diff --git a/flex/codegen/src/hqps/hqps_scan_builder.h b/flex/codegen/src/hqps/hqps_scan_builder.h
index 153d553c8eb0..cf210adf30f8 100644
--- a/flex/codegen/src/hqps/hqps_scan_builder.h
+++ b/flex/codegen/src/hqps/hqps_scan_builder.h
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ class ScanOpBuilder {
       return "uint32_t";
     } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::UInt64()) {
       return "uint64_t";
-    } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::String()) {
+    } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::StringView()) {
       return "std::string_view";
     } else {
       LOG(FATAL) << "Currently only support int, long, string as primary key";
diff --git a/flex/codegen/src/pegasus_generator.h b/flex/codegen/src/pegasus_generator.h
index 0cd35e36493d..3b3d4a6170ab 100644
--- a/flex/codegen/src/pegasus_generator.h
+++ b/flex/codegen/src/pegasus_generator.h
@@ -160,7 +160,8 @@ class PegasusGenerator {
     std::string plan_json;
     google::protobuf::util::JsonPrintOptions option;
     option.always_print_primitive_fields = true;
-    auto st = google::protobuf::util::MessageToJsonString(plan_, &plan_json, option);
+    auto st =
+        google::protobuf::util::MessageToJsonString(plan_, &plan_json, option);
     for (auto i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
       auto op = plan_.plan(i);
       LOG(INFO) << "Start codegen for operator " << i;
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/graph_db_session.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/graph_db_session.cc
index 160cf7fea11a..979b14ec55a4 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/graph_db_session.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/graph_db_session.cc
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<RefColumnBase> GraphDBSession::get_vertex_id_column(
         dynamic_cast<const TypedColumn<uint32_t>&>(
             db_.graph().lf_indexers_[label].get_keys()));
   } else if (db_.graph().lf_indexers_[label].get_type() ==
-             PropertyType::kString) {
+             PropertyType::kStringView) {
     return std::make_shared<TypedRefColumn<std::string_view>>(
         dynamic_cast<const TypedColumn<std::string_view>&>(
             db_.graph().lf_indexers_[label].get_keys()));
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/insert_transaction.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/insert_transaction.cc
index a77105734b8b..975fc75ea322 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/insert_transaction.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/insert_transaction.cc
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ bool InsertTransaction::AddVertex(label_t label, const Any& id,
   for (int col_i = 0; col_i != col_num; ++col_i) {
     auto& prop = props[col_i];
     if (prop.type != types[col_i]) {
-      if (prop.type == PropertyType::kString &&
+      if (prop.type == PropertyType::kStringView &&
           types[col_i] == PropertyType::kStringMap) {
       } else {
         arc_.Resize(arc_size);
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/single_vertex_insert_transaction.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/single_vertex_insert_transaction.cc
index 2821af8cd4ca..d18a43f93258 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/single_vertex_insert_transaction.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/single_vertex_insert_transaction.cc
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ bool SingleVertexInsertTransaction::AddVertex(label_t label, const Any& id,
   for (int col_i = 0; col_i != col_num; ++col_i) {
     auto& prop = props[col_i];
     if (prop.type != types[col_i]) {
-      if (!(prop.type == PropertyType::kString &&
+      if (!(prop.type == PropertyType::kStringView &&
             types[col_i] == PropertyType::kStringMap)) {
         arc_.Resize(arc_size);
         std::string label_name = graph_.schema().get_vertex_label_name(label);
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/transaction_utils.h b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/transaction_utils.h
index 38feff7216d2..04cf1f6e59e0 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/transaction_utils.h
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/transaction_utils.h
@@ -36,7 +36,10 @@ inline void serialize_field(grape::InArchive& arc, const Any& prop) {
     arc << prop.value.d.milli_second;
   } else if (prop.type == PropertyType::Day()) {
     arc << prop.value.day.to_u32();
-  } else if (prop.type == PropertyType::String()) {
+  } else if (prop.type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+    std::string_view s = *prop.value.s_ptr;
+    arc << s;
+  } else if (prop.type == PropertyType::StringView()) {
     arc << prop.value.s;
   } else if (prop.type == PropertyType::Int64()) {
     arc << prop.value.l;
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ inline void deserialize_field(grape::OutArchive& arc, Any& prop) {
     uint32_t val;
     arc >> val;
     prop.value.day.from_u32(val);
-  } else if (prop.type == PropertyType::String()) {
+  } else if (prop.type == PropertyType::StringView()) {
     arc >> prop.value.s;
   } else if (prop.type == PropertyType::Int64()) {
     arc >> prop.value.l;
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/update_transaction.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/update_transaction.cc
index 4f4bee7da7ea..cc3740604445 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/database/update_transaction.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/database/update_transaction.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ UpdateTransaction::UpdateTransaction(MutablePropertyFragment& graph,
     } else if (graph_.lf_indexers_[idx].get_type() == PropertyType::kUInt32) {
       added_vertices_.emplace_back(
           std::make_shared<IdIndexer<uint32_t, vid_t>>());
-    } else if (graph_.lf_indexers_[idx].get_type() == PropertyType::kString) {
+    } else if (graph_.lf_indexers_[idx].get_type() ==
+               PropertyType::kStringView) {
       added_vertices_.emplace_back(
           std::make_shared<IdIndexer<std::string_view, vid_t>>());
     } else {
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ bool UpdateTransaction::AddVertex(label_t label, const Any& oid,
   for (int col_i = 0; col_i != col_num; ++col_i) {
     if (props[col_i].type != types[col_i]) {
