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diff --git a/CNAME b/CNAME
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+courses.tolstenko.net
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT/index.html b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT/index.html
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index 000000000..7a82b10da
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+ Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct - Awesome GameDev Resources
We as members, contributors, and leaders pledge to make participation in our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body size, visible or invisible disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender identity and expression, level of experience, education, socio-economic status, nationality, personal appearance, race, caste, color, religion, or sexual identity and orientation.
We pledge to act and interact in ways that contribute to an open, welcoming, diverse, inclusive, and healthy community.
Community leaders are responsible for clarifying and enforcing our standards of acceptable behavior and will take appropriate and fair corrective action in response to any behavior that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive, or harmful.
Community leaders have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or reject comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct, and will communicate reasons for moderation decisions when appropriate.
This Code of Conduct applies within all community spaces, and also applies when an individual is officially representing the community in public spaces. Examples of representing our community include using an official e-mail address, posting via an official social media account, or acting as an appointed representative at an online or offline event.
Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be reported to the community leaders responsible for enforcement at [INSERT CONTACT METHOD]. All complaints will be reviewed and investigated promptly and fairly.
All community leaders are obligated to respect the privacy and security of the reporter of any incident.
Community leaders will follow these Community Impact Guidelines in determining the consequences for any action they deem in violation of this Code of Conduct:
Community Impact: Use of inappropriate language or other behavior deemed unprofessional or unwelcome in the community.
Consequence: A private, written warning from community leaders, providing clarity around the nature of the violation and an explanation of why the behavior was inappropriate. A public apology may be requested.
Community Impact: A violation through a single incident or series of actions.
Consequence: A warning with consequences for continued behavior. No interaction with the people involved, including unsolicited interaction with those enforcing the Code of Conduct, for a specified period of time. This includes avoiding interactions in community spaces as well as external channels like social media. Violating these terms may lead to a temporary or permanent ban.
Community Impact: A serious violation of community standards, including sustained inappropriate behavior.
Consequence: A temporary ban from any sort of interaction or public communication with the community for a specified period of time. No public or private interaction with the people involved, including unsolicited interaction with those enforcing the Code of Conduct, is allowed during this period. Violating these terms may lead to a permanent ban.
Community Impact: Demonstrating a pattern of violation of community standards, including sustained inappropriate behavior, harassment of an individual, or aggression toward or disparagement of classes of individuals.
Consequence: A permanent ban from any sort of public interaction within the community.
\ No newline at end of file
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circle{fill:var(--md-mermaid-label-bg-color)}.actor{fill:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-actor-bg-color);stroke:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-actor-border-color)}text.actor>tspan{fill:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-actor-fg-color);font-family:var(--md-mermaid-font-family)}line{stroke:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-actor-line-color)}.actor-man circle,.actor-man line{fill:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-actorman-bg-color);stroke:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-actorman-line-color)}.messageLine0,.messageLine1{stroke:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-message-line-color)}.note{fill:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-note-bg-color);stroke:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-note-border-color)}.loopText,.loopText>tspan,.messageText,.noteText>tspan{stroke:none;font-family:var(--md-mermaid-font-family)!important}.messageText{fill:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-message-fg-color)}.loopText,.loopText>tspan{fill:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-loop-fg-color)}.noteText>tspan{fill:var(--md-mermaid-sequence-note-fg-color)}#arrowhead 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jn(e,{viewport$:t,target$:r,print$:o}){return w(...$(".annotate:not(.highlight)",e).map(n=>Ln(n,{target$:r,print$:o})),...$("pre:not(.mermaid) > code",e).map(n=>kn(n,{target$:r,print$:o})),...$("pre.mermaid",e).map(n=>Rn(n)),...$("table:not([class])",e).map(n=>In(n)),...$("details",e).map(n=>Hn(n,{target$:r,print$:o})),...$("[data-tabs]",e).map(n=>Fn(n,{viewport$:t,target$:r})),...$("[title]",e).filter(()=>X("content.tooltips")).map(n=>Qe(n)))}function $a(e,{alert$:t}){return t.pipe(v(r=>w(R(!0),R(!1).pipe(Xe(2e3))).pipe(m(o=>({message:r,active:o})))))}function Wn(e,t){let r=F(".md-typeset",e);return P(()=>{let o=new S;return o.subscribe(({message:n,active:i})=>{e.classList.toggle("md-dialog--active",i),r.textContent=n}),$a(e,t).pipe(T(n=>o.next(n)),A(()=>o.complete()),m(n=>W({ref:e},n)))})}function Ra({viewport$:e}){if(!X("header.autohide"))return R(!1);let t=e.pipe(m(({offset:{y:n}})=>n),Fe(2,1),m(([n,i])=>[nMath.abs(i-n.y)>100),m(([,[n]])=>n),Z()),o=qe("search");return 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f=F(`[id="${l.htmlFor}"]`);F(`[aria-labelledby="${l.id}"]`).setAttribute("aria-expanded",`${f.checked}`)}),qa(e,r).pipe(T(l=>s.next(l)),A(()=>s.complete()),m(l=>W({ref:e},l)))})}function ai(e,t){if(typeof t!="undefined"){let r=`https://api.github.com/repos/${e}/${t}`;return $t(Ke(`${r}/releases/latest`).pipe(xe(()=>E),m(o=>({version:o.tag_name})),je({})),Ke(r).pipe(xe(()=>E),m(o=>({stars:o.stargazers_count,forks:o.forks_count})),je({}))).pipe(m(([o,n])=>W(W({},o),n)))}else{let r=`https://api.github.com/users/${e}`;return Ke(r).pipe(m(o=>({repositories:o.public_repos})),je({}))}}function si(e,t){let r=`https://${e}/api/v4/projects/${encodeURIComponent(t)}`;return Ke(r).pipe(xe(()=>E),m(({star_count:o,forks_count:n})=>({stars:o,forks:n})),je({}))}function ci(e){let t=e.match(/^.+github\.com\/([^/]+)\/?([^/]+)?/i);if(t){let[,r,o]=t;return ai(r,o)}if(t=e.match(/^.+?([^/]*gitlab[^/]+)\/(.+?)\/?$/i),t){let[,r,o]=t;return si(r,o)}return E}var Ka;function Qa(e){return Ka||(Ka=P(()=>{let 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diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ar.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ar.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b06c26c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ar.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. 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r("ig",-1,1),new r("lig",0,1),new r("elig",1,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("løst",-1,2)],w=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,48,0,128],p=[239,254,42,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,16],f=new i;this.setCurrent=function(e){f.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return f.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=f.cursor;return e(),f.limit_backward=r,f.cursor=f.limit,n(),f.cursor=f.limit,t(),f.cursor=f.limit,s(),f.cursor=f.limit,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.da.stemmer,"stemmer-da"),e.da.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("ad af alle alt anden at blev blive bliver da de dem den denne der deres det dette dig din disse dog du efter eller en end er et for fra ham han hans har havde have hende hendes her hos hun hvad hvis hvor i ikke ind jeg jer jo kunne man mange med meget men mig min mine mit mod ned noget nogle 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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.de.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.de.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f3b5c108c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.de.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `German` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.de=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.de.trimmer,e.de.stopWordFilter,e.de.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.de.stemmer))},e.de.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.de.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.de.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.de.trimmer,"trimmer-de"),e.de.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(e,r,n){return!(!v.eq_s(1,e)||(v.ket=v.cursor,!v.in_grouping(p,97,252)))&&(v.slice_from(r),v.cursor=n,!0)}function i(){for(var r,n,i,s,t=v.cursor;;)if(r=v.cursor,v.bra=r,v.eq_s(1,"ß"))v.ket=v.cursor,v.slice_from("ss");else{if(r>=v.limit)break;v.cursor=r+1}for(v.cursor=t;;)for(n=v.cursor;;){if(i=v.cursor,v.in_grouping(p,97,252)){if(s=v.cursor,v.bra=s,e("u","U",i))break;if(v.cursor=s,e("y","Y",i))break}if(i>=v.limit)return void(v.cursor=n);v.cursor=i+1}}function s(){for(;!v.in_grouping(p,97,252);){if(v.cursor>=v.limit)return!0;v.cursor++}for(;!v.out_grouping(p,97,252);){if(v.cursor>=v.limit)return!0;v.cursor++}return!1}function t(){m=v.limit,l=m;var e=v.cursor+3;0<=e&&e<=v.limit&&(d=e,s()||(m=v.cursor,m=v.limit)return;v.cursor++}}}function c(){return m<=v.cursor}function u(){return l<=v.cursor}function a(){var e,r,n,i,s=v.limit-v.cursor;if(v.ket=v.cursor,(e=v.find_among_b(w,7))&&(v.bra=v.cursor,c()))switch(e){case 1:v.slice_del();break;case 2:v.slice_del(),v.ket=v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(1,"s")&&(v.bra=v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(3,"nis")&&v.slice_del());break;case 3:v.in_grouping_b(g,98,116)&&v.slice_del()}if(v.cursor=v.limit-s,v.ket=v.cursor,(e=v.find_among_b(f,4))&&(v.bra=v.cursor,c()))switch(e){case 1:v.slice_del();break;case 2:if(v.in_grouping_b(k,98,116)){var t=v.cursor-3;v.limit_backward<=t&&t<=v.limit&&(v.cursor=t,v.slice_del())}}if(v.cursor=v.limit-s,v.ket=v.cursor,(e=v.find_among_b(_,8))&&(v.bra=v.cursor,u()))switch(e){case 1:v.slice_del(),v.ket=v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(2,"ig")&&(v.bra=v.cursor,r=v.limit-v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(1,"e")||(v.cursor=v.limit-r,u()&&v.slice_del()));break;case 2:n=v.limit-v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(1,"e")||(v.cursor=v.limit-n,v.slice_del());break;case 3:if(v.slice_del(),v.ket=v.cursor,i=v.limit-v.cursor,!v.eq_s_b(2,"er")&&(v.cursor=v.limit-i,!v.eq_s_b(2,"en")))break;v.bra=v.cursor,c()&&v.slice_del();break;case 4:v.slice_del(),v.ket=v.cursor,e=v.find_among_b(b,2),e&&(v.bra=v.cursor,u()&&1==e&&v.slice_del())}}var d,l,m,h=[new r("",-1,6),new r("U",0,2),new r("Y",0,1),new r("ä",0,3),new r("ö",0,4),new r("ü",0,5)],w=[new r("e",-1,2),new r("em",-1,1),new r("en",-1,2),new r("ern",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("s",-1,3),new r("es",5,2)],f=[new r("en",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("st",-1,2),new r("est",2,1)],b=[new r("ig",-1,1),new r("lich",-1,1)],_=[new r("end",-1,1),new r("ig",-1,2),new r("ung",-1,1),new r("lich",-1,3),new r("isch",-1,2),new r("ik",-1,2),new r("heit",-1,3),new r("keit",-1,4)],p=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,8,0,32,8],g=[117,30,5],k=[117,30,4],v=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){v.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return v.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var e=v.cursor;return i(),v.cursor=e,t(),v.limit_backward=e,v.cursor=v.limit,a(),v.cursor=v.limit_backward,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.de.stemmer,"stemmer-de"),e.de.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("aber alle allem allen aller alles als also am an ander andere anderem anderen anderer anderes anderm andern anderr anders auch auf aus bei bin bis bist da damit dann das dasselbe dazu daß dein deine deinem deinen deiner deines dem demselben den denn denselben der derer derselbe derselben des desselben dessen dich die dies diese dieselbe dieselben diesem diesen dieser dieses dir doch dort du durch ein eine einem einen einer eines einig einige einigem einigen einiger einiges einmal er es etwas euch euer eure eurem euren eurer eures für gegen gewesen hab habe haben hat hatte hatten hier hin hinter ich ihm ihn ihnen ihr ihre ihrem ihren ihrer ihres im in indem ins ist jede jedem jeden jeder jedes jene jenem jenen jener jenes jetzt kann kein keine keinem keinen keiner keines können könnte machen man manche manchem manchen mancher manches mein meine meinem meinen meiner meines mich mir mit muss musste nach nicht nichts noch nun nur ob oder ohne sehr sein seine seinem seinen seiner seines selbst sich sie sind so solche solchem solchen solcher solches soll sollte sondern sonst um und uns unse unsem unsen unser unses unter viel vom von vor war waren warst was weg weil weiter welche welchem welchen welcher welches wenn werde werden wie wieder will wir wird wirst wo wollen wollte während würde würden zu zum zur zwar zwischen über".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.de.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-de")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.du.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.du.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..49a0f3f0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.du.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Dutch` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");console.warn('[Lunr Languages] Please use the "nl" instead of the "du". The "nl" code is the standard code for Dutch language, and "du" will be removed in the next major versions.'),e.du=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.du.trimmer,e.du.stopWordFilter,e.du.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.du.stemmer))},e.du.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.du.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.du.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.du.trimmer,"trimmer-du"),e.du.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,i=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function e(){for(var e,r,i,o=C.cursor;;){if(C.bra=C.cursor,e=C.find_among(b,11))switch(C.ket=C.cursor,e){case 1:C.slice_from("a");continue;case 2:C.slice_from("e");continue;case 3:C.slice_from("i");continue;case 4:C.slice_from("o");continue;case 5:C.slice_from("u");continue;case 6:if(C.cursor>=C.limit)break;C.cursor++;continue}break}for(C.cursor=o,C.bra=o,C.eq_s(1,"y")?(C.ket=C.cursor,C.slice_from("Y")):C.cursor=o;;)if(r=C.cursor,C.in_grouping(q,97,232)){if(i=C.cursor,C.bra=i,C.eq_s(1,"i"))C.ket=C.cursor,C.in_grouping(q,97,232)&&(C.slice_from("I"),C.cursor=r);else if(C.cursor=i,C.eq_s(1,"y"))C.ket=C.cursor,C.slice_from("Y"),C.cursor=r;else if(n(r))break}else if(n(r))break}function n(e){return C.cursor=e,e>=C.limit||(C.cursor++,!1)}function o(){_=C.limit,f=_,t()||(_=C.cursor,_<3&&(_=3),t()||(f=C.cursor))}function t(){for(;!C.in_grouping(q,97,232);){if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return!0;C.cursor++}for(;!C.out_grouping(q,97,232);){if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return!0;C.cursor++}return!1}function s(){for(var e;;)if(C.bra=C.cursor,e=C.find_among(p,3))switch(C.ket=C.cursor,e){case 1:C.slice_from("y");break;case 2:C.slice_from("i");break;case 3:if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return;C.cursor++}}function u(){return _<=C.cursor}function c(){return f<=C.cursor}function a(){var e=C.limit-C.cursor;C.find_among_b(g,3)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.ket=C.cursor,C.cursor>C.limit_backward&&(C.cursor--,C.bra=C.cursor,C.slice_del()))}function l(){var e;w=!1,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"e")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,u()&&(e=C.limit-C.cursor,C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.slice_del(),w=!0,a())))}function m(){var e;u()&&(e=C.limit-C.cursor,C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.eq_s_b(3,"gem")||(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.slice_del(),a())))}function d(){var e,r,i,n,o,t,s=C.limit-C.cursor;if(C.ket=C.cursor,e=C.find_among_b(h,5))switch(C.bra=C.cursor,e){case 1:u()&&C.slice_from("heid");break;case 2:m();break;case 3:u()&&C.out_grouping_b(z,97,232)&&C.slice_del()}if(C.cursor=C.limit-s,l(),C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(4,"heid")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,c()&&(r=C.limit-C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"c")||(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.slice_del(),C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(2,"en")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,m())))),C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.ket=C.cursor,e=C.find_among_b(k,6))switch(C.bra=C.cursor,e){case 1:if(c()){if(C.slice_del(),i=C.limit-C.cursor,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(2,"ig")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,c()&&(n=C.limit-C.cursor,!C.eq_s_b(1,"e")))){C.cursor=C.limit-n,C.slice_del();break}C.cursor=C.limit-i,a()}break;case 2:c()&&(o=C.limit-C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"e")||(C.cursor=C.limit-o,C.slice_del()));break;case 3:c()&&(C.slice_del(),l());break;case 4:c()&&C.slice_del();break;case 5:c()&&w&&C.slice_del()}C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.out_grouping_b(j,73,232)&&(t=C.limit-C.cursor,C.find_among_b(v,4)&&C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-t,C.ket=C.cursor,C.cursor>C.limit_backward&&(C.cursor--,C.bra=C.cursor,C.slice_del())))}var f,_,w,b=[new r("",-1,6),new r("á",0,1),new r("ä",0,1),new r("é",0,2),new r("ë",0,2),new r("í",0,3),new r("ï",0,3),new r("ó",0,4),new r("ö",0,4),new r("ú",0,5),new r("ü",0,5)],p=[new r("",-1,3),new r("I",0,2),new r("Y",0,1)],g=[new r("dd",-1,-1),new r("kk",-1,-1),new r("tt",-1,-1)],h=[new r("ene",-1,2),new r("se",-1,3),new r("en",-1,2),new r("heden",2,1),new r("s",-1,3)],k=[new r("end",-1,1),new r("ig",-1,2),new r("ing",-1,1),new r("lijk",-1,3),new r("baar",-1,4),new r("bar",-1,5)],v=[new r("aa",-1,-1),new r("ee",-1,-1),new r("oo",-1,-1),new r("uu",-1,-1)],q=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],j=[1,0,0,17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],z=[17,67,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],C=new i;this.setCurrent=function(e){C.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return C.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=C.cursor;return e(),C.cursor=r,o(),C.limit_backward=r,C.cursor=C.limit,d(),C.cursor=C.limit_backward,s(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.du.stemmer,"stemmer-du"),e.du.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter(" aan al alles als altijd andere ben bij daar dan dat de der deze die dit doch doen door dus een eens en er ge geen geweest haar had heb hebben heeft hem het hier hij hoe hun iemand iets ik in is ja je kan kon kunnen maar me meer men met mij mijn moet na naar niet niets nog nu of om omdat onder ons ook op over reeds te tegen toch toen tot u uit uw van veel voor want waren was wat werd wezen wie wil worden wordt zal ze zelf zich zij zijn zo zonder zou".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.du.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-du")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.es.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.es.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2989d3426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.es.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Spanish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,s){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(s):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=s():s()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.es=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.es.trimmer,e.es.stopWordFilter,e.es.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.es.stemmer))},e.es.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.es.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.es.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.es.trimmer,"trimmer-es"),e.es.stemmer=function(){var s=e.stemmerSupport.Among,r=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function e(){if(A.out_grouping(x,97,252)){for(;!A.in_grouping(x,97,252);){if(A.cursor>=A.limit)return!0;A.cursor++}return!1}return!0}function n(){if(A.in_grouping(x,97,252)){var s=A.cursor;if(e()){if(A.cursor=s,!A.in_grouping(x,97,252))return!0;for(;!A.out_grouping(x,97,252);){if(A.cursor>=A.limit)return!0;A.cursor++}}return!1}return!0}function i(){var s,r=A.cursor;if(n()){if(A.cursor=r,!A.out_grouping(x,97,252))return;if(s=A.cursor,e()){if(A.cursor=s,!A.in_grouping(x,97,252)||A.cursor>=A.limit)return;A.cursor++}}g=A.cursor}function a(){for(;!A.in_grouping(x,97,252);){if(A.cursor>=A.limit)return!1;A.cursor++}for(;!A.out_grouping(x,97,252);){if(A.cursor>=A.limit)return!1;A.cursor++}return!0}function t(){var e=A.cursor;g=A.limit,p=g,v=g,i(),A.cursor=e,a()&&(p=A.cursor,a()&&(v=A.cursor))}function o(){for(var e;;){if(A.bra=A.cursor,e=A.find_among(k,6))switch(A.ket=A.cursor,e){case 1:A.slice_from("a");continue;case 2:A.slice_from("e");continue;case 3:A.slice_from("i");continue;case 4:A.slice_from("o");continue;case 5:A.slice_from("u");continue;case 6:if(A.cursor>=A.limit)break;A.cursor++;continue}break}}function u(){return g<=A.cursor}function w(){return p<=A.cursor}function c(){return v<=A.cursor}function m(){var e;if(A.ket=A.cursor,A.find_among_b(y,13)&&(A.bra=A.cursor,(e=A.find_among_b(q,11))&&u()))switch(e){case 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diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fi.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fi.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..29f5dfcea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fi.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Finnish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
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")),i.Pipeline.registerFunction(i.fi.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-fi")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fr.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fr.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..68cd0094a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fr.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `French` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. 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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.he.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.he.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b863d3eae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.he.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.he=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.he.trimmer,e.he.stopWordFilter,e.he.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.he.stemmer))},e.he.wordCharacters="֑-״א-תa-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.he.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.he.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.he.trimmer,"trimmer-he"),e.he.stemmer=function(){var e=this;return e.result=!1,e.preRemoved=!1,e.sufRemoved=!1,e.pre={pre1:"ה ו י ת",pre2:"ב כ ל מ ש כש",pre3:"הב הכ הל המ הש בש לכ",pre4:"וב וכ ול ומ וש",pre5:"מה שה כל",pre6:"מב מכ מל ממ מש",pre7:"בה בו בי בת כה כו כי כת לה לו לי לת",pre8:"ובה ובו ובי ובת וכה וכו וכי וכת ולה ולו ולי ולת"},e.suf={suf1:"ך כ ם ן נ",suf2:"ים ות וך וכ ום ון ונ הם הן יכ יך ינ ים",suf3:"תי תך תכ תם תן תנ",suf4:"ותי ותך ותכ ותם ותן ותנ",suf5:"נו כם כן הם הן",suf6:"ונו וכם וכן והם והן",suf7:"תכם תכן תנו תהם תהן",suf8:"הוא היא הם הן אני אתה את אנו אתם אתן",suf9:"ני נו כי כו כם כן תי תך תכ תם תן",suf10:"י ך כ ם ן נ ת"},e.patterns=JSON.parse('{"hebrewPatterns": [{"pt1": [{"c": "ה", "l": 0}]}, {"pt2": [{"c": "ו", "l": 0}]}, {"pt3": [{"c": "י", "l": 0}]}, {"pt4": [{"c": "ת", "l": 0}]}, {"pt5": [{"c": "מ", "l": 0}]}, {"pt6": [{"c": "ל", "l": 0}]}, {"pt7": [{"c": "ב", "l": 0}]}, {"pt8": [{"c": "כ", "l": 0}]}, {"pt9": [{"c": "ש", "l": 0}]}, {"pt10": [{"c": "כש", "l": 0}]}, {"pt11": [{"c": "בה", "l": 0}]}, {"pt12": [{"c": "וב", "l": 0}]}, {"pt13": [{"c": "וכ", "l": 0}]}, {"pt14": [{"c": "ול", "l": 0}]}, {"pt15": [{"c": "ומ", "l": 0}]}, {"pt16": [{"c": "וש", "l": 0}]}, {"pt17": [{"c": "הב", "l": 0}]}, {"pt18": [{"c": "הכ", "l": 0}]}, {"pt19": [{"c": "הל", "l": 0}]}, {"pt20": [{"c": "המ", "l": 0}]}, {"pt21": [{"c": "הש", "l": 0}]}, {"pt22": [{"c": "מה", "l": 0}]}, {"pt23": [{"c": "שה", "l": 0}]}, {"pt24": [{"c": "כל", "l": 0}]}]}'),e.execArray=["cleanWord","removeDiacritics","removeStopWords","normalizeHebrewCharacters"],e.stem=function(){var r=0;for(e.result=!1,e.preRemoved=!1,e.sufRemoved=!1;r=0)return!0},e.normalizeHebrewCharacters=function(){return e.word=e.word.replace("ך","כ"),e.word=e.word.replace("ם","מ"),e.word=e.word.replace("ן","נ"),e.word=e.word.replace("ף","פ"),e.word=e.word.replace("ץ","צ"),!1},function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return e.setCurrent(r),e.stem(),e.getCurrent()}):(e.setCurrent(r),e.stem(),e.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.he.stemmer,"stemmer-he"),e.he.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("אבל או אולי אותו אותי אותך אותם אותן אותנו אז אחר אחרות אחרי אחריכן אחרים אחרת אי איזה איך אין איפה אל אלה אלו אם אנחנו אני אף אפשר את אתה אתכם אתכן אתם אתן באיזה באיזו בגלל בין בלבד בעבור בעזרת בכל בכן בלי במידה במקום שבו ברוב בשביל בשעה ש בתוך גם דרך הוא היא היה היי היכן היתה היתי הם הן הנה הסיבה שבגללה הרי ואילו ואת זאת זה זות יהיה יוכל יוכלו יותר מדי יכול יכולה יכולות יכולים יכל יכלה יכלו יש כאן כאשר כולם כולן כזה כי כיצד כך כל כלל כמו כן כפי כש לא לאו לאיזותך לאן לבין לה להיות להם להן לו לזה לזות לי לך לכם לכן למה למעלה למעלה מ למטה למטה מ למעט למקום שבו למרות לנו לעבר לעיכן לפיכך לפני מאד מאחורי מאיזו סיבה מאין מאיפה מבלי מבעד מדוע מה מהיכן מול מחוץ מי מידע מכאן מכל מכן מלבד מן מנין מסוגל מעט מעטים מעל מצד מקום בו מתחת מתי נגד נגר נו עד עז על עלי עליו עליה עליהם עליך עלינו עם עצמה עצמהם עצמהן עצמו עצמי עצמם עצמן עצמנו פה רק שוב של שלה שלהם שלהן שלו שלי שלך שלכה שלכם שלכן שלנו שם תהיה תחת".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.he.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-he")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hi.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hi.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7dbc41402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hi.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.hi=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.hi.trimmer,e.hi.stopWordFilter,e.hi.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.hi.stemmer))},e.hi.wordCharacters="ऀ-ःऄ-एऐ-टठ-यर-िी-ॏॐ-य़ॠ-९॰-ॿa-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.hi.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.hi.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.trimmer,"trimmer-hi"),e.hi.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("अत अपना अपनी अपने अभी अंदर आदि आप इत्यादि इन इनका इन्हीं इन्हें इन्हों इस इसका इसकी इसके इसमें इसी इसे उन उनका उनकी उनके उनको उन्हीं उन्हें उन्हों उस उसके उसी उसे एक एवं एस ऐसे और कई कर करता करते करना करने करें कहते कहा का काफ़ी कि कितना किन्हें किन्हों किया किर किस किसी किसे की कुछ कुल के को कोई कौन कौनसा गया घर जब जहाँ जा जितना जिन जिन्हें जिन्हों जिस जिसे जीधर जैसा जैसे जो तक तब तरह तिन तिन्हें तिन्हों तिस तिसे तो था थी थे दबारा दिया दुसरा दूसरे दो द्वारा न नके नहीं ना निहायत नीचे ने पर पहले पूरा पे फिर बनी बही बहुत बाद बाला बिलकुल भी भीतर मगर मानो मे में यदि यह यहाँ यही या यिह ये रखें रहा रहे ऱ्वासा लिए लिये लेकिन व वग़ैरह वर्ग वह वहाँ वहीं वाले वुह वे वो सकता सकते सबसे सभी साथ साबुत साभ सारा से सो संग ही हुआ हुई हुए है हैं हो होता होती होते होना होने".split(" ")),e.hi.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}();var r=e.wordcut;r.init(),e.hi.tokenizer=function(i){if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(r){return isLunr2?new e.Token(r.toLowerCase()):r.toLowerCase()});var t=i.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,"");return r.cut(t).split("|")},e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.stemmer,"stemmer-hi"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-hi")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hu.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hu.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ed9d909f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hu.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Hungarian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,n){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(n):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=n():n()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.hu=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.hu.trimmer,e.hu.stopWordFilter,e.hu.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.hu.stemmer))},e.hu.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.hu.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.hu.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hu.trimmer,"trimmer-hu"),e.hu.stemmer=function(){var n=e.stemmerSupport.Among,r=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(){var e,n=L.cursor;if(d=L.limit,L.in_grouping(W,97,252))for(;;){if(e=L.cursor,L.out_grouping(W,97,252))return L.cursor=e,L.find_among(g,8)||(L.cursor=e,e=L.limit)return void(d=e);L.cursor++}if(L.cursor=n,L.out_grouping(W,97,252)){for(;!L.in_grouping(W,97,252);){if(L.cursor>=L.limit)return;L.cursor++}d=L.cursor}}function i(){return d<=L.cursor}function a(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(h,2))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:L.slice_from("a");break;case 2:L.slice_from("e")}}function t(){var e=L.limit-L.cursor;return!!L.find_among_b(p,23)&&(L.cursor=L.limit-e,!0)}function s(){if(L.cursor>L.limit_backward){L.cursor--,L.ket=L.cursor;var e=L.cursor-1;L.limit_backward<=e&&e<=L.limit&&(L.cursor=e,L.bra=e,L.slice_del())}}function c(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(_,2))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i())){if((1==e||2==e)&&!t())return;L.slice_del(),s()}}function o(){L.ket=L.cursor,L.find_among_b(v,44)&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()&&(L.slice_del(),a()))}function w(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(z,3))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:L.slice_from("e");break;case 2:case 3:L.slice_from("a")}}function l(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(y,6))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:case 2:L.slice_del();break;case 3:L.slice_from("a");break;case 4:L.slice_from("e")}}function u(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(j,2))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i())){if((1==e||2==e)&&!t())return;L.slice_del(),s()}}function m(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(C,7))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:L.slice_from("a");break;case 2:L.slice_from("e");break;case 3:case 4:case 5:case 6:case 7:L.slice_del()}}function k(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(P,12))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:case 4:case 7:case 9:L.slice_del();break;case 2:case 5:case 8:L.slice_from("e");break;case 3:case 6:L.slice_from("a")}}function f(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(F,31))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:case 4:case 7:case 8:case 9:case 12:case 13:case 16:case 17:case 18:L.slice_del();break;case 2:case 5:case 10:case 14:case 19:L.slice_from("a");break;case 3:case 6:case 11:case 15:case 20:L.slice_from("e")}}function b(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(S,42))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:case 4:case 5:case 6:case 9:case 10:case 11:case 14:case 15:case 16:case 17:case 20:case 21:case 24:case 25:case 26:case 29:L.slice_del();break;case 2:case 7:case 12:case 18:case 22:case 27:L.slice_from("a");break;case 3:case 8:case 13:case 19:case 23:case 28:L.slice_from("e")}}var d,g=[new n("cs",-1,-1),new n("dzs",-1,-1),new n("gy",-1,-1),new n("ly",-1,-1),new n("ny",-1,-1),new n("sz",-1,-1),new n("ty",-1,-1),new n("zs",-1,-1)],h=[new n("á",-1,1),new n("é",-1,2)],p=[new n("bb",-1,-1),new n("cc",-1,-1),new n("dd",-1,-1),new n("ff",-1,-1),new n("gg",-1,-1),new n("jj",-1,-1),new n("kk",-1,-1),new n("ll",-1,-1),new n("mm",-1,-1),new n("nn",-1,-1),new n("pp",-1,-1),new n("rr",-1,-1),new n("ccs",-1,-1),new n("ss",-1,-1),new n("zzs",-1,-1),new n("tt",-1,-1),new n("vv",-1,-1),new n("ggy",-1,-1),new n("lly",-1,-1),new n("nny",-1,-1),new n("tty",-1,-1),new n("ssz",-1,-1),new n("zz",-1,-1)],_=[new n("al",-1,1),new n("el",-1,2)],v=[new n("ba",-1,-1),new n("ra",-1,-1),new n("be",-1,-1),new n("re",-1,-1),new n("ig",-1,-1),new n("nak",-1,-1),new n("nek",-1,-1),new n("val",-1,-1),new n("vel",-1,-1),new n("ul",-1,-1),new n("nál",-1,-1),new n("nél",-1,-1),new n("ból",-1,-1),new n("ról",-1,-1),new n("tól",-1,-1),new n("bõl",-1,-1),new n("rõl",-1,-1),new n("tõl",-1,-1),new n("ül",-1,-1),new n("n",-1,-1),new n("an",19,-1),new n("ban",20,-1),new n("en",19,-1),new n("ben",22,-1),new n("képpen",22,-1),new n("on",19,-1),new n("ön",19,-1),new n("képp",-1,-1),new n("kor",-1,-1),new n("t",-1,-1),new n("at",29,-1),new n("et",29,-1),new n("ként",29,-1),new n("anként",32,-1),new n("enként",32,-1),new n("onként",32,-1),new n("ot",29,-1),new n("ért",29,-1),new n("öt",29,-1),new n("hez",-1,-1),new n("hoz",-1,-1),new n("höz",-1,-1),new n("vá",-1,-1),new n("vé",-1,-1)],z=[new n("án",-1,2),new n("én",-1,1),new n("ánként",-1,3)],y=[new n("stul",-1,2),new n("astul",0,1),new n("ástul",0,3),new n("stül",-1,2),new n("estül",3,1),new n("éstül",3,4)],j=[new n("á",-1,1),new n("é",-1,2)],C=[new n("k",-1,7),new n("ak",0,4),new n("ek",0,6),new n("ok",0,5),new n("ák",0,1),new n("ék",0,2),new n("ök",0,3)],P=[new n("éi",-1,7),new n("áéi",0,6),new n("ééi",0,5),new n("é",-1,9),new n("ké",3,4),new n("aké",4,1),new n("eké",4,1),new n("oké",4,1),new n("áké",4,3),new n("éké",4,2),new n("öké",4,1),new n("éé",3,8)],F=[new n("a",-1,18),new n("ja",0,17),new n("d",-1,16),new n("ad",2,13),new n("ed",2,13),new n("od",2,13),new n("ád",2,14),new n("éd",2,15),new n("öd",2,13),new n("e",-1,18),new n("je",9,17),new n("nk",-1,4),new n("unk",11,1),new n("ánk",11,2),new n("énk",11,3),new n("ünk",11,1),new n("uk",-1,8),new n("juk",16,7),new n("ájuk",17,5),new n("ük",-1,8),new n("jük",19,7),new n("éjük",20,6),new n("m",-1,12),new n("am",22,9),new n("em",22,9),new n("om",22,9),new n("ám",22,10),new n("ém",22,11),new n("o",-1,18),new n("á",-1,19),new n("é",-1,20)],S=[new n("id",-1,10),new n("aid",0,9),new n("jaid",1,6),new n("eid",0,9),new n("jeid",3,6),new n("áid",0,7),new n("éid",0,8),new n("i",-1,15),new n("ai",7,14),new n("jai",8,11),new n("ei",7,14),new n("jei",10,11),new n("ái",7,12),new n("éi",7,13),new n("itek",-1,24),new n("eitek",14,21),new n("jeitek",15,20),new n("éitek",14,23),new n("ik",-1,29),new n("aik",18,26),new n("jaik",19,25),new n("eik",18,26),new n("jeik",21,25),new n("áik",18,27),new n("éik",18,28),new n("ink",-1,20),new n("aink",25,17),new n("jaink",26,16),new n("eink",25,17),new n("jeink",28,16),new n("áink",25,18),new n("éink",25,19),new n("aitok",-1,21),new n("jaitok",32,20),new n("áitok",-1,22),new n("im",-1,5),new n("aim",35,4),new n("jaim",36,1),new n("eim",35,4),new n("jeim",38,1),new n("áim",35,2),new n("éim",35,3)],W=[17,65,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,17,52,14],L=new r;this.setCurrent=function(e){L.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return L.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var n=L.cursor;return e(),L.limit_backward=n,L.cursor=L.limit,c(),L.cursor=L.limit,o(),L.cursor=L.limit,w(),L.cursor=L.limit,l(),L.cursor=L.limit,u(),L.cursor=L.limit,k(),L.cursor=L.limit,f(),L.cursor=L.limit,b(),L.cursor=L.limit,m(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hu.stemmer,"stemmer-hu"),e.hu.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("a abban ahhoz ahogy ahol aki akik akkor alatt amely amelyek amelyekben amelyeket amelyet amelynek ami amikor amit amolyan amíg annak arra arról az azok azon azonban azt aztán azután azzal azért be belül benne bár cikk cikkek cikkeket csak de e ebben eddig egy egyes egyetlen egyik egyre egyéb egész ehhez ekkor el ellen elsõ elég elõ elõször elõtt emilyen ennek erre ez ezek ezen ezt ezzel ezért fel felé hanem hiszen hogy hogyan igen ill ill. illetve ilyen ilyenkor ismét ison itt jobban jó jól kell kellett keressünk keresztül ki kívül között közül legalább legyen lehet lehetett lenne lenni lesz lett maga magát majd majd meg mellett mely melyek mert mi mikor milyen minden mindenki mindent mindig mint mintha mit mivel miért most már más másik még míg nagy nagyobb nagyon ne nekem neki nem nincs néha néhány nélkül olyan ott pedig persze rá s saját sem semmi sok sokat sokkal szemben szerint szinte számára talán tehát teljes tovább továbbá több ugyanis utolsó után utána vagy vagyis vagyok valaki valami valamint való van vannak vele vissza viszont volna volt voltak voltam voltunk által általában át én éppen és így õ õk õket össze úgy új újabb újra".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hu.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-hu")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hy.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hy.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b37f79298
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hy.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.hy=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.hy.trimmer,e.hy.stopWordFilter)},e.hy.wordCharacters="[A-Za-z-֏ff-ﭏ]",e.hy.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.hy.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hy.trimmer,"trimmer-hy"),e.hy.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("դու և եք էիր էիք հետո նաև նրանք որը վրա է որ պիտի են այս մեջ ն իր ու ի այդ որոնք այն կամ էր մի ես համար այլ իսկ էին ենք հետ ին թ էինք մենք նրա նա դուք եմ էի ըստ որպես ում".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hy.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-hy"),e.hy.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hy.stemmer,"stemmer-hy")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.it.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.it.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..344b6a3c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.it.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Italian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.it=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.it.trimmer,e.it.stopWordFilter,e.it.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.it.stemmer))},e.it.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.it.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.it.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.it.trimmer,"trimmer-it"),e.it.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(e,r,n){return!(!x.eq_s(1,e)||(x.ket=x.cursor,!x.in_grouping(L,97,249)))&&(x.slice_from(r),x.cursor=n,!0)}function i(){for(var r,n,i,o,t=x.cursor;;){if(x.bra=x.cursor,r=x.find_among(h,7))switch(x.ket=x.cursor,r){case 1:x.slice_from("à");continue;case 2:x.slice_from("è");continue;case 3:x.slice_from("ì");continue;case 4:x.slice_from("ò");continue;case 5:x.slice_from("ù");continue;case 6:x.slice_from("qU");continue;case 7:if(x.cursor>=x.limit)break;x.cursor++;continue}break}for(x.cursor=t;;)for(n=x.cursor;;){if(i=x.cursor,x.in_grouping(L,97,249)){if(x.bra=x.cursor,o=x.cursor,e("u","U",i))break;if(x.cursor=o,e("i","I",i))break}if(x.cursor=i,x.cursor>=x.limit)return void(x.cursor=n);x.cursor++}}function o(e){if(x.cursor=e,!x.in_grouping(L,97,249))return!1;for(;!x.out_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return!1;x.cursor++}return!0}function t(){if(x.in_grouping(L,97,249)){var e=x.cursor;if(x.out_grouping(L,97,249)){for(;!x.in_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return o(e);x.cursor++}return!0}return o(e)}return!1}function s(){var e,r=x.cursor;if(!t()){if(x.cursor=r,!x.out_grouping(L,97,249))return;if(e=x.cursor,x.out_grouping(L,97,249)){for(;!x.in_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return x.cursor=e,void(x.in_grouping(L,97,249)&&x.cursor=x.limit)return;x.cursor++}k=x.cursor}function a(){for(;!x.in_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return!1;x.cursor++}for(;!x.out_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return!1;x.cursor++}return!0}function u(){var e=x.cursor;k=x.limit,p=k,g=k,s(),x.cursor=e,a()&&(p=x.cursor,a()&&(g=x.cursor))}function c(){for(var e;;){if(x.bra=x.cursor,!(e=x.find_among(q,3)))break;switch(x.ket=x.cursor,e){case 1:x.slice_from("i");break;case 2:x.slice_from("u");break;case 3:if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return;x.cursor++}}}function w(){return k<=x.cursor}function l(){return p<=x.cursor}function m(){return g<=x.cursor}function f(){var e;if(x.ket=x.cursor,x.find_among_b(C,37)&&(x.bra=x.cursor,(e=x.find_among_b(z,5))&&w()))switch(e){case 1:x.slice_del();break;case 2:x.slice_from("e")}}function v(){var e;if(x.ket=x.cursor,!(e=x.find_among_b(S,51)))return!1;switch(x.bra=x.cursor,e){case 1:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_del();break;case 2:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(2,"ic")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&x.slice_del());break;case 3:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_from("log");break;case 4:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_from("u");break;case 5:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_from("ente");break;case 6:if(!w())return!1;x.slice_del();break;case 7:if(!l())return!1;x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,e=x.find_among_b(P,4),e&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&(x.slice_del(),1==e&&(x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(2,"at")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&x.slice_del()))));break;case 8:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,e=x.find_among_b(F,3),e&&(x.bra=x.cursor,1==e&&m()&&x.slice_del());break;case 9:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(2,"at")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&(x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(2,"ic")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&x.slice_del())))}return!0}function b(){var e,r;x.cursor>=k&&(r=x.limit_backward,x.limit_backward=k,x.ket=x.cursor,e=x.find_among_b(W,87),e&&(x.bra=x.cursor,1==e&&x.slice_del()),x.limit_backward=r)}function d(){var e=x.limit-x.cursor;if(x.ket=x.cursor,x.in_grouping_b(y,97,242)&&(x.bra=x.cursor,w()&&(x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(1,"i")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,w()))))return void x.slice_del();x.cursor=x.limit-e}function _(){d(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(1,"h")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,x.in_grouping_b(U,99,103)&&w()&&x.slice_del())}var g,p,k,h=[new r("",-1,7),new r("qu",0,6),new r("á",0,1),new r("é",0,2),new r("í",0,3),new r("ó",0,4),new r("ú",0,5)],q=[new r("",-1,3),new r("I",0,1),new r("U",0,2)],C=[new r("la",-1,-1),new r("cela",0,-1),new r("gliela",0,-1),new r("mela",0,-1),new r("tela",0,-1),new r("vela",0,-1),new r("le",-1,-1),new r("cele",6,-1),new r("gliele",6,-1),new r("mele",6,-1),new r("tele",6,-1),new r("vele",6,-1),new r("ne",-1,-1),new r("cene",12,-1),new r("gliene",12,-1),new r("mene",12,-1),new r("sene",12,-1),new r("tene",12,-1),new r("vene",12,-1),new r("ci",-1,-1),new r("li",-1,-1),new r("celi",20,-1),new r("glieli",20,-1),new r("meli",20,-1),new r("teli",20,-1),new r("veli",20,-1),new 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r("irai",-1,1),new r("isci",-1,1),new r("endi",-1,1),new r("erei",-1,1),new r("irei",-1,1),new r("assi",-1,1),new r("ati",-1,1),new r("iti",-1,1),new r("eresti",-1,1),new r("iresti",-1,1),new r("uti",-1,1),new r("avi",-1,1),new r("evi",-1,1),new r("ivi",-1,1),new r("isco",-1,1),new r("ando",-1,1),new r("endo",-1,1),new r("Yamo",-1,1),new r("iamo",-1,1),new r("avamo",-1,1),new r("evamo",-1,1),new r("ivamo",-1,1),new r("eremo",-1,1),new r("iremo",-1,1),new r("assimo",-1,1),new r("ammo",-1,1),new r("emmo",-1,1),new r("eremmo",54,1),new r("iremmo",54,1),new r("immo",-1,1),new r("ano",-1,1),new r("iscano",58,1),new r("avano",58,1),new r("evano",58,1),new r("ivano",58,1),new r("eranno",-1,1),new r("iranno",-1,1),new r("ono",-1,1),new r("iscono",65,1),new r("arono",65,1),new r("erono",65,1),new r("irono",65,1),new r("erebbero",-1,1),new r("irebbero",-1,1),new r("assero",-1,1),new r("essero",-1,1),new r("issero",-1,1),new r("ato",-1,1),new r("ito",-1,1),new r("uto",-1,1),new r("avo",-1,1),new r("evo",-1,1),new r("ivo",-1,1),new r("ar",-1,1),new r("ir",-1,1),new r("erà",-1,1),new r("irà",-1,1),new r("erò",-1,1),new r("irò",-1,1)],L=[17,65,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128,128,8,2,1],y=[17,65,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128,128,8,2],U=[17],x=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){x.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return x.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var e=x.cursor;return i(),x.cursor=e,u(),x.limit_backward=e,x.cursor=x.limit,f(),x.cursor=x.limit,v()||(x.cursor=x.limit,b()),x.cursor=x.limit,_(),x.cursor=x.limit_backward,c(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.it.stemmer,"stemmer-it"),e.it.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("a abbia abbiamo abbiano abbiate ad agl agli ai al all alla alle allo anche avemmo avendo avesse avessero avessi avessimo aveste avesti avete aveva avevamo avevano avevate avevi avevo avrai avranno avrebbe avrebbero avrei avremmo avremo avreste avresti avrete avrà avrò avuta avute avuti avuto c che chi ci coi col come con contro cui da dagl dagli dai dal dall dalla dalle dallo degl degli dei del dell della delle dello di dov dove e ebbe ebbero ebbi ed era erano eravamo eravate eri ero essendo faccia facciamo facciano facciate faccio facemmo facendo facesse facessero facessi facessimo faceste facesti faceva facevamo facevano facevate facevi facevo fai fanno farai faranno farebbe farebbero farei faremmo faremo fareste faresti farete farà farò fece fecero feci fosse fossero fossi fossimo foste fosti fu fui fummo furono gli ha hai hanno ho i il in io l la le lei li lo loro lui ma mi mia mie miei mio ne negl negli nei nel nell nella nelle nello noi non nostra nostre nostri nostro o per perché più quale quanta quante quanti quanto quella quelle quelli quello questa queste questi questo sarai saranno sarebbe sarebbero sarei saremmo saremo sareste saresti sarete sarà sarò se sei si sia siamo siano siate siete sono sta stai stando stanno starai staranno starebbe starebbero starei staremmo staremo stareste staresti starete starà starò stava stavamo stavano stavate stavi stavo stemmo stesse stessero stessi stessimo steste stesti stette stettero stetti stia stiamo stiano stiate sto su sua sue sugl sugli sui sul sull sulla sulle sullo suo suoi ti tra tu tua tue tuo tuoi tutti tutto un una uno vi voi vostra vostre vostri vostro è".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.it.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-it")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ja.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ja.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f254ebe9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ja.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var r="2"==e.version[0];e.ja=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.ja.trimmer,e.ja.stopWordFilter,e.ja.stemmer),r?this.tokenizer=e.ja.tokenizer:(e.tokenizer&&(e.tokenizer=e.ja.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=e.ja.tokenizer))};var t=new e.TinySegmenter;e.ja.tokenizer=function(i){var n,o,s,p,a,u,m,l,c,f;if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(t){return r?new e.Token(t.toLowerCase()):t.toLowerCase()});for(o=i.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,""),n=o.length-1;n>=0;n--)if(/\S/.test(o.charAt(n))){o=o.substring(0,n+1);break}for(a=[],s=o.length,c=0,l=0;c<=s;c++)if(u=o.charAt(c),m=c-l,u.match(/\s/)||c==s){if(m>0)for(p=t.segment(o.slice(l,c)).filter(function(e){return!!e}),f=l,n=0;n=C.limit)break;C.cursor++;continue}break}for(C.cursor=o,C.bra=o,C.eq_s(1,"y")?(C.ket=C.cursor,C.slice_from("Y")):C.cursor=o;;)if(e=C.cursor,C.in_grouping(q,97,232)){if(i=C.cursor,C.bra=i,C.eq_s(1,"i"))C.ket=C.cursor,C.in_grouping(q,97,232)&&(C.slice_from("I"),C.cursor=e);else if(C.cursor=i,C.eq_s(1,"y"))C.ket=C.cursor,C.slice_from("Y"),C.cursor=e;else if(n(e))break}else if(n(e))break}function n(r){return C.cursor=r,r>=C.limit||(C.cursor++,!1)}function o(){_=C.limit,d=_,t()||(_=C.cursor,_<3&&(_=3),t()||(d=C.cursor))}function t(){for(;!C.in_grouping(q,97,232);){if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return!0;C.cursor++}for(;!C.out_grouping(q,97,232);){if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return!0;C.cursor++}return!1}function s(){for(var r;;)if(C.bra=C.cursor,r=C.find_among(p,3))switch(C.ket=C.cursor,r){case 1:C.slice_from("y");break;case 2:C.slice_from("i");break;case 3:if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return;C.cursor++}}function u(){return _<=C.cursor}function c(){return d<=C.cursor}function a(){var r=C.limit-C.cursor;C.find_among_b(g,3)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.ket=C.cursor,C.cursor>C.limit_backward&&(C.cursor--,C.bra=C.cursor,C.slice_del()))}function l(){var r;w=!1,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"e")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,u()&&(r=C.limit-C.cursor,C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.slice_del(),w=!0,a())))}function m(){var r;u()&&(r=C.limit-C.cursor,C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.eq_s_b(3,"gem")||(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.slice_del(),a())))}function f(){var r,e,i,n,o,t,s=C.limit-C.cursor;if(C.ket=C.cursor,r=C.find_among_b(h,5))switch(C.bra=C.cursor,r){case 1:u()&&C.slice_from("heid");break;case 2:m();break;case 3:u()&&C.out_grouping_b(j,97,232)&&C.slice_del()}if(C.cursor=C.limit-s,l(),C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(4,"heid")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,c()&&(e=C.limit-C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"c")||(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.slice_del(),C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(2,"en")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,m())))),C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.ket=C.cursor,r=C.find_among_b(k,6))switch(C.bra=C.cursor,r){case 1:if(c()){if(C.slice_del(),i=C.limit-C.cursor,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(2,"ig")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,c()&&(n=C.limit-C.cursor,!C.eq_s_b(1,"e")))){C.cursor=C.limit-n,C.slice_del();break}C.cursor=C.limit-i,a()}break;case 2:c()&&(o=C.limit-C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"e")||(C.cursor=C.limit-o,C.slice_del()));break;case 3:c()&&(C.slice_del(),l());break;case 4:c()&&C.slice_del();break;case 5:c()&&w&&C.slice_del()}C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.out_grouping_b(z,73,232)&&(t=C.limit-C.cursor,C.find_among_b(v,4)&&C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-t,C.ket=C.cursor,C.cursor>C.limit_backward&&(C.cursor--,C.bra=C.cursor,C.slice_del())))}var d,_,w,b=[new e("",-1,6),new e("á",0,1),new e("ä",0,1),new e("é",0,2),new e("ë",0,2),new e("í",0,3),new e("ï",0,3),new e("ó",0,4),new e("ö",0,4),new e("ú",0,5),new e("ü",0,5)],p=[new e("",-1,3),new e("I",0,2),new e("Y",0,1)],g=[new e("dd",-1,-1),new e("kk",-1,-1),new e("tt",-1,-1)],h=[new e("ene",-1,2),new e("se",-1,3),new e("en",-1,2),new e("heden",2,1),new e("s",-1,3)],k=[new e("end",-1,1),new e("ig",-1,2),new e("ing",-1,1),new e("lijk",-1,3),new e("baar",-1,4),new e("bar",-1,5)],v=[new e("aa",-1,-1),new e("ee",-1,-1),new e("oo",-1,-1),new e("uu",-1,-1)],q=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],z=[1,0,0,17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],j=[17,67,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],C=new i;this.setCurrent=function(r){C.setCurrent(r)},this.getCurrent=function(){return C.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var e=C.cursor;return r(),C.cursor=e,o(),C.limit_backward=e,C.cursor=C.limit,f(),C.cursor=C.limit_backward,s(),!0}};return function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return n.setCurrent(r),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(r),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.nl.stemmer,"stemmer-nl"),r.nl.stopWordFilter=r.generateStopWordFilter(" aan al alles als altijd andere ben bij daar dan dat de der deze die dit doch doen door dus een eens en er ge geen geweest haar had heb hebben heeft hem het hier hij hoe hun iemand iets ik in is ja je kan kon kunnen maar me meer men met mij mijn moet na naar niet niets nog nu of om omdat onder ons ook op over reeds te tegen toch toen tot u uit uw van veel voor want waren was wat werd wezen wie wil worden wordt zal ze zelf zich zij zijn zo zonder zou".split(" ")),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.nl.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-nl")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.no.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.no.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..92bc7e4e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.no.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Norwegian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.no=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.no.trimmer,e.no.stopWordFilter,e.no.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.no.stemmer))},e.no.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.no.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.no.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.trimmer,"trimmer-no"),e.no.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(){var e,r=w.cursor+3;if(a=w.limit,0<=r||r<=w.limit){for(s=r;;){if(e=w.cursor,w.in_grouping(d,97,248)){w.cursor=e;break}if(e>=w.limit)return;w.cursor=e+1}for(;!w.out_grouping(d,97,248);){if(w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}a=w.cursor,a=a&&(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(m,29),w.limit_backward=r,e))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:n=w.limit-w.cursor,w.in_grouping_b(c,98,122)?w.slice_del():(w.cursor=w.limit-n,w.eq_s_b(1,"k")&&w.out_grouping_b(d,97,248)&&w.slice_del());break;case 3:w.slice_from("er")}}function t(){var e,r=w.limit-w.cursor;w.cursor>=a&&(e=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,w.find_among_b(u,2)?(w.bra=w.cursor,w.limit_backward=e,w.cursor=w.limit-r,w.cursor>w.limit_backward&&(w.cursor--,w.bra=w.cursor,w.slice_del())):w.limit_backward=e)}function o(){var e,r;w.cursor>=a&&(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(l,11),e?(w.bra=w.cursor,w.limit_backward=r,1==e&&w.slice_del()):w.limit_backward=r)}var s,a,m=[new r("a",-1,1),new r("e",-1,1),new r("ede",1,1),new r("ande",1,1),new r("ende",1,1),new r("ane",1,1),new r("ene",1,1),new r("hetene",6,1),new r("erte",1,3),new r("en",-1,1),new r("heten",9,1),new r("ar",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("heter",12,1),new r("s",-1,2),new r("as",14,1),new r("es",14,1),new r("edes",16,1),new r("endes",16,1),new r("enes",16,1),new r("hetenes",19,1),new r("ens",14,1),new r("hetens",21,1),new r("ers",14,1),new r("ets",14,1),new r("et",-1,1),new r("het",25,1),new r("ert",-1,3),new r("ast",-1,1)],u=[new r("dt",-1,-1),new r("vt",-1,-1)],l=[new r("leg",-1,1),new r("eleg",0,1),new r("ig",-1,1),new r("eig",2,1),new r("lig",2,1),new r("elig",4,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("lov",-1,1),new r("elov",7,1),new r("slov",7,1),new r("hetslov",9,1)],d=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,48,0,128],c=[119,125,149,1],w=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){w.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return w.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=w.cursor;return e(),w.limit_backward=r,w.cursor=w.limit,i(),w.cursor=w.limit,t(),w.cursor=w.limit,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.stemmer,"stemmer-no"),e.no.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("alle at av bare begge ble blei bli blir blitt både båe da de deg dei deim deira deires dem den denne der dere deres det dette di din disse ditt du dykk dykkar då eg ein eit eitt eller elles en enn er et ett etter for fordi fra før ha hadde han hans har hennar henne hennes her hjå ho hoe honom hoss hossen hun hva hvem hver hvilke hvilken hvis hvor hvordan hvorfor i ikke ikkje ikkje ingen ingi inkje inn inni ja jeg kan kom korleis korso kun kunne kva kvar kvarhelst kven kvi kvifor man mange me med medan meg meget mellom men mi min mine mitt mot mykje ned no noe noen noka noko nokon nokor nokre nå når og også om opp oss over på samme seg selv si si sia sidan siden sin sine sitt sjøl skal skulle slik so som som somme somt så sånn til um upp ut uten var vart varte ved vere verte vi vil ville vore vors vort vår være være vært å".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-no")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.pt.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.pt.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c16996d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.pt.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Portuguese` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.pt=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.pt.trimmer,e.pt.stopWordFilter,e.pt.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.pt.stemmer))},e.pt.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.pt.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.pt.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.pt.trimmer,"trimmer-pt"),e.pt.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,s=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function e(){for(var e;;){if(z.bra=z.cursor,e=z.find_among(k,3))switch(z.ket=z.cursor,e){case 1:z.slice_from("a~");continue;case 2:z.slice_from("o~");continue;case 3:if(z.cursor>=z.limit)break;z.cursor++;continue}break}}function n(){if(z.out_grouping(y,97,250)){for(;!z.in_grouping(y,97,250);){if(z.cursor>=z.limit)return!0;z.cursor++}return!1}return!0}function 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diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ro.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ro.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..727714018
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ro.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Romanian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,i){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(i):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=i():i()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. 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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ru.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ru.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..186cc485c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ru.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Russian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,n){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(n):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=n():n()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.ru=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.ru.trimmer,e.ru.stopWordFilter,e.ru.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.ru.stemmer))},e.ru.wordCharacters="Ѐ-҄҇-ԯᴫᵸⷠ-ⷿꙀ-ꚟ︮︯",e.ru.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.ru.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ru.trimmer,"trimmer-ru"),e.ru.stemmer=function(){var n=e.stemmerSupport.Among,r=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,t=new function(){function e(){for(;!W.in_grouping(S,1072,1103);){if(W.cursor>=W.limit)return!1;W.cursor++}return!0}function t(){for(;!W.out_grouping(S,1072,1103);){if(W.cursor>=W.limit)return!1;W.cursor++}return!0}function w(){b=W.limit,_=b,e()&&(b=W.cursor,t()&&e()&&t()&&(_=W.cursor))}function i(){return _<=W.cursor}function u(e,n){var r,t;if(W.ket=W.cursor,r=W.find_among_b(e,n)){switch(W.bra=W.cursor,r){case 1:if(t=W.limit-W.cursor,!W.eq_s_b(1,"а")&&(W.cursor=W.limit-t,!W.eq_s_b(1,"я")))return!1;case 2:W.slice_del()}return!0}return!1}function o(){return u(h,9)}function s(e,n){var r;return W.ket=W.cursor,!!(r=W.find_among_b(e,n))&&(W.bra=W.cursor,1==r&&W.slice_del(),!0)}function c(){return s(g,26)}function m(){return!!c()&&(u(C,8),!0)}function f(){return s(k,2)}function l(){return u(P,46)}function a(){s(v,36)}function p(){var e;W.ket=W.cursor,(e=W.find_among_b(F,2))&&(W.bra=W.cursor,i()&&1==e&&W.slice_del())}function d(){var e;if(W.ket=W.cursor,e=W.find_among_b(q,4))switch(W.bra=W.cursor,e){case 1:if(W.slice_del(),W.ket=W.cursor,!W.eq_s_b(1,"н"))break;W.bra=W.cursor;case 2:if(!W.eq_s_b(1,"н"))break;case 3:W.slice_del()}}var _,b,h=[new n("в",-1,1),new n("ив",0,2),new n("ыв",0,2),new n("вши",-1,1),new n("ивши",3,2),new n("ывши",3,2),new n("вшись",-1,1),new n("ившись",6,2),new n("ывшись",6,2)],g=[new n("ее",-1,1),new n("ие",-1,1),new n("ое",-1,1),new n("ые",-1,1),new n("ими",-1,1),new n("ыми",-1,1),new n("ей",-1,1),new n("ий",-1,1),new n("ой",-1,1),new n("ый",-1,1),new n("ем",-1,1),new n("им",-1,1),new n("ом",-1,1),new n("ым",-1,1),new n("его",-1,1),new n("ого",-1,1),new n("ему",-1,1),new n("ому",-1,1),new n("их",-1,1),new n("ых",-1,1),new n("ею",-1,1),new n("ою",-1,1),new n("ую",-1,1),new n("юю",-1,1),new n("ая",-1,1),new n("яя",-1,1)],C=[new n("ем",-1,1),new n("нн",-1,1),new n("вш",-1,1),new n("ивш",2,2),new n("ывш",2,2),new n("щ",-1,1),new n("ющ",5,1),new n("ующ",6,2)],k=[new n("сь",-1,1),new n("ся",-1,1)],P=[new n("ла",-1,1),new n("ила",0,2),new n("ыла",0,2),new n("на",-1,1),new n("ена",3,2),new n("ете",-1,1),new n("ите",-1,2),new n("йте",-1,1),new n("ейте",7,2),new n("уйте",7,2),new n("ли",-1,1),new n("или",10,2),new n("ыли",10,2),new n("й",-1,1),new n("ей",13,2),new n("уй",13,2),new n("л",-1,1),new n("ил",16,2),new n("ыл",16,2),new n("ем",-1,1),new n("им",-1,2),new n("ым",-1,2),new n("н",-1,1),new n("ен",22,2),new n("ло",-1,1),new n("ило",24,2),new n("ыло",24,2),new n("но",-1,1),new n("ено",27,2),new n("нно",27,1),new n("ет",-1,1),new n("ует",30,2),new n("ит",-1,2),new n("ыт",-1,2),new n("ют",-1,1),new n("уют",34,2),new n("ят",-1,2),new n("ны",-1,1),new n("ены",37,2),new n("ть",-1,1),new n("ить",39,2),new n("ыть",39,2),new n("ешь",-1,1),new n("ишь",-1,2),new n("ю",-1,2),new n("ую",44,2)],v=[new n("а",-1,1),new n("ев",-1,1),new n("ов",-1,1),new n("е",-1,1),new n("ие",3,1),new n("ье",3,1),new n("и",-1,1),new n("еи",6,1),new n("ии",6,1),new n("ами",6,1),new n("ями",6,1),new n("иями",10,1),new n("й",-1,1),new n("ей",12,1),new n("ией",13,1),new n("ий",12,1),new n("ой",12,1),new n("ам",-1,1),new n("ем",-1,1),new n("ием",18,1),new n("ом",-1,1),new n("ям",-1,1),new n("иям",21,1),new n("о",-1,1),new n("у",-1,1),new n("ах",-1,1),new n("ях",-1,1),new n("иях",26,1),new n("ы",-1,1),new n("ь",-1,1),new n("ю",-1,1),new n("ию",30,1),new n("ью",30,1),new n("я",-1,1),new n("ия",33,1),new n("ья",33,1)],F=[new n("ост",-1,1),new n("ость",-1,1)],q=[new n("ейше",-1,1),new n("н",-1,2),new n("ейш",-1,1),new n("ь",-1,3)],S=[33,65,8,232],W=new r;this.setCurrent=function(e){W.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return W.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){return w(),W.cursor=W.limit,!(W.cursor=i&&(e-=i,t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor++,!0}return!1},in_grouping_b:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor>this.limit_backward){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor-1);if(e<=s&&e>=i&&(e-=i,t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor--,!0}return!1},out_grouping:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursors||e>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor++,!0}return!1},out_grouping_b:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor>this.limit_backward){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor-1);if(e>s||e>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor--,!0}return!1},eq_s:function(t,i){if(this.limit-this.cursor>1),f=0,l=o0||e==s||c)break;c=!0}}for(;;){var _=t[s];if(o>=_.s_size){if(this.cursor=n+_.s_size,!_.method)return _.result;var b=_.method();if(this.cursor=n+_.s_size,b)return _.result}if((s=_.substring_i)<0)return 0}},find_among_b:function(t,i){for(var s=0,e=i,n=this.cursor,u=this.limit_backward,o=0,h=0,c=!1;;){for(var a=s+(e-s>>1),f=0,l=o=0;m--){if(n-l==u){f=-1;break}if(f=r.charCodeAt(n-1-l)-_.s[m])break;l++}if(f<0?(e=a,h=l):(s=a,o=l),e-s<=1){if(s>0||e==s||c)break;c=!0}}for(;;){var _=t[s];if(o>=_.s_size){if(this.cursor=n-_.s_size,!_.method)return _.result;var b=_.method();if(this.cursor=n-_.s_size,b)return _.result}if((s=_.substring_i)<0)return 0}},replace_s:function(t,i,s){var e=s.length-(i-t),n=r.substring(0,t),u=r.substring(i);return r=n+s+u,this.limit+=e,this.cursor>=i?this.cursor+=e:this.cursor>t&&(this.cursor=t),e},slice_check:function(){if(this.bra<0||this.bra>this.ket||this.ket>this.limit||this.limit>r.length)throw"faulty slice operation"},slice_from:function(r){this.slice_check(),this.replace_s(this.bra,this.ket,r)},slice_del:function(){this.slice_from("")},insert:function(r,t,i){var s=this.replace_s(r,t,i);r<=this.bra&&(this.bra+=s),r<=this.ket&&(this.ket+=s)},slice_to:function(){return this.slice_check(),r.substring(this.bra,this.ket)},eq_v_b:function(r){return this.eq_s_b(r.length,r)}}}},r.trimmerSupport={generateTrimmer:function(r){var t=new RegExp("^[^"+r+"]+"),i=new RegExp("[^"+r+"]+$");return function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return r.replace(t,"").replace(i,"")}):r.replace(t,"").replace(i,"")}}}}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.sv.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.sv.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3e5eb6400
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.sv.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Swedish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.sv=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.sv.trimmer,e.sv.stopWordFilter,e.sv.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.sv.stemmer))},e.sv.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.sv.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.sv.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.trimmer,"trimmer-sv"),e.sv.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,t=new function(){function e(){var e,r=w.cursor+3;if(o=w.limit,0<=r||r<=w.limit){for(a=r;;){if(e=w.cursor,w.in_grouping(l,97,246)){w.cursor=e;break}if(w.cursor=e,w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}for(;!w.out_grouping(l,97,246);){if(w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}o=w.cursor,o=o&&(w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(u,37),w.limit_backward=r,e))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:w.in_grouping_b(d,98,121)&&w.slice_del()}}function i(){var e=w.limit_backward;w.cursor>=o&&(w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.find_among_b(c,7)&&(w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,w.cursor>w.limit_backward&&(w.bra=--w.cursor,w.slice_del())),w.limit_backward=e)}function s(){var e,r;if(w.cursor>=o){if(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(m,5))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:w.slice_from("lös");break;case 3:w.slice_from("full")}w.limit_backward=r}}var a,o,u=[new r("a",-1,1),new r("arna",0,1),new r("erna",0,1),new r("heterna",2,1),new r("orna",0,1),new r("ad",-1,1),new r("e",-1,1),new r("ade",6,1),new r("ande",6,1),new r("arne",6,1),new r("are",6,1),new r("aste",6,1),new r("en",-1,1),new r("anden",12,1),new r("aren",12,1),new r("heten",12,1),new r("ern",-1,1),new r("ar",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("heter",18,1),new r("or",-1,1),new r("s",-1,2),new r("as",21,1),new r("arnas",22,1),new r("ernas",22,1),new r("ornas",22,1),new r("es",21,1),new r("ades",26,1),new r("andes",26,1),new r("ens",21,1),new r("arens",29,1),new r("hetens",29,1),new r("erns",21,1),new r("at",-1,1),new r("andet",-1,1),new r("het",-1,1),new r("ast",-1,1)],c=[new r("dd",-1,-1),new r("gd",-1,-1),new r("nn",-1,-1),new r("dt",-1,-1),new r("gt",-1,-1),new r("kt",-1,-1),new r("tt",-1,-1)],m=[new r("ig",-1,1),new r("lig",0,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("fullt",-1,3),new r("löst",-1,2)],l=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,24,0,32],d=[119,127,149],w=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){w.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return w.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=w.cursor;return e(),w.limit_backward=r,w.cursor=w.limit,t(),w.cursor=w.limit,i(),w.cursor=w.limit,s(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return t.setCurrent(e),t.stem(),t.getCurrent()}):(t.setCurrent(e),t.stem(),t.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.stemmer,"stemmer-sv"),e.sv.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("alla allt att av blev bli blir blivit de dem den denna deras dess dessa det detta dig din dina ditt du där då efter ej eller en er era ert ett från för ha hade han hans har henne hennes hon honom hur här i icke ingen inom inte jag ju kan kunde man med mellan men mig min mina mitt mot mycket ni nu när någon något några och om oss på samma sedan sig sin sina sitta själv skulle som så sådan sådana sådant till under upp ut utan vad var vara varför varit varje vars vart vem vi vid vilka vilkas vilken vilket vår våra vårt än är åt över".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-sv")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ta.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ta.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a644bed22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ta.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,t){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=t():t()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.ta=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.ta.trimmer,e.ta.stopWordFilter,e.ta.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.ta.stemmer))},e.ta.wordCharacters="-உஊ-ஏஐ-ஙச-ட-னப-யர-ஹ-ிீ-ொ-ௐ---௩௪-௯௰-௹௺-a-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.ta.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.ta.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.trimmer,"trimmer-ta"),e.ta.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("அங்கு அங்கே அது அதை அந்த அவர் அவர்கள் அவள் அவன் அவை ஆக ஆகவே ஆகையால் ஆதலால் ஆதலினால் ஆனாலும் ஆனால் இங்கு இங்கே இது இதை இந்த இப்படி இவர் இவர்கள் இவள் இவன் இவை இவ்வளவு உனக்கு உனது உன் உன்னால் எங்கு எங்கே எது எதை எந்த எப்படி எவர் எவர்கள் எவள் எவன் எவை எவ்வளவு எனக்கு எனது எனவே என் என்ன என்னால் ஏது ஏன் தனது தன்னால் தானே தான் நாங்கள் நாம் நான் நீ நீங்கள்".split(" ")),e.ta.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}();var t=e.wordcut;t.init(),e.ta.tokenizer=function(r){if(!arguments.length||null==r||void 0==r)return[];if(Array.isArray(r))return r.map(function(t){return isLunr2?new e.Token(t.toLowerCase()):t.toLowerCase()});var i=r.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,"");return t.cut(i).split("|")},e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.stemmer,"stemmer-ta"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ta")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.te.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.te.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9fa7a93b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.te.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,t){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=t():t()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.te=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.te.trimmer,e.te.stopWordFilter,e.te.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.te.stemmer))},e.te.wordCharacters="ఀ-ఄఅ-ఔక-హా-ౌౕ-ౖౘ-ౚౠ-ౡౢ-ౣ౦-౯౸-౿఼ఽ్ౝ౷",e.te.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.te.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.te.trimmer,"trimmer-te"),e.te.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("అందరూ అందుబాటులో అడగండి అడగడం అడ్డంగా అనుగుణంగా అనుమతించు అనుమతిస్తుంది అయితే ఇప్పటికే ఉన్నారు ఎక్కడైనా ఎప్పుడు ఎవరైనా ఎవరో ఏ ఏదైనా ఏమైనప్పటికి ఒక ఒకరు కనిపిస్తాయి కాదు కూడా గా గురించి చుట్టూ చేయగలిగింది తగిన తర్వాత దాదాపు దూరంగా నిజంగా పై ప్రకారం ప్రక్కన మధ్య మరియు మరొక మళ్ళీ మాత్రమే మెచ్చుకో వద్ద వెంట వేరుగా వ్యతిరేకంగా సంబంధం".split(" ")),e.te.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}();var t=e.wordcut;t.init(),e.te.tokenizer=function(r){if(!arguments.length||null==r||void 0==r)return[];if(Array.isArray(r))return r.map(function(t){return isLunr2?new e.Token(t.toLowerCase()):t.toLowerCase()});var i=r.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,"");return t.cut(i).split("|")},e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.te.stemmer,"stemmer-te"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.te.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-te")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.th.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.th.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dee3aac6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.th.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var r="2"==e.version[0];e.th=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.th.trimmer),r?this.tokenizer=e.th.tokenizer:(e.tokenizer&&(e.tokenizer=e.th.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=e.th.tokenizer))},e.th.wordCharacters="[-]",e.th.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.th.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.th.trimmer,"trimmer-th");var t=e.wordcut;t.init(),e.th.tokenizer=function(i){if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(t){return r?new e.Token(t):t});var n=i.toString().replace(/^\s+/,"");return t.cut(n).split("|")}}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.tr.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.tr.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..563f6ec1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.tr.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Turkish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(r,i){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(i):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=i():i()(r.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(r){if(void 0===r)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===r.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");r.tr=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(r.tr.trimmer,r.tr.stopWordFilter,r.tr.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(r.tr.stemmer))},r.tr.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",r.tr.trimmer=r.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(r.tr.wordCharacters),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.tr.trimmer,"trimmer-tr"),r.tr.stemmer=function(){var i=r.stemmerSupport.Among,e=r.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function r(r,i,e){for(;;){var n=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.in_grouping_b(r,i,e)){Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n;break}if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,Dr.cursor<=Dr.limit_backward)return!1;Dr.cursor--}return!0}function n(){var i,e;i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,r(Wr,97,305);for(var 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n()&&Dr.find_among_b(ar,2)}function p(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(mr,4)}function g(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(dr,2)}function y(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(fr,4)}function z(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(br,2)}function v(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(wr,2)&&c()}function h(){return Dr.eq_s_b(2,"ki")}function q(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(_r,2)&&o()}function C(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(kr,4)&&c()}function P(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(pr,4)}function F(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(gr,4)&&c()}function S(){return Dr.find_among_b(yr,4)}function W(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(zr,2)}function L(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(vr,4)}function x(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(hr,8)}function A(){return Dr.find_among_b(qr,2)}function E(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(Cr,32)&&c()}function j(){return Dr.find_among_b(Pr,8)&&c()}function T(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(Fr,4)&&c()}function Z(){return Dr.eq_s_b(3,"ken")&&c()}function B(){var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return!(T()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,E()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,j()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Z()))))}function D(){if(A()){var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(S()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,W()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,C()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,P()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,F()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r))))),T())return!1}return!0}function G(){if(W()){Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,x()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,E()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,j()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,T()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r)))),nr=!1,!1}return!0}function H(){if(!L())return!0;var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return!E()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!j())}function I(){var r,i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return!(S()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,F()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,P()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,C()))))||(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,T()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r),!1)}function J(){var r,i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,nr=!0,B()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,D()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,G()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,H()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,I()))))){if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,!x())return;Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,S()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,W()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,C()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,P()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,F()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r))))),T()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r)}Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del()}function K(){var r,i,e,n;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,h()){if(r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,p())return Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()?(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K()):(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,a()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K()))),!0;if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,w()){if(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,e=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,d())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();else{if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!a()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!m()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!K())))return!0;Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K())}return!0}if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,g()){if(n=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,d())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,m())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K());else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,!K())return!1;return!0}}return!1}function M(r){if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!g()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!k()))return!1;var 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r,i,e=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!p()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!f()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!_())))return!1;if(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,a())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i);else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!W())return!0;return Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,K(),!0}function R(){var r,i,e=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W())return Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),void K();if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,q())if(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,d())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();else{if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!a()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!m())){if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!W())return;if(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),!K())return}Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K())}else 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r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.in_grouping_b(Wr,97,305)){Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r;break}if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.cursor<=Dr.limit_backward)return!1;Dr.cursor--}return!0}function X(r,i,e){if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,V()){var n=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(!Dr.eq_s_b(1,i)&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,!Dr.eq_s_b(1,e)))return!0;Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r;var t=Dr.cursor;return Dr.insert(Dr.cursor,Dr.cursor,e),Dr.cursor=t,!1}return!0}function Y(){var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;(Dr.eq_s_b(1,"d")||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.eq_s_b(1,"g")))&&X(r,"a","ı")&&X(r,"e","i")&&X(r,"o","u")&&X(r,"ö","ü")}function $(){for(var r,i=Dr.cursor,e=2;;){for(r=Dr.cursor;!Dr.in_grouping(Wr,97,305);){if(Dr.cursor>=Dr.limit)return Dr.cursor=r,!(e>0)&&(Dr.cursor=i,!0);Dr.cursor++}e--}}function rr(r,i,e){for(;!Dr.eq_s(i,e);){if(Dr.cursor>=Dr.limit)return!0;Dr.cursor++}return(tr=i)!=Dr.limit||(Dr.cursor=r,!1)}function ir(){var r=Dr.cursor;return!rr(r,2,"ad")||(Dr.cursor=r,!rr(r,5,"soyad"))}function er(){var r=Dr.cursor;return!ir()&&(Dr.limit_backward=r,Dr.cursor=Dr.limit,Y(),Dr.cursor=Dr.limit,U(),!0)}var nr,tr,ur=[new i("m",-1,-1),new i("n",-1,-1),new i("miz",-1,-1),new i("niz",-1,-1),new i("muz",-1,-1),new i("nuz",-1,-1),new i("müz",-1,-1),new i("nüz",-1,-1),new i("mız",-1,-1),new i("nız",-1,-1)],or=[new i("leri",-1,-1),new i("ları",-1,-1)],sr=[new i("ni",-1,-1),new i("nu",-1,-1),new i("nü",-1,-1),new i("nı",-1,-1)],cr=[new i("in",-1,-1),new i("un",-1,-1),new i("ün",-1,-1),new i("ın",-1,-1)],lr=[new i("a",-1,-1),new i("e",-1,-1)],ar=[new i("na",-1,-1),new i("ne",-1,-1)],mr=[new i("da",-1,-1),new i("ta",-1,-1),new i("de",-1,-1),new i("te",-1,-1)],dr=[new i("nda",-1,-1),new i("nde",-1,-1)],fr=[new i("dan",-1,-1),new i("tan",-1,-1),new i("den",-1,-1),new i("ten",-1,-1)],br=[new i("ndan",-1,-1),new i("nden",-1,-1)],wr=[new i("la",-1,-1),new i("le",-1,-1)],_r=[new i("ca",-1,-1),new i("ce",-1,-1)],kr=[new i("im",-1,-1),new i("um",-1,-1),new i("üm",-1,-1),new i("ım",-1,-1)],pr=[new 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i("dün",-1,-1),new i("tün",-1,-1),new i("dın",-1,-1),new i("tın",-1,-1),new i("du",-1,-1),new i("tu",-1,-1),new i("dü",-1,-1),new i("tü",-1,-1),new i("dı",-1,-1),new i("tı",-1,-1)],Pr=[new i("sa",-1,-1),new i("se",-1,-1),new i("sak",-1,-1),new i("sek",-1,-1),new i("sam",-1,-1),new i("sem",-1,-1),new i("san",-1,-1),new i("sen",-1,-1)],Fr=[new i("miş",-1,-1),new i("muş",-1,-1),new i("müş",-1,-1),new i("mış",-1,-1)],Sr=[new i("b",-1,1),new i("c",-1,2),new i("d",-1,3),new i("ğ",-1,4)],Wr=[17,65,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,32,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],Lr=[1,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],xr=[1,64,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],Ar=[17,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,130],Er=[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],jr=[17],Tr=[65],Zr=[65],Br=[["a",xr,97,305],["e",Ar,101,252],["ı",Er,97,305],["i",jr,101,105],["o",Tr,111,117],["ö",Zr,246,252],["u",Tr,111,117]],Dr=new e;this.setCurrent=function(r){Dr.setCurrent(r)},this.getCurrent=function(){return Dr.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){return!!($()&&(Dr.limit_backward=Dr.cursor,Dr.cursor=Dr.limit,J(),Dr.cursor=Dr.limit,nr&&(R(),Dr.cursor=Dr.limit_backward,er())))}};return function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return n.setCurrent(r),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(r),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.tr.stemmer,"stemmer-tr"),r.tr.stopWordFilter=r.generateStopWordFilter("acaba altmış altı ama ancak arada aslında ayrıca bana bazı belki ben benden beni benim beri beş bile bin bir biri birkaç birkez birçok birşey birşeyi biz bizden bize bizi bizim bu buna bunda bundan bunlar bunları bunların bunu bunun burada böyle böylece da daha dahi de defa değil diye diğer doksan dokuz dolayı dolayısıyla dört edecek eden ederek edilecek ediliyor edilmesi ediyor elli en etmesi etti ettiği ettiğini eğer gibi göre halen hangi hatta hem henüz hep hepsi her herhangi herkesin hiç hiçbir iki ile ilgili ise itibaren itibariyle için işte kadar karşın katrilyon kendi kendilerine kendini kendisi kendisine kendisini kez ki kim kimden kime kimi kimse kırk milyar milyon mu mü mı nasıl ne neden nedenle nerde nerede nereye niye niçin o olan olarak oldu olduklarını olduğu olduğunu olmadı olmadığı olmak olması olmayan olmaz olsa olsun olup olur olursa oluyor on ona ondan onlar onlardan onları onların onu onun otuz oysa pek rağmen sadece sanki sekiz seksen sen senden seni senin siz sizden sizi sizin tarafından trilyon tüm var vardı ve veya ya yani yapacak yapmak yaptı yaptıkları yaptığı yaptığını yapılan yapılması yapıyor yedi yerine yetmiş yine yirmi yoksa yüz zaten çok çünkü öyle üzere üç şey şeyden şeyi şeyler şu şuna şunda şundan şunları şunu şöyle".split(" ")),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.tr.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-tr")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.vi.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.vi.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..22aed28c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.vi.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.vi=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.vi.stopWordFilter,e.vi.trimmer)},e.vi.wordCharacters="[A-Za-ẓ̀͐́͑̉̃̓ÂâÊêÔôĂ-ăĐ-đƠ-ơƯ-ư]",e.vi.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.vi.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.vi.trimmer,"trimmer-vi"),e.vi.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("là cái nhưng mà".split(" "))}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.zh.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.zh.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fda66e9c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.zh.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r(require("@node-rs/jieba")):r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(e){return function(r,t){if(void 0===r)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===r.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var i="2"==r.version[0];r.zh=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(r.zh.trimmer,r.zh.stopWordFilter,r.zh.stemmer),i?this.tokenizer=r.zh.tokenizer:(r.tokenizer&&(r.tokenizer=r.zh.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=r.zh.tokenizer))},r.zh.tokenizer=function(n){if(!arguments.length||null==n||void 0==n)return[];if(Array.isArray(n))return n.map(function(e){return i?new r.Token(e.toLowerCase()):e.toLowerCase()});t&&e.load(t);var o=n.toString().trim().toLowerCase(),s=[];e.cut(o,!0).forEach(function(e){s=s.concat(e.split(" "))}),s=s.filter(function(e){return!!e});var u=0;return s.map(function(e,t){if(i){var n=o.indexOf(e,u),s={};return s.position=[n,e.length],s.index=t,u=n,new r.Token(e,s)}return e})},r.zh.wordCharacters="\\w一-龥",r.zh.trimmer=r.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(r.zh.wordCharacters),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.trimmer,"trimmer-zh"),r.zh.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return e}}(),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.stemmer,"stemmer-zh"),r.zh.stopWordFilter=r.generateStopWordFilter("的 一 不 在 人 有 是 为 為 以 于 於 上 他 而 后 後 之 来 來 及 了 因 下 可 到 由 这 這 与 與 也 此 但 并 並 个 個 其 已 无 無 小 我 们 們 起 最 再 今 去 好 只 又 或 很 亦 某 把 那 你 乃 它 吧 被 比 别 趁 当 當 从 從 得 打 凡 儿 兒 尔 爾 该 該 各 给 給 跟 和 何 还 還 即 几 幾 既 看 据 據 距 靠 啦 另 么 麽 每 嘛 拿 哪 您 凭 憑 且 却 卻 让 讓 仍 啥 如 若 使 谁 誰 虽 雖 随 隨 同 所 她 哇 嗡 往 些 向 沿 哟 喲 用 咱 则 則 怎 曾 至 致 着 著 诸 諸 自".split(" ")),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-zh")}});
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diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/tinyseg.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/tinyseg.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..167fa6dd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/tinyseg.js
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/**
+ * export the module via AMD, CommonJS or as a browser global
+ * Export code from https://github.com/umdjs/umd/blob/master/returnExports.js
+ */
+;(function (root, factory) {
+ if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
+ // AMD. Register as an anonymous module.
