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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Theories of International Mobility and the Incorporation of Immigrants</title>
<meta name="description" content="Slides for Theories of International Mobility and the Incorporation of Immigrants">
<meta name="author" content="John R.B. Palmer">
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<div class="slides">
<section>
<h2>Theories of International Mobility and the Incorporation of Immigrants</h2>
<h4>Class 1: Introduction</h4>
<p><a href="http://johnrbpalmer.com">John Palmer</a>
</section>
<section data-background="images/mountain.jpg" data-state="footer1">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h2>Goals</h2>
<ul>
<li>understand key theories of migration</li>
<li>methodological understanding</li>
<li>multiple disciplinary perspectives</li>
<li>critically engage with the literature</li>
</ul>
</div>
<style>.footer1 footer:after { content: "Mount Yamnuska, Chuck Szmurlo, GFDL/CC-by-3.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Course Mechanics</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Material</h3>
<ul>
<li>Migration and Mobility: From Patterns to Theory</li>
<li>Economic Determinants of Migration</li>
<li>Social Determinants of Migration</li>
<li>Synthesizing and Testing Determinants of Migration</li>
<li>Economic Effects of Immigration</li>
<li>Immigrants in Labor Markets</li>
<li>Mobility and Public Health</li>
<li>Mobility, Scale, and Immigrant Incorporation</li>
<li>Gender</li>
<li>Migration Policy and Synthesis</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Lectures</h3>
<ul>
<li>Wednesdays, 10:00-13:00, 20.101</li>
<li>Assigned readings will be posted on Aula Global</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Short Writing Assignments</h3>
<ul>
<li>For 4 weeks (you pick which ones), write a 1-2 page essay offering either:</li>
<ul>
<li>a critique of one or more arguments raised in the readings for that week, or </li>
<li> an original idea or hypothesis inspired by the readings and a sketch of how this might be tested empirically</li>
</ul>
<li>Due by 8:00 am on Mondays</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Final project</h3>
<ul>
<li>Written synthesis and research agenda</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Office Hours</h3>
<ul>
<li>Thursdays, 11:00-12:00</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rafael_school_of_athens.jpg" data-state="footersoa">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h2>Philosophy</h2>
</div>
<style>.footersoa footer:after { content: "Rafael, School of Athens (1509-1511), Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
<div> </div>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rafael_school_of_athens.jpg" data-state="footersoa">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Research Logics</h3>
<img src="images/induction_deduction.png">
</div>
<style>.footersoa footer:after { content: "Rafael, School of Athens (1509-1511), Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
<div> </div>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h2>Research Strategies and Paradigms</h2>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
<div> </div>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Neo-Positivist Approach</h3>
<ul>
<li>Question</li>
<li>Hypothesis</li>
<li>Prediction</li>
<li>Testing</li>
<li>Analysis</li>
<li>Review</li>
<li>Replication</li>
<li>Falsification</li>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
<div> </div>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Inference</h3>
<ul>
<li>Descriptive</li>
<li>Causal</li>
</ul>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
<div> </div>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Generalization & Simplification</h3>
<ul>
<li>Parsimony</li>
<li>Models</li>
</ul>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
<div> </div>
</section>
<section data-background="images/uncertainty.jpg" data-state="footeru">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h2>Uncertainty</h2>
</div>
<style>.footeru footer:after { content: "Dice players. Roman fresco from the Osteria della Via di Mercurio (VI 10,1.19, room b) in Pompeii, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
<div> </div>
</section>
<section data-background="images/uncertainty.jpg" data-state="footeru">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Key Ideas</h3>
<ul>
<li>Unpredictability</li>
<li>Randomness and deterministic chaos</li>
<li>Stochastic vs. systematic components</li>
</div>
<style>.footeru footer:after { content: "Dice players. Roman fresco from the Osteria della Via di Mercurio (VI 10,1.19, room b) in Pompeii, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
<div> </div>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Models</h3>
<img src="images/ADN_animation.gif">
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<img src="images/ecomig01.002-goods.png">
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Neoclassical Assumptions</h3>
<ul>
<li>Rational preferences</li>
<li>Utility maximization</li>
<li>Perfect Information</li>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<p><i>We succeeded in showing not only that the standard theory was not robust – changing only one assumption in ways which were totally plausible had drastic consequences, but also that an alternative robust paradigm with great explanatory power could be constructed.</i></p>