       if (types[col_i] == PropertyType::kStringMap &&
-          props[col_i].type == PropertyType::kString) {
+          props[col_i].type == PropertyType::kStringView) {
         continue;
       }
       return false;
@@ -484,9 +485,9 @@ void UpdateTransaction::set_edge_data_with_offset(
     label_t edge_label, const Any& value, size_t offset) {
   size_t csr_index = dir ? get_out_csr_index(label, neighbor_label, edge_label)
                          : get_in_csr_index(neighbor_label, label, edge_label);
-  if (value.type == PropertyType::kString) {
+  if (value.type == PropertyType::kStringView) {
     size_t loc = sv_vec_.size();
-    sv_vec_.emplace_back(std::string(value.value.s));
+    sv_vec_.emplace_back(value.AsStringView());
     Any dup_value;
     dup_value.set_string(sv_vec_[loc]);
     updated_edge_data_[csr_index][v].emplace(
@@ -555,7 +556,8 @@ void UpdateTransaction::IngestWal(MutablePropertyFragment& graph,
     } else if (graph.lf_indexers_[idx].get_type() == PropertyType::kUInt32) {
       added_vertices.emplace_back(
           std::make_shared<IdIndexer<uint32_t, vid_t>>());
-    } else if (graph.lf_indexers_[idx].get_type() == PropertyType::kString) {
+    } else if (graph.lf_indexers_[idx].get_type() ==
+               PropertyType::kStringView) {
       added_vertices.emplace_back(
           std::make_shared<IdIndexer<std::string_view, vid_t>>());
     } else {
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/predefine.h b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/predefine.h
index 22f87a57b97e..6c3d62a514be 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/predefine.h
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/predefine.h
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ typedef enum {
   UInt64 = 4,        ///< unsigned long int
   Float = 5,         ///< float
   Double = 6,        ///< double
-  String = 7,        ///< string
+  StringView = 7,    ///< string
   Date32 = 8,        ///< date
   Time32 = 9,        ///< Time32
   Timestamp64 = 10,  ///< Timestamp
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/index/pk.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/index/pk.cc
index ce0165c4cc77..5d4a924ccd23 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/index/pk.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/index/pk.cc
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ GRIN_VERTEX grin_get_vertex_by_primary_keys_row(GRIN_GRAPH g,
     if (!_g->g.get_lid(label, oid, vid)) {
       return GRIN_NULL_VERTEX;
     }
-  } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kString) {
+  } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kStringView) {
     auto oid = *static_cast<const std::string_view*>((*_r)[0]);
     if (!_g->g.get_lid(label, oid, vid)) {
       return GRIN_NULL_VERTEX;
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/predefine.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/predefine.cc
index 8bb94c10ed9e..299804fcde3a 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/predefine.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/predefine.cc
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ GRIN_DATATYPE _get_data_type(const gs::PropertyType& type) {
     return GRIN_DATATYPE::Int64;
   } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kUInt64) {
     return GRIN_DATATYPE::UInt64;
-  } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kString) {
-    return GRIN_DATATYPE::String;
+  } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kStringView) {
+    return GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView;
   } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kDate) {
     return GRIN_DATATYPE::Timestamp64;
   } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kDouble) {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ void init_cache(GRIN_GRAPH_T* g) {
         tmp.emplace_back(std::dynamic_pointer_cast<gs::BoolColumn>(
                              table.get_column_by_id(idx))
                              .get());
-      } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kString) {
+      } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kStringView) {
         tmp.emplace_back(std::dynamic_pointer_cast<gs::StringColumn>(
                              table.get_column_by_id(idx))
                              .get());
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/primarykey.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/primarykey.cc
index 5cbee5e0b9a0..f749759ae0ea 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/primarykey.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/primarykey.cc
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ GRIN_VERTEX_PROPERTY_LIST grin_get_primary_keys_by_vertex_type(
     vp += (GRIN_DATATYPE::UInt64 * 1u) << 16;
   } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kUInt32) {
     vp += (GRIN_DATATYPE::UInt32 * 1u) << 16;
-  } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kString) {
-    vp += (GRIN_DATATYPE::String * 1u) << 16;
+  } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kStringView) {
+    vp += (GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView * 1u) << 16;
   } else {
     vp = GRIN_NULL_VERTEX_PROPERTY;
   }
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ GRIN_ROW grin_get_vertex_primary_keys_row(GRIN_GRAPH g, GRIN_VERTEX v) {
     auto oid = _g->g.get_oid(label, vid).AsInt64();
     auto p = new int64_t(oid);
     row->emplace_back(p);
-  } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kString) {
+  } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::kStringView) {
     auto oid = _g->g.get_oid(label, vid).AsStringView();
     auto p = new std::string_view(oid);
     row->emplace_back(p);
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/property.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/property.cc
index 0f3110073abd..74c1b19fa455 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/property.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/property.cc
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ void grin_destroy_vertex_property(GRIN_GRAPH g, GRIN_VERTEX_PROPERTY vp) {}
  */
 GRIN_DATATYPE grin_get_vertex_property_datatype(GRIN_GRAPH g,
                                                 GRIN_VERTEX_PROPERTY vp) {
-  return (GRIN_DATATYPE)(vp >> 16);
+  return (GRIN_DATATYPE) (vp >> 16);
 }
 