+ define(factory)
+ } else if (typeof exports === 'object') {
+ /**
+ * Node. Does not work with strict CommonJS, but
+ * only CommonJS-like environments that support module.exports,
+ * like Node.
+ */
+ module.exports = factory()
+ } else {
+ // Browser globals (root is window)
+ factory()(root.lunr);
+ }
+}(this, function () {
+ /**
+ * Just return a value to define the module export.
+ * This example returns an object, but the module
+ * can return a function as the exported value.
+ */
+
+ return function(lunr) {
+ // TinySegmenter 0.1 -- Super compact Japanese tokenizer in Javascript
+ // (c) 2008 Taku Kudo
+ // TinySegmenter is freely distributable under the terms of a new BSD licence.
+ // For details, see http://chasen.org/~taku/software/TinySegmenter/LICENCE.txt
+
+ function TinySegmenter() {
+ var patterns = {
+ "[一二三四五六七八九十百千万億兆]":"M",
+ "[一-龠々〆ヵヶ]":"H",
+ "[ぁ-ん]":"I",
+ "[ァ-ヴーｱ-ﾝﾞｰ]":"K",
+ "[a-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ]":"A",
+ "[0-9０-９]":"N"
+ }
+ this.chartype_ = [];
+ for (var i in patterns) {
+ var regexp = new RegExp(i);
+ this.chartype_.push([regexp, patterns[i]]);
+ }
+
+ this.BIAS__ = -332
+ this.BC1__ = {"HH":6,"II":2461,"KH":406,"OH":-1378};
+ this.BC2__ = {"AA":-3267,"AI":2744,"AN":-878,"HH":-4070,"HM":-1711,"HN":4012,"HO":3761,"IA":1327,"IH":-1184,"II":-1332,"IK":1721,"IO":5492,"KI":3831,"KK":-8741,"MH":-3132,"MK":3334,"OO":-2920};
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+ this.BP2__ = {"BO":60,"OO":-1762};
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+ this.UW4__ = {",":3930,".":3508,"―":-4841,"、":3930,"。":3508,"〇":4999,"「":1895,"」":3798,"〓":-5156,"あ":4752,"い":-3435,"う":-640,"え":-2514,"お":2405,"か":530,"が":6006,"き":-4482,"ぎ":-3821,"く":-3788,"け":-4376,"げ":-4734,"こ":2255,"ご":1979,"さ":2864,"し":-843,"じ":-2506,"す":-731,"ず":1251,"せ":181,"そ":4091,"た":5034,"だ":5408,"ち":-3654,"っ":-5882,"つ":-1659,"て":3994,"で":7410,"と":4547,"な":5433,"に":6499,"ぬ":1853,"ね":1413,"の":7396,"は":8578,"ば":1940,"ひ":4249,"び":-4134,"ふ":1345,"へ":6665,"べ":-744,"ほ":1464,"ま":1051,"み":-2082,"む":-882,"め":-5046,"も":4169,"ゃ":-2666,"や":2795,"ょ":-1544,"よ":3351,"ら":-2922,"り":-9726,"る":-14896,"れ":-2613,"ろ":-4570,"わ":-1783,"を":13150,"ん":-2352,"カ":2145,"コ":1789,"セ":1287,"ッ":-724,"ト":-403,"メ":-1635,"ラ":-881,"リ":-541,"ル":-856,"ン":-3637,"・":-4371,"ー":-11870,"一":-2069,"中":2210,"予":782,"事":-190,"井":-1768,"人":1036,"以":544,"会":950,"体":-1286,"作":530,"側":4292,"先":601,"党":-2006,"共":-1212,"内":584,"円":788,"初":1347,"前":1623,"副":3879,"力":-302,"動":-740,"務":-2715,"化":776,"区":4517,"協":1013,"参":1555,"合":-1834,"和":-681,"員":-910,"器":-851,"回":1500,"国":-619,"園":-1200,"地":866,"場":-1410,"塁":-2094,"士":-1413,"多":1067,"大":571,"子":-4802,"学":-1397,"定":-1057,"寺":-809,"小":1910,"屋":-1328,"山":-1500,"島":-2056,"川":-2667,"市":2771,"年":374,"庁":-4556,"後":456,"性":553,"感":916,"所":-1566,"支":856,"改":787,"政":2182,"教":704,"文":522,"方":-856,"日":1798,"時":1829,"最":845,"月":-9066,"木":-485,"来":-442,"校":-360,"業":-1043,"氏":5388,"民":-2716,"気":-910,"沢":-939,"済":-543,"物":-735,"率":672,"球":-1267,"生":-1286,"産":-1101,"田":-2900,"町":1826,"的":2586,"目":922,"省":-3485,"県":2997,"空":-867,"立":-2112,"第":788,"米":2937,"系":786,"約":2171,"経":1146,"統":-1169,"総":940,"線":-994,"署":749,"者":2145,"能":-730,"般":-852,"行":-792,"規":792,"警":-1184,"議":-244,"谷":-1000,"賞":730,"車":-1481,"軍":1158,"輪":-1433,"込":-3370,"近":929,"道":-1291,"選":2596,"郎":-4866,"都":1192,"野":-1100,"銀":-2213,"長":357,"間":-2344,"院":-2297,"際":-2604,"電":-878,"領":-1659,"題":-792,"館":-1984,"首":1749,"高":2120,"｢":1895,"｣":3798,"･":-4371,"ｯ":-724,"ｰ":-11870,"ｶ":2145,"ｺ":1789,"ｾ":1287,"ﾄ":-403,"ﾒ":-1635,"ﾗ":-881,"ﾘ":-541,"ﾙ":-856,"ﾝ":-3637};
+ this.UW5__ = {",":465,".":-299,"1":-514,"E2":-32768,"]":-2762,"、":465,"。":-299,"「":363,"あ":1655,"い":331,"う":-503,"え":1199,"お":527,"か":647,"が":-421,"き":1624,"ぎ":1971,"く":312,"げ":-983,"さ":-1537,"し":-1371,"す":-852,"だ":-1186,"ち":1093,"っ":52,"つ":921,"て":-18,"で":-850,"と":-127,"ど":1682,"な":-787,"に":-1224,"の":-635,"は":-578,"べ":1001,"み":502,"め":865,"ゃ":3350,"ょ":854,"り":-208,"る":429,"れ":504,"わ":419,"を":-1264,"ん":327,"イ":241,"ル":451,"ン":-343,"中":-871,"京":722,"会":-1153,"党":-654,"務":3519,"区":-901,"告":848,"員":2104,"大":-1296,"学":-548,"定":1785,"嵐":-1304,"市":-2991,"席":921,"年":1763,"思":872,"所":-814,"挙":1618,"新":-1682,"日":218,"月":-4353,"査":932,"格":1356,"機":-1508,"氏":-1347,"田":240,"町":-3912,"的":-3149,"相":1319,"省":-1052,"県":-4003,"研":-997,"社":-278,"空":-813,"統":1955,"者":-2233,"表":663,"語":-1073,"議":1219,"選":-1018,"郎":-368,"長":786,"間":1191,"題":2368,"館":-689,"１":-514,"Ｅ２":-32768,"｢":363,"ｲ":241,"ﾙ":451,"ﾝ":-343};
+ this.UW6__ = {",":227,".":808,"1":-270,"E1":306,"、":227,"。":808,"あ":-307,"う":189,"か":241,"が":-73,"く":-121,"こ":-200,"じ":1782,"す":383,"た":-428,"っ":573,"て":-1014,"で":101,"と":-105,"な":-253,"に":-149,"の":-417,"は":-236,"も":-206,"り":187,"る":-135,"を":195,"ル":-673,"ン":-496,"一":-277,"中":201,"件":-800,"会":624,"前":302,"区":1792,"員":-1212,"委":798,"学":-960,"市":887,"広":-695,"後":535,"業":-697,"相":753,"社":-507,"福":974,"空":-822,"者":1811,"連":463,"郎":1082,"１":-270,"Ｅ１":306,"ﾙ":-673,"ﾝ":-496};
+
+ return this;
+ }
+ TinySegmenter.prototype.ctype_ = function(str) {
+ for (var i in this.chartype_) {
+ if (str.match(this.chartype_[i][0])) {
+ return this.chartype_[i][1];
+ }
+ }
+ return "O";
+ }
+
+ TinySegmenter.prototype.ts_ = function(v) {
+ if (v) { return v; }
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ TinySegmenter.prototype.segment = function(input) {
+ if (input == null || input == undefined || input == "") {
+ return [];
+ }
+ var result = [];
+ var seg = ["B3","B2","B1"];
+ var ctype = ["O","O","O"];
+ var o = input.split("");
+ for (i = 0; i < o.length; ++i) {
+ seg.push(o[i]);
+ ctype.push(this.ctype_(o[i]))
+ }
+ seg.push("E1");
+ seg.push("E2");
+ seg.push("E3");
+ ctype.push("O");
+ ctype.push("O");
+ ctype.push("O");
+ var word = seg[3];
+ var p1 = "U";
+ var p2 = "U";
+ var p3 = "U";
+ for (var i = 4; i < seg.length - 3; ++i) {
+ var score = this.BIAS__;
+ var w1 = seg[i-3];
+ var w2 = seg[i-2];
+ var w3 = seg[i-1];
+ var w4 = seg[i];
+ var w5 = seg[i+1];
+ var w6 = seg[i+2];
+ var c1 = ctype[i-3];
+ var c2 = ctype[i-2];
+ var c3 = ctype[i-1];
+ var c4 = ctype[i];
+ var c5 = ctype[i+1];
+ var c6 = ctype[i+2];
+ score += this.ts_(this.UP1__[p1]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UP2__[p2]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UP3__[p3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BP1__[p1 + p2]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BP2__[p2 + p3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UW1__[w1]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UW2__[w2]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UW3__[w3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UW4__[w4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UW5__[w5]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UW6__[w6]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BW1__[w2 + w3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BW2__[w3 + w4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BW3__[w4 + w5]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TW1__[w1 + w2 + w3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TW2__[w2 + w3 + w4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TW3__[w3 + w4 + w5]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TW4__[w4 + w5 + w6]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UC1__[c1]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UC2__[c2]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UC3__[c3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UC4__[c4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UC5__[c5]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UC6__[c6]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BC1__[c2 + c3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BC2__[c3 + c4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BC3__[c4 + c5]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TC1__[c1 + c2 + c3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TC2__[c2 + c3 + c4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TC3__[c3 + c4 + c5]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TC4__[c4 + c5 + c6]);
+ // score += this.ts_(this.TC5__[c4 + c5 + c6]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UQ1__[p1 + c1]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UQ2__[p2 + c2]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.UQ3__[p3 + c3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BQ1__[p2 + c2 + c3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BQ2__[p2 + c3 + c4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BQ3__[p3 + c2 + c3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.BQ4__[p3 + c3 + c4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TQ1__[p2 + c1 + c2 + c3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TQ2__[p2 + c2 + c3 + c4]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TQ3__[p3 + c1 + c2 + c3]);
+ score += this.ts_(this.TQ4__[p3 + c2 + c3 + c4]);
+ var p = "O";
+ if (score > 0) {
+ result.push(word);
+ word = "";
+ p = "B";
+ }
+ p1 = p2;
+ p2 = p3;
+ p3 = p;
+ word += seg[i];
+ }
+ result.push(word);
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ lunr.TinySegmenter = TinySegmenter;
+ };
+
+}));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/wordcut.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/wordcut.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d898c9ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/wordcut.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6708 @@
+(function(f){if(typeof exports==="object"&&typeof module!=="undefined"){module.exports=f()}else if(typeof define==="function"&&define.amd){define([],f)}else{var g;if(typeof window!=="undefined"){g=window}else if(typeof global!=="undefined"){g=global}else if(typeof self!=="undefined"){g=self}else{g=this}(g.lunr || (g.lunr = {})).wordcut = f()}})(function(){var define,module,exports;return (function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);var f=new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'");throw f.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",f}var l=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},l,l.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o 1;
+ })
+ this.addWords(words, false)
+ }
+ if(finalize){
+ this.finalizeDict();
+ }
+ },
+
+ dictSeek: function (l, r, ch, strOffset, pos) {
+ var ans = null;
+ while (l <= r) {
+ var m = Math.floor((l + r) / 2),
+ dict_item = this.dict[m],
+ len = dict_item.length;
+ if (len <= strOffset) {
+ l = m + 1;
+ } else {
+ var ch_ = dict_item[strOffset];
+ if (ch_ < ch) {
+ l = m + 1;
+ } else if (ch_ > ch) {
+ r = m - 1;
+ } else {
+ ans = m;
+ if (pos == LEFT) {
+ r = m - 1;
+ } else {
+ l = m + 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return ans;
+ },
+
+ isFinal: function (acceptor) {
+ return this.dict[acceptor.l].length == acceptor.strOffset;
+ },
+
+ createAcceptor: function () {
+ return {
+ l: 0,
+ r: this.dict.length - 1,
+ strOffset: 0,
+ isFinal: false,
+ dict: this,
+ transit: function (ch) {
+ return this.dict.transit(this, ch);
+ },
+ isError: false,
+ tag: "DICT",
+ w: 1,
+ type: "DICT"
+ };
+ },
+
+ transit: function (acceptor, ch) {
+ var l = this.dictSeek(acceptor.l,
+ acceptor.r,
+ ch,
+ acceptor.strOffset,
+ LEFT);
+ if (l !== null) {
+ var r = this.dictSeek(l,
+ acceptor.r,
+ ch,
+ acceptor.strOffset,
+ RIGHT);
+ acceptor.l = l;
+ acceptor.r = r;
+ acceptor.strOffset++;
+ acceptor.isFinal = this.isFinal(acceptor);
+ } else {
+ acceptor.isError = true;
+ }
+ return acceptor;
+ },
+
+ sortuniq: function(a){
+ return a.sort().filter(function(item, pos, arr){
+ return !pos || item != arr[pos - 1];
+ })
+ },
+
+ flatten: function(a){
+ //[[1,2],[3]] -> [1,2,3]
+ return [].concat.apply([], a);
+ }
+};
+module.exports = WordcutDict;
+
+}).call(this,"/dist/tmp")
+},{"glob":16,"path":22}],3:[function(require,module,exports){
+var WordRule = {
+ createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+ if (tag["WORD_RULE"])
+ return null;
+
+ return {strOffset: 0,
+ isFinal: false,
+ transit: function(ch) {
+ var lch = ch.toLowerCase();
+ if (lch >= "a" && lch <= "z") {
+ this.isFinal = true;
+ this.strOffset++;
+ } else {
+ this.isError = true;
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+ isError: false,
+ tag: "WORD_RULE",
+ type: "WORD_RULE",
+ w: 1};
+ }
+};
+
+var NumberRule = {
+ createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+ if (tag["NUMBER_RULE"])
+ return null;
+
+ return {strOffset: 0,
+ isFinal: false,
+ transit: function(ch) {
+ if (ch >= "0" && ch <= "9") {
+ this.isFinal = true;
+ this.strOffset++;
+ } else {
+ this.isError = true;
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+ isError: false,
+ tag: "NUMBER_RULE",
+ type: "NUMBER_RULE",
+ w: 1};
+ }
+};
+
+var SpaceRule = {
+ tag: "SPACE_RULE",
+ createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+
+ if (tag["SPACE_RULE"])
+ return null;
+
+ return {strOffset: 0,
+ isFinal: false,
+ transit: function(ch) {
+ if (ch == " " || ch == "\t" || ch == "\r" || ch == "\n" ||
+ ch == "\u00A0" || ch=="\u2003"//nbsp and emsp
+ ) {
+ this.isFinal = true;
+ this.strOffset++;
+ } else {
+ this.isError = true;
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+ isError: false,
+ tag: SpaceRule.tag,
+ w: 1,
+ type: "SPACE_RULE"};
+ }
+}
+
+var SingleSymbolRule = {
+ tag: "SINSYM",
+ createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+ return {strOffset: 0,
+ isFinal: false,
+ transit: function(ch) {
+ if (this.strOffset == 0 && ch.match(/^[\@\(\)\/\,\-\."`]$/)) {
+ this.isFinal = true;
+ this.strOffset++;
+ } else {
+ this.isError = true;
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+ isError: false,
+ tag: "SINSYM",
+ w: 1,
+ type: "SINSYM"};
+ }
+}
+
+
+var LatinRules = [WordRule, SpaceRule, SingleSymbolRule, NumberRule];
+
+module.exports = LatinRules;
+
+},{}],4:[function(require,module,exports){
+var _ = require("underscore")
+ , WordcutCore = require("./wordcut_core");
+var PathInfoBuilder = {
+
+ /*
+ buildByPartAcceptors: function(path, acceptors, i) {
+ var
+ var genInfos = partAcceptors.reduce(function(genInfos, acceptor) {
+
+ }, []);
+
+ return genInfos;
+ }
+ */
+
+ buildByAcceptors: function(path, finalAcceptors, i) {
+ var self = this;
+ var infos = finalAcceptors.map(function(acceptor) {
+ var p = i - acceptor.strOffset + 1
+ , _info = path[p];
+
+ var info = {p: p,
+ mw: _info.mw + (acceptor.mw === undefined ? 0 : acceptor.mw),
+ w: acceptor.w + _info.w,
+ unk: (acceptor.unk ? acceptor.unk : 0) + _info.unk,
+ type: acceptor.type};
+
+ if (acceptor.type == "PART") {
+ for(var j = p + 1; j <= i; j++) {
+ path[j].merge = p;
+ }
+ info.merge = p;
+ }
+
+ return info;
+ });
+ return infos.filter(function(info) { return info; });
+ },
+
+ fallback: function(path, leftBoundary, text, i) {
+ var _info = path[leftBoundary];
+ if (text[i].match(/[\u0E48-\u0E4E]/)) {
+ if (leftBoundary != 0)
+ leftBoundary = path[leftBoundary].p;
+ return {p: leftBoundary,
+ mw: 0,
+ w: 1 + _info.w,
+ unk: 1 + _info.unk,
+ type: "UNK"};
+/* } else if(leftBoundary > 0 && path[leftBoundary].type !== "UNK") {
+ leftBoundary = path[leftBoundary].p;
+ return {p: leftBoundary,
+ w: 1 + _info.w,
+ unk: 1 + _info.unk,
+ type: "UNK"}; */
+ } else {
+ return {p: leftBoundary,
+ mw: _info.mw,
+ w: 1 + _info.w,
+ unk: 1 + _info.unk,
+ type: "UNK"};
+ }
+ },
+
+ build: function(path, finalAcceptors, i, leftBoundary, text) {
+ var basicPathInfos = this.buildByAcceptors(path, finalAcceptors, i);
+ if (basicPathInfos.length > 0) {
+ return basicPathInfos;
+ } else {
+ return [this.fallback(path, leftBoundary, text, i)];
+ }
+ }
+};
+
+module.exports = function() {
+ return _.clone(PathInfoBuilder);
+}
+
+},{"./wordcut_core":8,"underscore":25}],5:[function(require,module,exports){
+var _ = require("underscore");
+
+
+var PathSelector = {
+ selectPath: function(paths) {
+ var path = paths.reduce(function(selectedPath, path) {
+ if (selectedPath == null) {
+ return path;
+ } else {
+ if (path.unk < selectedPath.unk)
+ return path;
+ if (path.unk == selectedPath.unk) {
+ if (path.mw < selectedPath.mw)
+ return path
+ if (path.mw == selectedPath.mw) {
+ if (path.w < selectedPath.w)
+ return path;
+ }
+ }
+ return selectedPath;
+ }
+ }, null);
+ return path;
+ },
+
+ createPath: function() {
+ return [{p:null, w:0, unk:0, type: "INIT", mw:0}];
+ }
+};
+
+module.exports = function() {
+ return _.clone(PathSelector);
+};
+
+},{"underscore":25}],6:[function(require,module,exports){
+function isMatch(pat, offset, ch) {
+ if (pat.length <= offset)
+ return false;
+ var _ch = pat[offset];
+ return _ch == ch ||
+ (_ch.match(/[กข]/) && ch.match(/[ก-ฮ]/)) ||
+ (_ch.match(/[มบ]/) && ch.match(/[ก-ฮ]/)) ||
+ (_ch.match(/\u0E49/) && ch.match(/[\u0E48-\u0E4B]/));
+}
+
+var Rule0 = {
+ pat: "เหก็ม",
+ createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+ return {strOffset: 0,
+ isFinal: false,
+ transit: function(ch) {
+ if (isMatch(Rule0.pat, this.strOffset,ch)) {
+ this.isFinal = (this.strOffset + 1 == Rule0.pat.length);
+ this.strOffset++;
+ } else {
+ this.isError = true;
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+ isError: false,
+ tag: "THAI_RULE",
+ type: "THAI_RULE",
+ w: 1};
+ }
+};
+
+var PartRule = {
+ createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+ return {strOffset: 0,
+ patterns: [
+ "แก", "เก", "ก้", "กก์", "กา", "กี", "กิ", "กืก"
+ ],
+ isFinal: false,
+ transit: function(ch) {
+ var offset = this.strOffset;
+ this.patterns = this.patterns.filter(function(pat) {
+ return isMatch(pat, offset, ch);
+ });
+
+ if (this.patterns.length > 0) {
+ var len = 1 + offset;
+ this.isFinal = this.patterns.some(function(pat) {
+ return pat.length == len;
+ });
+ this.strOffset++;
+ } else {
+ this.isError = true;
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+ isError: false,
+ tag: "PART",
+ type: "PART",
+ unk: 1,
+ w: 1};
+ }
+};
+
+var ThaiRules = [Rule0, PartRule];
+
+module.exports = ThaiRules;
+
+},{}],7:[function(require,module,exports){
+var sys = require("sys")
+ , WordcutDict = require("./dict")
+ , WordcutCore = require("./wordcut_core")
+ , PathInfoBuilder = require("./path_info_builder")
+ , PathSelector = require("./path_selector")
+ , Acceptors = require("./acceptors")
+ , latinRules = require("./latin_rules")
+ , thaiRules = require("./thai_rules")
+ , _ = require("underscore");
+
+
+var Wordcut = Object.create(WordcutCore);
+Wordcut.defaultPathInfoBuilder = PathInfoBuilder;
+Wordcut.defaultPathSelector = PathSelector;
+Wordcut.defaultAcceptors = Acceptors;
+Wordcut.defaultLatinRules = latinRules;
+Wordcut.defaultThaiRules = thaiRules;
+Wordcut.defaultDict = WordcutDict;
+
+
+Wordcut.initNoDict = function(dict_path) {
+ var self = this;
+ self.pathInfoBuilder = new self.defaultPathInfoBuilder;
+ self.pathSelector = new self.defaultPathSelector;
+ self.acceptors = new self.defaultAcceptors;
+ self.defaultLatinRules.forEach(function(rule) {
+ self.acceptors.creators.push(rule);
+ });
+ self.defaultThaiRules.forEach(function(rule) {
+ self.acceptors.creators.push(rule);
+ });
+};
+
+Wordcut.init = function(dict_path, withDefault, additionalWords) {
+ withDefault = withDefault || false;
+ this.initNoDict();
+ var dict = _.clone(this.defaultDict);
+ dict.init(dict_path, withDefault, additionalWords);
+ this.acceptors.creators.push(dict);
+};
+
+module.exports = Wordcut;
+
+},{"./acceptors":1,"./dict":2,"./latin_rules":3,"./path_info_builder":4,"./path_selector":5,"./thai_rules":6,"./wordcut_core":8,"sys":28,"underscore":25}],8:[function(require,module,exports){
+var WordcutCore = {
+
+ buildPath: function(text) {
+ var self = this
+ , path = self.pathSelector.createPath()
+ , leftBoundary = 0;
+ self.acceptors.reset();
+ for (var i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
+ var ch = text[i];
+ self.acceptors.transit(ch);
+
+ var possiblePathInfos = self
+ .pathInfoBuilder
+ .build(path,
+ self.acceptors.getFinalAcceptors(),
+ i,
+ leftBoundary,
+ text);
+ var selectedPath = self.pathSelector.selectPath(possiblePathInfos)
+
+ path.push(selectedPath);
+ if (selectedPath.type !== "UNK") {
+ leftBoundary = i;
+ }
+ }
+ return path;
+ },
+
+ pathToRanges: function(path) {
+ var e = path.length - 1
+ , ranges = [];
+
+ while (e > 0) {
+ var info = path[e]
+ , s = info.p;
+
+ if (info.merge !== undefined && ranges.length > 0) {
+ var r = ranges[ranges.length - 1];
+ r.s = info.merge;
+ s = r.s;
+ } else {
+ ranges.push({s:s, e:e});
+ }
+ e = s;
+ }
+ return ranges.reverse();
+ },
+
+ rangesToText: function(text, ranges, delimiter) {
+ return ranges.map(function(r) {
+ return text.substring(r.s, r.e);
+ }).join(delimiter);
+ },
+
+ cut: function(text, delimiter) {
+ var path = this.buildPath(text)
+ , ranges = this.pathToRanges(path);
+ return this
+ .rangesToText(text, ranges,
+ (delimiter === undefined ? "|" : delimiter));
+ },
+
+ cutIntoRanges: function(text, noText) {
+ var path = this.buildPath(text)
+ , ranges = this.pathToRanges(path);
+
+ if (!noText) {
+ ranges.forEach(function(r) {
+ r.text = text.substring(r.s, r.e);
+ });
+ }
+ return ranges;
+ },
+
+ cutIntoArray: function(text) {
+ var path = this.buildPath(text)
+ , ranges = this.pathToRanges(path);
+
+ return ranges.map(function(r) {
+ return text.substring(r.s, r.e)
+ });
+ }
+};
+
+module.exports = WordcutCore;
+
+},{}],9:[function(require,module,exports){
+// http://wiki.commonjs.org/wiki/Unit_Testing/1.0
+//
+// THIS IS NOT TESTED NOR LIKELY TO WORK OUTSIDE V8!
+//
+// Originally from narwhal.js (http://narwhaljs.org)
+// Copyright (c) 2009 Thomas Robinson <280north.com>
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to
+// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+// ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// when used in node, this will actually load the util module we depend on
+// versus loading the builtin util module as happens otherwise
+// this is a bug in node module loading as far as I am concerned
+var util = require('util/');
+
+var pSlice = Array.prototype.slice;
+var hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
+
+// 1. The assert module provides functions that throw
+// AssertionError's when particular conditions are not met. The
+// assert module must conform to the following interface.
+
+var assert = module.exports = ok;
+
+// 2. The AssertionError is defined in assert.
+// new assert.AssertionError({ message: message,
+// actual: actual,
+// expected: expected })
+
+assert.AssertionError = function AssertionError(options) {
+ this.name = 'AssertionError';
+ this.actual = options.actual;
+ this.expected = options.expected;
+ this.operator = options.operator;
+ if (options.message) {
+ this.message = options.message;
+ this.generatedMessage = false;
+ } else {
+ this.message = getMessage(this);
+ this.generatedMessage = true;
+ }
+ var stackStartFunction = options.stackStartFunction || fail;
+
+ if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
+ Error.captureStackTrace(this, stackStartFunction);
+ }
+ else {
+ // non v8 browsers so we can have a stacktrace
+ var err = new Error();
+ if (err.stack) {
+ var out = err.stack;
+
+ // try to strip useless frames
+ var fn_name = stackStartFunction.name;
+ var idx = out.indexOf('\n' + fn_name);
+ if (idx >= 0) {
+ // once we have located the function frame
+ // we need to strip out everything before it (and its line)
+ var next_line = out.indexOf('\n', idx + 1);
+ out = out.substring(next_line + 1);
+ }
+
+ this.stack = out;
+ }
+ }
+};
+
+// assert.AssertionError instanceof Error
+util.inherits(assert.AssertionError, Error);
+
+function replacer(key, value) {
+ if (util.isUndefined(value)) {
+ return '' + value;
+ }
+ if (util.isNumber(value) && !isFinite(value)) {
+ return value.toString();
+ }
+ if (util.isFunction(value) || util.isRegExp(value)) {
+ return value.toString();
+ }
+ return value;
+}
+
+function truncate(s, n) {
+ if (util.isString(s)) {
+ return s.length < n ? s : s.slice(0, n);
+ } else {
+ return s;
+ }
+}
+
+function getMessage(self) {
+ return truncate(JSON.stringify(self.actual, replacer), 128) + ' ' +
+ self.operator + ' ' +
+ truncate(JSON.stringify(self.expected, replacer), 128);
+}
+
+// At present only the three keys mentioned above are used and
+// understood by the spec. Implementations or sub modules can pass
+// other keys to the AssertionError's constructor - they will be
+// ignored.
+
+// 3. All of the following functions must throw an AssertionError
+// when a corresponding condition is not met, with a message that
+// may be undefined if not provided. All assertion methods provide
+// both the actual and expected values to the assertion error for
+// display purposes.
+
+function fail(actual, expected, message, operator, stackStartFunction) {
+ throw new assert.AssertionError({
+ message: message,
+ actual: actual,
+ expected: expected,
+ operator: operator,
+ stackStartFunction: stackStartFunction
+ });
+}
+
+// EXTENSION! allows for well behaved errors defined elsewhere.
+assert.fail = fail;
+
+// 4. Pure assertion tests whether a value is truthy, as determined
+// by !!guard.
+// assert.ok(guard, message_opt);
+// This statement is equivalent to assert.equal(true, !!guard,
+// message_opt);. To test strictly for the value true, use
+// assert.strictEqual(true, guard, message_opt);.
+
+function ok(value, message) {
+ if (!value) fail(value, true, message, '==', assert.ok);
+}
+assert.ok = ok;
+
+// 5. The equality assertion tests shallow, coercive equality with
+// ==.
+// assert.equal(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.equal = function equal(actual, expected, message) {
+ if (actual != expected) fail(actual, expected, message, '==', assert.equal);
+};
+
+// 6. The non-equality assertion tests for whether two objects are not equal
+// with != assert.notEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notEqual = function notEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+ if (actual == expected) {
+ fail(actual, expected, message, '!=', assert.notEqual);
+ }
+};
+
+// 7. The equivalence assertion tests a deep equality relation.
+// assert.deepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.deepEqual = function deepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+ if (!_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
+ fail(actual, expected, message, 'deepEqual', assert.deepEqual);
+ }
+};
+
+function _deepEqual(actual, expected) {
+ // 7.1. All identical values are equivalent, as determined by ===.
+ if (actual === expected) {
+ return true;
+
+ } else if (util.isBuffer(actual) && util.isBuffer(expected)) {
+ if (actual.length != expected.length) return false;
+
+ for (var i = 0; i < actual.length; i++) {
+ if (actual[i] !== expected[i]) return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+
+ // 7.2. If the expected value is a Date object, the actual value is
+ // equivalent if it is also a Date object that refers to the same time.
+ } else if (util.isDate(actual) && util.isDate(expected)) {
+ return actual.getTime() === expected.getTime();
+
+ // 7.3 If the expected value is a RegExp object, the actual value is
+ // equivalent if it is also a RegExp object with the same source and
+ // properties (`global`, `multiline`, `lastIndex`, `ignoreCase`).
+ } else if (util.isRegExp(actual) && util.isRegExp(expected)) {
+ return actual.source === expected.source &&
+ actual.global === expected.global &&
+ actual.multiline === expected.multiline &&
+ actual.lastIndex === expected.lastIndex &&
+ actual.ignoreCase === expected.ignoreCase;
+
+ // 7.4. Other pairs that do not both pass typeof value == 'object',
+ // equivalence is determined by ==.
+ } else if (!util.isObject(actual) && !util.isObject(expected)) {
+ return actual == expected;
+
+ // 7.5 For all other Object pairs, including Array objects, equivalence is
+ // determined by having the same number of owned properties (as verified
+ // with Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call), the same set of keys
+ // (although not necessarily the same order), equivalent values for every
+ // corresponding key, and an identical 'prototype' property. Note: this
+ // accounts for both named and indexed properties on Arrays.
+ } else {
+ return objEquiv(actual, expected);
+ }
+}
+
+function isArguments(object) {
+ return Object.prototype.toString.call(object) == '[object Arguments]';
+}
+
+function objEquiv(a, b) {
+ if (util.isNullOrUndefined(a) || util.isNullOrUndefined(b))
+ return false;
+ // an identical 'prototype' property.
+ if (a.prototype !== b.prototype) return false;
+ // if one is a primitive, the other must be same
+ if (util.isPrimitive(a) || util.isPrimitive(b)) {
+ return a === b;
+ }
+ var aIsArgs = isArguments(a),
+ bIsArgs = isArguments(b);
+ if ((aIsArgs && !bIsArgs) || (!aIsArgs && bIsArgs))
+ return false;
+ if (aIsArgs) {
+ a = pSlice.call(a);
+ b = pSlice.call(b);
+ return _deepEqual(a, b);
+ }
+ var ka = objectKeys(a),
+ kb = objectKeys(b),
+ key, i;
+ // having the same number of owned properties (keys incorporates
+ // hasOwnProperty)
+ if (ka.length != kb.length)
+ return false;
+ //the same set of keys (although not necessarily the same order),
+ ka.sort();
+ kb.sort();
+ //~~~cheap key test
+ for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+ if (ka[i] != kb[i])
+ return false;
+ }
+ //equivalent values for every corresponding key, and
+ //~~~possibly expensive deep test
+ for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+ key = ka[i];
+ if (!_deepEqual(a[key], b[key])) return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+// 8. The non-equivalence assertion tests for any deep inequality.
+// assert.notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notDeepEqual = function notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+ if (_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
+ fail(actual, expected, message, 'notDeepEqual', assert.notDeepEqual);
+ }
+};
+
+// 9. The strict equality assertion tests strict equality, as determined by ===.
+// assert.strictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.strictEqual = function strictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+ if (actual !== expected) {
+ fail(actual, expected, message, '===', assert.strictEqual);
+ }
+};
+
+// 10. The strict non-equality assertion tests for strict inequality, as
+// determined by !==. assert.notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notStrictEqual = function notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+ if (actual === expected) {
+ fail(actual, expected, message, '!==', assert.notStrictEqual);
+ }
+};
+
+function expectedException(actual, expected) {
+ if (!actual || !expected) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (Object.prototype.toString.call(expected) == '[object RegExp]') {
+ return expected.test(actual);
+ } else if (actual instanceof expected) {
+ return true;
+ } else if (expected.call({}, actual) === true) {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+function _throws(shouldThrow, block, expected, message) {
+ var actual;
+
+ if (util.isString(expected)) {
+ message = expected;
+ expected = null;
+ }
+
+ try {
+ block();
+ } catch (e) {
+ actual = e;
+ }
+
+ message = (expected && expected.name ? ' (' + expected.name + ').' : '.') +
+ (message ? ' ' + message : '.');
+
+ if (shouldThrow && !actual) {
+ fail(actual, expected, 'Missing expected exception' + message);
+ }
+
+ if (!shouldThrow && expectedException(actual, expected)) {
+ fail(actual, expected, 'Got unwanted exception' + message);
+ }
+
+ if ((shouldThrow && actual && expected &&
+ !expectedException(actual, expected)) || (!shouldThrow && actual)) {
+ throw actual;
+ }
+}
+
+// 11. Expected to throw an error:
+// assert.throws(block, Error_opt, message_opt);
+
+assert.throws = function(block, /*optional*/error, /*optional*/message) {
+ _throws.apply(this, [true].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
+};
+
+// EXTENSION! This is annoying to write outside this module.
+assert.doesNotThrow = function(block, /*optional*/message) {
+ _throws.apply(this, [false].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
+};
+
+assert.ifError = function(err) { if (err) {throw err;}};
+
+var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
+ var keys = [];
+ for (var key in obj) {
+ if (hasOwn.call(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
+ }
+ return keys;
+};
+
+},{"util/":28}],10:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
+module.exports = balanced;
+function balanced(a, b, str) {
+ if (a instanceof RegExp) a = maybeMatch(a, str);
+ if (b instanceof RegExp) b = maybeMatch(b, str);
+
+ var r = range(a, b, str);
+
+ return r && {
+ start: r[0],
+ end: r[1],
+ pre: str.slice(0, r[0]),
+ body: str.slice(r[0] + a.length, r[1]),
+ post: str.slice(r[1] + b.length)
+ };
+}
+
+function maybeMatch(reg, str) {
+ var m = str.match(reg);
+ return m ? m[0] : null;
+}
+
+balanced.range = range;
+function range(a, b, str) {
+ var begs, beg, left, right, result;
+ var ai = str.indexOf(a);
+ var bi = str.indexOf(b, ai + 1);
+ var i = ai;
+
+ if (ai >= 0 && bi > 0) {
+ begs = [];
+ left = str.length;
+
+ while (i >= 0 && !result) {
+ if (i == ai) {
+ begs.push(i);
+ ai = str.indexOf(a, i + 1);
+ } else if (begs.length == 1) {
+ result = [ begs.pop(), bi ];
+ } else {
+ beg = begs.pop();
+ if (beg < left) {
+ left = beg;
+ right = bi;
+ }
+
+ bi = str.indexOf(b, i + 1);
+ }
+
+ i = ai < bi && ai >= 0 ? ai : bi;
+ }
+
+ if (begs.length) {
+ result = [ left, right ];
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+},{}],11:[function(require,module,exports){
+var concatMap = require('concat-map');
+var balanced = require('balanced-match');
+
+module.exports = expandTop;
+
+var escSlash = '\0SLASH'+Math.random()+'\0';
+var escOpen = '\0OPEN'+Math.random()+'\0';
+var escClose = '\0CLOSE'+Math.random()+'\0';
+var escComma = '\0COMMA'+Math.random()+'\0';
+var escPeriod = '\0PERIOD'+Math.random()+'\0';
+
+function numeric(str) {
+ return parseInt(str, 10) == str
+ ? parseInt(str, 10)
+ : str.charCodeAt(0);
+}
+
+function escapeBraces(str) {
+ return str.split('\\\\').join(escSlash)
+ .split('\\{').join(escOpen)
+ .split('\\}').join(escClose)
+ .split('\\,').join(escComma)
+ .split('\\.').join(escPeriod);
+}
+
+function unescapeBraces(str) {
+ return str.split(escSlash).join('\\')
+ .split(escOpen).join('{')
+ .split(escClose).join('}')
+ .split(escComma).join(',')
+ .split(escPeriod).join('.');
+}
+
+
+// Basically just str.split(","), but handling cases
+// where we have nested braced sections, which should be
+// treated as individual members, like {a,{b,c},d}
+function parseCommaParts(str) {
+ if (!str)
+ return [''];
+
+ var parts = [];
+ var m = balanced('{', '}', str);
+
+ if (!m)
+ return str.split(',');
+
+ var pre = m.pre;
+ var body = m.body;
+ var post = m.post;
+ var p = pre.split(',');
+
+ p[p.length-1] += '{' + body + '}';
+ var postParts = parseCommaParts(post);
+ if (post.length) {
+ p[p.length-1] += postParts.shift();
+ p.push.apply(p, postParts);
+ }
+
+ parts.push.apply(parts, p);
+
+ return parts;
+}
+
+function expandTop(str) {
+ if (!str)
+ return [];
+
+ // I don't know why Bash 4.3 does this, but it does.
+ // Anything starting with {} will have the first two bytes preserved
+ // but *only* at the top level, so {},a}b will not expand to anything,
+ // but a{},b}c will be expanded to [a}c,abc].
+ // One could argue that this is a bug in Bash, but since the goal of
+ // this module is to match Bash's rules, we escape a leading {}
+ if (str.substr(0, 2) === '{}') {
+ str = '\\{\\}' + str.substr(2);
+ }
+
+ return expand(escapeBraces(str), true).map(unescapeBraces);
+}
+
+function identity(e) {
+ return e;
+}
+
+function embrace(str) {
+ return '{' + str + '}';
+}
+function isPadded(el) {
+ return /^-?0\d/.test(el);
+}
+
+function lte(i, y) {
+ return i <= y;
+}
+function gte(i, y) {
+ return i >= y;
+}
+
+function expand(str, isTop) {
+ var expansions = [];
+
+ var m = balanced('{', '}', str);
+ if (!m || /\$$/.test(m.pre)) return [str];
+
+ var isNumericSequence = /^-?\d+\.\.-?\d+(?:\.\.-?\d+)?$/.test(m.body);
+ var isAlphaSequence = /^[a-zA-Z]\.\.[a-zA-Z](?:\.\.-?\d+)?$/.test(m.body);
+ var isSequence = isNumericSequence || isAlphaSequence;
+ var isOptions = m.body.indexOf(',') >= 0;
+ if (!isSequence && !isOptions) {
+ // {a},b}
+ if (m.post.match(/,.*\}/)) {
+ str = m.pre + '{' + m.body + escClose + m.post;
+ return expand(str);
+ }
+ return [str];
+ }
+
+ var n;
+ if (isSequence) {
+ n = m.body.split(/\.\./);
+ } else {
+ n = parseCommaParts(m.body);
+ if (n.length === 1) {
+ // x{{a,b}}y ==> x{a}y x{b}y
+ n = expand(n[0], false).map(embrace);
+ if (n.length === 1) {
+ var post = m.post.length
+ ? expand(m.post, false)
+ : [''];
+ return post.map(function(p) {
+ return m.pre + n[0] + p;
+ });
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // at this point, n is the parts, and we know it's not a comma set
+ // with a single entry.
+
+ // no need to expand pre, since it is guaranteed to be free of brace-sets
+ var pre = m.pre;
+ var post = m.post.length
+ ? expand(m.post, false)
+ : [''];
+
+ var N;
+
+ if (isSequence) {
+ var x = numeric(n[0]);
+ var y = numeric(n[1]);
+ var width = Math.max(n[0].length, n[1].length)
+ var incr = n.length == 3
+ ? Math.abs(numeric(n[2]))
+ : 1;
+ var test = lte;
+ var reverse = y < x;
+ if (reverse) {
+ incr *= -1;
+ test = gte;
+ }
+ var pad = n.some(isPadded);
+
+ N = [];
+
+ for (var i = x; test(i, y); i += incr) {
+ var c;
+ if (isAlphaSequence) {
+ c = String.fromCharCode(i);
+ if (c === '\\')
+ c = '';
+ } else {
+ c = String(i);
+ if (pad) {
+ var need = width - c.length;
+ if (need > 0) {
+ var z = new Array(need + 1).join('0');
+ if (i < 0)
+ c = '-' + z + c.slice(1);
+ else
+ c = z + c;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ N.push(c);
+ }
+ } else {
+ N = concatMap(n, function(el) { return expand(el, false) });
+ }
+
+ for (var j = 0; j < N.length; j++) {
+ for (var k = 0; k < post.length; k++) {
+ var expansion = pre + N[j] + post[k];
+ if (!isTop || isSequence || expansion)
+ expansions.push(expansion);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return expansions;
+}
+
+
+},{"balanced-match":10,"concat-map":13}],12:[function(require,module,exports){
+
+},{}],13:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = function (xs, fn) {
+ var res = [];
+ for (var i = 0; i < xs.length; i++) {
+ var x = fn(xs[i], i);
+ if (isArray(x)) res.push.apply(res, x);
+ else res.push(x);
+ }
+ return res;
+};
+
+var isArray = Array.isArray || function (xs) {
+ return Object.prototype.toString.call(xs) === '[object Array]';
+};
+
+},{}],14:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+function EventEmitter() {
+ this._events = this._events || {};
+ this._maxListeners = this._maxListeners || undefined;
+}
+module.exports = EventEmitter;
+
+// Backwards-compat with node 0.10.x
+EventEmitter.EventEmitter = EventEmitter;
+
+EventEmitter.prototype._events = undefined;
+EventEmitter.prototype._maxListeners = undefined;
+
+// By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are
+// added to it. This is a useful default which helps finding memory leaks.
+EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners = 10;
+
+// Obviously not all Emitters should be limited to 10. This function allows
+// that to be increased. Set to zero for unlimited.
+EventEmitter.prototype.setMaxListeners = function(n) {
+ if (!isNumber(n) || n < 0 || isNaN(n))
+ throw TypeError('n must be a positive number');
+ this._maxListeners = n;
+ return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.emit = function(type) {
+ var er, handler, len, args, i, listeners;
+
+ if (!this._events)
+ this._events = {};
+
+ // If there is no 'error' event listener then throw.
+ if (type === 'error') {
+ if (!this._events.error ||
+ (isObject(this._events.error) && !this._events.error.length)) {
+ er = arguments[1];
+ if (er instanceof Error) {
+ throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event
+ }
+ throw TypeError('Uncaught, unspecified "error" event.');
+ }
+ }
+
+ handler = this._events[type];
+
+ if (isUndefined(handler))
+ return false;
+
+ if (isFunction(handler)) {
+ switch (arguments.length) {
+ // fast cases
+ case 1:
+ handler.call(this);
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ handler.call(this, arguments[1]);
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ handler.call(this, arguments[1], arguments[2]);
+ break;
+ // slower
+ default:
+ len = arguments.length;
+ args = new Array(len - 1);
+ for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
+ args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+ handler.apply(this, args);
+ }
+ } else if (isObject(handler)) {
+ len = arguments.length;
+ args = new Array(len - 1);
+ for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
+ args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+
+ listeners = handler.slice();
+ len = listeners.length;
+ for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+ listeners[i].apply(this, args);
+ }
+
+ return true;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.addListener = function(type, listener) {
+ var m;
+
+ if (!isFunction(listener))
+ throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+ if (!this._events)
+ this._events = {};
+
+ // To avoid recursion in the case that type === "newListener"! Before
+ // adding it to the listeners, first emit "newListener".
+ if (this._events.newListener)
+ this.emit('newListener', type,
+ isFunction(listener.listener) ?
+ listener.listener : listener);
+
+ if (!this._events[type])
+ // Optimize the case of one listener. Don't need the extra array object.
+ this._events[type] = listener;
+ else if (isObject(this._events[type]))
+ // If we've already got an array, just append.
+ this._events[type].push(listener);
+ else
+ // Adding the second element, need to change to array.
+ this._events[type] = [this._events[type], listener];
+
+ // Check for listener leak
+ if (isObject(this._events[type]) && !this._events[type].warned) {
+ var m;
+ if (!isUndefined(this._maxListeners)) {
+ m = this._maxListeners;
+ } else {
+ m = EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners;
+ }
+
+ if (m && m > 0 && this._events[type].length > m) {
+ this._events[type].warned = true;
+ console.error('(node) warning: possible EventEmitter memory ' +
+ 'leak detected. %d listeners added. ' +
+ 'Use emitter.setMaxListeners() to increase limit.',
+ this._events[type].length);
+ if (typeof console.trace === 'function') {
+ // not supported in IE 10
+ console.trace();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.on = EventEmitter.prototype.addListener;
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.once = function(type, listener) {
+ if (!isFunction(listener))
+ throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+ var fired = false;
+
+ function g() {
+ this.removeListener(type, g);
+
+ if (!fired) {
+ fired = true;
+ listener.apply(this, arguments);
+ }
+ }
+
+ g.listener = listener;
+ this.on(type, g);
+
+ return this;
+};
+
+// emits a 'removeListener' event iff the listener was removed
+EventEmitter.prototype.removeListener = function(type, listener) {
+ var list, position, length, i;
+
+ if (!isFunction(listener))
+ throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+ if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
+ return this;
+
+ list = this._events[type];
+ length = list.length;
+ position = -1;
+
+ if (list === listener ||
+ (isFunction(list.listener) && list.listener === listener)) {
+ delete this._events[type];
+ if (this._events.removeListener)
+ this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
+
+ } else if (isObject(list)) {
+ for (i = length; i-- > 0;) {
+ if (list[i] === listener ||
+ (list[i].listener && list[i].listener === listener)) {
+ position = i;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (position < 0)
+ return this;
+
+ if (list.length === 1) {
+ list.length = 0;
+ delete this._events[type];
+ } else {
+ list.splice(position, 1);
+ }
+
+ if (this._events.removeListener)
+ this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
+ }
+
+ return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.removeAllListeners = function(type) {
+ var key, listeners;
+
+ if (!this._events)
+ return this;
+
+ // not listening for removeListener, no need to emit
+ if (!this._events.removeListener) {
+ if (arguments.length === 0)
+ this._events = {};
+ else if (this._events[type])
+ delete this._events[type];
+ return this;
+ }
+
+ // emit removeListener for all listeners on all events
+ if (arguments.length === 0) {
+ for (key in this._events) {
+ if (key === 'removeListener') continue;
+ this.removeAllListeners(key);
+ }
+ this.removeAllListeners('removeListener');
+ this._events = {};
+ return this;
+ }
+
+ listeners = this._events[type];
+
+ if (isFunction(listeners)) {
+ this.removeListener(type, listeners);
+ } else {
+ // LIFO order
+ while (listeners.length)
+ this.removeListener(type, listeners[listeners.length - 1]);
+ }
+ delete this._events[type];
+
+ return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.listeners = function(type) {
+ var ret;
+ if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
+ ret = [];
+ else if (isFunction(this._events[type]))
+ ret = [this._events[type]];
+ else
+ ret = this._events[type].slice();
+ return ret;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.listenerCount = function(emitter, type) {
+ var ret;
+ if (!emitter._events || !emitter._events[type])
+ ret = 0;
+ else if (isFunction(emitter._events[type]))
+ ret = 1;
+ else
+ ret = emitter._events[type].length;
+ return ret;
+};
+
+function isFunction(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'function';
+}
+
+function isNumber(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'number';
+}
+
+function isObject(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+ return arg === void 0;
+}
+
+},{}],15:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+exports.alphasort = alphasort
+exports.alphasorti = alphasorti
+exports.setopts = setopts
+exports.ownProp = ownProp
+exports.makeAbs = makeAbs
+exports.finish = finish
+exports.mark = mark
+exports.isIgnored = isIgnored
+exports.childrenIgnored = childrenIgnored
+
+function ownProp (obj, field) {
+ return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, field)
+}
+
+var path = require("path")
+var minimatch = require("minimatch")
+var isAbsolute = require("path-is-absolute")
+var Minimatch = minimatch.Minimatch
+
+function alphasorti (a, b) {
+ return a.toLowerCase().localeCompare(b.toLowerCase())
+}
+
+function alphasort (a, b) {
+ return a.localeCompare(b)
+}
+
+function setupIgnores (self, options) {
+ self.ignore = options.ignore || []
+
+ if (!Array.isArray(self.ignore))
+ self.ignore = [self.ignore]
+
+ if (self.ignore.length) {
+ self.ignore = self.ignore.map(ignoreMap)
+ }
+}
+
+function ignoreMap (pattern) {
+ var gmatcher = null
+ if (pattern.slice(-3) === '/**') {
+ var gpattern = pattern.replace(/(\/\*\*)+$/, '')
+ gmatcher = new Minimatch(gpattern)
+ }
+
+ return {
+ matcher: new Minimatch(pattern),
+ gmatcher: gmatcher
+ }
+}
+
+function setopts (self, pattern, options) {
+ if (!options)
+ options = {}
+
+ // base-matching: just use globstar for that.
+ if (options.matchBase && -1 === pattern.indexOf("/")) {
+ if (options.noglobstar) {
+ throw new Error("base matching requires globstar")
+ }
+ pattern = "**/" + pattern
+ }
+
+ self.silent = !!options.silent
+ self.pattern = pattern
+ self.strict = options.strict !== false
+ self.realpath = !!options.realpath
+ self.realpathCache = options.realpathCache || Object.create(null)
+ self.follow = !!options.follow
+ self.dot = !!options.dot
+ self.mark = !!options.mark
+ self.nodir = !!options.nodir
+ if (self.nodir)
+ self.mark = true
+ self.sync = !!options.sync
+ self.nounique = !!options.nounique
+ self.nonull = !!options.nonull
+ self.nosort = !!options.nosort
+ self.nocase = !!options.nocase
+ self.stat = !!options.stat
+ self.noprocess = !!options.noprocess
+
+ self.maxLength = options.maxLength || Infinity
+ self.cache = options.cache || Object.create(null)
+ self.statCache = options.statCache || Object.create(null)
+ self.symlinks = options.symlinks || Object.create(null)
+
+ setupIgnores(self, options)
+
+ self.changedCwd = false
+ var cwd = process.cwd()
+ if (!ownProp(options, "cwd"))
+ self.cwd = cwd
+ else {
+ self.cwd = options.cwd
+ self.changedCwd = path.resolve(options.cwd) !== cwd
+ }
+
+ self.root = options.root || path.resolve(self.cwd, "/")
+ self.root = path.resolve(self.root)
+ if (process.platform === "win32")
+ self.root = self.root.replace(/\\/g, "/")
+
+ self.nomount = !!options.nomount
+
+ // disable comments and negation unless the user explicitly
+ // passes in false as the option.
+ options.nonegate = options.nonegate === false ? false : true
+ options.nocomment = options.nocomment === false ? false : true
+ deprecationWarning(options)
+
+ self.minimatch = new Minimatch(pattern, options)
+ self.options = self.minimatch.options
+}
+
+// TODO(isaacs): remove entirely in v6
+// exported to reset in tests
+exports.deprecationWarned
+function deprecationWarning(options) {
+ if (!options.nonegate || !options.nocomment) {
+ if (process.noDeprecation !== true && !exports.deprecationWarned) {
+ var msg = 'glob WARNING: comments and negation will be disabled in v6'
+ if (process.throwDeprecation)
+ throw new Error(msg)
+ else if (process.traceDeprecation)
+ console.trace(msg)
+ else
+ console.error(msg)
+
+ exports.deprecationWarned = true
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+function finish (self) {
+ var nou = self.nounique
+ var all = nou ? [] : Object.create(null)
+
+ for (var i = 0, l = self.matches.length; i < l; i ++) {
+ var matches = self.matches[i]
+ if (!matches || Object.keys(matches).length === 0) {
+ if (self.nonull) {
+ // do like the shell, and spit out the literal glob
+ var literal = self.minimatch.globSet[i]
+ if (nou)
+ all.push(literal)
+ else
+ all[literal] = true
+ }
+ } else {
+ // had matches
+ var m = Object.keys(matches)
+ if (nou)
+ all.push.apply(all, m)
+ else
+ m.forEach(function (m) {
+ all[m] = true
+ })
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!nou)
+ all = Object.keys(all)
+
+ if (!self.nosort)
+ all = all.sort(self.nocase ? alphasorti : alphasort)
+
+ // at *some* point we statted all of these
+ if (self.mark) {
+ for (var i = 0; i < all.length; i++) {
+ all[i] = self._mark(all[i])
+ }
+ if (self.nodir) {
+ all = all.filter(function (e) {
+ return !(/\/$/.test(e))
+ })
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (self.ignore.length)
+ all = all.filter(function(m) {
+ return !isIgnored(self, m)
+ })
+
+ self.found = all
+}
+
+function mark (self, p) {
+ var abs = makeAbs(self, p)
+ var c = self.cache[abs]
+ var m = p
+ if (c) {
+ var isDir = c === 'DIR' || Array.isArray(c)
+ var slash = p.slice(-1) === '/'
+
+ if (isDir && !slash)
+ m += '/'
+ else if (!isDir && slash)
+ m = m.slice(0, -1)
+
+ if (m !== p) {
+ var mabs = makeAbs(self, m)
+ self.statCache[mabs] = self.statCache[abs]
+ self.cache[mabs] = self.cache[abs]
+ }
+ }
+
+ return m
+}
+
+// lotta situps...
+function makeAbs (self, f) {
+ var abs = f
+ if (f.charAt(0) === '/') {
+ abs = path.join(self.root, f)
+ } else if (isAbsolute(f) || f === '') {
+ abs = f
+ } else if (self.changedCwd) {
+ abs = path.resolve(self.cwd, f)
+ } else {
+ abs = path.resolve(f)
+ }
+ return abs
+}
+
+
+// Return true, if pattern ends with globstar '**', for the accompanying parent directory.
+// Ex:- If node_modules/** is the pattern, add 'node_modules' to ignore list along with it's contents
+function isIgnored (self, path) {
+ if (!self.ignore.length)
+ return false
+
+ return self.ignore.some(function(item) {
+ return item.matcher.match(path) || !!(item.gmatcher && item.gmatcher.match(path))
+ })
+}
+
+function childrenIgnored (self, path) {
+ if (!self.ignore.length)
+ return false
+
+ return self.ignore.some(function(item) {
+ return !!(item.gmatcher && item.gmatcher.match(path))
+ })
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":24,"minimatch":20,"path":22,"path-is-absolute":23}],16:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+// Approach:
+//
+// 1. Get the minimatch set
+// 2. For each pattern in the set, PROCESS(pattern, false)
+// 3. Store matches per-set, then uniq them
+//
+// PROCESS(pattern, inGlobStar)
+// Get the first [n] items from pattern that are all strings
+// Join these together. This is PREFIX.
+// If there is no more remaining, then stat(PREFIX) and
+// add to matches if it succeeds. END.
+//
+// If inGlobStar and PREFIX is symlink and points to dir
+// set ENTRIES = []
+// else readdir(PREFIX) as ENTRIES
+// If fail, END
+//
+// with ENTRIES
+// If pattern[n] is GLOBSTAR
+// // handle the case where the globstar match is empty
+// // by pruning it out, and testing the resulting pattern
+// PROCESS(pattern[0..n] + pattern[n+1 .. $], false)
+// // handle other cases.
+// for ENTRY in ENTRIES (not dotfiles)
+// // attach globstar + tail onto the entry
+// // Mark that this entry is a globstar match
+// PROCESS(pattern[0..n] + ENTRY + pattern[n .. $], true)
+//
+// else // not globstar
+// for ENTRY in ENTRIES (not dotfiles, unless pattern[n] is dot)
+// Test ENTRY against pattern[n]
+// If fails, continue
+// If passes, PROCESS(pattern[0..n] + item + pattern[n+1 .. $])
+//
+// Caveat:
+// Cache all stats and readdirs results to minimize syscall. Since all
+// we ever care about is existence and directory-ness, we can just keep
+// `true` for files, and [children,...] for directories, or `false` for
+// things that don't exist.
+
+module.exports = glob
+
+var fs = require('fs')
+var minimatch = require('minimatch')
+var Minimatch = minimatch.Minimatch
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var EE = require('events').EventEmitter
+var path = require('path')
+var assert = require('assert')
+var isAbsolute = require('path-is-absolute')
+var globSync = require('./sync.js')
+var common = require('./common.js')
+var alphasort = common.alphasort
+var alphasorti = common.alphasorti
+var setopts = common.setopts
+var ownProp = common.ownProp
+var inflight = require('inflight')
+var util = require('util')
+var childrenIgnored = common.childrenIgnored
+var isIgnored = common.isIgnored
+
+var once = require('once')
+
+function glob (pattern, options, cb) {
+ if (typeof options === 'function') cb = options, options = {}
+ if (!options) options = {}
+
+ if (options.sync) {
+ if (cb)
+ throw new TypeError('callback provided to sync glob')
+ return globSync(pattern, options)
+ }
+
+ return new Glob(pattern, options, cb)
+}
+
+glob.sync = globSync
+var GlobSync = glob.GlobSync = globSync.GlobSync
+
+// old api surface
+glob.glob = glob
+
+glob.hasMagic = function (pattern, options_) {
+ var options = util._extend({}, options_)
+ options.noprocess = true
+
+ var g = new Glob(pattern, options)
+ var set = g.minimatch.set
+ if (set.length > 1)
+ return true
+
+ for (var j = 0; j < set[0].length; j++) {
+ if (typeof set[0][j] !== 'string')
+ return true
+ }
+
+ return false
+}
+
+glob.Glob = Glob
+inherits(Glob, EE)
+function Glob (pattern, options, cb) {
+ if (typeof options === 'function') {
+ cb = options
+ options = null
+ }
+
+ if (options && options.sync) {
+ if (cb)
+ throw new TypeError('callback provided to sync glob')
+ return new GlobSync(pattern, options)
+ }
+
+ if (!(this instanceof Glob))
+ return new Glob(pattern, options, cb)
+
+ setopts(this, pattern, options)
+ this._didRealPath = false
+
+ // process each pattern in the minimatch set
+ var n = this.minimatch.set.length
+
+ // The matches are stored as {: true,...} so that
+ // duplicates are automagically pruned.
+ // Later, we do an Object.keys() on these.
+ // Keep them as a list so we can fill in when nonull is set.
+ this.matches = new Array(n)
+
+ if (typeof cb === 'function') {
+ cb = once(cb)
+ this.on('error', cb)
+ this.on('end', function (matches) {
+ cb(null, matches)
+ })
+ }
+
+ var self = this
+ var n = this.minimatch.set.length
+ this._processing = 0
+ this.matches = new Array(n)
+
+ this._emitQueue = []
+ this._processQueue = []
+ this.paused = false
+
+ if (this.noprocess)
+ return this
+
+ if (n === 0)
+ return done()
+
+ for (var i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
+ this._process(this.minimatch.set[i], i, false, done)
+ }
+
+ function done () {
+ --self._processing
+ if (self._processing <= 0)
+ self._finish()
+ }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._finish = function () {
+ assert(this instanceof Glob)
+ if (this.aborted)
+ return
+
+ if (this.realpath && !this._didRealpath)
+ return this._realpath()
+
+ common.finish(this)
+ this.emit('end', this.found)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._realpath = function () {
+ if (this._didRealpath)
+ return
+
+ this._didRealpath = true
+
+ var n = this.matches.length
+ if (n === 0)
+ return this._finish()
+
+ var self = this
+ for (var i = 0; i < this.matches.length; i++)
+ this._realpathSet(i, next)
+
+ function next () {
+ if (--n === 0)
+ self._finish()
+ }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._realpathSet = function (index, cb) {
+ var matchset = this.matches[index]
+ if (!matchset)
+ return cb()
+
+ var found = Object.keys(matchset)
+ var self = this
+ var n = found.length
+
+ if (n === 0)
+ return cb()
+
+ var set = this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+ found.forEach(function (p, i) {
+ // If there's a problem with the stat, then it means that
+ // one or more of the links in the realpath couldn't be
+ // resolved. just return the abs value in that case.
+ p = self._makeAbs(p)
+ fs.realpath(p, self.realpathCache, function (er, real) {
+ if (!er)
+ set[real] = true
+ else if (er.syscall === 'stat')
+ set[p] = true
+ else
+ self.emit('error', er) // srsly wtf right here
+
+ if (--n === 0) {
+ self.matches[index] = set
+ cb()
+ }
+ })
+ })
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._mark = function (p) {
+ return common.mark(this, p)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._makeAbs = function (f) {
+ return common.makeAbs(this, f)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype.abort = function () {
+ this.aborted = true
+ this.emit('abort')
+}
+
+Glob.prototype.pause = function () {
+ if (!this.paused) {
+ this.paused = true
+ this.emit('pause')
+ }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype.resume = function () {
+ if (this.paused) {
+ this.emit('resume')
+ this.paused = false
+ if (this._emitQueue.length) {
+ var eq = this._emitQueue.slice(0)
+ this._emitQueue.length = 0
+ for (var i = 0; i < eq.length; i ++) {
+ var e = eq[i]
+ this._emitMatch(e[0], e[1])
+ }
+ }
+ if (this._processQueue.length) {
+ var pq = this._processQueue.slice(0)
+ this._processQueue.length = 0
+ for (var i = 0; i < pq.length; i ++) {
+ var p = pq[i]
+ this._processing--
+ this._process(p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3])
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._process = function (pattern, index, inGlobStar, cb) {
+ assert(this instanceof Glob)
+ assert(typeof cb === 'function')
+
+ if (this.aborted)
+ return
+
+ this._processing++
+ if (this.paused) {
+ this._processQueue.push([pattern, index, inGlobStar, cb])
+ return
+ }
+
+ //console.error('PROCESS %d', this._processing, pattern)
+
+ // Get the first [n] parts of pattern that are all strings.
+ var n = 0
+ while (typeof pattern[n] === 'string') {
+ n ++
+ }
+ // now n is the index of the first one that is *not* a string.
+
+ // see if there's anything else
+ var prefix
+ switch (n) {
+ // if not, then this is rather simple
+ case pattern.length:
+ this._processSimple(pattern.join('/'), index, cb)
+ return
+
+ case 0:
+ // pattern *starts* with some non-trivial item.
+ // going to readdir(cwd), but not include the prefix in matches.
+ prefix = null
+ break
+
+ default:
+ // pattern has some string bits in the front.
+ // whatever it starts with, whether that's 'absolute' like /foo/bar,
+ // or 'relative' like '../baz'
+ prefix = pattern.slice(0, n).join('/')
+ break
+ }
+
+ var remain = pattern.slice(n)
+
+ // get the list of entries.
+ var read
+ if (prefix === null)
+ read = '.'
+ else if (isAbsolute(prefix) || isAbsolute(pattern.join('/'))) {
+ if (!prefix || !isAbsolute(prefix))
+ prefix = '/' + prefix
+ read = prefix
+ } else
+ read = prefix
+
+ var abs = this._makeAbs(read)
+
+ //if ignored, skip _processing
+ if (childrenIgnored(this, read))
+ return cb()
+
+ var isGlobStar = remain[0] === minimatch.GLOBSTAR
+ if (isGlobStar)
+ this._processGlobStar(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, cb)
+ else
+ this._processReaddir(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, cb)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._processReaddir = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, cb) {
+ var self = this
+ this._readdir(abs, inGlobStar, function (er, entries) {
+ return self._processReaddir2(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, entries, cb)
+ })
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._processReaddir2 = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, entries, cb) {
+
+ // if the abs isn't a dir, then nothing can match!
+ if (!entries)
+ return cb()
+
+ // It will only match dot entries if it starts with a dot, or if
+ // dot is set. Stuff like @(.foo|.bar) isn't allowed.
+ var pn = remain[0]
+ var negate = !!this.minimatch.negate
+ var rawGlob = pn._glob
+ var dotOk = this.dot || rawGlob.charAt(0) === '.'
+
+ var matchedEntries = []
+ for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i++) {
+ var e = entries[i]
+ if (e.charAt(0) !== '.' || dotOk) {
+ var m
+ if (negate && !prefix) {
+ m = !e.match(pn)
+ } else {
+ m = e.match(pn)
+ }
+ if (m)
+ matchedEntries.push(e)
+ }
+ }
+
+ //console.error('prd2', prefix, entries, remain[0]._glob, matchedEntries)
+
+ var len = matchedEntries.length
+ // If there are no matched entries, then nothing matches.
+ if (len === 0)
+ return cb()
+
+ // if this is the last remaining pattern bit, then no need for
+ // an additional stat *unless* the user has specified mark or
+ // stat explicitly. We know they exist, since readdir returned
+ // them.
+
+ if (remain.length === 1 && !this.mark && !this.stat) {
+ if (!this.matches[index])
+ this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+
+ for (var i = 0; i < len; i ++) {
+ var e = matchedEntries[i]
+ if (prefix) {
+ if (prefix !== '/')
+ e = prefix + '/' + e
+ else
+ e = prefix + e
+ }
+
+ if (e.charAt(0) === '/' && !this.nomount) {
+ e = path.join(this.root, e)
+ }
+ this._emitMatch(index, e)
+ }
+ // This was the last one, and no stats were needed
+ return cb()
+ }
+
+ // now test all matched entries as stand-ins for that part
+ // of the pattern.
+ remain.shift()
+ for (var i = 0; i < len; i ++) {
+ var e = matchedEntries[i]
+ var newPattern
+ if (prefix) {
+ if (prefix !== '/')
+ e = prefix + '/' + e
+ else
+ e = prefix + e
+ }
+ this._process([e].concat(remain), index, inGlobStar, cb)
+ }
+ cb()
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._emitMatch = function (index, e) {
+ if (this.aborted)
+ return
+
+ if (this.matches[index][e])
+ return
+
+ if (isIgnored(this, e))
+ return
+
+ if (this.paused) {
+ this._emitQueue.push([index, e])
+ return
+ }
+
+ var abs = this._makeAbs(e)
+
+ if (this.nodir) {
+ var c = this.cache[abs]
+ if (c === 'DIR' || Array.isArray(c))
+ return
+ }
+
+ if (this.mark)
+ e = this._mark(e)
+
+ this.matches[index][e] = true
+
+ var st = this.statCache[abs]
+ if (st)
+ this.emit('stat', e, st)
+
+ this.emit('match', e)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._readdirInGlobStar = function (abs, cb) {
+ if (this.aborted)
+ return
+
+ // follow all symlinked directories forever
+ // just proceed as if this is a non-globstar situation
+ if (this.follow)
+ return this._readdir(abs, false, cb)
+
+ var lstatkey = 'lstat\0' + abs
+ var self = this
+ var lstatcb = inflight(lstatkey, lstatcb_)
+
+ if (lstatcb)
+ fs.lstat(abs, lstatcb)
+
+ function lstatcb_ (er, lstat) {
+ if (er)
+ return cb()
+
+ var isSym = lstat.isSymbolicLink()
+ self.symlinks[abs] = isSym
+
+ // If it's not a symlink or a dir, then it's definitely a regular file.
+ // don't bother doing a readdir in that case.
+ if (!isSym && !lstat.isDirectory()) {
+ self.cache[abs] = 'FILE'
+ cb()
+ } else
+ self._readdir(abs, false, cb)
+ }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._readdir = function (abs, inGlobStar, cb) {
+ if (this.aborted)
+ return
+
+ cb = inflight('readdir\0'+abs+'\0'+inGlobStar, cb)
+ if (!cb)
+ return
+
+ //console.error('RD %j %j', +inGlobStar, abs)
+ if (inGlobStar && !ownProp(this.symlinks, abs))
+ return this._readdirInGlobStar(abs, cb)
+
+ if (ownProp(this.cache, abs)) {
+ var c = this.cache[abs]
+ if (!c || c === 'FILE')
+ return cb()
+
+ if (Array.isArray(c))
+ return cb(null, c)
+ }
+
+ var self = this
+ fs.readdir(abs, readdirCb(this, abs, cb))
+}
+
+function readdirCb (self, abs, cb) {
+ return function (er, entries) {
+ if (er)
+ self._readdirError(abs, er, cb)
+ else
+ self._readdirEntries(abs, entries, cb)
+ }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._readdirEntries = function (abs, entries, cb) {
+ if (this.aborted)
+ return
+
+ // if we haven't asked to stat everything, then just
+ // assume that everything in there exists, so we can avoid
+ // having to stat it a second time.
+ if (!this.mark && !this.stat) {
+ for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i ++) {
+ var e = entries[i]
+ if (abs === '/')
+ e = abs + e
+ else
+ e = abs + '/' + e
+ this.cache[e] = true
+ }
+ }
+
+ this.cache[abs] = entries
+ return cb(null, entries)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._readdirError = function (f, er, cb) {
+ if (this.aborted)
+ return
+
+ // handle errors, and cache the information
+ switch (er.code) {
+ case 'ENOTSUP': // https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob/issues/205
+ case 'ENOTDIR': // totally normal. means it *does* exist.
+ this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = 'FILE'
+ break
+
+ case 'ENOENT': // not terribly unusual
+ case 'ELOOP':
+ case 'ENAMETOOLONG':
+ case 'UNKNOWN':
+ this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = false
+ break
+
+ default: // some unusual error. Treat as failure.
+ this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = false
+ if (this.strict) {
+ this.emit('error', er)
+ // If the error is handled, then we abort
+ // if not, we threw out of here
+ this.abort()
+ }
+ if (!this.silent)
+ console.error('glob error', er)
+ break
+ }
+
+ return cb()
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._processGlobStar = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, cb) {
+ var self = this
+ this._readdir(abs, inGlobStar, function (er, entries) {
+ self._processGlobStar2(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, entries, cb)
+ })
+}
+
+
+Glob.prototype._processGlobStar2 = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, entries, cb) {
+ //console.error('pgs2', prefix, remain[0], entries)
+
+ // no entries means not a dir, so it can never have matches
+ // foo.txt/** doesn't match foo.txt
+ if (!entries)
+ return cb()
+
+ // test without the globstar, and with every child both below
+ // and replacing the globstar.
+ var remainWithoutGlobStar = remain.slice(1)
+ var gspref = prefix ? [ prefix ] : []
+ var noGlobStar = gspref.concat(remainWithoutGlobStar)
+
+ // the noGlobStar pattern exits the inGlobStar state
+ this._process(noGlobStar, index, false, cb)
+
+ var isSym = this.symlinks[abs]
+ var len = entries.length
+
+ // If it's a symlink, and we're in a globstar, then stop
+ if (isSym && inGlobStar)
+ return cb()
+
+ for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+ var e = entries[i]
+ if (e.charAt(0) === '.' && !this.dot)
+ continue
+
+ // these two cases enter the inGlobStar state
+ var instead = gspref.concat(entries[i], remainWithoutGlobStar)
+ this._process(instead, index, true, cb)
+
+ var below = gspref.concat(entries[i], remain)
+ this._process(below, index, true, cb)
+ }
+
+ cb()
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._processSimple = function (prefix, index, cb) {
+ // XXX review this. Shouldn't it be doing the mounting etc
+ // before doing stat? kinda weird?
+ var self = this
+ this._stat(prefix, function (er, exists) {
+ self._processSimple2(prefix, index, er, exists, cb)
+ })
+}
+Glob.prototype._processSimple2 = function (prefix, index, er, exists, cb) {
+
+ //console.error('ps2', prefix, exists)
+
+ if (!this.matches[index])
+ this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+
+ // If it doesn't exist, then just mark the lack of results
+ if (!exists)
+ return cb()
+
+ if (prefix && isAbsolute(prefix) && !this.nomount) {
+ var trail = /[\/\\]$/.test(prefix)
+ if (prefix.charAt(0) === '/') {
+ prefix = path.join(this.root, prefix)
+ } else {
+ prefix = path.resolve(this.root, prefix)
+ if (trail)
+ prefix += '/'
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (process.platform === 'win32')
+ prefix = prefix.replace(/\\/g, '/')
+
+ // Mark this as a match
+ this._emitMatch(index, prefix)
+ cb()
+}
+
+// Returns either 'DIR', 'FILE', or false
+Glob.prototype._stat = function (f, cb) {
+ var abs = this._makeAbs(f)
+ var needDir = f.slice(-1) === '/'
+
+ if (f.length > this.maxLength)
+ return cb()
+
+ if (!this.stat && ownProp(this.cache, abs)) {
+ var c = this.cache[abs]
+
+ if (Array.isArray(c))
+ c = 'DIR'
+
+ // It exists, but maybe not how we need it
+ if (!needDir || c === 'DIR')
+ return cb(null, c)
+
+ if (needDir && c === 'FILE')
+ return cb()
+
+ // otherwise we have to stat, because maybe c=true
+ // if we know it exists, but not what it is.
+ }
+
+ var exists
+ var stat = this.statCache[abs]
+ if (stat !== undefined) {
+ if (stat === false)
+ return cb(null, stat)
+ else {
+ var type = stat.isDirectory() ? 'DIR' : 'FILE'
+ if (needDir && type === 'FILE')
+ return cb()
+ else
+ return cb(null, type, stat)
+ }
+ }
+
+ var self = this
+ var statcb = inflight('stat\0' + abs, lstatcb_)
+ if (statcb)
+ fs.lstat(abs, statcb)
+
+ function lstatcb_ (er, lstat) {
+ if (lstat && lstat.isSymbolicLink()) {
+ // If it's a symlink, then treat it as the target, unless
+ // the target does not exist, then treat it as a file.
+ return fs.stat(abs, function (er, stat) {
+ if (er)
+ self._stat2(f, abs, null, lstat, cb)
+ else
+ self._stat2(f, abs, er, stat, cb)
+ })
+ } else {
+ self._stat2(f, abs, er, lstat, cb)
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._stat2 = function (f, abs, er, stat, cb) {
+ if (er) {
+ this.statCache[abs] = false
+ return cb()
+ }
+
+ var needDir = f.slice(-1) === '/'
+ this.statCache[abs] = stat
+
+ if (abs.slice(-1) === '/' && !stat.isDirectory())
+ return cb(null, false, stat)
+
+ var c = stat.isDirectory() ? 'DIR' : 'FILE'
+ this.cache[abs] = this.cache[abs] || c
+
+ if (needDir && c !== 'DIR')
+ return cb()
+
+ return cb(null, c, stat)
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./common.js":15,"./sync.js":17,"_process":24,"assert":9,"events":14,"fs":12,"inflight":18,"inherits":19,"minimatch":20,"once":21,"path":22,"path-is-absolute":23,"util":28}],17:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+module.exports = globSync
+globSync.GlobSync = GlobSync
+
+var fs = require('fs')
+var minimatch = require('minimatch')
+var Minimatch = minimatch.Minimatch
+var Glob = require('./glob.js').Glob
+var util = require('util')
+var path = require('path')
+var assert = require('assert')
+var isAbsolute = require('path-is-absolute')
+var common = require('./common.js')
+var alphasort = common.alphasort
+var alphasorti = common.alphasorti
+var setopts = common.setopts
+var ownProp = common.ownProp
+var childrenIgnored = common.childrenIgnored
+
+function globSync (pattern, options) {
+ if (typeof options === 'function' || arguments.length === 3)
+ throw new TypeError('callback provided to sync glob\n'+
+ 'See: https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob/issues/167')
+
+ return new GlobSync(pattern, options).found
+}
+
+function GlobSync (pattern, options) {
+ if (!pattern)
+ throw new Error('must provide pattern')
+
+ if (typeof options === 'function' || arguments.length === 3)
+ throw new TypeError('callback provided to sync glob\n'+
+ 'See: https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob/issues/167')
+
+ if (!(this instanceof GlobSync))
+ return new GlobSync(pattern, options)
+
+ setopts(this, pattern, options)
+
+ if (this.noprocess)
+ return this
+
+ var n = this.minimatch.set.length
+ this.matches = new Array(n)
+ for (var i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
+ this._process(this.minimatch.set[i], i, false)
+ }
+ this._finish()
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._finish = function () {
+ assert(this instanceof GlobSync)
+ if (this.realpath) {
+ var self = this
+ this.matches.forEach(function (matchset, index) {
+ var set = self.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+ for (var p in matchset) {
+ try {
+ p = self._makeAbs(p)
+ var real = fs.realpathSync(p, self.realpathCache)
+ set[real] = true
+ } catch (er) {
+ if (er.syscall === 'stat')
+ set[self._makeAbs(p)] = true
+ else
+ throw er
+ }
+ }
+ })
+ }
+ common.finish(this)
+}
+
+
+GlobSync.prototype._process = function (pattern, index, inGlobStar) {
+ assert(this instanceof GlobSync)
+
+ // Get the first [n] parts of pattern that are all strings.
+ var n = 0
+ while (typeof pattern[n] === 'string') {
+ n ++
+ }
+ // now n is the index of the first one that is *not* a string.
+
+ // See if there's anything else
+ var prefix
+ switch (n) {
+ // if not, then this is rather simple
+ case pattern.length:
+ this._processSimple(pattern.join('/'), index)
+ return
+
+ case 0:
+ // pattern *starts* with some non-trivial item.
+ // going to readdir(cwd), but not include the prefix in matches.