<p>- Joseph Stiglitz. 2004. Information and the Change in the Paradigm in Economics, Part II. American Economist, 48(1).</p>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/microscope.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<i>All models are wrong<span class="fragment fade-in" style="color:#000099">, but some are usefull</span></i>
<p>- George E. P. Box</p>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Beale-type microscope, England, 1871-1900, Welcome Library, London, CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h2>Math</h2>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Notation</h3>
<ul>
<li>Variables</li>
<li>Operators</li>
<li>Functions</li>
<li>Equations</li>
</ul>
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
$$y = \beta x + 6$$
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
$$y = \beta x + \epsilon$$
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
$$\log y = \beta x + \epsilon$$
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Logarithms</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: none;">
<li>The logarithm of a positive real number <i>x</i> with respect to base <i>b</i>, a positive real number not equal to 1, is the exponent by which <i>b</i> must be raised to yield <i>x</i>. In other words, the logarithm of <i>x</i> to base <i>b</i> is the solution <i>y</i> to the equation:</li>
</ul>
$$b^{y}=x$$
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
$$\log_{2}(2) = 1$$
<br/>
$$\log_{2}(16) = 4$$
<br/>
$$\log_{10}(100) = 2$$
<br/>
$$\log_{10}(1) = 0$$
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
$$\log_{10}\left(\frac{1}{10}\right) = -1$$
<br/>
$$\log_{4}(2) = .5$$
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<ul style="list-style-type: none;">
<li>When the base is not specified, the default in the social sciences is usually Euler's number, <i>e</i>:</li>
</ul>
$$\log(e)=1$$
<ul style="list-style-type: none;">
<li>This is known as the natural logarithm, and it is sometimes written as:</li>
</ul>
$$\ln(e)=1$$
<br/>
$$e = 2.71828...$$
</div>
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</section>
<section data-background="images/math.jpg" data-state="footermic">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
$$\log\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]=\log a - \log b$$
<br>
$$\log ab = \log a + \log b $$
</div>
<style>.footermic footer:after { content: "Math, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/immpaint1.jpg" data-state="footer3">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h2>Migration</h2>
</div>
<!-- https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ant%C3%B4nio_Rocco_-_Os_emigrantes.jpg -->
<style>.footer3 footer:after { content: "Antônio Rocco, Os emigrantes, circa 1910, public domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/immpaint1.jpg" data-state="footer3">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Definition</h3>
<i>a permanent or semipermanent change of residence</i>
<p>- Everet S. Lee (1966)</p>
</div>
<!-- https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ant%C3%B4nio_Rocco_-_Os_emigrantes.jpg -->
<style>.footer3 footer:after { content: "Antônio Rocco, Os emigrantes, circa 1910, public domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/immpaint1.jpg" data-state="footer3">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Mobility and Migration</h3>
<img class="stretch" src="images/ecomig01.001-mobility-venn.png">
</div>
<!-- https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ant%C3%B4nio_Rocco_-_Os_emigrantes.jpg -->
<style>.footer3 footer:after { content: "Antônio Rocco, Os emigrantes, circa 1910, public domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section data-background="images/immpaint1.jpg" data-state="footer3">
<div style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95); padding:20px;">
<h3>Pattern and Scale</h3>
<img class="stretch" src="images/BuffSim3D_sampleof10.png">
</div>
<!-- https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ant%C3%B4nio_Rocco_-_Os_emigrantes.jpg -->
<style>.footer3 footer:after { content: "Antônio Rocco, Os emigrantes, circa 1910, public domain, Wikimedia Commons"; color:white;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding: 5px;}</style>
</section>
<section>
<h4><a href="https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/wmr_2020.pdf">IOM's World Migration Report 2020</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>The number of international migrants globally in 2019: 272 million (3.5% of the world’s population)</li>
<li>India continued to be the largest country of origin of international migrants</li>
<li>International remittances increased to USD 689 billion in 2018</li>
<li>The global refugee population was 25.9 million in 2018</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/fiPq7C06zjQ" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/uSM74Pqi288" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</section>
<section>
<h2><a href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/343/6178/1520.full">Abel & Sander (2014)</a></h2>
</section>
<section>
<h4><a href="https://guyabel.com/post/global-migrant-stocks/">Animated Chord Diagrams</a></h4>
</section>
<section>
<h2>From Pattern to Theory</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h2><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1369183X.2010.489381">Castles (2010)</a></h2>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Migration-mobility debate</li>
<li>Sedentary bias: problem of migration as problem</li>
<li>What should we make of the fact that 3.5% of the world's population are migrants?</li>
<li>Problem of a single theory of migration</li>
<li>Social transformation framework</li>
</ul>
</section>
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