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DOM vs. Canvas _ kirupa.com (2022_10_11 11_44_00).html
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DOM vs. Canvas _ kirupa.com (2022_10_11 11_44_00).html
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<!DOCTYPE html> <html class=kirupa_blue lang=en style><!--
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url: https://www.kirupa.com/html5/dom_vs_canvas.htm
saved date: Tue Oct 11 2022 11:44:00 GMT+0800 (新加坡标准时间)
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<meta name=author content="Kirupa Chinnathambi">
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<h3>Canvas Topics</h3>
<ul class=articleList>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/dom_vs_canvas.htm style=border-color:var(--primary)>DOM vs. Canvas</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/getting_started_canvas.htm>Getting Started with the Canvas</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/drawing_basics_canvas.htm>Drawing Basics / Lines</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/drawing_curves.htm>Drawing Curves</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/drawing_multiple_things.htm>Drawing Multiple Things</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/drawing_rectangles_squares_canvas.htm>Drawing Rectangles (and Squares)</a>
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<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/drawing_triangles_on_the_canvas.htm>Drawing Triangles</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/drawing_circles_canvas.htm>Drawing Circles</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/modifying_how_corners_look.htm>Modifying How Your Corners Look</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/working_with_colors.htm>Working with Colors</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/drawing_text.htm>Drawing Text</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/drawing_images.htm>Drawing Images</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/canvas_transformations.htm>Canvas Transformations</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/math/equilateral_triangles.htm>A Deeper Look at Equilateral Triangles</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/from_pixels_to_objects.htm>From Pixels to Objects</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/animating_with_requestAnimationFrame.htm>Animating with
requestAnimationFrame</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/creating_animations_canvas.htm>Creating Animations on the Canvas</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/animating_many_things_on_a_canvas.htm>Animating Many Things on the
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<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/creating_motion_trails.htm>Creating Motion Trails</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/sprite_animations_canvas.htm>Creating Sprite Animations</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/working_with_the_mouse.htm>Working With the Mouse</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/follow_mouse_cursor.htm>Follow the Mouse Cursor</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/mouse_follow_ease.htm>Mouse Follow with Ease</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/keyboard_events_in_javascript.htm>Working With the Keyboard</a></li>
<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/moving_shapes_canvas_keyboard.htm>Moving Shapes Using the Keyboard</a>
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<li><a href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/resizing_html_canvas_element.htm>Resizing the HTML Canvas Element</a></li>
<li><a href=http://kirupa.com/canvas/canvas_high_dpi_retina.htm>Ensuring our Canvas Visuals Look Good on
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<h1>DOM vs. Canvas</h1>
<p class=tutorialInfo>by <a href=https://www.kirupa.com/me/index.htm>kirupa</a> | filed under <a href=https://www.kirupa.com/canvas/index.htm>Canvas</a></p>
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<p>Did you know that you have a choice in how you can get things to
display in your browser? Well...you do! The most common approach for
getting content to display on your screen is by working with DOM
elements. This is where you (and 99% of the entire world) create HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript and have elements appear magically. The other
approach uses the <span class=inlineCode>canvas</span> element. With a
<span class=inlineCode>canvas</span>, you manually specify exactly
what you want drawn and displayed on your screen. Both of these
approaches have their uses. For the kinds of visually complex
applications you will be creating, knowing when to use which is a good
thing for you to be aware of.</p>
<p>To help you with this, let's take a step back. In fact, let's take
many steps back and look at how our two approaches map to how your
browser translates what you want into something that gets displayed.