+ prefix = null
+ break
+
+ default:
+ // pattern has some string bits in the front.
+ // whatever it starts with, whether that's 'absolute' like /foo/bar,
+ // or 'relative' like '../baz'
+ prefix = pattern.slice(0, n).join('/')
+ break
+ }
+
+ var remain = pattern.slice(n)
+
+ // get the list of entries.
+ var read
+ if (prefix === null)
+ read = '.'
+ else if (isAbsolute(prefix) || isAbsolute(pattern.join('/'))) {
+ if (!prefix || !isAbsolute(prefix))
+ prefix = '/' + prefix
+ read = prefix
+ } else
+ read = prefix
+
+ var abs = this._makeAbs(read)
+
+ //if ignored, skip processing
+ if (childrenIgnored(this, read))
+ return
+
+ var isGlobStar = remain[0] === minimatch.GLOBSTAR
+ if (isGlobStar)
+ this._processGlobStar(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar)
+ else
+ this._processReaddir(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar)
+}
+
+
+GlobSync.prototype._processReaddir = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar) {
+ var entries = this._readdir(abs, inGlobStar)
+
+ // if the abs isn't a dir, then nothing can match!
+ if (!entries)
+ return
+
+ // It will only match dot entries if it starts with a dot, or if
+ // dot is set. Stuff like @(.foo|.bar) isn't allowed.
+ var pn = remain[0]
+ var negate = !!this.minimatch.negate
+ var rawGlob = pn._glob
+ var dotOk = this.dot || rawGlob.charAt(0) === '.'
+
+ var matchedEntries = []
+ for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i++) {
+ var e = entries[i]
+ if (e.charAt(0) !== '.' || dotOk) {
+ var m
+ if (negate && !prefix) {
+ m = !e.match(pn)
+ } else {
+ m = e.match(pn)
+ }
+ if (m)
+ matchedEntries.push(e)
+ }
+ }
+
+ var len = matchedEntries.length
+ // If there are no matched entries, then nothing matches.
+ if (len === 0)
+ return
+
+ // if this is the last remaining pattern bit, then no need for
+ // an additional stat *unless* the user has specified mark or
+ // stat explicitly. We know they exist, since readdir returned
+ // them.
+
+ if (remain.length === 1 && !this.mark && !this.stat) {
+ if (!this.matches[index])
+ this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+
+ for (var i = 0; i < len; i ++) {
+ var e = matchedEntries[i]
+ if (prefix) {
+ if (prefix.slice(-1) !== '/')
+ e = prefix + '/' + e
+ else
+ e = prefix + e
+ }
+
+ if (e.charAt(0) === '/' && !this.nomount) {
+ e = path.join(this.root, e)
+ }
+ this.matches[index][e] = true
+ }
+ // This was the last one, and no stats were needed
+ return
+ }
+
+ // now test all matched entries as stand-ins for that part
+ // of the pattern.
+ remain.shift()
+ for (var i = 0; i < len; i ++) {
+ var e = matchedEntries[i]
+ var newPattern
+ if (prefix)
+ newPattern = [prefix, e]
+ else
+ newPattern = [e]
+ this._process(newPattern.concat(remain), index, inGlobStar)
+ }
+}
+
+
+GlobSync.prototype._emitMatch = function (index, e) {
+ var abs = this._makeAbs(e)
+ if (this.mark)
+ e = this._mark(e)
+
+ if (this.matches[index][e])
+ return
+
+ if (this.nodir) {
+ var c = this.cache[this._makeAbs(e)]
+ if (c === 'DIR' || Array.isArray(c))
+ return
+ }
+
+ this.matches[index][e] = true
+ if (this.stat)
+ this._stat(e)
+}
+
+
+GlobSync.prototype._readdirInGlobStar = function (abs) {
+ // follow all symlinked directories forever
+ // just proceed as if this is a non-globstar situation
+ if (this.follow)
+ return this._readdir(abs, false)
+
+ var entries
+ var lstat
+ var stat
+ try {
+ lstat = fs.lstatSync(abs)
+ } catch (er) {
+ // lstat failed, doesn't exist
+ return null
+ }
+
+ var isSym = lstat.isSymbolicLink()
+ this.symlinks[abs] = isSym
+
+ // If it's not a symlink or a dir, then it's definitely a regular file.
+ // don't bother doing a readdir in that case.
+ if (!isSym && !lstat.isDirectory())
+ this.cache[abs] = 'FILE'
+ else
+ entries = this._readdir(abs, false)
+
+ return entries
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._readdir = function (abs, inGlobStar) {
+ var entries
+
+ if (inGlobStar && !ownProp(this.symlinks, abs))
+ return this._readdirInGlobStar(abs)
+
+ if (ownProp(this.cache, abs)) {
+ var c = this.cache[abs]
+ if (!c || c === 'FILE')
+ return null
+
+ if (Array.isArray(c))
+ return c
+ }
+
+ try {
+ return this._readdirEntries(abs, fs.readdirSync(abs))
+ } catch (er) {
+ this._readdirError(abs, er)
+ return null
+ }
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._readdirEntries = function (abs, entries) {
+ // if we haven't asked to stat everything, then just
+ // assume that everything in there exists, so we can avoid
+ // having to stat it a second time.
+ if (!this.mark && !this.stat) {
+ for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i ++) {
+ var e = entries[i]
+ if (abs === '/')
+ e = abs + e
+ else
+ e = abs + '/' + e
+ this.cache[e] = true
+ }
+ }
+
+ this.cache[abs] = entries
+
+ // mark and cache dir-ness
+ return entries
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._readdirError = function (f, er) {
+ // handle errors, and cache the information
+ switch (er.code) {
+ case 'ENOTSUP': // https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob/issues/205
+ case 'ENOTDIR': // totally normal. means it *does* exist.
+ this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = 'FILE'
+ break
+
+ case 'ENOENT': // not terribly unusual
+ case 'ELOOP':
+ case 'ENAMETOOLONG':
+ case 'UNKNOWN':
+ this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = false
+ break
+
+ default: // some unusual error. Treat as failure.
+ this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = false
+ if (this.strict)
+ throw er
+ if (!this.silent)
+ console.error('glob error', er)
+ break
+ }
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._processGlobStar = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar) {
+
+ var entries = this._readdir(abs, inGlobStar)
+
+ // no entries means not a dir, so it can never have matches
+ // foo.txt/** doesn't match foo.txt
+ if (!entries)
+ return
+
+ // test without the globstar, and with every child both below
+ // and replacing the globstar.
+ var remainWithoutGlobStar = remain.slice(1)
+ var gspref = prefix ? [ prefix ] : []
+ var noGlobStar = gspref.concat(remainWithoutGlobStar)
+
+ // the noGlobStar pattern exits the inGlobStar state
+ this._process(noGlobStar, index, false)
+
+ var len = entries.length
+ var isSym = this.symlinks[abs]
+
+ // If it's a symlink, and we're in a globstar, then stop
+ if (isSym && inGlobStar)
+ return
+
+ for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+ var e = entries[i]
+ if (e.charAt(0) === '.' && !this.dot)
+ continue
+
+ // these two cases enter the inGlobStar state
+ var instead = gspref.concat(entries[i], remainWithoutGlobStar)
+ this._process(instead, index, true)
+
+ var below = gspref.concat(entries[i], remain)
+ this._process(below, index, true)
+ }
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._processSimple = function (prefix, index) {
+ // XXX review this. Shouldn't it be doing the mounting etc
+ // before doing stat? kinda weird?
+ var exists = this._stat(prefix)
+
+ if (!this.matches[index])
+ this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+
+ // If it doesn't exist, then just mark the lack of results
+ if (!exists)
+ return
+
+ if (prefix && isAbsolute(prefix) && !this.nomount) {
+ var trail = /[\/\\]$/.test(prefix)
+ if (prefix.charAt(0) === '/') {
+ prefix = path.join(this.root, prefix)
+ } else {
+ prefix = path.resolve(this.root, prefix)
+ if (trail)
+ prefix += '/'
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (process.platform === 'win32')
+ prefix = prefix.replace(/\\/g, '/')
+
+ // Mark this as a match
+ this.matches[index][prefix] = true
+}
+
+// Returns either 'DIR', 'FILE', or false
+GlobSync.prototype._stat = function (f) {
+ var abs = this._makeAbs(f)
+ var needDir = f.slice(-1) === '/'
+
+ if (f.length > this.maxLength)
+ return false
+
+ if (!this.stat && ownProp(this.cache, abs)) {
+ var c = this.cache[abs]
+
+ if (Array.isArray(c))
+ c = 'DIR'
+
+ // It exists, but maybe not how we need it
+ if (!needDir || c === 'DIR')
+ return c
+
+ if (needDir && c === 'FILE')
+ return false
+
+ // otherwise we have to stat, because maybe c=true
+ // if we know it exists, but not what it is.
+ }
+
+ var exists
+ var stat = this.statCache[abs]
+ if (!stat) {
+ var lstat
+ try {
+ lstat = fs.lstatSync(abs)
+ } catch (er) {
+ return false
+ }
+
+ if (lstat.isSymbolicLink()) {
+ try {
+ stat = fs.statSync(abs)
+ } catch (er) {
+ stat = lstat
+ }
+ } else {
+ stat = lstat
+ }
+ }
+
+ this.statCache[abs] = stat
+
+ var c = stat.isDirectory() ? 'DIR' : 'FILE'
+ this.cache[abs] = this.cache[abs] || c
+
+ if (needDir && c !== 'DIR')
+ return false
+
+ return c
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._mark = function (p) {
+ return common.mark(this, p)
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._makeAbs = function (f) {
+ return common.makeAbs(this, f)
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./common.js":15,"./glob.js":16,"_process":24,"assert":9,"fs":12,"minimatch":20,"path":22,"path-is-absolute":23,"util":28}],18:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+var wrappy = require('wrappy')
+var reqs = Object.create(null)
+var once = require('once')
+
+module.exports = wrappy(inflight)
+
+function inflight (key, cb) {
+ if (reqs[key]) {
+ reqs[key].push(cb)
+ return null
+ } else {
+ reqs[key] = [cb]
+ return makeres(key)
+ }
+}
+
+function makeres (key) {
+ return once(function RES () {
+ var cbs = reqs[key]
+ var len = cbs.length
+ var args = slice(arguments)
+
+ // XXX It's somewhat ambiguous whether a new callback added in this
+ // pass should be queued for later execution if something in the
+ // list of callbacks throws, or if it should just be discarded.
+ // However, it's such an edge case that it hardly matters, and either
+ // choice is likely as surprising as the other.
+ // As it happens, we do go ahead and schedule it for later execution.
+ try {
+ for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+ cbs[i].apply(null, args)
+ }
+ } finally {
+ if (cbs.length > len) {
+ // added more in the interim.
+ // de-zalgo, just in case, but don't call again.
+ cbs.splice(0, len)
+ process.nextTick(function () {
+ RES.apply(null, args)
+ })
+ } else {
+ delete reqs[key]
+ }
+ }
+ })
+}
+
+function slice (args) {
+ var length = args.length
+ var array = []
+
+ for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) array[i] = args[i]
+ return array
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":24,"once":21,"wrappy":29}],19:[function(require,module,exports){
+if (typeof Object.create === 'function') {
+ // implementation from standard node.js 'util' module
+ module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
+ ctor.super_ = superCtor
+ ctor.prototype = Object.create(superCtor.prototype, {
+ constructor: {
+ value: ctor,
+ enumerable: false,
+ writable: true,
+ configurable: true
+ }
+ });
+ };
+} else {
+ // old school shim for old browsers
+ module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
+ ctor.super_ = superCtor
+ var TempCtor = function () {}
+ TempCtor.prototype = superCtor.prototype
+ ctor.prototype = new TempCtor()
+ ctor.prototype.constructor = ctor
+ }
+}
+
+},{}],20:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = minimatch
+minimatch.Minimatch = Minimatch
+
+var path = { sep: '/' }
+try {
+ path = require('path')
+} catch (er) {}
+
+var GLOBSTAR = minimatch.GLOBSTAR = Minimatch.GLOBSTAR = {}
+var expand = require('brace-expansion')
+
+var plTypes = {
+ '!': { open: '(?:(?!(?:', close: '))[^/]*?)'},
+ '?': { open: '(?:', close: ')?' },
+ '+': { open: '(?:', close: ')+' },
+ '*': { open: '(?:', close: ')*' },
+ '@': { open: '(?:', close: ')' }
+}
+
+// any single thing other than /
+// don't need to escape / when using new RegExp()
+var qmark = '[^/]'
+
+// * => any number of characters
+var star = qmark + '*?'
+
+// ** when dots are allowed. Anything goes, except .. and .
+// not (^ or / followed by one or two dots followed by $ or /),
+// followed by anything, any number of times.
+var twoStarDot = '(?:(?!(?:\\\/|^)(?:\\.{1,2})($|\\\/)).)*?'
+
+// not a ^ or / followed by a dot,
+// followed by anything, any number of times.
+var twoStarNoDot = '(?:(?!(?:\\\/|^)\\.).)*?'
+
+// characters that need to be escaped in RegExp.
+var reSpecials = charSet('().*{}+?[]^$\\!')
+
+// "abc" -> { a:true, b:true, c:true }
+function charSet (s) {
+ return s.split('').reduce(function (set, c) {
+ set[c] = true
+ return set
+ }, {})
+}
+
+// normalizes slashes.
+var slashSplit = /\/+/
+
+minimatch.filter = filter
+function filter (pattern, options) {
+ options = options || {}
+ return function (p, i, list) {
+ return minimatch(p, pattern, options)
+ }
+}
+
+function ext (a, b) {
+ a = a || {}
+ b = b || {}
+ var t = {}
+ Object.keys(b).forEach(function (k) {
+ t[k] = b[k]
+ })
+ Object.keys(a).forEach(function (k) {
+ t[k] = a[k]
+ })
+ return t
+}
+
+minimatch.defaults = function (def) {
+ if (!def || !Object.keys(def).length) return minimatch
+
+ var orig = minimatch
+
+ var m = function minimatch (p, pattern, options) {
+ return orig.minimatch(p, pattern, ext(def, options))
+ }
+
+ m.Minimatch = function Minimatch (pattern, options) {
+ return new orig.Minimatch(pattern, ext(def, options))
+ }
+
+ return m
+}
+
+Minimatch.defaults = function (def) {
+ if (!def || !Object.keys(def).length) return Minimatch
+ return minimatch.defaults(def).Minimatch
+}
+
+function minimatch (p, pattern, options) {
+ if (typeof pattern !== 'string') {
+ throw new TypeError('glob pattern string required')
+ }
+
+ if (!options) options = {}
+
+ // shortcut: comments match nothing.
+ if (!options.nocomment && pattern.charAt(0) === '#') {
+ return false
+ }
+
+ // "" only matches ""
+ if (pattern.trim() === '') return p === ''
+
+ return new Minimatch(pattern, options).match(p)
+}
+
+function Minimatch (pattern, options) {
+ if (!(this instanceof Minimatch)) {
+ return new Minimatch(pattern, options)
+ }
+
+ if (typeof pattern !== 'string') {
+ throw new TypeError('glob pattern string required')
+ }
+
+ if (!options) options = {}
+ pattern = pattern.trim()
+
+ // windows support: need to use /, not \
+ if (path.sep !== '/') {
+ pattern = pattern.split(path.sep).join('/')
+ }
+
+ this.options = options
+ this.set = []
+ this.pattern = pattern
+ this.regexp = null
+ this.negate = false
+ this.comment = false
+ this.empty = false
+
+ // make the set of regexps etc.
+ this.make()
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.debug = function () {}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.make = make
+function make () {
+ // don't do it more than once.
+ if (this._made) return
+
+ var pattern = this.pattern
+ var options = this.options
+
+ // empty patterns and comments match nothing.
+ if (!options.nocomment && pattern.charAt(0) === '#') {
+ this.comment = true
+ return
+ }
+ if (!pattern) {
+ this.empty = true
+ return
+ }
+
+ // step 1: figure out negation, etc.
+ this.parseNegate()
+
+ // step 2: expand braces
+ var set = this.globSet = this.braceExpand()
+
+ if (options.debug) this.debug = console.error
+
+ this.debug(this.pattern, set)
+
+ // step 3: now we have a set, so turn each one into a series of path-portion
+ // matching patterns.
+ // These will be regexps, except in the case of "**", which is
+ // set to the GLOBSTAR object for globstar behavior,
+ // and will not contain any / characters
+ set = this.globParts = set.map(function (s) {
+ return s.split(slashSplit)
+ })
+
+ this.debug(this.pattern, set)
+
+ // glob --> regexps
+ set = set.map(function (s, si, set) {
+ return s.map(this.parse, this)
+ }, this)
+
+ this.debug(this.pattern, set)
+
+ // filter out everything that didn't compile properly.
+ set = set.filter(function (s) {
+ return s.indexOf(false) === -1
+ })
+
+ this.debug(this.pattern, set)
+
+ this.set = set
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.parseNegate = parseNegate
+function parseNegate () {
+ var pattern = this.pattern
+ var negate = false
+ var options = this.options
+ var negateOffset = 0
+
+ if (options.nonegate) return
+
+ for (var i = 0, l = pattern.length
+ ; i < l && pattern.charAt(i) === '!'
+ ; i++) {
+ negate = !negate
+ negateOffset++
+ }
+
+ if (negateOffset) this.pattern = pattern.substr(negateOffset)
+ this.negate = negate
+}
+
+// Brace expansion:
+// a{b,c}d -> abd acd
+// a{b,}c -> abc ac
+// a{0..3}d -> a0d a1d a2d a3d
+// a{b,c{d,e}f}g -> abg acdfg acefg
+// a{b,c}d{e,f}g -> abdeg acdeg abdeg abdfg
+//
+// Invalid sets are not expanded.
+// a{2..}b -> a{2..}b
+// a{b}c -> a{b}c
+minimatch.braceExpand = function (pattern, options) {
+ return braceExpand(pattern, options)
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.braceExpand = braceExpand
+
+function braceExpand (pattern, options) {
+ if (!options) {
+ if (this instanceof Minimatch) {
+ options = this.options
+ } else {
+ options = {}
+ }
+ }
+
+ pattern = typeof pattern === 'undefined'
+ ? this.pattern : pattern
+
+ if (typeof pattern === 'undefined') {
+ throw new TypeError('undefined pattern')
+ }
+
+ if (options.nobrace ||
+ !pattern.match(/\{.*\}/)) {
+ // shortcut. no need to expand.
+ return [pattern]
+ }
+
+ return expand(pattern)
+}
+
+// parse a component of the expanded set.
+// At this point, no pattern may contain "/" in it
+// so we're going to return a 2d array, where each entry is the full
+// pattern, split on '/', and then turned into a regular expression.
+// A regexp is made at the end which joins each array with an
+// escaped /, and another full one which joins each regexp with |.
+//
+// Following the lead of Bash 4.1, note that "**" only has special meaning
+// when it is the *only* thing in a path portion. Otherwise, any series
+// of * is equivalent to a single *. Globstar behavior is enabled by
+// default, and can be disabled by setting options.noglobstar.
+Minimatch.prototype.parse = parse
+var SUBPARSE = {}
+function parse (pattern, isSub) {
+ if (pattern.length > 1024 * 64) {
+ throw new TypeError('pattern is too long')
+ }
+
+ var options = this.options
+
+ // shortcuts
+ if (!options.noglobstar && pattern === '**') return GLOBSTAR
+ if (pattern === '') return ''
+
+ var re = ''
+ var hasMagic = !!options.nocase
+ var escaping = false
+ // ? => one single character
+ var patternListStack = []
+ var negativeLists = []
+ var stateChar
+ var inClass = false
+ var reClassStart = -1
+ var classStart = -1
+ // . and .. never match anything that doesn't start with .,
+ // even when options.dot is set.
+ var patternStart = pattern.charAt(0) === '.' ? '' // anything
+ // not (start or / followed by . or .. followed by / or end)
+ : options.dot ? '(?!(?:^|\\\/)\\.{1,2}(?:$|\\\/))'
+ : '(?!\\.)'
+ var self = this
+
+ function clearStateChar () {
+ if (stateChar) {
+ // we had some state-tracking character
+ // that wasn't consumed by this pass.
+ switch (stateChar) {
+ case '*':
+ re += star
+ hasMagic = true
+ break
+ case '?':
+ re += qmark
+ hasMagic = true
+ break
+ default:
+ re += '\\' + stateChar
+ break
+ }
+ self.debug('clearStateChar %j %j', stateChar, re)
+ stateChar = false
+ }
+ }
+
+ for (var i = 0, len = pattern.length, c
+ ; (i < len) && (c = pattern.charAt(i))
+ ; i++) {
+ this.debug('%s\t%s %s %j', pattern, i, re, c)
+
+ // skip over any that are escaped.
+ if (escaping && reSpecials[c]) {
+ re += '\\' + c
+ escaping = false
+ continue
+ }
+
+ switch (c) {
+ case '/':
+ // completely not allowed, even escaped.
+ // Should already be path-split by now.
+ return false
+
+ case '\\':
+ clearStateChar()
+ escaping = true
+ continue
+
+ // the various stateChar values
+ // for the "extglob" stuff.
+ case '?':
+ case '*':
+ case '+':
+ case '@':
+ case '!':
+ this.debug('%s\t%s %s %j <-- stateChar', pattern, i, re, c)
+
+ // all of those are literals inside a class, except that
+ // the glob [!a] means [^a] in regexp
+ if (inClass) {
+ this.debug(' in class')
+ if (c === '!' && i === classStart + 1) c = '^'
+ re += c
+ continue
+ }
+
+ // if we already have a stateChar, then it means
+ // that there was something like ** or +? in there.
+ // Handle the stateChar, then proceed with this one.
+ self.debug('call clearStateChar %j', stateChar)
+ clearStateChar()
+ stateChar = c
+ // if extglob is disabled, then +(asdf|foo) isn't a thing.
+ // just clear the statechar *now*, rather than even diving into
+ // the patternList stuff.
+ if (options.noext) clearStateChar()
+ continue
+
+ case '(':
+ if (inClass) {
+ re += '('
+ continue
+ }
+
+ if (!stateChar) {
+ re += '\\('
+ continue
+ }
+
+ patternListStack.push({
+ type: stateChar,
+ start: i - 1,
+ reStart: re.length,
+ open: plTypes[stateChar].open,
+ close: plTypes[stateChar].close
+ })
+ // negation is (?:(?!js)[^/]*)
+ re += stateChar === '!' ? '(?:(?!(?:' : '(?:'
+ this.debug('plType %j %j', stateChar, re)
+ stateChar = false
+ continue
+
+ case ')':
+ if (inClass || !patternListStack.length) {
+ re += '\\)'
+ continue
+ }
+
+ clearStateChar()
+ hasMagic = true
+ var pl = patternListStack.pop()
+ // negation is (?:(?!js)[^/]*)
+ // The others are (?:)
+ re += pl.close
+ if (pl.type === '!') {
+ negativeLists.push(pl)
+ }
+ pl.reEnd = re.length
+ continue
+
+ case '|':
+ if (inClass || !patternListStack.length || escaping) {
+ re += '\\|'
+ escaping = false
+ continue
+ }
+
+ clearStateChar()
+ re += '|'
+ continue
+
+ // these are mostly the same in regexp and glob
+ case '[':
+ // swallow any state-tracking char before the [
+ clearStateChar()
+
+ if (inClass) {
+ re += '\\' + c
+ continue
+ }
+
+ inClass = true
+ classStart = i
+ reClassStart = re.length
+ re += c
+ continue
+
+ case ']':
+ // a right bracket shall lose its special
+ // meaning and represent itself in
+ // a bracket expression if it occurs
+ // first in the list. -- POSIX.2 2.8.3.2
+ if (i === classStart + 1 || !inClass) {
+ re += '\\' + c
+ escaping = false
+ continue
+ }
+
+ // handle the case where we left a class open.
+ // "[z-a]" is valid, equivalent to "\[z-a\]"
+ if (inClass) {
+ // split where the last [ was, make sure we don't have
+ // an invalid re. if so, re-walk the contents of the
+ // would-be class to re-translate any characters that
+ // were passed through as-is
+ // TODO: It would probably be faster to determine this
+ // without a try/catch and a new RegExp, but it's tricky
+ // to do safely. For now, this is safe and works.
+ var cs = pattern.substring(classStart + 1, i)
+ try {
+ RegExp('[' + cs + ']')
+ } catch (er) {
+ // not a valid class!
+ var sp = this.parse(cs, SUBPARSE)
+ re = re.substr(0, reClassStart) + '\\[' + sp[0] + '\\]'
+ hasMagic = hasMagic || sp[1]
+ inClass = false
+ continue
+ }
+ }
+
+ // finish up the class.
+ hasMagic = true
+ inClass = false
+ re += c
+ continue
+
+ default:
+ // swallow any state char that wasn't consumed
+ clearStateChar()
+
+ if (escaping) {
+ // no need
+ escaping = false
+ } else if (reSpecials[c]
+ && !(c === '^' && inClass)) {
+ re += '\\'
+ }
+
+ re += c
+
+ } // switch
+ } // for
+
+ // handle the case where we left a class open.
+ // "[abc" is valid, equivalent to "\[abc"
+ if (inClass) {
+ // split where the last [ was, and escape it
+ // this is a huge pita. We now have to re-walk
+ // the contents of the would-be class to re-translate
+ // any characters that were passed through as-is
+ cs = pattern.substr(classStart + 1)
+ sp = this.parse(cs, SUBPARSE)
+ re = re.substr(0, reClassStart) + '\\[' + sp[0]
+ hasMagic = hasMagic || sp[1]
+ }
+
+ // handle the case where we had a +( thing at the *end*
+ // of the pattern.
+ // each pattern list stack adds 3 chars, and we need to go through
+ // and escape any | chars that were passed through as-is for the regexp.
+ // Go through and escape them, taking care not to double-escape any
+ // | chars that were already escaped.
+ for (pl = patternListStack.pop(); pl; pl = patternListStack.pop()) {
+ var tail = re.slice(pl.reStart + pl.open.length)
+ this.debug('setting tail', re, pl)
+ // maybe some even number of \, then maybe 1 \, followed by a |
+ tail = tail.replace(/((?:\\{2}){0,64})(\\?)\|/g, function (_, $1, $2) {
+ if (!$2) {
+ // the | isn't already escaped, so escape it.
+ $2 = '\\'
+ }
+
+ // need to escape all those slashes *again*, without escaping the
+ // one that we need for escaping the | character. As it works out,
+ // escaping an even number of slashes can be done by simply repeating
+ // it exactly after itself. That's why this trick works.
+ //
+ // I am sorry that you have to see this.
+ return $1 + $1 + $2 + '|'
+ })
+
+ this.debug('tail=%j\n %s', tail, tail, pl, re)
+ var t = pl.type === '*' ? star
+ : pl.type === '?' ? qmark
+ : '\\' + pl.type
+
+ hasMagic = true
+ re = re.slice(0, pl.reStart) + t + '\\(' + tail
+ }
+
+ // handle trailing things that only matter at the very end.
+ clearStateChar()
+ if (escaping) {
+ // trailing \\
+ re += '\\\\'
+ }
+
+ // only need to apply the nodot start if the re starts with
+ // something that could conceivably capture a dot
+ var addPatternStart = false
+ switch (re.charAt(0)) {
+ case '.':
+ case '[':
+ case '(': addPatternStart = true
+ }
+
+ // Hack to work around lack of negative lookbehind in JS
+ // A pattern like: *.!(x).!(y|z) needs to ensure that a name
+ // like 'a.xyz.yz' doesn't match. So, the first negative
+ // lookahead, has to look ALL the way ahead, to the end of
+ // the pattern.
+ for (var n = negativeLists.length - 1; n > -1; n--) {
+ var nl = negativeLists[n]
+
+ var nlBefore = re.slice(0, nl.reStart)
+ var nlFirst = re.slice(nl.reStart, nl.reEnd - 8)
+ var nlLast = re.slice(nl.reEnd - 8, nl.reEnd)
+ var nlAfter = re.slice(nl.reEnd)
+
+ nlLast += nlAfter
+
+ // Handle nested stuff like *(*.js|!(*.json)), where open parens
+ // mean that we should *not* include the ) in the bit that is considered
+ // "after" the negated section.
+ var openParensBefore = nlBefore.split('(').length - 1
+ var cleanAfter = nlAfter
+ for (i = 0; i < openParensBefore; i++) {
+ cleanAfter = cleanAfter.replace(/\)[+*?]?/, '')
+ }
+ nlAfter = cleanAfter
+
+ var dollar = ''
+ if (nlAfter === '' && isSub !== SUBPARSE) {
+ dollar = '$'
+ }
+ var newRe = nlBefore + nlFirst + nlAfter + dollar + nlLast
+ re = newRe
+ }
+
+ // if the re is not "" at this point, then we need to make sure
+ // it doesn't match against an empty path part.
+ // Otherwise a/* will match a/, which it should not.
+ if (re !== '' && hasMagic) {
+ re = '(?=.)' + re
+ }
+
+ if (addPatternStart) {
+ re = patternStart + re
+ }
+
+ // parsing just a piece of a larger pattern.
+ if (isSub === SUBPARSE) {
+ return [re, hasMagic]
+ }
+
+ // skip the regexp for non-magical patterns
+ // unescape anything in it, though, so that it'll be
+ // an exact match against a file etc.
+ if (!hasMagic) {
+ return globUnescape(pattern)
+ }
+
+ var flags = options.nocase ? 'i' : ''
+ try {
+ var regExp = new RegExp('^' + re + '$', flags)
+ } catch (er) {
+ // If it was an invalid regular expression, then it can't match
+ // anything. This trick looks for a character after the end of
+ // the string, which is of course impossible, except in multi-line
+ // mode, but it's not a /m regex.
+ return new RegExp('$.')
+ }
+
+ regExp._glob = pattern
+ regExp._src = re
+
+ return regExp
+}
+
+minimatch.makeRe = function (pattern, options) {
+ return new Minimatch(pattern, options || {}).makeRe()
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.makeRe = makeRe
+function makeRe () {
+ if (this.regexp || this.regexp === false) return this.regexp
+
+ // at this point, this.set is a 2d array of partial
+ // pattern strings, or "**".
+ //
+ // It's better to use .match(). This function shouldn't
+ // be used, really, but it's pretty convenient sometimes,
+ // when you just want to work with a regex.
+ var set = this.set
+
+ if (!set.length) {
+ this.regexp = false
+ return this.regexp
+ }
+ var options = this.options
+
+ var twoStar = options.noglobstar ? star
+ : options.dot ? twoStarDot
+ : twoStarNoDot
+ var flags = options.nocase ? 'i' : ''
+
+ var re = set.map(function (pattern) {
+ return pattern.map(function (p) {
+ return (p === GLOBSTAR) ? twoStar
+ : (typeof p === 'string') ? regExpEscape(p)
+ : p._src
+ }).join('\\\/')
+ }).join('|')
+
+ // must match entire pattern
+ // ending in a * or ** will make it less strict.
+ re = '^(?:' + re + ')$'
+
+ // can match anything, as long as it's not this.
+ if (this.negate) re = '^(?!' + re + ').*$'
+
+ try {
+ this.regexp = new RegExp(re, flags)
+ } catch (ex) {
+ this.regexp = false
+ }
+ return this.regexp
+}
+
+minimatch.match = function (list, pattern, options) {
+ options = options || {}
+ var mm = new Minimatch(pattern, options)
+ list = list.filter(function (f) {
+ return mm.match(f)
+ })
+ if (mm.options.nonull && !list.length) {
+ list.push(pattern)
+ }
+ return list
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.match = match
+function match (f, partial) {
+ this.debug('match', f, this.pattern)
+ // short-circuit in the case of busted things.
+ // comments, etc.
+ if (this.comment) return false
+ if (this.empty) return f === ''
+
+ if (f === '/' && partial) return true
+
+ var options = this.options
+
+ // windows: need to use /, not \
+ if (path.sep !== '/') {
+ f = f.split(path.sep).join('/')
+ }
+
+ // treat the test path as a set of pathparts.
+ f = f.split(slashSplit)
+ this.debug(this.pattern, 'split', f)
+
+ // just ONE of the pattern sets in this.set needs to match
+ // in order for it to be valid. If negating, then just one
+ // match means that we have failed.
+ // Either way, return on the first hit.
+
+ var set = this.set
+ this.debug(this.pattern, 'set', set)
+
+ // Find the basename of the path by looking for the last non-empty segment
+ var filename
+ var i
+ for (i = f.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+ filename = f[i]
+ if (filename) break
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < set.length; i++) {
+ var pattern = set[i]
+ var file = f
+ if (options.matchBase && pattern.length === 1) {
+ file = [filename]
+ }
+ var hit = this.matchOne(file, pattern, partial)
+ if (hit) {
+ if (options.flipNegate) return true
+ return !this.negate
+ }
+ }
+
+ // didn't get any hits. this is success if it's a negative
+ // pattern, failure otherwise.
+ if (options.flipNegate) return false
+ return this.negate
+}
+
+// set partial to true to test if, for example,
+// "/a/b" matches the start of "/*/b/*/d"
+// Partial means, if you run out of file before you run
+// out of pattern, then that's fine, as long as all
+// the parts match.
+Minimatch.prototype.matchOne = function (file, pattern, partial) {
+ var options = this.options
+
+ this.debug('matchOne',
+ { 'this': this, file: file, pattern: pattern })
+
+ this.debug('matchOne', file.length, pattern.length)
+
+ for (var fi = 0,
+ pi = 0,
+ fl = file.length,
+ pl = pattern.length
+ ; (fi < fl) && (pi < pl)
+ ; fi++, pi++) {
+ this.debug('matchOne loop')
+ var p = pattern[pi]
+ var f = file[fi]
+
+ this.debug(pattern, p, f)
+
+ // should be impossible.
+ // some invalid regexp stuff in the set.
+ if (p === false) return false
+
+ if (p === GLOBSTAR) {
+ this.debug('GLOBSTAR', [pattern, p, f])
+
+ // "**"
+ // a/**/b/**/c would match the following:
+ // a/b/x/y/z/c
+ // a/x/y/z/b/c
+ // a/b/x/b/x/c
+ // a/b/c
+ // To do this, take the rest of the pattern after
+ // the **, and see if it would match the file remainder.
+ // If so, return success.
+ // If not, the ** "swallows" a segment, and try again.
+ // This is recursively awful.
+ //
+ // a/**/b/**/c matching a/b/x/y/z/c
+ // - a matches a
+ // - doublestar
+ // - matchOne(b/x/y/z/c, b/**/c)
+ // - b matches b
+ // - doublestar
+ // - matchOne(x/y/z/c, c) -> no
+ // - matchOne(y/z/c, c) -> no
+ // - matchOne(z/c, c) -> no
+ // - matchOne(c, c) yes, hit
+ var fr = fi
+ var pr = pi + 1
+ if (pr === pl) {
+ this.debug('** at the end')
+ // a ** at the end will just swallow the rest.
+ // We have found a match.
+ // however, it will not swallow /.x, unless
+ // options.dot is set.
+ // . and .. are *never* matched by **, for explosively
+ // exponential reasons.
+ for (; fi < fl; fi++) {
+ if (file[fi] === '.' || file[fi] === '..' ||
+ (!options.dot && file[fi].charAt(0) === '.')) return false
+ }
+ return true
+ }
+
+ // ok, let's see if we can swallow whatever we can.
+ while (fr < fl) {
+ var swallowee = file[fr]
+
+ this.debug('\nglobstar while', file, fr, pattern, pr, swallowee)
+
+ // XXX remove this slice. Just pass the start index.
+ if (this.matchOne(file.slice(fr), pattern.slice(pr), partial)) {
+ this.debug('globstar found match!', fr, fl, swallowee)
+ // found a match.
+ return true
+ } else {
+ // can't swallow "." or ".." ever.
+ // can only swallow ".foo" when explicitly asked.
+ if (swallowee === '.' || swallowee === '..' ||
+ (!options.dot && swallowee.charAt(0) === '.')) {
+ this.debug('dot detected!', file, fr, pattern, pr)
+ break
+ }
+
+ // ** swallows a segment, and continue.
+ this.debug('globstar swallow a segment, and continue')
+ fr++
+ }
+ }
+
+ // no match was found.
+ // However, in partial mode, we can't say this is necessarily over.
+ // If there's more *pattern* left, then
+ if (partial) {
+ // ran out of file
+ this.debug('\n>>> no match, partial?', file, fr, pattern, pr)
+ if (fr === fl) return true
+ }
+ return false
+ }
+
+ // something other than **
+ // non-magic patterns just have to match exactly
+ // patterns with magic have been turned into regexps.
+ var hit
+ if (typeof p === 'string') {
+ if (options.nocase) {
+ hit = f.toLowerCase() === p.toLowerCase()
+ } else {
+ hit = f === p
+ }
+ this.debug('string match', p, f, hit)
+ } else {
+ hit = f.match(p)
+ this.debug('pattern match', p, f, hit)
+ }
+
+ if (!hit) return false
+ }
+
+ // Note: ending in / means that we'll get a final ""
+ // at the end of the pattern. This can only match a
+ // corresponding "" at the end of the file.
+ // If the file ends in /, then it can only match a
+ // a pattern that ends in /, unless the pattern just
+ // doesn't have any more for it. But, a/b/ should *not*
+ // match "a/b/*", even though "" matches against the
+ // [^/]*? pattern, except in partial mode, where it might
+ // simply not be reached yet.
+ // However, a/b/ should still satisfy a/*
+
+ // now either we fell off the end of the pattern, or we're done.
+ if (fi === fl && pi === pl) {
+ // ran out of pattern and filename at the same time.
+ // an exact hit!
+ return true
+ } else if (fi === fl) {
+ // ran out of file, but still had pattern left.
+ // this is ok if we're doing the match as part of
+ // a glob fs traversal.
+ return partial
+ } else if (pi === pl) {
+ // ran out of pattern, still have file left.
+ // this is only acceptable if we're on the very last
+ // empty segment of a file with a trailing slash.
+ // a/* should match a/b/
+ var emptyFileEnd = (fi === fl - 1) && (file[fi] === '')
+ return emptyFileEnd
+ }
+
+ // should be unreachable.
+ throw new Error('wtf?')
+}
+
+// replace stuff like \* with *
+function globUnescape (s) {
+ return s.replace(/\\(.)/g, '$1')
+}
+
+function regExpEscape (s) {
+ return s.replace(/[-[\]{}()*+?.,\\^$|#\s]/g, '\\$&')
+}
+
+},{"brace-expansion":11,"path":22}],21:[function(require,module,exports){
+var wrappy = require('wrappy')
+module.exports = wrappy(once)
+module.exports.strict = wrappy(onceStrict)
+
+once.proto = once(function () {
+ Object.defineProperty(Function.prototype, 'once', {
+ value: function () {
+ return once(this)
+ },
+ configurable: true
+ })
+
+ Object.defineProperty(Function.prototype, 'onceStrict', {
+ value: function () {
+ return onceStrict(this)
+ },
+ configurable: true
+ })
+})
+
+function once (fn) {
+ var f = function () {
+ if (f.called) return f.value
+ f.called = true
+ return f.value = fn.apply(this, arguments)
+ }
+ f.called = false
+ return f
+}
+
+function onceStrict (fn) {
+ var f = function () {
+ if (f.called)
+ throw new Error(f.onceError)
+ f.called = true
+ return f.value = fn.apply(this, arguments)
+ }
+ var name = fn.name || 'Function wrapped with `once`'
+ f.onceError = name + " shouldn't be called more than once"
+ f.called = false
+ return f
+}
+
+},{"wrappy":29}],22:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// resolves . and .. elements in a path array with directory names there
+// must be no slashes, empty elements, or device names (c:\) in the array
+// (so also no leading and trailing slashes - it does not distinguish
+// relative and absolute paths)
+function normalizeArray(parts, allowAboveRoot) {
+ // if the path tries to go above the root, `up` ends up > 0
+ var up = 0;
+ for (var i = parts.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+ var last = parts[i];
+ if (last === '.') {
+ parts.splice(i, 1);
+ } else if (last === '..') {
+ parts.splice(i, 1);
+ up++;
+ } else if (up) {
+ parts.splice(i, 1);
+ up--;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // if the path is allowed to go above the root, restore leading ..s
+ if (allowAboveRoot) {
+ for (; up--; up) {
+ parts.unshift('..');
+ }
+ }
+
+ return parts;
+}
+
+// Split a filename into [root, dir, basename, ext], unix version
+// 'root' is just a slash, or nothing.
+var splitPathRe =
+ /^(\/?|)([\s\S]*?)((?:\.{1,2}|[^\/]+?|)(\.[^.\/]*|))(?:[\/]*)$/;
+var splitPath = function(filename) {
+ return splitPathRe.exec(filename).slice(1);
+};
+
+// path.resolve([from ...], to)
+// posix version
+exports.resolve = function() {
+ var resolvedPath = '',
+ resolvedAbsolute = false;
+
+ for (var i = arguments.length - 1; i >= -1 && !resolvedAbsolute; i--) {
+ var path = (i >= 0) ? arguments[i] : process.cwd();
+
+ // Skip empty and invalid entries
+ if (typeof path !== 'string') {
+ throw new TypeError('Arguments to path.resolve must be strings');
+ } else if (!path) {
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ resolvedPath = path + '/' + resolvedPath;
+ resolvedAbsolute = path.charAt(0) === '/';
+ }
+
+ // At this point the path should be resolved to a full absolute path, but
+ // handle relative paths to be safe (might happen when process.cwd() fails)
+
+ // Normalize the path
+ resolvedPath = normalizeArray(filter(resolvedPath.split('/'), function(p) {
+ return !!p;
+ }), !resolvedAbsolute).join('/');
+
+ return ((resolvedAbsolute ? '/' : '') + resolvedPath) || '.';
+};
+
+// path.normalize(path)
+// posix version
+exports.normalize = function(path) {
+ var isAbsolute = exports.isAbsolute(path),
+ trailingSlash = substr(path, -1) === '/';
+
+ // Normalize the path
+ path = normalizeArray(filter(path.split('/'), function(p) {
+ return !!p;
+ }), !isAbsolute).join('/');
+
+ if (!path && !isAbsolute) {
+ path = '.';
+ }
+ if (path && trailingSlash) {
+ path += '/';
+ }
+
+ return (isAbsolute ? '/' : '') + path;
+};
+
+// posix version
+exports.isAbsolute = function(path) {
+ return path.charAt(0) === '/';
+};
+
+// posix version
+exports.join = function() {
+ var paths = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0);
+ return exports.normalize(filter(paths, function(p, index) {
+ if (typeof p !== 'string') {
+ throw new TypeError('Arguments to path.join must be strings');
+ }
+ return p;
+ }).join('/'));
+};
+
+
+// path.relative(from, to)
+// posix version
+exports.relative = function(from, to) {
+ from = exports.resolve(from).substr(1);
+ to = exports.resolve(to).substr(1);
+
+ function trim(arr) {
+ var start = 0;
+ for (; start < arr.length; start++) {
+ if (arr[start] !== '') break;
+ }
+
+ var end = arr.length - 1;
+ for (; end >= 0; end--) {
+ if (arr[end] !== '') break;
+ }
+
+ if (start > end) return [];
+ return arr.slice(start, end - start + 1);
+ }
+
+ var fromParts = trim(from.split('/'));
+ var toParts = trim(to.split('/'));
+
+ var length = Math.min(fromParts.length, toParts.length);
+ var samePartsLength = length;
+ for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+ if (fromParts[i] !== toParts[i]) {
+ samePartsLength = i;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ var outputParts = [];
+ for (var i = samePartsLength; i < fromParts.length; i++) {
+ outputParts.push('..');
+ }
+
+ outputParts = outputParts.concat(toParts.slice(samePartsLength));
+
+ return outputParts.join('/');
+};
+
+exports.sep = '/';
+exports.delimiter = ':';
+
+exports.dirname = function(path) {
+ var result = splitPath(path),
+ root = result[0],
+ dir = result[1];
+
+ if (!root && !dir) {
+ // No dirname whatsoever
+ return '.';
+ }
+
+ if (dir) {
+ // It has a dirname, strip trailing slash
+ dir = dir.substr(0, dir.length - 1);
+ }
+
+ return root + dir;
+};
+
+
+exports.basename = function(path, ext) {
+ var f = splitPath(path)[2];
+ // TODO: make this comparison case-insensitive on windows?
+ if (ext && f.substr(-1 * ext.length) === ext) {
+ f = f.substr(0, f.length - ext.length);
+ }
+ return f;
+};
+
+
+exports.extname = function(path) {
+ return splitPath(path)[3];
+};
+
+function filter (xs, f) {
+ if (xs.filter) return xs.filter(f);
+ var res = [];
+ for (var i = 0; i < xs.length; i++) {
+ if (f(xs[i], i, xs)) res.push(xs[i]);
+ }
+ return res;
+}
+
+// String.prototype.substr - negative index don't work in IE8
+var substr = 'ab'.substr(-1) === 'b'
+ ? function (str, start, len) { return str.substr(start, len) }
+ : function (str, start, len) {
+ if (start < 0) start = str.length + start;
+ return str.substr(start, len);
+ }
+;
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":24}],23:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+'use strict';
+
+function posix(path) {
+ return path.charAt(0) === '/';
+}
+
+function win32(path) {
+ // https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/b3fcc245fb25539909ef1d5eaa01dbf92e168633/lib/path.js#L56
+ var splitDeviceRe = /^([a-zA-Z]:|[\\\/]{2}[^\\\/]+[\\\/]+[^\\\/]+)?([\\\/])?([\s\S]*?)$/;
+ var result = splitDeviceRe.exec(path);
+ var device = result[1] || '';
+ var isUnc = Boolean(device && device.charAt(1) !== ':');
+
+ // UNC paths are always absolute
+ return Boolean(result[2] || isUnc);
+}
+
+module.exports = process.platform === 'win32' ? win32 : posix;
+module.exports.posix = posix;
+module.exports.win32 = win32;
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":24}],24:[function(require,module,exports){
+// shim for using process in browser
+var process = module.exports = {};
+
+// cached from whatever global is present so that test runners that stub it
+// don't break things. But we need to wrap it in a try catch in case it is
+// wrapped in strict mode code which doesn't define any globals. It's inside a
+// function because try/catches deoptimize in certain engines.
+
+var cachedSetTimeout;
+var cachedClearTimeout;
+
+function defaultSetTimout() {
+ throw new Error('setTimeout has not been defined');
+}
+function defaultClearTimeout () {
+ throw new Error('clearTimeout has not been defined');
+}
+(function () {
+ try {
+ if (typeof setTimeout === 'function') {
+ cachedSetTimeout = setTimeout;
+ } else {
+ cachedSetTimeout = defaultSetTimout;
+ }
+ } catch (e) {
+ cachedSetTimeout = defaultSetTimout;
+ }
+ try {
+ if (typeof clearTimeout === 'function') {
+ cachedClearTimeout = clearTimeout;
+ } else {
+ cachedClearTimeout = defaultClearTimeout;
+ }
+ } catch (e) {
+ cachedClearTimeout = defaultClearTimeout;
+ }
+} ())
+function runTimeout(fun) {
+ if (cachedSetTimeout === setTimeout) {
+ //normal enviroments in sane situations
+ return setTimeout(fun, 0);
+ }
+ // if setTimeout wasn't available but was latter defined
+ if ((cachedSetTimeout === defaultSetTimout || !cachedSetTimeout) && setTimeout) {
+ cachedSetTimeout = setTimeout;
+ return setTimeout(fun, 0);
+ }
+ try {
+ // when when somebody has screwed with setTimeout but no I.E. maddness
+ return cachedSetTimeout(fun, 0);
+ } catch(e){
+ try {
+ // When we are in I.E. but the script has been evaled so I.E. doesn't trust the global object when called normally
+ return cachedSetTimeout.call(null, fun, 0);
+ } catch(e){
+ // same as above but when it's a version of I.E. that must have the global object for 'this', hopfully our context correct otherwise it will throw a global error
+ return cachedSetTimeout.call(this, fun, 0);
+ }
+ }
+
+
+}
+function runClearTimeout(marker) {
+ if (cachedClearTimeout === clearTimeout) {
+ //normal enviroments in sane situations
+ return clearTimeout(marker);
+ }
+ // if clearTimeout wasn't available but was latter defined
+ if ((cachedClearTimeout === defaultClearTimeout || !cachedClearTimeout) && clearTimeout) {
+ cachedClearTimeout = clearTimeout;
+ return clearTimeout(marker);
+ }
+ try {
+ // when when somebody has screwed with setTimeout but no I.E. maddness
+ return cachedClearTimeout(marker);
+ } catch (e){
+ try {
+ // When we are in I.E. but the script has been evaled so I.E. doesn't trust the global object when called normally
+ return cachedClearTimeout.call(null, marker);
+ } catch (e){
+ // same as above but when it's a version of I.E. that must have the global object for 'this', hopfully our context correct otherwise it will throw a global error.
+ // Some versions of I.E. have different rules for clearTimeout vs setTimeout
+ return cachedClearTimeout.call(this, marker);
+ }
+ }
+
+
+
+}
+var queue = [];
+var draining = false;
+var currentQueue;
+var queueIndex = -1;
+
+function cleanUpNextTick() {
+ if (!draining || !currentQueue) {
+ return;
+ }
+ draining = false;
+ if (currentQueue.length) {
+ queue = currentQueue.concat(queue);
+ } else {
+ queueIndex = -1;
+ }
+ if (queue.length) {
+ drainQueue();
+ }
+}
+
+function drainQueue() {
+ if (draining) {
+ return;
+ }
+ var timeout = runTimeout(cleanUpNextTick);
+ draining = true;
+
+ var len = queue.length;
+ while(len) {
+ currentQueue = queue;
+ queue = [];
+ while (++queueIndex < len) {
+ if (currentQueue) {
+ currentQueue[queueIndex].run();
+ }
+ }
+ queueIndex = -1;
+ len = queue.length;
+ }
+ currentQueue = null;
+ draining = false;
+ runClearTimeout(timeout);
+}
+
+process.nextTick = function (fun) {
+ var args = new Array(arguments.length - 1);
+ if (arguments.length > 1) {
+ for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+ args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+ }
+ }
+ queue.push(new Item(fun, args));
+ if (queue.length === 1 && !draining) {
+ runTimeout(drainQueue);
+ }
+};
+
+// v8 likes predictible objects
+function Item(fun, array) {
+ this.fun = fun;
+ this.array = array;
+}
+Item.prototype.run = function () {
+ this.fun.apply(null, this.array);
+};
+process.title = 'browser';
+process.browser = true;
+process.env = {};
+process.argv = [];
+process.version = ''; // empty string to avoid regexp issues
+process.versions = {};
+
+function noop() {}
+
+process.on = noop;
+process.addListener = noop;
+process.once = noop;
+process.off = noop;
+process.removeListener = noop;
+process.removeAllListeners = noop;
+process.emit = noop;
+process.prependListener = noop;
+process.prependOnceListener = noop;
+
+process.listeners = function (name) { return [] }
+
+process.binding = function (name) {
+ throw new Error('process.binding is not supported');
+};
+
+process.cwd = function () { return '/' };
+process.chdir = function (dir) {
+ throw new Error('process.chdir is not supported');
+};
+process.umask = function() { return 0; };
+
+},{}],25:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Underscore.js 1.8.3
+// http://underscorejs.org
+// (c) 2009-2015 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
+// Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
+
+(function() {
+
+ // Baseline setup
+ // --------------
+
+ // Establish the root object, `window` in the browser, or `exports` on the server.
+ var root = this;
+
+ // Save the previous value of the `_` variable.
+ var previousUnderscore = root._;
+
+ // Save bytes in the minified (but not gzipped) version:
+ var ArrayProto = Array.prototype, ObjProto = Object.prototype, FuncProto = Function.prototype;
+
+ // Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
+ var
+ push = ArrayProto.push,
+ slice = ArrayProto.slice,
+ toString = ObjProto.toString,
+ hasOwnProperty = ObjProto.hasOwnProperty;
+
+ // All **ECMAScript 5** native function implementations that we hope to use
+ // are declared here.
+ var
+ nativeIsArray = Array.isArray,
+ nativeKeys = Object.keys,
+ nativeBind = FuncProto.bind,
+ nativeCreate = Object.create;
+
+ // Naked function reference for surrogate-prototype-swapping.
+ var Ctor = function(){};
+
+ // Create a safe reference to the Underscore object for use below.
+ var _ = function(obj) {
+ if (obj instanceof _) return obj;
+ if (!(this instanceof _)) return new _(obj);
+ this._wrapped = obj;
+ };
+
+ // Export the Underscore object for **Node.js**, with
+ // backwards-compatibility for the old `require()` API. If we're in
+ // the browser, add `_` as a global object.
+ if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
+ if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
+ exports = module.exports = _;
+ }
+ exports._ = _;
+ } else {
+ root._ = _;
+ }
+
+ // Current version.
+ _.VERSION = '1.8.3';
+
+ // Internal function that returns an efficient (for current engines) version
+ // of the passed-in callback, to be repeatedly applied in other Underscore
+ // functions.
+ var optimizeCb = function(func, context, argCount) {
+ if (context === void 0) return func;
+ switch (argCount == null ? 3 : argCount) {
+ case 1: return function(value) {
+ return func.call(context, value);
+ };
+ case 2: return function(value, other) {
+ return func.call(context, value, other);
+ };
+ case 3: return function(value, index, collection) {
+ return func.call(context, value, index, collection);
+ };
+ case 4: return function(accumulator, value, index, collection) {
+ return func.call(context, accumulator, value, index, collection);
+ };
+ }
+ return function() {
+ return func.apply(context, arguments);
+ };
+ };
+
+ // A mostly-internal function to generate callbacks that can be applied
+ // to each element in a collection, returning the desired result — either
+ // identity, an arbitrary callback, a property matcher, or a property accessor.
+ var cb = function(value, context, argCount) {
+ if (value == null) return _.identity;
+ if (_.isFunction(value)) return optimizeCb(value, context, argCount);
+ if (_.isObject(value)) return _.matcher(value);
+ return _.property(value);
+ };
+ _.iteratee = function(value, context) {
+ return cb(value, context, Infinity);
+ };
+
+ // An internal function for creating assigner functions.
+ var createAssigner = function(keysFunc, undefinedOnly) {
+ return function(obj) {
+ var length = arguments.length;
+ if (length < 2 || obj == null) return obj;
+ for (var index = 1; index < length; index++) {
+ var source = arguments[index],
+ keys = keysFunc(source),
+ l = keys.length;
+ for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+ var key = keys[i];
+ if (!undefinedOnly || obj[key] === void 0) obj[key] = source[key];
+ }
+ }
+ return obj;
+ };
+ };
+
+ // An internal function for creating a new object that inherits from another.
+ var baseCreate = function(prototype) {
+ if (!_.isObject(prototype)) return {};
+ if (nativeCreate) return nativeCreate(prototype);
+ Ctor.prototype = prototype;
+ var result = new Ctor;
+ Ctor.prototype = null;
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ var property = function(key) {
+ return function(obj) {
+ return obj == null ? void 0 : obj[key];
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Helper for collection methods to determine whether a collection
+ // should be iterated as an array or as an object
+ // Related: http://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-tolength
+ // Avoids a very nasty iOS 8 JIT bug on ARM-64. #2094
+ var MAX_ARRAY_INDEX = Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;
+ var getLength = property('length');
+ var isArrayLike = function(collection) {
+ var length = getLength(collection);
+ return typeof length == 'number' && length >= 0 && length <= MAX_ARRAY_INDEX;
+ };
+
+ // Collection Functions
+ // --------------------
+
+ // The cornerstone, an `each` implementation, aka `forEach`.
+ // Handles raw objects in addition to array-likes. Treats all
+ // sparse array-likes as if they were dense.
+ _.each = _.forEach = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+ iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context);
+ var i, length;
+ if (isArrayLike(obj)) {
+ for (i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
+ iteratee(obj[i], i, obj);
+ }
+ } else {
+ var keys = _.keys(obj);
+ for (i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
+ iteratee(obj[keys[i]], keys[i], obj);
+ }
+ }
+ return obj;
+ };
+
+ // Return the results of applying the iteratee to each element.
+ _.map = _.collect = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+ iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+ var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
+ length = (keys || obj).length,
+ results = Array(length);
+ for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+ var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
+ results[index] = iteratee(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
+ }
+ return results;
+ };
+
+ // Create a reducing function iterating left or right.
+ function createReduce(dir) {
+ // Optimized iterator function as using arguments.length
+ // in the main function will deoptimize the, see #1991.
+ function iterator(obj, iteratee, memo, keys, index, length) {
+ for (; index >= 0 && index < length; index += dir) {
+ var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
+ memo = iteratee(memo, obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
+ }
+ return memo;
+ }
+
+ return function(obj, iteratee, memo, context) {
+ iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context, 4);
+ var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
+ length = (keys || obj).length,
+ index = dir > 0 ? 0 : length - 1;
+ // Determine the initial value if none is provided.
+ if (arguments.length < 3) {
+ memo = obj[keys ? keys[index] : index];
+ index += dir;
+ }
+ return iterator(obj, iteratee, memo, keys, index, length);
+ };
+ }
+
+ // **Reduce** builds up a single result from a list of values, aka `inject`,
+ // or `foldl`.
+ _.reduce = _.foldl = _.inject = createReduce(1);
+
+ // The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`.
+ _.reduceRight = _.foldr = createReduce(-1);
+
+ // Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`.
+ _.find = _.detect = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+ var key;
+ if (isArrayLike(obj)) {
+ key = _.findIndex(obj, predicate, context);
+ } else {
+ key = _.findKey(obj, predicate, context);
+ }
+ if (key !== void 0 && key !== -1) return obj[key];
+ };
+
+ // Return all the elements that pass a truth test.
+ // Aliased as `select`.
+ _.filter = _.select = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+ var results = [];
+ predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+ _.each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
+ if (predicate(value, index, list)) results.push(value);
+ });
+ return results;
+ };
+
+ // Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
+ _.reject = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+ return _.filter(obj, _.negate(cb(predicate)), context);
+ };
+
+ // Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test.
+ // Aliased as `all`.
+ _.every = _.all = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+ predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+ var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
+ length = (keys || obj).length;
+ for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+ var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
+ if (!predicate(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj)) return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+ };
+
+ // Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test.
+ // Aliased as `any`.
+ _.some = _.any = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+ predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+ var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
+ length = (keys || obj).length;
+ for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+ var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
+ if (predicate(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj)) return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+ };
+
+ // Determine if the array or object contains a given item (using `===`).
+ // Aliased as `includes` and `include`.
+ _.contains = _.includes = _.include = function(obj, item, fromIndex, guard) {
+ if (!isArrayLike(obj)) obj = _.values(obj);
+ if (typeof fromIndex != 'number' || guard) fromIndex = 0;
+ return _.indexOf(obj, item, fromIndex) >= 0;
+ };
+
+ // Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection.
+ _.invoke = function(obj, method) {
+ var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
+ var isFunc = _.isFunction(method);
+ return _.map(obj, function(value) {
+ var func = isFunc ? method : value[method];
+ return func == null ? func : func.apply(value, args);
+ });
+ };
+
+ // Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property.
+ _.pluck = function(obj, key) {
+ return _.map(obj, _.property(key));
+ };
+
+ // Convenience version of a common use case of `filter`: selecting only objects
+ // containing specific `key:value` pairs.
+ _.where = function(obj, attrs) {
+ return _.filter(obj, _.matcher(attrs));
+ };
+
+ // Convenience version of a common use case of `find`: getting the first object
+ // containing specific `key:value` pairs.
+ _.findWhere = function(obj, attrs) {
+ return _.find(obj, _.matcher(attrs));
+ };
+
+ // Return the maximum element (or element-based computation).
+ _.max = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+ var result = -Infinity, lastComputed = -Infinity,
+ value, computed;
+ if (iteratee == null && obj != null) {
+ obj = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
+ for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
+ value = obj[i];
+ if (value > result) {
+ result = value;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+ _.each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
+ computed = iteratee(value, index, list);
+ if (computed > lastComputed || computed === -Infinity && result === -Infinity) {
+ result = value;
+ lastComputed = computed;
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
+ _.min = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+ var result = Infinity, lastComputed = Infinity,
+ value, computed;
+ if (iteratee == null && obj != null) {
+ obj = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
+ for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
+ value = obj[i];
+ if (value < result) {
+ result = value;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+ _.each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
+ computed = iteratee(value, index, list);
+ if (computed < lastComputed || computed === Infinity && result === Infinity) {
+ result = value;
+ lastComputed = computed;
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Shuffle a collection, using the modern version of the
+ // [Fisher-Yates shuffle](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher–Yates_shuffle).
+ _.shuffle = function(obj) {
+ var set = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
+ var length = set.length;
+ var shuffled = Array(length);
+ for (var index = 0, rand; index < length; index++) {
+ rand = _.random(0, index);
+ if (rand !== index) shuffled[index] = shuffled[rand];
+ shuffled[rand] = set[index];
+ }
+ return shuffled;
+ };
+
+ // Sample **n** random values from a collection.
+ // If **n** is not specified, returns a single random element.
+ // The internal `guard` argument allows it to work with `map`.
+ _.sample = function(obj, n, guard) {
+ if (n == null || guard) {
+ if (!isArrayLike(obj)) obj = _.values(obj);
+ return obj[_.random(obj.length - 1)];
+ }
+ return _.shuffle(obj).slice(0, Math.max(0, n));
+ };
+
+ // Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iteratee.
+ _.sortBy = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+ iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+ return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, index, list) {
+ return {
+ value: value,
+ index: index,
+ criteria: iteratee(value, index, list)
+ };
+ }).sort(function(left, right) {
+ var a = left.criteria;
+ var b = right.criteria;
+ if (a !== b) {
+ if (a > b || a === void 0) return 1;
+ if (a < b || b === void 0) return -1;
+ }
+ return left.index - right.index;
+ }), 'value');
+ };
+
+ // An internal function used for aggregate "group by" operations.
+ var group = function(behavior) {
+ return function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+ var result = {};
+ iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+ _.each(obj, function(value, index) {
+ var key = iteratee(value, index, obj);
+ behavior(result, value, key);
+ });
+ return result;
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Groups the object's values by a criterion. Pass either a string attribute
+ // to group by, or a function that returns the criterion.
+ _.groupBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
+ if (_.has(result, key)) result[key].push(value); else result[key] = [value];
+ });
+
+ // Indexes the object's values by a criterion, similar to `groupBy`, but for
+ // when you know that your index values will be unique.
+ _.indexBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
+ result[key] = value;
+ });
+
+ // Counts instances of an object that group by a certain criterion. Pass
+ // either a string attribute to count by, or a function that returns the
+ // criterion.
+ _.countBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
+ if (_.has(result, key)) result[key]++; else result[key] = 1;
+ });
+
+ // Safely create a real, live array from anything iterable.
+ _.toArray = function(obj) {
+ if (!obj) return [];
+ if (_.isArray(obj)) return slice.call(obj);
+ if (isArrayLike(obj)) return _.map(obj, _.identity);
+ return _.values(obj);
+ };
+
+ // Return the number of elements in an object.
+ _.size = function(obj) {
+ if (obj == null) return 0;
+ return isArrayLike(obj) ? obj.length : _.keys(obj).length;
+ };
+
+ // Split a collection into two arrays: one whose elements all satisfy the given
+ // predicate, and one whose elements all do not satisfy the predicate.
+ _.partition = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+ predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+ var pass = [], fail = [];
+ _.each(obj, function(value, key, obj) {
+ (predicate(value, key, obj) ? pass : fail).push(value);
+ });
+ return [pass, fail];
+ };
+
+ // Array Functions
+ // ---------------
+
+ // Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N
+ // values in the array. Aliased as `head` and `take`. The **guard** check
+ // allows it to work with `_.map`.
+ _.first = _.head = _.take = function(array, n, guard) {
+ if (array == null) return void 0;
+ if (n == null || guard) return array[0];
+ return _.initial(array, array.length - n);
+ };
+
+ // Returns everything but the last entry of the array. Especially useful on
+ // the arguments object. Passing **n** will return all the values in
+ // the array, excluding the last N.
+ _.initial = function(array, n, guard) {
+ return slice.call(array, 0, Math.max(0, array.length - (n == null || guard ? 1 : n)));
+ };
+
+ // Get the last element of an array. Passing **n** will return the last N
+ // values in the array.
+ _.last = function(array, n, guard) {
+ if (array == null) return void 0;
+ if (n == null || guard) return array[array.length - 1];
+ return _.rest(array, Math.max(0, array.length - n));
+ };
+
+ // Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail` and `drop`.
+ // Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **n** will return
+ // the rest N values in the array.
+ _.rest = _.tail = _.drop = function(array, n, guard) {
+ return slice.call(array, n == null || guard ? 1 : n);
+ };
+
+ // Trim out all falsy values from an array.
+ _.compact = function(array) {
+ return _.filter(array, _.identity);
+ };
+
+ // Internal implementation of a recursive `flatten` function.
+ var flatten = function(input, shallow, strict, startIndex) {
+ var output = [], idx = 0;
+ for (var i = startIndex || 0, length = getLength(input); i < length; i++) {
+ var value = input[i];
+ if (isArrayLike(value) && (_.isArray(value) || _.isArguments(value))) {
+ //flatten current level of array or arguments object
+ if (!shallow) value = flatten(value, shallow, strict);
+ var j = 0, len = value.length;
+ output.length += len;
+ while (j < len) {
+ output[idx++] = value[j++];
+ }
+ } else if (!strict) {
+ output[idx++] = value;
+ }
+ }
+ return output;
+ };
+
+ // Flatten out an array, either recursively (by default), or just one level.
+ _.flatten = function(array, shallow) {
+ return flatten(array, shallow, false);
+ };
+
+ // Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
+ _.without = function(array) {
+ return _.difference(array, slice.call(arguments, 1));
+ };
+
+ // Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already
+ // been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.
+ // Aliased as `unique`.
+ _.uniq = _.unique = function(array, isSorted, iteratee, context) {
+ if (!_.isBoolean(isSorted)) {
+ context = iteratee;
+ iteratee = isSorted;
+ isSorted = false;
+ }
+ if (iteratee != null) iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+ var result = [];
+ var seen = [];
+ for (var i = 0, length = getLength(array); i < length; i++) {
+ var value = array[i],
+ computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value, i, array) : value;
+ if (isSorted) {
+ if (!i || seen !== computed) result.push(value);
+ seen = computed;
+ } else if (iteratee) {
+ if (!_.contains(seen, computed)) {
+ seen.push(computed);
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ } else if (!_.contains(result, value)) {
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Produce an array that contains the union: each distinct element from all of
+ // the passed-in arrays.
+ _.union = function() {
+ return _.uniq(flatten(arguments, true, true));
+ };
+
+ // Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the
+ // passed-in arrays.
+ _.intersection = function(array) {
+ var result = [];
+ var argsLength = arguments.length;
+ for (var i = 0, length = getLength(array); i < length; i++) {
+ var item = array[i];
+ if (_.contains(result, item)) continue;
+ for (var j = 1; j < argsLength; j++) {
+ if (!_.contains(arguments[j], item)) break;
+ }
+ if (j === argsLength) result.push(item);
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Take the difference between one array and a number of other arrays.
+ // Only the elements present in just the first array will remain.
+ _.difference = function(array) {
+ var rest = flatten(arguments, true, true, 1);
+ return _.filter(array, function(value){
+ return !_.contains(rest, value);
+ });
+ };
+
+ // Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share
+ // an index go together.
+ _.zip = function() {
+ return _.unzip(arguments);
+ };
+
+ // Complement of _.zip. Unzip accepts an array of arrays and groups
+ // each array's elements on shared indices
+ _.unzip = function(array) {
+ var length = array && _.max(array, getLength).length || 0;
+ var result = Array(length);
+
+ for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+ result[index] = _.pluck(array, index);
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Converts lists into objects. Pass either a single array of `[key, value]`
+ // pairs, or two parallel arrays of the same length -- one of keys, and one of
+ // the corresponding values.
+ _.object = function(list, values) {
+ var result = {};
+ for (var i = 0, length = getLength(list); i < length; i++) {
+ if (values) {
+ result[list[i]] = values[i];
+ } else {
+ result[list[i][0]] = list[i][1];
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Generator function to create the findIndex and findLastIndex functions
+ function createPredicateIndexFinder(dir) {
+ return function(array, predicate, context) {
+ predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+ var length = getLength(array);
+ var index = dir > 0 ? 0 : length - 1;
+ for (; index >= 0 && index < length; index += dir) {
+ if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) return index;
+ }
+ return -1;
+ };
+ }
+
+ // Returns the first index on an array-like that passes a predicate test
+ _.findIndex = createPredicateIndexFinder(1);
+ _.findLastIndex = createPredicateIndexFinder(-1);
+
+ // Use a comparator function to figure out the smallest index at which
+ // an object should be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
+ _.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iteratee, context) {
+ iteratee = cb(iteratee, context, 1);
+ var value = iteratee(obj);
+ var low = 0, high = getLength(array);
+ while (low < high) {
+ var mid = Math.floor((low + high) / 2);
+ if (iteratee(array[mid]) < value) low = mid + 1; else high = mid;
+ }
+ return low;
+ };
+
+ // Generator function to create the indexOf and lastIndexOf functions
+ function createIndexFinder(dir, predicateFind, sortedIndex) {
+ return function(array, item, idx) {
+ var i = 0, length = getLength(array);
+ if (typeof idx == 'number') {
+ if (dir > 0) {
+ i = idx >= 0 ? idx : Math.max(idx + length, i);
+ } else {
+ length = idx >= 0 ? Math.min(idx + 1, length) : idx + length + 1;
+ }
+ } else if (sortedIndex && idx && length) {
+ idx = sortedIndex(array, item);
+ return array[idx] === item ? idx : -1;
+ }
+ if (item !== item) {
+ idx = predicateFind(slice.call(array, i, length), _.isNaN);
+ return idx >= 0 ? idx + i : -1;
+ }
+ for (idx = dir > 0 ? i : length - 1; idx >= 0 && idx < length; idx += dir) {
+ if (array[idx] === item) return idx;
+ }
+ return -1;
+ };
+ }
+
+ // Return the position of the first occurrence of an item in an array,
+ // or -1 if the item is not included in the array.
+ // If the array is large and already in sort order, pass `true`
+ // for **isSorted** to use binary search.
+ _.indexOf = createIndexFinder(1, _.findIndex, _.sortedIndex);
+ _.lastIndexOf = createIndexFinder(-1, _.findLastIndex);
+
+ // Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of
+ // the native Python `range()` function. See
+ // [the Python documentation](http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range).
+ _.range = function(start, stop, step) {
+ if (stop == null) {
+ stop = start || 0;
+ start = 0;
+ }
+ step = step || 1;
+
+ var length = Math.max(Math.ceil((stop - start) / step), 0);
+ var range = Array(length);
+
+ for (var idx = 0; idx < length; idx++, start += step) {
+ range[idx] = start;
+ }
+
+ return range;
+ };
+
+ // Function (ahem) Functions
+ // ------------------
+
+ // Determines whether to execute a function as a constructor
+ // or a normal function with the provided arguments
+ var executeBound = function(sourceFunc, boundFunc, context, callingContext, args) {
+ if (!(callingContext instanceof boundFunc)) return sourceFunc.apply(context, args);
+ var self = baseCreate(sourceFunc.prototype);
+ var result = sourceFunc.apply(self, args);
+ if (_.isObject(result)) return result;
+ return self;
+ };
+
+ // Create a function bound to a given object (assigning `this`, and arguments,
+ // optionally). Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Function.bind` if
+ // available.
+ _.bind = function(func, context) {
+ if (nativeBind && func.bind === nativeBind) return nativeBind.apply(func, slice.call(arguments, 1));
+ if (!_.isFunction(func)) throw new TypeError('Bind must be called on a function');
+ var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
+ var bound = function() {
+ return executeBound(func, bound, context, this, args.concat(slice.call(arguments)));
+ };
+ return bound;
+ };
+
+ // Partially apply a function by creating a version that has had some of its
+ // arguments pre-filled, without changing its dynamic `this` context. _ acts
+ // as a placeholder, allowing any combination of arguments to be pre-filled.
+ _.partial = function(func) {
+ var boundArgs = slice.call(arguments, 1);
+ var bound = function() {
+ var position = 0, length = boundArgs.length;
+ var args = Array(length);
+ for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+ args[i] = boundArgs[i] === _ ? arguments[position++] : boundArgs[i];
+ }
+ while (position < arguments.length) args.push(arguments[position++]);
+ return executeBound(func, bound, this, this, args);
+ };
+ return bound;
+ };
+
+ // Bind a number of an object's methods to that object. Remaining arguments
+ // are the method names to be bound. Useful for ensuring that all callbacks
+ // defined on an object belong to it.
+ _.bindAll = function(obj) {
+ var i, length = arguments.length, key;
+ if (length <= 1) throw new Error('bindAll must be passed function names');
+ for (i = 1; i < length; i++) {
+ key = arguments[i];
+ obj[key] = _.bind(obj[key], obj);
+ }
+ return obj;
+ };
+
+ // Memoize an expensive function by storing its results.
+ _.memoize = function(func, hasher) {
+ var memoize = function(key) {
+ var cache = memoize.cache;
+ var address = '' + (hasher ? hasher.apply(this, arguments) : key);
+ if (!_.has(cache, address)) cache[address] = func.apply(this, arguments);
+ return cache[address];
+ };
+ memoize.cache = {};
+ return memoize;
+ };
+
+ // Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls
+ // it with the arguments supplied.
+ _.delay = function(func, wait) {
+ var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
+ return setTimeout(function(){
+ return func.apply(null, args);
+ }, wait);
+ };
+
+ // Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has
+ // cleared.
+ _.defer = _.partial(_.delay, _, 1);
+
+ // Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once
+ // during a given window of time. Normally, the throttled function will run
+ // as much as it can, without ever going more than once per `wait` duration;
+ // but if you'd like to disable the execution on the leading edge, pass
+ // `{leading: false}`. To disable execution on the trailing edge, ditto.
+ _.throttle = function(func, wait, options) {
+ var context, args, result;
+ var timeout = null;
+ var previous = 0;
+ if (!options) options = {};
+ var later = function() {
+ previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : _.now();
+ timeout = null;
+ result = func.apply(context, args);
+ if (!timeout) context = args = null;
+ };
+ return function() {
+ var now = _.now();
+ if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now;
+ var remaining = wait - (now - previous);
+ context = this;
+ args = arguments;
+ if (remaining <= 0 || remaining > wait) {
+ if (timeout) {
+ clearTimeout(timeout);
+ timeout = null;
+ }
+ previous = now;
+ result = func.apply(context, args);
+ if (!timeout) context = args = null;
+ } else if (!timeout && options.trailing !== false) {
+ timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining);
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not
+ // be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for
+ // N milliseconds. If `immediate` is passed, trigger the function on the
+ // leading edge, instead of the trailing.
+ _.debounce = function(func, wait, immediate) {
+ var timeout, args, context, timestamp, result;
+
+ var later = function() {
+ var last = _.now() - timestamp;
+
+ if (last < wait && last >= 0) {
+ timeout = setTimeout(later, wait - last);
+ } else {
+ timeout = null;
+ if (!immediate) {
+ result = func.apply(context, args);
+ if (!timeout) context = args = null;
+ }
+ }
+ };
+
+ return function() {
+ context = this;
+ args = arguments;
+ timestamp = _.now();
+ var callNow = immediate && !timeout;
+ if (!timeout) timeout = setTimeout(later, wait);
+ if (callNow) {
+ result = func.apply(context, args);
+ context = args = null;
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,
+ // allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and
+ // conditionally execute the original function.
+ _.wrap = function(func, wrapper) {
+ return _.partial(wrapper, func);
+ };
+
+ // Returns a negated version of the passed-in predicate.
+ _.negate = function(predicate) {
+ return function() {
+ return !predicate.apply(this, arguments);
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each
+ // consuming the return value of the function that follows.
+ _.compose = function() {
+ var args = arguments;
+ var start = args.length - 1;
+ return function() {
+ var i = start;
+ var result = args[start].apply(this, arguments);
+ while (i--) result = args[i].call(this, result);
+ return result;
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Returns a function that will only be executed on and after the Nth call.
+ _.after = function(times, func) {
+ return function() {
+ if (--times < 1) {
+ return func.apply(this, arguments);
+ }
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Returns a function that will only be executed up to (but not including) the Nth call.
+ _.before = function(times, func) {
+ var memo;
+ return function() {
+ if (--times > 0) {
+ memo = func.apply(this, arguments);
+ }
+ if (times <= 1) func = null;
+ return memo;
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how
+ // often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization.
+ _.once = _.partial(_.before, 2);
+
+ // Object Functions
+ // ----------------
+
+ // Keys in IE < 9 that won't be iterated by `for key in ...` and thus missed.
+ var hasEnumBug = !{toString: null}.propertyIsEnumerable('toString');
+ var nonEnumerableProps = ['valueOf', 'isPrototypeOf', 'toString',
+ 'propertyIsEnumerable', 'hasOwnProperty', 'toLocaleString'];
+
+ function collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys) {
+ var nonEnumIdx = nonEnumerableProps.length;
+ var constructor = obj.constructor;
+ var proto = (_.isFunction(constructor) && constructor.prototype) || ObjProto;
+
+ // Constructor is a special case.
+ var prop = 'constructor';
+ if (_.has(obj, prop) && !_.contains(keys, prop)) keys.push(prop);
+
+ while (nonEnumIdx--) {
+ prop = nonEnumerableProps[nonEnumIdx];
+ if (prop in obj && obj[prop] !== proto[prop] && !_.contains(keys, prop)) {
+ keys.push(prop);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Retrieve the names of an object's own properties.
+ // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Object.keys`
+ _.keys = function(obj) {
+ if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
+ if (nativeKeys) return nativeKeys(obj);
+ var keys = [];
+ for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
+ // Ahem, IE < 9.
+ if (hasEnumBug) collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys);
+ return keys;
+ };
+
+ // Retrieve all the property names of an object.
+ _.allKeys = function(obj) {
+ if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
+ var keys = [];
+ for (var key in obj) keys.push(key);
+ // Ahem, IE < 9.
+ if (hasEnumBug) collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys);
+ return keys;
+ };
+
+ // Retrieve the values of an object's properties.
+ _.values = function(obj) {
+ var keys = _.keys(obj);
+ var length = keys.length;
+ var values = Array(length);
+ for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+ values[i] = obj[keys[i]];
+ }
+ return values;
+ };
+
+ // Returns the results of applying the iteratee to each element of the object
+ // In contrast to _.map it returns an object
+ _.mapObject = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+ iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+ var keys = _.keys(obj),
+ length = keys.length,
+ results = {},
+ currentKey;
+ for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+ currentKey = keys[index];
+ results[currentKey] = iteratee(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
+ }
+ return results;
+ };
+
+ // Convert an object into a list of `[key, value]` pairs.
+ _.pairs = function(obj) {
+ var keys = _.keys(obj);
+ var length = keys.length;
+ var pairs = Array(length);
+ for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+ pairs[i] = [keys[i], obj[keys[i]]];
+ }
+ return pairs;
+ };
+
+ // Invert the keys and values of an object. The values must be serializable.
+ _.invert = function(obj) {
+ var result = {};
+ var keys = _.keys(obj);
+ for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
+ result[obj[keys[i]]] = keys[i];
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Return a sorted list of the function names available on the object.
+ // Aliased as `methods`
+ _.functions = _.methods = function(obj) {
+ var names = [];
+ for (var key in obj) {
+ if (_.isFunction(obj[key])) names.push(key);
+ }
+ return names.sort();
+ };
+
+ // Extend a given object with all the properties in passed-in object(s).
+ _.extend = createAssigner(_.allKeys);
+
+ // Assigns a given object with all the own properties in the passed-in object(s)
+ // (https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/assign)
+ _.extendOwn = _.assign = createAssigner(_.keys);
+
+ // Returns the first key on an object that passes a predicate test
+ _.findKey = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+ predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+ var keys = _.keys(obj), key;
+ for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
+ key = keys[i];
+ if (predicate(obj[key], key, obj)) return key;
+ }
+ };
+
+ // Return a copy of the object only containing the whitelisted properties.
+ _.pick = function(object, oiteratee, context) {
+ var result = {}, obj = object, iteratee, keys;
+ if (obj == null) return result;
+ if (_.isFunction(oiteratee)) {
+ keys = _.allKeys(obj);
+ iteratee = optimizeCb(oiteratee, context);
+ } else {
+ keys = flatten(arguments, false, false, 1);
+ iteratee = function(value, key, obj) { return key in obj; };
+ obj = Object(obj);
+ }
+ for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
+ var key = keys[i];
+ var value = obj[key];
+ if (iteratee(value, key, obj)) result[key] = value;
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Return a copy of the object without the blacklisted properties.
+ _.omit = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+ if (_.isFunction(iteratee)) {
+ iteratee = _.negate(iteratee);
+ } else {
+ var keys = _.map(flatten(arguments, false, false, 1), String);
+ iteratee = function(value, key) {
+ return !_.contains(keys, key);
+ };
+ }
+ return _.pick(obj, iteratee, context);
+ };
+
+ // Fill in a given object with default properties.
