100644
--- a/assets/404.html-211a4153.js
+++ b/assets/404.html-c419a746.js
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as t,c}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const o={};function r(_,n){return t(),c("div")}const f=e(o,[["render",r],["__file","404.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as t,c}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const o={};function r(_,n){return t(),c("div")}const f=e(o,[["render",r],["__file","404.html.vue"]]);export{f as default};
diff --git "a/assets/Chapter0 \345\211\215\350\250\200.html-9276126a.js" "b/assets/Chapter0 \345\211\215\350\250\200.html-abfc2045.js"
similarity index 96%
rename from "assets/Chapter0 \345\211\215\350\250\200.html-9276126a.js"
rename to "assets/Chapter0 \345\211\215\350\250\200.html-abfc2045.js"
index f5d5968df..00770a337 100644
--- "a/assets/Chapter0 \345\211\215\350\250\200.html-9276126a.js"	
+++ "b/assets/Chapter0 \345\211\215\350\250\200.html-abfc2045.js"	
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as r,f as c}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const o={},t=c('
 前言
 写给华工软院学生
  1. 2021级编译原理考试难度较低，复习优先级低，不建议花太多时间准备。虽然根据老师不同(以徐老师为例)，可能上课的内容比较深入，让学生产生了这门科目难度很大的错觉。诚然要彻底理解编译原理需要花费大量的时间，但考试内容基本都是简单的算法，只要把几个重要算法理解了，都不需要把每个概念搞的非常清楚，考试都基本不会出问题。
  2. 编译原理博大精深，作为计算机底层设计的一部分，课堂上教授的内容少之又少，甚至可以说和一些工程实践是严重脱钩的，比如上课会花很大的精力教你自动机和自动机的相关算法，但是在实际工程运用中，我们有诸如 lexer 的工具帮我们完成这个工作，而且如果是编写一个简单的词法分析器，甚至只需要简单的 最长字串匹配 就能实现一个词法分析。仅凭课堂上学的内容，大概率连怎么写一个 TinyC(精简版的C语言) 都不知道。感兴趣的同学可以认真钻研一番，这对编程能力会有极大的提高。
 写给全体
1.本系列笔记是对自己大学生活的记录，不保证能记录下所有知识点，仅供同学们学习参考。
',5),d=[t];function i(h,n){return a(),r("div",null,d)}const _=e(o,[["render",i],["__file","Chapter0 前言.html.vue"]]);export{_ as default};
+import{_ as e}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as a,c as r,f as c}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const o={},t=c('
 前言
 写给华工软院学生
  1. 2021级编译原理考试难度较低，复习优先级低，不建议花太多时间准备。虽然根据老师不同(以徐老师为例)，可能上课的内容比较深入，让学生产生了这门科目难度很大的错觉。诚然要彻底理解编译原理需要花费大量的时间，但考试内容基本都是简单的算法，只要把几个重要算法理解了，都不需要把每个概念搞的非常清楚，考试都基本不会出问题。
  2. 编译原理博大精深，作为计算机底层设计的一部分，课堂上教授的内容少之又少，甚至可以说和一些工程实践是严重脱钩的，比如上课会花很大的精力教你自动机和自动机的相关算法，但是在实际工程运用中，我们有诸如 lexer 的工具帮我们完成这个工作，而且如果是编写一个简单的词法分析器，甚至只需要简单的 最长字串匹配 就能实现一个词法分析。仅凭课堂上学的内容，大概率连怎么写一个 TinyC(精简版的C语言) 都不知道。感兴趣的同学可以认真钻研一番，这对编程能力会有极大的提高。
 写给全体
1.本系列笔记是对自己大学生活的记录，不保证能记录下所有知识点，仅供同学们学习参考。
',5),d=[t];function i(h,n){return a(),r("div",null,d)}const _=e(o,[["render",i],["__file","Chapter0 前言.html.vue"]]);export{_ as default};
diff --git "a/assets/Chapter1 \347\274\226\350\257\221\345\231\250\347\273\204\346\210\220.html-6396b848.js" "b/assets/Chapter1 \347\274\226\350\257\221\345\231\250\347\273\204\346\210\220.html-abab28d5.js"
similarity index 98%
rename from "assets/Chapter1 \347\274\226\350\257\221\345\231\250\347\273\204\346\210\220.html-6396b848.js"
rename to "assets/Chapter1 \347\274\226\350\257\221\345\231\250\347\273\204\346\210\220.html-abab28d5.js"
index a09afbf78..7b53a96e5 100644
--- "a/assets/Chapter1 \347\274\226\350\257\221\345\231\250\347\273\204\346\210\220.html-6396b848.js"	
+++ "b/assets/Chapter1 \347\274\226\350\257\221\345\231\250\347\273\204\346\210\220.html-abab28d5.js"	
@@ -1 +1 @@
-import{_ as s}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as e,f as l,a}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const m={},t=l('
 Chapter1 编译器组成
 编译器的结构
  • 词法分析Lexical analysis (Scanning)
  • 语法分析Syntax analysis (Parsing)
  • 语义分析 Semantic analysis
相关信息
以上三步的目的是通过分析输入代码，生成能被统一处理的中间层代码，亦即编译器前端（front-end）
  • 中间代码生成 IR Generation
  • 中间代码优化 IR Optimization
  • 最终代码生成 Generation
  • 最终代码优化 Optimization