 int grin_get_vertex_property_value_of_int32(GRIN_GRAPH g, GRIN_VERTEX v,
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ const char* grin_get_vertex_property_value_of_string(GRIN_GRAPH g,
   auto pdt = (vp >> 16);
   auto pid = vp & (0xff);
 
-  if (label != plabel || pdt != GRIN_DATATYPE::String) {
+  if (label != plabel || pdt != GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView) {
     grin_error_code = INVALID_VALUE;
     return NULL;
   }
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ const void* grin_get_vertex_property_value(GRIN_GRAPH g, GRIN_VERTEX v,
       return _col->extra_buffer().data() + vid - basic_size;
     }
   }
-  case GRIN_DATATYPE::String: {
+  case GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView: {
     auto _col = static_cast<const gs::StringColumn*>(col);
     auto s = _col->get_view(vid);
     auto len = s.size() + 1;
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ const char* grin_get_edge_property_value_of_string(GRIN_GRAPH g, GRIN_EDGE e,
                                                    GRIN_EDGE_PROPERTY ep) {
   auto _e = static_cast<GRIN_EDGE_T*>(e);
   auto idx = ep >> 24;
-  if (idx > 0 || _get_data_type(_e->data.type) != GRIN_DATATYPE::String) {
+  if (idx > 0 || _get_data_type(_e->data.type) != GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView) {
     grin_error_code = INVALID_VALUE;
     return NULL;
   }
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/row.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/row.cc
index 83d58f95c433..01c4ed8305d2 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/row.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/property/row.cc
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ const void* grin_get_value_from_row(GRIN_GRAPH g, GRIN_ROW r, GRIN_DATATYPE dt,
     return static_cast<const float*>((*_r)[idx]);
   case GRIN_DATATYPE::Double:
     return static_cast<const double*>((*_r)[idx]);
-  case GRIN_DATATYPE::String:
+  case GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView:
     return static_cast<const char*>((*_r)[idx]);
   case GRIN_DATATYPE::Date32:
     return static_cast<const int32_t*>((*_r)[idx]);
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ GRIN_ROW grin_get_vertex_row(GRIN_GRAPH g, GRIN_VERTEX v) {
       }
       break;
     }
-    case GRIN_DATATYPE::String: {
+    case GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView: {
       auto _col = static_cast<const gs::StringColumn*>(col);
       auto s = _col->get_view(vid);
       auto len = s.size() + 1;
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ GRIN_ROW grin_get_edge_row(GRIN_GRAPH g, GRIN_EDGE e) {
     r->emplace_back(new uint64_t(_e->data.value.ul));
     break;
   }
-  case GRIN_DATATYPE::String: {
+  case GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView: {
     auto s = _e->data.value.s;
     auto len = s.size() + 1;
     char* out = new char[len];
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/topology/structure.cc b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/topology/structure.cc
index 12ce0499f2e1..835da3c8d39f 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/topology/structure.cc
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/src/topology/structure.cc
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ const void* grin_get_edge_data_value(GRIN_GRAPH, GRIN_EDGE e) {
   case GRIN_DATATYPE::Float: {
     return new float(_e->data.value.f);
   }
-  case GRIN_DATATYPE::String: {
+  case GRIN_DATATYPE::StringView: {
     auto s = _e->data.value.s;
     auto len = s.size() + 1;
     char* out = new char[len];
diff --git a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/test/test.c b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/test/test.c
index 5997c3f2c66e..6aeb6ce48044 100644
--- a/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/test/test.c
+++ b/flex/engines/graph_db/grin/test/test.c
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ void test_property_vertex_property_value(const char* uri_str) {
 #else
       printf("%s %zu: %lld\n", v_names[__vt][vid], j, pv);
 #endif
-    } else if (dt == String) {
+    } else if (dt == StringView) {
       const char* pv = grin_get_vertex_property_value_of_string(g, v, vp);
       assert(grin_get_last_error_code() == NO_ERROR);
 #ifdef GRIN_ENABLE_ROW
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ void test_property_edge_property_value(const char* uri_str,
 #else
         printf("%s %zu %lld: %lf\n", v_names[__vt][vid], j, uid, pv);
 #endif
-      } else if (dt == String) {
+      } else if (dt == StringView) {
         const char* pv = grin_get_edge_property_value_of_string(g, e, ep);
         assert(grin_get_last_error_code() == NO_ERROR);
 #ifdef GRIN_ENABLE_ROW
diff --git a/flex/engines/hqps_db/core/operator/sink.h b/flex/engines/hqps_db/core/operator/sink.h
index c852c9b7308d..01ab8a782b6b 100644
--- a/flex/engines/hqps_db/core/operator/sink.h
+++ b/flex/engines/hqps_db/core/operator/sink.h
@@ -114,8 +114,9 @@ void template_set_value(common::Value* value, T v) {
 }
 