+ _.defaults = createAssigner(_.allKeys, true);
+
+ // Creates an object that inherits from the given prototype object.
+ // If additional properties are provided then they will be added to the
+ // created object.
+ _.create = function(prototype, props) {
+ var result = baseCreate(prototype);
+ if (props) _.extendOwn(result, props);
+ return result;
+ };
+
+ // Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object.
+ _.clone = function(obj) {
+ if (!_.isObject(obj)) return obj;
+ return _.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.extend({}, obj);
+ };
+
+ // Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj.
+ // The primary purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain, in
+ // order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.
+ _.tap = function(obj, interceptor) {
+ interceptor(obj);
+ return obj;
+ };
+
+ // Returns whether an object has a given set of `key:value` pairs.
+ _.isMatch = function(object, attrs) {
+ var keys = _.keys(attrs), length = keys.length;
+ if (object == null) return !length;
+ var obj = Object(object);
+ for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+ var key = keys[i];
+ if (attrs[key] !== obj[key] || !(key in obj)) return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+ };
+
+
+ // Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`.
+ var eq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) {
+ // Identical objects are equal. `0 === -0`, but they aren't identical.
+ // See the [Harmony `egal` proposal](http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:egal).
+ if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a === 1 / b;
+ // A strict comparison is necessary because `null == undefined`.
+ if (a == null || b == null) return a === b;
+ // Unwrap any wrapped objects.
+ if (a instanceof _) a = a._wrapped;
+ if (b instanceof _) b = b._wrapped;
+ // Compare `[[Class]]` names.
+ var className = toString.call(a);
+ if (className !== toString.call(b)) return false;
+ switch (className) {
+ // Strings, numbers, regular expressions, dates, and booleans are compared by value.
+ case '[object RegExp]':
+ // RegExps are coerced to strings for comparison (Note: '' + /a/i === '/a/i')
+ case '[object String]':
+ // Primitives and their corresponding object wrappers are equivalent; thus, `"5"` is
+ // equivalent to `new String("5")`.
+ return '' + a === '' + b;
+ case '[object Number]':
+ // `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive.
+ // Object(NaN) is equivalent to NaN
+ if (+a !== +a) return +b !== +b;
+ // An `egal` comparison is performed for other numeric values.
+ return +a === 0 ? 1 / +a === 1 / b : +a === +b;
+ case '[object Date]':
+ case '[object Boolean]':
+ // Coerce dates and booleans to numeric primitive values. Dates are compared by their
+ // millisecond representations. Note that invalid dates with millisecond representations
+ // of `NaN` are not equivalent.
+ return +a === +b;
+ }
+
+ var areArrays = className === '[object Array]';
+ if (!areArrays) {
+ if (typeof a != 'object' || typeof b != 'object') return false;
+
+ // Objects with different constructors are not equivalent, but `Object`s or `Array`s
+ // from different frames are.
+ var aCtor = a.constructor, bCtor = b.constructor;
+ if (aCtor !== bCtor && !(_.isFunction(aCtor) && aCtor instanceof aCtor &&
+ _.isFunction(bCtor) && bCtor instanceof bCtor)
+ && ('constructor' in a && 'constructor' in b)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ // Assume equality for cyclic structures. The algorithm for detecting cyclic
+ // structures is adapted from ES 5.1 section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO`.
+
+ // Initializing stack of traversed objects.
+ // It's done here since we only need them for objects and arrays comparison.
+ aStack = aStack || [];
+ bStack = bStack || [];
+ var length = aStack.length;
+ while (length--) {
+ // Linear search. Performance is inversely proportional to the number of
+ // unique nested structures.
+ if (aStack[length] === a) return bStack[length] === b;
+ }
+
+ // Add the first object to the stack of traversed objects.
+ aStack.push(a);
+ bStack.push(b);
+
+ // Recursively compare objects and arrays.
+ if (areArrays) {
+ // Compare array lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary.
+ length = a.length;
+ if (length !== b.length) return false;
+ // Deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties.
+ while (length--) {
+ if (!eq(a[length], b[length], aStack, bStack)) return false;
+ }
+ } else {
+ // Deep compare objects.
+ var keys = _.keys(a), key;
+ length = keys.length;
+ // Ensure that both objects contain the same number of properties before comparing deep equality.
+ if (_.keys(b).length !== length) return false;
+ while (length--) {
+ // Deep compare each member
+ key = keys[length];
+ if (!(_.has(b, key) && eq(a[key], b[key], aStack, bStack))) return false;
+ }
+ }
+ // Remove the first object from the stack of traversed objects.
+ aStack.pop();
+ bStack.pop();
+ return true;
+ };
+
+ // Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.
+ _.isEqual = function(a, b) {
+ return eq(a, b);
+ };
+
+ // Is a given array, string, or object empty?
+ // An "empty" object has no enumerable own-properties.
+ _.isEmpty = function(obj) {
+ if (obj == null) return true;
+ if (isArrayLike(obj) && (_.isArray(obj) || _.isString(obj) || _.isArguments(obj))) return obj.length === 0;
+ return _.keys(obj).length === 0;
+ };
+
+ // Is a given value a DOM element?
+ _.isElement = function(obj) {
+ return !!(obj && obj.nodeType === 1);
+ };
+
+ // Is a given value an array?
+ // Delegates to ECMA5's native Array.isArray
+ _.isArray = nativeIsArray || function(obj) {
+ return toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]';
+ };
+
+ // Is a given variable an object?
+ _.isObject = function(obj) {
+ var type = typeof obj;
+ return type === 'function' || type === 'object' && !!obj;
+ };
+
+ // Add some isType methods: isArguments, isFunction, isString, isNumber, isDate, isRegExp, isError.
+ _.each(['Arguments', 'Function', 'String', 'Number', 'Date', 'RegExp', 'Error'], function(name) {
+ _['is' + name] = function(obj) {
+ return toString.call(obj) === '[object ' + name + ']';
+ };
+ });
+
+ // Define a fallback version of the method in browsers (ahem, IE < 9), where
+ // there isn't any inspectable "Arguments" type.
+ if (!_.isArguments(arguments)) {
+ _.isArguments = function(obj) {
+ return _.has(obj, 'callee');
+ };
+ }
+
+ // Optimize `isFunction` if appropriate. Work around some typeof bugs in old v8,
+ // IE 11 (#1621), and in Safari 8 (#1929).
+ if (typeof /./ != 'function' && typeof Int8Array != 'object') {
+ _.isFunction = function(obj) {
+ return typeof obj == 'function' || false;
+ };
+ }
+
+ // Is a given object a finite number?
+ _.isFinite = function(obj) {
+ return isFinite(obj) && !isNaN(parseFloat(obj));
+ };
+
+ // Is the given value `NaN`? (NaN is the only number which does not equal itself).
+ _.isNaN = function(obj) {
+ return _.isNumber(obj) && obj !== +obj;
+ };
+
+ // Is a given value a boolean?
+ _.isBoolean = function(obj) {
+ return obj === true || obj === false || toString.call(obj) === '[object Boolean]';
+ };
+
+ // Is a given value equal to null?
+ _.isNull = function(obj) {
+ return obj === null;
+ };
+
+ // Is a given variable undefined?
+ _.isUndefined = function(obj) {
+ return obj === void 0;
+ };
+
+ // Shortcut function for checking if an object has a given property directly
+ // on itself (in other words, not on a prototype).
+ _.has = function(obj, key) {
+ return obj != null && hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key);
+ };
+
+ // Utility Functions
+ // -----------------
+
+ // Run Underscore.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `_` variable to its
+ // previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object.
+ _.noConflict = function() {
+ root._ = previousUnderscore;
+ return this;
+ };
+
+ // Keep the identity function around for default iteratees.
+ _.identity = function(value) {
+ return value;
+ };
+
+ // Predicate-generating functions. Often useful outside of Underscore.
+ _.constant = function(value) {
+ return function() {
+ return value;
+ };
+ };
+
+ _.noop = function(){};
+
+ _.property = property;
+
+ // Generates a function for a given object that returns a given property.
+ _.propertyOf = function(obj) {
+ return obj == null ? function(){} : function(key) {
+ return obj[key];
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Returns a predicate for checking whether an object has a given set of
+ // `key:value` pairs.
+ _.matcher = _.matches = function(attrs) {
+ attrs = _.extendOwn({}, attrs);
+ return function(obj) {
+ return _.isMatch(obj, attrs);
+ };
+ };
+
+ // Run a function **n** times.
+ _.times = function(n, iteratee, context) {
+ var accum = Array(Math.max(0, n));
+ iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context, 1);
+ for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) accum[i] = iteratee(i);
+ return accum;
+ };
+
+ // Return a random integer between min and max (inclusive).
+ _.random = function(min, max) {
+ if (max == null) {
+ max = min;
+ min = 0;
+ }
+ return min + Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1));
+ };
+
+ // A (possibly faster) way to get the current timestamp as an integer.
+ _.now = Date.now || function() {
+ return new Date().getTime();
+ };
+
+ // List of HTML entities for escaping.
+ var escapeMap = {
+ '&': '&',
+ '<': '<',
+ '>': '>',
+ '"': '"',
+ "'": ''',
+ '`': '`'
+ };
+ var unescapeMap = _.invert(escapeMap);
+
+ // Functions for escaping and unescaping strings to/from HTML interpolation.
+ var createEscaper = function(map) {
+ var escaper = function(match) {
+ return map[match];
+ };
+ // Regexes for identifying a key that needs to be escaped
+ var source = '(?:' + _.keys(map).join('|') + ')';
+ var testRegexp = RegExp(source);
+ var replaceRegexp = RegExp(source, 'g');
+ return function(string) {
+ string = string == null ? '' : '' + string;
+ return testRegexp.test(string) ? string.replace(replaceRegexp, escaper) : string;
+ };
+ };
+ _.escape = createEscaper(escapeMap);
+ _.unescape = createEscaper(unescapeMap);
+
+ // If the value of the named `property` is a function then invoke it with the
+ // `object` as context; otherwise, return it.
+ _.result = function(object, property, fallback) {
+ var value = object == null ? void 0 : object[property];
+ if (value === void 0) {
+ value = fallback;
+ }
+ return _.isFunction(value) ? value.call(object) : value;
+ };
+
+ // Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session).
+ // Useful for temporary DOM ids.
+ var idCounter = 0;
+ _.uniqueId = function(prefix) {
+ var id = ++idCounter + '';
+ return prefix ? prefix + id : id;
+ };
+
+ // By default, Underscore uses ERB-style template delimiters, change the
+ // following template settings to use alternative delimiters.
+ _.templateSettings = {
+ evaluate : /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
+ interpolate : /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
+ escape : /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g
+ };
+
+ // When customizing `templateSettings`, if you don't want to define an
+ // interpolation, evaluation or escaping regex, we need one that is
+ // guaranteed not to match.
+ var noMatch = /(.)^/;
+
+ // Certain characters need to be escaped so that they can be put into a
+ // string literal.
+ var escapes = {
+ "'": "'",
+ '\\': '\\',
+ '\r': 'r',
+ '\n': 'n',
+ '\u2028': 'u2028',
+ '\u2029': 'u2029'
+ };
+
+ var escaper = /\\|'|\r|\n|\u2028|\u2029/g;
+
+ var escapeChar = function(match) {
+ return '\\' + escapes[match];
+ };
+
+ // JavaScript micro-templating, similar to John Resig's implementation.
+ // Underscore templating handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves whitespace,
+ // and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code.
+ // NB: `oldSettings` only exists for backwards compatibility.
+ _.template = function(text, settings, oldSettings) {
+ if (!settings && oldSettings) settings = oldSettings;
+ settings = _.defaults({}, settings, _.templateSettings);
+
+ // Combine delimiters into one regular expression via alternation.
+ var matcher = RegExp([
+ (settings.escape || noMatch).source,
+ (settings.interpolate || noMatch).source,
+ (settings.evaluate || noMatch).source
+ ].join('|') + '|$', 'g');
+
+ // Compile the template source, escaping string literals appropriately.
+ var index = 0;
+ var source = "__p+='";
+ text.replace(matcher, function(match, escape, interpolate, evaluate, offset) {
+ source += text.slice(index, offset).replace(escaper, escapeChar);
+ index = offset + match.length;
+
+ if (escape) {
+ source += "'+\n((__t=(" + escape + "))==null?'':_.escape(__t))+\n'";
+ } else if (interpolate) {
+ source += "'+\n((__t=(" + interpolate + "))==null?'':__t)+\n'";
+ } else if (evaluate) {
+ source += "';\n" + evaluate + "\n__p+='";
+ }
+
+ // Adobe VMs need the match returned to produce the correct offest.
+ return match;
+ });
+ source += "';\n";
+
+ // If a variable is not specified, place data values in local scope.
+ if (!settings.variable) source = 'with(obj||{}){\n' + source + '}\n';
+
+ source = "var __t,__p='',__j=Array.prototype.join," +
+ "print=function(){__p+=__j.call(arguments,'');};\n" +
+ source + 'return __p;\n';
+
+ try {
+ var render = new Function(settings.variable || 'obj', '_', source);
+ } catch (e) {
+ e.source = source;
+ throw e;
+ }
+
+ var template = function(data) {
+ return render.call(this, data, _);
+ };
+
+ // Provide the compiled source as a convenience for precompilation.
+ var argument = settings.variable || 'obj';
+ template.source = 'function(' + argument + '){\n' + source + '}';
+
+ return template;
+ };
+
+ // Add a "chain" function. Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object.
+ _.chain = function(obj) {
+ var instance = _(obj);
+ instance._chain = true;
+ return instance;
+ };
+
+ // OOP
+ // ---------------
+ // If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that
+ // can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the
+ // underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained.
+
+ // Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results.
+ var result = function(instance, obj) {
+ return instance._chain ? _(obj).chain() : obj;
+ };
+
+ // Add your own custom functions to the Underscore object.
+ _.mixin = function(obj) {
+ _.each(_.functions(obj), function(name) {
+ var func = _[name] = obj[name];
+ _.prototype[name] = function() {
+ var args = [this._wrapped];
+ push.apply(args, arguments);
+ return result(this, func.apply(_, args));
+ };
+ });
+ };
+
+ // Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object.
+ _.mixin(_);
+
+ // Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.
+ _.each(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function(name) {
+ var method = ArrayProto[name];
+ _.prototype[name] = function() {
+ var obj = this._wrapped;
+ method.apply(obj, arguments);
+ if ((name === 'shift' || name === 'splice') && obj.length === 0) delete obj[0];
+ return result(this, obj);
+ };
+ });
+
+ // Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.
+ _.each(['concat', 'join', 'slice'], function(name) {
+ var method = ArrayProto[name];
+ _.prototype[name] = function() {
+ return result(this, method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments));
+ };
+ });
+
+ // Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object.
+ _.prototype.value = function() {
+ return this._wrapped;
+ };
+
+ // Provide unwrapping proxy for some methods used in engine operations
+ // such as arithmetic and JSON stringification.
+ _.prototype.valueOf = _.prototype.toJSON = _.prototype.value;
+
+ _.prototype.toString = function() {
+ return '' + this._wrapped;
+ };
+
+ // AMD registration happens at the end for compatibility with AMD loaders
+ // that may not enforce next-turn semantics on modules. Even though general
+ // practice for AMD registration is to be anonymous, underscore registers
+ // as a named module because, like jQuery, it is a base library that is
+ // popular enough to be bundled in a third party lib, but not be part of
+ // an AMD load request. Those cases could generate an error when an
+ // anonymous define() is called outside of a loader request.
+ if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
+ define('underscore', [], function() {
+ return _;
+ });
+ }
+}.call(this));
+
+},{}],26:[function(require,module,exports){
+arguments[4][19][0].apply(exports,arguments)
+},{"dup":19}],27:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = function isBuffer(arg) {
+ return arg && typeof arg === 'object'
+ && typeof arg.copy === 'function'
+ && typeof arg.fill === 'function'
+ && typeof arg.readUInt8 === 'function';
+}
+},{}],28:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process,global){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+var formatRegExp = /%[sdj%]/g;
+exports.format = function(f) {
+ if (!isString(f)) {
+ var objects = [];
+ for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+ objects.push(inspect(arguments[i]));
+ }
+ return objects.join(' ');
+ }
+
+ var i = 1;
+ var args = arguments;
+ var len = args.length;
+ var str = String(f).replace(formatRegExp, function(x) {
+ if (x === '%%') return '%';
+ if (i >= len) return x;
+ switch (x) {
+ case '%s': return String(args[i++]);
+ case '%d': return Number(args[i++]);
+ case '%j':
+ try {
+ return JSON.stringify(args[i++]);
+ } catch (_) {
+ return '[Circular]';
+ }
+ default:
+ return x;
+ }
+ });
+ for (var x = args[i]; i < len; x = args[++i]) {
+ if (isNull(x) || !isObject(x)) {
+ str += ' ' + x;
+ } else {
+ str += ' ' + inspect(x);
+ }
+ }
+ return str;
+};
+
+
+// Mark that a method should not be used.
+// Returns a modified function which warns once by default.
+// If --no-deprecation is set, then it is a no-op.
+exports.deprecate = function(fn, msg) {
+ // Allow for deprecating things in the process of starting up.
+ if (isUndefined(global.process)) {
+ return function() {
+ return exports.deprecate(fn, msg).apply(this, arguments);
+ };
+ }
+
+ if (process.noDeprecation === true) {
+ return fn;
+ }
+
+ var warned = false;
+ function deprecated() {
+ if (!warned) {
+ if (process.throwDeprecation) {
+ throw new Error(msg);
+ } else if (process.traceDeprecation) {
+ console.trace(msg);
+ } else {
+ console.error(msg);
+ }
+ warned = true;
+ }
+ return fn.apply(this, arguments);
+ }
+
+ return deprecated;
+};
+
+
+var debugs = {};
+var debugEnviron;
+exports.debuglog = function(set) {
+ if (isUndefined(debugEnviron))
+ debugEnviron = process.env.NODE_DEBUG || '';
+ set = set.toUpperCase();
+ if (!debugs[set]) {
+ if (new RegExp('\\b' + set + '\\b', 'i').test(debugEnviron)) {
+ var pid = process.pid;
+ debugs[set] = function() {
+ var msg = exports.format.apply(exports, arguments);
+ console.error('%s %d: %s', set, pid, msg);
+ };
+ } else {
+ debugs[set] = function() {};
+ }
+ }
+ return debugs[set];
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Echos the value of a value. Trys to print the value out
+ * in the best way possible given the different types.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} obj The object to print out.
+ * @param {Object} opts Optional options object that alters the output.
+ */
+/* legacy: obj, showHidden, depth, colors*/
+function inspect(obj, opts) {
+ // default options
+ var ctx = {
+ seen: [],
+ stylize: stylizeNoColor
+ };
+ // legacy...
+ if (arguments.length >= 3) ctx.depth = arguments[2];
+ if (arguments.length >= 4) ctx.colors = arguments[3];
+ if (isBoolean(opts)) {
+ // legacy...
+ ctx.showHidden = opts;
+ } else if (opts) {
+ // got an "options" object
+ exports._extend(ctx, opts);
+ }
+ // set default options
+ if (isUndefined(ctx.showHidden)) ctx.showHidden = false;
+ if (isUndefined(ctx.depth)) ctx.depth = 2;
+ if (isUndefined(ctx.colors)) ctx.colors = false;
+ if (isUndefined(ctx.customInspect)) ctx.customInspect = true;
+ if (ctx.colors) ctx.stylize = stylizeWithColor;
+ return formatValue(ctx, obj, ctx.depth);
+}
+exports.inspect = inspect;
+
+
+// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#graphics
+inspect.colors = {
+ 'bold' : [1, 22],
+ 'italic' : [3, 23],
+ 'underline' : [4, 24],
+ 'inverse' : [7, 27],
+ 'white' : [37, 39],
+ 'grey' : [90, 39],
+ 'black' : [30, 39],
+ 'blue' : [34, 39],
+ 'cyan' : [36, 39],
+ 'green' : [32, 39],
+ 'magenta' : [35, 39],
+ 'red' : [31, 39],
+ 'yellow' : [33, 39]
+};
+
+// Don't use 'blue' not visible on cmd.exe
+inspect.styles = {
+ 'special': 'cyan',
+ 'number': 'yellow',
+ 'boolean': 'yellow',
+ 'undefined': 'grey',
+ 'null': 'bold',
+ 'string': 'green',
+ 'date': 'magenta',
+ // "name": intentionally not styling
+ 'regexp': 'red'
+};
+
+
+function stylizeWithColor(str, styleType) {
+ var style = inspect.styles[styleType];
+
+ if (style) {
+ return '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][0] + 'm' + str +
+ '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][1] + 'm';
+ } else {
+ return str;
+ }
+}
+
+
+function stylizeNoColor(str, styleType) {
+ return str;
+}
+
+
+function arrayToHash(array) {
+ var hash = {};
+
+ array.forEach(function(val, idx) {
+ hash[val] = true;
+ });
+
+ return hash;
+}
+
+
+function formatValue(ctx, value, recurseTimes) {
+ // Provide a hook for user-specified inspect functions.
+ // Check that value is an object with an inspect function on it
+ if (ctx.customInspect &&
+ value &&
+ isFunction(value.inspect) &&
+ // Filter out the util module, it's inspect function is special
+ value.inspect !== exports.inspect &&
+ // Also filter out any prototype objects using the circular check.
+ !(value.constructor && value.constructor.prototype === value)) {
+ var ret = value.inspect(recurseTimes, ctx);
+ if (!isString(ret)) {
+ ret = formatValue(ctx, ret, recurseTimes);
+ }
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ // Primitive types cannot have properties
+ var primitive = formatPrimitive(ctx, value);
+ if (primitive) {
+ return primitive;
+ }
+
+ // Look up the keys of the object.
+ var keys = Object.keys(value);
+ var visibleKeys = arrayToHash(keys);
+
+ if (ctx.showHidden) {
+ keys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(value);
+ }
+
+ // IE doesn't make error fields non-enumerable
+ // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/dww52sbt(v=vs.94).aspx
+ if (isError(value)
+ && (keys.indexOf('message') >= 0 || keys.indexOf('description') >= 0)) {
+ return formatError(value);
+ }
+
+ // Some type of object without properties can be shortcutted.
+ if (keys.length === 0) {
+ if (isFunction(value)) {
+ var name = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
+ return ctx.stylize('[Function' + name + ']', 'special');
+ }
+ if (isRegExp(value)) {
+ return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+ }
+ if (isDate(value)) {
+ return ctx.stylize(Date.prototype.toString.call(value), 'date');
+ }
+ if (isError(value)) {
+ return formatError(value);
+ }
+ }
+
+ var base = '', array = false, braces = ['{', '}'];
+
+ // Make Array say that they are Array
+ if (isArray(value)) {
+ array = true;
+ braces = ['[', ']'];
+ }
+
+ // Make functions say that they are functions
+ if (isFunction(value)) {
+ var n = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
+ base = ' [Function' + n + ']';
+ }
+
+ // Make RegExps say that they are RegExps
+ if (isRegExp(value)) {
+ base = ' ' + RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value);
+ }
+
+ // Make dates with properties first say the date
+ if (isDate(value)) {
+ base = ' ' + Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value);
+ }
+
+ // Make error with message first say the error
+ if (isError(value)) {
+ base = ' ' + formatError(value);
+ }
+
+ if (keys.length === 0 && (!array || value.length == 0)) {
+ return braces[0] + base + braces[1];
+ }
+
+ if (recurseTimes < 0) {
+ if (isRegExp(value)) {
+ return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+ } else {
+ return ctx.stylize('[Object]', 'special');
+ }
+ }
+
+ ctx.seen.push(value);
+
+ var output;
+ if (array) {
+ output = formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys);
+ } else {
+ output = keys.map(function(key) {
+ return formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array);
+ });
+ }
+
+ ctx.seen.pop();
+
+ return reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces);
+}
+
+
+function formatPrimitive(ctx, value) {
+ if (isUndefined(value))
+ return ctx.stylize('undefined', 'undefined');
+ if (isString(value)) {
+ var simple = '\'' + JSON.stringify(value).replace(/^"|"$/g, '')
+ .replace(/'/g, "\\'")
+ .replace(/\\"/g, '"') + '\'';
+ return ctx.stylize(simple, 'string');
+ }
+ if (isNumber(value))
+ return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'number');
+ if (isBoolean(value))
+ return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'boolean');
+ // For some reason typeof null is "object", so special case here.
+ if (isNull(value))
+ return ctx.stylize('null', 'null');
+}
+
+
+function formatError(value) {
+ return '[' + Error.prototype.toString.call(value) + ']';
+}
+
+
+function formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys) {
+ var output = [];
+ for (var i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; ++i) {
+ if (hasOwnProperty(value, String(i))) {
+ output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
+ String(i), true));
+ } else {
+ output.push('');
+ }
+ }
+ keys.forEach(function(key) {
+ if (!key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
+ output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
+ key, true));
+ }
+ });
+ return output;
+}
+
+
+function formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array) {
+ var name, str, desc;
+ desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(value, key) || { value: value[key] };
+ if (desc.get) {
+ if (desc.set) {
+ str = ctx.stylize('[Getter/Setter]', 'special');
+ } else {
+ str = ctx.stylize('[Getter]', 'special');
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (desc.set) {
+ str = ctx.stylize('[Setter]', 'special');
+ }
+ }
+ if (!hasOwnProperty(visibleKeys, key)) {
+ name = '[' + key + ']';
+ }
+ if (!str) {
+ if (ctx.seen.indexOf(desc.value) < 0) {
+ if (isNull(recurseTimes)) {
+ str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, null);
+ } else {
+ str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, recurseTimes - 1);
+ }
+ if (str.indexOf('\n') > -1) {
+ if (array) {
+ str = str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
+ return ' ' + line;
+ }).join('\n').substr(2);
+ } else {
+ str = '\n' + str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
+ return ' ' + line;
+ }).join('\n');
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ str = ctx.stylize('[Circular]', 'special');
+ }
+ }
+ if (isUndefined(name)) {
+ if (array && key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
+ return str;
+ }
+ name = JSON.stringify('' + key);
+ if (name.match(/^"([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)"$/)) {
+ name = name.substr(1, name.length - 2);
+ name = ctx.stylize(name, 'name');
+ } else {
+ name = name.replace(/'/g, "\\'")
+ .replace(/\\"/g, '"')
+ .replace(/(^"|"$)/g, "'");
+ name = ctx.stylize(name, 'string');
+ }
+ }
+
+ return name + ': ' + str;
+}
+
+
+function reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces) {
+ var numLinesEst = 0;
+ var length = output.reduce(function(prev, cur) {
+ numLinesEst++;
+ if (cur.indexOf('\n') >= 0) numLinesEst++;
+ return prev + cur.replace(/\u001b\[\d\d?m/g, '').length + 1;
+ }, 0);
+
+ if (length > 60) {
+ return braces[0] +
+ (base === '' ? '' : base + '\n ') +
+ ' ' +
+ output.join(',\n ') +
+ ' ' +
+ braces[1];
+ }
+
+ return braces[0] + base + ' ' + output.join(', ') + ' ' + braces[1];
+}
+
+
+// NOTE: These type checking functions intentionally don't use `instanceof`
+// because it is fragile and can be easily faked with `Object.create()`.
+function isArray(ar) {
+ return Array.isArray(ar);
+}
+exports.isArray = isArray;
+
+function isBoolean(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'boolean';
+}
+exports.isBoolean = isBoolean;
+
+function isNull(arg) {
+ return arg === null;
+}
+exports.isNull = isNull;
+
+function isNullOrUndefined(arg) {
+ return arg == null;
+}
+exports.isNullOrUndefined = isNullOrUndefined;
+
+function isNumber(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'number';
+}
+exports.isNumber = isNumber;
+
+function isString(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'string';
+}
+exports.isString = isString;
+
+function isSymbol(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'symbol';
+}
+exports.isSymbol = isSymbol;
+
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+ return arg === void 0;
+}
+exports.isUndefined = isUndefined;
+
+function isRegExp(re) {
+ return isObject(re) && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
+}
+exports.isRegExp = isRegExp;
+
+function isObject(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+exports.isObject = isObject;
+
+function isDate(d) {
+ return isObject(d) && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
+}
+exports.isDate = isDate;
+
+function isError(e) {
+ return isObject(e) &&
+ (objectToString(e) === '[object Error]' || e instanceof Error);
+}
+exports.isError = isError;
+
+function isFunction(arg) {
+ return typeof arg === 'function';
+}
+exports.isFunction = isFunction;
+
+function isPrimitive(arg) {
+ return arg === null ||
+ typeof arg === 'boolean' ||
+ typeof arg === 'number' ||
+ typeof arg === 'string' ||
+ typeof arg === 'symbol' || // ES6 symbol
+ typeof arg === 'undefined';
+}
+exports.isPrimitive = isPrimitive;
+
+exports.isBuffer = require('./support/isBuffer');
+
+function objectToString(o) {
+ return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
+}
+
+
+function pad(n) {
+ return n < 10 ? '0' + n.toString(10) : n.toString(10);
+}
+
+
+var months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep',
+ 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'];
+
+// 26 Feb 16:19:34
+function timestamp() {
+ var d = new Date();
+ var time = [pad(d.getHours()),
+ pad(d.getMinutes()),
+ pad(d.getSeconds())].join(':');
+ return [d.getDate(), months[d.getMonth()], time].join(' ');
+}
+
+
+// log is just a thin wrapper to console.log that prepends a timestamp
+exports.log = function() {
+ console.log('%s - %s', timestamp(), exports.format.apply(exports, arguments));
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Inherit the prototype methods from one constructor into another.
+ *
+ * The Function.prototype.inherits from lang.js rewritten as a standalone
+ * function (not on Function.prototype). NOTE: If this file is to be loaded
+ * during bootstrapping this function needs to be rewritten using some native
+ * functions as prototype setup using normal JavaScript does not work as
+ * expected during bootstrapping (see mirror.js in r114903).
+ *
+ * @param {function} ctor Constructor function which needs to inherit the
+ * prototype.
+ * @param {function} superCtor Constructor function to inherit prototype from.
+ */
+exports.inherits = require('inherits');
+
+exports._extend = function(origin, add) {
+ // Don't do anything if add isn't an object
+ if (!add || !isObject(add)) return origin;
+
+ var keys = Object.keys(add);
+ var i = keys.length;
+ while (i--) {
+ origin[keys[i]] = add[keys[i]];
+ }
+ return origin;
+};
+
+function hasOwnProperty(obj, prop) {
+ return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop);
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'),typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
+},{"./support/isBuffer":27,"_process":24,"inherits":26}],29:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Returns a wrapper function that returns a wrapped callback
+// The wrapper function should do some stuff, and return a
+// presumably different callback function.
+// This makes sure that own properties are retained, so that
+// decorations and such are not lost along the way.
+module.exports = wrappy
+function wrappy (fn, cb) {
+ if (fn && cb) return wrappy(fn)(cb)
+
+ if (typeof fn !== 'function')
+ throw new TypeError('need wrapper function')
+
+ Object.keys(fn).forEach(function (k) {
+ wrapper[k] = fn[k]
+ })
+
+ return wrapper
+
+ function wrapper() {
+ var args = new Array(arguments.length)
+ for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+ args[i] = arguments[i]
+ }
+ var ret = fn.apply(this, args)
+ var cb = args[args.length-1]
+ if (typeof ret === 'function' && ret !== cb) {
+ Object.keys(cb).forEach(function (k) {
+ ret[k] = cb[k]
+ })
+ }
+ return ret
+ }
+}
+
+},{}]},{},[7])(7)
+});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/workers/search.f2da59ea.min.js b/assets/javascripts/workers/search.f2da59ea.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b53ca596b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/workers/search.f2da59ea.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
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diff --git a/assets/stylesheets/palette.da3f46a0.min.css b/assets/stylesheets/palette.da3f46a0.min.css
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.md-button--primary{background-color:var(--md-typeset-a-color);border-color:var(--md-typeset-a-color);color:#fff}[data-md-color-primary=black] .md-header{background-color:#000}@media screen and (max-width:59.9375em){[data-md-color-primary=black] .md-nav__source{background-color:#000000de}}@media screen and (min-width:60em){[data-md-color-primary=black] .md-search__form{background-color:#ffffff1f}[data-md-color-primary=black] .md-search__form:hover{background-color:#ffffff4d}}@media screen and (max-width:76.1875em){html [data-md-color-primary=black] .md-nav--primary .md-nav__title[for=__drawer]{background-color:#000}}@media screen and (min-width:76.25em){[data-md-color-primary=black] .md-tabs{background-color:#000}}
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diff --git a/blog/2023/07/28/the-problem-with-ai-trolley-dilemma/index.html b/blog/2023/07/28/the-problem-with-ai-trolley-dilemma/index.html
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+ The problem with AI Trolley dilemma - Awesome GameDev Resources
The premise about the AI trolley dilemma is invalid. So the whole discussion about who should the car kill in a fatal situation. Let me explain why.
Yesterday I attended a conference about Ethics and AI, and the speaker mentioned the trolley dilemma. The question asked was "What should the self-driving car do?" and kind of forced us to take sides on the matter.
Kill the passengers;
Kill the pedestrians;
This is the same as the trolley problem but one difference. AI don't have morals, it will follow what is programmed without any hesitation. So the question is not what the AI should do, but what the programmer codes it to do.
Well, the whole premise on asking what should do "kill this, or that" is totally wrong. As a programmer myself, and knowing the limits of the system, I would never code a system to make such a decision. If the car is in a situation that it cannot break in time with the current limited vision, it should go slower. So no decision ever has to be made.
Let's do some math for you to see how this could be easily solved.
Let's use the standard formula for the distance needed to stop a car.
\[S = v*t + \frac{v^2}{2*u*g}\]
Where:
\(S\) is the distance needed to stop;
\(v\) is the speed of the car;
\(t\) is the reaction time;
\(v*t\) is the distance traveled during the reaction time;
\(u\) is the tire friction factor;
\(g\) is the gravity acceleration;
\(\frac{v^2}{2*u*g}\) is the distance traveled during the breaking time;
If the car is going at \(100 km/h\) (\(27.7 m/s\), \(62.14 mi/h\)) and the reaction time of the AI is relatively fast, let's say \(0.2 s\), so the distance traveled to a complete sage stop would be:
Which means that the car would need \(44.04 m\) to stop. So if the car cannot clearly see a distance greater than that, it should slow down. And this is the reason the self-driving AIs are said to be slow drivers.
Comments
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diff --git a/blog/2023/08/09/lets-talk-about-virtual-reality/index.html b/blog/2023/08/09/lets-talk-about-virtual-reality/index.html
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+ Let's talk about Virtual Reality - Awesome GameDev Resources
The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.
As you can see the history of VR is quite long and full of interesting surprising developments, but it is only in the last 10 years that it has become a reality for the general audience.
Before we go any further, let's disambiguate some terms that are often used interchangeably. Nowadays we have a spectrum of immersive technologies that goes from the real world to the virtual world.
Virtual Reality (VR) is the most pervasive and ambiguous term. It is sometimes used as an umbrella for all immersive technologies, but it is more commonly used to refer to the process of simulating a virtual world that is completely isolated the user from the real world. This is usually done by using a Head Mounted Display (HMD) that blocks the user's view of the real world and replaces it with a simulation in front of the user's eyes; and headphones to replace the real sounds with virtual. The user can also use controllers to interact in it.
This term gained lots of attention with the modern VR boom that started in 2010 with the Oculus Kickstarter campaign followed by its acquisition by Facebook in 2014. After that, many other companies started to develop their own VR products, such as the HTC Vive, the Playstation VR, and the Samsung Gear VR.
Augmented Reality is another ambiguous term, but its meaning is more settled. It refers to the process of adding computer generated elements to the real world. It can be done by using a Head Mounted Display (HMD) that allows the user to see the real world and the virtual elements at the same time such as Google Glass or the Microsoft Hololens. It can also be done by using a smartphone or tablet that uses the camera to capture the real world and then adds virtual elements to it. This is the case of the Snapchat filters and the popular game Pokemon Go launched in 2016.
This term usually is not misused and more specifically refers to the process of adding real world elements to a virtual world. It can appears in many forms, for example, the use of a treadmill to simulate walking in the virtual world or the use of a camera to capture the user's face and add it to the virtual world. Stereocameras or depth sensors are also used to capture the user's hands and add them to the virtual world as well.
Most of the time Augmented Virtuality (AV) is seen as an enhancement to the already existing immersive experience. It can be used to add another level of realism to the virtual world, to make the user feel more immersed in it, reduce nausea, or discomfort by adding real world anchors to the virtual world.
In order to make immersive gadgets a reality, we need to overcome some challenges. The most important ones are:
Motion Sickness: the feeling of nausea and discomfort caused by the mismatch between the user's movements and the virtual world. It is mostly caused by:
Latency: the time it takes for the system to react to the user's actions. The system needs to process the inputs, accelerometers, gyroscopes, and other sensors, and then render the new image to the user. This process takes time and if it is too long the user will feel unresponsiveness and will get sick;
Field of View: the area that the user can see at any given time doesnt match the area that the user can see in the real world;
Resolution: the number of pixels that the user can see at any given time. Ex. The Oculus Rift DK1 had a resolution of 640x800 per eye that was zoomed to cover the user's entire field of view, and on top of that, the spacing between pixels makes the image looks like a grid of squared dots; you can see why it received so many complaints;
Tracking: the ability of the system to track the user's movements properly. The sensors usually do not refresh at the same rate as the display, so the system needs to interpolate the user's movements between the sensor readings. This can cause the user to feel like the virtual world is lagging behind the real world and be out of sync with the user's movements;
Comfort: the feeling of comfort that the user has while using the system. If the device needs to be worn for a long period of time, right weight distribution, padding, and ventilation are important to make the user feel comfortable;
Cost: the cost of the system. The machinery and technology used to create the system can be very expensive to be accessible to the general audience;
Portability: the ability of the system to be used in different places. If the system is too heavy or too big it will be hard to carry;
Social Acceptance: the acceptance of the system by the society. If the system is too intrusive or too weird it will be hard to use in public places. It could be seen as a threat to privacy or as a threat to the user's safety;
Battery Life: the amount of time that the system can be used without being plugged in. If the system needs to be plugged in all the time it will be hard to use in public places;
Software Development Kits: the tools that developers use to create applications for the system. If the SDK is too hard to use or too limited it will be hard to create applications for the system;
I will add to this list a personal experience that I don't see many people talking about: bad smell, oily foams, and connectors corrosion. The root of those problems is the proximity with the user's face. The user's face is a very oily place and the foam that is used to make the device comfortable is an exceptional place for bacteria to grow. The connectors are also exposed to the user's sweat and can corrode over time and brick your device.
There are virtually infinite applications for immersive technologies, but I will focus on the ones that I think are the most important ones in my opinion:
Entertainment: Games in general, but also movies, etc.;
Data Visualization: the ability to visualize data in a 3D space can be very useful to understand complex data;
In my past, I have created a startup to help surgeons plan their surgeries and ported it to VR - DocDo. I created some small scoped projects to psychological treatment via progressive exposition, some for data visualization and others for education. I am not in position to have a strong opinion about the future of VR, but I can share my thoughts about it.
At the beginning of the metaverse boom, I was very skeptical about it, and I am still. I felt it was a just a new interpretation of a product previously tested on Second Life and proved to be a niche product, focused in being fun, but forcing the use of device with many issues. Another problem was the lack of a real application besides the fun factor.
As a developer, I am in love with Apple's new Vision OS emulator and SDK. It is surprisingly easy to use, filled with useful functions, although it is buggy and crashes randomly in beta channel that I am using now. I think it is an exceptional example of how to create a nice SDK for a new platform. I am not sure if it will be a success, but I am sure that it will empower many developers to create new or port existing applications to their platform. They have created a simply way to bring a desktop experience to a VR gadget that just work. You can "easily" port your app to it and it will work. It is portable, easy to code, powerful hardware, nice battery life, and a nice SDK. I think it is a nice recipe for success. My only concern is related to the cost and social acceptance.
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diff --git a/blog/2023/08/24/notes-on-submissions/index.html b/blog/2023/08/24/notes-on-submissions/index.html
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+ Notes on Submissions - Awesome GameDev Resources
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
"During our classes, we may use AI writing tools such as ChatGPT in certain specific cases. You will be informed as to when, where, and how these tools are permitted to be used, along with guidance for attribution. Any use outside of these specific cases constitutes a violation of Academic Honesty Policy." Source.
The learner has to produce original content. You can use tools like ChatGPT to help you learn by prompting your own questions, but not to solve the problems, assignments, or quizzes.
The rationale is that the student has to learn the concepts and ideas rather than just copying and pasting the answers.
On writing, coding assignments, or interactive assignments, you can ask AI questions about concepts, ideas, syntaxes, etc;
You can ask AI assistants what is wrong with your code, but you cannot use the answer 1 to 1 copy to your final submission. You have to modify it;
If your submission contains part of an AI-assisted tool, you have to cite it. Ex.: "I prompted ____ in ChatGPT, and the answer was ____." and as a professor, I will deduct points from your submission with fairness instead of giving you zero points;
If you submit an assignment late, you will receive a flat 20% deduction on your grade.
If you have accommodations, message me, and I will try accommodating you. But always send a message on every submission stating that. Canvas is a nice tool, but it needs to cover accommodations better.
If you fall under special conditions, such as sickness, death of a relative, or any other condition that you cannot submit the assignment on time, please send me a message through Canvas, and I will try to accommodate you.
I am here to teach you the best I can and guide you through your learning process. You can count on me as a friend and a teacher, and I will help you as much as possible. I am willing to make exceptions for the ones that need it.
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diff --git a/blog/2023/08/30/ferpa-consent/index.html b/blog/2023/08/30/ferpa-consent/index.html
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+ FERPA Consent - Awesome GameDev Resources
FERPA (The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) is a federal law protecting the confidentiality of student records. It restricts others from accessing or discussing your educational records without your consent. Here we are going to discuss how it applies to the courses I teach and what are the benefits on sharing your work publicly if you want.
In a typical class, your homework (and other information delineating your academic performance) would not be visible to the public. Indeed, the FERPA law requires that you have the right to privacy in this regard. This is one of the main reasons for the existence of so many "walled gardens" for courseware, such as Autolab, Blackboard, CanvasLMS and Piazza, which keep all student work hidden behind passwords.
An essential component of the educational experience in new media arts, however, is learning how to participate in the "Grand Conversation" all around us, by becoming more effective culture operators. We cannot do this in the safe space of a Canvas module. Our work is strengthened and sharpened in the forge of public scrutiny: in this case, the agora of the Internet.
Sometimes students are afraid to publish something because it is of poor quality. They think that they will receive embarrassing, negative critiques. In fact, negative critique is quite rare. The most common thing that happens when one creates an artwork of poor quality, is that it is simply ignored. Being ignored - this, not being shunned or derided - this is the fate of mediocre work.
On the other hand, if something is truly great is published - and great projects can happen, and have happened, even in an introductory class like this one - there is the chance that it may be circulated widely on the Internet. Every year that I have taught, a handful of the students' projects get blogged and receive as many as 50000 views in a week. It cannot be emphasized that this can be an absolutely transformative experience for students, that cannot be obtained without taking the risk to work publicly. Students get jobs and build careers on the basis of such success.
That said, there are also plenty of reasons why you may wish to work anonymously, when you work online. Perhaps you are concerned about stalkers or harassment. Perhaps you wish to address themes in your work which might not meet with the approval of your parents or future employers. These are valid considerations, in which case, we advise using an anonymous identity on Github. On our course repository, your work will be indexed by a public-facing name, generally your first name. If you would prefer something else, please inform the professor.
FERPA (The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) is a federal law protecting the confidentiality of student records. It restricts others from accessing or discussing your educational records without your consent. Here we are going to discuss how it applies to the courses I teach and what are the benefits on sharing your work publicly if you want.
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
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diff --git a/blog/category/ai/index.html b/blog/category/ai/index.html
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ AI - Awesome GameDev Resources
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.
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diff --git a/blog/category/augmented-virtuality/index.html b/blog/category/augmented-virtuality/index.html
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index 000000000..30c3e2828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/augmented-virtuality/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Augmented Virtuality - Awesome GameDev Resources
The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.
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diff --git a/blog/category/canvas/index.html b/blog/category/canvas/index.html
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/canvas/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Canvas - Awesome GameDev Resources
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
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diff --git a/blog/category/chatgpt/index.html b/blog/category/chatgpt/index.html
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index 000000000..9f178f06d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/chatgpt/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ ChatGPT - Awesome GameDev Resources
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
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diff --git a/blog/category/ferpa/index.html b/blog/category/ferpa/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2dbb7c448
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/ferpa/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ FERPA - Awesome GameDev Resources
FERPA (The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) is a federal law protecting the confidentiality of student records. It restricts others from accessing or discussing your educational records without your consent. Here we are going to discuss how it applies to the courses I teach and what are the benefits on sharing your work publicly if you want.
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/blog/category/mixed-reality/index.html b/blog/category/mixed-reality/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9f8f1f1bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/mixed-reality/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Mixed Reality - Awesome GameDev Resources
The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/blog/category/moss/index.html b/blog/category/moss/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b5d4e2ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/moss/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Moss - Awesome GameDev Resources
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
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diff --git a/blog/category/philosophy/index.html b/blog/category/philosophy/index.html
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index 000000000..b5b27efe0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/philosophy/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Philosophy - Awesome GameDev Resources
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/blog/category/privacy/index.html b/blog/category/privacy/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2cad7434a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/privacy/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Privacy - Awesome GameDev Resources
FERPA (The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) is a federal law protecting the confidentiality of student records. It restricts others from accessing or discussing your educational records without your consent. Here we are going to discuss how it applies to the courses I teach and what are the benefits on sharing your work publicly if you want.
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/blog/category/turnitin/index.html b/blog/category/turnitin/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..170a12947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/turnitin/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Turnitin - Awesome GameDev Resources
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/blog/category/virtual-reality/index.html b/blog/category/virtual-reality/index.html
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index 000000000..15dad1975
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/category/virtual-reality/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Virtual Reality - Awesome GameDev Resources
The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.
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diff --git a/blog/index.html b/blog/index.html
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Blog - Awesome GameDev Resources
FERPA (The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) is a federal law protecting the confidentiality of student records. It restricts others from accessing or discussing your educational records without your consent. Here we are going to discuss how it applies to the courses I teach and what are the benefits on sharing your work publicly if you want.
Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.
The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.
Before we start, let's recapitulate what we have learned in the previous course. Use the links below to refresh your memory. Or go straigth to the Introduction to Programming Course.
The code above defines a type named as Enemy. This type has members(fields) named health, score with different types, and x, y and z with the same type.
The memory usage of a struct is defined roughly by the sum of the memory usage of its members. Assuming the default sizing of common data types in C++, in the example above, the struct will use 8 bytes for the double, 3 times 4 bytes for the floats and 4 bytes for the int. The total memory usage for the struct will be 20 bytes.
The memory usage of a struct is not always exactly the sum of the memory usage of its members. The compiler may add padding bytes between the members of a struct to align the data in memory. This is done to improve the performance of the program. If you are programming in a multi-platform, cross-platform or even using different compilers, the size of the struct may vary even if it is the same.
The struct above stores a total of 8 bytes of data, but the compiler allocates more. It will add 3 padding bytes between the int and the last char to align the data with biggest field in the struct. In this case, the total memory usage of the struct will be 12 bytes instead of the expected 8.
structInneficientMemoryLayoutExample
+{
+chara;// 1 byte
+// compiler will add 3 padding bytes here
+intb;// 4 bytes
+charc;// 1 byte
+chard;// 1 bytes
+chare;// 1 byte
+// compiler will add 1 padding byte here
+};// total of 12 bytes allocated for this layout
+
You might think C++ compilers are smart and reorder the fields for us, but in order to maintain compatibility to C, the standard forbids it. So if you want to pack more data you will have to reorder the layout manually to something like this:
structEfficientMemoryLayoutExample
+{
+intb;// 4 bytes
+chara;// 1 byte
+charc;// 1 byte
+chard;// 1 bytes
+chare;// 1 byte
+};// total of 8 bytes allocated for this layout
+
Alternatively you can use the #pragma pack directive to tell the compiler to pack the data in memory without padding bytes. But be aware that it will force the compiler to do more memory operations to get the data, thus it will slow your software. Besides that, pragma pack may not work in all compilers.
#pragma pack(push, 1) // push current alignment to stack and set alignment to 1 byte boundary
+structEfficientMemoryLayoutExample
+{
+chara;// 1 byte
+intb;// 4 bytes
+charc;// 1 byte
+chard;// 1 bytes
+chare;// 1 byte
+};
+#pragma pack(pop)
+
If you really want to specify the layout location for each field and want to be sure that in will work on every compiler/platform, you will have to specify the number of bits each field will be able to use. This is called bitfields. But if you follow this path, you will have to be aware of the endianness of the platform you are working on.
Another nice application of bitfields is when you do not want to use the full range of a data type. For example, if you want to store a number between 0 and 7, as in a chess game or other board games, you can use a char and waste 5 bits or you can use a bitfield and use only 3 bits.
structBitfieldExample
+{
+charrow:3;// 3 bits
+charcolumn:3;// 3 bits
+unsignedintstate:2;// 2 bit. will store 0, 1, 2 or 3
+};// total of 1 byte allocated for this layout
+
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diff --git a/courses/advanced/CMakeLists.txt b/courses/advanced/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..632aa2fb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/advanced/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+subdirlist(advcpp_chapters ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
+
+foreach(subdir ${advcpp_chapters})
+ if(EXISTS "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${subdir}/CMakeLists.txt")
+ add_subdirectory(${subdir})
+ endif()
+endforeach()
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diff --git a/courses/advanced/index.html b/courses/advanced/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..43220fa52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/advanced/index.html
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+ Advanced Programming - Awesome GameDev Resources
This course builds on the content from Introduction to Programming. Students study the Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Paradigm with topics such as objects, classes, encapsulation, abstraction, modularity, inheritance, and polymorphism. Students examine and use structures such as arrays, structs, classes, and linked lists to model complex information. Pointers and dynamic memory allocation are covered, as well as principles such as overloading and overriding. Students work to solve problems by selecting implementation options from competing alternatives.
Warning
This is a work in progress, and the schedule is subject to change. Every change will be communicated in class. Use the github repo as the source of truth for the schedule and materials. The materials provided in canvas are just a copy for archiving purposes and might be outdated.
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/00-introduction/index.html b/courses/artificialintelligence/00-introduction/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ab4325bc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/00-introduction/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+ Introduction to AI - Awesome GameDev Resources
Topics relating to an AI Fighting game - Mostly Agents, State Machines and latency simulation (reflex)
Tactical AI - Linear programming, Restriction and Satisfiability problem
Neuron networks / Machine learning - This can be real hard to cover all topics in this class
Genetic algorithms and Reinforced learning - Find the best parameters for agent behaviors
Chess AI - In a broader sense it is a table game, and it is mostly heuristics and state exploration, chess is awesome to learn optimization techniques to reduce memory usage, space exploration, branch and cut, minmax, planning and satisfaction
Prediction algorithms for multiplayer - We can cover some techniques to extrapolate data to compensate lag instead of just mathematically extrapolate position, this is mostly an application of agent theory.
Stable diffusion/chatbot - This is a hot topic, I didn't went too deep on that, but I can help you at least surf this wave to create fun stuff for games, such as dialog creation.
Procedural audio generation - Most of them use convolutional networks mixed with recurrent neuron network. It can be real hard, so if we cover that, we are just goint to understand the overall idea, and learn how to use pre-determined models available for free.
Behavior trees - I have to be honest this is a topic that I don't like, but it is a good tool to have in your toolbox, so I can cover it.
ChatGPT and its siblings to generate text - I can cover at least how to modify small scoped model and use for your own intent.
Stable Diffusion and its siblings to generate images - I can cover at least how to modify small scoped model and use for your own intent.
AI subsystems and how to debug it.
Spatial quantization optimized for AI queries - I really enjoy this, but it can be hard to understand, because it uses lots of data structures
Note for myself: game worldbox
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/01-pcg/index.html b/courses/artificialintelligence/01-pcg/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..11e5dbdcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/01-pcg/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+ Procedural Content Generation - Awesome GameDev Resources
One of the more emergent fields in AI for games is Procedural Content Generation - PCG. It is a technique to algorithmically generate game content and assets, such as levels, textures, sound, enemies, quests, and more. The goal of PCG is to create unique and varied content without the need for manual labor. This can save time and money during development, and also allow for a more dynamic and replayable experience for the player. There are many different algorithms and techniques used in PCG, such as random generation, evolutionary algorithms, and rule-based systems.
Level generation. Instead of manually designing each level, a PCG algorithm can be used to generate a new level every time the player starts a new game or enters a new area. This allows for a large number of unique levels without the need for a designer to create each one individually.
Enemies and NPCs. Instead of manually designing each character, a PCG algorithm can be used to randomly generate the appearance, abilities, and behavior of enemies. This can create a more diverse and unpredictable gameplay experience for the player.
PCG can also be used in other areas of game development such as textures, terrain, narrative, quests, and sound effects. With PCG, the possibilities are endless.
It's important to note that PCG is not a replacement for human creativity, but rather a tool that can help create new and unique content. It is often used in conjunction with manual design and artistic direction.
Procedural scenario generation is a specific application of procedural content generation that is used to create unique and varied scenarios or missions in a game. These scenarios can include objectives, enemies, and environmental elements such as terrain and buildings.
One popular technique is rule-based systems, where a set of predefined rules are used to generate new scenarios. For example, a rule could be that the player must navigate through a forest to reach a specific location, and another rule could be that the player must defeat a certain number of enemies along the way. These rules can be combined in different ways to create a wide variety of scenarios.
Another technique used in procedural scenario generation is the use of random generation. In this approach, elements of the scenario such as objectives, enemies, and terrain are randomly generated. This can create a large number of unique scenarios, but the quality of the scenarios may be more inconsistent.
Procedural scenario generation can be used in various types of games, including first-person shooters, open-world games, and strategy games. It allows for a more dynamic and replayable experience for the player, as well as saving development time and costs.
Procedural terrain generation is a technique used in game development to algorithmically generate realistic and diverse terrain. This can include features such as mountains, valleys, rivers, and forests. The goal of procedural terrain generation is to create unique and varied terrain without the need for manual labor.
One common technique used in procedural terrain generation is fractal noise, which uses mathematical algorithms to generate random patterns that resemble natural terrain. These patterns can be combined and layered to create more complex terrain features. Another technique used in procedural terrain generation is erosion simulation, which simulates the effects of erosion and weathering on the terrain to create more realistic landscapes.
You can either use your favorite game engine or use this repository as an entry point. 1. Use a noise function to generate a heightmap. Optional: Use octaves and fractals to make it feels nicer; 2. Implement islands reference or any other meaningful way to make hydraulically erosion apparent; 3. Implement Hydraulic Erosion to make the scenario feels more realistic. See the section 'HYDRAULIC EROSION' from book AI for Games Third ed. IanMillington; 4. Render the heightmap with biomes colors to make more understandable(ocean, sand, forest, mountains, snow...). Optionally use gradient / ramp functions instead of conditionals.
Procedural content generation is a broad topic, and we need to narrow down some applications and algorithms to cover. I carefully covered Maze generation and Scenario Generation here https://github.com/InfiniBrains/mobagen and I invite you to check the examples named maze and scenario. Besides that, Amit Patel have a really nice website focused in many game algorithms, check it out and support his work https://www.redblobgames.com/
Please refer to the book below. We are going to follow the contents mostly from it.
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/02-sm/index.html b/courses/artificialintelligence/02-sm/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64c5e59f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/02-sm/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+ State machines - Awesome GameDev Resources
Some raw thoughts: - Probably a game of life is a good game to implement to showcase automata, state machines and decision making
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/03-boardgames/index.html b/courses/artificialintelligence/03-boardgames/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e6697f71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/03-boardgames/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+ Board Games - Awesome GameDev Resources
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/catchthecat/index.html b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/catchthecat/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dd7fe2058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/catchthecat/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+ Catch the Cat - Awesome GameDev Resources
Catch the Cat
Estimated time to read: 1 minute
Comments
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/CMakeLists.txt b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1fc559692
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+add_executable(flocking flocking.cpp)
+
+file(GLOB TEST_INPUT_FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/*.in)
+file(GLOB TEST_OUTPUT_FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/*.out)
+
+add_custom_test(flocking-test ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/flocking "${TEST_INPUT_FILES}" "${TEST_OUTPUT_FILES}")
+
diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/alignment.gif b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/alignment.gif
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/cohesion.gif b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/cohesion.gif
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/flocking.cpp b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/flocking.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be270e021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/flocking.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include
+
+int main(){
+
+}
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/index.html b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e0ce3cb9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/flocking/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+ Flocking - Awesome GameDev Resources
You are in charge of implementing some functions to make some AI agents flock together in a game. After finishing it, you will be one step further to render it in a game engine, and start making reactive NPCs and enemies. You will learn all the basic concepts needed to code and customize your own AI behaviors.
Flocking is a behavior that is observed in birds, fish and other animals that move in groups. It is a very simple behavior that can be implemented with a few lines of code. The idea is that each agent will try to move towards the center of mass of the group (cohesion), and will try to align its velocity with the average velocity of the group (AKA alignment). In addition, each agent will try to avoid collisions with other agents (AKA avoidance).
Formal Notation Review
\( \vec{F} \) means a vector \( F \) that has components. In a 2 dimensional vector it will hold \( F_x \) and \( F_y \). For example, if \( F_x = 1 \) and \( F_y = 3 \), then \( \vec{F} = (1,3) \)
Simple math operations between vectors are done component-wise. For example, if \( \vec{F} = (1,1) \) and \( \vec{G} = (2,2) \), then \( \vec{F} + \vec{G} = (3,3) \)
The notation \( \overrightarrow{P_{1}P_{2}} \) means the vector that goes from \( P_1 \) to \( P_2 \). It is the same as \( P_2-P_1 \)
The modulus notation means the length (magnitude) of the vector. \( |\vec{F}| = \sqrt{F_x^2+F_y^2} \) For example, if \( \vec{F} = (1,1) \), then \( |\vec{F}| = \sqrt{2} \)
The hat ^ notation means the normalized vector(magnitude is 1) of the vector. \( \hat{F} = \frac{\vec{F}}{|\vec{F}|} \) For example, if \( \vec{F} = (1,1) \), then \( \hat{F} = (\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}},\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}) \)
The hat notation over 2 points means the normalized vector that goes from the first point to the second point. \( \widehat{P_1P_2} = \frac{\overrightarrow{P_1P_2}}{|\overrightarrow{P_1P_2}|} \) For example, if \( P_1 = (0,0) \) and \( P_2 = (1,1) \), then \( \widehat{P_1P_2} = (\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}},\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}) \)
The sum \( \sum \) notation means the sum of all elements in the list going from 0 to n-1. Ex. \( \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} \vec{V_i} = \vec{V_0} + \vec{V_1} + \vec{V_2} + ... + \vec{V_{n-1}} \)
It is your job to implement those 3 behaviors following the ruleset below:
Apply a force towards the center of mass of the group.
The \( n \) neighbors of an agent are all the other agents that are within a certain radius \( r_c \)( < operation ) of the agent. It doesn't include the agent itself;
Compute the location of the center of mass of the group (\( P_{CM} \));
Compute the force that will move the agent towards the center of mass(\( \overrightarrow{F_c} \)); The farther the agent is from the center of mass, the force increases linearly up to the limit of the cohesion radius \( r_c \).
Note that the maximum magnitude of \( \overrightarrow{F_c} \) is 1. Inclusive. This value can be multiplied by a constant \( K_c \) to increase or decrease the cohesion force to looks more appealing.
It will move the agent away from other agents when they get too close.
The \( n \) neighbors of an agent are all the other agents that are within the separation radius \( r_s \) of the agent;
If the distance to a neighbor is less than the separation radius, then the agent will move away from it inversely proportionally to the distance between them.
Accumulate the forces that will move the agent away from each neighbor (\( \overrightarrow{F_{s}} \)). And then, clamp the force to a maximum value of \( F_{Smax} \).
Here you can see that if we have more than one neighbor and one of them is way too close, the force will be very high and make the influence of the other neighbors irrelevant. This is the expected behavior.
The force will go near infinite when the distance between the agent and the \( n \) neighbor is 0. To avoid this, after accumulating all the influences from every neighbor, the force will be clamped to a maximum magnitude of \( F_{Smax} \).
The force composition is made by a weighted sum of the influences of those 3 behaviors. This is the way we are going to work, this is not the only way to do it, nor the more correct. It is just a way to do it.
\( \vec{F} = K_c \cdot \overrightarrow{F_c} + K_s \cdot \overrightarrow{F_s} + K_a \cdot \overrightarrow{F_a} \)This is a weighted sum!
\( \overrightarrow{V_{new}} = \overrightarrow{V_{cur}} + \vec{F} \cdot \Delta t \)This is a simplification!
\( P_{new} = P_{cur}+\overrightarrow{V_{new}} \cdot \Delta t \)This is an approximation!
Warning
A more precise way for representing the new position would be to use full equations of motion. But given timestep is usually very small and it even squared, it is acceptable to ignore it. But here they are anyway, just dont use them in this assignment:
\( \overrightarrow{V_{new}} = \overrightarrow{V_{cur}}+\frac{\overrightarrow{F}}{m} \cdot \Delta t \)
\( \overrightarrow{F} \) is the force applied to the agent;
\( \overrightarrow{V} \) is the velocity of the agent;
\( P \) is the position of the agent;
\( m \) is the mass of the agent, here it is always 1;
\( \Delta t \) is the time frame (1/FPS);
\( cur \) is the current value of the variable;
\( new \) is the new value of the variable to be used in the next frame.
The \( \overrightarrow{V_{new}} \) and \( P_{new} \) are the ones that will be used in the next frame and you will have to print to the console at the end of every single frame.
Note
For simplicity, we are going to assume that the mass of all agents is 1.
In a real game simulation, it would be nice to apply some friction to the velocity of the agent to make it stop eventually or just clamp it to prevent the velocity get too high. But, for simplicity, we are going to ignore it.
The input consists in a list of parameters followed by a list of agents. The parameters are:
\( r_c \) - Cohesion radius
\( r_s \) - Separation radius
\( F_{Smax} \) - Maximum separation force
\( r_a \) - Alignment radius
\( K_c \) - Cohesion constant
\( K_s \) - Separation constant
\( K_a \) - Alignment constant
\( N \) - Number of agents
Every agent is represented by 4 values in the same line, separated by a space:
\( x \) - X coordinate
\( y \) - Y coordinate
\( vx \) - X velocity
\( vy \) - Y velocity
After reading the agent's data, the program should read the time frame (\( \Delta t \)), simulate the agents and then output the new position of the agents in the same sequence and format it was read. The program should keep reading the time frame and simulating the agents until the end of the input.
Data Types
All values are double precision floating point numbers to improve consistency between different languages.
The expected output is the position and velocity for each agent after the simulation step using the time frame. After printing each simulation step, the program should wait for the next time frame and then simulate the next step. All values should have exactly 3 decimal places and should be rounded to the nearest.
Algorithm: Beecrowd - This is an automatic grading system, and I am still creating assignments for it. I will try my best to make it work through it. If it does not work, you could just submit the code on canvas and I will grade it manually. Those should solved using C++;
Interactive: For the interactive assignments you can choose whatever Game Engine you like, but I recommend you to use the framework I created for you: MoBaGEn. If you use a Game Engine or custom solution for that, you will have to create all debug interfaces to showcase and debug AI wich includes, but it is not limited to:
Draw vectors to show forces applied by the AI;
Menus to change AI parameters;
Danger
Under no circunstaces, you should make your algorithm solutions public. Be aware that I spend so much time creating them and it is hard to me to always create new assignments.
If you are a enrolled in a class that uses this material, you SHOULD use the institutional and internal git server to be FERPA compliant. If you want to use part of this assignments to build your portfolio I recommend you to use github and make only the interactive assignment public. If you are just worried about privacy concerns, you can use a private repo on github.
Create an account on github.com or any git hosting on your preference;
Fork repos or duplicate the target repo on your account;
If you want to make it count as part of your portfolio, fork the repo follow this;
If you want to keep it private or be FERPA compliant, duplicate the repo following this;
Add my user to your repo to it with read role. My userid is tolstenko on github, for other options, talk with me in class. Follow this;
Send me a message on canvas with the link to your repo;
In all interactive assignmets, you will have to record a 5 minute video explaing your code. Use OBS or any software you prefer to record your screen while you explain your code. But for this one, just send me the video showing the repo and the repo invites sent to me.
Comments
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/life/CMakeLists.txt b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/life/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0fa289b85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/life/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+add_executable(ai-life life.cpp)
+
+file(GLOB TEST_INPUT_FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/*.in)
+file(GLOB TEST_OUTPUT_FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/*.out)
+
+add_custom_test(ai-life-test ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/ai-life "${TEST_INPUT_FILES}" "${TEST_OUTPUT_FILES}")
+
diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/life/glider.gif b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/life/glider.gif
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diff --git a/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/life/index.html b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/life/index.html
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+++ b/courses/artificialintelligence/assignments/life/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+ Game of Life - Awesome GameDev Resources
You are are applying for a internship position at Valvule Corp and they want to test your abilities to manage states. You were tasked to code the Conway's Game of Life.
The game consists in a C x L matrix of cells (Columns and Lines), where each cell can be either alive or dead. The game is played in turns, where each turn the state of the cells are updated according to the following rules:
Any live cell with fewer than two live neighbours dies, as if by underpopulation.
Any live cell with two or three live neighbours lives on to the next generation.
Any live cell with more than three live neighbours dies, as if by overpopulation.
Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbours becomes a live cell, as if by reproduction.
The map is continuous on every direction, so the cells on the edges have the cells on the opposite edge as neighbors. It is effectively a toroidal surface.
The first line of the input are three numbers, C, L and T, the number of columns, lines and turns, respectively. The next L lines are the initial state of the cells, where each line has C characters, either . for dead cells or # for alive cells.
You are in charge of implementing a new maze generator for a procedurally generated game. The game is a 2D top-down game, where every level is composed by squared rooms blocked by walls. The rooms are generated by a maze generator, and the walls can be removed to create paths.
There are many ways to implement a maze generation and one of the most common is the Depth First Search algorithm combined with a Random Walk. The algorithm is simple and can be implemented in a recursive or interactive way. The suggested algorithm is as follows:
All walls are up;
Add the top left cell to the stack;
While the stack is not empty:
If the stack top cell has visitable neighbor(s):
Mark the top cell as visited;
List visitable neighbors;
Choose a neighbor (see below);
Remove the wall between the cell and the neighbor;
Add the neighbor to the stack;
Else:
Remove the top cell from the stack, backtracking;
Simulation
If you simulate the algorithm visually, the result would be something similar to the following
In order to be consistent with all languages and random functions the pseudo random number generation should follow the following sequence of 100 numbers:
Every call to the random function should return the current number the index is pointing to, and then increment the index. If the index is greater than 99, it should be reset to 0.
In order to give consistency on how to decide the direction of the next cell, the following procedure should be followed:
List all visitable neighbors of the current cell;
Sort the list of visitable neighbors by clockwise order, starting from the top neighbor: UP, RIGHT, DOWN, LEFT;
If there is one visitable, do not call random, just return the first neighbor found;
If there are two or more visitable neighbors, call random and return the neighbor at the index of the random number modulo the number of visitable neighbors. vec[i]%visitableCount
The input is a single line with three 32 bits unsigned integer numbers, C, L and I, where C and L are the number of columns and lines of the maze, respectively, and I is the index of the first random number to be used> I can varies from 0 to 99.
2 2 0
+
In this case, our map will have 2 columns, 2 lines and the first random number to be used is the first one, 72 because it is pointed by the index 0.
Every line is a combination of underscore _, pipe | and empty characters. The _ character represents a horizontal wall and the | character represents a vertical wall.
The initial state of the 2 x 2 map is:
_ _
+|_|_|
+|_|_|
+
In order to interactively solve this, we will add (0,0) to the queue.
The neighbors of the current top (0,0) are RIGHT and DOWN, (0,1) and (1,0) respectively.
Following the clockwise order, the sorted neighbor list will be [(0,1), (1,0)].
We have more than one neighbor, so we call random. The current random index is 0, so the random number is 72 and we increment the index.
The random number is 72 and the number of neighbors is 2, so the index of the neighbor to be chosen is 72 % 2 = 0, so we choose the neighbor (0,1), the RIGHT one.
The wall between (0,0) and (0,1) is removed, and (0,1) is added to the queue. Now it holds [(0,0), (0,1)]. The map is now:
_ _
+|_ _|
+|_|_|
+
Now the only neighbor of (0,1) is DOWN, (1,1). So no need to call random, we just choose the only neighbor.
The wall between (0,1) and (1,1) is removed, and (1,1) is added to the queue. Now it holds [(0,0), (0,1), (1,1)]. The map is now:
_ _
+|_ |
+|_|_|
+
Now the only neighbor of (1,1) is LEFT, (1,0). So no need to call random, we just choose the only neighbor.
The wall between (1,1) and (1,0) is removed, and (1,0) is added to the queue. Now it holds [(0,0), (0,1), (1,1), (1,0)]. The map is now:
_ _
+|_ |
+|_ _|
+
Now, the current top of the queue is (1,0) and there isn't any neighbor to be visited, so we remove the current top (1,0) from the queue and backtrack. The queue is now [(0,0), (0,1), (1,1)].
The current top is (1,1) and there isn't any neighbor to be visited, so we remove (1,1) from the queue and backtrack. The queue is now [(0,0), (0,1)].
The current top is (0,1) and there isn't any neighbor to be visited, so we remove (0,1) from the queue and backtrack. The queue is now [(0,0)].
The current top is (0,0) and there isn't any neighbor to be visited, so we remove (0,0) from the queue and backtrack. The queue is now empty and we finish priting the map state. The final map is:
_ _
+|_ |
+|_ _|
+
And this the only one that should be printed. No intermediary maps should be printed.
You are a game developer in charge to create a fast an reliable random number generator for a procedural content generation system. The requirements are:
Do not rely on external libraries;
Dont need to be cryptographically secure;
Be blazing fast;
Fully reproducible via automated tests if used the same seed;
Use exactly 32 bits as seed;
Be able to generate a number between a given range, both inclusive.
So you remembered a strange professor talking about the xorshift algorithm and decided it is good enough for your use case. and with some small research you found a the Marsaglia "Xorshift RNGs". You decided to implement it and test it.
The xorshift is a family of pseudo random number generators created by George Marsaglia. The xorshift is a very simple algorithm that is very fast and have a good statistical quality. It is a very good choice for games and simulations.
xorshift is the process of shifting a number and then xor'ing it to the original value to create a new value.
value = value xor (value shift by number)
The shift operators can be to the left << or to the right >>. When shifted to the left, it is the same thing as multiplying by 2 at the power of the number. When shifted to the right, it is the same thing as dividing.
The xorshift algorithm from Marsaglia is a combination of 3 xorshifts:
xorshift the seed by 13 bits to the left;
xorshift the seed by 17 bits to the right;
xorshift the seed by 5 bits to the left;
At the end of this 3 xorshifts, the current state of the seed is your current random number.
In order to clamp a random number the value between two numbers (max and min), you should follow this idea:
Receives the seed S, the number N of random numbers to be generated and the range R1 and R2 of the numbers should be in, there is no guarantee the range numbers are in order. The range numbers are both inclusive. S and N are both 32 bits unsigned integers and R1 and R2 are both 32 bits signed integers.
This is a work in progress, and the schedule is subject to change. Every change will be communicated in class. Use the github repo as the source of truth for the schedule and materials. The materials provided in canvas are just a copy for archiving purposes and might be outdated.
Space quantization is a way to sample continuous space, and it can to be used in in many fields, such as Artificial Intelligence, Physics, Rendering, and more. Here we are going to focus primarily Spatial Quantization for AI, because it is the base for pathfinding, line of sight, field of view, and many other techniques.
Some of the most common techniques for space quantization are: grids, voxels, graphs, quadtrees, octrees, KD-trees, BSP, Spatial Hashing and more. Another notable techniques are line of sight(or field of view), map flooding, caching, and movement zones.
Grids are the most common technique for space quantization. It is a very simple technique, but it is very powerful. It consists in dividing the space in a grid of cells, and then we can use the cell coordinates to represent the space. The most common grid is the square grid, but we can use hexagonal and triangular grids, you might find some irregular shapes useful to exploit the space conformation better.
The square grid is a regular grid, where the cells are squares. It is very simple to implement and understand.
There are some ways to store data for squared grids. Arguably you could 2D arrays, arrays of arrays or vector of vectors, but depending on the way you implement it, it can hurt the performance. Example: if you use an array of arrays or vector of vectors, where every entry from de outer array is a pointer to the inner array, you will have a lot of cache misses, because the inner arrays are not contiguous in memory.
So in order do increase data locality for squared grids, you can use a single array, and then use the following formula to calculate the index of the cell. We call this strategy matrix flattening.
intarrray[width*height];// 1D array with the total size of the grid
+intindex=x+y*width;// index of the cell at x,y
+
There is a catch here, given we usually represent points as X and Y coordinates, we need to be careful with the order of the coordinates. While you are iterating over all the matrix, you need to iterate over the Y coordinate first, and then the X coordinate. This is because the Y coordinate is the one that changes the most, so it is better to have it in the inner loop. By doing that, you will have better cache locality and effectively the index will be sequential.
for(inty=0;y<height;y++){
+for(intx=0;x<width;x++){
+intindex=x+y*width;
+// do something with the cell at index
+}
+}
+
If your world is based on floats, you can use the square by using the floor function or just cast to integer type, because the default behavior of casting from float to integer is to floor it. Example: In the case of a quantization resolution of size of 1.0f, everything between 0 and 1 will be in the cell (0,0), everything between 1 and 2 will be in the cell (1,0), and so on.
Hexagonal grid is an extension of a square grid, but the cells are hexagons. It feels nicer to human eyes because we have more equally distant neighbors. If used as subtract for pathfinding, it can be more efficient because the path can be more straight.
It can be implemented as single dimension array, but you need to be careful with shift that happens in different odd or even indexes. You can use the following formula to calculate the index of the cell. In this world quantization can be in 4 conformations, depending on the rotation of the hexagon and the alignment of the first cell.
Point pointy top hexagon with first line aligned to the left:
/ \ / \ / \
+ | A | B | C |
+ \ / \ / \ / \
+ | D | E | F |
+ / \ / \ / \ /
+ | G | H | I |
+ \ / \ / \ /
+
Point pointy top hexagon with first line aligned to the right
/ \ / \ / \
+ | A | B | C |
+ / \ / \ / \ /
+ | D | E | F |
+ \ / \ / \ / \
+ | G | H | I |
+ \ / \ / \ /
+
Flat top hexagon with first column aligned to the top:
Quantization and dequantization of hexagonal grids¶
For simplicity, we are going to use the first conformation, where the first line is aligned to the left, and the hexagons are pointy top. The quantization is done by using the following formula.
// I am assuming that the hexagon is pointy top, and the first line is aligned to the left
+// I am also assuming that the hexagon is centered in the cell, and the top left corner is at (0,0),
+// y axis is pointing down and x axis is pointing right
+// this dont work for all the cases, but it is a good approximation for locations near the center of the hexagon
+/*
+ / \ / \ / \
+ | A | B | C |
+ \ / \ / \ / \
+ | D | E | F |
+ / \ / \ / \ /
+ | G | H | I |
+ \ / \ / \ /
+ */
+Vector2intquantize(Vector2fposition,floathexagonSide){
+inty=(position.y-hexagonSide)/(hexagonSide*2);
+intx=y%2==0?
+(position.x-hexagonSide*sqrt3over2)/(hexagonSide*sqrt3over2*2):// even lines
+(position.x-hexagonSide*sqrt3over2*2)/(hexagonSide*sqrt3over2*2)// odd lines
+returnVector2int(x,y);
+}
+Vector2fdequantize(Vector2intindex,floathexagonSide){
+returnVector2f(index.y%2==0?
+hexagonSide*sqrt3over2+index.x*hexagonSide*sqrt3over2*2:// even lines
+hexagonSide*sqrt3over2*2+index.x*hexagonSide*sqrt3over2*2,// odd lines
+hexagonSide+index.y*hexagonSide*2);
+}
+
You will have to figure out the formula for the other conformations. Or send a merge request to this repository adding more information.
Grids in 3D works the same way as in 2D, but you need to use 3D vectors/arrays or voxel volumes. Most concepts applies here. If you want to expand this section, send a merge request.
Quadtree is a tree data structure where each node has 4 children. It is used to partition a space in 2D. It is used to optimize collision detection, pathfinding, and other algorithms that need to iterate over a space. It is also used to optimize rendering, because you can render only the visible part of the space.
Quadtree is a recursive data structure, so you can implement it using a recursive data structure. The following code is a simple implementation of a quadtree.
// this code is not tested, but it should work. It is just an example and send a merge request if you find any errors.
+// node
+template<classT>
+structDataAtPosition{
+Vector2fcenter;
+Tdata;
+};
+
+template<classT>
+structQuadtreeNode{
+Rectangle2fbounds;
+std::vector<DataAtPosition<T>>data;
+std::vector<QuadtreeNode<T>>children;
+};
+
+// insert
+template<classT>
+voidinsert(QuadtreeNode<T>&root,DataAtPosition<T>data){
+if(root.children.empty()){
+root.data.push_back(data);
+if(root.data.size()>4){
+root.children.resize(4);
+for(inti=0;i<4;++i){
+root.children[i].bounds=root.bounds;
+}
+root.children[0].bounds.max.x=root.bounds.center().x;// top left
+root.children[0].bounds.max.y=root.bounds.center().y;// top left
+root.children[1].bounds.min.x=root.bounds.center().x;// top right
+root.children[1].bounds.max.y=root.bounds.center().y;// top right
+root.children[2].bounds.min.x=root.bounds.center().x;// bottom right
+root.children[2].bounds.min.y=root.bounds.center().y;// bottom right
+root.children[3].bounds.max.x=root.bounds.center().x;// bottom left
+root.children[3].bounds.min.y=root.bounds.center().y;// bottom left
+for(auto&data:root.data){
+insert(root,data);
+}
+root.data.clear();
+}
+}else{
+for(auto&child:root.children){
+if(child.bounds.contains(data.center)){
+insert(child,data);
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+
+// query
+template<classT>
+voidquery(QuadtreeNode<T>&root,Rectangle2fbounds,std::vector<DataAtPosition<T>>&result){
+if(root.bounds.intersects(bounds)){
+for(auto&data:root.data){
+if(bounds.contains(data.center)){
+result.push_back(data);
+}
+}
+for(auto&child:root.children){
+query(child,bounds,result);
+}
+}
+}
+
The quadtree is a recursive data structure, so it is not cache friendly. You can optimize it by using a flat array instead of a recursive data structure.
KD-Trees are a tree data structure that are used to partition a spaces in any dimension (2D, 3D, 4D, etc). They are used to optimize collision detection(Physics), pathfinding(AI), and other algorithms that need to iterate over a space. Also they are also used to optimize rendering, because you can render only the visible part of the space. Pay attention that KD-Trees are not the same as Quadtree and Octrees, even if they are similar.
In KD-trees, every node defines an orthogonal partition plan that alternate every deepening level of the tree. The partition plan is defined by a dimension, a value. The dimension is the axis that is used to partition the space, and the value is the position of the partition plan. The partition plan is orthogonal to the axis, so it is a line in 2D, a plane in 3D, and a hyperplane in 4D.
BSP inherits almost all characteristics of KD-Trees, but it is not a tree data structure, it is a graph data structure. The main difference is to instead of being orthogonal you define the plane of the section. The plane is defined by a point and a normal. The normal is the direction of the plane, and the point is a point in the plane.
Spatial hashing is a data structure that is used to partition a space. It consists in a hash table where the keys are the positions of the elements, and the values are the elements in buckets. It is very fast to insert and query elements. But it is not good for iteration, because it is not cache friendly.
Usually when you want to use a spatial hashing, you create hash functions for the bucket keys, there is no limit on how you do that, but you have to keep in mind that the hash functions have to be fast and have to be good for the distribution of the elements. Here is a good example of a hashing function for 2D vectors.
namespacestd{
+template<>
+structhash<Vector2f>{
+// I am assuming size_t is 64 bits and the float is 32 bits
+size_toperator()(constVector2f&v)const{
+// get the bits of the float in a integer
+uint64_tx=*(uint64_t*)&v.x;
+uint64_ty=*(uint64_t*)&v.y;
+// mix the bits of the floats
+uint64_thash=x&(y<<32);
+returnhash;
+}
+};
+}
+
Pay attention that the hashing function above generates collisions, so you have to use a data structure that can handle collisions. You will use datastructures like unordered_map<Vector2D, unordered_set<DATATYPE>> or unordered_map<Vector2D, vector<DATATYPE>>. The first one is better for insertion and query, but it is not cache friendly.
To avoid having one bucket per every possible position, you have to setup properly the dimension of the bucket, a good sugestion is to alwoys floor the position and have buckets dimension of 1.0f. That would be good enough for most cases.