',5),r=a("p",{class:"katex-block"},[a("span",{class:"katex-display"},[a("span",{class:"katex"},[a("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[a("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML",display:"block"},[a("semantics",null,[a("mrow",null,[a("mi",null,"C"),a("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),a("mtext",null,"源代码"),a("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")"),a("mo",null,"→"),a("mi",null,"T"),a("mi",null,"A"),a("mi",null,"C"),a("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),a("mi",null,"T"),a("mi",null,"h"),a("mi",null,"r"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"A"),a("mi",null,"d"),a("mi",null,"d"),a("mi",null,"r"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"s"),a("mi",null,"s"),a("mi",null,"C"),a("mi",null,"o"),a("mi",null,"d"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")"),a("mtext",null,"中间（"),a("mi",null,"i"),a("mi",null,"n"),a("mi",null,"t"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"r"),a("mi",null,"m"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"d"),a("mi",null,"i"),a("mi",null,"a"),a("mi",null,"t"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mtext",null,"）码"),a("mo",null,"→"),a("mtext",null,"机器码")]),a("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"}," C(源代码)\\rightarrow TAC(Three Address Code)中间（intermediate）码\\rightarrow 机器码 ")])])]),a("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[a("span",{class:"base"},[a("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07153em"}},"C"),a("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),a("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"源代码"),a("span",{class:"mclose"},")"),a("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),a("span",{class:"mrel"},"→"),a("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),a("span",{class:"base"},[a("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.13889em"}},"T"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"A"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07153em"}},"C"),a("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.13889em"}},"T"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"h"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ree"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"A"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"dd"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ress"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07153em"}},"C"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"o"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"d"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),a("span",{class:"mclose"},")"),a("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"中间（"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"in"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.02778em"}},"er"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"m"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"d"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ia"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),a("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"）码"),a("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),a("span",{class:"mrel"},"→"),a("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),a("span",{class:"base"},[a("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6833em"}}),a("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"机器码")])])])])],-1),i=l('
 词法分析
  • 本质上就是为了输出一个合法的token序列，每个token就是一个关键词或者一个关键词+词素(lexeme)的组合如$$\\begin{array}{c}T_While\\quad 关键词\\ T_Identifier ;;x \\quad 关键词+词素\\end{array}$$
 语法分析
  • 就是将一个token序列表示为一棵语法树
 语义分析
  • 就是将语法分析得到的语法树转化为一个带注解（annotated）的语法树
 中间代码生成
  • 从语法树生成通用的中间代码
',8),c=[t,r,i];function o(h,d){return n(),e("div",null,c)}const g=s(m,[["render",o],["__file","Chapter1 编译器组成.html.vue"]]);export{g as default};
+import{_ as s}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as e,f as l,a}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const m={},t=l('
 Chapter1 编译器组成
 编译器的结构
  • 词法分析Lexical analysis (Scanning)
  • 语法分析Syntax analysis (Parsing)
  • 语义分析 Semantic analysis
相关信息
以上三步的目的是通过分析输入代码，生成能被统一处理的中间层代码，亦即编译器前端（front-end）
  • 中间代码生成 IR Generation
  • 中间代码优化 IR Optimization
  • 最终代码生成 Generation