Core to this translation are two modes called <strong>Retained Mode</strong>
and <strong>Immediate Mode</strong>. While it may not seem like it right
now, understanding the details of both of these modes will help you know
when to rely on the DOM APIs and when to use <span class=inlineCode>
canvas</span> to display visuals on the screen.</p>
<p>Onwards!</p>
<h3>Retained Mode (DOM)</h3>
<p>In a retained mode system, the way you get things to display on the
screen is by sending your hopes, dreams, and desires to your browser's
Graphics API. This API, much like Santa Claus, gives you whatever you
ask for.</p>
<p>The following diagram roughly describes the division of labor between
you, the Graphics API, and your browser:</p>
<p class=centerImageNoBorder>
<img alt="diagram of the retained mode API" height=429 src=data:image/webp;base64,UklGRvQeAABXRUJQVlA4TOgeAAAvigJrEJcGN5IkR07Nkd5nIOo7AJX6bwk0BCQmzYItG1AfXNW2HSfnJWnogAUc4P8fAbhgoSHT7YUc2bZqpc8/9+n/OGMiICPSZ+oOT45DSJIEKREGoREO6REf4REOoRHa4NW2bcO4TXbyBxD2h9LWqmvTtenadG0aV94bb43ffGv8vfTeuf0DDitoYKAWBgYadlinsJFsWTZnFSQQCBL89P498JVcyZWykiv5alwpK7mSK/lqspIruZIrZTXgwlUwixgYWLgGBmYRAxv3XjCwcD3b5+mrc5aOyRb6OdMxOQeLiEU8FjHwWMRAwIGEayDgQCxiIOAsIuvWvS+gY5LO2RFezpmOSTpnjy5lLsr4V+aizEUZ/8pc1LnANdDAiBioYeFaRMxcNdfheltp11G5XnP9Lt/3H20dbR3V3u7etcdgnw5qTqq9NYKVRrV3C3NOc06qvd056687AocCBcDAQA2/wMACmzHQgV1gc+P+W5r+fIwPuT35nJ8+5oeor+acVHtLaVR7qr2H36O2Vl2b2on41xfEBmTce8IVEHAgICDgwIUrICDgAQE5HLe5K3+On4caXukoaNtGStrxJ30vhIiYgDyrfHRN3HeTJSSJ2g6J2c/MFNoCXOFG3bGObQGy9ZKvgpB4nSRqvuL56l0VwLdL77W2tc22bdtR3ZnTf+ds3MGZc6oix0ZyVxYogk6N7TzP61p3sQkjDFZE/2HRthW12U8zqJgOZiJIkf5ZkLYtbiTpcjhtbHmR8zxzl325Re/dtR9KQnJndzojTFR0EfABnwBBRP9hQZJUt5mznYAPaSuFFcQdeSlfFLPtTSRJyxvCMDMzM+RwkAJmwxcBMzMzTUhd7uq265dbrUW5+/o8tI7ovxxIkhRJirp7qEXpYbJpLTRZtja5abQ5LwHkPPOakA4iOQdyzrAv1oS6WqK6ap7FWEzXGZ22I/rviG0bR5K3TMnk2t7d7E6uPr3NtpW12rZtu990JRqJhP+1/8Dj+AP+S5kSt2xZ+2deCkdBOYqI/kNiJDlu0wv4JIURsFwvl2TyvyKJ9WBcnpNGZC96fciRV13GJo9+ioIbuIhzmnBRiA7mdFtkjopGhXWZ6qUau20ErAcKfcnIBwdYmfFUi+CEztYAFDbSZEsfgFojokzjqCE3MgDwZAdVL9WQIqGnR6D1DDDsBpjhWcIygc1zhaMPIUvhLQ08DRaGQXYMtGEFVkpfoeqlGpEFCw1o49ifDYMyFBg1zFSviJTKDmBYcq4WiQmOBdajqAMHa/M6o5duzlDqUFmAwGS4TJlrlgFLdXcLl1FqRi251go2JEqMb0tq7Ea9GoeFkQ2GAaOfYbiJqkCqzPl5u3LlQgMUyoggRmuah0zPdWAZWWawc1ClqfSq30JfIquiLrAgTc7v7YDWKRJwlEATLrJNdlBvPNDCjr4LA2ArYMgVnh5Qtg7HTh3yVq3DQvVw6worUGsoZDTklEofCgOoHG9Zg2dRiHAMQC3JErB1WbgaUuegtkIuZO2BlfSWxrHMuDQp2IBqMwDnST8KGFslLkBHMqiCWByL1qFNozhGCd04gxgiXmLOADeiQnkixBineeKNyNVCE5q1lqs+zDzzK3SifRubdz++14f89Nuv77QhX1r7XhvSWoMu5H1rX7QhbO2zNqS2VrUhn1r7QRviWnv/FWLL73Si54fWftKH4UbN6PmdNvTUjDEeow352FrRhvysE5/5VSM+814rPvN14mzmu9Z+gS4ka8Z03fAV4laX1n76