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+
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+ Data Structures - Awesome GameDev Resources
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+ Introduction to C++ - Awesome GameDev Resources
Reasons why you should learn how to program with C++¶
Estimated time to read: 26 minutes
Before we start, this repository aims to be practical, and I highly incentive you to look for other references. I want to add this another awesome repository it holds an awesome compilation of modern C++ concepts.
Another relevant reference for what we are going to cover is the updated core guidelines that explain why some syntax or style is bad and what you should be doing instead.
The first thing when you think of becoming a programmer is HOW DO I START? Well, C++ is one of the best programming languages to give you insights into how a computer works. Through the process of learning how to code C++, you will learn not only how to use this language as a tool to solve your problems, but the farther you go, the more you will start uncovering and exploring exciting computer concepts.
C++ gives you the simplicity of C and adds a lot of steroids. It delivers lots of quality-of-life stuff, increasing the developer experience. Let’s compare C with C++, shall we?
The iconic book "The C Programming Language" by Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie has only 263 pages. Pretty simple, huh?
The book "C++ How to Program" by Harvey and Paul Deitel It holds around 1000 pages, and the pages are way bigger than the other one.
So, don’t worry, you just need to learn the basics first, and all the rest are somehow advanced concepts. I will do my best to keep you focused on what is relevant to each moment of your learning journey.
A LOT. Period. C++ is one of the closest intelligible programming languages before reaching the level of machine code, as known as Assembly Language. If you code in machine code, you obviously will code precisely what you want the machine to do, but this task is too painful to be the de-facto standard of coding. So we need something more straightforward and more human-readable. So C++ lies in this exact area of being close to assembly language and still able to be "easily" understandable. Note the quotes, they are there because it might not be that easy when you compare its syntax to other languages, C++ has to obey some constraints to keep the generated binary fast as a mad horse while trying to be easier than assembly. Remember, it can always get worse.
The main philosophy that guides C++ is the "Zero-cost abstractions", and it is the main reason why C++ is so fast. It means that the language does not add any overhead to assembly. So, if someone proposes a new core feature as a Technical specification, it should pass through this filter. And it is a very high bar to pass. I am looking at you, ts reflection, everyone I know that want to make games, ask for this feature, but it is not there yet.
Mainly because we don’t want to waste time. Right? But it has more impactful consequences. Let’s think a bit more, you probably have a smartphone, and it lives only while it has enough energy on its battery. So, if you are a lazy mobile developer and do not want to learn how to do code efficiently, you will make your app drain more energy from the battery just by making the user wait for the task to be finished or by doing lots of unnecessary calculations! You will be the reason the user has not enough power to use their phones up to the end of the day. In fact, you will be punishing your user by using your app. You don’t want that, right? So let’s learn how to code appropriately. For the sake of the argument, worse than that, a lazy blockchain smart contract developer will make their users pay more for extra gas fee usage for the extra inefficient CPU cycles.
I don’t want to point fingers at languages, but, hey, excuse me, python, are you listening to me, python? Python? Please answer! reference cpp vs python. Nevermind. It is still trying to figure things out. Ah! Hey ruby, don’t be shy, I know you look gorgeous, and I admire you a lot, but can you dress up faster and be ready to run anytime soon?
You don’t need makeup to run fast. That’s the idea. If the language does lots of fancy stuff, it won’t be extracting the juicy power of the CPU.
So let’s first clarify some concepts for a fair comparison. Some languages do not generate binaries that run in your CPU. Some of them run on top of a virtual machine. The Virtual Machine(VM) is a piece of software that, in runtime, translates the bytecode or even compiles source code to something the CPU can understand. It’s like an old car; some of them will make you wait for the ignition or even get warm enough to run fast. I am looking at you Java and JavaScript. It is a funny concept, I admit, but you can see here that the ones that run on top of a translation device would never run as fast as a compiled binary ready to run on the CPU.
I don’t want to start a flame-war. Those numbers might be wrong, but the overall idea is correct. Assuming C++ does not add much overhead to your native binary, let’s set the speed to run as 1x. Java would be around 1.4x slower, and JavaScript is 1.6x, python 40x, and ruby 100x. The only good competitor in the house is Rust because its compiled code runs straight on the CPU efficiently with lots of quality-of-life additions. Rust gives almost similar results if you do not play around with memory-intensive problems. Another honorable mention is WASM - Web Assembly, although it is a bytecode for a virtual machine, many programming languages are able to target it(compile for it), it is becoming blazing fast and it is getting traction nowadays, keep tuned.
YOU! Yes, seriously, I don’t know you, but I am pretty sure you should know how to code in any language. C++ can be challenging, it is a fact, but if you dare to challenge yourself to learn it, your life will be somewhat better.
Let’s cut to the bullets:
The ones who seek to build efficient modules for mobile apps, such as the video/image processing unit;
Game developers. Even the gameplay developers that usually only script things should know how to ride a horse(CPU) fast;
Researchers looking to not waste time by coding inefficient code and wait hours, even days, to see the result of their calculations. They should reduce the costs of renting CPU clusters;
Computer scientists are those who should know how a computer works. After all, C++ is one of the preferred programming languages that unlocks all the power of the CPU;
Engineers, in general, should know how to simulate things efficiently;
The first thing is: the CPU does not understand any programming language, only binary instructions. So you have to convert your code into something the machine can understand. This is the job of the compiler. A compiler is a piece of software that reads a text file written following the rules of a programming language and essentially converts it into binary instructions that the CPU can execute. There are many strategies and many ways of doing it. So, given its nature of being near assembly, with C++, you will control precisely what instructions the CPU will run.
But, there is a catch here: for each CPU, you will need a compiler for that instruction set. Ex.: the compiler GCC can generate an executable program for ARM processors, and the generated program won’t work on x86 processors; In the same way, an x64 executable won’t work on an x86; you need to match the binary instructions generated by the compiler with the same instruction set available on the target CPU you want to run it. Some compilers can cross-compile: the compiler runs in your machine on your CPU with its instruction set, but the binary generated only runs on a target machine with its own instruction set.
Pseudocode is a way of expressing algorithms using a combination of natural language and programming constructs. It is not a programming language and cannot be compiled or executed, but it provides a clear and concise way to describe the steps of an algorithm. Here is an example of pseudocode that describes the process of finding the maximum value in a list of numbers:
set maxValue to 0
+for each number in the list of numbers
+ if number is greater than maxValue
+ set maxValue to number
+output maxValue
+
Pseudocode is often used as a planning tool for programmers and can help to clarify the logic of a program before it is written in a specific programming language. It can also be used to communicate algorithms to people who are not familiar with a particular programming language. Reference
A flowchart is a graphical representation of a process or system that shows the steps or events in a sequential order. It is a useful tool for demonstrating how a process works, identifying potential bottlenecks or inefficiencies in a process, and for communicating the steps involved in a process to others.
Flowcharts are typically composed of a series of boxes or shapes, connected by arrows, that represent the steps in a process. Each box or shape usually contains a brief description of the step or event it represents. The arrows show the flow or movement from one step to the next.
Flowcharts can be used in a variety of settings, including business, engineering, and software development. They are particularly useful for demonstrating how a process works, identifying potential issues or bottlenecks in the process, and for communicating the steps involved in a process to others.
There are many symbols and notations that can be used to create flowcharts, and different organizations and industries may have their own standards or conventions for using these symbols. Some common symbols and notations used in flowcharts include:
Start and end symbols: These are used to indicate the beginning and end of a process.
Process symbols: These are used to represent the various steps or events in a process.
Decision symbols: These are used to represent a decision point in a process, where the flow of the process depends on the outcome of a decision.
Connector symbols: These are used to connect the various symbols in a flowchart, showing the flow or movement from one step to the next.
Annotation symbols: These are used to add additional information or notes to a flowchart.
By using a combination of these symbols and notations, you can create a clear and concise flowchart that effectively communicates the steps involved in a process or system. Reference
I suggest using the tool Code2Flow to write pseudocode and see the flowchart drawn in real time. But you can draw them on Diagrams. If you are into sequence diagrams, I suggest using sequencediagram.org.
Try to think ahead the problem definition by questioning yourself before expressing the algorithm as pseudocode or flowchart: - What are the inputs? - What is a valid input? - How to compute the math? - What is the output? - How many decimals is needed to express the result?
Use diagrams to draw a flowchart or use Code2Flow to write a working pseudocode to: 1. Compute the weighted average of two numbers. The first number has weight of 1 and the second has weight of 3; 2. Area of a circle; 3. Compute GPA; 4. Factorial number;
It is expected for you to know superficially these terms and concepts. Research about them. It is not strictly required, because we are going to cover them in class.
If you have problems here, start a discussion this is publicly visible and not FERPA compliant. Use discussions in Canvas if you are enrolled in a class with me.
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diff --git a/courses/intro/02-tooling/CMakeLists.txt b/courses/intro/02-tooling/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d0172570
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/02-tooling/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+add_executable(02-hello hello.cpp)
+add_executable(02-extremelyBasic extremelyBasic.cpp)
+
+if(WIN32)
+ add_custom_target(
+ 02-extremelyBasic-Test
+ COMMAND 02-extremelyBasic < ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/extremelyBasic.test.01.in > yourOutput.out
+ COMMAND fc yourOutput.out ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/extremelyBasic.test.01.out
+ DEPENDS 02-extremelyBasic
+ )
+else()
+ add_custom_target(
+ 02-extremelyBasic-Test
+ COMMAND 02-extremelyBasic < ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/extremelyBasic.test.01.in > yourOutput.out
+ COMMAND diff yourOutput.out ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/extremelyBasic.test.01.out
+ DEPENDS 02-extremelyBasic
+ )
+endif()
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diff --git a/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.cpp b/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9116d5048
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include
+// https://www.beecrowd.com.br/judge/en/problems/view/1001
+int main(){
+
+}
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diff --git a/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.test.01.in b/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.test.01.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..73053d3f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.test.01.in
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+10
+9
diff --git a/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.test.01.out b/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.test.01.out
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3c4b6b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/02-tooling/extremelyBasic.test.01.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+X = 19
diff --git a/courses/intro/02-tooling/hello.cpp b/courses/intro/02-tooling/hello.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..16de8aef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/02-tooling/hello.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include
+// https://www.beecrowd.com.br/judge/en/problems/view/1000
+int main(){
+
+}
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index 000000000..59b3e6472
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/02-tooling/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+ Setup - Awesome GameDev Resources
This list is a mix of standard tools and personal choice. It is a good starting point, but in the future you will be impacted by other options, just keep your mind open to new choices.
Every programing language use different set of tools in order to effectively code. In C++ you will need to learn how to use a bunch of them to solve problems and develop software.
Version control are tools that help you to keep track of your code changes. It is a must have tool for any developer. You can keep track the state of your code, and if you mess up something, you can go back to a previous state. It is also a great tool to collaborate with other developers. You can work on the same codebase without messing up each other work.
Git is a version control system that is used to track changes to files, including source code, documents, and other types of files. It allows multiple people to work on the same files concurrently, and it keeps track of all changes made to the files, making it easy to go back to previous versions or merge changes made by different people. Git is widely used by developers for managing source code, but it can be used to track changes to any type of file. It is particularly useful for coordinating work on projects that involve multiple people, as it allows everyone to see and track changes made by others.
Github is a web-based platform for version control and collaboration on software projects. It is a popular platform for developers to share and collaborate on code, as well as to track and manage software development projects. GitHub provides version control using Git, a version control system that allows developers to track changes to their codebase and collaborate with other developers on the same codebase. It also includes a range of features such as bug tracking, project management, and team communication tools. In addition to being a platform for software development, GitHub is also a community of developers and a marketplace for buying and selling software development services.
In this course we are going to extensively use GITHUB functionalities. So create an account now with your personal account. Use a meaningful username. Avoid names that hard to associate with you. If you have a educational email or student id, apply for the Github Student Pack, so you will have access to lots of free tools.
It is nice to have git in your machine, but it is not required, because we are going to use gui via gui tools. See GitKraken below.
GitKraken is a Git client for Windows, Mac, and Linux that provides a graphical interface for working with Git repositories. It allows users to manage Git repositories, create and review changes to code, and collaborate with other developers. Some features of GitKraken include a visual representation of the repository's commit history, the ability to stage and discard changes, and support for popular version control systems like GitHub and GitLab. GitKraken is designed to be user-friendly and to make it easier for developers to work with Git, particularly for those who may be new to version control systems.
Gitkraken is a paid software, and it is free for public repositories, but you can have all enterprise and premium functionalities enabled for free with the student pack and described before.
Install Gitkraken. If you login into gitkraken using GitHub with student pack it will unlock all pro features.
A compiler is a type of computer program that translates source code into machine instructions that can be run or the CPU or interpreted in a Virtual Machine.
Source Code in C++, is associated to two different type of textual file extensions: .cpp for sources and .h for header files. It is what the developer writes.
Assembly is a human readable representation of the Machine Code. It is not the Machine Code itself, but it is a representation of it. It is a way to make the Machine Code human readable.
Machine Code is what the CPU can run and understand. It is a sequence of 0 and 1 that the CPU can understand and execute. It is not human readable.
Executable is the result of the compilation process. It is a file that can be executed by the Operating System.
Library is a collection of Machine Code that can be used by other programs.
Executable and Library Are binary file that contains the Machine Code instructions that the CPU can execute.
Note
In compiled languages, the end user only receives the executables and libraries. The source code is not distributed.
Here you can see briefly a small function to square a number in C++ compiled via GCC into a x86-64assembly. The left side is the Source Code and the right side is the code compiled into a human-readble Assembly. This code still needs links to the Operation System in order to be executed.
The knowledge of this section is not required for this course, but it is good to know.
Some languages such as Java, C# and others, compile the Source Code into bytecode that runs on top of an abstraction layer called Virtual Machine (VM). The VM is a software that runs on top of the Operating System and it is responsible to translate the bytecode into Machine Code that the CPU can understand. This is a way to make the Source Code portable across different Operating Systems and CPU architectures - cross-platform. But this abstraction layer has it cost and it is not as efficient as the Machine Code itself.
To speed up the execution, some VM can Just In Time (JIT) compile the bytecode into Machine Code at runtime when the VM detects parts of Source Code is running a lot(Hotspots), to speed up the execution. When this optmization step is happening, the machine is warming up.
The knowledge of this section is not required for this course, but it is good to know.
Some languages such as Python, Javascript and others, do not compile the Source Code, instead, they run on top a program called Interpreter that reads the Source Code and executes it line by line.
This where things get tricky, C++ compiles the code into a binary that runs directly on the processor and interacts with the operating system. So we can have multiple combinations here. Most compilers are cross-platform, but there is exceptions. And to worsen it, some Compilers are tightly coupled with some IDEs(see below, next item).
I personally prefer to use CLang to be my target because it is the one that is most reliable cross-platform compiler. Which means the code will work as expected in most of the scenarios, the feature support table is the same across all platforms. But GCC is the more bleeding edge, which means usually it is the first to support all new fancy features C++ introduces.
No need to download anything here. We are going to use the CLion IDE. See below topics.
CMake CMake is a cross-platform free and open-source software tool for managing the build process of software using a compiler-independent method. It is designed to support directory hierarchies and applications that depend on multiple libraries. It is used to control the software compilation process using simple platform and compiler independent configuration files, and generate native makefiles and workspaces that can be used in the compiler environment of your choice.
Note
If you use a good IDE(see next topic), you won't need to download anything here.
CMake is typically used in conjunction with native build environments such as Make, Ninja, or Visual Studio. It can also generate project files for IDEs such as Xcode and Visual Studio. You can see a full list of supported generators here.
Here is a simple example of a CMakeLists.txt file that can be used to build a program called "myproject" that consists of a single source file called "main.cpp":
# Set minimum version of CMake that can be used
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION3.10)
+# Set the project name
+project(myproject)
+# Add executable named "myproject" to be built from the source "main.cpp"
+add_executable(myprojectmain.cpp)
+
Warning
Every executable can only cave one main function. Each file with a main function describes a new executable program. If you want to have multiple executables in the same project, in other words, you want to manage multiple executables in the same place, you can change the cmake descriptor to match that as follows, and use your IDE to switch between them:
If you are using a nice IDE, you won't need to run this on the command line. So go to next topic.
If you want to build via command line this project, you would first generate a build directory, and then run CMake to build the files using the detected compiler or IDE:
cmake-S.-Bbuild
+cmake--buildbuild-j20
+
This will create a Makefile or a Visual Studio solution file in the build directory, depending on your platform and compiler. You can then use the native build tools to build the project by running "make" or opening the solution file in Visual Studio.
CMake provides many options and variables that can be used to customize the build process, such as setting compiler flags, specifying dependencies, and configuring installation targets. You can learn more about CMake by reading the documentation at https://cmake.org/.
An integrated development environment (IDE) is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development. An IDE typically integrates a source code editor, build automation tools, and a debugger. Some IDEs also include additional tools, such as a version control system, a class browser, and a support for literate programming. IDEs are designed to maximize programmer productivity by providing tight-knit components with similar user interfaces. This can be achieved through features such as auto-complete, syntax highlighting, and code refactoring. Many IDEs also provide a code debugger, which allows the programmer to step through code execution and find and fix errors. Some examples of popular IDEs include Eclipse, NetBeans, Visual Studio, and Xcode. Each of these IDEs has its own set of features and capabilities, and developers may choose one based on their specific needs and preferences.
In this course, it is strongly suggested to use an IDE in order to achieve higher quality of deliveries, a good IDE effectively flatten the C++ learning curve. You can opt out and use everything by hand, of course, and it will deepen your knowledge on how things work but be assured it can slow down your learning process. Given this course is result oriented, it is not recommended to not use an IDE here. So use one.
OPINION: The most pervasive C++ IDE is CLion and this the one I am going to use. If you use it too, it would be easier to follow my recorded videos. It works on all platforms Windows, Linux and Mac. I recommend downloading it via Jetbrains Toolbox. If you are a student, apply for student pack for free here. On Windows, CLion embeds a GCC compiler or optionally can use visual studio, while on Macs it requires the xcode command line tools, and on Linux, uses GCC from the system installation.
REPLIT - an online and real-time multiplayer IDE. It is slow and lack many functionalities, but can be used for small scoped activities or work with a friend.
VSCode - a small and highly modularized code editor, it have lots of extensions, but it can be complex to set up everything needed: git, cmake, compiler and other stuff.
Visual Studio - mostly for Windows. When installing, mark C++ development AND search and install additional tools "CMake". Otherwise, this repo won't work smoothly for you.
DevC++ - an outdated and small IDE. Lacks lots of functionalities, but if you don't have HD space or use an old machine, this can be your option. In long term, this choice would be bad for you for the lack of functionalities. It is better to use REPLIT than this tool, in my opinion.
XCode - for OSX and Apple devices. It is required at least to have the Command Line Tools. CLion on Macs depends on that.
Xcode Command Line Tools is a small suite of software development tools that are installed on your Mac along with Xcode. These tools include the GCC compiler, which is used to compile C and C++ programs, as well as other tools such as Make and GDB, which are used for debugging and development. The Xcode Command Line Tools are necessary for working with projects from the command line, as well as for using certain software development tools such as Homebrew.
To install the Xcode Command Line Tools, you need to have Xcode installed on your Mac. To check if Xcode is already installed, open a Terminal window and type:
xcode-select -p
If Xcode is already installed, this command will print the path to the Xcode developer directory. If Xcode is not installed, you will see a message saying "xcode-select: error: command line tools are not installed, use xcode-select --install to install."
To install the Xcode Command Line Tools, open a Terminal window and type:
xcode-select --install
This will open a window that prompts you to install the Xcode Command Line Tools. Follow the prompts to complete the installation.
Once the Xcode Command Line Tools are installed, you can use them from the command line by typing commands such as gcc, make, and gdb. You can also use them to install and manage software packages with tools like Homebrew.
Where g++ is the compiler frontend program to compile your C++ source code; inputFile.cpp is the filename you want to compile, you can pass multiple files here separated by spaces ex.: inputFile1.cpp inputFile2.cpp; -o means the next text will be the output program name where the executable will be built, (for windows, the name should end with .exe ex.: program.exe).
You will have a plethora of editors and IDEs. The one I can suggest is the VSCode, Code::Blocks or KDevelop. But I really prefer CLion.
When you create a new project, select New C++ Executable, set the C++ Standard to the newest one, C++20 is enough, and place in a folder location where you prefer.
CLion automatically generate 2 files for you. - CMakeLists.txt is the CMake multiplatform project descriptor, with that, you can share your project with colleagues that are using different platforms than you. - main.cpp is the entry point for your code.
It is not the moment to talk about multiple file projects, but if you want to get ready for it, you will have to edit the CMakeLists.txt file and add them in the add_executable function.
// this a single line comment and it is not compiled. comments are used to explain the code.
+// you can do single line comment by adding // in front of the line or
+// you can do multi line comments by wrapping your comment in /* and */ such as: /* insert comment here */
+/* this is
+ * a multi line
+ * comment
+ */
+#include<iostream> // this includes an external library used to deal with console input and output
+
+usingnamespacestd;// we declare that we are going to use the namespace std of the library we just included
+
+// "int" means it should return an integer number in the end of its execution to communicate if it finished properly
+// "main()" function where the operating system will look for starting the code.
+// "()" empty parameters. this main function here needs no parameter to execute
+// anynthing between { and } is considered a scope.
+// everything stack allocated in this scope will be deallocated in the end of the scope. ex.: local variables.
+intmain(){
+/* "cout" means console output. Print to the console the content of what is passed after the
+ * "<<" stream operator. Streams what in the wright side of it to the cout object
+ * "endl" means end line. Append a new line to the stream, in the case, console output.
+ */
+cout<<"Hello World"<<endl;
+
+/* tells the operating system the program finished without errors. Any number different from that is considered
+ * a error code or error number.
+ */
+return0;
+}
+
#include<iostream>
+#include<string> // structure to deal with a char sequence, it is called string
+usingnamespacestd;
+intmain(){
+// invites the user to write something
+cout<<"Type your name: "<<endl;
+
+/* * string means the type of the variable, this definition came from the string include
+ * username means the name of the variable, the container to hold and store the data
+ */
+stringusername;
+/*
+ * cin mean console input. It captures data from the console.
+ * note the opposite direction of the stream operator. it streams what come from the cin object to the variable.
+ */
+cin>>username;
+// example of how to stream and concatenate texts to the console output;
+cout<<"Hello "<<username<<endl;
+}
+
Syntax errors in C++ are usually caused by mistakes in the source code that prevent the compiler from being able to understand it. Some common causes of syntax errors include: 1. Omitting a required component of a statement, such as a semicolon at the end of a line or a closing curly brace. 2. Using incorrect capitalization or spelling in a keyword or identifier. 3. Using the wrong punctuation, such as using a comma instead of a semicolon. 4. Mixing up the order of operations, such as using an operator that expects two operands before the operands have been provided.
To fix a syntax error, you will need to locate the source of the error and correct it in the code. This can often be a challenging task, as syntax errors can be caused by a variety of factors, and it is not always immediately clear what the problem is. However, there are a few tools that can help you locate and fix syntax errors in your C++ code: 1. A compiler error message: When you try to compile your code, the compiler will often provide an error message that can help you locate the source of the syntax error. These error messages can be somewhat cryptic, but they usually include the line number and a brief description of the problem. 2. A text editor with syntax highlighting: Many text editors, such as Visual Studio or Eclipse, include syntax highlighting, which can help you identify syntax errors by coloring different parts of the code differently. For example, keywords may be highlighted in blue, while variables may be highlighted in green. 3. A debugger: A debugger is a tool that allows you to step through your code line by line, examining the values of variables and the state of the program at each step. This can be a very useful tool for tracking down syntax errors, as it allows you to see exactly where the error occurs and what caused it.
A logic error in C++ is an error that occurs when the code produces unintended results or behaves in unexpected ways due to a mistake in the logic of the program. This type of error is usually caused by a coding mistake, such as using the wrong operator, omitting a necessary statement, or using the wrong variable. Here are some common causes of logic errors in C++:
Incorrect use of conditional statements (e.g., using the wrong comparison operator or forgetting to include a necessary else clause)
Mistakenly using the assignment operator (=) instead of the equality operator (==) in a conditional statement
Omitting a necessary loop iteration or failing to terminate a loop at the appropriate time
Using the wrong variable or array index
Incorrectly calling a function or passing the wrong arguments to a function
To fix a logic error in C++, you will need to carefully examine your code and identify the mistake. It may be helpful to use a debugger to step through your code and see how it is executing, or to add print statements to help you understand what is happening at each step.
A runtime error in C++ means that there is an error in your program that is causing it to behave unexpectedly or crash during runtime, i.e., after you have compiled and run the program. There are many possible causes of runtime errors in C++, including:
Dereferencing a null pointer
Accessing an array out of bounds
Using an uninitialized variable
Trying to divide by zero
Attempting to use an object that has been deleted or has gone out of scope
To troubleshoot a runtime error, you'll need to identify the source of the error by examining the error message and the code that is causing the error. Some common tools and techniques you can use to troubleshoot runtime errors include:
Using a debugger to step through your code line by line
Printing out the values of variables to see where the error might be occurring
Adding additional debug statements or logging to your code to help identify the source of the error
It's also a good idea to ensure that you have compiled your code with debugging symbols enabled, as this will allow you to use the debugger to get a better understanding of what is happening in your code. will cause the program to crash during run-time
Make sure the CMake option "ENABLE_INTRO" is set as ON in CMakeLists.txt file in the root directory in order to see and enable all activities.
(enrolled students) If you are enrolled in a class with me, share your repo with me, so I can track your evolution. And do the activities described there.
If you have problems here, start a discussion this is publicly visible and not FERPA compliant. Use discussions in Canvas if you are enrolled in a class with me.
Comments
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/courses/intro/03-datatypes/CMakeLists.txt b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7da903152
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+add_executable(03-bankNotesAndCoins bankNotesAndCoins.cpp)
+add_executable(03-volume volume.cpp)
+add_executable(03-distance distance.cpp)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/courses/intro/03-datatypes/bankNotesAndCoins.cpp b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/bankNotesAndCoins.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3933c94e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/bankNotesAndCoins.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include
+// https://www.beecrowd.com.br/judge/en/problems/view/1021
+// dont use if/else, use % operations instead
+int main(){
+
+ /*
+ *
+NOTAS:
+5 nota(s) de R$ 100.00
+1 nota(s) de R$ 50.00
+1 nota(s) de R$ 20.00
+0 nota(s) de R$ 10.00
+1 nota(s) de R$ 5.00
+0 nota(s) de R$ 2.00
+MOEDAS:
+1 moeda(s) de R$ 1.00
+1 moeda(s) de R$ 0.50
+0 moeda(s) de R$ 0.25
+2 moeda(s) de R$ 0.10
+0 moeda(s) de R$ 0.05
+3 moeda(s) de R$ 0.01
+ */
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/courses/intro/03-datatypes/distance.cpp b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/distance.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7c8740b89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/distance.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include
+//https://www.beecrowd.com.br/judge/en/problems/view/1015
+int main(){
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/courses/intro/03-datatypes/index.html b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f166c0f78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+ Data Types - Awesome GameDev Resources
Variables are containers to store information and facilitates data manipulation. They are named and typed. Detailed Reference
Container sizes are measured in Bytes. Bytes are the smallest addressable unit in a computer. Each byte is composed by 8 bits. Each bit can be 1 or 0 (true or false). If one byte have 8 bits and each bit one can hold 2 different values, the combination of all possible cases that a byte can be is 2^8 which is 256, so one byte can hold up to 256 different states or possibilities.
But the only guarantee the C++ imposes is: 1 == sizeof(char) <= sizeof(short) <= sizeof(int) <= sizeof(long) <= sizeof(long long) and it can result in compiler defined behaviours where a char can have 8 bytes and a long long can be 1 byte.
Note
If you care about being cross-platform conformant, you have to always specify the sign modifier or use a more descriptive type such as listed here.
For floating pointing numbers, the container size can be 4(float), 8(double), 10(deprecated) or 16(long double) bytes.
The sign modifiers can be signed and unsigned and are applicable only for integer types.
The default behavior of the types in a x86 cpu are as signed numbers and the first bit of the container is the signal. If the first bit is 0, it means it is positive. If the first bit is 1, it means it is negative. More details.
Which means that if the container follow two complement and is the size of 1 byte(8 bits), it have 1 bit for the signal and 7 bit for the content. So this number goes from -128 up to 127, this container is typically a signed char. The positive size has 1 less quantity in absolute than the negative because 0 is represented in positive side. There are 256 numbers between -128 and 127 inclusive.
A standard char type uses 1 byte to store data and follows complement of 1. Going -127 to 127, so tipically represents 255 numbers.
A signed char follows complement of 2 and it can represent 2^8 or 256 different numbers. By default, in x86 machine char is signed and the represented numbers can go from -2^7 or -128 up to 2^7 - 1 or 127.
An unsigned char
Chars can be used to represent letters following the ascii table where each value means a specific letter, digit or symbol.
Note
A char can have different sizes to represent different character coding for different languages. If you are using hebrew, chinese, or others, you probably will need more than 1 byte to represent the chars. Use char8_t (UTF8), char16_t(UTF16) or char36_t(UTF32), to cover your character encoding for the language you are using.
ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange - maps a number to a character. It is used to represent letters, digits and symbols. It is a standard that is used by most of the computers in the world.
It is a 7 bit table, so it can represent 2^7 or 128 different characters. The first 32 characters are control characters and the rest are printable characters. Reference. There are other tables that extend the ASCII table to 8 bits, or even 16 bits.
The printable chacacters starts at number 32 and goes up to 126. The first 32 characters are control characters and the rest are printable.
As you can imagine, this table is not enough to represent all the characters in the world(latin, chinese, japanese, etc). So there are other tables that extend the ASCII table to 8 bits, or even 16 bits.
Most of the information that I am covering here might be not precise, but the overall idea is correct. If you want a deep dive, read this.
A standard int type uses 4 bytes to store data. It is signed by default.
It can represent 2^32 or 4294967296 different numbers. As a signed type, it can represent numbers from -2^31 or -2147483648 up to 2^31 - 1 or 2147483647.
The type int can accept sign modifiers as signed or unsigned to change the behavior of the first bit to act as a sign or not.
The type int can accept size modifiers as short (2 bytes) or long long (8 bytes) to change the size and representation capacity of the container. Type declaration short and short int result in the same container size of 2 bytes. In the same way a long long or long long int reserves the same size of 8 bytes for the container.
The type long or long int usually gives the same size of int as 4 bytes. Historical fact or myth: This abnormality, comes from the evolution of the definition of int: in the past, 2 bytes were enough for the majority of the scenarios in the 16 bits processors, but it frequently reached the limits of the container and it overflowed. So they changed the standard definition of a integer from being 2 bytes to 4 bytes, and created the short modifier. In this scenario the long int lost the reason to exist.
Here goes a list of valid integer types and its probable size(it depends on the implementation, cpu architecture and operation system): - Size of 2 bytes: short int, short, signed short int, signed short, unsigned short int, unsigned short, - Size of 4 bytes: signed, unsigned, int, signed int, unsigned int, long int, long, signed long int, signed long, unsigned long int, unsigned long, - Size of 8 bytes: long long int, long long, signed long long int, signed long long, unsigned long long int, unsigned long long.
OPINION: I highly recommend the usage of these types instead, to ensure determinism and consistency between compilers, operating systems and cpu architectures.
There are 3 basic types of floating point containers: float(4 bytes) and double(8 bytes) and long double(16 bytes) to represent fractional numeric types.
The standard IEEE754 specifies how a floating point number is stored in the form of bits inside the container. The container holds 3 basic information to simulate the behavior of a fractional type inside a binary type: signal, exponent and fraction.
Note
This standard was very open to implementation definition in the past, and this is one of the root causes of non-determinism physics simulation. This is the main problem you cannot guarantee the same operation with the same pair of numbers will consistently give the same result across different types of processors and compilers, thus making the physics of a multiplayer game consistency hardly achievable. Many deterministic physics engines tend to not use this standard at all, and implement those behaviors via software on top of integers instead. There are 2 approaches to solve the floating-point determinism: softfloat that implement all the IEEE754 specifications via software, or implement some kind of fixed-point arithmetic on top of integers.
bool is a special type that has the container size of 1 byte but the compiler can optimize and pack up to 8 bools in one byte if they are declared in sequence.
An enumeration is a type that consists of a set of named integral constants. It can be defined using the enum keyword:
enumColor{
+Red,
+Green,
+Blue
+};
+
This defines a new type called Color, which has three possible values: Red, Green, and Blue. By default, the values of these constants are 0, 1, and 2, respectively. However, you can specify your own values:
enumColor{
+Red=5,
+Green,// 6
+Blue// 7
+};
+
You can then use the enumeration type just like any other type:
ColorfavoriteColor=Red;
+
Enumerations can also have their underlying type explicitly specified:
enumclassColor:char{
+Red,
+Green,
+Blue
+};
+
Here, the underlying type of the enumeration is char, so the constants Red, Green, and Blue will be stored as characters(1 byte size). The enum class syntax is known as a "scoped" enumeration, and it is recommended over the traditional enum syntax because it helps prevent naming conflicts. See the CppCoreGuidelines to understand better why you should prefer using this.
// You can make the value of the constants
+// explicit to make your debugging easier:
+enumclassColor:char{
+Red='r',//
+Green='g',
+Blue='b'
+};
+
string is a derived type and in order to use it, string should be included in the beginning of the file or in the header. char are the basic unit of a string and is used to store words as a sequence of chars.
In C++, a string is a sequence of characters that is stored in an object of the std::string class. The std::string class is part of the C++ Standard Library and provides a variety of functions and operators for manipulating strings.
When void type specifier is used in functions, it indicates that a function does not return a value.
It can also be used as a placeholder for a pointer to a memory location to indicate that the pointer is "universal" and can point to data of any type, but this can be arguably a bad pattern, and should be used exceptionally when interchanging types with c-style API.
Variable names are called identifiers. In C++, you can use any combination of letters, digits, and underscores to name a variable, it should follow some rules:
Variables can have numbers, en any position, except the first character, so the name does not begin with a digit. Ex. point2 and vector2d are allowed, but 9life isn't;
Variable names are case-sensitive, so "myVar" and "myvar" are considered to be different variables;
Can have _ in any position of the identifier. Ex. _myname and user_name are allowed;
Keep in mind that it is a good practice to choose descriptive and meaningful names for your variables, as this can make your code easier to read and understand. Avoid using abbreviations or acronyms that may not be familiar to others who may read your code.
It is also important to note that C++ has some naming conventions that are commonly followed by programmers. For example, it is common to use camelCase or snake_case to separate words in a variable name, and to use all lowercase letters for variables that are local to a function and all uppercase letters for constants.
TYPENAME can be the name of any predefined type. See Variable Types for the types. VARIABLENAME can be anything as long it follow the naming rules. See Variable Naming for the naming rules.
Note
A given variable name can only be declared once in the same context / scope. If you try to redeclare the same variable, the compiler will accuse an error.
Note
You can redeclare the same variable name in different scopes. If one scope is parent of the other, the current will be used and will shadow the content of the one from outer scope. We are going to cover this more when we are covering multi-file projects and functions.
= operator means that whatever the container have will be overwritten by the result of the right side statement. You should read it not as equal but as receives to avoid misunderstanding. Reference
Every variable, by default, is not initialized. It means that you have to set the content of it after declaring. If the variable is read before the assignment, its content is garbage, it will read whatever is set in the memory stack for the given container location. So the best approach is to always set a value when a variable is declared or be assured that every variable is never read before an assigment.
A char variable can be assigned by integer numbers or any characters between single quotes.
charc;
+c='A';// the content is 65 and the representation is A. see ascii table.
+c=98;// the content is 98 and the representation is b. see ascii table.
+
A bool is by default either true or false, but it can be assigned by numeric value following this rule: - if the value is 0, then the value stored by the variable is false (0); - if the value is anything different than 0, the value stored is true (1);
To convert a string to a int, you have to use a function stoi(for int), stol(for long) or stoll(for long long) because both types are not compatibles.
To convert a string to a float, you have to use a function stof(for float), stod(for double), or stold(for long double) because both types are not compatibles.
Literals are values that are expressed freely in the code. Every numeric type can be appended with suffixes to specify explicitly the type to avoid undefined behaviors or compiler defined behaviors such as implicit cast or container size.
There are 4 types of integer literals. - decimal-literal: never starts with digit 0 and followed by any decimal digit; - octal-literal: starts with 0 digit and followed by any octal digit; - hex-literal: starts with 0x or 0X and followed by any hexadecimal digit; - binary-literal: starts with 0b or 0B and followed by any binary digit;
// all of these variables holds the same value, 42, but using different bases.
+// the right side of the = are literals
+intdeci=42;
+intocta=052;
+inthexa=0x2a;
+intbina=0b101010;
+
Suffixes:
no suffix provided: it will use the first smallest signed integer container that can hold the data starting from int;
u or U: it will use the first smallest unsigned integer container that can hold the data starting from unsigned int;
l or L: it will use the first smallest signed integer container that can hold the data starting from long;
lu or LU: it will use the first smallest unsigned integer container that can hold the data starting from unsigned long;
ll or LL: it will use the long long signed integer container long long;
llu or LLU: it will use the long long unsigned integer container unsigned long long;
In C++, you can perform common arithmetic operations is statements using the following operators Reference:
Addition: +
Subtraction: -
Multiplication: *
Division: /
Modulus (remainder): %
There are two special cases called unary increment / decrement operators that may occur in before(prefixed) or after(postfixed) the variable name reference. If prefixed it is executed first and then return the result, if postfixed, it returns the current value and then execute the operation:
Increment: ++;
Decrement: --;
There are shorthand assignment operators reference that reassign the value of the variable after executing the arithmetic operation with the right side of the operator with the old value of the variable:
Addition: +=
Subtraction: -=
Multiplication: *=
Division: /=
Modulus (remainder): %=
Here is an example of how to use these operators in a C++ program:
#include<iostream>
+
+intmain(){
+inta=5;
+intb=2;
+
+std::cout<<a+b<<std::endl;// Outputs 7
+std::cout<<a-b<<std::endl;// Outputs 3
+std::cout<<a*b<<std::endl;// Outputs 10
+std::cout<<a/b<<std::endl;// Outputs 2
+std::cout<<a%b<<std::endl;// Outputs 1
+a++;
+std::cout<<a<<std::endl;// Outputs 6
+a--;
+std::cout<<a<<std::endl;// Outputs 5
+
+std::cout<<a++<<std::endl;// Outputs 5 because it first returns the current value and then increments.
+std::cout<<a<<std::endl;// Outputs 6
+
+std::cout<<--a<<std::endl;// Outputs 5 because it first decrements the value and then return it already changed;
+std::cout<<a<<std::endl;// Outputs 5
+
+b*=2;// it is a short version of b = b * 2;
+std::cout<<b<<std::endl;// Outputs 4
+
+b/=2;// it is a short version of b = b / 2;
+std::cout<<b<<std::endl;// Outputs 2
+
+return0;
+}
+
Note that the division operator (/) performs integer division if both operands are integers. If either operand is a floating-point type, the division will be performed as floating-point division. So 5/2 is 2 because both are integers, se we use integer division, but 5/2. is 2.5 because the second one is a double literal.
Also, the modulus operator (%) returns the remainder of an integer division. For example, 7 % 3 is equal to 1, because 3 goes into 7 two times with a remainder of 1.
Implicit casting, also known as type coercion, is the process of converting a value of one data type to another data type without the need for an explicit cast operator. In C++, this can occur when an expression involves operands of different data types and the compiler automatically converts one of the operands to the data type of the other in order to perform the operation.
For example:
inta=1;
+doubleb=1.5;
+
+intc=a+b;// c is automatically converted to a double before the addition
+
In this example, the value of b is a double, while the value of a is an int. When the addition operator is used, the compiler will automatically convert a to a double before performing the addition. The result of the expression is a double, so c is also automatically converted to a double before being assigned the result of the expression.
Implicit casting can also occur when assigning a value to a variable of a different data type. For example:
inta=2;
+doubleb=a;// a is automatically converted to a double before the assignment
+
In this case, the value of a is an int, but it is being assigned to a double variable. The compiler will automatically convert the value of a to a double before making the assignment.
It's important to be aware of implicit casting, because it can sometimes lead to unexpected results or loss of precision if not handled properly. In some cases, it may be necessary to use an explicit cast operator to explicitly convert a value to a specific data type.
In C++, you can use an explicit cast operator to explicitly convert a value of one data type to another. The general syntax for an explicit cast are:
// ref: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C%2B%2B_Programming/Programming_Languages/C%2B%2B/Code/Statements/Variables/Type_Casting
+(TYPENAME)value;// regular c-style. do not use this extensively
+static_cast<TYPENAME>(value);// c++ style conversion, arguably it is the preferred style. use this if you know what you are doing.
+TYPENAME(value);// functional initialization, slower but safer. might not work for every case. Use this if you are unsure or want to be safe.
+TYPENAME{value};// initialization style, faster, convenient, concise and arguably safer because it triggers warnings. use this for the general case.
+
For example:
inta=7;
+doubleb=(double)a;// a is explicitly converted to a double
+
In this example, the value of a is an int, but it is being explicitly converted to a double using the explicit cast operator. The result of the cast is then assigned to the double variable b.
Explicit casts can be useful in situations where you want to ensure that a value is converted to a specific data type, regardless of the data types of the operands in an expression. However, it's important to be aware that explicit casts can also lead to unexpected results or loss of precision if not used carefully. This behaviour is called narrowing.
C-style:
inta=20001;
+charb=(char)a;// b is assigned the ASCII value for the character '!'
+
In this case, the value of a is an int, but it is being explicitly converted to a char using the explicit cast operator. However, the range of values that can be represented by a char is much smaller than the range of values that can be represented by an int, so the value of a is outside the range that can be represented by a char. As a result, b is assigned the ASCII value for the character 1, which is not the same as the original value of a. The value ! is 33 in ASCII table, and 33 is the result of the 20001 % 256 where 256 is the number of elements the char can represent. In this case, what happened was a bug that is hard to track called int overflow.
auto keyword is mostly a syntax sugar to automatically infer the data type. It is used to avoid writing the full declaration of complex types when it is easily inferred. auto is not a dynamic type, once it is inferred, it cannot be changed later like in other dynamic typed languages such as javascript.
autoi=0;// automatically inferred as an integer type;
+autof=0.0f;// automatically inferred as a float type;
+
+i="word";// this won't work, because it was already inferred as an integer and integer container cannot hold string
+
There are many functions to help you format the output in the way it is expected, here goes a selection of the most useful ones I can think. Yon can find more functions and manipulators here and here.
To set a fixed precision for floating point numbers in C++, you can use the std::setprecision manipulator from the iomanip header, along with the std::fixed manipulator.
Here's an example of how to use these manipulators to output a floating point number with a fixed precision of 3 decimal places:
You can also use the std::setw manipulator to set the minimum field width for the output, which can be useful for aligning the decimal points in a table of numbers.
Note that these manipulators only affect the output stream, and do not modify the values of the floating point variables themselves. If you want to store the numbers with a fixed precision, you will need to use a different method such as rounding or truncating the numbers.
To align text to the right or left in C++, you can use the setw manipulator in the iomanip header and the right or left flag. More details here
In order to get into coding, the easiest way to learn is by solving coding challenges. It is like learning any new language, you have to be exposed and involved. Do not do only the homeworks, otherwise you are going to fail. Another metaphor is: the homework is the like a competition that you have to run to prove that you are trained, but in order to train, you have to do small runs and do small steps first, so you have to train yourself ot least 2x per week.
The best way to train yourself in coding and solving problems in my opinion is this:
Sort Beecrowd questions from the most solved to the least solved questions here is the link of the list already filtered.
Start solving the questions from the top to the bottom. Chose one from de the beginning, it would be one of the easiest;
If you are feeling comfortable and being able to solve more than 3 per hour, you are allowed to skip some of the questions. It is just like in a gym, when you get used with the load, you increase it. Otherwise continue training slowly.
banknotes and coins - Here you will use formatting, modulus, casting, arithmetic operations, compound assignment. You don't need to use if-else.
Hint. Follow this only if dont find your way of solving it. You can read the number as a double, multiply by 100 and then do a sequence of modulus and division operations.
doubleinput;// declare the container to store the input
+cin>>input;// read the input
+
+longlongcents=static_cast<longlong>(input*100);// number of cents. Note: if you just use float, you will face issues.
+
+longlongnotes100=cents/10000;// get the number of notes of 100 dollar (100 units of 100 cents)
+cents%=10000;// remove the amount of 100 dollars
+
Another good way of solving it avoiding casting is reading the number as string and removing the point. Never use float for money
stringinput;// declare the container to store the input
+cin>>input;// read the input
+
+// given every input will have the dot, we should remove it. remove the dot `.`
+input=input.erase(str.find('.'),1);
+
+// not it is safe to use int, because no bit is lost in floating casting and nobody have more than MAX_INT cents.
+intcents=stoll(input);// number of cents.
+
+longlongnotes100=cents/10000;// get the number of notes of 100 dollar (100 units of 100 cents)
+cents%=10000;// update the remaining cents by removing the amount of 100 dollars in cents units
+
If you have problems here, start a discussion. Nhis is publicly visible and not FERPA compliant. Use discussions in Canvas if you are enrolled in a class with me. Or visit the tutoring service.
Comments
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diff --git a/courses/intro/03-datatypes/volume.cpp b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/volume.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b685d15d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/03-datatypes/volume.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include
+// https://www.beecrowd.com.br/judge/en/problems/view/1011
+int main(){
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/courses/intro/04-conditionals/CMakeLists.txt b/courses/intro/04-conditionals/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..01bcc7b6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/04-conditionals/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+add_executable(04-coordinates coordinates.cpp)
diff --git a/courses/intro/04-conditionals/coordinates.cpp b/courses/intro/04-conditionals/coordinates.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..807328c5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/04-conditionals/coordinates.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include
+// https://www.beecrowd.com.br/judge/en/problems/view/1141
+int main(){
+
+}
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diff --git a/courses/intro/04-conditionals/index.html b/courses/intro/04-conditionals/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..167d8a1ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/04-conditionals/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+ Conditionals - Awesome GameDev Resources
And operators can be represented by &&(most common syntax) or and(C++20 and up - alternative operator representation). This operator represents the logical AND operation. It returns true if both operands are true, and false otherwise. - It needs only if one false element to make the result be false; - It needs all elements to be true in order the result be true;
p
q
p and q
true
true
true
true
false
false
false
true
false
false
folse
false
For example:
boolx=true;
+booly=false;
+boolz=x&&y;// z is assigned the value false
+
Or operators can be represented by ||(most common syntax) or or(C++20 and up - - alternative operator representation). This operator represents the logical OR operation. It returns true if one operands are true, and false if all are false. - It needs only if one true element to make the result be true; - It needs all elements to be false in order the result be false;
p
q
p or q
true
true
true
true
false
true
false
true
true
false
folse
false
For example:
boolx=true;
+booly=false;
+boolz=x||y;// z is assigned the value true
+
Not operator can be represented by !(most common syntax) or not(C++20 and up - alternative operator representation). This operator represents the logical NOT operation. It returns true if operand after it is false, and true otherwise._
p
not p
true
false
false
true
For example:
boolx=true;
+booly=!x;// y is assigned the value false
+
Bitwise and can be represented by & or bitand(C++20 and up - alternative operator representation: This operator performs the bitwise AND operation. It compares each bit of the first operand to the corresponding bit of the second operand, and if both bits are 1, the corresponding result bit is set to 1. Otherwise, the corresponding result bit is set to 0. For example:
intx=5;// binary representation is 0101
+inty=3;// binary representation is 0011
+intz=x&y;// z is assigned the value 1, which is binary 0001
+
Bitwise or can be represented by | or bitor(C++20 and up - alternative operator representation: This operator performs the bitwise OR operation. It compares each bit of the first operand to the corresponding bit of the second operand, and if either bit is 1, the corresponding result bit is set to 1. Otherwise, the corresponding result bit is set to 0. For example:
intx=5;// binary representation is 0101
+inty=3;// binary representation is 0011
+intz=x|y;// z is assigned the value 7, which is binary 0111
+
Bitwise xor can be represented by ^ or bitxor(C++20 and up - alternative operator representation: This operator performs the bitwise XOR (exclusive OR) operation. It compares each bit of the first operand to the corresponding bit of the second operand, and if the bits are different, the corresponding result bit is set to 1. Otherwise, the corresponding result bit is set to 0.
intx=5;// binary representation is 0101
+inty=3;// binary representation is 0011
+intz=x^y;// z is assigned the value 6, which is binary 0110
+
Bitwise xor is a type of binary sum without carry bit.
Bitwise not can be represented by ~ or bitnot(C++20 and up - alternative operator representation: This operator performs the bitwise NOT (negation) operation. It inverts each bit of the operand (changes 1 to 0 and 0 to 1). For example:
intx=5;// binary representation is 0101
+inty=~x;// y is assigned the value -6, which is binary 11111010. See complement of two for more details.
+
In C++, the shift operators are used to shift the bits of a binary number to the left or right. Pay attention to not mix with the same ones used to strings, in that case they are called stream operators. There are two shift operators:
<<: This operator shifts the bits of the left operand to the left by the number of positions specified by the right operand. For example:
intx=2;// binary representation is 10
+x=x<<1;// shifts the bits of x one position to the left and assigns the result to x
+// x now contains 4, which is binary 100
+
>>: This operator shifts the bits of the left operand to the right by the number of positions specified by the right operand. For example:
intx=4;// binary representation is 100
+x=x>>1;// shifts the bits of x one position to the right and assigns the result to x
+// x now contains 2, which is binary 10
+
The shift operators are often used to perform operations more efficiently than can be done with other operators. They can also be used to extract or insert specific bits from or into a value.
Conditionals are used to branch and execute different blocks of code based on whether a certain condition is true or false. There are several types of conditionals, including:
if statements: These execute a block of code if a certain condition is true. If statements usually uses comparison operators or any result that can be transformed as boolean - any number different than 0 is considered true, only 0 is considered false.
Comparison operator is used to compare the value of two operands. The operands can be variables, expressions, or constants. The comparison operator returns a Boolean value of true or false, depending on the result of the comparison. There are several comparison operators available:
==: returns true if the operands are equal;
!=: returns true if the operands are not equal;
>: returns true if the left operand is greater than the right operand;
<: returns true if the left operand is less than the right operand;
>=: returns true if the left operand is greater than or equal to the right operand;
<=: returns true if the left operand is less than or equal to the right operand;
For example:
if(x>y){
+// code to execute if x is greater than y
+}
+
If it appears without scope {}, the condition will applied only to the next statement. For example
if(x>y)
+doSomething();// only happens if x > y is evaluated as true
+otherThing();// this will always occur.
+
Inline conditional:
if(x>y)doSomething();// only happens if x > y is evaluated as true
+
if(x>y){doSomething();}// only happens if x > y is evaluated as true
+
A common source of error is adding a ; after the condition. In this case, the compiler will understand that it is an empty statement and always execute the next statement.
if(x>y);// note the inline empty statement here finished with a `;`
+doSomething();// this will always happen
+
Note
It is preferred to always create scopes with {}, but there is no need to have them if you have only one statement that will happen for that condition.
All the explanations from if applies here but now we have a fallback case.
if-else statements: These execute a block of code if a certain condition is true, and a different block of code if the condition is false. For example:
if(x>y){
+// code to execute if x is greater than y
+}else{
+// code to execute if x is not greater than y
+}
+
All the explanations about scope on the if clause described before, can be applied to the else.
The ternary operator is also known as the conditional operator. It is used to evaluate a condition and return one value if the condition is true and another value if the condition is false. The syntax for the ternary operator is:
condition?value_if_true:value_if_false
+
For example:
inta=5;
+intb=10;
+intmin=(a<b)?a:b;// min will be assigned the value of a, since a is less than b
+
Here, the condition a < b is evaluated to be true, so the value of a is returned. If the condition had been false, the value of b would have been returned instead.
The ternary operator can be used as a shorthand for an if-else statement. For example, the code above could be written as:
switch statement allows you to execute a block of code based on the value of a variable or expression. The switch statement is often used as an alternative to a series of if statements, as it can make the code more concise and easier to read. Here is the basic syntax for a switch statement in C++:
switch(expression){
+casevalue1:
+// code to be executed if expression == value1
+break;
+casevalue2:
+// code to be executed if expression == value2
+break;
+// ...
+default:
+// code to be executed if expression is not equal to any of the values
+}
+
The expression is evaluated once, and the value is compared to the values in each case statement. If a match is found, the code associated with that case is executed. The break statement is used to exit the switch statement and prevent the code in subsequent cases from being executed. The default case is optional, and is executed if none of the other cases match the value of the expression.
Here is an example of a switch statement that checks the value of a variable x and executes different code depending on the value of x:
intx=2;
+
+switch(x){
+case1:
+cout<<"x is 1"<<endl;
+break;
+case2:
+cout<<"x is 2"<<endl;
+break;
+case3:
+cout<<"x is 3"<<endl;
+break;
+default:
+cout<<"x is not 1, 2, or 3"<<endl;
+}
+
In this example, the output would be "x is 2", as the value of x is 2.
Note
It's important to note that C++ uses strict type checking, so you need to be careful about the types of variables you use in your conditionals. For example, you can't compare a string to an integer using the == operator.
In C++, the break statement is used to exit a switch statement and prevent the code in subsequent cases from being executed. However, sometimes you may want to allow the code in multiple cases to be executed if certain conditions are met. This is known as a "fallthrough" in C++.
To allow a switch statement to fall through to the next case, you can omit the break statement at the end of the case's code block. The code in the next case will then be executed, and the switch statement will continue to execute until a break statement is encountered or the end of the switch is reached.
Here is an example of a switch statement with a fallthrough:
intx=2;
+
+switch(x){
+case1:
+cout<<"x is 1"<<endl;
+case2:
+cout<<"x is 2"<<endl;
+case3:
+cout<<"x is 3"<<endl;
+default:
+cout<<"x is not 1, 2, or 3"<<endl;
+}
+
In this example, the output would be "x is 2" and "x is 3", as the break statement is omitted in the case 2 block and the code in the case 3 block is executed as a result.
It is generally considered good practice to include a break statement at the end of each case in a switch statement to avoid unintended fallthrough. However, there may be cases where a fallthrough is desired behavior. In such cases, it is important to document the intended fallthrough in the code to make it clear to other programmers.
It is expected for you to be able to solve all questions before this one 1041 on beecrowd. Sort Beecrowd questions from the most solved to the least solved questions here in the link. If you don't, see Troubleshooting. Don`t let your study pile up, this homework is just a small test, it is expected from you to do other questions on Beecrowd or any other tool such as leetcode.
If you have problems here, start a discussion. Nhis is publicly visible and not FERPA compliant. Use discussions in Canvas if you are enrolled in a class with me. Or visit the tutoring service.
Comments
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diff --git a/courses/intro/05-loops/index.html b/courses/intro/05-loops/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f28b4b5b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/courses/intro/05-loops/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+ Loops - Awesome GameDev Resources
This loop is used when you want to execute a block of code an unknown number of times, as long as a certain condition is true. It has the following syntax:
Syntax:
while(condition){
+// code block to be executed
+}
+
This loop is used when you know in advance how many times you want to execute a block of code.
The initialization part is executed only once, at the beginning of the loop. It is used to initialize any loop variables.
The condition is evaluated at the beginning of each iteration of the loop. If the condition is true, the code block inside the loop is executed. If the condition is false, the loop is terminated.
The increment part is executed at the end of each iteration of the loop. It is used to update the loop variables.
Syntax:
for(initialization;condition;step_iteration){
+// code block to be executed
+}
+
Example:
for(inti=10;i<=0;i--){
+cout<<i<<endl;
+}
+
If the block is only one statement, it can be expressed without {}s.
Syntax:
for(initialization;condition;step_iteration)
+// single statement goes here
+
A range-based loop is a loop that iterates over a range of elements. The declaration type should follow the same type of the elements in the range.
Syntax:
for(declaration:range){
+// code block to be executed
+}
+
or
for(declaration:range)
+// single statement
+
To avoid explaining arrays and vectors now, assume v as an iterable container that can hold multiple elements. I am going to use auto here to avoid explaining this topic any further.
autov={1,2,3,4,5};// an automatically inferred iterable container with multiple elements
+for(intx:v){
+cout<<x<<" ";
+}
+
It is possible to automatically generate ranges
#include<ranges>
+#include<iostream>
+usingnamespacestd;
+intmain(){
+// goes from 0 to 9. in iota, the first element is inclusive and the last one is exclusive.
+for(inti:views::iota(0,10))
+cout<<i<<' ';
+}
+
break keyword defines a way to break the current loop and end it immediately.
// check if it is prime
+intnum;
+cin>>num;// read the number to be checked if is prime or not
+boolisPrime=true;
+for(inti=2;i<num;i++){
+if(num%i==0){// check if i divides num
+isPrime=false;
+break;// this will break the loop and prevent further precessing
+}
+}
+
You should avoid goto keyword. PERIOD. The only acceptable usage is to break multiple nested loops at the same time. But even in this case, is better to use return statement and functions that you're going to see later in this course.
The goto keyword allows you to transfer control to a labeled statement elsewhere in your code.
Example on how to create a loop using labels and goto. You can create a loop just using labels(anchors) and goto keywords. But this syntax is hard to debug and read. Avoid it at all costs:
#include<iostream>
+usingnamespacestd;
+intmain(){
+inti=0;
+start:// this a label named as start.
+cout<<i<<endl;
+i++;
+if(i<10)
+gotostart;// jump back to start
+else
+gotofinish;// jump to finish
+finish:// this a label named as finish.
+return0;
+}
+
Example on how to jump over and skip statements:
#include<iostream>
+
+intmain(){
+intx=10;
+
+gotojump_over_this;// control jumps to the label below
+
+x=20;// this line of code is skipped
+
+jump_over_this:// label for goto statement
+std::cout<<x<<std::endl;// outputs 10
+
+return0;
+}
+
Example of an arguably acceptable use of goto. Here you can see the usage of a way to break both loops at the same time. If you use break, you will only break the inner loop. In this situation it is better to break your code into functions to reduce complexity and nesting.
You can nest loops by placing one loop inside another. The inner loop will be executed completely for each iteration of the outer loop. Here is an example of nesting a for loop inside another for loop:
The accumulator pattern is a way to accumulate values in a loop. Here is an example of how to use it:
intfact=1;// accumulator variable
+for(inti=2;i<5;i++){
+fact*=i;// multiply the accumulator by the current value of i
+}
+// fact = 1*1*2*3*4 = 24
+cout<<fact<<endl;
+
The search pattern is a way to search for a value in a loop, the most common implementation is a boolean flag. Here is an example of how to use it:
intnum;
+cin>>num;// read the number to be checked if is prime or not
+boolisPrime=true;// flag to indicate if the number is prime or not
+for(inti=2;i<num;i++){
+if(num%i==0){// check if i divides num
+isPrime=false;
+break;// this will break the loop and prevent further precessing
+}
+}
+cout<<num<<" is "<<(isPrime?"":"not ")<<"prime"<<endl;
+// (isPrime ? "" : "not ") is the ternary operator, it is a shorthand for if-else
+
Debugging is the act of instrumentalize your code in order to track problems and fix them.
The most naive way of doing it is by printing variables random texts to find the problem. Don't do it. Use debugger tools instead. Each IDE has his its ows set of tools, if you are using CLion, use this tutorial.
There are lots of methodologies to guarantee your code is correct and solve the problem it is supposed to solve. The one that stand out is Automated tests.
When you are using beecrowd, leetcode, hackerrank or any other tool to solve problems to learn how to code, a problem is posted to be solved and they test your code solution against a set of expected outputs. This is automated testing. You can generate custom automated tests for your code and cover all cases that you can imagine before you start coding the solution. This is a good practice and is documented in the industry as Test Driven Development.
In this activity, you will have to solve Fibonacci sequence. You should implement using loops, and variables. Do not use arrays nor closed-form formulas.
Hint: Create two variables, one to store the current value and the previous value. For each iteration step, calculate the sum of both and store and put into a temp variable. Copy the current into the previous and set the current with the temporary you calculated before.
It is expected for you to be able to solve all questions before this one 1151 on beecrowd. Sort Beecrowd questions from the most solved to the least solved questions here in the link. If you don't, see Troubleshooting. Don`t let your study pile up, this homework is just a small test, it is expected from you to do other questions on Beecrowd or any other tool such as leetcode.
If you have problems here, start a discussion. Nhis is publicly visible and not FERPA compliant. Use discussions in Canvas if you are enrolled in a class with me. Or visit the tutoring service.
Comments
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+ Functions - Awesome GameDev Resources
Data containers use binary coding to store data where every digit can be 0 or 1, this is called base 2, but there are different types of binary encodings and representation, the most common integer representation is Complement of two for representing positive and negative numbers and for floats is IEEE754. Given that, it is relevant to learn how to convert the most used common bases in computer science in order to code more efficiently.
Most common bases are: - Base 2 - Binary. Digits can go from 0 to 1. {0, 1}; - Base 8 - Octal. Digits can go from 0 to 7. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}; - Base 10 - Decimal. Digits can go from 0 to 9. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; - Base 16 - Hexadecimal. Digits can go from 0 to 9 and then from A to F. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F};
There are several methods for performing base conversion, but one common method is to use the repeated division and remainder method. To convert a number from base 10 to another base b, you can divide the number by b and record the remainder. Repeat this process with the quotient obtained from the previous division until the quotient becomes zero. The remainders obtained during the process will be the digits of the result in the new base, with the last remainder being the least significant digit.
For example, to convert the decimal number 75 to base 2 (binary), we can follow these steps:
The remainders obtained during the process (1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1) are the digits of the result in base 2, with the last remainder (1) being the least significant digit. Therefore, the number 75 in base 10 is equal to 1001011 in base 2.
A function is a block of code that performs a specific task. It is mostly used to isolate specific reusable functionality from the rest of the code. It has a name, a return type, and a list of parameters. Functions can be called from other parts of the program to execute the task. Here is an example of a simple C++ function that takes two integers as input and returns their sum.
intadd(intx,inty){
+intsum=x+y;
+returnsum;
+}
+
To call the function, you would use its name followed by the arguments in parentheses:
inta=2,b=3;
+intc=add(a,b);// c will be equal to 5
+
Functions can also be declared before they are defined, in which case they are called "prototypes." This allows you to use the function before it is defined, which can be useful if you want to define the function after it is used. For example:
This content only covers an introduction to the topic.
The & is used to refer memory address of the variable. When used in the declaration, it is the Lvalue reference declarator. It is an alias to an already-existing, variable, object or function. Read more here.
When used as an prefix operator before the name of a variable, it will return the memory address where the variable is allocated.
Example:
strings;
+
+// the variable r has the same memory address of s
+// the declaration requires initialization
+string&r=s;
+
+s="Hello";
+
+cout<<&s<<endl;// prints the variable memory address location. in my machine: "0x7ffc53631cd0"
+cout<<&r<<endl;// prints the same variable memory address location. in my machine: "0x7ffc53631cd0"
+
+cout<<s<<endl;// prints "Hello"
+cout<<r<<endl;// prints "Hello"
+
+// update the content
+r+=" world!";
+
+cout<<s<<endl;// prints "Hello world!"
+cout<<r<<endl;// prints "Hello world!"
+
This content only covers an introduction to the topic.
The * is used to declare a variable that holds the address of a memory position. A pointer is an integer number that points to a memory location of a container of a given type. Read more here.
string*r=nullptr;// it is not required do initialize, but it is a good practice to always initialize a pointer pointing to null address (0).
+strings="Hello";
+r=&s;// the variable r stores the memory address of s
+
+cout<<s<<endl;// prints the content of the variable s. "Hello"
+cout<<&s<<endl;// prints the address of the variable s. in my machine "0x7fffdda021b0"
+
+cout<<r<<endl;// prints the numeric value of the address the pointer points, in this case it is "0x7fffdda021b0".
+cout<<&r<<endl;// prints the address of the variable r. it is a different address than s, in my machine "0x7fffdda021d0".
+cout<<*r<<endl;// prints the content of the container that is pointing, it prints "Hello".
+
+stringother="world";
+r=&s;// r now points to another variable
+
+cout<<*r<<endl;// prints the content of the container that is pointing, it prints "world"
+
We covered briefly the void type when we covered data types. There are 2 main usages of void
void is used to specify that some function dont return anything to the caller.
voidFunction.cpp
// this function does not need to return anything
+// optionally you can use an empty `return` keyword without variable to break the flow early
+voiddoSomething(){
+// function body goes here
+return;// this line is optional, it can be used inside conditional do break early the function flow
+}
+
void* is used as a placeholder to store a pointer to anything in memory. Use this with extreme caution, because you can easily mess with it and lose track of the type or the conversion. The most common use are: - Access the raw content of a variable in memory; - Low-level raw memory allocation; - Placeholder to act as a pointer to anything;
rawpointer.cpp
#include<iostream>
+#include<iomanip>
+#include<bitset>
+usingnamespacestd;
+intmain()
+{
+// declare our data
+floatf=2.0f;
+// point without type that points to the memory location of `f`
+void*p=&f;
+// (int*) casts the void* to int*, so it can be understandable
+// * in front means that we want to fetch the content of what is pointing
+inti=*(int*)(p);
+cout<<hex<<i<<endl;// prints 40000000
+std::bitset<32>bits(i);
+cout<<bits<<endl;// prints 01000000000000000000000000000000
+return0;
+}
+
Pass-by-value is when the parameter declaration follows the traditional variable declaration without &. A copy of the value is made and passed to the function. Any changes made to the parameter inside the function have don't change on the original value outside the function.
#include<iostream>
+usingnamespacestd;
+voidtimes2(intx){
+x=x*2;
+// the value x here is doubled. but it dont change the value outside the scope
+}
+
+intmain()
+{
+inty=2;
+times2(y);// this dont change the value, it passes a copy to the function
+cout<<y<<endl;// output: 2
+return0;
+}
+
Pass-by-reference occurs when the function parameter uses the & in the parameter declaration. It will allow the function to modify the value of the parameter directly in the other scope, rather than making a copy of the value as it does with pass-by-value. The mechanism behind the variable passed is that it is an alias to the outer variable because it uses the same memory position.
#include<iostream>
+usingnamespacestd;
+voidtimes2(int&x){// by using &, x has the same address the variable passed where the function is called
+x*=2;// it will change the variable in caller scope
+}
+
+intmain(){
+inty=2;
+times2(y);
+cout<<y<<endl;// Outputs 4
+return0;
+}
+
Pass-by-pointer occurs when the function parameter uses the * in the parameter declaration. It will allow the function to modify the value of the parameter in the other scope via memory pointer, rather than making a copy of the value as it does with pass-by-value. The mechanism behind it is to pass the memory location of the outer variable as a parameter to the function.
#include<iostream>
+usingnamespacestd;
+voidtimes2(int*x){// by using *, x has the same address the variable passed where the function is called
+// x holds the address of the outer variable
+// *x is the content of what x points.
+*x*=2;// it will change the variable in caller scope
+}
+
+intmain(){
+inty=2;
+times2(&y);// the function expects a pointer, given pointer is an address, we pass the address of the variable here
+cout<<y<<endl;// Outputs 4
+return0;
+}
+
Functions can have default parameters that should be used if the parameter is not provided, making it optional.
defaultparam.cpp
#include<iostream>
+usingnamespacestd;
+
+voidgreet(stringusername="user"){
+cout<<"Hello "<<mes<<endl;
+}
+
+intmain(){
+// Prints "Hello user"
+greet();// the default parameter user is used here
+
+// Prints "Hello John"
+greet("John");
+
+return0;
+}
+
Scope is a region of the code where a identifier is accessible. A scope usually is specified by what is inside { and }. The global scope is the one that do not is inside any {}.
scope.cpp
#include<iostream>
+#include<string>
+usingnamespacestd;
+stringh="Hello";// this variable is in the global scope
+intmain(){
+stringw=" world";// this variable belongs to the scope of the main function
+cout<<h<<w<<endl;// both variables are visible and accessible
+return0;
+}
+
Multiple identifiers with same name can not be created in the same scope. But in a nested scope it is possible to shadow the outer one when declared in the inner scope.
variableShadowing.cpp
#include<iostream>
+#include<string>
+usingnamespacestd;
+stringh="Hello";// this variable is in the global scope
+intmain(){
+cout<<h;// will print "Hello"
+stringh=" world";// this will shadow the global variable with the same name h
+cout<<h;// will print " world"
+return0;
+}
+
In C++, an anonymous function is a function without a name. Anonymous functions are often referred to as lambda functions or just lambdas. They are useful for situations where you only need to use a function in one place, or when you don't want to give a name to a function for some other reason.
autolambda=[](intx,inty){returnx+y;};
+// auto lambda = [] (int x, int y) -> int { return x + y; }; // or you can specify the return type
+intz=lambda(1,2);// z is now 3
+
In this case the only variables accessible by the lambda function scope are the ones passed as parameter x and y, and works just like a normal function, but it can be declared inside at any scope.
If you want to make a variable available to the lambda, you can pass it via captures, and it can be by-value or by-reference. To capture a variable by value, just pass the variable name inside the []. To capture a variable by reference, you use the & operator followed by the variable name inside the []. Here is an example of capturing a variable by value:
intx=1;
+autolambda=[x]{returnx+1;};
+
The value of x is copied into the lambda function, and any changes to x inside the lambda function have no effect on the original variable.
Here is an example of capturing a variable by reference:
intx=1;
+autolambda=[&x]{returnx+1;};
+
The lambda function has direct access to the original variable, and any changes to x inside the lambda function are reflected in the original variable.
You can also capture multiple variables by separating them with a comma. For example:
This defines a lambda function that captures x by-value and y by-reference. The lambda function can modify y but not x.
Lambda captures are a useful feature of C++ that allow you to write more concise and expressive code. They can be especially useful when working with algorithms from the Standard Template Library (STL), where you often need to pass a function as an argument.
In order to capture everything automatically you can either capture by copy [=] or by reference [&].
// capture everything via copy
+intx=1,y=2;
+autolambda=[=]{
+// x += 1; // cannot be changed because it is read-only
+// y += 1; // cannot be changed because it is read-only
+returnx+y;
+};
+intc=lambda();// c will be 5, but x and y wont change their values
+
// capture everything via reference
+intx=1,y=2;
+autolambda=[&]{x+=1;y+=1;returnx+y;};
+intc=lambda();// c will be 5, x will be 2, and y will be 3.
+
In bigger projects, it is useful to split your code in multiple files isolating intention and organizing your code. To do so, you can create a header file with the extension .h and a source file with the extension .cpp. The header file will contain the declarations of the functions and the source file will contain the definitions of the functions. The header file will be included in the source file and the source file will be compiled together with the main file.
// Preprocessor directive (macro) to ensure that this header file is only included once
+#ifndef FUNCTIONS_H
+#define FUNCTIONS_H
+
+// Function declaration without body
+intsum(inta,intb);
+
+#endif
+
Alternatively, you can use #pragma once instead of #ifndef, #define end #endif to ensure that the header file is only included once. This is a non-standard preprocessor directive, but it is supported by most compilers. Ex.:
functions.h
// Preprocessor directive (macro) to ensure that this header file is only included once
+#pragma once
+
+// Function declaration without body
+intsum(inta,intb);
+
functions.cpp
// include the header file that contains the function declaration
+#include"functions.h"
+
+// function definition with body
+intsum(inta,intb){
+returna+b;
+}
+
In C++, the preprocessor is a text substitution tool. It runs before compiling the code. It scans a program for special commands called preprocessor directives, which begin with a # symbol. When it finds a preprocessor directive, it performs the specified text substitutions before the program is compiled.
The most common preprocessor directive is #include, which tells the preprocessor to include the contents of another file in the current file. The included file is called a header file, and commonly has a .h extension. For example:
#include<iostream>
+
Another extensively used macro is #define, which defines a macro. A macro is a symbolic name for a constant value or a small piece of code. For example:
#define PI 3.14159
+
It will replace all occurrences of PI with 3.14159 before compiling the code. But pay attention that is not recommended to use macros for constants, because they are not type safe and can cause unexpected behavior. It is recommended to declare const variable instead.
Hexadecimal converter. In this activity, you will have to code a way to find the convert to hexadecimal without using any std library to do it for you. DON'T USE std::hex.
It is expected for you to be able to solve all questions before this one 1957 on beecrowd. Sort Beecrowd questions from the most solved to the least solved questions here in the link. If you don't, see Troubleshooting. Don`t let your study pile up, this homework is just a small test, it is expected from you to do other questions on Beecrowd or any other tool such as leetcode.
If you have problems here, start a discussion. Nhis is publicly visible and not FERPA compliant. Use discussions in Canvas if you are enrolled in a class with me. Or visit the tutoring service.
At this point, you already are familiar with the iostream header. But we never discussed what it is properly. It is a basic stream and it has two static variable we already use: cin for reading variables from the console input and cout to output things to console, see details here. It is possible to interact with all streams via the >> and << operators.
But C++ have 2 other relevant streams that we need to cover: fstream and sstream.
File streams are streams that target files instead of the terminal console. The fstream header describes the file streams and the ways you can interact with it.
The main differences between console and file streams are: - You have to target the filesystem path for files because we can manage different files at the same, but for console, you only have one, so you dont need to target which console we are streaming. In order to not mess each target, you have to declare a different variable to store the target and state. - Files are persistent, so if you write something to them, and try to read from it again, the that will be there saved.
Files are a kind of resource managed by the operation system. So every time you request something to be read or write, behind the scenes you are requesting something to the operating system, and it can be slow or subject by lock control. When you open a file to be read or write, the OS locks it to avoid problems. You can open a file to be read multiple times simultaneously, but you cannot write more than once. So to avoid problems, after reading or writing the file, you should close the file.
#include<fstream>
+#include<iostream>
+#include<string>
+
+usingnamespacestd;
+
+intmain(){
+// Open the file
+// this file path is relative to the executable, so be assured it exists in the same folder the executable is placed
+// fin is the variablename and it is function initialized via a file path to target, but it can be any valid identifier
+// I am using fin as variable to follow the same metaphor `fin` as `file input` as we have with console input `cin`,
+ifstreamfin("file.txt");
+
+// Check if the file is open
+// it is a good practice to check if the file is really there before doing anything
+if(!fin.is_open()){
+cerr<<"Error opening file"<<endl;
+return1;// quits the program with an error code
+}
+
+// Read the contents of the file line by line
+stringline;
+// getline can target streams in general, so you can pass the file stream as a target
+while(getline(fin,line)){// while the file have lines, read and store the content inside the line variable
+cout<<line<<endl;// output each string into the console
+}
+
+// Close the file
+fin.close();
+
+return0;
+}
+
The sstream header describes string stream, which is a type of memory stream and is very useful to do string manipulation. For our intent, we aro going to focus 3 types of memory streams.
ostringstream: works just like cout but the content will printed to a memory region.
it is more efficient to build a complex string in this way than couting multiple times;
istringstream: works just like cin but it will read from a memory area.
it is safer to read from a closed memory area than, and you ran reset the reading pointer to re-read previous elements easier than with cin.
#include<iostream>
+#include<sstream>
+usingnamespacestd;
+intmain(){
+ostringstreamoss;// declare the output stream
+// print numbers from 0 to 100
+for(inti=0;i<=100;i++)
+oss<<i<<' ';// store the data into memory
+cout<<oss.str();// convert the stream into a string to be printed all at once
+}
+
#include<iostream>
+#include<sstream>
+usingnamespacestd;
+intmain(){
+// read input
+stringinput;
+getline(cin,input);
+
+// initialize string stream with the content from a console line
+istringstreamss(input);// declare the stream to read from
+
+// extract input
+stringname;
+stringcourse;
+stringgrade;
+
+iss>>name>>course>>grade;
+}
+
You can combine string stream and file stream to read a whole file and store into a single string.
#include<fstream>
+#include<iostream>
+#include<sstream>
+#include<string>
+
+usingnamespacestd;
+
+intmain(){
+// Open the file
+ifstreamfile("file.txt");
+
+// Check if the file is open
+if(!file.is_open()){
+cerr<<"Error opening file"<<endl;
+return1;
+}
+
+// Read the contents of the file into a stringstream
+stringstreamss;
+ss<<file.rdbuf();// read the whole file buffer and stores it into a string stream
+
+// Close the file
+file.close();
+
+// Convert the stringstream into a string
+stringcontents=ss.str();
+
+cout<<contents<<endl;// prints the whole file at once
+
+return0;
+}
+
You have the job of creating a small program to read a file image in the format PGMA and inverse the colors as a negative image.
You can test your code with different images if you want. You can download more images here. But here goes 2 examples:
Sample input easy: baboon.ascii.pgm - max intensity is not 255 and don't have comments.
Sample input harder: lena.ascii.pgm - have comments, and the max intensity is different than 255.
You can test if your output file is correct using this tool. You can open this file via any text reader, use the online viewer, or use any app that reads pnm images.
To create the inverse image, you should read the file header and search for the maximum intensity. You should use this number as a base to inverse. In the Lena case, it is 245.
You should pay attention that every line shouldn't be bigger than 70 chars;
Pay attention that the line 2 might exists or not. And any comment found in the file should be skipped.
The user should input the filename to be read. So you should store it into a string variable. The output filename should be the same as the input but with '.inverse' concatenated in the end. Ex.: lena.pgm becomes lena.inverse.pgm; If you find this too complicated, just concatenate with .inverse.pgm would be acceptable. ex.: lena.pgm becomes lena.pgm.inverse.pgm
In order for your program to find the file to be read, you should provide the fullpath to the file or simply put the file in the same folder your executable is.
HINT: In order to find comments and ignore them do something like that:
stringwidthstr;
+intwidth;
+fin>>widthstr;
+if(widthstr.at(0)=='#')
+getline(fin,widthstr);// ignore line
+else
+width=stoi(widthstr);// covert string to integer
+
An array is a collection of similar data items, stored in contiguous memory locations. The items in an array can be of any built-in data type such as int, float, char, etc. An array is defined using a syntax similar to declaring a variable, but with square brackets indicating the size of the array.
Here's an example of declaring an array of integers with a size of 5:
intarr[5];// declare an array of size 5 at the stack
+
The above declaration creates an array named arr of size 5, which means it can store 5 integers. The array elements are stored in contiguous memory locations, which means the next element is stored at the immediate next memory location. The first element of the array is stored at the 0th index, the second element at the 1st index, and so on up to 4. Between 0 an 4 all inclusive we have 5 elements.
This creates an array called "myArray" that can hold 5 integers. The first element of the array is accessed using the index 0, and the last element is accessed using the index 4. You can initialize the array elements during declaration by providing a comma-separated list of values enclosed in braces:
intmyArr[5]={10,20,30,40,50};// initialize the array with 5 elements
+
In this case, the first element of the array will be 10, the second element will be 20, and so on.
You can also use loops to iterate over the elements of an array and perform operations on them. For example:
for(inti=0;i<5;i++){
+myArray[i]*=2;
+}
+
This loop multiplies each element of the "myArray" by 2.
Arrays are a useful data structure in C++ because they allow you to store and manipulate collections of data in a structured way. However, they have some limitations, such as a fixed size that cannot be changed at runtime, and the potential for buffer overflow if you try to access elements beyond the end of the array.
A buffer overflow occurs when a program attempts to write more data to a fixed-size buffer than it can hold. This can happen when a program attempts to write more data to a buffer than the buffer can hold, or when a program attempts to read more data from a buffer than the buffer contains. This can happen when a program attempts to write more data to a buffer than the buffer can hold, or when a program attempts to read more data from a buffer than the buffer contains.
A buffer overflow can be caused by a number of different factors, including:
A program that attempts to write more data to a buffer than the buffer can hold
A program that attempts to read more data from a buffer than the buffer contains
Buffer overflow vulnerabilities are a common type of security vulnerability, as they can be exploited by malicious attackers to execute arbitrary code or gain unauthorized access to a system. To prevent buffer overflow vulnerabilities, it's important to carefully manage memory allocation and use bounds checking functions or techniques such as using safe C++ library functions like std::vector or std::array, and ensuring that input data is properly validated and sanitized.
A multi-dimensional array is an array of arrays. For example, a 2-dimensional array is an array of arrays, where each element of the array is itself an array. A 3-dimensional array is an array of 2-dimensional arrays, where each element of the array is itself a 2-dimensional array. And so on.
For example, to declare a two-dimensional array with 3 rows and 4 columns of integers, you would use the following code:
intarr[3][4];// Declare a 2-dimensional array with 3 rows and 4 columns at the stack
+
You can access elements in a multidimensional array using multiple sets of square brackets. For example, to access the element at row 2 and column 3 of myArray, you would use the following code:
intelement=myArray[1][2];// Access the element at row 2 and column 3
+
In C++, you can have arrays with any number of dimensions, but keep in mind that as the number of dimensions increases, it becomes more difficult to manage and visualize the data.
In some cases, you dont know the size of the array at compile time. In this case, you can use dynamic memory allocation to allocate the array at runtime. This is done using the new operator, which allocates a block of memory on the heap and returns a pointer to the beginning of the block. For example, to allocate an array of 5 integers on the heap, you would use the following code:
int*arr=newint[5];// Allocate a block of memory on the heap
+
The above code allocates a block of memory on the heap that is large enough to hold 5 integers. The new operator returns a pointer to the beginning of the block, which is assigned to the pointer variable arr. You can then use the pointer to access the elements of the array. You can access individual elements of the array using the array subscript notation:
When you are done using the array, you should free the memory using the delete operator. For example, to free the memory allocated to the array in the previous example, you would use the following code:
delete[]arr;// Free the memory by telling the operation system you are done with it
+arr=nullptr;// Reset the pointer to null to avoid dangling pointers and other bugs
+
The delete operator takes a pointer to the beginning of the block of memory to free. The [] operator is used to indicate that the block of memory contains an array, and that the delete operator should free the entire array.