  • 最终代码优化 Optimization
',5),r=a("p",{class:"katex-block"},[a("span",{class:"katex-display"},[a("span",{class:"katex"},[a("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[a("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML",display:"block"},[a("semantics",null,[a("mrow",null,[a("mi",null,"C"),a("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),a("mtext",null,"源代码"),a("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")"),a("mo",null,"→"),a("mi",null,"T"),a("mi",null,"A"),a("mi",null,"C"),a("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),a("mi",null,"T"),a("mi",null,"h"),a("mi",null,"r"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"A"),a("mi",null,"d"),a("mi",null,"d"),a("mi",null,"r"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"s"),a("mi",null,"s"),a("mi",null,"C"),a("mi",null,"o"),a("mi",null,"d"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")"),a("mtext",null,"中间（"),a("mi",null,"i"),a("mi",null,"n"),a("mi",null,"t"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"r"),a("mi",null,"m"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mi",null,"d"),a("mi",null,"i"),a("mi",null,"a"),a("mi",null,"t"),a("mi",null,"e"),a("mtext",null,"）码"),a("mo",null,"→"),a("mtext",null,"机器码")]),a("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"}," C(源代码)\\rightarrow TAC(Three Address Code)中间（intermediate）码\\rightarrow 机器码 ")])])]),a("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[a("span",{class:"base"},[a("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07153em"}},"C"),a("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),a("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"源代码"),a("span",{class:"mclose"},")"),a("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),a("span",{class:"mrel"},"→"),a("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),a("span",{class:"base"},[a("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.13889em"}},"T"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"A"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07153em"}},"C"),a("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.13889em"}},"T"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"h"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ree"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"A"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"dd"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ress"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07153em"}},"C"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"o"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"d"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),a("span",{class:"mclose"},")"),a("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"中间（"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"in"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.02778em"}},"er"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"m"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"d"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ia"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t"),a("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),a("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"）码"),a("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),a("span",{class:"mrel"},"→"),a("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),a("span",{class:"base"},[a("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6833em"}}),a("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"机器码")])])])])],-1),i=l('
 词法分析
  • 本质上就是为了输出一个合法的token序列，每个token就是一个关键词或者一个关键词+词素(lexeme)的组合如$$\\begin{array}{c}T_While\\quad 关键词\\ T_Identifier ;;x \\quad 关键词+词素\\end{array}$$
 语法分析
  • 就是将一个token序列表示为一棵语法树
 语义分析
  • 就是将语法分析得到的语法树转化为一个带注解（annotated）的语法树
 中间代码生成
  • 从语法树生成通用的中间代码
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diff --git "a/assets/Chapter2 \350\257\215\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-132355fc.js" "b/assets/Chapter2 \350\257\215\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-cb683558.js"