Fkr5Xf3+hgytV/atzd+y1kuRLK2FWX7RenFvG1qr8wuvveY7VW/vZ1e7Lrpv2QLnJjPL9CRK01WVmVOkPJnMXAYp+i4brXw36/3Ot9aKxksXd3PrrvmltfaLtptf/660lidzm3Zo0lqF1pvU/PUdOB6E2Vr7ou1qpzvx49uxVfvpnfZbct0+NsV+/V4DfiuEiXmrA7+Dm1q76MEvoDfivtOG362ofIROtG/+89fDtPPme17w/U50aZvDl8dkuk1Maknzt2d3qPhxJzGd1yeHI4RHaxS49Wh9zyt6w9RhCtPQCi0v8WpxipZ1sbprVEd5MUy2xCtW3wbe8GZxComxf6j9nW+2ScS2H98sWNzTk8+Btq4+2djDxGPMnfXFow28kyzLPlL0nrUlU4sjOj/gwXhv2//r8K26if6brlMa1/7g5ol7e3iznX+ZPnneqj5Mf9dLnDSt6nOLrXQ5Og0me/Pz9Nm5ZX2aQl1Ef+iAGsutCdWWlPjSm+vv9MXHtpx+ld6qg+g+Qz9za0pWXQ33pno36UfPl8q6Vf/QeQI7SWNrUk5544SHsVnrjfNSOWjVO0Cz+saaFUd1KUO9f57holXfMASlU2teaVQGE5U9u4NWfRM4yjPwubQUFJRVsjfQx444f+gDus9Y3Vga4sHUoaVzbxZnAPPE0tGoDIb67IOM1MjhJa8Uexgm8EHHxWSixlPPGU/cik81DF6+fs0vFU06zri0tBSUwTzvPWb82vjl/6cZN675pkw6z0h0Mu+k9dyT5m80ts69xE3O0HIKU0tPSf6GvIGTW63yxxm8ePuWV+r8BRf88sO3rRL/+u/9xHYSeKPn7NHBkn3zVcvE3/9/L/HuJzgTntB3Lj981ToR7mQiUw1GG1mq6uXCar5r7d7l/qa9uoiapasxZRFIRFMdZdwQhm3K4kNzNL1ZLnjlNU9UVrgfp4eVpaw0yst0MK9e9US1u+E5yQmSPT0mDy019GJLXXKRDE8c+mnE/YY87KRJnjYMXcR8S19W/uCx9Q33nwzylZ6ujEnRZ63uor+zrVRDbOVF8bhhAUsrfLe9DRmdjH/bmUrbRYy3PORSFvd2NtSjZZ1RVT1hKv+VNlsukpIEIwB3phaWm6rax1JyNfqCDaN8ZgLQzlipk1VLteOUowzBmtdqMgFkZ2YxlNXCiGonQ+nDNbOV9yUD3fmd3JpV1f/4SVPxsuUkaSVsAIxOR26nYk2o6gA7eT4gOpJ2xCQbAK5TmaWGahxmJj0XsWJFkrPX9YfSmXhUuZNzH1XtYiZvSnjklpdsSik92kt7fmdp2aZmVLWXlwxiDqtzOrweW0p734nmdmxrXFUHay8s8hyz2oPoWJMeZsEjI2mCPMcst4/+stseZh1HNZ8Fj4zkNUEsEJ+4oNA+OozO5FxwWEbw2M9HnhIFSHIJl4QuVuuZNlTVbScveKyxkK/Z8pNOM2ZnHIVGgvtazILHdibSUj6GgyGTRvvWiDNwME4VwaNH+dlY++MMv5x3/JpZqmMRlMPd1+lUseB8YFc8sR6xvg4bk4XJLHj0Jj9GAcvrdpSHmX4B86WoWG58gjqfSSFYAy4EyJWPe0JxFbxQDK3KkG+vw8oYFsGjL+kNAWWOsKoCjObx/VyAfYWMdXTL3ZmIuHhESup58nANoy7E6brMxQhWwWOnN39jeDxMP3/Lx+GMZWmqJToBINzj+adPEZGFcjYukA21eXFzCcBJaM8+eCTCGkQ/EVjfcmu4Xx/gZZrD64c3zK6Q/d2sAFx0SelHXMDiPfB+EVpr8Rm0GXoAW5OFiSx4pMGz3qy7TsDMxfdAUw241ws3o5Vhlj48eS4FuB65sl7AoGIyPDf09nClCKye9EBRus6hK2azq4nk9aL2xUo8Y6L/wia7Mw4ll2njt/T02ILIAvQQcgVBbKjZ3gwbAGt9uQoeO9ppINsWPFg1l7WbqLC1K8ik8r4X0HBhDfAkfWXGRHLRVjM5oHC04nVljiQqU3dqgu2yN3EToiNQSZ94fR/iVHqZDjrrMykUxUHDIuivliAFRHSr+/YAYK4np8EjCQajOyzs18oLyky4mESCuVGbI33IATMzHuSFi8q69YxYq6UhMWPkAmQgRvT0IsLv2nkWjPR2IDUELgcuRKMbtxOl11XDQ+2GBiJf0BDg78HOjNKqNCLCGWFmsDCdBY/Qd3E9Dat1ZyYgCM8fAQi8e4Y+6Y0scoGXB7iIIG0JAuUIs1exjA4qA7AQKIwA65F6JpGptBEmUd1MxIslE7nEpq9qEVdrKXb7CrFxasQYs2UOwmBhTFWHKHAzU+JdeixeRDlI4mbrRtlYLI+NUwCBp2wdF5Kn1dIkkV6MliziOao+UlonMh1mzStF23xBBGQ9FSciFWsXRhGLuMy25r0NaDA2GikseKTwRGZRZsAkWGjHwhE8l2khkEXIpd6YhZxevPFs0JQj6lXnByfLJdtlwcmMZPE8sspDZQq3pkW2imlFv1h7e2ZKr+HSEGJ71iT2JgtzpXfdTYGnsQFyFD7NKhk2mos7F8BThG6gZ8UqRGlG8eCZsbBZNEuXJXlDPGiZf0j0l8KXU/aAJRomEaGIr7lHHCt/o7mkugwMMaLYaW/VJ/0Kscy5YhWTvtZ3N10FjwQY7