In the case of dynamically allocate memory for a multidimensional array, first you have to understand that in the same way you can have an array of arrays, you can have a pointer to a pointer. This is called a double pointer. So, if you want to allocate a 2-dimensional array dynamically, you can do it like this:
intlines,columns;
+cin>>lines>>columns;
+int**arr=newint*[lines];// Allocate an array of pointers to pointers
+for(inti=0;i<lines;i++){
+arr[i]=newint[columns];// Allocate an array of integers for each pointer
+}
+// do stuff with the array
+for(inti=0;i<lines;i++){
+delete[]arr[i];// Free the memory for each array of integers
+}
+delete[]arr;// Free the memory for the array of pointers
+
You probably noticed the number of bugs and vulnerabilities that can be caused by improper memory management. To help address that, C++ introduced smart pointers. The general purpose smart contract you will be mostly using is shared_ptr that in the end of the scope and when all references to it become 0 will automatically free the memory. The other smart pointers are unique_ptr and weak_ptr that are used in more advanced scenarios. But for now, we will focus on shared_ptr.
In C++11, smart pointers were introduced to help manage memory allocation and deallocation. Smart pointers are classes that wrap a pointer to a dynamically allocated object and provide additional features such as automatic memory management. The most commonly used smart pointers are std::unique_ptr and std::shared_ptr. The std::unique_ptr class is a smart pointer that owns and manages another object through a pointer and disposes of that object when the std::unique_ptr goes out of scope. The std::shared_ptr class is a smart pointer that retains shared ownership of an object through a pointer. Several std::shared_ptr objects may own the same object. The object is destroyed and its memory deallocated when either of the following happens:
the last remaining std::shared_ptr owning the object is:
destroyed
is assigned another pointer via operator= or reset()
is reset or released
moved from
is swapped with another std::shared_ptr using swap()
the function std::shared_ptr::swap() is called with the last remaining std::shared_ptr owning the object as an argument
the object is no longer reachable from the program (for example, when the program terminates)
the program:
throws an exception that is not caught within the same thread
calls terminating calls such as std::terminate(), std::abort(), std::exit(), or std::quick_exit()
To create a dynamic array of int using shared pointers, you can use the std::shared_ptr class template. Here's an example:
#include<memory> // for std::shared_ptr
+std::shared_ptr<int[]>arr(newint[5]);
+
This creates a shared pointer to an array of 5 integers. The new int[5] expression dynamically allocates memory for the array on the heap, and the shared pointer takes ownership of the memory. When the shared pointer goes out of scope, the memory is automatically freed.
You can access individual elements of the array using the array subscript notation, just like with a regular C-style array:
To deallocate the memory, you don't need to call delete[] explicitly, because the shared pointer takes care of it automatically. When the last shared pointer that points to the array goes out of scope or is explicitly reset, the memory is deallocated automatically:
arr.reset();// deallocates the memory and reset the shared pointer to null to avoid dangling pointers and other bugs
+
Shared pointers provide a convenient and safe way to manage dynamic memory in C++, because they automatically handle memory allocation and deallocation, and help prevent memory leaks and dangling pointers.
Smart pointers are no silver bullet. They are not a replacement for proper memory management, but they can help you avoid common memory management bugs and vulnerabilities. For example, smart pointers can help you avoid memory leaks, dangling pointers, and double frees. They can also help you avoid buffer overflow vulnerabilities by providing bounds checking functions.
You can pass arrays to functions in C++ in the same way that you pass any other variable to a function. For example, to pass an array to a function, you would use the following code:
voidprintArray(intarr[],intsize)// Pass the array by reference to avoid copying the entire array
+{
+for(inti=0;i<size;++i)
+std::cout<<arr[i]<<' ';
+std::cout<<'\n';
+}
+
Alternativelly you can pass the array as a pointer:
If you want to pass a two dimension array, you can do it in multiple ways:
voidprintArray(introws,intcolumns,int**arr);// Pass the array as a pointer of pointers
+
This approach is problematic as you can see it in depth here. It does not check for types and it is not safe. You can also pass the array as a pointer to an array:
voidprintArray(introws,intarr[][10]);// if you know the number of columns and it is fixed, in this case 10
+
voidprintArray(introws,int(*arr)[10]);// if you know the number of columns and it is fixed, in this case 10
+
voidprintArray(intarr[10][10]);// if you know the number of rows and columns and they are fixed, in this case both 10
+
There is others ways to pass arrays to functions, such as templates but they are more advanced and we will not cover them now.
Those are the most common data structures that you will be using in C++. But it is outside the scope of this course to cover them in depth. So we will only give entry-points for you to learn more about them.
If you are using fixed sized arrays, and want to be safe to avoid problems related to out of bounds, you should use the STL arrays. It is a template class that encapsulates fixed size arrays and adds protections for it. It is a safer alternative to C-style arrays. Read more about it here.
Vectors are the safest way to deal with dynamic arrays in C++, the cpp core guideline even states that you should use it whenever you can. Vector is implemented in the standard template library and provide a lot of useful functions. Read more about them here.
Recursion is a method of solving problems where the solution depends on solutions to smaller instances of the same problem. It is a common technique used in computer science, and is one of the central ideas of functional programming. Let's explore recursion by looking at some examples.
You have to be aware that recursion isn't always the best solution for a problem. Sometimes it can be more efficient to use a loop and a producer-consumer strategy instead of recursion. But, in some cases, recursion is the more elegant solution.
When you call functions inside functions, the compiler will store the return point, value and variables on the stack, and it has limited size. Each time you call a function, it is added to the top of the stack. When the function returns, it is removed from the top of the stack. The last function to be called is the first to be returned. This is called the call stack. A common source of problems in programming is when the call stack gets too big. This is called a stack overflow. This is why you should be careful when using recursion.
The Fibonacci numbers are a sequence of numbers where each number is the sum of the two numbers before it. The constraints are: the first number is 0, the second number is 1, it only run on integers and it is not negative. The sequence looks like this:
intfibonacci(intn){
+// base case
+if(n==0||n==1)
+returnn;
+else// recursive case
+returnfibonacci(n-1)+fibonacci(n-2);
+}
+
Divide and conquer is a method of solving problems by breaking them down into smaller subproblems. It is extensively used to reduce the complexity of some algorithms and increase readability.
Imagine that you already have a sorted array of numbers and you want to find the location of a specific number in that array. You can use a binary search to find it. The binary search works by dividing the array in half and checking if the number you are looking for is in the first half or the second half. If it is in the first half, you repeat the process with the first half of the array. If it is in the second half, you repeat the process with the second half of the array. You keep doing this until you find the number or you know that it is not in the array.
// recursive binary search on a sorted array to return the position of a number
+intbinarySearch(intarr[],intstart,intend,intnumber){
+// base case
+if(start>end)
+return-1;// number not found
+else{
+// recursive case
+intmid=(start+end)/2;
+// return the middle if wi find the number
+if(arr[mid]==number)
+returnmid;
+// if the number is smaller than the middle, search in left side
+elseif(arr[mid]>number)
+returnbinarySearch(arr,start,mid-1,number);
+// if the number is bigger than the middle, search in right side
+else
+returnbinarySearch(arr,mid+1,end,number);
+}
+}
+
Binary search plays a fundamental role in Newton's method, which is a method to find and approximate the result of complex mathematical functions such as the square root of a number. Binary-sort is extensively used in sorting algorithms such as quick sort and merge sort.
TODO: Note for my furune self: add complete example of how to use those algorithms
Sorting are algorithms that put elements of a list in a certain order. It is cruxial to understand the basics of sorting in order to start understanding more complex algorithms and why you have to pay attention to efficiency.
Before going deep, please watch this video:
SEIZURE WARNING!!
and this one:
Explore the concepts interactively at visualgo.net.
Try to answer the following questions, before continuing:
What are the slowest sorting algorithms?
What are the fastest sorting algorithms?
Con you infer the difference between a stable and unstable sorting algorithm?
What is the difference between a comparison and a non-comparison sorting algorithm?
What would be an in-place and a non-in-place sorting algorithm?
What is the difference between a recursive and a non-recursive sorting algorithm?
Many of the algorithms will have to swap elements from the array, vector or list. In order to do that, we will need to create a function that swaps two elements. Here is the function:
// A function to swap two elements
+voidswap(int*xp,int*yp){
+inttemp=*xp;
+*xp=*yp;
+*yp=temp;
+}
+
The * operator used in the function signature means that the function will receive a pointer to an integer. So it will efectivelly change the content in another scope. The * operator is used to dereference a pointer, which means that it will return the value stored in the memory address pointed by the pointer. Given the declaration is int *xp, the *xp will return the value stored in the memory address pointed by xp.
Alternatively you could use the & operator to pass the reference to that variable in the similar fashion, but the usage wont be requiring the * before the variable name as follows:
// A function to swap two elements
+voidswap(int&xp,int&yp){
+inttemp=xp;
+xp=yp;
+yp=temp;
+}
+
The result is the same, but the usage is different. The first one is more common in C++, while the second one is more common in C.
Bubble sort is the simplest sorting algorithm that works by repeatedly swapping the adjacent elements if they are in wrong order.
// A function to implement bubble sort
+voidbubbleSort(intarr[],intn){
+// if the array has only one element, it is already sorted
+if(n<=1)
+return;
+
+inti,j;
+for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
+// Last i elements are already in place
+for(j=0;j<n-i-1;j++)
+if(arr[j]>arr[j+1])
+swap(&arr[j],&arr[j+1]);
+}
+
As you can see, the algorithm is very simple, but it is not very efficient. It has a time complexity of O(n^2) and a space complexity of O(1).
One of the drawbacks of this algorithm is the sheer amount of swaps. In the worst scenario, it does n^2 swaps, which is a lot. If your machine have slow writes, it will be very slow.
Insertion sort is a simple sorting algorithm that works the way we sort playing cards in our hands. You pick one card and insert it in the correct position in the sorted part of the list. You repeat this process until you have sorted the whole list. Here is the code:
// A function to implement insertion sort
+voidinsertionSort(intarr[],intn){
+// if the array has only one element, it is already sorted
+if(n<=1)
+return;
+
+inti,key,j;
+for(i=1;i<n;i++){
+key=arr[i];
+j=i-1;
+
+/* Move elements of arr[0..i-1], that are
+ greater than key, to one position ahead
+ of their current position */
+while(j>=0&&arr[j]>key){
+arr[j+1]=arr[j];
+j=j-1;
+}
+arr[j+1]=key;
+}
+}
+
It falls in the same category of algorithms that are very simple, but not very efficient. It has a time complexity of O(n^2) and a space complexity of O(1).
Although it have the same complexity as bubble sort, it is a little bit more efficient. It does less swaps than bubble sort, but it is still not very efficient. It will swap all numbers to the left of the current number, which is a lot of swaps.
Selection sort is a simple sorting algorithm. This sorting algorithm is an in-place comparison-based algorithm in which the list is divided into two parts, the sorted part at the left end and the unsorted part at the right end. Initially, the sorted part is empty and the unsorted part is the entire list. The smallest element is selected from the unsorted array and swapped with the leftmost element, and that element becomes a part of the sorted array. This process continues moving unsorted array boundary by one element to the right. Here is the code:
// A function to implement selection sort
+voidselectionSort(intarr[],intn){
+// if the array has only one element, it is already sorted
+if(n<=1)
+return;
+
+inti,j,min_idx;
+
+// One by one move boundary of unsorted subarray
+for(i=0;i<n-1;i++){
+// Find the minimum element in unsorted array
+min_idx=i;
+for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
+if(arr[j]<arr[min_idx])
+min_idx=j;
+
+// Swap the found minimum element with the first element
+swap(&arr[min_idx],&arr[i]);
+}
+}
+
It is also a simple algorithm, but it is a little bit more efficient than the previous two. It has a time complexity of O(n^2) and a space complexity of O(1).
It does less swaps than the previous two algorithms, potentially n swaps, but it is still not very efficient. It selects for the current position, the smallest number to the right of it and swaps it with the current number. It does this for every number in the list, which fatally a lot of swaps.
Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm. It divides input array in two halves, calls itself for the two halves and then merges the two sorted halves. Here is the code:
// recursive merge sort
+voidmergeSort(intarr[],intl,intr){
+if(l<r){
+// Same as (l+r)/2, but avoids overflow for
+// large l and h
+intm=l+(r-l)/2;
+
+// Sort first and second halves
+mergeSort(arr,l,m);
+mergeSort(arr,m+1,r);
+
+merge(arr,l,m,r);
+}
+}
+
+// merge function
+voidmerge(intarr[],intl,intm,intr){
+inti,j,k;
+intn1=m-l+1;
+intn2=r-m;
+
+// allocate memory for the sub arrays
+int*L=newint[n1];
+int*R=newint[n2];
+
+/* Copy data to temp arrays L[] and R[] */
+for(i=0;i<n1;i++)
+L[i]=arr[l+i];
+for(j=0;j<n2;j++)
+R[j]=arr[m+1+j];
+
+/* Merge the temp arrays back into arr[l..r]*/
+i=0;// Initial index of first subarray
+j=0;// Initial index of second subarray
+k=l;// Initial index of merged subarray
+while(i<n1&&j<n2){
+if(L[i]<=R[j]){
+arr[k]=L[i];
+i++;
+}
+else{
+arr[k]=R[j];
+j++;
+}
+k++;
+}
+
+/* Copy the remaining elements of L[], if there are any */
+while(i<n1){
+arr[k]=L[i];
+i++;
+k++;
+}
+
+/* Copy the remaining elements of R[], if there
+ are any */
+while(j<n2){
+arr[k]=R[j];
+j++;
+k++;
+}
+
+// deallocate memory
+delete[]L;
+delete[]R;
+}
+
It is a very efficient algorithm that needs extra memory to work. It has a time complexity of O(n*log(n)) and a space complexity of O(n). It is a very efficient algorithm, but it is not very simple. It is quite more complex than the previous algorithms. It is a divide and conquer algorithm, which means that it divides the problem in smaller problems and solves them. It divides the list in two halves, sorts them and then merges them. It does this recursively until it has a list of size 1, which is sorted. Then it merges the lists and returns the sorted list.
Quick sort is a divide and conquer algorithm. It picks an element as pivot and partitions the given array around the picked pivot. Here is the code:
// recursive quick sort
+voidquickSort(intarr[],intlow,inthigh){
+if(low<high){
+/* pi is partitioning index, arr[p] is now
+ at right place */
+intpi=partition(arr,low,high);
+
+// Separately sort elements before
+// partition and after partition
+quickSort(arr,low,pi-1);
+quickSort(arr,pi+1,high);
+}
+}
+
+// partition function
+intpartition(intarr[],intlow,inthigh){
+intpivot=arr[high];// pivot
+inti=(low-1);// Index of smaller element
+
+for(intj=low;j<=high-1;j++){
+// If current element is smaller than or
+// equal to pivot
+if(arr[j]<=pivot){
+i++;// increment index of smaller element
+swap(&arr[i],&arr[j]);
+}
+}
+swap(&arr[i+1],&arr[high]);
+return(i+1);
+}
+
It is a very efficient algorithm that don't needs extra memory, which means it is in-place. In average, it can be as fast as mergesort with time complexity of O(n*log(n)), but in the worst case it can be as slow as O(n^2). But it is a better choice if you are not allowed to use extra memory. It is a divide and conquer algorithm, which means that it divides the problem in smaller problems and solves them. It selects a pivot and partitions the list around the pivot. It does this recursively until it has a list of size 1, which is sorted. Then it merges the lists and returns the sorted list.
Counting sort is a specialized algorithm for sorting numbers. It only works well if you have a small range of numbers. It counts the number of occurrences of each number and then uses the count to place the numbers in the right position. Here is the code:
// counting sort
+voidcountingSort(intarr[],intn){
+// if the array has only one element, it is already sorted
+if(n<=1)
+return;
+
+intmax=arr[0];
+intmin[0];
+
+// find the max and min number
+for(inti=0;i<n;i++){
+if(arr[i]>max){
+max=arr[i];
+}
+if(arr[i]<min){
+min=arr[i];
+}
+}
+
+// allocate memory for the count array
+int*count=newint[max-min+1];
+
+// initialize the count array
+for(inti=0;i<max-min+1;i++){
+count[i]=0;
+}
+
+// count the number of occurrences of each number
+for(inti=0;i<n;i++){
+count[arr[i]-min]++;
+}
+
+// place the numbers in the right position
+intj=0;
+for(inti=0;i<max-min+1;i++){
+while(count[i]>0){
+arr[j]=i+min;
+j++;
+count[i]--;
+}
+}
+
+// deallocate memory
+delete[]count;
+}
+
Counting sort is a very efficient sorting algorithm which do not rely on comparisons. It has a time complexity of O(n+k) where k is the range of numbers. Space complexity is O(k) which means it is not an in-place sorting algorithm. It is a very efficient algorithm, but it is not very simple. It counts the number of occurrences of each number and then uses the count to place the numbers in the right position.
Radix sort is a specialized algorithm for sorting numbers. It only works well if you have a small range of numbers. It sorts the numbers by their digits. Here is the code:
// Radix sort
+voidradixSort(intarr[],intn){
+// if the array has only one element, return
+if(n<=1)
+return;
+
+// initialize the max number as the first number.
+intmax=arr[0];
+
+// find the max number
+for(inti=0;i<n;i++){
+if(arr[i]>max){
+max=arr[i];
+}
+}
+
+// allocate memory for the count array
+int*count=newint[10];// 10 digits
+
+// allocate memory for the output array
+int*output=newint[n];
+
+// do counting sort for every digit
+for(intexp=1;max/exp>0;exp*=10){
+// initialize the count array
+for(inti=0;i<10;i++){
+count[i]=0;
+}
+
+// count the number of occurrences of each number
+for(inti=0;i<n;i++){
+count[(arr[i]/exp)%10]++;
+}
+
+// change count[i] so that count[i] now contains actual position of this digit in output[]
+for(inti=1;i<10;i++){
+count[i]+=count[i-1];
+}
+
+// build the output array
+for(inti=n-1;i>=0;i--){
+output[count[(arr[i]/exp)%10]-1]=arr[i];
+count[(arr[i]/exp)%10]--;
+}
+
+// copy the output array to the input array
+for(inti=0;i<n;i++){
+arr[i]=output[i];
+}
+}
+}
+
Radix sort is just a counting sort that is applied to every digit. It has a time complexity of O(n*k) where k is the number of digits.
This is the first time we will talk about efficiency, and for now on, you will start evaluating and taking care about your algorithms' efficiency. You will learn more about efficiency in the next semester and course when we cover data structures.
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+add_subdirectory(04-conditionals)
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+ Intro to Programming - Awesome GameDev Resources
This is a work in progress, and the schedule is subject to change. Every change will be communicated in class. Use the github repo as the source of truth for the schedule and materials. The materials provided in canvas are just a copy for archiving purposes and might be outdated.
A game developer portfolio is a collection of materials that showcase a game developer's skills, experience, and accomplishments. It is typically used by game developers to demonstrate their abilities to potential employers, clients, or partners, and may include a variety of materials such as:
A resume or CV: This should highlight your education, work experience, and skills relevant to game development.
Examples of your work: This can include demos, prototypes, or completed games that you have developed or contributed to. It's a good idea to include links to any online versions of your work, as well as screenshots or video trailers.
A portfolio website: Many game developers choose to create a website specifically for their portfolio, which can include additional information about their skills and experience, as well as links to their work.
Blogs, articles, or other writing: If you have written about game development or related topics, you may want to include these in your portfolio to show your knowledge and expertise.
Testimonials or references: Including positive feedback from clients or colleagues can help to demonstrate the quality of your work.
Overall, a game developer portfolio should be designed to demonstrate your abilities and accomplishments in a clear and concise way, and should be tailored to the specific needs and goals of the person or organization you are presenting it to.
Building a portfolio is not only about you, it is about making the life easier of the ones interested on you by giving insights if they should hire you, follow you or anything else. In order to make people understand you, you have to know yourself better.
Who are you, what you excel and what do you enjoy doing?¶
In your portfolio, you will have to express yourself in a way that others can understand who you are, and it can be challenging for some. In order do help you discover who you are, what you excel, and what do you really enjoy doing. I will be briefly vague here to point some emotional support and reasoning to help you answer the question. If you are clear about that, please skip this entire section. Here goes a small amount of advices I wish I have heard when I was young.
IkigaiNote
The above image links to a very good reference to understand the drives that you should be aware while taking decisions on your future career. Visit it.
You are a complex being and hard to define. I know. It is hard to put yourself in a frame or box, but this process is relevant to make the life of the others to evaluate if they want more you or not. If for some reason a person is reading your portfolio, it means that you are ahead of the others, so you must respect their time and goals while they are reading your content.
What you do, do not define what you are, you can even work with something you dont love as long it is part of a bigger plan. Given that, you have to know how to differentiate yourself from your work while respecting your feelings. The sweet spot is when you mix who you are with what you do, and you have nice feelings about it. But this can be hard to achieve and require maturity to mix things. If you dont have a clear understand of those aspects of yourself, you will be subjected to be exploited by bad companies and managers.
It is totally fine try to excel some job you are not passionate. You just have to find means to make your time doing it as enjoyable as possible. In the end of the journey it will slowly become something you can be proud of, and you will become a different person than the one you are now. Understanding this kind of mentality will help you endure more and be more resilient to problems.
Keep track of your progress towards your goal. First of all, have a clear goal, so you can build a path to it. Otherwise, any path would sound just like any other apathetic path. Having a clear goal will make your path shine and easy to choose. It will help you in difficult moments where you feel uncomfortable by being just a small piece of a machinery. You will be able to act as part of machine while you need to achieve your goal as a necessary step.
Focus on always keep track on your evolution on your journey to excellence. Don't compare too much yourself to the others, everyone is facing a different journey and everyone took different paths in their career that probably you didn't have the option to chose in the past. But you cannot be uncritical either, you have to analyse your progress and check if your current path is making you life good, you have to take a decision to change the plan or even the goal with the new information you learned through the current path you are pursuing.
In other point of view, you wont start your career as senior developer, so you have to build your own path. Making mistakes is part of the process, and that is the reason you will be gradually exposed to big things. You should accept yourself, don't push too hard, and do some basic stuff. Just accept the challenges of doing something not fancy, but relevant to build your career.
In order to build a good portfolio, you will need to gather information about yourself and your work. In the process you will discover yourself. It will feels like looking to a mirror for the first time.
If you didnt published yot your projects on itchio, github, or any other platform, now it is a good moment for doing it. Pay attention that if you are going to share your code publicly, you have to avoid sharing content that do not belong to you. In other words, avoid copyright infringements.
It is a good practice to always take screenshots, use web archive or any means to prove what you are stating. Some games got lost in time, they die or become unavailable in the long term.
Personal advice
In my case, we developed a very successful game in the past, and because of some problems with investors and judicial dispute, we had to shut down the game. But it was one of the most successful games in that year, it was nominated to Unity Awards and it was the most downloaded racing game. The only things that I can showcase now are print-screens, recorded videos and web-archive pages. So it is something that can make you survive the questions.
A good way to express your work is to show it in a form of videos, or photos. If your game is small enough to be embedded, or you can strip the most relevant part of it and built for web(webgl, wasm etc), try to publish the relevant part of it online, but do not over-do it, because it will take too much time to craft a good interaction.
I usually search domains here and buy on wherever is cheaper, usually here
Find a good portfolio to follow;
Design the scaffold / wireframe of what you want to show;
Gather the data you want to show;
Think on catchphrases and call to actions.
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What things you judge as good and you are aiming to follow and target. Add images as reference using print-screens uploaded to image hosting services such as imgur or others;
The other student willing to do multiple assessment for the same portfolio, just create an entry in the index following the same structure and same the assessment differently in this case, we put number 2. And use the same structure on the 1.
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+ Case Study - Awesome GameDev Resources
Start setting up your Github pages. We are going to use github pages mostly for two intentions: Webpage hosting for your portfolio and Demo project hosting.
For your webpage, you can develop something from ground up using your preferred web framework and we are going to show you how to do it, but the fastest way is to just follow any template. Here goes a bunch of open sourced developer portfolios you can fork and modify for your intent. https://github.com/topics/developer-portfolio?l=html . Try to take a look on them and check if you want to fork any of them. So in this activity you will have to fork and try to run a clone of a portfolio you like just to got into some action and discover how things work.
Find a developer portfolio on github
Fork it
Clone in your machine
Make some changes
Build it
Deploy it to gh-pages either via automated ci/cd or via publishing a build from a empty branch or the main one
For project demo, game, or whatever interaction you want to allow the user to do, I built some boilerplates for you. Later on, you will be able to embed those webgl/html5 builds into your portfolio, so it is a good moment for you to start doing it now. As extras, optionally you can add badges for your repo from here: https://shields.io/
In order to showcase your ability to build something from ground up, this repo holds a boilerplate with C++, SDL2, IMGUI, SDL2IMAGE, SDL2TTF, SDL2MIXER, CI/CD automation for automatic deployment: https://github.com/InfiniBrains/SDL2-CPM-CMake-Example
fork it
go to the repo settings, actions, general, in the bottom, enable workflow permission, read and write, save
run github action at least once
enable actions and automatic page deployment from a branch gh-pages
If you enjoy AI programming and want to test yourself, you can try forking this repo and implement what is inside the examples folder https://github.com/InfiniBrains/mobagen
fork it
run github action at least once
enable actions and automatic page deployment from a branch gh-pages
get the signed licence and copy the text content to your clipboard
go to your repo settings, security, secrets and variables, actions and setup a new repository secret with the name 'UNITY_LICENSE' and the content from your clipboard
go to the repo settings, actions, general, in the bottom, enable workflow permission, read and write, save
run the main action
enable actions and automatic page deployment from a branch gh-pages
This class is totally up to you. Here goes what you should do in class and finish at home. The idea is for you to feel a whole process on how to create merge and pull requests to a public repo.
Search a good portfolio published online
use Twitter, LinkedIn, Google to search for good game developer portfolios;
Chose carefully what to you use as a head of your page. It is the first thing a person reads. It can be an impactful message, a headline, personal statement, background video or very limited interactive section.
Note
Avoid bravado. You can be bold without being naive. Let the bravado statements for when you become a senior. If you write bravados right in the begining of your portifolio and you are still a junior, you are just communicating that you will be hard to work with. A senior developer reading your portfolio is more interested in developers eager to learn, humble, and looking for guidance so they will have a easier life hiring you.
This is a summary obout yourself, be brief and achievement oriented. What and who you are. Contact info via social medias. State your working status and target. If you are a narrative centred person, you can create something fancy here, but dont over-do, less is more!
You can showcase your personal work, a job you make for a client(if authorized).
Projects
It is a good practice to showcase only the best works you made. You might find interesting to add more than 5, but there are chances of your reader clicking exactly on the worst one and have a bad first impression of you. In your showcase section, avoid showcasing bad work. Invite some of your friends to help you select the best ones to showcase.
Ability
Avoid using percentage graphs to showcase your proficiency on specific tech stack or tool. The main reason is: how do you grade of your ability as 80%, 100% or 30%? Worse than that, how can the reader be sure of that? If you want to do that, it is better to apply for certificates, there are plenty on linkedin or specialized sites.
Explicitly state what people should expect if they contact you and what they can expect from your return. Ex.: If you aim to be a freelance, state your offer and ask for them to briefly state the job activity, time frame and the rate they are willing to pay. If you are looking for a full-time position, the most common way is to just share your email, so they can contact you.
Another option is to list all of your social medias, but dont overuse this. Nowadays we have a bunch of them, so if you list all of them, there is chances, you are not active there and the link will guide the reader to a empty and haunted house and they will not engage.
[Optional]Create a wireframe draft of what you are going to do on figma, miro or any other tool you find relevant. If you already have a Portfolio page already set, try to think on how do you make it be responsive on mobile devices.
Scaffold your project in github. Describe in the README.md what you are going to do in your demo. You might try to convince a colleague to work with you. You can do more than one demo if you want. Some examples:
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+ Communication - Awesome GameDev Resources
Having a well-written and organized portfolio is important for any game developer, as it can help them stand out from the competition and demonstrate their skills and experience to potential employers. A good portfolio should clearly communicate the developer's strengths and accomplishments, and should be tailored to the specific needs and expectations of the audience.
Effective communication is crucial in building a strong game developer portfolio, as it allows the developer to clearly convey their skills and experiences to potential employers. A portfolio that is well-written and easy to understand will be more effective at convincing an employer to hire the developer, while a poorly written or poorly organized portfolio may have the opposite effect.
If you are applying for a big tech company, chances are your submission won't be read by a tech person the first human triage. So in order to pass this first filter, you have to be generic and precise. They are often very busy evaluating multiple applications, and probably they will spend 30-60 seconds before making the decision about moving forward in the process or not. Your portfolio will need to catch their attention and communicate clearly your fit, passion and ability in a short time frame.
In contrast with HR, developer managers probably will not be shocked with any fancy stuff(such as full page pre-loaders) you add to your portfolio, so be concise and straight to the point, because most of them already know all the contents. From all of your portfolio readers, they are one of the most critique of your job.
In another hand, usually developers do not look for programming language fit, frameworks or tools you use. They are more interested if you will be able to learn and execute the job in a meaningful time. So try to express yourself in a way that showcase your ability to solve problems, no matter what problem is, they are mostly curious on how to solve complex problem by framing the problem in another way or how to be innovative.
The following metrics can be evaluated by reading your portfolio, interviews or tests. The most common evaluation metrics they made are: - Position Fit - They are going to search if your portfolio showcase experience in the same area of what they are looking for the specific position they received. Usually they will look for specific keywords for the requirements list; - Company fit - They take count on your expressed ideas, stated goals, tone, alignment and supporting projects to evaluate your future evolution inside the company; ex. https://wa.aws.amazon.com/wat.pillars.wa-pillars.en.html - Passion - Passionate developers tend to express projects they are proud of. The description of the projects are mostly achievement-based. Ex.: more than X million downloads. This example showcases that you were part of something huge, and it is easily understandable. - There is a high correlation on high performant people that they usually shine in side-projects or even hobbies. So they look for it. Ex.: Google encourages employees to devote 20% of their time to hobbies or skill-building. - Competence - They need to evaluate if you are really able to solve the problem properly, in a meaningful time, and in a team. You have to describe which tools, tech stack and how you glue everything in order to solve the problem. Be assured you are correctly expressing yourself here, because it is one of the central part that is not taken superficially. - Innovation and Curiosity - Innovative developers solve problems out of the box. It doesn't matter how complex the problem is, but if you solve in a innovative way, reframe it or do any magic to solve it, chances are to have good points here; - Good companies incentives research and test new stuff. So they usually like to see your deliverables with new bleeding-edge technology tools. - Proactiveness - Usually the more proactive developers tend to have more leadership positions. So if you want to give the readers a glimpse of your ability in this area, a good place to showcase that is in project description section. Express problems that arise and how do you manage that before it become a real problem. - Learner - It is good to be always tuned with the current evolution of the technology, so try to keep the education section always updated with some courses or publish blog posts about some new tech. - Thoughtfulness - Risk management - Thinking big
Write the content for each one of your projects and all other sections of your portfolio.
1st round of Portfolio Feedbacks.
Research in a game company you like the resources on their hiring process. Take notes on how they hire and which positions you want to apply. Here goes some examples on how to get ready for interviews:
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+ Strategies to get hired - Awesome GameDev Resources
Ask some questions for ChatGPT. Here goes a sample extracted from this prompt:
Create a strategy to get hired on a AAA game studio as a game programmer
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1. Develop the right skills: The first step to getting hired in a AAA game studio is to develop the right skills for the job. Start by researching the job positions in the studio and look for the required skills, experience, and qualifications. Then, focus on building those skills through relevant education, training, and projects. You can also take courses, attend workshops or conferences, and create a portfolio of your work to showcase your abilities. 2. Network with industry professionals: Networking with industry professionals can help you gain exposure and insights into the game development industry. Attend industry events, join online forums, participate in game development communities, and reach out to professionals in the field to build relationships. You can also consider working on collaborative projects with other game developers to expand your network. 3. Stay up-to-date with industry trends: Keeping up with the latest trends and news in the gaming industry can help you stay ahead of the game and impress your potential employers. Read industry blogs, participate in online discussions, follow industry influencers on social media, and stay up-to-date with the latest game releases to show that you are knowledgeable and passionate about the industry. 4. Research the game studio: Before applying for a job, research the game studio to learn about their culture, values, and work environment. Look for information about their current projects, the team structure, and the company's mission statement. This will help you tailor your resume and cover letter to match the company's requirements and demonstrate that you are a good fit for the team. 5. Apply for internships: Consider applying for internships in a AAA game studio. This is an excellent opportunity to gain industry experience and build your skills. Even if the internship is unpaid, the experience and contacts you gain could be invaluable for your future career. 6. Prepare for the interview: Once you get an interview, make sure to prepare thoroughly. Research common interview questions and practice your responses. Be ready to talk about your experience, skills, and passion for game development. Also, prepare questions to ask the interviewer about the company and the job position to show your interest and enthusiasm.
Write a strategy to get hired as a Game Programmer in a Indie Game Studio
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1. Develop a strong portfolio: Your portfolio is your calling card, so it needs to showcase your programming skills, creativity, and technical abilities. Create a portfolio that showcases your best work, including your personal game development projects, demos, and samples of your code. Highlight your experience with programming languages, software, tools, and engines that are commonly used in the indie game development industry. 2. Research indie game studios: Do your research on the indie game studios that interest you. Find out what kind of games they make, the size of the studio, the company culture, and their current job openings. Look for studios that align with your interests, values, and career goals. 3. Build a network: Building a network of like-minded professionals in the game development industry can be invaluable. Attend industry events, join online forums and communities, and engage with indie game developers on social media. This will help you stay up-to-date on the latest trends, technologies, and job openings. 4. Gain experience: Gain experience by creating your own games, participating in game jams, contributing to open-source projects, or volunteering for a non-profit game development organization. This will help you gain valuable experience and demonstrate your passion and commitment to game development. 5. Apply for internships: Many indie game studios offer internships or junior positions for game programmers. This is an excellent opportunity to gain hands-on experience, build your skills, and make contacts in the industry. Even if the internship is unpaid, the experience and contacts you gain could be invaluable for your future career. 6. Tailor your resume and cover letter: Tailor your resume and cover letter to showcase your programming skills, experience, and passion for game development. Highlight your technical skills, programming languages, software, and engines that you are proficient in. Be sure to mention any experience you have working in a team and collaborating with other game developers. 7. Prepare for the interview: Once you get an interview, make sure to prepare thoroughly. Research the indie game studio, their current projects, and their company culture. Be ready to talk about your experience, skills, and passion for game development. Also, prepare questions to ask the interviewer about the company and the job position to show your interest and enthusiasm.
All social networks uses some type of relevance algorithm to promote your content or profile. So you have to find means to increase your relevance. Most of the algorithms measure your relevance by number of reactions(likes, follows, comments, replies...), so every time you post something, you should try to incentive the content consumers to do that.
If you are a prolific writer and really into it. You can try to make wikipedia refer you and raise your rate on google algorithm. You can query google site:wikipedia.org [your niche keyword] + "dead link" and check the pages that are missing references to your content, then edit the wikipedia page to refer your website or blog post to give sources for something missing.
Submit your portfolio on class and Review 2 portfolios.
What game do you liked the most? Watch its credits on youtube. Pay attention to the job position names. Find the one you find it most suitable for you. Optionally, connect with some names on linkedin that you find on credits section. If the game dont have a credits section on youtube, just search for its name on linkedin and search for the peoples names that are working on it and the company job openings.
Log in anonymously to the link shared in class if you want to not expose yourself(I think it is the best way to be honest and not expose yourself).
On the second page, write your portfolio URL (or WiP repository for your demos) and the job position you want to apply so others can evaluate your work. If you dont have one yet, just evaluate the others.
Chose 2 portfolios and prefer to evaluate portfolios with less evaluations. For each evaluation, create a new Page and add a page break using Control Enter or via interface insert pagebreak.
In this page write as H1 text format the portfolio URL, so it can be indexed
Evaluate at least 2 portfolios, following this Example. Be kind and constructive.
You as the owner of the portfolio evaluated, you are allowed to delete offenses or bad words from the evaluation. If you want to interact with the content generated anonymously about your portfolio, use comments logged with your account.
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+ Portfolio Reels - Awesome GameDev Resources
Game demo reels should showcase the best features and gameplay of a game to potential players and investors. Here are some important elements that a game demo reel should include:
Captivating Intro: The game demo reel should start with a captivating intro that hooks the audience and captures their attention.
Gameplay Footage: The demo reel should showcase the actual gameplay footage of the game. This should include a variety of gameplay scenarios, showcasing the game mechanics and the different features of the game.
Visuals: The game demo reel should showcase the visual quality of the game. This should include graphics, animations, lighting, and special effects.
Audio: The game demo reel should include the game's audio elements, such as sound effects, music, and voice acting.
User Interface: The demo reel should showcase the user interface of the game, including the menus, HUD, and other interactive elements.
Story and Characters: If the game has a story or characters, the demo reel should include footage that showcases these elements.
Game Modes: If the game has different game modes, the demo reel should showcase the different modes and gameplay styles.
Multiplayer: If the game has a multiplayer mode, the demo reel should showcase the multiplayer gameplay and the features that make it unique.
Call-to-Action: The demo reel should end with a clear call-to-action, such as a link to the game's website or social media page, or instructions on how to download the demo.
Overall, the game demo reel should be well-paced, engaging, and give a good sense of what the game is all about.
A captivating intro is an essential part of a game demo reel, as it sets the tone and captures the viewer's attention from the start. There are several ways to create a captivating intro, depending on the type of game and the intended audience. Here are a few ideas:
Show a brief teaser: Start the demo reel with a brief teaser that highlights the game's most exciting features, such as a stunning visual effect or a heart-pumping action sequence.
Use a dramatic voiceover: Use a dramatic voiceover to introduce the game and create a sense of anticipation. The voiceover can provide a brief overview of the game's story or setting, or simply hype up the viewer with promises of intense gameplay and unforgettable experiences.
Introduce the developer: If the game is developed by a well-known studio or an indie developer with a strong following, introduce them in the intro. Share their mission and goals for creating the game and convey their passion and expertise in the field.
Set the mood with music: Use music to set the mood for the demo reel. Choose a track that complements the game's theme or genre and builds up the excitement for the upcoming gameplay footage.
Use a creative animation: Use a creative animation that visually represents the game's core concept or theme. This can help to grab the viewer's attention and give them a taste of what the game is all about.
Whatever approach is taken, the intro should be brief and impactful, providing a sense of the game's style and tone while leaving the viewer eager to see more.
Gameplay footage is the heart of any game demo reel, as it showcases the actual gameplay experience that the game offers. This section of the demo reel should be carefully crafted to highlight the most exciting and impressive features of the game. Here are some tips for creating engaging gameplay footage:
Variety of gameplay scenarios: The gameplay footage should showcase a variety of gameplay scenarios to give viewers a well-rounded idea of what the game is all about. This can include different levels or environments, various weapons or abilities, and different characters or modes.
Highlight unique features: Highlight the game's unique features and mechanics, such as special abilities, game modes, or multiplayer options. This can help to differentiate the game from other titles in the same genre.
Showcase player choices: If the game allows players to make choices that affect the story or gameplay, showcase these choices in the demo reel. This can help to create a sense of player agency and show how the game responds to different playstyles.
Show off impressive visuals: The gameplay footage should also showcase the game's impressive visuals, such as high-quality textures, realistic lighting and shadow effects, or dynamic particle effects. These elements can help to create a more immersive and engaging gameplay experience.
Keep it concise: The gameplay footage should be concise and to the point, showcasing the most exciting and impressive elements of the game without becoming overly long or repetitive.
Use high-quality footage: The footage should be high-quality and well-shot, with clear visuals and smooth frame rates. This can help to create a professional and polished demo reel that shows off the game in the best possible light.
Overall, the gameplay footage should provide a clear and exciting look at what the game has to offer, highlighting its unique features and impressive visuals while keeping the viewer engaged and interested.
Visuals are a critical component of any game demo reel, as they are often the first thing that potential players and investors will notice. The visuals of a game should be showcased prominently in the demo reel, demonstrating the game's graphical capabilities and the level of detail and polish that has gone into its development. Here are some key elements of visuals to consider when creating a game demo reel:
Graphics quality: The graphics quality of the game should be highlighted in the demo reel. This can include high-quality textures, realistic lighting and shadows, dynamic particle effects, and other visual elements that make the game stand out.
Art style: The art style of the game is also an important visual element to showcase. Whether the game has a realistic or stylized art style, it should be highlighted in the demo reel to give viewers a sense of the game's aesthetic.
Animations: The animations of the game are an important part of the overall visual experience. The demo reel should showcase the game's character animations, object interactions, and any other animations that add to the game's visual appeal.
Camera work: The camera work used in the demo reel can also be used to highlight the game's visual elements. Different camera angles, zooms, and cuts can be used to showcase the game's graphics and make them stand out.
User interface: The user interface (UI) of the game is also an important visual element that should be showcased in the demo reel. The demo reel should highlight the UI design and any interactive elements, such as buttons or menus.
Environment design: The game's environment design is another important visual element to showcase in the demo reel. Whether the game takes place in a realistic or fantastical setting, the environment design should be highlighted to give viewers a sense of the game's atmosphere.
Overall, visuals play a crucial role in creating an immersive and engaging gameplay experience, and they should be showcased prominently in a game demo reel. By highlighting the game's graphics quality, art style, animations, camera work, user interface, and environment design, the demo reel can give viewers a clear and exciting look at what the game has to offer.
Audio is an often overlooked but crucial component of any game demo reel. It can enhance the overall gameplay experience, create an immersive atmosphere, and contribute to the game's overall appeal. Here are some key elements of audio to consider when creating a game demo reel:
Sound effects: Sound effects are an important component of any game's audio design. The demo reel should showcase the game's sound effects, such as weapon sounds, environmental effects, and character vocalizations.
Music: The music used in the game can also be an important part of the overall audio experience. The demo reel should highlight the game's soundtrack, showcasing any memorable themes or musical cues that contribute to the game's atmosphere.
Voice acting: If the game features voice acting, it should be highlighted in the demo reel. The demo reel should showcase any memorable voice performances and give viewers a sense of the quality of the voice acting.
Sound design: The overall sound design of the game is another important element of the game's audio. The demo reel should showcase how the game's audio elements work together to create an immersive atmosphere, such as the use of ambient sounds or dynamic music that changes based on the player's actions.
Audio quality: The quality of the game's audio should also be highlighted in the demo reel. The sound effects, music, and voice acting should be clear and well-produced, with high-quality mixing and mastering that enhances the overall experience.
Overall, audio is a critical component of any game demo reel. By showcasing the game's sound effects, music, voice acting, sound design, and audio quality, the demo reel can give viewers a clear and engaging look at the game's overall audio experience.
The user interface (UI) is a critical component of any game, and it should be showcased prominently in a game demo reel. The UI is the primary way that players interact with the game, and it can greatly impact the overall gameplay experience. Here are some key elements of UI to consider when creating a game demo reel:
Design: The design of the UI is an important aspect to showcase in the demo reel. The UI design should be visually appealing, easy to navigate, and intuitive for players to use. The demo reel should showcase any unique design elements, such as custom icons or animations, that contribute to the overall look and feel of the game.
Functionality: The functionality of the UI is also an important element to showcase in the demo reel. The UI should be designed to help players easily access important information, such as health, inventory, or map data. The demo reel should showcase how the UI functions during gameplay and how it supports the overall game mechanics.
Customizability: Some games offer customizable UI options, such as changing the size or placement of UI elements. If the game has this feature, it should be highlighted in the demo reel to showcase the flexibility of the UI design.
Responsiveness: The responsiveness of the UI is another important aspect to showcase in the demo reel. The UI should respond quickly and smoothly to player input, and any interactive elements should have clear feedback to help players understand their actions.
Accessibility: Finally, the accessibility of the UI is an important consideration. The demo reel should showcase how the UI supports players with different needs, such as colorblind options or font size adjustments.
Overall, the UI is a critical component of any game, and it should be showcased prominently in a demo reel. By highlighting the design, functionality, customizability, responsiveness, and accessibility of the UI, the demo reel can give viewers a clear and engaging look at how players interact with the game and how the UI supports the overall gameplay experience.
The story and characters are important elements of many games, and they can greatly impact the overall experience. When creating a game demo reel, it is important to showcase the game's story and characters in a way that is engaging and gives viewers a clear sense of what to expect from the game. Here are some key elements of story and characters to consider when creating a game demo reel:
Story: The demo reel should give viewers a sense of the game's story, including the setting, premise, and major plot points. The story should be presented in a way that is engaging and makes viewers want to learn more about the game's world and characters.
Characters: The demo reel should also showcase the game's characters, including their personalities, motivations, and relationships with each other. Characters should be presented in a way that is relatable and makes viewers care about their journeys throughout the game.
Dialogue: If the game features dialogue, it should be highlighted in the demo reel. The dialogue should showcase the quality of the writing and voice acting, and give viewers a sense of the characters' personalities and relationships.
Cutscenes: Cutscenes are a great way to showcase the game's story and characters in a visually compelling way. The demo reel should include any memorable or important cutscenes that help to advance the story or develop the characters.
Worldbuilding: Finally, the demo reel should showcase the game's worldbuilding, including any lore or backstory that helps to flesh out the game's world and characters. This can include things like environmental storytelling, item descriptions, or other worldbuilding details.
Overall, the story and characters are important elements of many games, and they should be showcased prominently in a game demo reel. By highlighting the story, characters, dialogue, cutscenes, and worldbuilding, the demo reel can give viewers a clear and engaging look at what to expect from the game's narrative and characters.
Game modes are an important aspect of many games, particularly in multiplayer titles, and they can greatly impact the overall experience. When creating a game demo reel, it is important to showcase the different game modes in a way that is engaging and gives viewers a clear sense of what to expect from each mode. Here are some key elements of game modes to consider when creating a game demo reel:
Variety: The demo reel should showcase a variety of different game modes, particularly if the game has several unique modes to choose from. This will give viewers a sense of the game's overall variety and replayability, and help them understand how each mode contributes to the overall experience.
Objectives: Each game mode should have clear objectives that are highlighted in the demo reel. This can include things like capturing objectives, defeating enemies, or completing tasks within a certain timeframe. The objectives should be presented in a way that is clear and easy to understand for viewers.
Mechanics: The demo reel should showcase the different mechanics and gameplay elements that are unique to each game mode. This can include things like different weapons or abilities, unique maps or terrain, or different objectives and win conditions. By highlighting these unique mechanics, viewers can get a sense of how each mode feels and plays.
Multiplayer: If the game has multiplayer modes, it is important to showcase how players can interact with each other within each mode. This can include things like team play, player versus player combat, or cooperative objectives.
Replayability: Finally, the demo reel should showcase how each game mode contributes to the game's overall replayability. This can include things like unlockable rewards, leaderboards, or other features that encourage players to come back and play the game multiple times.
Overall, game modes are an important aspect of many games, particularly in multiplayer titles, and they should be showcased prominently in a game demo reel. By highlighting the variety, objectives, mechanics, multiplayer elements, and replayability of each mode, the demo reel can give viewers a clear and engaging look at what to expect from each game mode and how it contributes to the overall experience.
Multiplayer is an important aspect of many games, particularly in online multiplayer games, and it can greatly impact the overall experience. When creating a game demo reel, it is important to showcase the multiplayer aspects in a way that is engaging and gives viewers a clear sense of what to expect from the multiplayer modes. Here are some key elements of multiplayer to consider when creating a game demo reel:
Modes: The demo reel should showcase the different multiplayer modes that are available in the game. This can include things like team-based modes, objective-based modes, and free-for-all modes. The demo reel should highlight how each mode plays and what the objectives are.
Player Count: The demo reel should also showcase the player count for each mode. This can include things like 1v1, 2v2, 4v4, or larger player counts for massive multiplayer games. The player count is an important factor in determining the pacing and flow of the game, and should be highlighted in the demo reel.
Matchmaking: If the game features matchmaking, it is important to showcase how the matchmaking system works and how players are paired with opponents of similar skill levels. This can include things like player ranking systems or other matchmaking algorithms that help to ensure fair matches.
Progression: The demo reel should also highlight any progression systems that are available in the multiplayer modes. This can include things like unlocking new weapons or abilities as players progress through the game, or other rewards for completing objectives or winning matches.
Social Features: Finally, the demo reel should showcase any social features that are available in the multiplayer modes. This can include things like chat systems, friend lists, or the ability to form clans or teams with other players.
Overall, multiplayer is an important aspect of many games, particularly in online multiplayer games, and it should be showcased prominently in a game demo reel. By highlighting the different modes, player count, matchmaking, progression, and social features of the game's multiplayer modes, the demo reel can give viewers a clear and engaging look at what to expect from the multiplayer experience.
The Call-to-Action (CTA) is an important element of any game demo reel because it prompts viewers to take action after watching the video. The CTA can be in the form of a request or suggestion that encourages viewers to do something related to the game, such as signing up for a mailing list, pre-ordering the game, or visiting the game's website. Here are some key elements to consider when including a Call-to-Action in a game demo reel:
Clarity: The CTA should be clear and specific, so that viewers know exactly what action they are being asked to take. This can include things like "pre-order now" or "sign up for updates", and should be prominently displayed at the end of the video.
Relevance: The CTA should be relevant to the content of the video, and should relate directly to the game being showcased. For example, if the demo reel is showcasing a new game trailer, the CTA could be to pre-order the game.
Timing: The CTA should be timed appropriately within the video, so that it appears at the end and is not too distracting during the main content of the video.
Design: The design of the CTA should be visually appealing and eye-catching, using bold fonts and contrasting colors to draw attention to it.
Placement: The CTA should be placed in a prominent location within the video, such as at the end or in a lower third graphic.
Overall, the Call-to-Action is an important element of any game demo reel because it prompts viewers to take action after watching the video. By including a clear, relevant, and well-designed CTA at the end of the video, game developers can encourage viewers to take action and engage with the game in meaningful ways.
Watch some videos from Sample Portfolio Reels and create a script detailing what you are going to present yourself. Start creating the timeline of feelings and you are going to present at each time.
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+ Hosting - Awesome GameDev Resources
The problem with those are they require payments to be fully functional, so if you want to go deep and have mor freedom, we are going to cover other options.
If what you want to serve is static hosting, your content is only frontend and do not require backend, you can use github pages, google firebase, S3 bucket hosting or many others. This is the easiest approach. - In this scenario you will be able to store only pre-generated html and static files; - This is useful even if you use blogs that changes rarely, you would have to redeploy your page for every change.
If your html is static and need backend services that are rarely called, you can go with cloud functions, my suggestions here are google cloud run and aws amplify or even firebase functions. If you use nextjs website, check vercel or netlify hosting services. - The deploys are easy; - It can be very expensive if you hit high traffic, but it will remain free if you dont hit the free tiers; - You will have to pay attention to your database management;
If your website generate content dynamically such as Wordpress blogs or any custom made combination with next or anything. - There is many "cheap hosting" solutions that are mostly bad performant(it can reach more than 10s to answer a request). You have to avoid them to make your user enjoy the visit; - Management can go as hard as possible, but the results can be awesome; - It can be really expensive;
I highly recommend you to use Cloudflare as you DNS nameserver, so you can cache your website results for faster loading. But you can use your own nameserver provider by your domain name registrar.
DNS stands for Domain Name System, which is a system that translates domain names into IP addresses. When you type a domain name into your web browser, such as "www.example.com," your computer sends a request to a DNS server to resolve the domain name into an IP address, such as "192.0.2.1." The IP address is then used to establish a connection with the web server that hosts the website you are trying to access.
DNS plays a crucial role in hosting because it enables users to access websites using domain names instead of IP addresses. This makes it easier for users to remember and find websites. DNS also allows websites to change servers or IP addresses without affecting the user experience, as long as the DNS records are updated properly.
In hosting, DNS is important because it determines which server is responsible for hosting a particular website. DNS records can be configured to point to different servers depending on factors such as geographic location, server load, and failover. Hosting providers typically offer DNS management tools to help users configure and manage their DNS records.
The goal is to have as website up and running for your portfolio.
Here goes my preferable way for hosting anything. With that you can host microservices, game services, serve API, static and dynamic websites and much more. It can be tricky but lets setup it now.
Talk with me if you dont have a domain and want to use my infrastructure temporarily.
I am assuming you wont have a huge traffic, but you have a complex combination of services. In the complex cases and if you want to make your life easier and cheaper,my suggestion for hosting would be oracle cloud with arm cpu. They offer for free a virtual machine with 200gb storage, 4vcpus, 24gb ram for free at this date of 2022/12 tutorial. In this scenario, I recommend using https://coolify.io/ as your deployment management system, just pay attention that this machine is running in an arm cpu. With this combination, you can manage everything easily in one place for free. This is not ideal, because you wont have backups, but it is good enough for most scenarios.
If you have plenty of money or your website have high traffic, I recommend you to use Kubernetes to orchestrate every microservice.
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diff --git a/courses/portfolio/08-cms/index.html b/courses/portfolio/08-cms/index.html
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index 000000000..475bfe3fd
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+ Content Management System - Awesome GameDev Resources
In order to train yourself for a game position try some prompts similar to this one.
Act as technical recruiter for a AAA game studio. You are going to interview me by asking me questions relevant for an entry level position as "unreal gameplay developer". Skills required are: Unreal Egine, Data structures, Algorithms, VR and Rendering pipelines.
+You are going to ask me a question when I prompt "ask".
+My answer to your question will start with "response".
+On each response I give to your question, you will provide me 5 bullets: SCORE: from 0 to 100 points to evaluate if I answered it well or not; EXPLANATION: why you gave me that score; RATIONALE: explain what a typical recruiter is measuring with the question previously asked; ADVISE: to improve for answer to score 100 answer; NEXT: question.
+Do you understand? Dont ask anything now.
+
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diff --git a/courses/portfolio/09-get-ready/common-intenterview-questions/index.html b/courses/portfolio/09-get-ready/common-intenterview-questions/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2481ccb26
--- /dev/null
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+ Common interview questions - Awesome GameDev Resources
Your portfolio should be a hosted webpage and a open repository on github.
You should follow a portfolio structure, to build a website and host it publicly. It should have a nice style, a good communication is the key to execute and analyse your strategy in order to capture insights. You can optionally increment your portfolio via dynamic content such as blogs or whatever you find relevant. Another extra step would be to create a generic cover letter to express your intentions and goals more personally. Note that some game companies still require CVs To boost your visualization, you can promote.
Minimum steps: 1. Have a domain or at least a meaningful github username/organization; 2. Create a github repository; 3. Push your frontend to the repo; 4. Enable github pages; 5. Create a CI/CD to build and deploy to gh pages; 6. Point your domain to gh-pages if you have one;
It is expected to have something to showcase, so it is expected to have at least 3 projects to showcase. It is preferable to showcase something that could be testable(webgl builds) or watchable in a lightweight manner.
If you are willing to showcase your ability in Unity, I recommend you to try GameCI and github pages. If you want to showcase your game engine abilities with C++, I recommend you using CMake, SDL2 and emscripten to build and deploy for github pages.
If you want to start something from scratch you can use this repo to start have a SDL2 project with all libraries already set. It builds and publish a Github page via Github actions automatically, you can check it running here. It features CMake tooling, IMGUI for debug interfaces, SDL2, SDL2_ttf, SDL_image, SDL_mixer,
There are many frontend frameworks floating around, but in order to speed up your learning curve on how to deploy a fully customized webpage, I am going to use this combination of technologies:
For most of us, game developers, the most important thing is to make games. But, in order to make games, we need to promote ourselves and our work. In this section, we will learn how to do that.
Before we start promoting, we need to define what we want to promote. The main difference between promoting ourselves or our work is the tone, the message and the medium being promoted. So we can build a successful strategy.
In ether path you chose, consider the following questions:
Before creating and running a promotion campaigns, we need to define the audience. The audience is the group of people we want to reach with our promotion and it can defined by the following:
Recruiters, HR, and hiring managers;
Other game developers, especially those who are in the same field as you;
To reach specific audiences, we need to be in the same platform they are. For example: - Game players: Steam, Twitch, YouTube, itchio, GameJolt, Discord; - Journalists: Twitter, LinkedIn; - Investors: AngelList, Ycombinator, LinkedIn, Crunchbase; - Communities: Reddit, Discord, Facebook, Twitter; - Recruiters: mostly Linkedin.
Social media is a great way to promote yourself as a game developer. You can use it to share your work, your thoughts, your ideas, and your opinions. You can also use it to connect with other developers and learn from them.
Here goes my opinion about the most important platforms:
Twitter: it is the best and easy way to communicate with anyone in the world. The distance between to reach anyone is zero. And it has an awesome tagging structure. It is a great way to share your thoughts and ideas and ask for feedbacks. It is a great way to connect with other developers and learn from them. You can also use it to share your work and promote your games.
LinkedIn: It is a great way to connect with recruiters and hiring managers. Usually you will see other developers publishing their thoughts and ideas, so try to post relevant comments on their publications to get noticed and improve your visibility.
Facebook: It is mostly a general purpose social media. You can use it to connect with your friends and family, and collect feedbacks for your content. It is a great way to promote your finished games.
Instagram and Tiktok: Are more focused in fast, small and visual content. You can use it to promote your games and your work, but it is not the best way to share your thoughts and ideas.
Reddit: This one is the best for collecting feedbacks from other developers about your content, but the reach is limited.
Discord: The best tool be in touch with communities, you can build your own community for your game and be in direct contact with yours consumers. Another good use is to be in direct contact with other developers and learn from them.
YouTube and Twitch: The best way to share your work and promote your games.
Medium and Blogs in general: The best way to share your thoughts and ideas and ask for feedbacks. You can use it in conjunction with other platforms to catch the general attention and bring them to your content.
The mediums are: Social media posts, Blog posts, Email, Podcasts, Videos, Events, Conferences, Meetups, Workshops, Webinars, Webcasts, and more.
For each type of medium, we need to plan the content, the frequency, and the duration. We have very nice tools to help us with that, like Buffer, Hootsuite and many others.
The message is the main idea we want to communicate. The tone is the way we want to communicate it. You have to match the tone with the message in the given platform to reach the right audience. So plan ahead how you want to communicate your message and what tone you want to use.
When planning the message, it is good to plan the emotions we want to trigger in the audience. For example, if we want to promote our game, we can use the following emotions: Excitement, Joy, Curiosity, and Fun. If we want to promote yourself by doing something interesting, you can use the following emotions: Curiosity, Fun, Surprise and Pride.
The call to action is the action we want your audience to take. It can be: Download the game, Read my Resume, be part of by community, Take a look on my Repository, Buy the game, Play the game, Follow me, Subscribe, Share, Like, Comment, and more.
Whatever is your goal, you need to define the results you want to achieve so you should track and measure your progress. You can use tools like Google Analytics mostly for web content, Google Firebase for apps and games and many other.
Here some ideas of results you can track: Number of downloads, page views, number of people reaching you, number of followers, number of subscribers, number of likes, number of comments, number of shares, number of retweets, number of reposts and more.
If you really want to go deep in this rabbit hole, I highly recommend you to create performance measurements such as KPI dashboard to track your progress and improve your promotion. You can use tools like Google Data Studio or Tableau. With the KPI dashboard, you can track your progress and improve your promotion. You can also use it to track your competitors and learn from them.
Another good strategy is to A/B test your promotion. You can use tools like Google Optimize to create different versions of your promotion and test which one is the best. You can also use it to test different messages, tones, and call to actions. I cannot stress enough how important it is to test your promotion, the most successful companies in the world do it. Zynga even quoted once "We are not in the business of making games, we are in the business of testing games" and "We are a data warehouse maskerated as a game company". So being data-driven and customer-centric is the key to success.
I hope you enjoyed this content. If you have any questions, please create an issue in this repository. If you want to contribute, please create a pull request. If you want to support me, please share this content with your friends and colleagues. If you want to support me financially, please consider buying me a coffee or a very fancy wine.
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diff --git a/courses/portfolio/13-cover-letter/index.html b/courses/portfolio/13-cover-letter/index.html
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index 000000000..7e0fd232a
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+ Cover Letter - Awesome GameDev Resources
A cover letter is a document that is sent together with your resume. It is a way to introduce yourself to the company, explain why you're applying for the job, and why you're a good fit for the position. You should also explain why you're interested in the company, and why you want to work for them.
Nowadays writing a Cover Letter seems to be a lost art. Most of the time, people just send their resume and that's it. But, if you want to stand out from the crowd, you should write a cover letter.
In a cover letter you can be more personal to sell yourself more effectively. The core of it is to link your skills and history to what they do and need. Now lets see how to write a cover letter.
There are many strategies to write a cover letter. But the main idea is to be personal and try to sell yourself more effectively. Here are some strategies to write a cover letter:
Be clear, concise and specific. You should try to be clear and try to sell yourself more effectively. Don't waste their time with long and boring paragraphs. You can do that by linking your skills and history to what they do and need. You can also try to show your personality and your passion for the job;
Be personal, enthusiastic and professional: You should try to be personal setting the best tone that matches your style and the company, just don't exaggerate. You can also try to show your personality and your passion for the job. But, you should also be professional and try to be polite and respectful. If you're unsure about the company culture, you can do that by using a formal language and a professional tone;
Usually, game companies are interested in people who are passionate about games. But there are some core differences between what profiles AAA game studios and Indie Studios seek for. AAA usually follow the path of the specialist, while Indie Studios usually, the generalist. So try to match this style of writing in your cover letter.
Another relevant aspect is the company culture. You should try to match the tone of your cover letter to the company culture. If you're unsure about the company culture, you can do that by using a formal language and a professional tone. Or try to connect with some employees of the company and ask them about the company culture.
Research about the company. Try to find out what they do, what they are looking for, and what they are interested in. You can do that by reading their website, their blog, and their social media. They tend to prefer people that have culture, passion and goals aligned with theirs. So try to show that you are passionate about their products and their goals.
Play their games, and use their products. An awesome icebreaker can be yourself telling about some funny bug or how you enjoyed the game connecting it to your life. It would be awesome if you can show that you are a fan of their products to the point to even create mods or fan art.
You should try to write memorable sentences to maintain your reader engaged. One strategy is to start the paragraphs with a short and powerful sentence that summarizes the the topic you are about to write. Arguably, you can also try to use a powerful quote to start your cover letter.
Your first sentence plays a huge role in your cover letter, it should be meaningful to you and to the reader. Chances are, they wont be reading the whole cover letter, so you should try to make the first sentence as interesting as possible. Try to be catchy and try to make them want to read more, but take care not to exaggerate.
Sometimes your content is really relevant to you but it might not be that relevant to the company or the job. Sometimes we get too excited and we want to tell everything about ourselves and how passionate we are, by try telling all the things you ever did. But you should try to be clear and concise. Just add some breadcrumbs for the reader ask you in the interview about the things you didn't mention in the cover letter.
You should try to highlight your strengths. You can do that by using a list of your skills and achievements. They will try to extrapolate the value you brought to the previous companies you worked for to themselves. So try show that you are a good fit for the job by giving success stories about your acchievents. Some examples:
AAA centred: I published a game on Steam with 100k downloads while a student. I acted as the main developer and tech lead, responsible for creating tools for level designers and AI system for the game. Besides that, I played a fundamental role to cut the scope of the game to make it possible to be released on time and consequently the sanity of the team;
Indie: I am fearless. I am not afraid to fail or take risks. This behavior pressures me to have a good plan and to be prepared for the worst. Once we tried a very ambitious feature that we thought would be awesome, we tracked the adoption of it, just to discover that nobody used it. We learned from it and we tried again with a smaller scope and it worked. We released the game on time and we were happy with the result;
Pay attention that some companies might not like to see that you are a risk taker. So try to be careful with that, and ask some employees of the company and ask them about the company culture.
You should try to close your cover letter with summary, thank them for their consideration and time, and add a call to action. You can also try to add a call to action to connect with you on social media or to visit your website, or just say that you are in hopes to talk with them in person soon.
You should try to create a template for your cover letter. A way of doing it is to add replaceable tags for the company name, the job title, and the date. Try to mark those tags in some colorful way, so you can easily find them and replace them. You can also try to add some comments to help you remember what to write in each tag.
Another strategy to templating your cover letter is to create one template for every type of company. For example, you can create a template for AAA game studios, another for Indie game studios, and another for game companies. You can also create a template for each type of job. For example, you can create a template for a game designer, another for a gameplay developer, and another for a UI/frontend developer.
But if you pursue this path, you have to pay attention to the examples and products/games that you use in your cover letter. You will have to change them to match the company you are applying for.
Install Git for the command line. See the information below.
Do the Try Git interactive tutorial. It basically runs you through using Git on the command line and with Github.
This information below contains recommended resources for learning Git and Github, which we will use this semester to store, manage and share our projects.
GitHub is a web-based hosting service for software development projects that use the Gitrevision control system. GitHub offers free accounts for open source projects. As of May 2011, GitHub was the most popular open source code repository site. The site provides social networking functionality such as feeds, followers and the network graph to display how developers work on their versions of a repository. [Wikipedia]
Installing Git
Mac OSX
Git can be installed in Xcode via installing the Command Line Tools at Preferences->Downloads->Components
You can also install Git via the download from the git website or through package management tools such as Homebrew and Macports
Windows
Install Git for Windows which includes a Unix-like Bash terminal environment that matches the commands in the Try Git tutorial.
Turn on git colors with makes reading status and diffs much easier (only need to do this once). You shouldn't need to do this if you're using the Git Bash installed by Git for Windows.
$ git config --global color.ui true
Useful Command Line Commands
The following are pulled form the excellent Introduction to Git. Bash/Shell A small list of the bread and butter Bash/Shell/Terminal commands. Some of these commands respond to the"-h" or "--help" options which print out a small usage reference. Many of the simple commands (ls, cp, mv) don't respond to "--help" but will simply print out a usage line when they don't understand the given arguments.
$ ls --help
Also, most have manual pages which can be reached by using the "man" command and then the program name. Here's how to open the manual page for ls:
$ man ls
Use the UP & DOWN arrow keys to scroll and 'q' to quit.
ls - list contents of the current dir
cd - change directory; ~/ refers to your home dir, . refers to the current dir, ../ refers to one directory up, ../../ refers to 2 dirs up, etc
pwd - prints full path to the current dir (where we are)
mkdir - make a new dir
touch - create an empty file or update the timestamp on an existing file
mv - move a file or dir
cp - copy a file or folder; the -R option copies files & folders recursively (need to copy the entire contents of a given folder if it als contains folders)
Git This is just a small list of git commands. See the references below for more detailed info. All of the git commands respond to "--help".
git init - initialize a dir for git source control management
git clone - clone a git repository from another location (another git controlled folder, somewhere online, GIthub, etc)
git checkout - switch to a branch, commit, or tag; the base location is the master branch
git status - print status of the staging area (modified files, current branch, etc)
git add - add a file or folder to the staging area, responds to wildcards like *.txt and . which refers to all modified files (careful with this one!)
git rm - remove a file or folder form the staging area, removing a modfied file may require the -f argument to force it, -r adds files recursively (useful within folders).
git mv - move or rename files or folders, only works for files currently managed by git (aka added previously)
git commit -m "some message" - commit the current staging area (adds, modifications, removals); the -m option specifies the log message
git branch some_branch - creates a branch called "some_branch"; don;t forget to switch to it using git checkout!
git merge some_branch - merge a branch into the current branch, in this case merge "some_branch" with "master"
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diff --git a/documentation/CMakeLists.txt b/documentation/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1aba0a40e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/documentation/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14...3.22)
+#
+# project(ConcurrencyDocs)
+
+# ---- Dependencies ----
+
+include(../cmake/get_cpm.cmake)
+
+CPMAddPackage("gh:mosra/m.css#0da03060e30a23c0e9e54b0e25b71e9d2733d616")
+# CPMAddPackage(NAME Concurrency SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/..)
+
+find_package(Doxygen)
+if(NOT DOXYGEN_FOUND)
+ message(FATAL_ERROR "Doxygen need to be installed to generate the doxygen documentation")
+endif()
+
+# ---- Doxygen variables ----
+
+# set Doxyfile variables
+set(DOXYGEN_PROJECT_NAME "Awesome GameDev Resources")
+#set(DOXYGEN_PROJECT_VERSION ${Concurrency_VERSION})
+set(DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/..")
+set(DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/doxygen")
+
+configure_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/Doxyfile ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Doxyfile)
+
+add_custom_target(
+ GenerateDocs
+# ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory "${DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}"
+# COMMAND "${m.css_SOURCE_DIR}/documentation/doxygen.py" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/conf.py"
+# COMMAND doxygen ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Doxyfile
+# COMMAND moxygen --anchors --groups --output ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/api/api-%s.md ${DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/xml
+ COMMAND mkdocs build
+ COMMAND echo "Docs written to: ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../site"
+ WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../"
+# WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}"
+)
diff --git a/documentation/Doxyfile b/documentation/Doxyfile
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index 000000000..184a8ea74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/documentation/Doxyfile
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+# Configuration for Doxygen for use with CMake
+# Only options that deviate from the default are included
+# To create a new Doxyfile containing all available options, call `doxygen -g`
+
+# Get Project name and version from CMake
+PROJECT_NAME = @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_NAME@
+PROJECT_NUMBER = @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_VERSION@
+
+# Add sources
+INPUT = @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT@/README.md @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT@/include @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT@/documentation/pages @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT@/intro @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT@/portfolio @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT@/artificialintelligence
+FILE_PATTERNS = *.c *.cpp *.h *.hpp *.md *.dox
+EXTRACT_ALL = YES
+RECURSIVE = YES
+OUTPUT_DIRECTORY = @DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY@
+
+# Use the README as a main page
+USE_MDFILE_AS_MAINPAGE = @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT@/README.md
+
+# set relative include paths
+FULL_PATH_NAMES = NO
+STRIP_FROM_PATH = @DOXYGEN_PROJECT_ROOT@
+
+# We use m.css to generate the html documentation, so we only need XML output
+GENERATE_XML = YES
+GENERATE_HTML = NO
+GENERATE_LATEX = NO
+XML_PROGRAMLISTING = NO
+CREATE_SUBDIRS = NO
+
+# Include all directories, files and namespaces in the documentation
+# Disable to include only explicitly documented objects
+M_SHOW_UNDOCUMENTED = NO
+
+STRIP_CODE_COMMENTS = NO
+GENERATE_TODOLIST = YES
+SHOW_NAMESPACES = NO
+SHOW_FILES = NO
+SHOW_USED_FILES = NO
diff --git a/documentation/conf.py b/documentation/conf.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a9078837
--- /dev/null
+++ b/documentation/conf.py
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+DOXYFILE = 'Doxyfile'
+
+LINKS_NAVBAR1 = [
+ ("Courses", [(None ,'md_intro_README'), (None, 'md_portfolio_README'), (None, 'md_artificialintelligence_README')]),
+ # ("Namespaces", 'namespaces', [])
+]
+
+# Add your own navbar links using the code below.
+# To find the valid link names, you can inspect the URL of a generated documentation site.
+
+# LINKS_NAVBAR1 = [
+# (None, 'pages', [(None, 'about')]),
+# (None, 'namespaces', [(None, 'namespaceconcurrency')]),
+# ]
+#
+# LINKS_NAVBAR2 = [
+# (None, 'annotated', [(None, 'classconcurrency_1_1_concurrency')]),
+# (None, 'files', [(None, 'concurrency_8h')]),
+# ]
+
+FINE_PRINT = """Awesome GameDev Resources. Created by Alexandre Tolstenko and Others. 2023. All rights reserved."""
+
+HTML_HEADER = """
+
+
+
+"""
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diff --git a/documentation/pages/about.dox b/documentation/pages/about.dox
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..16293f2a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/documentation/pages/about.dox
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+/** @page about About
+ @section doc Awesome GameDev Resources
+ This is the auto-generated documentation for the initial project of the ModernCppStater.
+ It shows how we can use Doxygen to automatically build a browsable documentation for your projects.
+*/
diff --git a/dojo/Full-Cycle-SDL-Development/index.html b/dojo/Full-Cycle-SDL-Development/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..34fcf3463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dojo/Full-Cycle-SDL-Development/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+ Full Cycle Cross-platform Game Development with SDL, CMAKE and GitHub - Awesome GameDev Resources
Introduction (5 minutes): The facilitator introduces the coding dojo and the goal of the session, which is to create a CMake build system for an SDL project using GitHub Actions.
Warm-up exercise (10 minutes): A brief exercise is conducted to get participants warmed up and familiar with SDL and CMake.
Setting up the project (30 minutes): Participants work in pairs or small groups to clone the SDL project from GitHub and create a CMake build system for it.
Adding GitHub Actions (30 minutes): Participants continue to work on their CMake build systems and add GitHub Actions to automate the build and test process.
Review and discussion (10 minutes): Participants share their solutions and discuss the various approaches taken to create the CMake build system and implement GitHub Actions.
Retrospective (5 minutes): Participants reflect on the session and provide feedback on what went well and what could be improved for future sessions.
Closing (5 minutes): The facilitator concludes the session and thanks the participants for their contributions.
Ensure that you have the following software installed in your machine:
C++ Compiler. Ex.: GCC(build-essential, and cmake) on Linux, MS Visual Studio on Windows(select C++ and in additional tools, select cmake), Command Line Tools for OSX.
Git. Ex.: Gitkraken(free for students);
IDE. Ex.: Clion(free for students);
CMake. Ex.: cmake-gui, but clion already bundle it for you.
Create folder .github and inside it another one workflows. Inside it create a .yml file.
Here you will code declaratively how your build should proceed. The basic steps are usually: Clone, Cache, Install dependencies, Configure, Build, Test and Release conditionally to branch.
Check and try to reproduce the same thing you see here.
If you are following the Modern CPP Starter Repo, you can explore automated tests. Be my guest and try it.
Please give me feedbacks in what we did today. If you like or have something to improve, say something in here. Ah! you can always fork this repo, improve it and send a pull request back to this repo.
Give stars to all repos you saw here as a way to contribute to the continuity of the project.
Propose a new Dojo and be in touch.
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diff --git a/dojo/The-most-asked-interview-question/index.html b/dojo/The-most-asked-interview-question/index.html
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index 000000000..bd6db4e2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dojo/The-most-asked-interview-question/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+ The most asked interview question - Awesome GameDev Resources
Arguably, the most asked question in coding interviews is the Two Number Sum. It is used by many Bigtechs and AAA Game Studios. You can see this question in many youtube videos, coding websites such as hackerank, leetcode, algoexpert ...
Write a function that will receive an array/vector/list of integers and a target number. Find two numbers inside the array that summed will match the target. You have to return both in a array/vector/list ordered.
Implement the solution in 3 different ways. Open the details only after you try. First approach:
1. Naive solution. O(N^2) time and O(1) space; - required to know this;
Can you make it faster?
2. Fastest solution. O(N) time and O(N) space; - this will make you
Can you make it not use much memory, but still be fast?
3. Fastest without mem allocation. O(N*log(N)) time and O(1) space;
Participants work on solving the Two Number Sum problem in pairs or small groups¶
Emphasize the importance of communication and collaboration during the coding session
Encourage participants to use a whiteboard or paper to sketch out their solutions
Provide guidance and support as needed
Code Review (20 minutes)
Participants share their solutions with the group¶
Facilitate a discussion about each solution, highlighting strengths and areas for improvement
Encourage participants to ask questions and provide feedback to their peers
Discuss potential optimizations and alternative approaches to the problem
A coding dojo is a programming practice that involves a group of developers coming together to collaborate on solving coding challenges. It is a learning and collaborative environment where developers can improve their coding skills and work on real-world coding problems.
The term "dojo" comes from the Japanese term for place of the way, which is a traditional place of training for martial arts. In a coding dojo, participants practice the skills they have learned, exchange knowledge and experience, and work together to solve programming challenges.
During a coding dojo session, participants work in pairs or small groups to solve programming challenges, using techniques such as pair programming and test-driven development. They work through the problem step by step, discussing and sharing their ideas and approaches along the way. The goal of a coding dojo is to improve individual and team coding skills, and to learn from each other's experiences.
Introduction (5 minutes): The facilitator introduces the coding dojo and the coding challenge for the session.
Warm-up exercise (10 minutes): A brief exercise is conducted to get participants warmed up and ready for the coding challenge.
Coding challenge (60 minutes): Participants work in pairs or small groups to solve the coding challenge using techniques such as pair programming and test-driven development.
Review and discussion (15 minutes): Participants share their solutions and discuss the various approaches taken to solve the challenge.
Retrospective (10 minutes): Participants reflect on the session and provide feedback on what went well and what could be improved for future sessions.
Closing (5 minutes): The facilitator concludes the session and thanks the participants for their contributions.
Comments
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+Awesome GameDev ResourcesAwesome GameDev Resources for learning how to make gameshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/See contributors and authors at https://github.com/InfiniBrains/Awesome-GameDev-Resources/graphs/contributorshttps://github.com/InfiniBrains/Awesome-GameDev-Resourcesen-NoneFri, 08 Sep 2023 02:06:52 -0000Fri, 08 Sep 2023 02:06:52 -00001440MkDocs RSS plugin - v1.8.0FERPA ConsenttolstenkoFERPAPrivacy<h1>FERPA Consent</h1><p>FERPA (The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) is a federal law protecting the confidentiality of student records. It restricts others from accessing or discussing your educational records without your consent. Here we are going to discuss how it applies to the courses I teach and what are the benefits on sharing your work publicly if you want.</p><p><a href="https://forms.gle/JzMiytNsFWDeBGc4A">FERPA consent form</a></p>https://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/30/ferpa-consent/ Wed, 30 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0000Awesome GameDev Resourceshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/30/ferpa-consent/#__commentshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/30/ferpa-consent/Notes on SubmissionstolstenkoAIAcademic HonestyCanvasChatGPTGithub CopilotMossPlagiarismTeachingTurnitin<h1>Notes on Submissions</h1><figure markdown> { width="300" align=center loading=lazy } <figcaption> Source: ideogram </figcaption></figure><p>Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.</p>https://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/24/notes-on-submissions/ Thu, 24 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0000Awesome GameDev Resourceshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/24/notes-on-submissions/#__commentshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/24/notes-on-submissions/Let's talk about Virtual RealitytolstenkoAugmented RealityAugmented VirtualityMixed RealityVirtual Reality<h1>Let's talk about Virtual Reality</h1><p>The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.</p>https://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/09/lets-talk-about-virtual-reality/ Wed, 09 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0000Awesome GameDev Resourceshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/09/lets-talk-about-virtual-reality/#__commentshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/09/lets-talk-about-virtual-reality/The problem with AI Trolley dilemmatolstenkoAIPhilosophy<h1>The problem with AI Trolley dilemma</h1><p><a href="https://techcrunch.com/2016/10/04/did-you-save-the-cat-or-the-kid/"><img alt="What the self-driving car do?" src="what-should-the-self-driving-car-do.webp"></a></p><p>The premise about the AI trolley dilemma is invalid. So the whole discussion about who should the car kill in a fatal situation. Let me explain why.</p>https://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/07/28/the-problem-with-ai-trolley-dilemma/ Fri, 28 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000Awesome GameDev Resourceshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/07/28/the-problem-with-ai-trolley-dilemma/#__commentshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/07/28/the-problem-with-ai-trolley-dilemma/
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+Awesome GameDev ResourcesAwesome GameDev Resources for learning how to make gameshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/See contributors and authors at https://github.com/InfiniBrains/Awesome-GameDev-Resources/graphs/contributorshttps://github.com/InfiniBrains/Awesome-GameDev-Resourcesen-NoneFri, 08 Sep 2023 02:06:52 -0000Fri, 08 Sep 2023 02:06:52 -00001440MkDocs RSS plugin - v1.8.0Notes on SubmissionstolstenkoAIAcademic HonestyCanvasChatGPTGithub CopilotMossPlagiarismTeachingTurnitin<h1>Notes on Submissions</h1><figure markdown> { width="300" align=center loading=lazy } <figcaption> Source: ideogram </figcaption></figure><p>Here are my personal opinions, rules and processes that I follow about submissions. I will cover gradings, deadlines, tolerances, and AI-assistant tools usage.</p>https://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/24/notes-on-submissions/ Wed, 06 Sep 2023 15:38:05 +0000Awesome GameDev Resourceshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/24/notes-on-submissions/#__commentshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/24/notes-on-submissions/FERPA ConsenttolstenkoFERPAPrivacy<h1>FERPA Consent</h1><p>FERPA (The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) is a federal law protecting the confidentiality of student records. It restricts others from accessing or discussing your educational records without your consent. Here we are going to discuss how it applies to the courses I teach and what are the benefits on sharing your work publicly if you want.</p><p><a href="https://forms.gle/JzMiytNsFWDeBGc4A">FERPA consent form</a></p>https://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/30/ferpa-consent/ Thu, 31 Aug 2023 14:37:28 +0000Awesome GameDev Resourceshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/30/ferpa-consent/#__commentshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/30/ferpa-consent/Let's talk about Virtual RealitytolstenkoAugmented RealityAugmented VirtualityMixed RealityVirtual Reality<h1>Let's talk about Virtual Reality</h1><p>The goal of this article is not be a comprehensive guide about Virtual Reality, but to give you a general sense of what it is and how it works. I will also give you some examples of how it is being used today and what we can expect for the future.</p>https://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/09/lets-talk-about-virtual-reality/ Thu, 10 Aug 2023 20:56:59 +0000Awesome GameDev Resourceshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/09/lets-talk-about-virtual-reality/#__commentshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/08/09/lets-talk-about-virtual-reality/The problem with AI Trolley dilemmatolstenkoAIPhilosophy<h1>The problem with AI Trolley dilemma</h1><p><a href="https://techcrunch.com/2016/10/04/did-you-save-the-cat-or-the-kid/"><img alt="What the self-driving car do?" src="what-should-the-self-driving-car-do.webp"></a></p><p>The premise about the AI trolley dilemma is invalid. So the whole discussion about who should the car kill in a fatal situation. Let me explain why.</p>https://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/07/28/the-problem-with-ai-trolley-dilemma/ Wed, 02 Aug 2023 18:43:34 +0000Awesome GameDev Resourceshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/07/28/the-problem-with-ai-trolley-dilemma/#__commentshttps://courses.tolstenko.net/blog/2023/07/28/the-problem-with-ai-trolley-dilemma/
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+ Awesome GameDev Resources
This repository aims to be practical, and it will be updated as we test the methodology. Frame it as a guidebook, not a manual. Most of the time, we are constrained by the time, so in order to move fast, we won't cover deeply some topics, but the basics that allows you to explore by yourself or point the directions for you to study in other places acting as a self-taught student, so you really should look for more information elsewhere if you feels so. I use lots of references and highly incentive you to look for other too and propose changes in this repo. Sometimes, it will mostly presented in a chaotic way, which implies that you will need to explore the concepts by yourself or read the manual/books. Every student should follow your own path to learning, it is impossible to cover every learning style, so it is up to you to build your own path and discover the best way to learn. What worked for me or what works for a given student probably won't work for you, so dont compare yourself to others too much, but be assured that we're here to help you to succeed. If you need help, just send private messages, or use public forums such as github issues and discussions.
