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@substrate/api-sidecar

REST service that makes it easy to interact with blockchain nodes built using Substrate's FRAME framework.

npm Github Actions GPL-3.0-or-later



Note

v1.0.0 was released on 2020-10-23. This major release introduced several renamed endpoints as breaking changes. It is important that users complete the transition to the new endpoints ASAP so they are ready for any subsequent emergency updates. Please visit the MIGRATION_GUIDE to learn more.

Prerequisites

This service requires Node versions 14 or higher.

Compatibility:

Node Version Stablility
v14.x.x Stable
v16.x.x Stable
v17.x.x Not Stable
v18.x.x Pending

NOTE: Node LTS (long term support) versions start with an even number, and odd number versions are subject to a 6 month testing period with active support before they are unsupported. It is recommended to use sidecar with a stable actively maintained version of node.js.

Table of contents

NPM package installation and usage

Global installation

Install the service globally:

npm install -g @substrate/api-sidecar
# OR
yarn global add @substrate/api-sidecar

Run the service from any directory on your machine:

substrate-api-sidecar

To check your version you may append the --version flag to substrate-api-sidecar.

Local installation

Install the service locally:

npm install @substrate/api-sidecar
# OR
yarn add @substrate/api-sidecar

Run the service from within the local directory:

node_modules/.bin/substrate-api-sidecar

Finishing up

Jump to the configuration section for more details on connecting to a node.

Click here for full endpoint docs.

In the full endpoints doc, you will also find the following trace related endpoints :

  • /experimental/blocks/{blockId}/traces/operations?actions=false
  • /experimental/blocks/head/traces/operations?actions=false
  • /experimental/blocks/{blockId}/traces
  • /experimental/blocks/head/traces

To have access to these endpoints you need to :

  1. Run your node with the flag —unsafe-rpc-external
  2. Check in sidecar if BlocksTrace controller is active for the chain you are running.

Currently BlocksTrace controller is active in Polkadot and Kusama.

Source code installation and usage

Quick install

Simply run yarn.

Rust development installation

If you are looking to hack on the calc Rust crate make sure your machine has an up-to-date version of rustup installed to manage Rust dependencies.

Install wasm-pack if your machine does not already have it:

cargo install wasm-pack

Use yarn to do the remaining setup:

yarn

Running

# For live reload in development
yarn dev

# To build and run
yarn build
yarn start

Jump to the configuration section for more details on connecting to a node.

Configuration

To use a specific env profile (here for instance a profile called 'env.sample'):

NODE_ENV=sample yarn start

For more information on our configuration manager visit its readme here. See Specs.ts to view the env configuration spec.

Express server

  • SAS_EXPRESS_BIND_HOST: address on which the server will be listening, defaults to 127.0.0.1.
  • SAS_EXPRESS_PORT: port on which the server will be listening, defaults to 8080.
  • SAS_EXPRESS_LOG_MODE: enable console logging of "all" HTTP requests, only "errors", or nothing by setting it to anything else. LOG_MODE defaults to only "errors".

Substrate node

  • SAS_SUBSTRATE_WS_URL: WebSocket URL to which the RPC proxy will attempt to connect to, defaults to ws://127.0.0.1:9944.

Custom substrate types

Some chains require custom type definitions in order for Sidecar to know how to decode the data retrieved from the node. Sidecar affords environment variables which allow the user to specify an absolute path to a JSON file that contains type definitions in the corresponding formats. Consult polkadot-js/api for more info on the type formats (see RegisteredTypes).

  • SAS_SUBSTRATE_TYPES_BUNDLE: a bundle of types with versioning info, type aliases, derives, and rpc definitions. Format: OverrideBundleType (see typesBundle).
  • SAS_SUBSTRATE_TYPES_CHAIN: type definitions keyed by chainName. Format: Record<string, RegistryTypes> (see typesChain).
  • SAS_SUBSTRATE_TYPES_SPEC: type definitions keyed by specName. Format: Record<string, RegistryTypes> (see typesSpec).
  • SAS_SUBSTRATE_TYPES: type definitions and overrides, not keyed. Format: RegistryTypes (see types).

You can read more about defining types for polkadot-js here.