 template <typename T,
-          typename std::enable_if<(std::is_same_v<T, uint64_t>) &&(
-              !std::is_same_v<uint64_t, unsigned long>)>::type* = nullptr>
+          typename std::enable_if<
+              (std::is_same_v<T, uint64_t>) &&
+              (!std::is_same_v<uint64_t, unsigned long>)>::type* = nullptr>
 void template_set_value(common::Value* value, T v) {
   value->set_i64(v);
 }
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ void set_any_to_element(const Any& any, results::Element* element) {
     element->mutable_object()->set_f64(any.value.f);
   } else if (any.type == PropertyType::Date()) {
     element->mutable_object()->set_i64(any.value.d.milli_second);
-  } else if (any.type == PropertyType::String()) {
+  } else if (any.type == PropertyType::StringView()) {
     element->mutable_object()->mutable_str()->assign(any.value.s.data(),
                                                      any.value.s.size());
   } else if (any.type == PropertyType::VertexGlobalId()) {
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ void set_any_to_common_value(const Any& any, common::Value* value) {
     value->set_f64(any.value.f);
   } else if (any.type == PropertyType::Date()) {
     value->set_i64(any.value.d.milli_second);
-  } else if (any.type == PropertyType::String()) {
+  } else if (any.type == PropertyType::StringView()) {
     value->mutable_str()->assign(any.value.s.data(), any.value.s.size());
   } else {
     LOG(WARNING) << "Unexpected property type: "
diff --git a/flex/engines/hqps_db/database/mutable_csr_interface.h b/flex/engines/hqps_db/database/mutable_csr_interface.h
index a37d9c6eb333..4d9547a0d3ff 100644
--- a/flex/engines/hqps_db/database/mutable_csr_interface.h
+++ b/flex/engines/hqps_db/database/mutable_csr_interface.h
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ class MutableCSRInterface {
     } else if (type == PropertyType::kUInt64) {
       return std::make_shared<TypedRefColumn<uint64_t>>(
           *std::dynamic_pointer_cast<TypedColumn<uint64_t>>(column));
-    } else if (type == PropertyType::kString || type.IsVarchar()) {
+    } else if (type == PropertyType::kStringView || type.IsVarchar()) {
       return std::make_shared<TypedRefColumn<std::string_view>>(
           *std::dynamic_pointer_cast<TypedColumn<std::string_view>>(column));
     } else if (type == PropertyType::kFloat) {
diff --git a/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/loader/abstract_arrow_fragment_loader.cc b/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/loader/abstract_arrow_fragment_loader.cc
index c30a065d27bd..eb93989c6765 100644
--- a/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/loader/abstract_arrow_fragment_loader.cc
+++ b/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/loader/abstract_arrow_fragment_loader.cc
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ void AbstractArrowFragmentLoader::AddVerticesRecordBatch(
     LOG(FATAL) << "Only support one primary key for vertex.";
   }
   auto type = std::get<0>(primary_keys[0]);
-  if (type != PropertyType::kInt64 && type != PropertyType::kString &&
+  if (type != PropertyType::kInt64 && type != PropertyType::kStringView &&
       type != PropertyType::kInt32 && type != PropertyType::kUInt32 &&
       type != PropertyType::kUInt64) {
     LOG(FATAL)
@@ -377,7 +377,8 @@ void AbstractArrowFragmentLoader::AddEdgesRecordBatch(
       }
     } else if (property_types[0].type_enum ==
                    impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar ||
-               property_types[0].type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+               property_types[0].type_enum ==
+                   impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringView) {
       // Both varchar and string are treated as string. For String, we use the
       // default max length defined in PropertyType::STRING_DEFAULT_MAX_LENGTH
       const auto& prop =
diff --git a/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/loader/abstract_arrow_fragment_loader.h b/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/loader/abstract_arrow_fragment_loader.h
index 80cc1c738e91..d918efd0686d 100644
--- a/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/loader/abstract_arrow_fragment_loader.h
+++ b/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/loader/abstract_arrow_fragment_loader.h
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ static void append_edges(std::shared_ptr<arrow::Array> src_col,
                                  const std::shared_ptr<arrow::Array>& cur_col) {
     if (cur_indexer.get_type() == PropertyType::kInt64) {
       CHECK(cur_col->type()->Equals(arrow::int64()));
-    } else if (cur_indexer.get_type() == PropertyType::kString) {
+    } else if (cur_indexer.get_type() == PropertyType::kStringView) {
       CHECK(cur_col->type()->Equals(arrow::utf8()) ||
             cur_col->type()->Equals(arrow::large_utf8()));
     } else if (cur_indexer.get_type() == PropertyType::kInt32) {
diff --git a/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/mutable_property_fragment.cc b/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/mutable_property_fragment.cc
index 04dcbe045a27..360d16ad0b8f 100644
--- a/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/mutable_property_fragment.cc
+++ b/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/mutable_property_fragment.cc
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ inline DualCsrBase* create_csr(EdgeStrategy oes, EdgeStrategy ies,
     } else if (properties[0].type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar) {
       return new DualCsr<std::string_view>(
           oes, ies, properties[0].additional_type_info.max_length);
-    } else if (properties[0] == PropertyType::kString) {
+    } else if (properties[0] == PropertyType::kStringView) {
       return new DualCsr<std::string_view>(oes, ies, 256);
     }
   } else {
diff --git a/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/schema.cc b/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/schema.cc
index 9b143b14e1e6..e0052a6c38fa 100644
--- a/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/schema.cc
+++ b/flex/storages/rt_mutable_graph/schema.cc
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ static Status parse_vertex_schema(YAML::Node node, Schema& schema) {
           "Primary key " + primary_key_name + " is not found in properties");
     }
     if (property_types[primary_key_inds[i]] != PropertyType::kInt64 &&
-        property_types[primary_key_inds[i]] != PropertyType::kString &&
+        property_types[primary_key_inds[i]] != PropertyType::kStringView &&
         property_types[primary_key_inds[i]] != PropertyType::kUInt64 &&
         property_types[primary_key_inds[i]] != PropertyType::kInt32 &&
         property_types[primary_key_inds[i]] != PropertyType::kUInt32 &&
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ static Status parse_edge_schema(YAML::Node node, Schema& schema) {
                                          property_types, prop_names,
                                          schema.GetVersion()));
 