I would like to categorize the classes into philosophies. so I can address them properly: - Advanced classes: are more focused on work and deliveries than theory, they are tailored toward the student goals more than the closed boxes and fixed expected results. It comprehends AI and Adv. AI; - Introduction classes: are focused on theory and practice. In those classes, they have more focus on structural knowledge and basic content. It comprehends classes such as Introduction to Programming. - Guidance: are more focused on how can we bring the student to the highest standard and get ready to be hired. It comprehends classes such as Capstone, Portfolio classes, and Mentoring activities.
I assume my handwriting is not the best, but I compensate it with lots of diagrams and pictures, and always project what I write in the computer.
Aural: You prefer using sound and music;
I always link to youtube videos and podcasts, so they can follow up with extra content and material;
Verbal: You prefer using words, both in speech and writing;
I setup my machine to record specific topics that might be hard to undestand in just one go, and I did some experimental recordings, but I am still struggling with video editing. I will be adding more videos in the future.
My main issue here is that I am not a native english speaker, so I am still struggling with the language, but I am trying to improve it.
Other issue that I can name is eye-to-eye contact. It feels overburned to me to keep eye-to-eye contact, that I usually look away.
Physical: You prefer using your body, hands and sense of touch;
Given my cultural origin, I am usually over expressive in this field, and I need more fine tuning my proxemic. Brazilians commonly talk and walk closer to each other than americans.
While lecture I really enjoy to use my hands to express myself, and I am trying to use more body language to express myself.
Logical: You prefer using logic, reasoning and systems;
I always craft and test teaching experiences to push them to think and reason about the topics.
I always use tools such as beecrowd to let them code and test their ability to solve problems.
Social: You prefer to learn in groups or with other people;
I incentive them to do in-class assignments in pairs, and do group assignments. But I recognize this might be a problem for some students, so I am trying to find a way to make it more inclusive.
Strangelly for me, some students prefer to socialize with me by booking office hours more than working together. Probably next semester I will reserve a time to do a type of co-working time when I can be available to help them in their assignments.
Solitary: You prefer to work alone and use self-study.
Sometimes and some topics you really need to study by yourself, and it can be the best way for some. But I warn them about the effects of loneliness and impostor syndrome.
This is usually the most common way to learn, and I always keep an eye on the ones that are struggling to keep up with the class. I always try to reach them and help them to keep up with the class.
To compensate this solitude I incentive them to present their work to the class no they can experience having attention even when the lack social skills.
Themes are written using Sass to keep things modular and reduce the need for repeated selectors across files. Make sure that you have the reveal.js development environment installed before proceeding: https://revealjs.com/installation/#full-setup
To create your own theme, start by duplicating a .scss file in /css/theme/source. It will be automatically compiled from Sass to CSS (see the gulpfile) when you run npm run build -- css-themes.
Each theme file does four things in the following order:
Include /css/theme/template/settings.scss Declares a set of custom variables that the template file (step 4) expects. Can be overridden in step 3.
Override This is where you override the default theme. Either by specifying variables (see settings.scss for reference) or by adding any selectors and styles you please.
Include /css/theme/template/theme.scss The template theme file which will generate final CSS output based on the currently defined variables.
+ Not a coder? Not a problem. There's a fully-featured visual editor for authoring these, try it out at https://slides.com.
+
+
+
+
+
Hidden Slides
+
+ This slide is visible in the source, but hidden when the presentation is viewed. You can show all hidden slides by setting the `showHiddenSlides` config option to `true`.
+
+ You can override background transitions per-slide.
+
+
<section data-background-transition="zoom">
+
+
+
+
+
Iframe Backgrounds
+
Since reveal.js runs on the web, you can easily embed other web content. Try interacting with the page in the background.
+
+
+
+
+
Marvelous List
+
+
No order here
+
Or here
+
Or here
+
Or here
+
+
+
+
+
Fantastic Ordered List
+
+
One is smaller than...
+
Two is smaller than...
+
Three!
+
+
+
+
+
Tabular Tables
+
+
+
+
Item
+
Value
+
Quantity
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+
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+
Apples
+
$1
+
7
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Lemonade
+
$2
+
18
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+
+
Bread
+
$3
+
2
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+
+
+
+
+
+
Clever Quotes
+
+ These guys come in two forms, inline: The nice thing about standards is that there are so many to choose from and block:
+
+
+ “For years there has been a theory that millions of monkeys typing at random on millions of typewriters would
+ reproduce the entire works of Shakespeare. The Internet has proven this theory to be untrue.”
+
+
+
+
+
Intergalactic Interconnections
+
+ You can link between slides internally,
+ like this.
+
+
+
+
+
Speaker View
+
There's a speaker view. It includes a timer, preview of the upcoming slide as well as your speaker notes.
+ Set data-state="something" on a slide and "something"
+ will be added as a class to the document element when the slide is open. This lets you
+ apply broader style changes, like switching the page background.
+
+
+
+
+
State Events
+
+ Additionally custom events can be triggered on a per slide basis by binding to the data-state name.
+
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diff --git a/overrides/reveal.js/dist/reveal.esm.js.map b/overrides/reveal.js/dist/reveal.esm.js.map
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c769ef4e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/overrides/reveal.js/dist/reveal.esm.js.map
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i < nodes.length; i++ ) {\n\t\tlet testNode = nodes[i];\n\t\tif( testNode.parentNode === container ) {\n\t\t\treturn testNode;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\t// If no node was found, create it now\n\tlet node = document.createElement( tagname );\n\tnode.className = classname;\n\tnode.innerHTML = innerHTML;\n\tcontainer.appendChild( node );\n\n\treturn node;\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Injects the given CSS styles into the DOM.\n *\n * @param {string} value\n */\nexport const createStyleSheet = ( value ) => {\n\n\tlet tag = document.createElement( 'style' );\n\ttag.type = 'text/css';\n\n\tif( value && value.length > 0 ) {\n\t\tif( tag.styleSheet ) {\n\t\t\ttag.styleSheet.cssText = value;\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\ttag.appendChild( document.createTextNode( value ) );\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\tdocument.head.appendChild( tag );\n\n\treturn tag;\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Returns a key:value hash of all query params.\n */\nexport const getQueryHash = () => {\n\n\tlet query = {};\n\n\tlocation.search.replace( /[A-Z0-9]+?=([\\w\\.%-]*)/gi, a => {\n\t\tquery[ a.split( '=' ).shift() ] = a.split( '=' ).pop();\n\t} );\n\n\t// Basic deserialization\n\tfor( let i in query ) {\n\t\tlet value = query[ i ];\n\n\t\tquery[ i ] = deserialize( unescape( value ) );\n\t}\n\n\t// Do not accept new dependencies via query config to avoid\n\t// the potential of malicious script injection\n\tif( typeof query['dependencies'] !== 'undefined' ) delete query['dependencies'];\n\n\treturn query;\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Returns the remaining height within the parent of the\n * target element.\n *\n * remaining height = [ configured parent height ] - [ current parent height ]\n *\n * @param {HTMLElement} element\n * @param {number} [height]\n */\nexport const getRemainingHeight = ( element, height = 0 ) => {\n\n\tif( element ) {\n\t\tlet newHeight, oldHeight = element.style.height;\n\n\t\t// Change the .stretch element height to 0 in order find the height of all\n\t\t// the other elements\n\t\telement.style.height = '0px';\n\n\t\t// In Overview mode, the parent (.slide) height is set of 700px.\n\t\t// Restore it temporarily to its natural height.\n\t\telement.parentNode.style.height = 'auto';\n\n\t\tnewHeight = height - element.parentNode.offsetHeight;\n\n\t\t// Restore the old height, just in case\n\t\telement.style.height = oldHeight + 'px';\n\n\t\t// Clear the parent (.slide) height. .removeProperty works in IE9+\n\t\telement.parentNode.style.removeProperty('height');\n\n\t\treturn newHeight;\n\t}\n\n\treturn height;\n\n}\n\nconst fileExtensionToMimeMap = {\n\t'mp4': 'video/mp4',\n\t'm4a': 'video/mp4',\n\t'ogv': 'video/ogg',\n\t'mpeg': 'video/mpeg',\n\t'webm': 'video/webm'\n}\n\n/**\n * Guess the MIME type for common file formats.\n */\nexport const getMimeTypeFromFile = ( filename='' ) => {\n\treturn fileExtensionToMimeMap[filename.split('.').pop()]\n}\n\n/**\n * Encodes a string for RFC3986-compliant URL format.\n * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/encodeURI#encoding_for_rfc3986\n *\n * @param {string} url\n */\nexport const encodeRFC3986URI = ( url='' ) => {\n\treturn encodeURI(url)\n\t .replace(/%5B/g, \"[\")\n\t .replace(/%5D/g, \"]\")\n\t .replace(\n\t\t/[!'()*]/g,\n\t\t(c) => `%${c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase()}`\n\t );\n}","const UA = navigator.userAgent;\n\nexport const isMobile = /(iphone|ipod|ipad|android)/gi.test( UA ) ||\n\t\t\t\t\t\t( navigator.platform === 'MacIntel' && navigator.maxTouchPoints > 1 ); // iPadOS\n\nexport const isChrome = /chrome/i.test( UA ) && !/edge/i.test( UA );\n\nexport const isAndroid = /android/gi.test( UA );","/*\n * fitty v2.3.3 - Snugly resizes text to fit its parent container\n * Copyright (c) 2020 Rik Schennink (https://pqina.nl/)\n */\n'use strict';\n\nObject.defineProperty(exports, \"__esModule\", {\n value: true\n});\n\nvar _extends = Object.assign || function (target) { for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) { var source = arguments[i]; for (var key in source) { if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) { target[key] = source[key]; } } } return target; };\n\nexports.default = function (w) {\n\n // no window, early exit\n if (!w) return;\n\n // node list to array helper method\n var toArray = function toArray(nl) {\n return [].slice.call(nl);\n };\n\n // states\n var DrawState = {\n IDLE: 0,\n DIRTY_CONTENT: 1,\n DIRTY_LAYOUT: 2,\n DIRTY: 3\n };\n\n // all active fitty elements\n var fitties = [];\n\n // group all redraw calls till next frame, we cancel each frame request when a new one comes in. If no support for request animation frame, this is an empty function and supports for fitty stops.\n var redrawFrame = null;\n var requestRedraw = 'requestAnimationFrame' in w ? function () {\n w.cancelAnimationFrame(redrawFrame);\n redrawFrame = w.requestAnimationFrame(function () {\n return redraw(fitties.filter(function (f) {\n return f.dirty && f.active;\n }));\n });\n } : function () {};\n\n // sets all fitties to dirty so they are redrawn on the next redraw loop, then calls redraw\n var redrawAll = function redrawAll(type) {\n return function () {\n fitties.forEach(function (f) {\n return f.dirty = type;\n });\n requestRedraw();\n };\n };\n\n // redraws fitties so they nicely fit their parent container\n var redraw = function redraw(fitties) {\n\n // getting info from the DOM at this point should not trigger a reflow, let's gather as much intel as possible before triggering a reflow\n\n // check if styles of all fitties have been computed\n fitties.filter(function (f) {\n return !f.styleComputed;\n }).forEach(function (f) {\n f.styleComputed = computeStyle(f);\n });\n\n // restyle elements that require pre-styling, this triggers a reflow, please try to prevent by adding CSS rules (see docs)\n fitties.filter(shouldPreStyle).forEach(applyStyle);\n\n // we now determine which fitties should be redrawn\n var fittiesToRedraw = fitties.filter(shouldRedraw);\n\n // we calculate final styles for these fitties\n fittiesToRedraw.forEach(calculateStyles);\n\n // now we apply the calculated styles from our previous loop\n fittiesToRedraw.forEach(function (f) {\n applyStyle(f);\n markAsClean(f);\n });\n\n // now we dispatch events for all restyled fitties\n fittiesToRedraw.forEach(dispatchFitEvent);\n };\n\n var markAsClean = function markAsClean(f) {\n return f.dirty = DrawState.IDLE;\n };\n\n var calculateStyles = function calculateStyles(f) {\n\n // get available width from parent node\n f.availableWidth = f.element.parentNode.clientWidth;\n\n // the space our target element uses\n f.currentWidth = f.element.scrollWidth;\n\n // remember current font size\n f.previousFontSize = f.currentFontSize;\n\n // let's calculate the new font size\n f.currentFontSize = Math.min(Math.max(f.minSize, f.availableWidth / f.currentWidth * f.previousFontSize), f.maxSize);\n\n // if allows wrapping, only wrap when at minimum font size (otherwise would break container)\n f.whiteSpace = f.multiLine && f.currentFontSize === f.minSize ? 'normal' : 'nowrap';\n };\n\n // should always redraw if is not dirty layout, if is dirty layout, only redraw if size has changed\n var shouldRedraw = function shouldRedraw(f) {\n return f.dirty !== DrawState.DIRTY_LAYOUT || f.dirty === DrawState.DIRTY_LAYOUT && f.element.parentNode.clientWidth !== f.availableWidth;\n };\n\n // every fitty element is tested for invalid styles\n var computeStyle = function computeStyle(f) {\n\n // get style properties\n var style = w.getComputedStyle(f.element, null);\n\n // get current font size in pixels (if we already calculated it, use the calculated version)\n f.currentFontSize = parseFloat(style.getPropertyValue('font-size'));\n\n // get display type and wrap mode\n f.display = style.getPropertyValue('display');\n f.whiteSpace = style.getPropertyValue('white-space');\n };\n\n // determines if this fitty requires initial styling, can be prevented by applying correct styles through CSS\n var shouldPreStyle = function shouldPreStyle(f) {\n\n var preStyle = false;\n\n // if we already tested for prestyling we don't have to do it again\n if (f.preStyleTestCompleted) return false;\n\n // should have an inline style, if not, apply\n if (!/inline-/.test(f.display)) {\n preStyle = true;\n f.display = 'inline-block';\n }\n\n // to correctly calculate dimensions the element should have whiteSpace set to nowrap\n if (f.whiteSpace !== 'nowrap') {\n preStyle = true;\n f.whiteSpace = 'nowrap';\n }\n\n // we don't have to do this twice\n f.preStyleTestCompleted = true;\n\n return preStyle;\n };\n\n // apply styles to single fitty\n var applyStyle = function applyStyle(f) {\n f.element.style.whiteSpace = f.whiteSpace;\n f.element.style.display = f.display;\n f.element.style.fontSize = f.currentFontSize + 'px';\n };\n\n // dispatch a fit event on a fitty\n var dispatchFitEvent = function dispatchFitEvent(f) {\n f.element.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('fit', {\n detail: {\n oldValue: f.previousFontSize,\n newValue: f.currentFontSize,\n scaleFactor: f.currentFontSize / f.previousFontSize\n }\n }));\n };\n\n // fit method, marks the fitty as dirty and requests a redraw (this will also redraw any other fitty marked as dirty)\n var fit = function fit(f, type) {\n return function () {\n f.dirty = type;\n if (!f.active) return;\n requestRedraw();\n };\n };\n\n var init = function init(f) {\n\n // save some of the original CSS properties before we change them\n f.originalStyle = {\n whiteSpace: f.element.style.whiteSpace,\n display: f.element.style.display,\n fontSize: f.element.style.fontSize\n };\n\n // should we observe DOM mutations\n observeMutations(f);\n\n // this is a new fitty so we need to validate if it's styles are in order\n f.newbie = true;\n\n // because it's a new fitty it should also be dirty, we want it to redraw on the first loop\n f.dirty = true;\n\n // we want to be able to update this fitty\n fitties.push(f);\n };\n\n var destroy = function destroy(f) {\n return function () {\n\n // remove from fitties array\n fitties = fitties.filter(function (_) {\n return _.element !== f.element;\n });\n\n // stop observing DOM\n if (f.observeMutations) f.observer.disconnect();\n\n // reset the CSS properties we changes\n f.element.style.whiteSpace = f.originalStyle.whiteSpace;\n f.element.style.display = f.originalStyle.display;\n f.element.style.fontSize = f.originalStyle.fontSize;\n };\n };\n\n // add a new fitty, does not redraw said fitty\n var subscribe = function subscribe(f) {\n return function () {\n if (f.active) return;\n f.active = true;\n requestRedraw();\n };\n };\n\n // remove an existing fitty\n var unsubscribe = function unsubscribe(f) {\n return function () {\n return f.active = false;\n };\n };\n\n var observeMutations = function observeMutations(f) {\n\n // no observing?\n if (!f.observeMutations) return;\n\n // start observing mutations\n f.observer = new MutationObserver(fit(f, DrawState.DIRTY_CONTENT));\n\n // start observing\n f.observer.observe(f.element, f.observeMutations);\n };\n\n // default mutation observer settings\n var mutationObserverDefaultSetting = {\n subtree: true,\n childList: true,\n characterData: true\n };\n\n // default fitty options\n var defaultOptions = {\n minSize: 16,\n maxSize: 512,\n multiLine: true,\n observeMutations: 'MutationObserver' in w ? mutationObserverDefaultSetting : false\n };\n\n // array of elements in, fitty instances out\n function fittyCreate(elements, options) {\n\n // set options object\n var fittyOptions = _extends({}, defaultOptions, options);\n\n // create fitties\n var publicFitties = elements.map(function (element) {\n\n // create fitty instance\n var f = _extends({}, fittyOptions, {\n\n // internal options for this fitty\n element: element,\n active: true\n });\n\n // initialise this fitty\n init(f);\n\n // expose API\n return {\n element: element,\n fit: fit(f, DrawState.DIRTY),\n unfreeze: subscribe(f),\n freeze: unsubscribe(f),\n unsubscribe: destroy(f)\n };\n });\n\n // call redraw on newly initiated fitties\n requestRedraw();\n\n // expose fitties\n return publicFitties;\n }\n\n // fitty creation function\n function fitty(target) {\n var options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};\n\n\n // if target is a string\n return typeof target === 'string' ?\n\n // treat it as a querySelector\n fittyCreate(toArray(document.querySelectorAll(target)), options) :\n\n // create single fitty\n fittyCreate([target], options)[0];\n }\n\n // handles viewport changes, redraws all fitties, but only does so after a timeout\n var resizeDebounce = null;\n var onWindowResized = function onWindowResized() {\n w.clearTimeout(resizeDebounce);\n resizeDebounce = w.setTimeout(redrawAll(DrawState.DIRTY_LAYOUT), fitty.observeWindowDelay);\n };\n\n // define observe window property, so when we set it to true or false events are automatically added and removed\n var events = ['resize', 'orientationchange'];\n Object.defineProperty(fitty, 'observeWindow', {\n set: function set(enabled) {\n var method = (enabled ? 'add' : 'remove') + 'EventListener';\n events.forEach(function (e) {\n w[method](e, onWindowResized);\n });\n }\n });\n\n // fitty global properties (by setting observeWindow to true the events above get added)\n fitty.observeWindow = true;\n fitty.observeWindowDelay = 100;\n\n // public fit all method, will force redraw no matter what\n fitty.fitAll = redrawAll(DrawState.DIRTY);\n\n // export our fitty function, we don't want to keep it to our selves\n return fitty;\n}(typeof window === 'undefined' ? null : window);","import { extend, queryAll, closest, getMimeTypeFromFile, encodeRFC3986URI } from '../utils/util.js'\nimport { isMobile } from '../utils/device.js'\n\nimport fitty from 'fitty';\n\n/**\n * Handles loading, unloading and playback of slide\n * content such as images, videos and iframes.\n */\nexport default class SlideContent {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\tthis.startEmbeddedIframe = this.startEmbeddedIframe.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Should the given element be preloaded?\n\t * Decides based on local element attributes and global config.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} element\n\t */\n\tshouldPreload( element ) {\n\n\t\t// Prefer an explicit global preload setting\n\t\tlet preload = this.Reveal.getConfig().preloadIframes;\n\n\t\t// If no global setting is available, fall back on the element's\n\t\t// own preload setting\n\t\tif( typeof preload !== 'boolean' ) {\n\t\t\tpreload = element.hasAttribute( 'data-preload' );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn preload;\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the given slide is within the configured view\n\t * distance. Shows the slide element and loads any content\n\t * that is set to load lazily (data-src).\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} slide Slide to show\n\t */\n\tload( slide, options = {} ) {\n\n\t\t// Show the slide element\n\t\tslide.style.display = this.Reveal.getConfig().display;\n\n\t\t// Media elements with data-src attributes\n\t\tqueryAll( slide, 'img[data-src], video[data-src], audio[data-src], iframe[data-src]' ).forEach( element => {\n\t\t\tif( element.tagName !== 'IFRAME' || this.shouldPreload( element ) ) {\n\t\t\t\telement.setAttribute( 'src', element.getAttribute( 'data-src' ) );\n\t\t\t\telement.setAttribute( 'data-lazy-loaded', '' );\n\t\t\t\telement.removeAttribute( 'data-src' );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Media elements with children\n\t\tqueryAll( slide, 'video, audio' ).forEach( media => {\n\t\t\tlet sources = 0;\n\n\t\t\tqueryAll( media, 'source[data-src]' ).forEach( source => {\n\t\t\t\tsource.setAttribute( 'src', source.getAttribute( 'data-src' ) );\n\t\t\t\tsource.removeAttribute( 'data-src' );\n\t\t\t\tsource.setAttribute( 'data-lazy-loaded', '' );\n\t\t\t\tsources += 1;\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t// Enable inline video playback in mobile Safari\n\t\t\tif( isMobile && media.tagName === 'VIDEO' ) {\n\t\t\t\tmedia.setAttribute( 'playsinline', '' );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t// If we rewrote sources for this video/audio element, we need\n\t\t\t// to manually tell it to load from its new origin\n\t\t\tif( sources > 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\tmedia.load();\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\n\t\t// Show the corresponding background element\n\t\tlet background = slide.slideBackgroundElement;\n\t\tif( background ) {\n\t\t\tbackground.style.display = 'block';\n\n\t\t\tlet backgroundContent = slide.slideBackgroundContentElement;\n\t\t\tlet backgroundIframe = slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-iframe' );\n\n\t\t\t// If the background contains media, load it\n\t\t\tif( background.hasAttribute( 'data-loaded' ) === false ) {\n\t\t\t\tbackground.setAttribute( 'data-loaded', 'true' );\n\n\t\t\t\tlet backgroundImage = slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-image' ),\n\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundVideo = slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-video' ),\n\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundVideoLoop = slide.hasAttribute( 'data-background-video-loop' ),\n\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundVideoMuted = slide.hasAttribute( 'data-background-video-muted' );\n\n\t\t\t\t// Images\n\t\t\t\tif( backgroundImage ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t// base64\n\t\t\t\t\tif( /^data:/.test( backgroundImage.trim() ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundContent.style.backgroundImage = `url(${backgroundImage.trim()})`;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t// URL(s)\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundContent.style.backgroundImage = backgroundImage.split( ',' ).map( background => {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t// Decode URL(s) that are already encoded first\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlet decoded = decodeURI(background.trim());\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\treturn `url(${encodeRFC3986URI(decoded)})`;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}).join( ',' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t// Videos\n\t\t\t\telse if ( backgroundVideo && !this.Reveal.isSpeakerNotes() ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlet video = document.createElement( 'video' );\n\n\t\t\t\t\tif( backgroundVideoLoop ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tvideo.setAttribute( 'loop', '' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\tif( backgroundVideoMuted ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tvideo.muted = true;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// Enable inline playback in mobile Safari\n\t\t\t\t\t//\n\t\t\t\t\t// Mute is required for video to play when using\n\t\t\t\t\t// swipe gestures to navigate since they don't\n\t\t\t\t\t// count as direct user actions :'(\n\t\t\t\t\tif( isMobile ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tvideo.muted = true;\n\t\t\t\t\t\tvideo.setAttribute( 'playsinline', '' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// Support comma separated lists of video sources\n\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundVideo.split( ',' ).forEach( source => {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlet type = getMimeTypeFromFile( source );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( type ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tvideo.innerHTML += ``;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tvideo.innerHTML += ``;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundContent.appendChild( video );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t// Iframes\n\t\t\t\telse if( backgroundIframe && options.excludeIframes !== true ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlet iframe = document.createElement( 'iframe' );\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.setAttribute( 'allowfullscreen', '' );\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.setAttribute( 'mozallowfullscreen', '' );\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.setAttribute( 'webkitallowfullscreen', '' );\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.setAttribute( 'allow', 'autoplay' );\n\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.setAttribute( 'data-src', backgroundIframe );\n\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.style.width = '100%';\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.style.height = '100%';\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.style.maxHeight = '100%';\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.style.maxWidth = '100%';\n\n\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundContent.appendChild( iframe );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t// Start loading preloadable iframes\n\t\t\tlet backgroundIframeElement = backgroundContent.querySelector( 'iframe[data-src]' );\n\t\t\tif( backgroundIframeElement ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t// Check if this iframe is eligible to be preloaded\n\t\t\t\tif( this.shouldPreload( background ) && !/autoplay=(1|true|yes)/gi.test( backgroundIframe ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tif( backgroundIframeElement.getAttribute( 'src' ) !== backgroundIframe ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundIframeElement.setAttribute( 'src', backgroundIframe );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tthis.layout( slide );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Applies JS-dependent layout helpers for the scope.\n\t */\n\tlayout( scopeElement ) {\n\n\t\t// Autosize text with the r-fit-text class based on the\n\t\t// size of its container. This needs to happen after the\n\t\t// slide is visible in order to measure the text.\n\t\tArray.from( scopeElement.querySelectorAll( '.r-fit-text' ) ).forEach( element => {\n\t\t\tfitty( element, {\n\t\t\t\tminSize: 24,\n\t\t\t\tmaxSize: this.Reveal.getConfig().height * 0.8,\n\t\t\t\tobserveMutations: false,\n\t\t\t\tobserveWindow: false\n\t\t\t} );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Unloads and hides the given slide. This is called when the\n\t * slide is moved outside of the configured view distance.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} slide\n\t */\n\tunload( slide ) {\n\n\t\t// Hide the slide element\n\t\tslide.style.display = 'none';\n\n\t\t// Hide the corresponding background element\n\t\tlet background = this.Reveal.getSlideBackground( slide );\n\t\tif( background ) {\n\t\t\tbackground.style.display = 'none';\n\n\t\t\t// Unload any background iframes\n\t\t\tqueryAll( background, 'iframe[src]' ).forEach( element => {\n\t\t\t\telement.removeAttribute( 'src' );\n\t\t\t} );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Reset lazy-loaded media elements with src attributes\n\t\tqueryAll( slide, 'video[data-lazy-loaded][src], audio[data-lazy-loaded][src], iframe[data-lazy-loaded][src]' ).forEach( element => {\n\t\t\telement.setAttribute( 'data-src', element.getAttribute( 'src' ) );\n\t\t\telement.removeAttribute( 'src' );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Reset lazy-loaded media elements with children\n\t\tqueryAll( slide, 'video[data-lazy-loaded] source[src], audio source[src]' ).forEach( source => {\n\t\t\tsource.setAttribute( 'data-src', source.getAttribute( 'src' ) );\n\t\t\tsource.removeAttribute( 'src' );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Enforces origin-specific format rules for embedded media.\n\t */\n\tformatEmbeddedContent() {\n\n\t\tlet _appendParamToIframeSource = ( sourceAttribute, sourceURL, param ) => {\n\t\t\tqueryAll( this.Reveal.getSlidesElement(), 'iframe['+ sourceAttribute +'*=\"'+ sourceURL +'\"]' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\tlet src = el.getAttribute( sourceAttribute );\n\t\t\t\tif( src && src.indexOf( param ) === -1 ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tel.setAttribute( sourceAttribute, src + ( !/\\?/.test( src ) ? '?' : '&' ) + param );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t});\n\t\t};\n\n\t\t// YouTube frames must include \"?enablejsapi=1\"\n\t\t_appendParamToIframeSource( 'src', 'youtube.com/embed/', 'enablejsapi=1' );\n\t\t_appendParamToIframeSource( 'data-src', 'youtube.com/embed/', 'enablejsapi=1' );\n\n\t\t// Vimeo frames must include \"?api=1\"\n\t\t_appendParamToIframeSource( 'src', 'player.vimeo.com/', 'api=1' );\n\t\t_appendParamToIframeSource( 'data-src', 'player.vimeo.com/', 'api=1' );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Start playback of any embedded content inside of\n\t * the given element.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} element\n\t */\n\tstartEmbeddedContent( element ) {\n\n\t\tif( element && !this.Reveal.isSpeakerNotes() ) {\n\n\t\t\t// Restart GIFs\n\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'img[src$=\".gif\"]' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\t// Setting the same unchanged source like this was confirmed\n\t\t\t\t// to work in Chrome, FF & Safari\n\t\t\t\tel.setAttribute( 'src', el.getAttribute( 'src' ) );\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t// HTML5 media elements\n\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'video, audio' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\tif( closest( el, '.fragment' ) && !closest( el, '.fragment.visible' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t// Prefer an explicit global autoplay setting\n\t\t\t\tlet autoplay = this.Reveal.getConfig().autoPlayMedia;\n\n\t\t\t\t// If no global setting is available, fall back on the element's\n\t\t\t\t// own autoplay setting\n\t\t\t\tif( typeof autoplay !== 'boolean' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tautoplay = el.hasAttribute( 'data-autoplay' ) || !!closest( el, '.slide-background' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tif( autoplay && typeof el.play === 'function' ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// If the media is ready, start playback\n\t\t\t\t\tif( el.readyState > 1 ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.startEmbeddedMedia( { target: el } );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t// Mobile devices never fire a loaded event so instead\n\t\t\t\t\t// of waiting, we initiate playback\n\t\t\t\t\telse if( isMobile ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlet promise = el.play();\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// If autoplay does not work, ensure that the controls are visible so\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// that the viewer can start the media on their own\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( promise && typeof promise.catch === 'function' && el.controls === false ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tpromise.catch( () => {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tel.controls = true;\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t// Once the video does start playing, hide the controls again\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tel.addEventListener( 'play', () => {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tel.controls = false;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t// If the media isn't loaded, wait before playing\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tel.removeEventListener( 'loadeddata', this.startEmbeddedMedia ); // remove first to avoid dupes\n\t\t\t\t\t\tel.addEventListener( 'loadeddata', this.startEmbeddedMedia );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t// Normal iframes\n\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'iframe[src]' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\tif( closest( el, '.fragment' ) && !closest( el, '.fragment.visible' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tthis.startEmbeddedIframe( { target: el } );\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t// Lazy loading iframes\n\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'iframe[data-src]' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\tif( closest( el, '.fragment' ) && !closest( el, '.fragment.visible' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tif( el.getAttribute( 'src' ) !== el.getAttribute( 'data-src' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tel.removeEventListener( 'load', this.startEmbeddedIframe ); // remove first to avoid dupes\n\t\t\t\t\tel.addEventListener( 'load', this.startEmbeddedIframe );\n\t\t\t\t\tel.setAttribute( 'src', el.getAttribute( 'data-src' ) );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Starts playing an embedded video/audio element after\n\t * it has finished loading.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tstartEmbeddedMedia( event ) {\n\n\t\tlet isAttachedToDOM = !!closest( event.target, 'html' ),\n\t\t\tisVisible \t\t= !!closest( event.target, '.present' );\n\n\t\tif( isAttachedToDOM && isVisible ) {\n\t\t\tevent.target.currentTime = 0;\n\t\t\tevent.target.play();\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tevent.target.removeEventListener( 'loadeddata', this.startEmbeddedMedia );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * \"Starts\" the content of an embedded iframe using the\n\t * postMessage API.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tstartEmbeddedIframe( event ) {\n\n\t\tlet iframe = event.target;\n\n\t\tif( iframe && iframe.contentWindow ) {\n\n\t\t\tlet isAttachedToDOM = !!closest( event.target, 'html' ),\n\t\t\t\tisVisible \t\t= !!closest( event.target, '.present' );\n\n\t\t\tif( isAttachedToDOM && isVisible ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t// Prefer an explicit global autoplay setting\n\t\t\t\tlet autoplay = this.Reveal.getConfig().autoPlayMedia;\n\n\t\t\t\t// If no global setting is available, fall back on the element's\n\t\t\t\t// own autoplay setting\n\t\t\t\tif( typeof autoplay !== 'boolean' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tautoplay = iframe.hasAttribute( 'data-autoplay' ) || !!closest( iframe, '.slide-background' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t// YouTube postMessage API\n\t\t\t\tif( /youtube\\.com\\/embed\\//.test( iframe.getAttribute( 'src' ) ) && autoplay ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.contentWindow.postMessage( '{\"event\":\"command\",\"func\":\"playVideo\",\"args\":\"\"}', '*' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t// Vimeo postMessage API\n\t\t\t\telse if( /player\\.vimeo\\.com\\//.test( iframe.getAttribute( 'src' ) ) && autoplay ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.contentWindow.postMessage( '{\"method\":\"play\"}', '*' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t// Generic postMessage API\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tiframe.contentWindow.postMessage( 'slide:start', '*' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Stop playback of any embedded content inside of\n\t * the targeted slide.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} element\n\t */\n\tstopEmbeddedContent( element, options = {} ) {\n\n\t\toptions = extend( {\n\t\t\t// Defaults\n\t\t\tunloadIframes: true\n\t\t}, options );\n\n\t\tif( element && element.parentNode ) {\n\t\t\t// HTML5 media elements\n\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'video, audio' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\tif( !el.hasAttribute( 'data-ignore' ) && typeof el.pause === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tel.setAttribute('data-paused-by-reveal', '');\n\t\t\t\t\tel.pause();\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t// Generic postMessage API for non-lazy loaded iframes\n\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'iframe' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\tif( el.contentWindow ) el.contentWindow.postMessage( 'slide:stop', '*' );\n\t\t\t\tel.removeEventListener( 'load', this.startEmbeddedIframe );\n\t\t\t});\n\n\t\t\t// YouTube postMessage API\n\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'iframe[src*=\"youtube.com/embed/\"]' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\tif( !el.hasAttribute( 'data-ignore' ) && el.contentWindow && typeof el.contentWindow.postMessage === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tel.contentWindow.postMessage( '{\"event\":\"command\",\"func\":\"pauseVideo\",\"args\":\"\"}', '*' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t});\n\n\t\t\t// Vimeo postMessage API\n\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'iframe[src*=\"player.vimeo.com/\"]' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\tif( !el.hasAttribute( 'data-ignore' ) && el.contentWindow && typeof el.contentWindow.postMessage === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tel.contentWindow.postMessage( '{\"method\":\"pause\"}', '*' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t});\n\n\t\t\tif( options.unloadIframes === true ) {\n\t\t\t\t// Unload lazy-loaded iframes\n\t\t\t\tqueryAll( element, 'iframe[data-src]' ).forEach( el => {\n\t\t\t\t\t// Only removing the src doesn't actually unload the frame\n\t\t\t\t\t// in all browsers (Firefox) so we set it to blank first\n\t\t\t\t\tel.setAttribute( 'src', 'about:blank' );\n\t\t\t\t\tel.removeAttribute( 'src' );\n\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n}\n","/**\n * Handles the display of reveal.js' optional slide number.\n */\nexport default class SlideNumber {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t}\n\n\trender() {\n\n\t\tthis.element = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\tthis.element.className = 'slide-number';\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().appendChild( this.element );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the reveal.js config is updated.\n\t */\n\tconfigure( config, oldConfig ) {\n\n\t\tlet slideNumberDisplay = 'none';\n\t\tif( config.slideNumber && !this.Reveal.isPrintingPDF() ) {\n\t\t\tif( config.showSlideNumber === 'all' ) {\n\t\t\t\tslideNumberDisplay = 'block';\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse if( config.showSlideNumber === 'speaker' && this.Reveal.isSpeakerNotes() ) {\n\t\t\t\tslideNumberDisplay = 'block';\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tthis.element.style.display = slideNumberDisplay;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Updates the slide number to match the current slide.\n\t */\n\tupdate() {\n\n\t\t// Update slide number if enabled\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().slideNumber && this.element ) {\n\t\t\tthis.element.innerHTML = this.getSlideNumber();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Returns the HTML string corresponding to the current slide\n\t * number, including formatting.\n\t */\n\tgetSlideNumber( slide = this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide() ) {\n\n\t\tlet config = this.Reveal.getConfig();\n\t\tlet value;\n\t\tlet format = 'h.v';\n\n\t\tif ( typeof config.slideNumber === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\tvalue = config.slideNumber( slide );\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\t// Check if a custom number format is available\n\t\t\tif( typeof config.slideNumber === 'string' ) {\n\t\t\t\tformat = config.slideNumber;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t// If there are ONLY vertical slides in this deck, always use\n\t\t\t// a flattened slide number\n\t\t\tif( !/c/.test( format ) && this.Reveal.getHorizontalSlides().length === 1 ) {\n\t\t\t\tformat = 'c';\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t// Offset the current slide number by 1 to make it 1-indexed\n\t\t\tlet horizontalOffset = slide && slide.dataset.visibility === 'uncounted' ? 0 : 1;\n\n\t\t\tvalue = [];\n\t\t\tswitch( format ) {\n\t\t\t\tcase 'c':\n\t\t\t\t\tvalue.push( this.Reveal.getSlidePastCount( slide ) + horizontalOffset );\n\t\t\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t\t\tcase 'c/t':\n\t\t\t\t\tvalue.push( this.Reveal.getSlidePastCount( slide ) + horizontalOffset, '/', this.Reveal.getTotalSlides() );\n\t\t\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t\t\tdefault:\n\t\t\t\t\tlet indices = this.Reveal.getIndices( slide );\n\t\t\t\t\tvalue.push( indices.h + horizontalOffset );\n\t\t\t\t\tlet sep = format === 'h/v' ? '/' : '.';\n\t\t\t\t\tif( this.Reveal.isVerticalSlide( slide ) ) value.push( sep, indices.v + 1 );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tlet url = '#' + this.Reveal.location.getHash( slide );\n\t\treturn this.formatNumber( value[0], value[1], value[2], url );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Applies HTML formatting to a slide number before it's\n\t * written to the DOM.\n\t *\n\t * @param {number} a Current slide\n\t * @param {string} delimiter Character to separate slide numbers\n\t * @param {(number|*)} b Total slides\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} [url='#'+locationHash()] The url to link to\n\t * @return {string} HTML string fragment\n\t */\n\tformatNumber( a, delimiter, b, url = '#' + this.Reveal.location.getHash() ) {\n\n\t\tif( typeof b === 'number' && !isNaN( b ) ) {\n\t\t\treturn `\n\t\t\t\t\t${a}\n\t\t\t\t\t${delimiter}\n\t\t\t\t\t${b}\n\t\t\t\t\t`;\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\treturn `\n\t\t\t\t\t${a}\n\t\t\t\t\t`;\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tdestroy() {\n\n\t\tthis.element.remove();\n\n\t}\n\n}","/**\n * Makes it possible to jump to a slide by entering its\n * slide number or id.\n */\nexport default class JumpToSlide {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\tthis.onInput = this.onInput.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onBlur = this.onBlur.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onKeyDown = this.onKeyDown.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\trender() {\n\n\t\tthis.element = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\tthis.element.className = 'jump-to-slide';\n\n this.jumpInput = document.createElement( 'input' );\n this.jumpInput.type = 'text';\n this.jumpInput.className = 'jump-to-slide-input';\n this.jumpInput.placeholder = 'Jump to slide';\n\t\tthis.jumpInput.addEventListener( 'input', this.onInput );\n\t\tthis.jumpInput.addEventListener( 'keydown', this.onKeyDown );\n\t\tthis.jumpInput.addEventListener( 'blur', this.onBlur );\n\n this.element.appendChild( this.jumpInput );\n\n\t}\n\n\tshow() {\n\n\t\tthis.indicesOnShow = this.Reveal.getIndices();\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().appendChild( this.element );\n\t\tthis.jumpInput.focus();\n\n\t}\n\n\thide() {\n\n\t\tif( this.isVisible() ) {\n\t\t\tthis.element.remove();\n\t\t\tthis.jumpInput.value = '';\n\n\t\t\tclearTimeout( this.jumpTimeout );\n\t\t\tdelete this.jumpTimeout;\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tisVisible() {\n\n\t\treturn !!this.element.parentNode;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Parses the current input and jumps to the given slide.\n\t */\n\tjump() {\n\n\t\tclearTimeout( this.jumpTimeout );\n\t\tdelete this.jumpTimeout;\n\n\t\tconst query = this.jumpInput.value.trim( '' );\n\t\tlet indices = this.Reveal.location.getIndicesFromHash( query, { oneBasedIndex: true } );\n\n\t\t// If no valid index was found and the input query is a\n\t\t// string, fall back on a simple search\n\t\tif( !indices && /\\S+/i.test( query ) && query.length > 1 ) {\n\t\t\tindices = this.search( query );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif( indices && query !== '' ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( indices.h, indices.v, indices.f );\n\t\t\treturn true;\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( this.indicesOnShow.h, this.indicesOnShow.v, this.indicesOnShow.f );\n\t\t\treturn false;\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tjumpAfter( delay ) {\n\n\t\tclearTimeout( this.jumpTimeout );\n\t\tthis.jumpTimeout = setTimeout( () => this.jump(), delay );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * A lofi search that looks for the given query in all\n\t * of our slides and returns the first match.\n\t */\n\tsearch( query ) {\n\n\t\tconst regex = new RegExp( '\\\\b' + query.trim() + '\\\\b', 'i' );\n\n\t\tconst slide = this.Reveal.getSlides().find( ( slide ) => {\n\t\t\treturn regex.test( slide.innerText );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\tif( slide ) {\n\t\t\treturn this.Reveal.getIndices( slide );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\treturn null;\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Reverts back to the slide we were on when jump to slide was\n\t * invoked.\n\t */\n\tcancel() {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( this.indicesOnShow.h, this.indicesOnShow.v, this.indicesOnShow.f );\n\t\tthis.hide();\n\n\t}\n\n\tconfirm() {\n\n\t\tthis.jump();\n\t\tthis.hide();\n\n\t}\n\n\tdestroy() {\n\n\t\tthis.jumpInput.removeEventListener( 'input', this.onInput );\n\t\tthis.jumpInput.removeEventListener( 'keydown', this.onKeyDown );\n\t\tthis.jumpInput.removeEventListener( 'blur', this.onBlur );\n\n\t\tthis.element.remove();\n\n\t}\n\n\tonKeyDown( event ) {\n\n\t\tif( event.keyCode === 13 ) {\n\t\t\tthis.confirm();\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if( event.keyCode === 27 ) {\n\t\t\tthis.cancel();\n\n\t\t\tevent.stopImmediatePropagation();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tonInput( event ) {\n\n\t\tthis.jumpAfter( 200 );\n\n\t}\n\n\tonBlur() {\n\n\t\tsetTimeout( () => this.hide(), 1 );\n\n\t}\n\n}","/**\n * Converts various color input formats to an {r:0,g:0,b:0} object.\n *\n * @param {string} color The string representation of a color\n * @example\n * colorToRgb('#000');\n * @example\n * colorToRgb('#000000');\n * @example\n * colorToRgb('rgb(0,0,0)');\n * @example\n * colorToRgb('rgba(0,0,0)');\n *\n * @return {{r: number, g: number, b: number, [a]: number}|null}\n */\nexport const colorToRgb = ( color ) => {\n\n\tlet hex3 = color.match( /^#([0-9a-f]{3})$/i );\n\tif( hex3 && hex3[1] ) {\n\t\thex3 = hex3[1];\n\t\treturn {\n\t\t\tr: parseInt( hex3.charAt( 0 ), 16 ) * 0x11,\n\t\t\tg: parseInt( hex3.charAt( 1 ), 16 ) * 0x11,\n\t\t\tb: parseInt( hex3.charAt( 2 ), 16 ) * 0x11\n\t\t};\n\t}\n\n\tlet hex6 = color.match( /^#([0-9a-f]{6})$/i );\n\tif( hex6 && hex6[1] ) {\n\t\thex6 = hex6[1];\n\t\treturn {\n\t\t\tr: parseInt( hex6.slice( 0, 2 ), 16 ),\n\t\t\tg: parseInt( hex6.slice( 2, 4 ), 16 ),\n\t\t\tb: parseInt( hex6.slice( 4, 6 ), 16 )\n\t\t};\n\t}\n\n\tlet rgb = color.match( /^rgb\\s*\\(\\s*(\\d+)\\s*,\\s*(\\d+)\\s*,\\s*(\\d+)\\s*\\)$/i );\n\tif( rgb ) {\n\t\treturn {\n\t\t\tr: parseInt( rgb[1], 10 ),\n\t\t\tg: parseInt( rgb[2], 10 ),\n\t\t\tb: parseInt( rgb[3], 10 )\n\t\t};\n\t}\n\n\tlet rgba = color.match( /^rgba\\s*\\(\\s*(\\d+)\\s*,\\s*(\\d+)\\s*,\\s*(\\d+)\\s*\\,\\s*([\\d]+|[\\d]*.[\\d]+)\\s*\\)$/i );\n\tif( rgba ) {\n\t\treturn {\n\t\t\tr: parseInt( rgba[1], 10 ),\n\t\t\tg: parseInt( rgba[2], 10 ),\n\t\t\tb: parseInt( rgba[3], 10 ),\n\t\t\ta: parseFloat( rgba[4] )\n\t\t};\n\t}\n\n\treturn null;\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Calculates brightness on a scale of 0-255.\n *\n * @param {string} color See colorToRgb for supported formats.\n * @see {@link colorToRgb}\n */\nexport const colorBrightness = ( color ) => {\n\n\tif( typeof color === 'string' ) color = colorToRgb( color );\n\n\tif( color ) {\n\t\treturn ( color.r * 299 + color.g * 587 + color.b * 114 ) / 1000;\n\t}\n\n\treturn null;\n\n}","import { queryAll } from '../utils/util.js'\nimport { colorToRgb, colorBrightness } from '../utils/color.js'\n\n/**\n * Creates and updates slide backgrounds.\n */\nexport default class Backgrounds {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t}\n\n\trender() {\n\n\t\tthis.element = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\tthis.element.className = 'backgrounds';\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().appendChild( this.element );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Creates the slide background elements and appends them\n\t * to the background container. One element is created per\n\t * slide no matter if the given slide has visible background.\n\t */\n\tcreate() {\n\n\t\t// Clear prior backgrounds\n\t\tthis.element.innerHTML = '';\n\t\tthis.element.classList.add( 'no-transition' );\n\n\t\t// Iterate over all horizontal slides\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getHorizontalSlides().forEach( slideh => {\n\n\t\t\tlet backgroundStack = this.createBackground( slideh, this.element );\n\n\t\t\t// Iterate over all vertical slides\n\t\t\tqueryAll( slideh, 'section' ).forEach( slidev => {\n\n\t\t\t\tthis.createBackground( slidev, backgroundStack );\n\n\t\t\t\tbackgroundStack.classList.add( 'stack' );\n\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Add parallax background if specified\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundImage ) {\n\n\t\t\tthis.element.style.backgroundImage = 'url(\"' + this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundImage + '\")';\n\t\t\tthis.element.style.backgroundSize = this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundSize;\n\t\t\tthis.element.style.backgroundRepeat = this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundRepeat;\n\t\t\tthis.element.style.backgroundPosition = this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundPosition;\n\n\t\t\t// Make sure the below properties are set on the element - these properties are\n\t\t\t// needed for proper transitions to be set on the element via CSS. To remove\n\t\t\t// annoying background slide-in effect when the presentation starts, apply\n\t\t\t// these properties after short time delay\n\t\t\tsetTimeout( () => {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.add( 'has-parallax-background' );\n\t\t\t}, 1 );\n\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\n\t\t\tthis.element.style.backgroundImage = '';\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.remove( 'has-parallax-background' );\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Creates a background for the given slide.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} slide\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} container The element that the background\n\t * should be appended to\n\t * @return {HTMLElement} New background div\n\t */\n\tcreateBackground( slide, container ) {\n\n\t\t// Main slide background element\n\t\tlet element = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\telement.className = 'slide-background ' + slide.className.replace( /present|past|future/, '' );\n\n\t\t// Inner background element that wraps images/videos/iframes\n\t\tlet contentElement = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\tcontentElement.className = 'slide-background-content';\n\n\t\telement.appendChild( contentElement );\n\t\tcontainer.appendChild( element );\n\n\t\tslide.slideBackgroundElement = element;\n\t\tslide.slideBackgroundContentElement = contentElement;\n\n\t\t// Syncs the background to reflect all current background settings\n\t\tthis.sync( slide );\n\n\t\treturn element;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Renders all of the visual properties of a slide background\n\t * based on the various background attributes.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} slide\n\t */\n\tsync( slide ) {\n\n\t\tconst element = slide.slideBackgroundElement,\n\t\t\tcontentElement = slide.slideBackgroundContentElement;\n\n\t\tconst data = {\n\t\t\tbackground: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundSize: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-size' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundImage: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-image' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundVideo: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-video' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundIframe: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-iframe' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundColor: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-color' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundGradient: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-gradient' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundRepeat: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-repeat' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundPosition: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-position' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundTransition: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-transition' ),\n\t\t\tbackgroundOpacity: slide.getAttribute( 'data-background-opacity' ),\n\t\t};\n\n\t\tconst dataPreload = slide.hasAttribute( 'data-preload' );\n\n\t\t// Reset the prior background state in case this is not the\n\t\t// initial sync\n\t\tslide.classList.remove( 'has-dark-background' );\n\t\tslide.classList.remove( 'has-light-background' );\n\n\t\telement.removeAttribute( 'data-loaded' );\n\t\telement.removeAttribute( 'data-background-hash' );\n\t\telement.removeAttribute( 'data-background-size' );\n\t\telement.removeAttribute( 'data-background-transition' );\n\t\telement.style.backgroundColor = '';\n\n\t\tcontentElement.style.backgroundSize = '';\n\t\tcontentElement.style.backgroundRepeat = '';\n\t\tcontentElement.style.backgroundPosition = '';\n\t\tcontentElement.style.backgroundImage = '';\n\t\tcontentElement.style.opacity = '';\n\t\tcontentElement.innerHTML = '';\n\n\t\tif( data.background ) {\n\t\t\t// Auto-wrap image urls in url(...)\n\t\t\tif( /^(http|file|\\/\\/)/gi.test( data.background ) || /\\.(svg|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|bmp|webp)([?#\\s]|$)/gi.test( data.background ) ) {\n\t\t\t\tslide.setAttribute( 'data-background-image', data.background );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\telement.style.background = data.background;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Create a hash for this combination of background settings.\n\t\t// This is used to determine when two slide backgrounds are\n\t\t// the same.\n\t\tif( data.background || data.backgroundColor || data.backgroundGradient || data.backgroundImage || data.backgroundVideo || data.backgroundIframe ) {\n\t\t\telement.setAttribute( 'data-background-hash', data.background +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundSize +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundImage +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundVideo +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundIframe +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundColor +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundGradient +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundRepeat +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundPosition +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundTransition +\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata.backgroundOpacity );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Additional and optional background properties\n\t\tif( data.backgroundSize ) element.setAttribute( 'data-background-size', data.backgroundSize );\n\t\tif( data.backgroundColor ) element.style.backgroundColor = data.backgroundColor;\n\t\tif( data.backgroundGradient ) element.style.backgroundImage = data.backgroundGradient;\n\t\tif( data.backgroundTransition ) element.setAttribute( 'data-background-transition', data.backgroundTransition );\n\n\t\tif( dataPreload ) element.setAttribute( 'data-preload', '' );\n\n\t\t// Background image options are set on the content wrapper\n\t\tif( data.backgroundSize ) contentElement.style.backgroundSize = data.backgroundSize;\n\t\tif( data.backgroundRepeat ) contentElement.style.backgroundRepeat = data.backgroundRepeat;\n\t\tif( data.backgroundPosition ) contentElement.style.backgroundPosition = data.backgroundPosition;\n\t\tif( data.backgroundOpacity ) contentElement.style.opacity = data.backgroundOpacity;\n\n\t\t// If this slide has a background color, we add a class that\n\t\t// signals if it is light or dark. If the slide has no background\n\t\t// color, no class will be added\n\t\tlet contrastColor = data.backgroundColor;\n\n\t\t// If no bg color was found, or it cannot be converted by colorToRgb, check the computed background\n\t\tif( !contrastColor || !colorToRgb( contrastColor ) ) {\n\t\t\tlet computedBackgroundStyle = window.getComputedStyle( element );\n\t\t\tif( computedBackgroundStyle && computedBackgroundStyle.backgroundColor ) {\n\t\t\t\tcontrastColor = computedBackgroundStyle.backgroundColor;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif( contrastColor ) {\n\t\t\tconst rgb = colorToRgb( contrastColor );\n\n\t\t\t// Ignore fully transparent backgrounds. Some browsers return\n\t\t\t// rgba(0,0,0,0) when reading the computed background color of\n\t\t\t// an element with no background\n\t\t\tif( rgb && rgb.a !== 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\tif( colorBrightness( contrastColor ) < 128 ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tslide.classList.add( 'has-dark-background' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tslide.classList.add( 'has-light-background' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Updates the background elements to reflect the current\n\t * slide.\n\t *\n\t * @param {boolean} includeAll If true, the backgrounds of\n\t * all vertical slides (not just the present) will be updated.\n\t */\n\tupdate( includeAll = false ) {\n\n\t\tlet currentSlide = this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide();\n\t\tlet indices = this.Reveal.getIndices();\n\n\t\tlet currentBackground = null;\n\n\t\t// Reverse past/future classes when in RTL mode\n\t\tlet horizontalPast = this.Reveal.getConfig().rtl ? 'future' : 'past',\n\t\t\thorizontalFuture = this.Reveal.getConfig().rtl ? 'past' : 'future';\n\n\t\t// Update the classes of all backgrounds to match the\n\t\t// states of their slides (past/present/future)\n\t\tArray.from( this.element.childNodes ).forEach( ( backgroundh, h ) => {\n\n\t\t\tbackgroundh.classList.remove( 'past', 'present', 'future' );\n\n\t\t\tif( h < indices.h ) {\n\t\t\t\tbackgroundh.classList.add( horizontalPast );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse if ( h > indices.h ) {\n\t\t\t\tbackgroundh.classList.add( horizontalFuture );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\tbackgroundh.classList.add( 'present' );\n\n\t\t\t\t// Store a reference to the current background element\n\t\t\t\tcurrentBackground = backgroundh;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tif( includeAll || h === indices.h ) {\n\t\t\t\tqueryAll( backgroundh, '.slide-background' ).forEach( ( backgroundv, v ) => {\n\n\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundv.classList.remove( 'past', 'present', 'future' );\n\n\t\t\t\t\tif( v < indices.v ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundv.classList.add( 'past' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse if ( v > indices.v ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundv.classList.add( 'future' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tbackgroundv.classList.add( 'present' );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// Only if this is the present horizontal and vertical slide\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( h === indices.h ) currentBackground = backgroundv;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Stop content inside of previous backgrounds\n\t\tif( this.previousBackground ) {\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slideContent.stopEmbeddedContent( this.previousBackground, { unloadIframes: !this.Reveal.slideContent.shouldPreload( this.previousBackground ) } );\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Start content in the current background\n\t\tif( currentBackground ) {\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slideContent.startEmbeddedContent( currentBackground );\n\n\t\t\tlet currentBackgroundContent = currentBackground.querySelector( '.slide-background-content' );\n\t\t\tif( currentBackgroundContent ) {\n\n\t\t\t\tlet backgroundImageURL = currentBackgroundContent.style.backgroundImage || '';\n\n\t\t\t\t// Restart GIFs (doesn't work in Firefox)\n\t\t\t\tif( /\\.gif/i.test( backgroundImageURL ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tcurrentBackgroundContent.style.backgroundImage = '';\n\t\t\t\t\twindow.getComputedStyle( currentBackgroundContent ).opacity;\n\t\t\t\t\tcurrentBackgroundContent.style.backgroundImage = backgroundImageURL;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t// Don't transition between identical backgrounds. This\n\t\t\t// prevents unwanted flicker.\n\t\t\tlet previousBackgroundHash = this.previousBackground ? this.previousBackground.getAttribute( 'data-background-hash' ) : null;\n\t\t\tlet currentBackgroundHash = currentBackground.getAttribute( 'data-background-hash' );\n\t\t\tif( currentBackgroundHash && currentBackgroundHash === previousBackgroundHash && currentBackground !== this.previousBackground ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.element.classList.add( 'no-transition' );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tthis.previousBackground = currentBackground;\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// If there's a background brightness flag for this slide,\n\t\t// bubble it to the .reveal container\n\t\tif( currentSlide ) {\n\t\t\t[ 'has-light-background', 'has-dark-background' ].forEach( classToBubble => {\n\t\t\t\tif( currentSlide.classList.contains( classToBubble ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.add( classToBubble );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.remove( classToBubble );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}, this );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Allow the first background to apply without transition\n\t\tsetTimeout( () => {\n\t\t\tthis.element.classList.remove( 'no-transition' );\n\t\t}, 1 );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Updates the position of the parallax background based\n\t * on the current slide index.\n\t */\n\tupdateParallax() {\n\n\t\tlet indices = this.Reveal.getIndices();\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundImage ) {\n\n\t\t\tlet horizontalSlides = this.Reveal.getHorizontalSlides(),\n\t\t\t\tverticalSlides = this.Reveal.getVerticalSlides();\n\n\t\t\tlet backgroundSize = this.element.style.backgroundSize.split( ' ' ),\n\t\t\t\tbackgroundWidth, backgroundHeight;\n\n\t\t\tif( backgroundSize.length === 1 ) {\n\t\t\t\tbackgroundWidth = backgroundHeight = parseInt( backgroundSize[0], 10 );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\tbackgroundWidth = parseInt( backgroundSize[0], 10 );\n\t\t\t\tbackgroundHeight = parseInt( backgroundSize[1], 10 );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tlet slideWidth = this.element.offsetWidth,\n\t\t\t\thorizontalSlideCount = horizontalSlides.length,\n\t\t\t\thorizontalOffsetMultiplier,\n\t\t\t\thorizontalOffset;\n\n\t\t\tif( typeof this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundHorizontal === 'number' ) {\n\t\t\t\thorizontalOffsetMultiplier = this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundHorizontal;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\thorizontalOffsetMultiplier = horizontalSlideCount > 1 ? ( backgroundWidth - slideWidth ) / ( horizontalSlideCount-1 ) : 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\thorizontalOffset = horizontalOffsetMultiplier * indices.h * -1;\n\n\t\t\tlet slideHeight = this.element.offsetHeight,\n\t\t\t\tverticalSlideCount = verticalSlides.length,\n\t\t\t\tverticalOffsetMultiplier,\n\t\t\t\tverticalOffset;\n\n\t\t\tif( typeof this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundVertical === 'number' ) {\n\t\t\t\tverticalOffsetMultiplier = this.Reveal.getConfig().parallaxBackgroundVertical;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\tverticalOffsetMultiplier = ( backgroundHeight - slideHeight ) / ( verticalSlideCount-1 );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tverticalOffset = verticalSlideCount > 0 ? verticalOffsetMultiplier * indices.v : 0;\n\n\t\t\tthis.element.style.backgroundPosition = horizontalOffset + 'px ' + -verticalOffset + 'px';\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tdestroy() {\n\n\t\tthis.element.remove();\n\n\t}\n\n}\n","\nexport const SLIDES_SELECTOR = '.slides section';\nexport const HORIZONTAL_SLIDES_SELECTOR = '.slides>section';\nexport const VERTICAL_SLIDES_SELECTOR = '.slides>section.present>section';\n\n// Methods that may not be invoked via the postMessage API\nexport const POST_MESSAGE_METHOD_BLACKLIST = /registerPlugin|registerKeyboardShortcut|addKeyBinding|addEventListener|showPreview/;\n\n// Regex for retrieving the fragment style from a class attribute\nexport const FRAGMENT_STYLE_REGEX = /fade-(down|up|right|left|out|in-then-out|in-then-semi-out)|semi-fade-out|current-visible|shrink|grow/;","import { queryAll, extend, createStyleSheet, matches, closest } from '../utils/util.js'\nimport { FRAGMENT_STYLE_REGEX } from '../utils/constants.js'\n\n// Counter used to generate unique IDs for auto-animated elements\nlet autoAnimateCounter = 0;\n\n/**\n * Automatically animates matching elements across\n * slides with the [data-auto-animate] attribute.\n */\nexport default class AutoAnimate {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Runs an auto-animation between the given slides.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} fromSlide\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} toSlide\n\t */\n\trun( fromSlide, toSlide ) {\n\n\t\t// Clean up after prior animations\n\t\tthis.reset();\n\n\t\tlet allSlides = this.Reveal.getSlides();\n\t\tlet toSlideIndex = allSlides.indexOf( toSlide );\n\t\tlet fromSlideIndex = allSlides.indexOf( fromSlide );\n\n\t\t// Ensure that both slides are auto-animate targets with the same data-auto-animate-id value\n\t\t// (including null if absent on both) and that data-auto-animate-restart isn't set on the\n\t\t// physically latter slide (independent of slide direction)\n\t\tif( fromSlide.hasAttribute( 'data-auto-animate' ) && toSlide.hasAttribute( 'data-auto-animate' )\n\t\t\t\t&& fromSlide.getAttribute( 'data-auto-animate-id' ) === toSlide.getAttribute( 'data-auto-animate-id' ) \n\t\t\t\t&& !( toSlideIndex > fromSlideIndex ? toSlide : fromSlide ).hasAttribute( 'data-auto-animate-restart' ) ) {\n\n\t\t\t// Create a new auto-animate sheet\n\t\t\tthis.autoAnimateStyleSheet = this.autoAnimateStyleSheet || createStyleSheet();\n\n\t\t\tlet animationOptions = this.getAutoAnimateOptions( toSlide );\n\n\t\t\t// Set our starting state\n\t\t\tfromSlide.dataset.autoAnimate = 'pending';\n\t\t\ttoSlide.dataset.autoAnimate = 'pending';\n\n\t\t\t// Flag the navigation direction, needed for fragment buildup\n\t\t\tanimationOptions.slideDirection = toSlideIndex > fromSlideIndex ? 'forward' : 'backward';\n\n\t\t\t// If the from-slide is hidden because it has moved outside\n\t\t\t// the view distance, we need to temporarily show it while\n\t\t\t// measuring\n\t\t\tlet fromSlideIsHidden = fromSlide.style.display === 'none';\n\t\t\tif( fromSlideIsHidden ) fromSlide.style.display = this.Reveal.getConfig().display;\n\n\t\t\t// Inject our auto-animate styles for this transition\n\t\t\tlet css = this.getAutoAnimatableElements( fromSlide, toSlide ).map( elements => {\n\t\t\t\treturn this.autoAnimateElements( elements.from, elements.to, elements.options || {}, animationOptions, autoAnimateCounter++ );\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\tif( fromSlideIsHidden ) fromSlide.style.display = 'none';\n\n\t\t\t// Animate unmatched elements, if enabled\n\t\t\tif( toSlide.dataset.autoAnimateUnmatched !== 'false' && this.Reveal.getConfig().autoAnimateUnmatched === true ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t// Our default timings for unmatched elements\n\t\t\t\tlet defaultUnmatchedDuration = animationOptions.duration * 0.8,\n\t\t\t\t\tdefaultUnmatchedDelay = animationOptions.duration * 0.2;\n\n\t\t\t\tthis.getUnmatchedAutoAnimateElements( toSlide ).forEach( unmatchedElement => {\n\n\t\t\t\t\tlet unmatchedOptions = this.getAutoAnimateOptions( unmatchedElement, animationOptions );\n\t\t\t\t\tlet id = 'unmatched';\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// If there is a duration or delay set specifically for this\n\t\t\t\t\t// element our unmatched elements should adhere to those\n\t\t\t\t\tif( unmatchedOptions.duration !== animationOptions.duration || unmatchedOptions.delay !== animationOptions.delay ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tid = 'unmatched-' + autoAnimateCounter++;\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcss.push( `[data-auto-animate=\"running\"] [data-auto-animate-target=\"${id}\"] { transition: opacity ${unmatchedOptions.duration}s ease ${unmatchedOptions.delay}s; }` );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\tunmatchedElement.dataset.autoAnimateTarget = id;\n\n\t\t\t\t}, this );\n\n\t\t\t\t// Our default transition for unmatched elements\n\t\t\t\tcss.push( `[data-auto-animate=\"running\"] [data-auto-animate-target=\"unmatched\"] { transition: opacity ${defaultUnmatchedDuration}s ease ${defaultUnmatchedDelay}s; }` );\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t// Setting the whole chunk of CSS at once is the most\n\t\t\t// efficient way to do this. Using sheet.insertRule\n\t\t\t// is multiple factors slower.\n\t\t\tthis.autoAnimateStyleSheet.innerHTML = css.join( '' );\n\n\t\t\t// Start the animation next cycle\n\t\t\trequestAnimationFrame( () => {\n\t\t\t\tif( this.autoAnimateStyleSheet ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t// This forces our newly injected styles to be applied in Firefox\n\t\t\t\t\tgetComputedStyle( this.autoAnimateStyleSheet ).fontWeight;\n\n\t\t\t\t\ttoSlide.dataset.autoAnimate = 'running';\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.dispatchEvent({\n\t\t\t\ttype: 'autoanimate',\n\t\t\t\tdata: {\n\t\t\t\t\tfromSlide,\n\t\t\t\t\ttoSlide,\n\t\t\t\t\tsheet: this.autoAnimateStyleSheet\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t});\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Rolls back all changes that we've made to the DOM so\n\t * that as part of animating.\n\t */\n\treset() {\n\n\t\t// Reset slides\n\t\tqueryAll( this.Reveal.getRevealElement(), '[data-auto-animate]:not([data-auto-animate=\"\"])' ).forEach( element => {\n\t\t\telement.dataset.autoAnimate = '';\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Reset elements\n\t\tqueryAll( this.Reveal.getRevealElement(), '[data-auto-animate-target]' ).forEach( element => {\n\t\t\tdelete element.dataset.autoAnimateTarget;\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Remove the animation sheet\n\t\tif( this.autoAnimateStyleSheet && this.autoAnimateStyleSheet.parentNode ) {\n\t\t\tthis.autoAnimateStyleSheet.parentNode.removeChild( this.autoAnimateStyleSheet );\n\t\t\tthis.autoAnimateStyleSheet = null;\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Creates a FLIP animation where the `to` element starts out\n\t * in the `from` element position and animates to its original\n\t * state.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} from\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} to\n\t * @param {Object} elementOptions Options for this element pair\n\t * @param {Object} animationOptions Options set at the slide level\n\t * @param {String} id Unique ID that we can use to identify this\n\t * auto-animate element in the DOM\n\t */\n\tautoAnimateElements( from, to, elementOptions, animationOptions, id ) {\n\n\t\t// 'from' elements are given a data-auto-animate-target with no value,\n\t\t// 'to' elements are are given a data-auto-animate-target with an ID\n\t\tfrom.dataset.autoAnimateTarget = '';\n\t\tto.dataset.autoAnimateTarget = id;\n\n\t\t// Each element may override any of the auto-animate options\n\t\t// like transition easing, duration and delay via data-attributes\n\t\tlet options = this.getAutoAnimateOptions( to, animationOptions );\n\n\t\t// If we're using a custom element matcher the element options\n\t\t// may contain additional transition overrides\n\t\tif( typeof elementOptions.delay !== 'undefined' ) options.delay = elementOptions.delay;\n\t\tif( typeof elementOptions.duration !== 'undefined' ) options.duration = elementOptions.duration;\n\t\tif( typeof elementOptions.easing !== 'undefined' ) options.easing = elementOptions.easing;\n\n\t\tlet fromProps = this.getAutoAnimatableProperties( 'from', from, elementOptions ),\n\t\t\ttoProps = this.getAutoAnimatableProperties( 'to', to, elementOptions );\n\n\t\t// Maintain fragment visibility for matching elements when\n\t\t// we're navigating forwards, this way the viewer won't need\n\t\t// to step through the same fragments twice\n\t\tif( to.classList.contains( 'fragment' ) ) {\n\n\t\t\t// Don't auto-animate the opacity of fragments to avoid\n\t\t\t// conflicts with fragment animations\n\t\t\tdelete toProps.styles['opacity'];\n\n\t\t\tif( from.classList.contains( 'fragment' ) ) {\n\n\t\t\t\tlet fromFragmentStyle = ( from.className.match( FRAGMENT_STYLE_REGEX ) || [''] )[0];\n\t\t\t\tlet toFragmentStyle = ( to.className.match( FRAGMENT_STYLE_REGEX ) || [''] )[0];\n\n\t\t\t\t// Only skip the fragment if the fragment animation style\n\t\t\t\t// remains unchanged\n\t\t\t\tif( fromFragmentStyle === toFragmentStyle && animationOptions.slideDirection === 'forward' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tto.classList.add( 'visible', 'disabled' );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// If translation and/or scaling are enabled, css transform\n\t\t// the 'to' element so that it matches the position and size\n\t\t// of the 'from' element\n\t\tif( elementOptions.translate !== false || elementOptions.scale !== false ) {\n\n\t\t\tlet presentationScale = this.Reveal.getScale();\n\n\t\t\tlet delta = {\n\t\t\t\tx: ( fromProps.x - toProps.x ) / presentationScale,\n\t\t\t\ty: ( fromProps.y - toProps.y ) / presentationScale,\n\t\t\t\tscaleX: fromProps.width / toProps.width,\n\t\t\t\tscaleY: fromProps.height / toProps.height\n\t\t\t};\n\n\t\t\t// Limit decimal points to avoid 0.0001px blur and stutter\n\t\t\tdelta.x = Math.round( delta.x * 1000 ) / 1000;\n\t\t\tdelta.y = Math.round( delta.y * 1000 ) / 1000;\n\t\t\tdelta.scaleX = Math.round( delta.scaleX * 1000 ) / 1000;\n\t\t\tdelta.scaleX = Math.round( delta.scaleX * 1000 ) / 1000;\n\n\t\t\tlet translate = elementOptions.translate !== false && ( delta.x !== 0 || delta.y !== 0 ),\n\t\t\t\tscale = elementOptions.scale !== false && ( delta.scaleX !== 0 || delta.scaleY !== 0 );\n\n\t\t\t// No need to transform if nothing's changed\n\t\t\tif( translate || scale ) {\n\n\t\t\t\tlet transform = [];\n\n\t\t\t\tif( translate ) transform.push( `translate(${delta.x}px, ${delta.y}px)` );\n\t\t\t\tif( scale ) transform.push( `scale(${delta.scaleX}, ${delta.scaleY})` );\n\n\t\t\t\tfromProps.styles['transform'] = transform.join( ' ' );\n\t\t\t\tfromProps.styles['transform-origin'] = 'top left';\n\n\t\t\t\ttoProps.styles['transform'] = 'none';\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Delete all unchanged 'to' styles\n\t\tfor( let propertyName in toProps.styles ) {\n\t\t\tconst toValue = toProps.styles[propertyName];\n\t\t\tconst fromValue = fromProps.styles[propertyName];\n\n\t\t\tif( toValue === fromValue ) {\n\t\t\t\tdelete toProps.styles[propertyName];\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t// If these property values were set via a custom matcher providing\n\t\t\t\t// an explicit 'from' and/or 'to' value, we always inject those values.\n\t\t\t\tif( toValue.explicitValue === true ) {\n\t\t\t\t\ttoProps.styles[propertyName] = toValue.value;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tif( fromValue.explicitValue === true ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tfromProps.styles[propertyName] = fromValue.value;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tlet css = '';\n\n\t\tlet toStyleProperties = Object.keys( toProps.styles );\n\n\t\t// Only create animate this element IF at least one style\n\t\t// property has changed\n\t\tif( toStyleProperties.length > 0 ) {\n\n\t\t\t// Instantly move to the 'from' state\n\t\t\tfromProps.styles['transition'] = 'none';\n\n\t\t\t// Animate towards the 'to' state\n\t\t\ttoProps.styles['transition'] = `all ${options.duration}s ${options.easing} ${options.delay}s`;\n\t\t\ttoProps.styles['transition-property'] = toStyleProperties.join( ', ' );\n\t\t\ttoProps.styles['will-change'] = toStyleProperties.join( ', ' );\n\n\t\t\t// Build up our custom CSS. We need to override inline styles\n\t\t\t// so we need to make our styles vErY IMPORTANT!1!!\n\t\t\tlet fromCSS = Object.keys( fromProps.styles ).map( propertyName => {\n\t\t\t\treturn propertyName + ': ' + fromProps.styles[propertyName] + ' !important;';\n\t\t\t} ).join( '' );\n\n\t\t\tlet toCSS = Object.keys( toProps.styles ).map( propertyName => {\n\t\t\t\treturn propertyName + ': ' + toProps.styles[propertyName] + ' !important;';\n\t\t\t} ).join( '' );\n\n\t\t\tcss = \t'[data-auto-animate-target=\"'+ id +'\"] {'+ fromCSS +'}' +\n\t\t\t\t\t'[data-auto-animate=\"running\"] [data-auto-animate-target=\"'+ id +'\"] {'+ toCSS +'}';\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn css;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Returns the auto-animate options for the given element.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} element Element to pick up options\n\t * from, either a slide or an animation target\n\t * @param {Object} [inheritedOptions] Optional set of existing\n\t * options\n\t */\n\tgetAutoAnimateOptions( element, inheritedOptions ) {\n\n\t\tlet options = {\n\t\t\teasing: this.Reveal.getConfig().autoAnimateEasing,\n\t\t\tduration: this.Reveal.getConfig().autoAnimateDuration,\n\t\t\tdelay: 0\n\t\t};\n\n\t\toptions = extend( options, inheritedOptions );\n\n\t\t// Inherit options from parent elements\n\t\tif( element.parentNode ) {\n\t\t\tlet autoAnimatedParent = closest( element.parentNode, '[data-auto-animate-target]' );\n\t\t\tif( autoAnimatedParent ) {\n\t\t\t\toptions = this.getAutoAnimateOptions( autoAnimatedParent, options );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif( element.dataset.autoAnimateEasing ) {\n\t\t\toptions.easing = element.dataset.autoAnimateEasing;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif( element.dataset.autoAnimateDuration ) {\n\t\t\toptions.duration = parseFloat( element.dataset.autoAnimateDuration );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif( element.dataset.autoAnimateDelay ) {\n\t\t\toptions.delay = parseFloat( element.dataset.autoAnimateDelay );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn options;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Returns an object containing all of the properties\n\t * that can be auto-animated for the given element and\n\t * their current computed values.\n\t *\n\t * @param {String} direction 'from' or 'to'\n\t */\n\tgetAutoAnimatableProperties( direction, element, elementOptions ) {\n\n\t\tlet config = this.Reveal.getConfig();\n\n\t\tlet properties = { styles: [] };\n\n\t\t// Position and size\n\t\tif( elementOptions.translate !== false || elementOptions.scale !== false ) {\n\t\t\tlet bounds;\n\n\t\t\t// Custom auto-animate may optionally return a custom tailored\n\t\t\t// measurement function\n\t\t\tif( typeof elementOptions.measure === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\tbounds = elementOptions.measure( element );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\tif( config.center ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t// More precise, but breaks when used in combination\n\t\t\t\t\t// with zoom for scaling the deck ¯\\_(ツ)_/¯\n\t\t\t\t\tbounds = element.getBoundingClientRect();\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tlet scale = this.Reveal.getScale();\n\t\t\t\t\tbounds = {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tx: element.offsetLeft * scale,\n\t\t\t\t\t\ty: element.offsetTop * scale,\n\t\t\t\t\t\twidth: element.offsetWidth * scale,\n\t\t\t\t\t\theight: element.offsetHeight * scale\n\t\t\t\t\t};\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tproperties.x = bounds.x;\n\t\t\tproperties.y = bounds.y;\n\t\t\tproperties.width = bounds.width;\n\t\t\tproperties.height = bounds.height;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tconst computedStyles = getComputedStyle( element );\n\n\t\t// CSS styles\n\t\t( elementOptions.styles || config.autoAnimateStyles ).forEach( style => {\n\t\t\tlet value;\n\n\t\t\t// `style` is either the property name directly, or an object\n\t\t\t// definition of a style property\n\t\t\tif( typeof style === 'string' ) style = { property: style };\n\n\t\t\tif( typeof style.from !== 'undefined' && direction === 'from' ) {\n\t\t\t\tvalue = { value: style.from, explicitValue: true };\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse if( typeof style.to !== 'undefined' && direction === 'to' ) {\n\t\t\t\tvalue = { value: style.to, explicitValue: true };\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t// Use a unitless value for line-height so that it inherits properly\n\t\t\t\tif( style.property === 'line-height' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tvalue = parseFloat( computedStyles['line-height'] ) / parseFloat( computedStyles['font-size'] );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tif( isNaN(value) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tvalue = computedStyles[style.property];\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tif( value !== '' ) {\n\t\t\t\tproperties.styles[style.property] = value;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\treturn properties;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Get a list of all element pairs that we can animate\n\t * between the given slides.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} fromSlide\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} toSlide\n\t *\n\t * @return {Array} Each value is an array where [0] is\n\t * the element we're animating from and [1] is the\n\t * element we're animating to\n\t */\n\tgetAutoAnimatableElements( fromSlide, toSlide ) {\n\n\t\tlet matcher = typeof this.Reveal.getConfig().autoAnimateMatcher === 'function' ? this.Reveal.getConfig().autoAnimateMatcher : this.getAutoAnimatePairs;\n\n\t\tlet pairs = matcher.call( this, fromSlide, toSlide );\n\n\t\tlet reserved = [];\n\n\t\t// Remove duplicate pairs\n\t\treturn pairs.filter( ( pair, index ) => {\n\t\t\tif( reserved.indexOf( pair.to ) === -1 ) {\n\t\t\t\treserved.push( pair.to );\n\t\t\t\treturn true;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Identifies matching elements between slides.\n\t *\n\t * You can specify a custom matcher function by using\n\t * the `autoAnimateMatcher` config option.\n\t */\n\tgetAutoAnimatePairs( fromSlide, toSlide ) {\n\n\t\tlet pairs = [];\n\n\t\tconst codeNodes = 'pre';\n\t\tconst textNodes = 'h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, li';\n\t\tconst mediaNodes = 'img, video, iframe';\n\n\t\t// Explicit matches via data-id\n\t\tthis.findAutoAnimateMatches( pairs, fromSlide, toSlide, '[data-id]', node => {\n\t\t\treturn node.nodeName + ':::' + node.getAttribute( 'data-id' );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Text\n\t\tthis.findAutoAnimateMatches( pairs, fromSlide, toSlide, textNodes, node => {\n\t\t\treturn node.nodeName + ':::' + node.innerText;\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Media\n\t\tthis.findAutoAnimateMatches( pairs, fromSlide, toSlide, mediaNodes, node => {\n\t\t\treturn node.nodeName + ':::' + ( node.getAttribute( 'src' ) || node.getAttribute( 'data-src' ) );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Code\n\t\tthis.findAutoAnimateMatches( pairs, fromSlide, toSlide, codeNodes, node => {\n\t\t\treturn node.nodeName + ':::' + node.innerText;\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\tpairs.forEach( pair => {\n\t\t\t// Disable scale transformations on text nodes, we transition\n\t\t\t// each individual text property instead\n\t\t\tif( matches( pair.from, textNodes ) ) {\n\t\t\t\tpair.options = { scale: false };\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// Animate individual lines of code\n\t\t\telse if( matches( pair.from, codeNodes ) ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t// Transition the code block's width and height instead of scaling\n\t\t\t\t// to prevent its content from being squished\n\t\t\t\tpair.options = { scale: false, styles: [ 'width', 'height' ] };\n\n\t\t\t\t// Lines of code\n\t\t\t\tthis.findAutoAnimateMatches( pairs, pair.from, pair.to, '.hljs .hljs-ln-code', node => {\n\t\t\t\t\treturn node.textContent;\n\t\t\t\t}, {\n\t\t\t\t\tscale: false,\n\t\t\t\t\tstyles: [],\n\t\t\t\t\tmeasure: this.getLocalBoundingBox.bind( this )\n\t\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t\t// Line numbers\n\t\t\t\tthis.findAutoAnimateMatches( pairs, pair.from, pair.to, '.hljs .hljs-ln-numbers[data-line-number]', node => {\n\t\t\t\t\treturn node.getAttribute( 'data-line-number' );\n\t\t\t\t}, {\n\t\t\t\t\tscale: false,\n\t\t\t\t\tstyles: [ 'width' ],\n\t\t\t\t\tmeasure: this.getLocalBoundingBox.bind( this )\n\t\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}, this );\n\n\t\treturn pairs;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Helper method which returns a bounding box based on\n\t * the given elements offset coordinates.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} element\n\t * @return {Object} x, y, width, height\n\t */\n\tgetLocalBoundingBox( element ) {\n\n\t\tconst presentationScale = this.Reveal.getScale();\n\n\t\treturn {\n\t\t\tx: Math.round( ( element.offsetLeft * presentationScale ) * 100 ) / 100,\n\t\t\ty: Math.round( ( element.offsetTop * presentationScale ) * 100 ) / 100,\n\t\t\twidth: Math.round( ( element.offsetWidth * presentationScale ) * 100 ) / 100,\n\t\t\theight: Math.round( ( element.offsetHeight * presentationScale ) * 100 ) / 100\n\t\t};\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Finds matching elements between two slides.\n\t *\n\t * @param {Array} pairs \tList of pairs to push matches to\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} fromScope Scope within the from element exists\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} toScope Scope within the to element exists\n\t * @param {String} selector CSS selector of the element to match\n\t * @param {Function} serializer A function that accepts an element and returns\n\t * a stringified ID based on its contents\n\t * @param {Object} animationOptions Optional config options for this pair\n\t */\n\tfindAutoAnimateMatches( pairs, fromScope, toScope, selector, serializer, animationOptions ) {\n\n\t\tlet fromMatches = {};\n\t\tlet toMatches = {};\n\n\t\t[].slice.call( fromScope.querySelectorAll( selector ) ).forEach( ( element, i ) => {\n\t\t\tconst key = serializer( element );\n\t\t\tif( typeof key === 'string' && key.length ) {\n\t\t\t\tfromMatches[key] = fromMatches[key] || [];\n\t\t\t\tfromMatches[key].push( element );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t[].slice.call( toScope.querySelectorAll( selector ) ).forEach( ( element, i ) => {\n\t\t\tconst key = serializer( element );\n\t\t\ttoMatches[key] = toMatches[key] || [];\n\t\t\ttoMatches[key].push( element );\n\n\t\t\tlet fromElement;\n\n\t\t\t// Retrieve the 'from' element\n\t\t\tif( fromMatches[key] ) {\n\t\t\t\tconst primaryIndex = toMatches[key].length - 1;\n\t\t\t\tconst secondaryIndex = fromMatches[key].length - 1;\n\n\t\t\t\t// If there are multiple identical from elements, retrieve\n\t\t\t\t// the one at the same index as our to-element.\n\t\t\t\tif( fromMatches[key][ primaryIndex ] ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tfromElement = fromMatches[key][ primaryIndex ];\n\t\t\t\t\tfromMatches[key][ primaryIndex ] = null;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t// If there are no matching from-elements at the same index,\n\t\t\t\t// use the last one.\n\t\t\t\telse if( fromMatches[key][ secondaryIndex ] ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tfromElement = fromMatches[key][ secondaryIndex ];\n\t\t\t\t\tfromMatches[key][ secondaryIndex ] = null;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t// If we've got a matching pair, push it to the list of pairs\n\t\t\tif( fromElement ) {\n\t\t\t\tpairs.push({\n\t\t\t\t\tfrom: fromElement,\n\t\t\t\t\tto: element,\n\t\t\t\t\toptions: animationOptions\n\t\t\t\t});\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Returns a all elements within the given scope that should\n\t * be considered unmatched in an auto-animate transition. If\n\t * fading of unmatched elements is turned on, these elements\n\t * will fade when going between auto-animate slides.\n\t *\n\t * Note that parents of auto-animate targets are NOT considered\n\t * unmatched since fading them would break the auto-animation.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} rootElement\n\t * @return {Array}\n\t */\n\tgetUnmatchedAutoAnimateElements( rootElement ) {\n\n\t\treturn [].slice.call( rootElement.children ).reduce( ( result, element ) => {\n\n\t\t\tconst containsAnimatedElements = element.querySelector( '[data-auto-animate-target]' );\n\n\t\t\t// The element is unmatched if\n\t\t\t// - It is not an auto-animate target\n\t\t\t// - It does not contain any auto-animate targets\n\t\t\tif( !element.hasAttribute( 'data-auto-animate-target' ) && !containsAnimatedElements ) {\n\t\t\t\tresult.push( element );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tif( element.querySelector( '[data-auto-animate-target]' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\tresult = result.concat( this.getUnmatchedAutoAnimateElements( element ) );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\treturn result;\n\n\t\t}, [] );\n\n\t}\n\n}\n","import { extend, queryAll } from '../utils/util.js'\n\n/**\n * Handles sorting and navigation of slide fragments.