Connecting a modified node template

Polkadot-js can recognize the standard node template and inject the correct types, but if you have modified the name of your chain in the node template you will need to add the types manually in a JSON types file like so:

// my-chains-types.json
{
  "Address": "AccountId",
  "LookupSource": "AccountId"
}

and then set the enviroment variable to point to your definitions:

export SAS_SUBSTRATE_TYPES=/path/to/my-chains-types.json

Logging

  • SAS_LOG_LEVEL: the lowest priority log level to surface, defaults to info. Tip: set to http to see all HTTP requests.
  • SAS_LOG_JSON: wether or not to have logs formatted as JSON, defaults to false. Useful when using stdout to programmatically process Sidecar log data.
  • SAS_LOG_FILTER_RPC: wether or not to filter polkadot-js API-WS RPC logging, defaults to false.
  • SAS_LOG_STRIP_ANSI: wether or not to strip ANSI characters from logs, defaults to false. Useful when logging RPC calls with JSON written to transports.

Log levels

Log levels in order of decreasing importance are: error, warn, info, http, verbose, debug, silly.

http status code range log level
code < 400 http
400 <= code < 500 warn
500 < code error

RPC logging

If looking to track raw RPC requests/responses, one can use yarn start:log-rpc to turn on polkadot-js's logging. It is recommended to also set SAS_LOG_STRIP_ANSI=true to increase the readability of the logging stream.

N.B. If running yarn start:log-rpc, the NODE_ENV will be set to test. In order still run your .env file you can symlink it with .env.test. For example you could run ln -s .env.myEnv .env.test && yarn start:log-rpc to use .env.myEnv to set ENV variables. (see linux commands ln and unlink for more info.)

Debugging fee and payout calculations

It is possible to get more information about the fee and payout calculation process logged to the console. Because this fee calculation happens in the statically compiled web assembly part a re-compile with the proper environment variable set is necessary:

CALC_DEBUG=1 sh calc/build.sh

Available endpoints

Click here for full endpoint docs.

Chain integration guide

Click here for chain integration guide.)

Docker

With each release, the maintainers publish a docker image to dockerhub at parity/substrate-api-sidecar

Pull the latest release

docker pull docker.io/parity/substrate-api-sidecar:latest

The specific image tag matches the release version.

Or build from source

yarn build:docker

Run

# For default use run:
docker run --rm -it --read-only -p 8080:8080 substrate-api-sidecar

# Or if you want to use environment variables set in `.env.docker`, run:
docker run --rm -it --read-only --env-file .env.docker -p 8080:8080 substrate-api-sidecar

NOTE: While you could omit the --read-only flag, it is strongly recommended for containers used in production.

then you can test with:

curl -s http://0.0.0.0:8080/blocks/head | jq

N.B. The docker flow presented here is just a sample to help get started. Modifications may be necessary for secure usage.

Contribute

Need help or want to contribute ideas or code? Head over to our CONTRIBUTING doc for more information.

Notes for maintainers

Commits

All the commits in this repo follow the Conventional Commits spec. When merging a PR, make sure 1) to use squash merge and 2) that the title of the PR follows the Conventional Commits spec.

Updating polkadot-js dependencies

  1. Every Monday the polkadot-js ecosystem will usually come out with a new release. It's important that we keep up, and read the release notes for any breaking changes or high priority updates. In order to update all the dependencies and resolutions run yarn update-pjs-deps.

  2. Ensure everything is up to date and working by running the following:

    yarn
yarn dedupe
yarn build
yarn lint
yarn test
yarn test:init-e2e-tests

  3. Commit the dependency updates with a name like fix(deps): update pjs api (title depending on what got updated, see commit history for other examples of this), and wait to get it merged.

  4. Follow RELEASE.md next if you're working through a full sidecar release. This will involve creating a separate PR where the changelog and versions are bumped.

Hardware requirements

Disk Space

Sidecar is a stateless program and thus should not use any disk space.

Memory

The requirements follow the default of node.js processes which is an upper bound in HEAP memory of a little less than 2GB thus 4GB of memory should be sufficient.

Running sidecar and a node

Please note that if you run sidecar next to a substrate node in a single machine then your system specifications should improve significantly.

  • Our official specifications related to validator nodes can be found in the polkadot wiki page.
  • Regarding archive nodes :
    • again as mentioned in the polkadot wiki page, the space needed from an archive node depends on which block we are currently on (of the specific chain we are referring to).
    • there are no other hardware requirements for an archive node since it is not time critical (archive nodes do not participate in the consensus).

Benchmarks

During the benchmarks we performed, we concluded that sidecar would use a max of 1.1GB of RSS memory.

The benchmarks were:

  • using 4 threads over 12 open http connections and
  • were overloading the cache with every runtime possible on polkadot.

Hardware specs in which the benchmarks were performed:

Machine type:
n2-standard-4 (4 vCPUs, 16 GB memory)

CPU Platform:
Intel Cascade Lake

Hard-Disk:
500GB