-   if (node["description"]) {
+  if (node["description"]) {
     description = node["description"].as<std::string>();
   }
   if (node["nullable"]) {
diff --git a/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/multiple_props_edge_test.cc b/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/multiple_props_edge_test.cc
index 4715cdb7aec5..045b90916667 100644
--- a/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/multiple_props_edge_test.cc
+++ b/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/multiple_props_edge_test.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class TestMultiplePropertiesEdge {
     auto data = oe->get_data().AsRecordView();
     CHECK(data.size() == 2)
         << "Inconsistent size, Except: 2, Got " << data.size();
-    CHECK(data[0].type == PropertyType::kString)
+    CHECK(data[0].type == PropertyType::kStringView)
         << "Inconsistent type, Except: string, Got " << data[0].type;
     CHECK(data[1].type == PropertyType::kInt32)
         << "Inconsistent type, Except: int, Got " << data[1].type;
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class TestMultiplePropertiesEdge {
     LOG(INFO) << "Finish test get edge\n";
   }
 
-  void test_get_graph_view(int64_t src, const std::string& dst) {
+  void test_get_graph_view(int64_t src, const std::string_view& dst) {
     auto txn = db_.GetReadTransaction();
     vid_t src_lid, dst_lid;
 
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ class TestMultiplePropertiesEdge {
 
     {
       auto txn = db_.GetSingleEdgeInsertTransaction();
-      std::string str = "test";
+      std::string_view str = "test";
       CHECK(txn.AddEdge(src_label_, src, dst_label_, dst, edge_label_,
                         {Any::From(str), Any::From(2012)}))
           << "Add edge failed\n";
diff --git a/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/string_edge_property_test.cc b/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/string_edge_property_test.cc
index 4b20e7e1039f..73c0604dbe4c 100644
--- a/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/string_edge_property_test.cc
+++ b/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/string_edge_property_test.cc
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class TestStringEdgeProperty {
     auto oe = db_.graph().get_outgoing_edges(src_label_, src_lid, dst_label_,
                                              edge_label_);
     CHECK(oe != nullptr) << "Got nullptr oe\n";
-    CHECK(oe->get_data().type == PropertyType::kString)
+    CHECK(oe->get_data().type == PropertyType::kStringView)
         << "Inconsistent type, Except: string, Got " << oe->get_data().type;
     std::cout << oe->get_data().AsStringView() << "\n";
     LOG(INFO) << "Finish test get edge\n";
diff --git a/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/test_acid.cc b/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/test_acid.cc
index 2150bd05b7f7..42ba41d6b588 100644
--- a/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/test_acid.cc
+++ b/flex/tests/rt_mutable_graph/test_acid.cc
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ oid_t generate_id() {
 