e+4cFR7RRk87xuni8SGWNm7p/V6te26RgYs4lf/DPEKrLIQgNM+nBtBs3WZVbYCvxUWu2zjWjVqJ5IrW74HmwFla7NILzD322xr7heXBn6c/Um61yxZ30VWY4w7Dl5qLAse8ekNB5FE6oW8dWvlU3PDuyjUvtra5p07dY2s3o6dy8qpG61ys5zoE+mBidpfthSAcScR/EpmeY9e8rYyb5CvPuzm4DCmzQHHNTgXZVPFQ6M/1c1RSrViZn2tHJVwFTzCB477ufTwJEUGOgnvriLJ3NtCzjYL+GEiOYoOlTY090l3GxHIqm4f3kg9W0GhGnplNYZCirRD175rn+82K3ym3MtxOJePS2MWBd1YN8TL/WCn2ZcKjTVrTtyds9hdmLUWNvZ2nAWPPfDc9lsl+p8GazmvGNvbTRVAL3POIQptfLaMgxaA3MRt5OYoh0aXrPCnfNds403FcdaYUCAgKyK7uN16Zqykn3xYD8zaWj3c3678R/P6mmXwCI6o/nzKLA9Asnzrlt3bH9g65eT/SVtMisUldmu4A9+XwalUlCibYITxAnUx6lBmV3mZs2Jmje0ex1jx2XZi3LIbp9YOzLooftaZ1T5vHclv5fqAbbzgzW7e+46CrJqRm/zsuwj3hy5FwoT4nMa+lwAQF8x6O4sxxt0KxBi37YLHLuQfXoZ1/STznvv3kl3DbbzuZ9GjMrVBZZGiVaioo9zrBOScmCPsBmbdhY3Ss8WD1Qp/QD9aswweh4AZbEL6SeIUd2E83f5TztTMpDy/dcnCaffYa+Bvpo7uHE3hdKkMwABhZT/GeLSz6nKY2jB3pncts6mHS5NFdnXDivDUijMbiEioxUDIbisKYSdrxu1Vhw/mDZdsalhW2P16icSliCx0CwlsGIcvUsT75ggprat5KwkrezGr/fU1R1c0ecNaynueVdm9a4pEoO2Rfqon6F94cX3YC9xPGfzbm0kIm4fRqKOzrXXjZbZbFjkPa7gcpKnV6v8eIbH+LC10vQR3THLGyqcj7uHM9jZh9Yvym87OYoxn1aff6Nyn/tmA69H8Zq9b80Us7Jxoyl0xn6ofULRYTKyuw6xlPFRdn1lvLk7vnvxf30W2zq2oWGtUfctPsa56o54PbwchrO/kNIwrS1UuCtB9BZ3ePAbegJPrfPKZotiWu9siHt0V+NlfjSqxXeZMjtGRXodqTTWdyUU+HcOt4DR/j+PT71tPcywo4l9qVfcMcXWt6yzuErubtnYPMh7t76xUO1ISf8iuXjuxj8yGTBYgUIvV7geC01svEX8TAwDvLsZnHoGna5kSQ3OuEukO+jpK3ZtMeoNrCZZv63i7pdpSmvumoAWk4FEznIxiW0bCYNv1TpSXizvRatDrG/qieRuXTRCFhK6KWN2SmQM9/VVwlUQfRpJBlb/GZZ4XX6qxMvoJO8aaKqQ/CilgtoGn506eeyakhEO7KwpYVg+f1x2rmSellw09WZLuHvqZuuxkET/0Qdvcc+ASXdG8op+K8tE0+FlIwGhUAJaUG4yP/aTt4a+i516l3E3+05x5xanHdr2IowyAC+zgnuttfVWA19gxppTW+gfc3W6A+9DLQ3m61gASfKuYM+Ya4tOLQ1tqSho7R98yVsZa3sIiZXregaxr3DNWYL28t5rZCwlWzBIi407vRmZA8iKmN/NhlEuAwCM4sOuY4PaOfXq8+FotOkoFz5r6YoYub0auADYL0RVUZpq3iUVjCWZ8hJtncdbl4QB6ea3v2WeWvgYgVOfOcvQa8N2lY91JADJTZtjpTR6ZsPgE3D4OdqeeXukvG/gjAEPDzzuuccaSGaGmOTQzBJJ4ZrJ1YX6bGDd2piaFOGmYhJLEhLm8QZcdA7NIVp3dloSHR89SpASZ0wrVTRQFJOdfo5NuJ04ely0wFJ+roGEfaq15+Y/0vst8HknMODMZ4srduq8Sr5tip1/TWKtHHE/IW1v7wHNHttPzzHMacYXdDsmUwk3lZIZ0ZlWRI4DYvIeeb9XbyX7bSVAta4bKiWJ0KXsL7aozvNo+rh/nXLfXWo8q+752GEEVxUUlH5gx1lRIcueyF30gUCSKACyzYXfXOBiTRuAuZkQTqF237fu1BaiKaA/Q5F0V/UEy50qeaGS94+nlqYeMk1WL5DPuJChDHbtSqYqJOyprQCOz4se5Ktcn5hmB48NJYFEeav0rl1NWpLr+zmUSQzNzGFg4Fkbvqzi/cgpdqocIs+7+0C7TO/axAWgiNkegyaw1S1UtAgguCRHvbGQIu0MSr+vjFxq9z7wqcN+TY+EF/1ydV2v8Wgf8Aeau+ZyzA2BMDEB0gMmvnEIXMCNC//r50z9nqw4fnXk2fNIm0xxJcf48/RX5AmQHPBs4k4+RbW3/fJ0Ou6PrqelmC75yilzWEZ3vs4/FdGD4Xf/QLcsGijE368hvJs7mutYY4Azdv413F2nDBpa+y6eWZrEHcE3dh9qIJj+NeH0KNXxbKW5jhNqKCWcPXFY8yuetrprzInASSZVqTvXwraUxNe/6TsYmWqwke2c06hiU+e3k37ayfS7dj0irteh/xucjgK1G58fT62PoXNVxo+zERcwka7L5ClpOp7atHuTro9kc7u/K3RPd2Yg0ZvH6G3WV3H2gf3w9jTo14uT4x1D8Dv1ORqRxC/9SbY3Q+uBRlu7lnXYdNqWcgct6KHktBljX4nAsV+DZccW6rlyBXJ48kV0NLwSgMT6zaL8EPQt49husDskfMnDMCOvATLZ/Xidv5Q2mrnLkbyy+OuOQKpYaPwu3vxY2Bji63ZP1zPA11OqtB2QrFSchnciQNVRiEW55CUin27EbkcYDjEgovqfc1o0RBkUOzGT7O74yRGWDqakceZ/D9/1NlY89R3mhjjUeYezfV9gzZECxiCKqKeSGAE1PM0oLIuOF4DSmF6o/rwQTQDlkYY41Z6bMK8IWwGy2/216UdlguHfMtU16oHxSYazcNjw+q2nviSNGSbQbCVQ+eoGcYoiRa91tXjPNZnMw/4SC1Y1IYwNJnCskgd3xKnqVmWz/XLzP4UNNmZrUvxs62+pZmTQjV5gZ7JQozJnJqNSBrLwwes+XgHhexvkqzrbDBrLYFWXhHY9GOVgNzGT7t3pzsgfYo9YW8zeoTjyl6sUjtwdzutYF0qNxbI66jBWdRC+cmkK+KC/qzORqhUPiC4Fp9OZe6Kxw4ic+gCJOOFZlsMrzRpnfm8n2r+Hev8ijelLvcUTUSP9yg+grSVXUviNpIKmmHwdQGXQbYdQU8kBcmeBYPbGv9kWgnfE3t5FzDjI6/P9//xHmqjiLDeITKQEK0g/MZPsPZf+issHUWI6896ROhGcMXC2ulwj05wgkg2wAk3GKiE4VYWJAnmSQmxxXxHXNfxbFX3Y3TocHQ234GBHd2OmzOQOIx2QOAGay/bP5SB3YYEAcOaIDV6dXyTHp28rfQoC40GmcmZERGPd0fpW/iRNNZ2zV43AyDnSj5woRvm8f9Qj/Kpei7zXfiM5tAeJCZzy5QoVfvm0bqR57MABe9Y3w3LGO84X5p5aJf77GcJ3d0xnvSU5dW4fRZQ4YPnWkQtVcUkeSkZ1SR+h0x5yRaGSn1KlWc+NYlzN2Gx2pLwVGJH6nXUqTZ7KAGZPh3IPJQjsm2RMz7chaqQNDPqbC1ULM6yQT8pF1Xx1Q1cRLbdKgftGhp6HOq2k6Bw2wEynmfMVscHeT+hRyJ+ockxcH1cD8HI9xSknxrmdCitZA+w/qTDEGITnl9qZO9M+IKZqp/o/UGR+27xRcfjfqgJ/RU/Tj/l6i+6/RNIlpSP3kijqXKEtFUheeXby+9CrTOV7XS3QV7aHD1HRn6ooW0h/jhclTWbe1HV8O5PZ0Z1KLnhztIAHx9uQHJrro5nr1TInxf5f9/HYbf07WLhKdfz/S6zj2ACLN+Yjf3ucAcKBBQmp2L9Yk5wiIEs1yBMJAcQCUbAjzlgBZuZ3wWRLy44FwneIckATxEUme5zhRXJILcChIkzjDEcBAbSJgC9JE9lKaCFjSY69p1S9lCIAnPB4IQ86X4oAg6E4CXO6XcgAmciuF4fLmJ84VAUd2eOViQb7SEAW9qfTBz3+BWSCSJgvE/xA7ADeyU89boy3gydAacP/9JQ6hVzqLJshH+24HsjMAQeQWROuBXf7R8I7Ulo+5yyMC0Bfs3EBtexgiypTeNmG6wyPgVBHAjfKIAEzKa1OXvSilPNxnSaQ36ZO6T2HRzjXkliQzZGl0Lyi5O+fEVpBFEnsVAcua8wVdXkIWSeQJGHQnUv5AFknkcCbtyQCALpIApWpwTMBAbthKfLkyu/TmJtf2TYPYlaxJtEcQJhKLP6XFMzrE/H//fWXAD5+dy+p/44di5t19aaAF37fRMvChTezjfWmgBT8qELBfVMJ396WBHHzid5qwurZWtaHLd61RHzb77p6fXeydDvMzw/QrHWrTRAzeV6sP+aU5fUhr7etjIh3K9i86BODrJf5IDyVxIsMD/7Pve+Syb9IOJfUDQA4lJSj7RnIoKSrZN75DSVHJvgk4lJSU7JuCQ0nxyb6xHEqKT/YN5lBSelIeNIeSwgOcQ0nZAc6hpOxk33gOJUUn+ybtUFI/gOhQUnCyb0SHkiKSfRNyKCkh2Tclh5ICkn2TcigpNdk3qENJqcm+UR1KCk3KA+tQUmaAdSgpa9gHjyKTfQM7lJSY7Ju0Q0nxwWnwKDDZN7RDScnIvik6lBSM7JukQ0m5yL5JOpSUluwb3aEkOJvLFcgRAGD23e/R0uex3QnH4p4BRPPoxL7hHUois99txdPlQKpXV4c83dSyUNmBFJa0iir2D86G4B1KQlAYOyGToixkLTteRhHnrb+lxZHB0yGwGJN4AGg3D858Jr5DSUCwVFSASlcPMOzguLmhJTDhyqLsANgxG654cKDrUPLn9FNRnGYKAp0AMLDnoW15vqFFighUO3ABsNI4xkcHCg4lUbPvws1dkrzcoiqjhwmRQe7w6EDaoWThbIEwcOEJgb9Dy+gL7Cz2NBisPDE8PLFvEg4lUdlK4KAQcOYJm/6Wlo4rDBue2I8spHl4Yt8kHEqiQgJbXnAeyJXdjs83tPS1eipaDJSifSSiPHQdSsJm33UPdDIiMQGRgtt0U0sR9QyUw+Tv4t8eiYAjWYeS3si+T2J5JGLfZB1K+iH7vl42W5Efn/XXBBxK+oE9yfMDtP4a36GkJ7jIw/MjtJAB3qGkoAxOSynBO5QULNwvqydj869dmTKSs/nXCKaMpIxxVT2VpvnX4NOvZWmmof2YNGGaf134Uj1yMf+amkNJSVsD3H5fNxlbA9zZXFeBIaWE6lBSaEB1KCl32JwXQVqyb2yHkuKSfZN2KCkPIDqUFJyzkCE6lBQRyDmUlI3sm5xDSdnIvok4lJSds5ChOZQUnrOQoTmUlBxSSmgOJYUHMIeS0gOmQ0mxyb4xHUqKTfZN2qGkPADkUFIIPxNW6I7x5MGOnwnrgf+fS9q8Hr75H/v+y6TY913/9eTowf3+9eS0ROz7fv96clrxj234zX/u0eL1Xv8C+jMHsTi99GdF3ZcZepn+3OtfsKUPV7G8EClmOPMAvWULNy+kI2aMUs+QL7Nbyjc/+cdjP8OOv1P2dCyQg5go1TeYJ7GNwFopM2IVTIBdulp7AIms8WY57pfKNbbaRt9CXzKQG1mZJ0p1DbmKFiISbUeDxlYLUOlD9QO2tpmB6cpeIZGtstKyAwKtZwAKZasiTpTqGnq1syrdF5EFjYD0QBMRKxdYOS37yeFbdEi0GZ4AbYQUsacHAjFRqm0KvqaZMWUTYZUiKQSRYZkWyzwphylGFREIxwIEJsNVYUYpi6aprgsMO3UaaLQVUqgdmopFhcA4R55gGDD6rTQ3lGqbZr0XzjDMTgNNuHWuzoIpCVDGpSPLyJLGB8c8VZp1DUgioPqMHguTgqXaocvMVmBoZmQm9UFWdYTbhMssiJVmVKpxWOraDTSyco20qdUeHCh0WCmN90o1PSYEsWBlgeIiRVdYAV9lFVymShdN08wK2ogcLGVGqoJcsvUD1QGBJJ3qPccKM1IrkAs5CjSSrYh1qjTWTtNUxxshHzMzlQ4A0aiyGtOMNHf79wyaETSjVG9ZqBl/1W0A width=651></p>
<p>The yellow box represents the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript that makes up
your application. While you may not have thought about your markup and
code in quite this way, almost everything you specify is nothing more
than a drawing instruction that tells your browser what to display on
the screen.</p>
<p>This translation between your raw markup and code to something visual
is handled by your browser's Graphics API. This API takes what you
specify and creates an in-memory model (often referred to as a <strong>
<em>scene</em></strong>, <strong>
<em>object list</em></strong> or <strong><em>display list</em></strong>) of what the final output should
look like. Once it creates this model, the final step is to translate
the model into the arcane draw commands that your browser understands.</p>
<p>All of this happens very seamlessly behind the scenes. You simply
define your application. The details of getting what you defined into
something you can see is automatically handled for you.</p>
<h3>Immediate Mode (Canvas)</h3>
<p>Contrasting the gentle comforts of a retained mode system is the
immediate mode one where...well, let's just look at the diagram first:</p>
<p class=centerImageNoBorder>
<img alt="immediate mode diagram" height=414 src="data:image/webp;base64,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" width=651></p>
<p>In an immediate mode system, you do all of the heavy lifting.
You not only specify what needs to be drawn, you also create and
maintain the model as well. As if all of this wasn't enough, you also
specify the draw commands to get your browser to actually update! Your
browser's Graphics API, the API that did so much for you in the retained
mode world, doesn't do much here. It simply takes your draw commands and