similarity index 99%
rename from "assets/Chapter2 \350\257\215\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-132355fc.js"
rename to "assets/Chapter2 \350\257\215\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-cb683558.js"
index b04ac1b5e..a81be828f 100644
--- "a/assets/Chapter2 \350\257\215\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-132355fc.js"	
+++ "b/assets/Chapter2 \350\257\215\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-cb683558.js"	
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import{_ as n}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as t,c as m,f as l,a as s,b as a}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const e="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/扫描过程图示.png",i="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/子表达式NFA1.png",r="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/子表达式NFA3.png",p="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/子表达式NFA4.png",c="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/子表达式NFA5.png",h="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/NFA2DFA.png",o="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/NFA2DFA2.png",u="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/最小化DFA.png",g={},d=l(`
 Chapter2 词法分析
 大纲
  • 扫描过程 Scanning Process
  • 正则表达式 Regular Expressions
  • 有限自动机 Finite Automata(NFA(nondeterministic 非确定性有限自动机) and DFA(deterministic 确定性))
  • RE转换NFA(McNaughton-Yamda-Thompson algorithm)
  • NFA 转换DFA(子集算法 Subset construction Algorithm)
  • 最小化DFA(State-Minimization Algorithm)
 扫描过程
 while(137<n) 
+import{_ as n}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as t,c as m,f as l,a as s,b as a}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const e="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/扫描过程图示.png",i="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/子表达式NFA1.png",r="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/子表达式NFA3.png",p="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/子表达式NFA4.png",c="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/子表达式NFA5.png",h="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/NFA2DFA.png",o="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/NFA2DFA2.png",u="/assets/images/编译原理/词法分析/最小化DFA.png",g={},d=l(`
 Chapter2 词法分析
 大纲
  • 扫描过程 Scanning Process
  • 正则表达式 Regular Expressions
  • 有限自动机 Finite Automata(NFA(nondeterministic 非确定性有限自动机) and DFA(deterministic 确定性))
  • RE转换NFA(McNaughton-Yamda-Thompson algorithm)
  • NFA 转换DFA(子集算法 Subset construction Algorithm)
  • 最小化DFA(State-Minimization Algorithm)
 扫描过程
 while(137<n) 
   ++i;
 
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 正则表达式
 形式化语言
 字符表（alphabet）
  • 是指一个由符号（字符、数字、特殊符号）组成的有限集，例如$$\\sum={0,1},A={a,b,c}$$
 字符串（string）
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 DFA的执行
int kTransitionTable[kNumStates][kNumSymbols]={
 {2,1,3,0,0,3}
diff --git "a/assets/Chapter3 \350\257\255\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-95301033.js" "b/assets/Chapter3 \350\257\255\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-67b15795.js"
similarity index 99%
rename from "assets/Chapter3 \350\257\255\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-95301033.js"
rename to "assets/Chapter3 \350\257\255\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-67b15795.js"
index f7f764199..09dfad50c 100644
--- "a/assets/Chapter3 \350\257\255\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-95301033.js"	
+++ "b/assets/Chapter3 \350\257\255\346\263\225\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-67b15795.js"	
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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 大纲
  • 语法分析的形式化——上下文无关文法
  • 语法分析算法
 上下文无关文法(CFG)
  • 是用来描述一个编程语言的语法结构的文法
  • 和正则表达式一样，可以表示递归的规则，而且更强大