 void append_string_to_field(gs::UpdateTransaction::vertex_iterator& vit,
                             int col_id, const std::string& str) {
-  std::string cur_str = vit.GetField(col_id).AsString();
+  std::string cur_str = std::string(vit.GetField(col_id).AsStringView());
   if (cur_str.empty()) {
     cur_str = str;
   } else {
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string> G0Check(GraphDB& db,
       break;
     }
   }
-  std::string p1_version_history = vit1.GetField(1).AsString();
+  std::string p1_version_history = std::string(vit1.GetField(1).AsStringView());
 
   auto vit2 = txn.GetVertexIterator(person_label_id);
   for (; vit2.IsValid(); vit2.Next()) {
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string> G0Check(GraphDB& db,
       break;
     }
   }
-  std::string p2_version_history = vit2.GetField(1).AsString();
+  std::string p2_version_history = std::string(vit2.GetField(1).AsStringView());
 
   auto oeit = txn.GetOutEdgeIterator(person_label_id, vit1.GetIndex(),
                                      person_label_id, knows_label_id);
diff --git a/flex/utils/arrow_utils.cc b/flex/utils/arrow_utils.cc
index 220f96881f1c..580b1b2591b2 100644
--- a/flex/utils/arrow_utils.cc
+++ b/flex/utils/arrow_utils.cc
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<arrow::DataType> PropertyTypeToArrowType(PropertyType type) {
     return arrow::timestamp(arrow::TimeUnit::MILLI);
   } else if (type == PropertyType::Day()) {
     return arrow::timestamp(arrow::TimeUnit::MILLI);
-  } else if (type == PropertyType::String()) {
+  } else if (type == PropertyType::StringView()) {
     return arrow::large_utf8();
   } else if (type == PropertyType::StringMap()) {
     return arrow::large_utf8();
diff --git a/flex/utils/arrow_utils.h b/flex/utils/arrow_utils.h
index ea9b6941854c..854fc9b57cdd 100644
--- a/flex/utils/arrow_utils.h
+++ b/flex/utils/arrow_utils.h
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ struct TypeConverter<float> {
 };
 template <>
 struct TypeConverter<std::string> {
-  static PropertyType property_type() { return PropertyType::kString; }
+  static PropertyType property_type() { return PropertyType::kStringView; }
   using ArrowType = arrow::LargeStringType;
   using ArrowArrayType = arrow::LargeStringArray;
   static std::shared_ptr<arrow::DataType> ArrowTypeValue() {
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ struct TypeConverter<std::string> {
 
 template <>
 struct TypeConverter<std::string_view> {
-  static PropertyType property_type() { return PropertyType::kString; }
+  static PropertyType property_type() { return PropertyType::kStringView; }
   using ArrowType = arrow::LargeStringType;
   using ArrowArrayType = arrow::LargeStringArray;
   static std::shared_ptr<arrow::DataType> ArrowTypeValue() {
diff --git a/flex/utils/id_indexer.h b/flex/utils/id_indexer.h
index 4e15df69f9f1..67f665513346 100644
--- a/flex/utils/id_indexer.h
+++ b/flex/utils/id_indexer.h
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ class LFIndexer {
     } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar) {
       keys_ = new StringColumn(StorageStrategy::kMem,
                                type.additional_type_info.max_length);
-    } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+    } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringView) {
       LOG(WARNING) << "String type is a deprecated type, use varchar instead.";
       LOG(WARNING) << "Use default max length"
                    << PropertyType::STRING_DEFAULT_MAX_LENGTH
diff --git a/flex/utils/property/column.cc b/flex/utils/property/column.cc
index 660f105b225a..8f2ec478266e 100644
--- a/flex/utils/property/column.cc
+++ b/flex/utils/property/column.cc
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class TypedEmptyColumn<std::string_view> : public ColumnBase {
   size_t size() const override { return 0; }
   void resize(size_t size) override {}
 
-  PropertyType type() const override { return PropertyType::kString; }
+  PropertyType type() const override { return PropertyType::kStringView; }
 
   void set_value(size_t index, const std::string_view& val) {}
 
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<ColumnBase> CreateColumn(PropertyType type,
       return std::make_shared<DayColumn>(strategy);
     } else if (type == PropertyType::kStringMap) {
       return std::make_shared<DefaultStringMapColumn>(strategy);
-    } else if (type == PropertyType::kString) {
+    } else if (type == PropertyType::kStringView) {
       return std::make_shared<StringColumn>(strategy);
     } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar) {
       return std::make_shared<StringColumn>(
diff --git a/flex/utils/property/column.h b/flex/utils/property/column.h
index f1f328cf029b..df0d58089cd7 100644
--- a/flex/utils/property/column.h
+++ b/flex/utils/property/column.h
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ class TypedColumn<std::string_view> : public ColumnBase {
   }
 