sends them off to the browser for execution.</p>
<p>In HTML, immediate mode comes into play when you are using the
<span class=inlineCode>canvas</span> element. Anything you wish to
draw inside it requires you to issue primitive draw commands and handle
all aspects of managing the scene and redrawing when changes happen.</p>
<h2>When to Use Which?</h2>
<p>Whenever a section heading promises a clear answer, you know that the
answer is never clear. This time is no exception. Choosing between the immediate mode-ness
of the <span class=inlineCode>canvas</span> and the retained mode-ness
of your DOM is not an
exclusive decision. It can actually be quite scandalous! You can choose just one, the other, or
even both.</p>
<p>In this section, let's build on the overview you saw in the previous
section
and look at the advantages and disadvantages of each of the approaches.</p>
<h3>The DOM</h3>
<p>Since we are talking about the DOM here, you will spend a majority of
the time, possibly even all of your time, in this retained mode world.
Despite the comforts it provides, it isn't perfect.</p>
<p>Let's look at its perfections and imperfections in more detail:</p>
<ol>
<li><strong class=greenEmphasis>Easy to use.</strong> The DOM
abstracts away a lot of the details that would otherwise get you
bogged down. Examples of details that can bog down even the best of
us include layout, event handling, clean up, selection/highlighting, accessibility, being
DPI friendly, and so on.</li>
<li><strong class=greenEmphasis>Redrawing is handled for you.</strong>
You only specify what you want to display on the screen. The details
of how to do that and how often to refresh are all left to the
Graphics API to handle.</li>
<li><strong class=greenEmphasis>CSS! CSS! CSS!</strong> You can
easily modify the visuals of your DOM elements using CSS.</li>
<li><strong class=greenEmphasis>Animations are easy to define and
modify.</strong> Because of the CSS support, you can easily define animations or transitions, specify an easing function, make a few
other tweaks, and you are good to go. This applies to
JavaScript-based animations as well. If you are using JavaScript to
animate an element's properties, you just have to get your
<span class=inlineCode>requestAnimationFrame</span> loop setup to
update the property values. Everything else is taken care off...such
as when to redraw or how to maintain a smooth frame rate.</li>
<li><span class=redEmphasis><strong>Memory intensive.</strong></span>
You know all of the details that get taken care of for
you when using a DOM element? Well, that care doesn't come cheap.