  • 是正则表达式的严格超集
 Chomsky语言层级
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 抽象语法树
![[语法树与抽象语法树.png]]
  • 比起语法树，省略了部分细节，带来了更好的语法抽象，对于后续编译阶段是一个更好的数据结构
  • 它反映了源码token序列的一个抽象，比语法树更高效
 歧义(Ambiguity)
  • 对于一个CFG，同样的输入可能有不同的解析 ![[语法树歧义.png]]
 解决方法
  • 消除歧义(Disambiguity rule)：不改变文法，列举所有可能造成歧义的情况并进行消除，不现实的
  • 文法重写：改变文法，进行同义转换：(添加优先级，添加关联性)
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![[消除歧义1.png]] ![[消除歧义2.png]] ![[消除歧义3.png]]
 语法分析算法(parsing)
 Top-Down(Leftmost) parsing
  • 本质上是一个图搜索问题，在树上搜索，查找能否获得一个与输入sentence匹配的路径
 回溯算法(Backtracking)
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  • 要注意：将这两者进行改写后并不能保证改写后的文法是LL(1)，仍需要再进行验证
 递归下降
 输入
  • 非终止符号递归调用，终止符号匹配
int main(){
+import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as m,a as s,b as a,f as l}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const e={},i=s("h1",{id:"chapter3-语法分析",tabindex:"-1"},[s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#chapter3-语法分析","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),a(" Chapter3 语法分析")],-1),r=s("ul",null,[s("li",null,[a("正则表达式的能力有限，无法分析具体的语法细节(例如嵌套、"),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"a"),s("mi",null,"n")]),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"b"),s("mi",null,"n")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"a^nb^n")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"a"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6644em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"n")])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"b"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6644em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"n")])])])])])])])])])]),a("的n值)，与其等价的有穷自动机同理，因此引入了下推自动机和上下文有关、无关文法")])],-1),p=l('
 大纲
  • 语法分析的形式化——上下文无关文法
  • 语法分析算法
 上下文无关文法(CFG)
  • 是用来描述一个编程语言的语法结构的文法
  • 和正则表达式一样，可以表示递归的规则，而且更强大
  • 是正则表达式的严格超集
 Chomsky语言层级
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 抽象语法树
![[语法树与抽象语法树.png]]
  • 比起语法树，省略了部分细节，带来了更好的语法抽象，对于后续编译阶段是一个更好的数据结构
  • 它反映了源码token序列的一个抽象，比语法树更高效
 歧义(Ambiguity)
  • 对于一个CFG，同样的输入可能有不同的解析 ![[语法树歧义.png]]
 解决方法
  • 消除歧义(Disambiguity rule)：不改变文法，列举所有可能造成歧义的情况并进行消除，不现实的
  • 文法重写：改变文法，进行同义转换：(添加优先级，添加关联性)
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![[消除歧义1.png]] ![[消除歧义2.png]] ![[消除歧义3.png]]
 语法分析算法(parsing)
 Top-Down(Leftmost) parsing
  • 本质上是一个图搜索问题，在树上搜索，查找能否获得一个与输入sentence匹配的路径
 回溯算法(Backtracking)
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  • 要注意：将这两者进行改写后并不能保证改写后的文法是LL(1)，仍需要再进行验证
 递归下降
 输入
  • 非终止符号递归调用，终止符号匹配
int main(){
  Token token = getNextToken();
  S();/*S is the start symbol*/
  if(token!='$') throw error;
diff --git "a/assets/Chapter4 \350\257\255\344\271\211\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-ca76b0c6.js" "b/assets/Chapter4 \350\257\255\344\271\211\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-b0e59602.js"
similarity index 99%
rename from "assets/Chapter4 \350\257\255\344\271\211\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-ca76b0c6.js"
rename to "assets/Chapter4 \350\257\255\344\271\211\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-b0e59602.js"
index 1d9380e53..e6ebc800e 100644
--- "a/assets/Chapter4 \350\257\255\344\271\211\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-ca76b0c6.js"	
+++ "b/assets/Chapter4 \350\257\255\344\271\211\345\210\206\346\236\220.html-b0e59602.js"	
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as i,f as l,a as s,b as a}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const e={},m=l('
 Chapter4 语义分析
 目录
 介绍
  • 语义分析核心是类型检查(Type check)和作用域检查(Scope check)
  • 语义通过属性的值来刻画
  • 通过一系列属性等式来进行计算，按照一定的顺序进行计算
 Recursive AST Walk
  • 一种语义分析的实现方法，本书暂时不表
 Attribute Grammars
 语法制导的语法分析(Syntax-Directed Semantics Analysis )
  • 又称SDS、SDT、SDD
  • 属性是附着在文法符号上的
 属性(Attribute)
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 属性文法
  • 通常是以下格式：
Grammar RuleSemantic Rules
Rule1Associated attribute equations
...