   void set_any(size_t idx, const Any& value) override {
-    set_value(idx, AnyConverter<std::string_view>::from_any(value));
+    set_value(idx, value.AsStringView());
   }
 
   std::string_view get_view(size_t idx) const {
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ class StringMapColumn : public ColumnBase {
   void set_value(size_t idx, const std::string_view& val);
 
   void set_any(size_t idx, const Any& value) override {
-    set_value(idx, AnyConverter<std::string_view>::from_any(value));
+    set_value(idx, value.AsStringView());
   }
 
   std::string_view get_view(size_t idx) const;
diff --git a/flex/utils/property/types.cc b/flex/utils/property/types.cc
index 51d6700538e7..26c1b26bf035 100644
--- a/flex/utils/property/types.cc
+++ b/flex/utils/property/types.cc
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ std::string PrimitivePropertyTypeToString(PropertyType type) {
     return DT_DATE;
   } else if (type == PropertyType::kDay) {
     return DT_DAY;
-  } else if (type == PropertyType::kString) {
+  } else if (type == PropertyType::kStringView) {
     return DT_STRING;
   } else if (type == PropertyType::kStringMap) {
     return DT_STRINGMAP;
@@ -180,8 +180,8 @@ const PropertyType PropertyType::kDate =
     PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kDate);
 const PropertyType PropertyType::kDay =
     PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kDay);
-const PropertyType PropertyType::kString =
-    PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString);
+const PropertyType PropertyType::kStringView =
+    PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringView);
 const PropertyType PropertyType::kStringMap =
     PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringMap);
 const PropertyType PropertyType::kVertexGlobalId =
@@ -192,6 +192,8 @@ const PropertyType PropertyType::kRecordView =
     PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kRecordView);
 const PropertyType PropertyType::kRecord =
     PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kRecord);
+const PropertyType PropertyType::kString =
+    PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString);
 
 bool PropertyType::operator==(const PropertyType& other) const {
   if (type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar &&
@@ -199,10 +201,18 @@ bool PropertyType::operator==(const PropertyType& other) const {
     return additional_type_info.max_length ==
            other.additional_type_info.max_length;
   }
-  if ((type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString &&
+  if ((type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringView &&
        other.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar) ||
       (type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar &&
-       other.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString)) {
+       other.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringView)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if ((type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString &&
+       (other.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringView ||
+        other.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar)) ||
+      (other.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString &&
+       (type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringView ||
+        type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kVarChar))) {
     return true;
   }
   return type_enum == other.type_enum;
@@ -257,6 +267,9 @@ PropertyType PropertyType::Day() {
 PropertyType PropertyType::String() {
   return PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString);
 }
+PropertyType PropertyType::StringView() {
+  return PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringView);
+}
 PropertyType PropertyType::StringMap() {
   return PropertyType(impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kStringMap);
 }
@@ -322,7 +335,12 @@ grape::InArchive& operator<<(grape::InArchive& in_archive, const Any& value) {
     in_archive << value.type << value.value.d.milli_second;
   } else if (value.type == PropertyType::Day()) {
     in_archive << value.type << value.value.day.to_u32();
-  } else if (value.type == PropertyType::String()) {
+  } else if (value.type == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+    // serialize as string_view
+    auto s = *value.value.s_ptr;
+    auto type = PropertyType::StringView();
+    in_archive << type << s;
+  } else if (value.type == PropertyType::StringView()) {
     in_archive << value.type << value.value.s;
   } else if (value.type == PropertyType::VertexGlobalId()) {
     in_archive << value.type << value.value.vertex_gid;
@@ -371,7 +389,9 @@ grape::OutArchive& operator>>(grape::OutArchive& out_archive, Any& value) {
     uint32_t val;
     out_archive >> val;
     value.value.day.from_u32(val);
-  } else if (value.type == PropertyType::String()) {
+  } else if (value.type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+    LOG(FATAL) << "Not supported";
+  } else if (value.type == PropertyType::StringView()) {
     out_archive >> value.value.s;
   } else if (value.type == PropertyType::VertexGlobalId()) {
     out_archive >> value.value.vertex_gid;
diff --git a/flex/utils/property/types.h b/flex/utils/property/types.h
index 66fd523f982b..7fd13bba8f2d 100644
--- a/flex/utils/property/types.h
+++ b/flex/utils/property/types.h
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ enum class PropertyTypeImpl {
   kInt32,
   kDate,
   kDay,
-  kString,
+  kStringView,
   kEmpty,
   kInt64,
   kDouble,
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ enum class PropertyTypeImpl {
   kLabel,
   kRecordView,
   kRecord,
+  kString,
 };
 