\n * Fragments are elements within a slide that are\n * revealed/animated incrementally.\n */\nexport default class Fragments {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the reveal.js config is updated.\n\t */\n\tconfigure( config, oldConfig ) {\n\n\t\tif( config.fragments === false ) {\n\t\t\tthis.disable();\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if( oldConfig.fragments === false ) {\n\t\t\tthis.enable();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * If fragments are disabled in the deck, they should all be\n\t * visible rather than stepped through.\n\t */\n\tdisable() {\n\n\t\tqueryAll( this.Reveal.getSlidesElement(), '.fragment' ).forEach( element => {\n\t\t\telement.classList.add( 'visible' );\n\t\t\telement.classList.remove( 'current-fragment' );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Reverse of #disable(). Only called if fragments have\n\t * previously been disabled.\n\t */\n\tenable() {\n\n\t\tqueryAll( this.Reveal.getSlidesElement(), '.fragment' ).forEach( element => {\n\t\t\telement.classList.remove( 'visible' );\n\t\t\telement.classList.remove( 'current-fragment' );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Returns an object describing the available fragment\n\t * directions.\n\t *\n\t * @return {{prev: boolean, next: boolean}}\n\t */\n\tavailableRoutes() {\n\n\t\tlet currentSlide = this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide();\n\t\tif( currentSlide && this.Reveal.getConfig().fragments ) {\n\t\t\tlet fragments = currentSlide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment:not(.disabled)' );\n\t\t\tlet hiddenFragments = currentSlide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment:not(.disabled):not(.visible)' );\n\n\t\t\treturn {\n\t\t\t\tprev: fragments.length - hiddenFragments.length > 0,\n\t\t\t\tnext: !!hiddenFragments.length\n\t\t\t};\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\treturn { prev: false, next: false };\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Return a sorted fragments list, ordered by an increasing\n\t * \"data-fragment-index\" attribute.\n\t *\n\t * Fragments will be revealed in the order that they are returned by\n\t * this function, so you can use the index attributes to control the\n\t * order of fragment appearance.\n\t *\n\t * To maintain a sensible default fragment order, fragments are presumed\n\t * to be passed in document order. This function adds a \"fragment-index\"\n\t * attribute to each node if such an attribute is not already present,\n\t * and sets that attribute to an integer value which is the position of\n\t * the fragment within the fragments list.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object[]|*} fragments\n\t * @param {boolean} grouped If true the returned array will contain\n\t * nested arrays for all fragments with the same index\n\t * @return {object[]} sorted Sorted array of fragments\n\t */\n\tsort( fragments, grouped = false ) {\n\n\t\tfragments = Array.from( fragments );\n\n\t\tlet ordered = [],\n\t\t\tunordered = [],\n\t\t\tsorted = [];\n\n\t\t// Group ordered and unordered elements\n\t\tfragments.forEach( fragment => {\n\t\t\tif( fragment.hasAttribute( 'data-fragment-index' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\tlet index = parseInt( fragment.getAttribute( 'data-fragment-index' ), 10 );\n\n\t\t\t\tif( !ordered[index] ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tordered[index] = [];\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tordered[index].push( fragment );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\tunordered.push( [ fragment ] );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Append fragments without explicit indices in their\n\t\t// DOM order\n\t\tordered = ordered.concat( unordered );\n\n\t\t// Manually count the index up per group to ensure there\n\t\t// are no gaps\n\t\tlet index = 0;\n\n\t\t// Push all fragments in their sorted order to an array,\n\t\t// this flattens the groups\n\t\tordered.forEach( group => {\n\t\t\tgroup.forEach( fragment => {\n\t\t\t\tsorted.push( fragment );\n\t\t\t\tfragment.setAttribute( 'data-fragment-index', index );\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\tindex ++;\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\treturn grouped === true ? ordered : sorted;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Sorts and formats all of fragments in the\n\t * presentation.\n\t */\n\tsortAll() {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getHorizontalSlides().forEach( horizontalSlide => {\n\n\t\t\tlet verticalSlides = queryAll( horizontalSlide, 'section' );\n\t\t\tverticalSlides.forEach( ( verticalSlide, y ) => {\n\n\t\t\t\tthis.sort( verticalSlide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment' ) );\n\n\t\t\t}, this );\n\n\t\t\tif( verticalSlides.length === 0 ) this.sort( horizontalSlide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment' ) );\n\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Refreshes the fragments on the current slide so that they\n\t * have the appropriate classes (.visible + .current-fragment).\n\t *\n\t * @param {number} [index] The index of the current fragment\n\t * @param {array} [fragments] Array containing all fragments\n\t * in the current slide\n\t *\n\t * @return {{shown: array, hidden: array}}\n\t */\n\tupdate( index, fragments ) {\n\n\t\tlet changedFragments = {\n\t\t\tshown: [],\n\t\t\thidden: []\n\t\t};\n\n\t\tlet currentSlide = this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide();\n\t\tif( currentSlide && this.Reveal.getConfig().fragments ) {\n\n\t\t\tfragments = fragments || this.sort( currentSlide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment' ) );\n\n\t\t\tif( fragments.length ) {\n\n\t\t\t\tlet maxIndex = 0;\n\n\t\t\t\tif( typeof index !== 'number' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlet currentFragment = this.sort( currentSlide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment.visible' ) ).pop();\n\t\t\t\t\tif( currentFragment ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tindex = parseInt( currentFragment.getAttribute( 'data-fragment-index' ) || 0, 10 );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tArray.from( fragments ).forEach( ( el, i ) => {\n\n\t\t\t\t\tif( el.hasAttribute( 'data-fragment-index' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\ti = parseInt( el.getAttribute( 'data-fragment-index' ), 10 );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\tmaxIndex = Math.max( maxIndex, i );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// Visible fragments\n\t\t\t\t\tif( i <= index ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlet wasVisible = el.classList.contains( 'visible' )\n\t\t\t\t\t\tel.classList.add( 'visible' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tel.classList.remove( 'current-fragment' );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( i === index ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t// Announce the fragments one by one to the Screen Reader\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.announceStatus( this.Reveal.getStatusText( el ) );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tel.classList.add( 'current-fragment' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slideContent.startEmbeddedContent( el );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( !wasVisible ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tchangedFragments.shown.push( el )\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.dispatchEvent({\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttarget: el,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype: 'visible',\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbubbles: false\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t});\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t// Hidden fragments\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlet wasVisible = el.classList.contains( 'visible' )\n\t\t\t\t\t\tel.classList.remove( 'visible' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tel.classList.remove( 'current-fragment' );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( wasVisible ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slideContent.stopEmbeddedContent( el );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tchangedFragments.hidden.push( el );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.dispatchEvent({\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttarget: el,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype: 'hidden',\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbubbles: false\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t});\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t\t// Write the current fragment index to the slide .\n\t\t\t\t// This can be used by end users to apply styles based on\n\t\t\t\t// the current fragment index.\n\t\t\t\tindex = typeof index === 'number' ? index : -1;\n\t\t\t\tindex = Math.max( Math.min( index, maxIndex ), -1 );\n\t\t\t\tcurrentSlide.setAttribute( 'data-fragment', index );\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn changedFragments;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Formats the fragments on the given slide so that they have\n\t * valid indices. Call this if fragments are changed in the DOM\n\t * after reveal.js has already initialized.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} slide\n\t * @return {Array} a list of the HTML fragments that were synced\n\t */\n\tsync( slide = this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide() ) {\n\n\t\treturn this.sort( slide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment' ) );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Navigate to the specified slide fragment.\n\t *\n\t * @param {?number} index The index of the fragment that\n\t * should be shown, -1 means all are invisible\n\t * @param {number} offset Integer offset to apply to the\n\t * fragment index\n\t *\n\t * @return {boolean} true if a change was made in any\n\t * fragments visibility as part of this call\n\t */\n\tgoto( index, offset = 0 ) {\n\n\t\tlet currentSlide = this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide();\n\t\tif( currentSlide && this.Reveal.getConfig().fragments ) {\n\n\t\t\tlet fragments = this.sort( currentSlide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment:not(.disabled)' ) );\n\t\t\tif( fragments.length ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t// If no index is specified, find the current\n\t\t\t\tif( typeof index !== 'number' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlet lastVisibleFragment = this.sort( currentSlide.querySelectorAll( '.fragment:not(.disabled).visible' ) ).pop();\n\n\t\t\t\t\tif( lastVisibleFragment ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tindex = parseInt( lastVisibleFragment.getAttribute( 'data-fragment-index' ) || 0, 10 );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tindex = -1;\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t// Apply the offset if there is one\n\t\t\t\tindex += offset;\n\n\t\t\t\tlet changedFragments = this.update( index, fragments );\n\n\t\t\t\tif( changedFragments.hidden.length ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.dispatchEvent({\n\t\t\t\t\t\ttype: 'fragmenthidden',\n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata: {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfragment: changedFragments.hidden[0],\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfragments: changedFragments.hidden\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tif( changedFragments.shown.length ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.dispatchEvent({\n\t\t\t\t\t\ttype: 'fragmentshown',\n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata: {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfragment: changedFragments.shown[0],\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfragments: changedFragments.shown\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.controls.update();\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.progress.update();\n\n\t\t\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().fragmentInURL ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.location.writeURL();\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\treturn !!( changedFragments.shown.length || changedFragments.hidden.length );\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn false;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Navigate to the next slide fragment.\n\t *\n\t * @return {boolean} true if there was a next fragment,\n\t * false otherwise\n\t */\n\tnext() {\n\n\t\treturn this.goto( null, 1 );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Navigate to the previous slide fragment.\n\t *\n\t * @return {boolean} true if there was a previous fragment,\n\t * false otherwise\n\t */\n\tprev() {\n\n\t\treturn this.goto( null, -1 );\n\n\t}\n\n}","import { SLIDES_SELECTOR } from '../utils/constants.js'\nimport { extend, queryAll, transformElement } from '../utils/util.js'\n\n/**\n * Handles all logic related to the overview mode\n * (birds-eye view of all slides).\n */\nexport default class Overview {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\tthis.active = false;\n\n\t\tthis.onSlideClicked = this.onSlideClicked.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Displays the overview of slides (quick nav) by scaling\n\t * down and arranging all slide elements.\n\t */\n\tactivate() {\n\n\t\t// Only proceed if enabled in config\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().overview && !this.isActive() ) {\n\n\t\t\tthis.active = true;\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.add( 'overview' );\n\n\t\t\t// Don't auto-slide while in overview mode\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.cancelAutoSlide();\n\n\t\t\t// Move the backgrounds element into the slide container to\n\t\t\t// that the same scaling is applied\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getSlidesElement().appendChild( this.Reveal.getBackgroundsElement() );\n\n\t\t\t// Clicking on an overview slide navigates to it\n\t\t\tqueryAll( this.Reveal.getRevealElement(), SLIDES_SELECTOR ).forEach( slide => {\n\t\t\t\tif( !slide.classList.contains( 'stack' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tslide.addEventListener( 'click', this.onSlideClicked, true );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t// Calculate slide sizes\n\t\t\tconst margin = 70;\n\t\t\tconst slideSize = this.Reveal.getComputedSlideSize();\n\t\t\tthis.overviewSlideWidth = slideSize.width + margin;\n\t\t\tthis.overviewSlideHeight = slideSize.height + margin;\n\n\t\t\t// Reverse in RTL mode\n\t\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().rtl ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.overviewSlideWidth = -this.overviewSlideWidth;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.updateSlidesVisibility();\n\n\t\t\tthis.layout();\n\t\t\tthis.update();\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.layout();\n\n\t\t\tconst indices = this.Reveal.getIndices();\n\n\t\t\t// Notify observers of the overview showing\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.dispatchEvent({\n\t\t\t\ttype: 'overviewshown',\n\t\t\t\tdata: {\n\t\t\t\t\t'indexh': indices.h,\n\t\t\t\t\t'indexv': indices.v,\n\t\t\t\t\t'currentSlide': this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide()\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t});\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Uses CSS transforms to position all slides in a grid for\n\t * display inside of the overview mode.\n\t */\n\tlayout() {\n\n\t\t// Layout slides\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getHorizontalSlides().forEach( ( hslide, h ) => {\n\t\t\thslide.setAttribute( 'data-index-h', h );\n\t\t\ttransformElement( hslide, 'translate3d(' + ( h * this.overviewSlideWidth ) + 'px, 0, 0)' );\n\n\t\t\tif( hslide.classList.contains( 'stack' ) ) {\n\n\t\t\t\tqueryAll( hslide, 'section' ).forEach( ( vslide, v ) => {\n\t\t\t\t\tvslide.setAttribute( 'data-index-h', h );\n\t\t\t\t\tvslide.setAttribute( 'data-index-v', v );\n\n\t\t\t\t\ttransformElement( vslide, 'translate3d(0, ' + ( v * this.overviewSlideHeight ) + 'px, 0)' );\n\t\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Layout slide backgrounds\n\t\tArray.from( this.Reveal.getBackgroundsElement().childNodes ).forEach( ( hbackground, h ) => {\n\t\t\ttransformElement( hbackground, 'translate3d(' + ( h * this.overviewSlideWidth ) + 'px, 0, 0)' );\n\n\t\t\tqueryAll( hbackground, '.slide-background' ).forEach( ( vbackground, v ) => {\n\t\t\t\ttransformElement( vbackground, 'translate3d(0, ' + ( v * this.overviewSlideHeight ) + 'px, 0)' );\n\t\t\t} );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Moves the overview viewport to the current slides.\n\t * Called each time the current slide changes.\n\t */\n\tupdate() {\n\n\t\tconst vmin = Math.min( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );\n\t\tconst scale = Math.max( vmin / 5, 150 ) / vmin;\n\t\tconst indices = this.Reveal.getIndices();\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.transformSlides( {\n\t\t\toverview: [\n\t\t\t\t'scale('+ scale +')',\n\t\t\t\t'translateX('+ ( -indices.h * this.overviewSlideWidth ) +'px)',\n\t\t\t\t'translateY('+ ( -indices.v * this.overviewSlideHeight ) +'px)'\n\t\t\t].join( ' ' )\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Exits the slide overview and enters the currently\n\t * active slide.\n\t */\n\tdeactivate() {\n\n\t\t// Only proceed if enabled in config\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().overview ) {\n\n\t\t\tthis.active = false;\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.remove( 'overview' );\n\n\t\t\t// Temporarily add a class so that transitions can do different things\n\t\t\t// depending on whether they are exiting/entering overview, or just\n\t\t\t// moving from slide to slide\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.add( 'overview-deactivating' );\n\n\t\t\tsetTimeout( () => {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.remove( 'overview-deactivating' );\n\t\t\t}, 1 );\n\n\t\t\t// Move the background element back out\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().appendChild( this.Reveal.getBackgroundsElement() );\n\n\t\t\t// Clean up changes made to slides\n\t\t\tqueryAll( this.Reveal.getRevealElement(), SLIDES_SELECTOR ).forEach( slide => {\n\t\t\t\ttransformElement( slide, '' );\n\n\t\t\t\tslide.removeEventListener( 'click', this.onSlideClicked, true );\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t// Clean up changes made to backgrounds\n\t\t\tqueryAll( this.Reveal.getBackgroundsElement(), '.slide-background' ).forEach( background => {\n\t\t\t\ttransformElement( background, '' );\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.transformSlides( { overview: '' } );\n\n\t\t\tconst indices = this.Reveal.getIndices();\n\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( indices.h, indices.v );\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.layout();\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.cueAutoSlide();\n\n\t\t\t// Notify observers of the overview hiding\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.dispatchEvent({\n\t\t\t\ttype: 'overviewhidden',\n\t\t\t\tdata: {\n\t\t\t\t\t'indexh': indices.h,\n\t\t\t\t\t'indexv': indices.v,\n\t\t\t\t\t'currentSlide': this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide()\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t});\n\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Toggles the slide overview mode on and off.\n\t *\n\t * @param {Boolean} [override] Flag which overrides the\n\t * toggle logic and forcibly sets the desired state. True means\n\t * overview is open, false means it's closed.\n\t */\n\ttoggle( override ) {\n\n\t\tif( typeof override === 'boolean' ) {\n\t\t\toverride ? this.activate() : this.deactivate();\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.isActive() ? this.deactivate() : this.activate();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Checks if the overview is currently active.\n\t *\n\t * @return {Boolean} true if the overview is active,\n\t * false otherwise\n\t */\n\tisActive() {\n\n\t\treturn this.active;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Invoked when a slide is and we're in the overview.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonSlideClicked( event ) {\n\n\t\tif( this.isActive() ) {\n\t\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\n\t\t\tlet element = event.target;\n\n\t\t\twhile( element && !element.nodeName.match( /section/gi ) ) {\n\t\t\t\telement = element.parentNode;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tif( element && !element.classList.contains( 'disabled' ) ) {\n\n\t\t\t\tthis.deactivate();\n\n\t\t\t\tif( element.nodeName.match( /section/gi ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlet h = parseInt( element.getAttribute( 'data-index-h' ), 10 ),\n\t\t\t\t\t\tv = parseInt( element.getAttribute( 'data-index-v' ), 10 );\n\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( h, v );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n}","import { enterFullscreen } from '../utils/util.js'\n\n/**\n * Handles all reveal.js keyboard interactions.\n */\nexport default class Keyboard {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\t// A key:value map of keyboard keys and descriptions of\n\t\t// the actions they trigger\n\t\tthis.shortcuts = {};\n\n\t\t// Holds custom key code mappings\n\t\tthis.bindings = {};\n\n\t\tthis.onDocumentKeyDown = this.onDocumentKeyDown.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onDocumentKeyPress = this.onDocumentKeyPress.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the reveal.js config is updated.\n\t */\n\tconfigure( config, oldConfig ) {\n\n\t\tif( config.navigationMode === 'linear' ) {\n\t\t\tthis.shortcuts['→ , ↓ , SPACE , N , L , J'] = 'Next slide';\n\t\t\tthis.shortcuts['← , ↑ , P , H , K'] = 'Previous slide';\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.shortcuts['N , SPACE'] = 'Next slide';\n\t\t\tthis.shortcuts['P , Shift SPACE'] = 'Previous slide';\n\t\t\tthis.shortcuts['← , H'] = 'Navigate left';\n\t\t\tthis.shortcuts['→ , L'] = 'Navigate right';\n\t\t\tthis.shortcuts['↑ , K'] = 'Navigate up';\n\t\t\tthis.shortcuts['↓ , J'] = 'Navigate down';\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tthis.shortcuts['Alt + ←/↑/→/↓'] = 'Navigate without fragments';\n\t\tthis.shortcuts['Shift + ←/↑/→/↓'] = 'Jump to first/last slide';\n\t\tthis.shortcuts['B , .'] = 'Pause';\n\t\tthis.shortcuts['F'] = 'Fullscreen';\n\t\tthis.shortcuts['G'] = 'Jump to slide';\n\t\tthis.shortcuts['ESC, O'] = 'Slide overview';\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Starts listening for keyboard events.\n\t */\n\tbind() {\n\n\t\tdocument.addEventListener( 'keydown', this.onDocumentKeyDown, false );\n\t\tdocument.addEventListener( 'keypress', this.onDocumentKeyPress, false );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Stops listening for keyboard events.\n\t */\n\tunbind() {\n\n\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'keydown', this.onDocumentKeyDown, false );\n\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'keypress', this.onDocumentKeyPress, false );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Add a custom key binding with optional description to\n\t * be added to the help screen.\n\t */\n\taddKeyBinding( binding, callback ) {\n\n\t\tif( typeof binding === 'object' && binding.keyCode ) {\n\t\t\tthis.bindings[binding.keyCode] = {\n\t\t\t\tcallback: callback,\n\t\t\t\tkey: binding.key,\n\t\t\t\tdescription: binding.description\n\t\t\t};\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.bindings[binding] = {\n\t\t\t\tcallback: callback,\n\t\t\t\tkey: null,\n\t\t\t\tdescription: null\n\t\t\t};\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Removes the specified custom key binding.\n\t */\n\tremoveKeyBinding( keyCode ) {\n\n\t\tdelete this.bindings[keyCode];\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Programmatically triggers a keyboard event\n\t *\n\t * @param {int} keyCode\n\t */\n\ttriggerKey( keyCode ) {\n\n\t\tthis.onDocumentKeyDown( { keyCode } );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Registers a new shortcut to include in the help overlay\n\t *\n\t * @param {String} key\n\t * @param {String} value\n\t */\n\tregisterKeyboardShortcut( key, value ) {\n\n\t\tthis.shortcuts[key] = value;\n\n\t}\n\n\tgetShortcuts() {\n\n\t\treturn this.shortcuts;\n\n\t}\n\n\tgetBindings() {\n\n\t\treturn this.bindings;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Handler for the document level 'keypress' event.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonDocumentKeyPress( event ) {\n\n\t\t// Check if the pressed key is question mark\n\t\tif( event.shiftKey && event.charCode === 63 ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.toggleHelp();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Handler for the document level 'keydown' event.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonDocumentKeyDown( event ) {\n\n\t\tlet config = this.Reveal.getConfig();\n\n\t\t// If there's a condition specified and it returns false,\n\t\t// ignore this event\n\t\tif( typeof config.keyboardCondition === 'function' && config.keyboardCondition(event) === false ) {\n\t\t\treturn true;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// If keyboardCondition is set, only capture keyboard events\n\t\t// for embedded decks when they are focused\n\t\tif( config.keyboardCondition === 'focused' && !this.Reveal.isFocused() ) {\n\t\t\treturn true;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Shorthand\n\t\tlet keyCode = event.keyCode;\n\n\t\t// Remember if auto-sliding was paused so we can toggle it\n\t\tlet autoSlideWasPaused = !this.Reveal.isAutoSliding();\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput( event );\n\n\t\t// Is there a focused element that could be using the keyboard?\n\t\tlet activeElementIsCE = document.activeElement && document.activeElement.isContentEditable === true;\n\t\tlet activeElementIsInput = document.activeElement && document.activeElement.tagName && /input|textarea/i.test( document.activeElement.tagName );\n\t\tlet activeElementIsNotes = document.activeElement && document.activeElement.className && /speaker-notes/i.test( document.activeElement.className);\n\n\t\t// Whitelist certain modifiers for slide navigation shortcuts\n\t\tlet isNavigationKey = [32, 37, 38, 39, 40, 78, 80].indexOf( event.keyCode ) !== -1;\n\n\t\t// Prevent all other events when a modifier is pressed\n\t\tlet unusedModifier = \t!( isNavigationKey && event.shiftKey || event.altKey ) &&\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t( event.shiftKey || event.altKey || event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey );\n\n\t\t// Disregard the event if there's a focused element or a\n\t\t// keyboard modifier key is present\n\t\tif( activeElementIsCE || activeElementIsInput || activeElementIsNotes || unusedModifier ) return;\n\n\t\t// While paused only allow resume keyboard events; 'b', 'v', '.'\n\t\tlet resumeKeyCodes = [66,86,190,191];\n\t\tlet key;\n\n\t\t// Custom key bindings for togglePause should be able to resume\n\t\tif( typeof config.keyboard === 'object' ) {\n\t\t\tfor( key in config.keyboard ) {\n\t\t\t\tif( config.keyboard[key] === 'togglePause' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tresumeKeyCodes.push( parseInt( key, 10 ) );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.isPaused() && resumeKeyCodes.indexOf( keyCode ) === -1 ) {\n\t\t\treturn false;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Use linear navigation if we're configured to OR if\n\t\t// the presentation is one-dimensional\n\t\tlet useLinearMode = config.navigationMode === 'linear' || !this.Reveal.hasHorizontalSlides() || !this.Reveal.hasVerticalSlides();\n\n\t\tlet triggered = false;\n\n\t\t// 1. User defined key bindings\n\t\tif( typeof config.keyboard === 'object' ) {\n\n\t\t\tfor( key in config.keyboard ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t// Check if this binding matches the pressed key\n\t\t\t\tif( parseInt( key, 10 ) === keyCode ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t\tlet value = config.keyboard[ key ];\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// Callback function\n\t\t\t\t\tif( typeof value === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tvalue.apply( null, [ event ] );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t// String shortcuts to reveal.js API\n\t\t\t\t\telse if( typeof value === 'string' && typeof this.Reveal[ value ] === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal[ value ].call();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\ttriggered = true;\n\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// 2. Registered custom key bindings\n\t\tif( triggered === false ) {\n\n\t\t\tfor( key in this.bindings ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t// Check if this binding matches the pressed key\n\t\t\t\tif( parseInt( key, 10 ) === keyCode ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t\tlet action = this.bindings[ key ].callback;\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// Callback function\n\t\t\t\t\tif( typeof action === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\taction.apply( null, [ event ] );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t// String shortcuts to reveal.js API\n\t\t\t\t\telse if( typeof action === 'string' && typeof this.Reveal[ action ] === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal[ action ].call();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\ttriggered = true;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// 3. System defined key bindings\n\t\tif( triggered === false ) {\n\n\t\t\t// Assume true and try to prove false\n\t\t\ttriggered = true;\n\n\t\t\t// P, PAGE UP\n\t\t\tif( keyCode === 80 || keyCode === 33 ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// N, PAGE DOWN\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 78 || keyCode === 34 ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// H, LEFT\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 72 || keyCode === 37 ) {\n\t\t\t\tif( event.shiftKey ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( 0 );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse if( !this.Reveal.overview.isActive() && useLinearMode ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.left({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// L, RIGHT\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 76 || keyCode === 39 ) {\n\t\t\t\tif( event.shiftKey ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( this.Reveal.getHorizontalSlides().length - 1 );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse if( !this.Reveal.overview.isActive() && useLinearMode ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.right({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// K, UP\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 75 || keyCode === 38 ) {\n\t\t\t\tif( event.shiftKey ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( undefined, 0 );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse if( !this.Reveal.overview.isActive() && useLinearMode ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.up({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// J, DOWN\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 74 || keyCode === 40 ) {\n\t\t\t\tif( event.shiftKey ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( undefined, Number.MAX_VALUE );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse if( !this.Reveal.overview.isActive() && useLinearMode ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.down({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// HOME\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 36 ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( 0 );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// END\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 35 ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( this.Reveal.getHorizontalSlides().length - 1 );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// SPACE\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 32 ) {\n\t\t\t\tif( this.Reveal.overview.isActive() ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.overview.deactivate();\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tif( event.shiftKey ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next({skipFragments: event.altKey});\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// TWO-SPOT, SEMICOLON, B, V, PERIOD, LOGITECH PRESENTER TOOLS \"BLACK SCREEN\" BUTTON\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 58 || keyCode === 59 || keyCode === 66 || keyCode === 86 || keyCode === 190 || keyCode === 191 ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.togglePause();\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// F\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 70 ) {\n\t\t\t\tenterFullscreen( config.embedded ? this.Reveal.getViewportElement() : document.documentElement );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// A\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 65 ) {\n\t\t\t\tif ( config.autoSlideStoppable ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.toggleAutoSlide( autoSlideWasPaused );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// G\n\t\t\telse if( keyCode === 71 ) {\n\t\t\t\tif ( config.jumpToSlide ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.toggleJumpToSlide();\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\ttriggered = false;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// If the input resulted in a triggered action we should prevent\n\t\t// the browsers default behavior\n\t\tif( triggered ) {\n\t\t\tevent.preventDefault && event.preventDefault();\n\t\t}\n\t\t// ESC or O key\n\t\telse if( keyCode === 27 || keyCode === 79 ) {\n\t\t\tif( this.Reveal.closeOverlay() === false ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.overview.toggle();\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tevent.preventDefault && event.preventDefault();\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// If auto-sliding is enabled we need to cue up\n\t\t// another timeout\n\t\tthis.Reveal.cueAutoSlide();\n\n\t}\n\n}","/**\n * Reads and writes the URL based on reveal.js' current state.\n */\nexport default class Location {\n\n\t// The minimum number of milliseconds that must pass between\n\t// calls to history.replaceState\n\tMAX_REPLACE_STATE_FREQUENCY = 1000\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\t// Delays updates to the URL due to a Chrome thumbnailer bug\n\t\tthis.writeURLTimeout = 0;\n\n\t\tthis.replaceStateTimestamp = 0;\n\n\t\tthis.onWindowHashChange = this.onWindowHashChange.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\tbind() {\n\n\t\twindow.addEventListener( 'hashchange', this.onWindowHashChange, false );\n\n\t}\n\n\tunbind() {\n\n\t\twindow.removeEventListener( 'hashchange', this.onWindowHashChange, false );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Returns the slide indices for the given hash link.\n\t *\n\t * @param {string} [hash] the hash string that we want to\n\t * find the indices for\n\t *\n\t * @returns slide indices or null\n\t */\n\tgetIndicesFromHash( hash=window.location.hash, options={} ) {\n\n\t\t// Attempt to parse the hash as either an index or name\n\t\tlet name = hash.replace( /^#\\/?/, '' );\n\t\tlet bits = name.split( '/' );\n\n\t\t// If the first bit is not fully numeric and there is a name we\n\t\t// can assume that this is a named link\n\t\tif( !/^[0-9]*$/.test( bits[0] ) && name.length ) {\n\t\t\tlet element;\n\n\t\t\tlet f;\n\n\t\t\t// Parse named links with fragments (#/named-link/2)\n\t\t\tif( /\\/[-\\d]+$/g.test( name ) ) {\n\t\t\t\tf = parseInt( name.split( '/' ).pop(), 10 );\n\t\t\t\tf = isNaN(f) ? undefined : f;\n\t\t\t\tname = name.split( '/' ).shift();\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t// Ensure the named link is a valid HTML ID attribute\n\t\t\ttry {\n\t\t\t\telement = document.getElementById( decodeURIComponent( name ) );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tcatch ( error ) { }\n\n\t\t\tif( element ) {\n\t\t\t\treturn { ...this.Reveal.getIndices( element ), f };\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tconst config = this.Reveal.getConfig();\n\t\t\tlet hashIndexBase = config.hashOneBasedIndex || options.oneBasedIndex ? 1 : 0;\n\n\t\t\t// Read the index components of the hash\n\t\t\tlet h = ( parseInt( bits[0], 10 ) - hashIndexBase ) || 0,\n\t\t\t\tv = ( parseInt( bits[1], 10 ) - hashIndexBase ) || 0,\n\t\t\t\tf;\n\n\t\t\tif( config.fragmentInURL ) {\n\t\t\t\tf = parseInt( bits[2], 10 );\n\t\t\t\tif( isNaN( f ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tf = undefined;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\treturn { h, v, f };\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// The hash couldn't be parsed or no matching named link was found\n\t\treturn null\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Reads the current URL (hash) and navigates accordingly.\n\t */\n\treadURL() {\n\n\t\tconst currentIndices = this.Reveal.getIndices();\n\t\tconst newIndices = this.getIndicesFromHash();\n\n\t\tif( newIndices ) {\n\t\t\tif( ( newIndices.h !== currentIndices.h || newIndices.v !== currentIndices.v || newIndices.f !== undefined ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( newIndices.h, newIndices.v, newIndices.f );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t// If no new indices are available, we're trying to navigate to\n\t\t// a slide hash that does not exist\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( currentIndices.h || 0, currentIndices.v || 0 );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Updates the page URL (hash) to reflect the current\n\t * state.\n\t *\n\t * @param {number} delay The time in ms to wait before\n\t * writing the hash\n\t */\n\twriteURL( delay ) {\n\n\t\tlet config = this.Reveal.getConfig();\n\t\tlet currentSlide = this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide();\n\n\t\t// Make sure there's never more than one timeout running\n\t\tclearTimeout( this.writeURLTimeout );\n\n\t\t// If a delay is specified, timeout this call\n\t\tif( typeof delay === 'number' ) {\n\t\t\tthis.writeURLTimeout = setTimeout( this.writeURL, delay );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if( currentSlide ) {\n\n\t\t\tlet hash = this.getHash();\n\n\t\t\t// If we're configured to push to history OR the history\n\t\t\t// API is not available.\n\t\t\tif( config.history ) {\n\t\t\t\twindow.location.hash = hash;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// If we're configured to reflect the current slide in the\n\t\t\t// URL without pushing to history.\n\t\t\telse if( config.hash ) {\n\t\t\t\t// If the hash is empty, don't add it to the URL\n\t\t\t\tif( hash === '/' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.debouncedReplaceState( window.location.pathname + window.location.search );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.debouncedReplaceState( '#' + hash );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// UPDATE: The below nuking of all hash changes breaks\n\t\t\t// anchors on pages where reveal.js is running. Removed\n\t\t\t// in 4.0. Why was it here in the first place? ¯\\_(ツ)_/¯\n\t\t\t//\n\t\t\t// If history and hash are both disabled, a hash may still\n\t\t\t// be added to the URL by clicking on a href with a hash\n\t\t\t// target. Counter this by always removing the hash.\n\t\t\t// else {\n\t\t\t// \twindow.history.replaceState( null, null, window.location.pathname + window.location.search );\n\t\t\t// }\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\treplaceState( url ) {\n\n\t\twindow.history.replaceState( null, null, url );\n\t\tthis.replaceStateTimestamp = Date.now();\n\n\t}\n\n\tdebouncedReplaceState( url ) {\n\n\t\tclearTimeout( this.replaceStateTimeout );\n\n\t\tif( Date.now() - this.replaceStateTimestamp > this.MAX_REPLACE_STATE_FREQUENCY ) {\n\t\t\tthis.replaceState( url );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.replaceStateTimeout = setTimeout( () => this.replaceState( url ), this.MAX_REPLACE_STATE_FREQUENCY );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Return a hash URL that will resolve to the given slide location.\n\t *\n\t * @param {HTMLElement} [slide=currentSlide] The slide to link to\n\t */\n\tgetHash( slide ) {\n\n\t\tlet url = '/';\n\n\t\t// Attempt to create a named link based on the slide's ID\n\t\tlet s = slide || this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide();\n\t\tlet id = s ? s.getAttribute( 'id' ) : null;\n\t\tif( id ) {\n\t\t\tid = encodeURIComponent( id );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tlet index = this.Reveal.getIndices( slide );\n\t\tif( !this.Reveal.getConfig().fragmentInURL ) {\n\t\t\tindex.f = undefined;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// If the current slide has an ID, use that as a named link,\n\t\t// but we don't support named links with a fragment index\n\t\tif( typeof id === 'string' && id.length ) {\n\t\t\turl = '/' + id;\n\n\t\t\t// If there is also a fragment, append that at the end\n\t\t\t// of the named link, like: #/named-link/2\n\t\t\tif( index.f >= 0 ) url += '/' + index.f;\n\t\t}\n\t\t// Otherwise use the /h/v index\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tlet hashIndexBase = this.Reveal.getConfig().hashOneBasedIndex ? 1 : 0;\n\t\t\tif( index.h > 0 || index.v > 0 || index.f >= 0 ) url += index.h + hashIndexBase;\n\t\t\tif( index.v > 0 || index.f >= 0 ) url += '/' + (index.v + hashIndexBase );\n\t\t\tif( index.f >= 0 ) url += '/' + index.f;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn url;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Handler for the window level 'hashchange' event.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} [event]\n\t */\n\tonWindowHashChange( event ) {\n\n\t\tthis.readURL();\n\n\t}\n\n}","import { queryAll } from '../utils/util.js'\nimport { isAndroid } from '../utils/device.js'\n\n/**\n * Manages our presentation controls. This includes both\n * the built-in control arrows as well as event monitoring\n * of any elements within the presentation with either of the\n * following helper classes:\n * - .navigate-up\n * - .navigate-right\n * - .navigate-down\n * - .navigate-left\n * - .navigate-next\n * - .navigate-prev\n */\nexport default class Controls {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\tthis.onNavigateLeftClicked = this.onNavigateLeftClicked.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onNavigateRightClicked = this.onNavigateRightClicked.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onNavigateUpClicked = this.onNavigateUpClicked.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onNavigateDownClicked = this.onNavigateDownClicked.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onNavigatePrevClicked = this.onNavigatePrevClicked.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onNavigateNextClicked = this.onNavigateNextClicked.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\trender() {\n\n\t\tconst rtl = this.Reveal.getConfig().rtl;\n\t\tconst revealElement = this.Reveal.getRevealElement();\n\n\t\tthis.element = document.createElement( 'aside' );\n\t\tthis.element.className = 'controls';\n\t\tthis.element.innerHTML =\n\t\t\t`\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t`;\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().appendChild( this.element );\n\n\t\t// There can be multiple instances of controls throughout the page\n\t\tthis.controlsLeft = queryAll( revealElement, '.navigate-left' );\n\t\tthis.controlsRight = queryAll( revealElement, '.navigate-right' );\n\t\tthis.controlsUp = queryAll( revealElement, '.navigate-up' );\n\t\tthis.controlsDown = queryAll( revealElement, '.navigate-down' );\n\t\tthis.controlsPrev = queryAll( revealElement, '.navigate-prev' );\n\t\tthis.controlsNext = queryAll( revealElement, '.navigate-next' );\n\n\t\t// The left, right and down arrows in the standard reveal.js controls\n\t\tthis.controlsRightArrow = this.element.querySelector( '.navigate-right' );\n\t\tthis.controlsLeftArrow = this.element.querySelector( '.navigate-left' );\n\t\tthis.controlsDownArrow = this.element.querySelector( '.navigate-down' );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the reveal.js config is updated.\n\t */\n\tconfigure( config, oldConfig ) {\n\n\t\tthis.element.style.display = config.controls ? 'block' : 'none';\n\n\t\tthis.element.setAttribute( 'data-controls-layout', config.controlsLayout );\n\t\tthis.element.setAttribute( 'data-controls-back-arrows', config.controlsBackArrows );\n\n\t}\n\n\tbind() {\n\n\t\t// Listen to both touch and click events, in case the device\n\t\t// supports both\n\t\tlet pointerEvents = [ 'touchstart', 'click' ];\n\n\t\t// Only support touch for Android, fixes double navigations in\n\t\t// stock browser\n\t\tif( isAndroid ) {\n\t\t\tpointerEvents = [ 'touchstart' ];\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tpointerEvents.forEach( eventName => {\n\t\t\tthis.controlsLeft.forEach( el => el.addEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateLeftClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsRight.forEach( el => el.addEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateRightClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsUp.forEach( el => el.addEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateUpClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsDown.forEach( el => el.addEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateDownClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsPrev.forEach( el => el.addEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigatePrevClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsNext.forEach( el => el.addEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateNextClicked, false ) );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\tunbind() {\n\n\t\t[ 'touchstart', 'click' ].forEach( eventName => {\n\t\t\tthis.controlsLeft.forEach( el => el.removeEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateLeftClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsRight.forEach( el => el.removeEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateRightClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsUp.forEach( el => el.removeEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateUpClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsDown.forEach( el => el.removeEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateDownClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsPrev.forEach( el => el.removeEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigatePrevClicked, false ) );\n\t\t\tthis.controlsNext.forEach( el => el.removeEventListener( eventName, this.onNavigateNextClicked, false ) );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Updates the state of all control/navigation arrows.\n\t */\n\tupdate() {\n\n\t\tlet routes = this.Reveal.availableRoutes();\n\n\t\t// Remove the 'enabled' class from all directions\n\t\t[...this.controlsLeft, ...this.controlsRight, ...this.controlsUp, ...this.controlsDown, ...this.controlsPrev, ...this.controlsNext].forEach( node => {\n\t\t\tnode.classList.remove( 'enabled', 'fragmented' );\n\n\t\t\t// Set 'disabled' attribute on all directions\n\t\t\tnode.setAttribute( 'disabled', 'disabled' );\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\t// Add the 'enabled' class to the available routes; remove 'disabled' attribute to enable buttons\n\t\tif( routes.left ) this.controlsLeft.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\tif( routes.right ) this.controlsRight.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\tif( routes.up ) this.controlsUp.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\tif( routes.down ) this.controlsDown.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\n\t\t// Prev/next buttons\n\t\tif( routes.left || routes.up ) this.controlsPrev.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\tif( routes.right || routes.down ) this.controlsNext.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\n\t\t// Highlight fragment directions\n\t\tlet currentSlide = this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide();\n\t\tif( currentSlide ) {\n\n\t\t\tlet fragmentsRoutes = this.Reveal.fragments.availableRoutes();\n\n\t\t\t// Always apply fragment decorator to prev/next buttons\n\t\t\tif( fragmentsRoutes.prev ) this.controlsPrev.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'fragmented', 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\t\tif( fragmentsRoutes.next ) this.controlsNext.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'fragmented', 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\n\t\t\t// Apply fragment decorators to directional buttons based on\n\t\t\t// what slide axis they are in\n\t\t\tif( this.Reveal.isVerticalSlide( currentSlide ) ) {\n\t\t\t\tif( fragmentsRoutes.prev ) this.controlsUp.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'fragmented', 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\t\t\tif( fragmentsRoutes.next ) this.controlsDown.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'fragmented', 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\tif( fragmentsRoutes.prev ) this.controlsLeft.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'fragmented', 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\t\t\tif( fragmentsRoutes.next ) this.controlsRight.forEach( el => { el.classList.add( 'fragmented', 'enabled' ); el.removeAttribute( 'disabled' ); } );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().controlsTutorial ) {\n\n\t\t\tlet indices = this.Reveal.getIndices();\n\n\t\t\t// Highlight control arrows with an animation to ensure\n\t\t\t// that the viewer knows how to navigate\n\t\t\tif( !this.Reveal.hasNavigatedVertically() && routes.down ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.controlsDownArrow.classList.add( 'highlight' );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\tthis.controlsDownArrow.classList.remove( 'highlight' );\n\n\t\t\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().rtl ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t\tif( !this.Reveal.hasNavigatedHorizontally() && routes.left && indices.v === 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.controlsLeftArrow.classList.add( 'highlight' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.controlsLeftArrow.classList.remove( 'highlight' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t} else {\n\n\t\t\t\t\tif( !this.Reveal.hasNavigatedHorizontally() && routes.right && indices.v === 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.controlsRightArrow.classList.add( 'highlight' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.controlsRightArrow.classList.remove( 'highlight' );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\tdestroy() {\n\n\t\tthis.unbind();\n\t\tthis.element.remove();\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Event handlers for navigation control buttons.\n\t */\n\tonNavigateLeftClicked( event ) {\n\n\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput();\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().navigationMode === 'linear' ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev();\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.left();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tonNavigateRightClicked( event ) {\n\n\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput();\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().navigationMode === 'linear' ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next();\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.right();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tonNavigateUpClicked( event ) {\n\n\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput();\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.up();\n\n\t}\n\n\tonNavigateDownClicked( event ) {\n\n\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput();\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.down();\n\n\t}\n\n\tonNavigatePrevClicked( event ) {\n\n\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput();\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.prev();\n\n\t}\n\n\tonNavigateNextClicked( event ) {\n\n\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput();\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.next();\n\n\t}\n\n\n}","/**\n * Creates a visual progress bar for the presentation.\n */\nexport default class Progress {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\tthis.onProgressClicked = this.onProgressClicked.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\trender() {\n\n\t\tthis.element = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\tthis.element.className = 'progress';\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().appendChild( this.element );\n\n\t\tthis.bar = document.createElement( 'span' );\n\t\tthis.element.appendChild( this.bar );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the reveal.js config is updated.\n\t */\n\tconfigure( config, oldConfig ) {\n\n\t\tthis.element.style.display = config.progress ? 'block' : 'none';\n\n\t}\n\n\tbind() {\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().progress && this.element ) {\n\t\t\tthis.element.addEventListener( 'click', this.onProgressClicked, false );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tunbind() {\n\n\t\tif ( this.Reveal.getConfig().progress && this.element ) {\n\t\t\tthis.element.removeEventListener( 'click', this.onProgressClicked, false );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Updates the progress bar to reflect the current slide.\n\t */\n\tupdate() {\n\n\t\t// Update progress if enabled\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().progress && this.bar ) {\n\n\t\t\tlet scale = this.Reveal.getProgress();\n\n\t\t\t// Don't fill the progress bar if there's only one slide\n\t\t\tif( this.Reveal.getTotalSlides() < 2 ) {\n\t\t\t\tscale = 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tthis.bar.style.transform = 'scaleX('+ scale +')';\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tgetMaxWidth() {\n\n\t\treturn this.Reveal.getRevealElement().offsetWidth;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Clicking on the progress bar results in a navigation to the\n\t * closest approximate horizontal slide using this equation:\n\t *\n\t * ( clickX / presentationWidth ) * numberOfSlides\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonProgressClicked( event ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput( event );\n\n\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\n\t\tlet slides = this.Reveal.getSlides();\n\t\tlet slidesTotal = slides.length;\n\t\tlet slideIndex = Math.floor( ( event.clientX / this.getMaxWidth() ) * slidesTotal );\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().rtl ) {\n\t\t\tslideIndex = slidesTotal - slideIndex;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tlet targetIndices = this.Reveal.getIndices(slides[slideIndex]);\n\t\tthis.Reveal.slide( targetIndices.h, targetIndices.v );\n\n\t}\n\n\tdestroy() {\n\n\t\tthis.element.remove();\n\n\t}\n\n}","/**\n * Handles hiding of the pointer/cursor when inactive.\n */\nexport default class Pointer {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\t// Throttles mouse wheel navigation\n\t\tthis.lastMouseWheelStep = 0;\n\n\t\t// Is the mouse pointer currently hidden from view\n\t\tthis.cursorHidden = false;\n\n\t\t// Timeout used to determine when the cursor is inactive\n\t\tthis.cursorInactiveTimeout = 0;\n\n\t\tthis.onDocumentCursorActive = this.onDocumentCursorActive.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onDocumentMouseScroll = this.onDocumentMouseScroll.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the reveal.js config is updated.\n\t */\n\tconfigure( config, oldConfig ) {\n\n\t\tif( config.mouseWheel ) {\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener( 'DOMMouseScroll', this.onDocumentMouseScroll, false ); // FF\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener( 'mousewheel', this.onDocumentMouseScroll, false );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'DOMMouseScroll', this.onDocumentMouseScroll, false ); // FF\n\t\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'mousewheel', this.onDocumentMouseScroll, false );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Auto-hide the mouse pointer when its inactive\n\t\tif( config.hideInactiveCursor ) {\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener( 'mousemove', this.onDocumentCursorActive, false );\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener( 'mousedown', this.onDocumentCursorActive, false );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.showCursor();\n\n\t\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'mousemove', this.onDocumentCursorActive, false );\n\t\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'mousedown', this.onDocumentCursorActive, false );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Shows the mouse pointer after it has been hidden with\n\t * #hideCursor.\n\t */\n\tshowCursor() {\n\n\t\tif( this.cursorHidden ) {\n\t\t\tthis.cursorHidden = false;\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().style.cursor = '';\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Hides the mouse pointer when it's on top of the .reveal\n\t * container.\n\t */\n\thideCursor() {\n\n\t\tif( this.cursorHidden === false ) {\n\t\t\tthis.cursorHidden = true;\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().style.cursor = 'none';\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tdestroy() {\n\n\t\tthis.showCursor();\n\n\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'DOMMouseScroll', this.onDocumentMouseScroll, false );\n\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'mousewheel', this.onDocumentMouseScroll, false );\n\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'mousemove', this.onDocumentCursorActive, false );\n\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'mousedown', this.onDocumentCursorActive, false );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called whenever there is mouse input at the document level\n\t * to determine if the cursor is active or not.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonDocumentCursorActive( event ) {\n\n\t\tthis.showCursor();\n\n\t\tclearTimeout( this.cursorInactiveTimeout );\n\n\t\tthis.cursorInactiveTimeout = setTimeout( this.hideCursor.bind( this ), this.Reveal.getConfig().hideCursorTime );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Handles mouse wheel scrolling, throttled to avoid skipping\n\t * multiple slides.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonDocumentMouseScroll( event ) {\n\n\t\tif( Date.now() - this.lastMouseWheelStep > 1000 ) {\n\n\t\t\tthis.lastMouseWheelStep = Date.now();\n\n\t\t\tlet delta = event.detail || -event.wheelDelta;\n\t\t\tif( delta > 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next();\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse if( delta < 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev();\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n}","/**\n * Loads a JavaScript file from the given URL and executes it.\n *\n * @param {string} url Address of the .js file to load\n * @param {function} callback Method to invoke when the script\n * has loaded and executed\n */\nexport const loadScript = ( url, callback ) => {\n\n\tconst script = document.createElement( 'script' );\n\tscript.type = 'text/javascript';\n\tscript.async = false;\n\tscript.defer = false;\n\tscript.src = url;\n\n\tif( typeof callback === 'function' ) {\n\n\t\t// Success callback\n\t\tscript.onload = script.onreadystatechange = event => {\n\t\t\tif( event.type === 'load' || /loaded|complete/.test( script.readyState ) ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t// Kill event listeners\n\t\t\t\tscript.onload = script.onreadystatechange = script.onerror = null;\n\n\t\t\t\tcallback();\n\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t};\n\n\t\t// Error callback\n\t\tscript.onerror = err => {\n\n\t\t\t// Kill event listeners\n\t\t\tscript.onload = script.onreadystatechange = script.onerror = null;\n\n\t\t\tcallback( new Error( 'Failed loading script: ' + script.src + '\\n' + err ) );\n\n\t\t};\n\n\t}\n\n\t// Append the script at the end of \n\tconst head = document.querySelector( 'head' );\n\thead.insertBefore( script, head.lastChild );\n\n}","import { loadScript } from '../utils/loader.js'\n\n/**\n * Manages loading and registering of reveal.js plugins.\n */\nexport default class Plugins {\n\n\tconstructor( reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = reveal;\n\n\t\t// Flags our current state (idle -> loading -> loaded)\n\t\tthis.state = 'idle';\n\n\t\t// An id:instance map of currently registered plugins\n\t\tthis.registeredPlugins = {};\n\n\t\tthis.asyncDependencies = [];\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Loads reveal.js dependencies, registers and\n\t * initializes plugins.\n\t *\n\t * Plugins are direct references to a reveal.js plugin\n\t * object that we register and initialize after any\n\t * synchronous dependencies have loaded.\n\t *\n\t * Dependencies are defined via the 'dependencies' config\n\t * option and will be loaded prior to starting reveal.js.\n\t * Some dependencies may have an 'async' flag, if so they\n\t * will load after reveal.js has been started up.\n\t */\n\tload( plugins, dependencies ) {\n\n\t\tthis.state = 'loading';\n\n\t\tplugins.forEach( this.registerPlugin.bind( this ) );\n\n\t\treturn new Promise( resolve => {\n\n\t\t\tlet scripts = [],\n\t\t\t\tscriptsToLoad = 0;\n\n\t\t\tdependencies.forEach( s => {\n\t\t\t\t// Load if there's no condition or the condition is truthy\n\t\t\t\tif( !s.condition || s.condition() ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tif( s.async ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.asyncDependencies.push( s );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tscripts.push( s );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\tif( scripts.length ) {\n\t\t\t\tscriptsToLoad = scripts.length;\n\n\t\t\t\tconst scriptLoadedCallback = (s) => {\n\t\t\t\t\tif( s && typeof s.callback === 'function' ) s.callback();\n\n\t\t\t\t\tif( --scriptsToLoad === 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.initPlugins().then( resolve );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t};\n\n\t\t\t\t// Load synchronous scripts\n\t\t\t\tscripts.forEach( s => {\n\t\t\t\t\tif( typeof s.id === 'string' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.registerPlugin( s );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tscriptLoadedCallback( s );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse if( typeof s.src === 'string' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tloadScript( s.src, () => scriptLoadedCallback(s) );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tconsole.warn( 'Unrecognized plugin format', s );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tscriptLoadedCallback();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\tthis.initPlugins().then( resolve );\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t} );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Initializes our plugins and waits for them to be ready\n\t * before proceeding.\n\t */\n\tinitPlugins() {\n\n\t\treturn new Promise( resolve => {\n\n\t\t\tlet pluginValues = Object.values( this.registeredPlugins );\n\t\t\tlet pluginsToInitialize = pluginValues.length;\n\n\t\t\t// If there are no plugins, skip this step\n\t\t\tif( pluginsToInitialize === 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.loadAsync().then( resolve );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// ... otherwise initialize plugins\n\t\t\telse {\n\n\t\t\t\tlet initNextPlugin;\n\n\t\t\t\tlet afterPlugInitialized = () => {\n\t\t\t\t\tif( --pluginsToInitialize === 0 ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.loadAsync().then( resolve );\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tinitNextPlugin();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t};\n\n\t\t\t\tlet i = 0;\n\n\t\t\t\t// Initialize plugins serially\n\t\t\t\tinitNextPlugin = () => {\n\n\t\t\t\t\tlet plugin = pluginValues[i++];\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// If the plugin has an 'init' method, invoke it\n\t\t\t\t\tif( typeof plugin.init === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlet promise = plugin.init( this.Reveal );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// If the plugin returned a Promise, wait for it\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( promise && typeof promise.then === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tpromise.then( afterPlugInitialized );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tafterPlugInitialized();\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tafterPlugInitialized();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tinitNextPlugin();\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t} )\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Loads all async reveal.js dependencies.\n\t */\n\tloadAsync() {\n\n\t\tthis.state = 'loaded';\n\n\t\tif( this.asyncDependencies.length ) {\n\t\t\tthis.asyncDependencies.forEach( s => {\n\t\t\t\tloadScript( s.src, s.callback );\n\t\t\t} );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn Promise.resolve();\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Registers a new plugin with this reveal.js instance.\n\t *\n\t * reveal.js waits for all registered plugins to initialize\n\t * before considering itself ready, as long as the plugin\n\t * is registered before calling `Reveal.initialize()`.\n\t */\n\tregisterPlugin( plugin ) {\n\n\t\t// Backwards compatibility to make reveal.js ~3.9.0\n\t\t// plugins work with reveal.js 4.0.0\n\t\tif( arguments.length === 2 && typeof arguments[0] === 'string' ) {\n\t\t\tplugin = arguments[1];\n\t\t\tplugin.id = arguments[0];\n\t\t}\n\t\t// Plugin can optionally be a function which we call\n\t\t// to create an instance of the plugin\n\t\telse if( typeof plugin === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\tplugin = plugin();\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tlet id = plugin.id;\n\n\t\tif( typeof id !== 'string' ) {\n\t\t\tconsole.warn( 'Unrecognized plugin format; can\\'t find plugin.id', plugin );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if( this.registeredPlugins[id] === undefined ) {\n\t\t\tthis.registeredPlugins[id] = plugin;\n\n\t\t\t// If a plugin is registered after reveal.js is loaded,\n\t\t\t// initialize it right away\n\t\t\tif( this.state === 'loaded' && typeof plugin.init === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\tplugin.init( this.Reveal );\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tconsole.warn( 'reveal.js: \"'+ id +'\" plugin has already been registered' );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Checks if a specific plugin has been registered.\n\t *\n\t * @param {String} id Unique plugin identifier\n\t */\n\thasPlugin( id ) {\n\n\t\treturn !!this.registeredPlugins[id];\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Returns the specific plugin instance, if a plugin\n\t * with the given ID has been registered.\n\t *\n\t * @param {String} id Unique plugin identifier\n\t */\n\tgetPlugin( id ) {\n\n\t\treturn this.registeredPlugins[id];\n\n\t}\n\n\tgetRegisteredPlugins() {\n\n\t\treturn this.registeredPlugins;\n\n\t}\n\n\tdestroy() {\n\n\t\tObject.values( this.registeredPlugins ).forEach( plugin => {\n\t\t\tif( typeof plugin.destroy === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\t\tplugin.destroy();\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} );\n\n\t\tthis.registeredPlugins = {};\n\t\tthis.asyncDependencies = [];\n\n\t}\n\n}\n","import { SLIDES_SELECTOR } from '../utils/constants.js'\nimport { queryAll, createStyleSheet } from '../utils/util.js'\n\n/**\n * Setups up our presentation for printing/exporting to PDF.\n */\nexport default class Print {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Configures the presentation for printing to a static\n\t * PDF.\n\t */\n\tasync setupPDF() {\n\n\t\tconst config = this.Reveal.getConfig();\n\t\tconst slides = queryAll( this.Reveal.getRevealElement(), SLIDES_SELECTOR )\n\n\t\t// Compute slide numbers now, before we start duplicating slides\n\t\tconst injectPageNumbers = config.slideNumber && /all|print/i.test( config.showSlideNumber );\n\n\t\tconst slideSize = this.Reveal.getComputedSlideSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );\n\n\t\t// Dimensions of the PDF pages\n\t\tconst pageWidth = Math.floor( slideSize.width * ( 1 + config.margin ) ),\n\t\t\tpageHeight = Math.floor( slideSize.height * ( 1 + config.margin ) );\n\n\t\t// Dimensions of slides within the pages\n\t\tconst slideWidth = slideSize.width,\n\t\t\tslideHeight = slideSize.height;\n\n\t\tawait new Promise( requestAnimationFrame );\n\n\t\t// Let the browser know what page size we want to print\n\t\tcreateStyleSheet( '@page{size:'+ pageWidth +'px '+ pageHeight +'px; margin: 0px;}' );\n\n\t\t// Limit the size of certain elements to the dimensions of the slide\n\t\tcreateStyleSheet( '.reveal section>img, .reveal section>video, .reveal section>iframe{max-width: '+ slideWidth +'px; max-height:'+ slideHeight +'px}' );\n\n\t\tdocument.documentElement.classList.add( 'print-pdf' );\n\t\tdocument.body.style.width = pageWidth + 'px';\n\t\tdocument.body.style.height = pageHeight + 'px';\n\n\t\tconst viewportElement = document.querySelector( '.reveal-viewport' );\n\t\tlet presentationBackground;\n\t\tif( viewportElement ) {\n\t\t\tconst viewportStyles = window.getComputedStyle( viewportElement );\n\t\t\tif( viewportStyles && viewportStyles.background ) {\n\t\t\t\tpresentationBackground = viewportStyles.background;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Make sure stretch elements fit on slide\n\t\tawait new Promise( requestAnimationFrame );\n\t\tthis.Reveal.layoutSlideContents( slideWidth, slideHeight );\n\n\t\t// Batch scrollHeight access to prevent layout thrashing\n\t\tawait new Promise( requestAnimationFrame );\n\n\t\tconst slideScrollHeights = slides.map( slide => slide.scrollHeight );\n\n\t\tconst pages = [];\n\t\tconst pageContainer = slides[0].parentNode;\n\t\tlet slideNumber = 1;\n\n\t\t// Slide and slide background layout\n\t\tslides.forEach( function( slide, index ) {\n\n\t\t\t// Vertical stacks are not centred since their section\n\t\t\t// children will be\n\t\t\tif( slide.classList.contains( 'stack' ) === false ) {\n\t\t\t\t// Center the slide inside of the page, giving the slide some margin\n\t\t\t\tlet left = ( pageWidth - slideWidth ) / 2;\n\t\t\t\tlet top = ( pageHeight - slideHeight ) / 2;\n\n\t\t\t\tconst contentHeight = slideScrollHeights[ index ];\n\t\t\t\tlet numberOfPages = Math.max( Math.ceil( contentHeight / pageHeight ), 1 );\n\n\t\t\t\t// Adhere to configured pages per slide limit\n\t\t\t\tnumberOfPages = Math.min( numberOfPages, config.pdfMaxPagesPerSlide );\n\n\t\t\t\t// Center slides vertically\n\t\t\t\tif( numberOfPages === 1 && config.center || slide.classList.contains( 'center' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\ttop = Math.max( ( pageHeight - contentHeight ) / 2, 0 );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t// Wrap the slide in a page element and hide its overflow\n\t\t\t\t// so that no page ever flows onto another\n\t\t\t\tconst page = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\t\t\tpages.push( page );\n\n\t\t\t\tpage.className = 'pdf-page';\n\t\t\t\tpage.style.height = ( ( pageHeight + config.pdfPageHeightOffset ) * numberOfPages ) + 'px';\n\n\t\t\t\t// Copy the presentation-wide background to each individual\n\t\t\t\t// page when printing\n\t\t\t\tif( presentationBackground ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tpage.style.background = presentationBackground;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tpage.appendChild( slide );\n\n\t\t\t\t// Position the slide inside of the page\n\t\t\t\tslide.style.left = left + 'px';\n\t\t\t\tslide.style.top = top + 'px';\n\t\t\t\tslide.style.width = slideWidth + 'px';\n\n\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.slideContent.layout( slide );\n\n\t\t\t\tif( slide.slideBackgroundElement ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tpage.insertBefore( slide.slideBackgroundElement, slide );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t// Inject notes if `showNotes` is enabled\n\t\t\t\tif( config.showNotes ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// Are there notes for this slide?\n\t\t\t\t\tconst notes = this.Reveal.getSlideNotes( slide );\n\t\t\t\t\tif( notes ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tconst notesSpacing = 8;\n\t\t\t\t\t\tconst notesLayout = typeof config.showNotes === 'string' ? config.showNotes : 'inline';\n\t\t\t\t\t\tconst notesElement = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tnotesElement.classList.add( 'speaker-notes' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tnotesElement.classList.add( 'speaker-notes-pdf' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tnotesElement.setAttribute( 'data-layout', notesLayout );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tnotesElement.innerHTML = notes;\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( notesLayout === 'separate-page' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tpages.push( notesElement );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tnotesElement.style.left = notesSpacing + 'px';\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tnotesElement.style.bottom = notesSpacing + 'px';\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tnotesElement.style.width = ( pageWidth - notesSpacing*2 ) + 'px';\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tpage.appendChild( notesElement );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t// Inject page numbers if `slideNumbers` are enabled\n\t\t\t\tif( injectPageNumbers ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tconst numberElement = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\t\t\t\tnumberElement.classList.add( 'slide-number' );\n\t\t\t\t\tnumberElement.classList.add( 'slide-number-pdf' );\n\t\t\t\t\tnumberElement.innerHTML = slideNumber++;\n\t\t\t\t\tpage.appendChild( numberElement );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t// Copy page and show fragments one after another\n\t\t\t\tif( config.pdfSeparateFragments ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// Each fragment 'group' is an array containing one or more\n\t\t\t\t\t// fragments. Multiple fragments that appear at the same time\n\t\t\t\t\t// are part of the same group.\n\t\t\t\t\tconst fragmentGroups = this.Reveal.fragments.sort( page.querySelectorAll( '.fragment' ), true );\n\n\t\t\t\t\tlet previousFragmentStep;\n\n\t\t\t\t\tfragmentGroups.forEach( function( fragments, index ) {\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// Remove 'current-fragment' from the previous group\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( previousFragmentStep ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tpreviousFragmentStep.forEach( function( fragment ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfragment.classList.remove( 'current-fragment' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// Show the fragments for the current index\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfragments.forEach( function( fragment ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfragment.classList.add( 'visible', 'current-fragment' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}, this );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// Create a separate page for the current fragment state\n\t\t\t\t\t\tconst clonedPage = page.cloneNode( true );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// Inject unique page numbers for fragments\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( injectPageNumbers ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tconst numberElement = clonedPage.querySelector( '.slide-number-pdf' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tconst fragmentNumber = index + 1;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tnumberElement.innerHTML += '.' + fragmentNumber;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tpages.push( clonedPage );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tpreviousFragmentStep = fragments;\n\n\t\t\t\t\t}, this );\n\n\t\t\t\t\t// Reset the first/original page so that all fragments are hidden\n\t\t\t\t\tfragmentGroups.forEach( function( fragments ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfragments.forEach( function( fragment ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfragment.classList.remove( 'visible', 'current-fragment' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t\t\t} );\n\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t// Show all fragments\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tqueryAll( page, '.fragment:not(.fade-out)' ).forEach( function( fragment ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfragment.classList.add( 'visible' );\n\t\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t}, this );\n\n\t\tawait new Promise( requestAnimationFrame );\n\n\t\tpages.forEach( page => pageContainer.appendChild( page ) );\n\n\t\t// Re-run JS-based content layout after the slide is added to page DOM\n\t\tthis.Reveal.slideContent.layout( this.Reveal.getSlidesElement() );\n\n\t\t// Notify subscribers that the PDF layout is good to go\n\t\tthis.Reveal.dispatchEvent({ type: 'pdf-ready' });\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Checks if this instance is being used to print a PDF.\n\t */\n\tisPrintingPDF() {\n\n\t\treturn ( /print-pdf/gi ).test( window.location.search );\n\n\t}\n\n}\n","import { isAndroid } from '../utils/device.js'\nimport { matches } from '../utils/util.js'\n\nconst SWIPE_THRESHOLD = 40;\n\n/**\n * Controls all touch interactions and navigations for\n * a presentation.\n */\nexport default class Touch {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\t// Holds information about the currently ongoing touch interaction\n\t\tthis.touchStartX = 0;\n\t\tthis.touchStartY = 0;\n\t\tthis.touchStartCount = 0;\n\t\tthis.touchCaptured = false;\n\n\t\tthis.onPointerDown = this.onPointerDown.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onPointerMove = this.onPointerMove.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onPointerUp = this.onPointerUp.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onTouchStart = this.onTouchStart.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onTouchMove = this.onTouchMove.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onTouchEnd = this.onTouchEnd.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t *\n\t */\n\tbind() {\n\n\t\tlet revealElement = this.Reveal.getRevealElement();\n\n\t\tif( 'onpointerdown' in window ) {\n\t\t\t// Use W3C pointer events\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'pointerdown', this.onPointerDown, false );\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'pointermove', this.onPointerMove, false );\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'pointerup', this.onPointerUp, false );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if( window.navigator.msPointerEnabled ) {\n\t\t\t// IE 10 uses prefixed version of pointer events\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'MSPointerDown', this.onPointerDown, false );\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'MSPointerMove', this.onPointerMove, false );\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'MSPointerUp', this.onPointerUp, false );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\t// Fall back to touch events\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'touchstart', this.onTouchStart, false );\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'touchmove', this.onTouchMove, false );\n\t\t\trevealElement.addEventListener( 'touchend', this.onTouchEnd, false );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t *\n\t */\n\tunbind() {\n\n\t\tlet revealElement = this.Reveal.getRevealElement();\n\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'pointerdown', this.onPointerDown, false );\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'pointermove', this.onPointerMove, false );\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'pointerup', this.onPointerUp, false );\n\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'MSPointerDown', this.onPointerDown, false );\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'MSPointerMove', this.onPointerMove, false );\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'MSPointerUp', this.onPointerUp, false );\n\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'touchstart', this.onTouchStart, false );\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'touchmove', this.onTouchMove, false );\n\t\trevealElement.removeEventListener( 'touchend', this.onTouchEnd, false );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Checks if the target element prevents the triggering of\n\t * swipe navigation.\n\t */\n\tisSwipePrevented( target ) {\n\n\t\t// Prevent accidental swipes when scrubbing timelines\n\t\tif( matches( target, 'video, audio' ) ) return true;\n\n\t\twhile( target && typeof target.hasAttribute === 'function' ) {\n\t\t\tif( target.hasAttribute( 'data-prevent-swipe' ) ) return true;\n\t\t\ttarget = target.parentNode;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn false;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Handler for the 'touchstart' event, enables support for\n\t * swipe and pinch gestures.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonTouchStart( event ) {\n\n\t\tif( this.isSwipePrevented( event.target ) ) return true;\n\n\t\tthis.touchStartX = event.touches[0].clientX;\n\t\tthis.touchStartY = event.touches[0].clientY;\n\t\tthis.touchStartCount = event.touches.length;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Handler for the 'touchmove' event.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonTouchMove( event ) {\n\n\t\tif( this.isSwipePrevented( event.target ) ) return true;\n\n\t\tlet config = this.Reveal.getConfig();\n\n\t\t// Each touch should only trigger one action\n\t\tif( !this.touchCaptured ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.onUserInput( event );\n\n\t\t\tlet currentX = event.touches[0].clientX;\n\t\t\tlet currentY = event.touches[0].clientY;\n\n\t\t\t// There was only one touch point, look for a swipe\n\t\t\tif( event.touches.length === 1 && this.touchStartCount !== 2 ) {\n\n\t\t\t\tlet availableRoutes = this.Reveal.availableRoutes({ includeFragments: true });\n\n\t\t\t\tlet deltaX = currentX - this.touchStartX,\n\t\t\t\t\tdeltaY = currentY - this.touchStartY;\n\n\t\t\t\tif( deltaX > SWIPE_THRESHOLD && Math.abs( deltaX ) > Math.abs( deltaY ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.touchCaptured = true;\n\t\t\t\t\tif( config.navigationMode === 'linear' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( config.rtl ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next();\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev();\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.left();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse if( deltaX < -SWIPE_THRESHOLD && Math.abs( deltaX ) > Math.abs( deltaY ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.touchCaptured = true;\n\t\t\t\t\tif( config.navigationMode === 'linear' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif( config.rtl ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev();\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next();\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.right();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse if( deltaY > SWIPE_THRESHOLD && availableRoutes.up ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.touchCaptured = true;\n\t\t\t\t\tif( config.navigationMode === 'linear' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.prev();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.up();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\telse if( deltaY < -SWIPE_THRESHOLD && availableRoutes.down ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tthis.touchCaptured = true;\n\t\t\t\t\tif( config.navigationMode === 'linear' ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.next();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthis.Reveal.down();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\t// If we're embedded, only block touch events if they have\n\t\t\t\t// triggered an action\n\t\t\t\tif( config.embedded ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tif( this.touchCaptured || this.Reveal.isVerticalSlide() ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t// Not embedded? Block them all to avoid needless tossing\n\t\t\t\t// around of the viewport in iOS\n\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\t// There's a bug with swiping on some Android devices unless\n\t\t// the default action is always prevented\n\t\telse if( isAndroid ) {\n\t\t\tevent.preventDefault();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Handler for the 'touchend' event.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonTouchEnd( event ) {\n\n\t\tthis.touchCaptured = false;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Convert pointer down to touch start.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonPointerDown( event ) {\n\n\t\tif( event.pointerType === event.MSPOINTER_TYPE_TOUCH || event.pointerType === \"touch\" ) {\n\t\t\tevent.touches = [{ clientX: event.clientX, clientY: event.clientY }];\n\t\t\tthis.onTouchStart( event );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Convert pointer move to touch move.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonPointerMove( event ) {\n\n\t\tif( event.pointerType === event.MSPOINTER_TYPE_TOUCH || event.pointerType === \"touch\" ) {\n\t\t\tevent.touches = [{ clientX: event.clientX, clientY: event.clientY }];\n\t\t\tthis.onTouchMove( event );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Convert pointer up to touch end.\n\t *\n\t * @param {object} event\n\t */\n\tonPointerUp( event ) {\n\n\t\tif( event.pointerType === event.MSPOINTER_TYPE_TOUCH || event.pointerType === \"touch\" ) {\n\t\t\tevent.touches = [{ clientX: event.clientX, clientY: event.clientY }];\n\t\t\tthis.onTouchEnd( event );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n}","import { closest } from '../utils/util.js'\n\n/**\n * Manages focus when a presentation is embedded. This\n * helps us only capture keyboard from the presentation\n * a user is currently interacting with in a page where\n * multiple presentations are embedded.\n */\n\nconst STATE_FOCUS = 'focus';\nconst STATE_BLUR = 'blur';\n\nexport default class Focus {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t\tthis.onRevealPointerDown = this.onRevealPointerDown.bind( this );\n\t\tthis.onDocumentPointerDown = this.onDocumentPointerDown.bind( this );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the reveal.js config is updated.\n\t */\n\tconfigure( config, oldConfig ) {\n\n\t\tif( config.embedded ) {\n\t\t\tthis.blur();\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.focus();\n\t\t\tthis.unbind();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tbind() {\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().embedded ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().addEventListener( 'pointerdown', this.onRevealPointerDown, false );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\tunbind() {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().removeEventListener( 'pointerdown', this.onRevealPointerDown, false );\n\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'pointerdown', this.onDocumentPointerDown, false );\n\n\t}\n\n\tfocus() {\n\n\t\tif( this.state !== STATE_FOCUS ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.add( 'focused' );\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener( 'pointerdown', this.onDocumentPointerDown, false );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tthis.state = STATE_FOCUS;\n\n\t}\n\n\tblur() {\n\n\t\tif( this.state !== STATE_BLUR ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.remove( 'focused' );\n\t\t\tdocument.removeEventListener( 'pointerdown', this.onDocumentPointerDown, false );\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tthis.state = STATE_BLUR;\n\n\t}\n\n\tisFocused() {\n\n\t\treturn this.state === STATE_FOCUS;\n\n\t}\n\n\tdestroy() {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.remove( 'focused' );\n\n\t}\n\n\tonRevealPointerDown( event ) {\n\n\t\tthis.focus();\n\n\t}\n\n\tonDocumentPointerDown( event ) {\n\n\t\tlet revealElement = closest( event.target, '.reveal' );\n\t\tif( !revealElement || revealElement !== this.Reveal.getRevealElement() ) {\n\t\t\tthis.blur();\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n}","/**\n * Handles the showing of speaker notes\n */\nexport default class Notes {\n\n\tconstructor( Reveal ) {\n\n\t\tthis.Reveal = Reveal;\n\n\t}\n\n\trender() {\n\n\t\tthis.element = document.createElement( 'div' );\n\t\tthis.element.className = 'speaker-notes';\n\t\tthis.element.setAttribute( 'data-prevent-swipe', '' );\n\t\tthis.element.setAttribute( 'tabindex', '0' );\n\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().appendChild( this.element );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Called when the reveal.js config is updated.\n\t */\n\tconfigure( config, oldConfig ) {\n\n\t\tif( config.showNotes ) {\n\t\t\tthis.element.setAttribute( 'data-layout', typeof config.showNotes === 'string' ? config.showNotes : 'inline' );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Pick up notes from the current slide and display them\n\t * to the viewer.\n\t *\n\t * @see {@link config.showNotes}\n\t */\n\tupdate() {\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().showNotes && this.element && this.Reveal.getCurrentSlide() && !this.Reveal.print.isPrintingPDF() ) {\n\n\t\t\tthis.element.innerHTML = this.getSlideNotes() || 'No notes on this slide.';\n\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Updates the visibility of the speaker notes sidebar that\n\t * is used to share annotated slides. The notes sidebar is\n\t * only visible if showNotes is true and there are notes on\n\t * one or more slides in the deck.\n\t */\n\tupdateVisibility() {\n\n\t\tif( this.Reveal.getConfig().showNotes && this.hasNotes() && !this.Reveal.print.isPrintingPDF() ) {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.add( 'show-notes' );\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tthis.Reveal.getRevealElement().classList.remove( 'show-notes' );\n\t\t}\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Checks if there are speaker notes for ANY slide in the\n\t * presentation.\n\t */\n\thasNotes() {\n\n\t\treturn this.Reveal.getSlidesElement().querySelectorAll( '[data-notes], aside.notes' ).length > 0;\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Checks if this presentation is running inside of the\n\t * speaker notes window.\n\t *\n\t * @return {boolean}\n\t */\n\tisSpeakerNotesWindow() {\n\n\t\treturn !!window.location.search.match( /receiver/gi );\n\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Retrieves the speaker notes from a slide. Notes can be\n\t * defined in two ways:\n\t * 1. As a data-notes attribute on the slide \n\t * 2. With
Introduction¶
Structs and Classes¶
Midterms¶
Procedural Generation¶
Work sessions¶
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