Rule nAssociated attribute equations
 无符号数和数字属性
![[属性示意图.png]] ![[无符号数和数字属性.png]]
 变量声明和数据类型属性
![[变量声明和数据类型属性1.png]] ![[变量声明和数据类型属性2.png]]
 类型检查与表达式的类型属性
![[类型检查与表达式的类型属性.png]]
 属性计算
  • 属性计算可以在分析树构建完成后进行，也可以在分析的过程中同时进行。
 属性计算的算法
  1. 依赖图的生成和计算顺序的确定
  • 每一个属性等式对应一个依赖图(有向图，边代表属性值计算的计算依赖顺序)
  • 多个属性等式构成一个组合依赖图，通过这个附着在抽象语法树或者分析树的依赖图可以对计算次序进行计算
  1. 综合(Synthesized)属性和继承(Inherited)属性
  • 综合属性：属性由子节点属性决定(如果所有属性都是综合属性，那这个文法是一个综合属性文法S-attributed grammar)，在bottom-up的过程中，可以边分析边计算属性(从叶子节点生成父节点)
  • 继承属性：属性由兄弟节点或兄弟和子节点属性决定(不是综合就是继承)
  1. 在分析的过程中计算属性
  • 属性计算的困难： 
    • 属性语法是一种抽象规范，属性方程可以按任意顺序编写而不影响其有效性，它们不指定属性计算的顺序
    • 问题主要在于找到属性计算和分配的顺序，以确保每次计算中使用的所有属性值在执行每次计算时都可用
    • 属性方程本身表明属性计算的顺序约束。 我们将使用依赖图来明确顺序约束
 依赖图和计算顺序
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![[综合属性定义.png]]
 综合属性文法(S-attributed grammar)
  • 如果文法中所有属性都是综合属性，那么这就是一个综合属性文法。
  • 对综合属性的计算可以在分析树的基础上，通过一次自顶向下或者后续遍历完成计算
procedure PostEval(T:treenode)
+import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as n,c as i,f as l,a as s,b as a}from"./app-c6e156cf.js";const e={},m=l('
 Chapter4 语义分析
 目录
 介绍
  • 语义分析核心是类型检查(Type check)和作用域检查(Scope check)
  • 语义通过属性的值来刻画
  • 通过一系列属性等式来进行计算，按照一定的顺序进行计算
 Recursive AST Walk
  • 一种语义分析的实现方法，本书暂时不表
 Attribute Grammars
 语法制导的语法分析(Syntax-Directed Semantics Analysis )
  • 又称SDS、SDT、SDD
  • 属性是附着在文法符号上的
 属性(Attribute)
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 属性文法
  • 通常是以下格式：
Grammar RuleSemantic Rules
Rule1Associated attribute equations
...
Rule nAssociated attribute equations
 无符号数和数字属性
![[属性示意图.png]] ![[无符号数和数字属性.png]]
 变量声明和数据类型属性
![[变量声明和数据类型属性1.png]] ![[变量声明和数据类型属性2.png]]
 类型检查与表达式的类型属性
![[类型检查与表达式的类型属性.png]]
 属性计算
  • 属性计算可以在分析树构建完成后进行，也可以在分析的过程中同时进行。
 属性计算的算法
  1. 依赖图的生成和计算顺序的确定
  • 每一个属性等式对应一个依赖图(有向图，边代表属性值计算的计算依赖顺序)
  • 多个属性等式构成一个组合依赖图，通过这个附着在抽象语法树或者分析树的依赖图可以对计算次序进行计算
  1. 综合(Synthesized)属性和继承(Inherited)属性
  • 综合属性：属性由子节点属性决定(如果所有属性都是综合属性，那这个文法是一个综合属性文法S-attributed grammar)，在bottom-up的过程中，可以边分析边计算属性(从叶子节点生成父节点)
  • 继承属性：属性由兄弟节点或兄弟和子节点属性决定(不是综合就是继承)
  1. 在分析的过程中计算属性
  • 属性计算的困难： 
    • 属性语法是一种抽象规范，属性方程可以按任意顺序编写而不影响其有效性，它们不指定属性计算的顺序
    • 问题主要在于找到属性计算和分配的顺序，以确保每次计算中使用的所有属性值在执行每次计算时都可用
    • 属性方程本身表明属性计算的顺序约束。 我们将使用依赖图来明确顺序约束
 依赖图和计算顺序
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![[综合属性定义.png]]
 综合属性文法(S-attributed grammar)
  • 如果文法中所有属性都是综合属性，那么这就是一个综合属性文法。
  • 对综合属性的计算可以在分析树的基础上，通过一次自顶向下或者后续遍历完成计算
procedure PostEval(T:treenode)
 begin 
  for each child C of T do 
  PostEval(C); 