Your DOM elements are very complex little things, and all of this
complexity takes up space in your browser's memory. The more
elements you are dealing with, the more resource hungry it all gets.</li>
<li><span class=redEmphasis><strong>Less control over how things get drawn.</strong></span> For certain
graphics-related tasks, the default rendering may be a bit limiting.
Browsers optimize for their particular needs, and those
optimizations may go counter to what you want to do.</li>
</ol>
<h3>The Canvas</h3>
<p>If this were a popularity contest, I would feel pretty bad for
immediate mode and the <span class=inlineCode>canvas</span> element
that uses it. Fortunately, it isn't! Immediate mode systems certainly
carry their own weight - even in the more limited cases they are used
in.</p>
<p>Let's look at some of their cool (and less cool) features in more detail:</p>
<ol>
<li><strong class=greenEmphasis>Fast. Really fast.</strong>
Because an immediate mode system doesn't maintain its own model,
your code is all that stands between you and the browser redrawing.
The many layers of abstraction that slow operations down simply
do not exist in the immediate mode world.</li>
<li><strong class=greenEmphasis>You have a lot of flexibility.</strong>
Since your code controls all aspects of when and how something is
drawn to the screen, you can tweak and customize the output any way
you would like.</li>
<li><strong class=greenEmphasis>Great for dealing with many
elements.</strong> Compared to a retained mode system where every
little addition to your scene takes up extra memory, immediate mode
systems don't have that problem. Generally, an immediate mode system
will always use less memory than a retained mode system - something
that becomes more noticeable as you add more and more elements into
the mix.</li>
<li><strong class=yellowEmphasis>It can be slow when drawing to
large areas.</strong> How quickly a redraw completes is proportional
to the number of pixels you are re-drawing. If your addressing a
really large area, things could get slower if you are not careful
and do not optimize appropriately.</li>
<li><strong class=redEmphasis>It is complex.</strong> Because you
are handling more of what it takes to get something to display on
the screen, there are a lot more details for you to keep track of.
Getting up to speed with the various draw commands and how they are
used is no picnic either.</li>
</ol>
<h2>Summary</h2>
<p>Understanding the retained mode and immediate mode differences
makes it much easier to sympathize with the DOM on certain things and
with the <span class=inlineCode>canvas</span> on others. By now,
hopefully you have a good idea of when to use one over the other. In
case it helps, here is my short list on when I use
<span class=inlineCode>canvas</span> and when I use the DOM.</p>
<h3>When I Use a Canvas</h3>
<ul>
<li>Complex visualizations</li>
<li>Animations involving content that nobody needs to interact with
(<a class=blueEmphasis href=https://www.kirupa.com/snippets/amorphous_circles_snippet.htm>example</a>)</li>
<li>Pixel manipulation (<a class=blueEmphasis href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/detect_whether_font_is_installed.htm>example</a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>When I Use the DOM</h3>
<p>This is pretty simple. I use the DOM for everything else that I don't
use a <span class=inlineCode>canvas</span> for. The
<span class=inlineCode>canvas</span> has very limited uses for the
kinds of things that I do.</p>
<h2>Further Reading</h2>
<p>To see more examples and materials that indirectly utilize everything
you've learned here, check out the following articles written by me and
others:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<a class=blueEmphasis href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/introduction_to_animation_html.htm>
Introduction to Animation in HTML</a></li>
<li>
<a class=blueEmphasis href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/drawing_circles_canvas.htm>
Drawing Circles on a Canvas</a></li>
<li>
<a class=blueEmphasis href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/resizing_html_canvas_element.htm>
Resizing the HTML Canvas Element</a></li>
<li>
<a class=blueEmphasis href=https://www.kirupa.com/html5/animating_many_things_on_a_canvas.htm>
Animating Many Things on a Canvas</a></li>
<li>
<a class=blueEmphasis href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/gg193983(v=vs.85).aspx">
How To Choose Between SVG and Canvas <strong>[microsoft.com</strong>]</a></li>
</ul>
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<ul>
<li>
<a href=https://www.kirupa.com/codingexercises/guess_the_number.htm style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)">
Guess the Number Game
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href=https://www.kirupa.com/hodgepodge/fun_look_calculating_pi.htm 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A Fun Look at How to Calculate the Value of Pi
</a>
</li>
<li>
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