diff --git "a/assets/Chapter5 \344\273\243\347\240\201\347\224\237\346\210\220.html-3b3704dc.js" "b/assets/Chapter5 \344\273\243\347\240\201\347\224\237\346\210\220.html-bfb40f25.js"
similarity index 99%
rename from "assets/Chapter5 \344\273\243\347\240\201\347\224\237\346\210\220.html-3b3704dc.js"
rename to "assets/Chapter5 \344\273\243\347\240\201\347\224\237\346\210\220.html-bfb40f25.js"
index 478f4c45a..4b5fe14bc 100644
--- "a/assets/Chapter5 \344\273\243\347\240\201\347\224\237\346\210\220.html-3b3704dc.js"	
+++ "b/assets/Chapter5 \344\273\243\347\240\201\347\224\237\346\210\220.html-bfb40f25.js"	
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import{_ as t}from"./plugin-vue_export-helper-c27b6911.js";import{o as e,c as n,f as l,a as s,b as a}from"./app-a9076d6c.js";const m={},p=l('
 Chapter5 代码生成
 介绍
  • 代码生成取决于：源代码、目标系统体系结构、运行时环境
  • 代码生成可以被划分为三步：
  1. 生成中间代码(IR Iermediate code码)
  2. 生成某种汇编形式的代码，而不是真正的可执行代码
  3. 优化目标代码
 中间代码
  • 以三地址码(TAC Three Address code)为例
 生成三地址码
 运算
![[TAC Code1.png]]
 变量赋值
![[TAC Instruction.png]]
 布尔值
![[TAC Code2.png]]
 流程控制语句
![[TAC Code3.png]] ![[TAC Code4.png]]
 三地址码的实现
  • 有四元组和三元组实现，一般都用四元组实现，因为利于后面进行进一步的优化
 四元组实现
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 区别
  • 三元组比较高效，因为空间占用减少了，并且编译器不需要为临时变量生成名称
  • 三元组使用指令索引来表示临时值，那么它们的位置的任何移动都变得困难。 四元组更适合优化
 生成三地址码的细节
 综合属性
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 Chapter5 代码生成
 介绍
  • 代码生成取决于：源代码、目标系统体系结构、运行时环境
  • 代码生成可以被划分为三步：
  1. 生成中间代码(IR Iermediate code码)
  2. 生成某种汇编形式的代码，而不是真正的可执行代码
  3. 优化目标代码
 中间代码
  • 以三地址码(TAC Three Address code)为例
 生成三地址码
 运算
![[TAC Code1.png]]
 变量赋值
![[TAC Instruction.png]]
 布尔值
![[TAC Code2.png]]
 流程控制语句
![[TAC Code3.png]] ![[TAC Code4.png]]
 三地址码的实现
  • 有四元组和三元组实现，一般都用四元组实现，因为利于后面进行进一步的优化
 四元组实现
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 区别
  • 三元组比较高效，因为空间占用减少了，并且编译器不需要为临时变量生成名称
  • 三元组使用指令索引来表示临时值，那么它们的位置的任何移动都变得困难。 四元组更适合优化
 生成三地址码的细节
 综合属性
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diff --git a/assets/VuePlayground-8bef47e3.js b/assets/VuePlayground-735d6a75.js
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rename from assets/VuePlayground-8bef47e3.js
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index 6aae7f07c..3d762d641 100644
--- a/assets/VuePlayground-8bef47e3.js
+++ b/assets/VuePlayground-735d6a75.js
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diff --git a/assets/app-a9076d6c.js b/assets/app-c6e156cf.js
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rename from assets/app-a9076d6c.js
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