 // Stores additional type information for PropertyTypeImpl
@@ -119,13 +120,14 @@ struct PropertyType {
   static PropertyType Double();
   static PropertyType Date();
   static PropertyType Day();
-  static PropertyType String();
+  static PropertyType StringView();
   static PropertyType StringMap();
   static PropertyType Varchar(uint16_t max_length);
   static PropertyType VertexGlobalId();
   static PropertyType Label();
   static PropertyType RecordView();
   static PropertyType Record();
+  static PropertyType String();
 
   static const PropertyType kEmpty;
   static const PropertyType kBool;
@@ -139,12 +141,13 @@ struct PropertyType {
   static const PropertyType kDouble;
   static const PropertyType kDate;
   static const PropertyType kDay;
-  static const PropertyType kString;
+  static const PropertyType kStringView;
   static const PropertyType kStringMap;
   static const PropertyType kVertexGlobalId;
   static const PropertyType kLabel;
   static const PropertyType kRecordView;
   static const PropertyType kRecord;
+  static const PropertyType kString;
 
   bool operator==(const PropertyType& other) const;
   bool operator!=(const PropertyType& other) const;
@@ -310,6 +313,43 @@ struct Record {
   size_t len;
   Any* props;
 };
+
+struct StringPtr {
+  StringPtr() : ptr(nullptr) {}
+  StringPtr(const std::string& str) : ptr(new std::string(str)) {}
+  StringPtr(const StringPtr& other) {
+    if (other.ptr) {
+      ptr = new std::string(*other.ptr);
+    } else {
+      ptr = nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+  StringPtr(StringPtr&& other) : ptr(other.ptr) { other.ptr = nullptr; }
+  StringPtr& operator=(const StringPtr& other) {
+    if (this == &other) {
+      return *this;
+    }
+    if (ptr) {
+      delete ptr;
+    }
+    if (other.ptr) {
+      ptr = new std::string(*other.ptr);
+    } else {
+      ptr = nullptr;
+    }
+    return *this;
+  }
+  ~StringPtr() {
+    if (ptr) {
+      delete ptr;
+    }
+  }
+  // return string_view
+  std::string_view operator*() const {
+    return std::string_view((*ptr).data(), (*ptr).size());
+  }
+  std::string* ptr;
+};
 union AnyValue {
   AnyValue() {}
   ~AnyValue() {}
@@ -333,6 +373,7 @@ union AnyValue {
 
   // Non-trivial types
   Record record;
+  StringPtr s_ptr;
 };
 
 template <typename T>
@@ -344,6 +385,8 @@ struct Any {
   Any(const Any& other) : type(other.type) {
     if (type == PropertyType::kRecord) {
       new (&value.record) Record(other.value.record);
+    } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+      new (&value.s_ptr) StringPtr(other.value.s_ptr);
     } else {
       memcpy(static_cast<void*>(&value), static_cast<const void*>(&other.value),
              sizeof(AnyValue));
@@ -353,6 +396,8 @@ struct Any {
   Any(Any&& other) : type(other.type) {
     if (type == PropertyType::kRecord) {
       new (&value.record) Record(std::move(other.value.record));
+    } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+      new (&value.s_ptr) StringPtr(std::move(other.value.s_ptr));
     } else {
       memcpy(static_cast<void*>(&value), static_cast<const void*>(&other.value),
              sizeof(AnyValue));
@@ -368,12 +413,19 @@ struct Any {
     new (&value.record) Record(vec);
   }
 
+  Any(const std::string& str) {
+    type = PropertyType::kString;
+    new (&value.s_ptr) StringPtr(str);
+  }
+
   template <typename T>
   Any(const T& val) {
     Any a = Any::From(val);
     type = a.type;
     if (type == PropertyType::kRecord) {
       new (&value.record) Record(a.value.record);
+    } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+      new (&value.s_ptr) StringPtr(a.value.s_ptr);
     } else {
       memcpy(static_cast<void*>(&value), static_cast<const void*>(&a.value),
              sizeof(AnyValue));
@@ -390,6 +442,8 @@ struct Any {
     type = other.type;
     if (type == PropertyType::kRecord) {
       new (&value.record) Record(other.value.record);
+    } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+      new (&value.s_ptr) StringPtr(other.value.s_ptr);
     } else {
       memcpy(static_cast<void*>(&value), static_cast<const void*>(&other.value),
              sizeof(AnyValue));
@@ -400,6 +454,8 @@ struct Any {
   ~Any() {
     if (type == PropertyType::kRecord) {
       value.record.~Record();
+    } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+      value.s_ptr.~StringPtr();
     }
   }
 
@@ -457,11 +513,16 @@ struct Any {
     value.day = v;
   }
 
-  void set_string(std::string_view v) {
-    type = PropertyType::kString;
+  void set_string_view(std::string_view v) {
+    type = PropertyType::kStringView;
     value.s = v;
   }
 
+  void set_string(const std::string& v) {
+    type = PropertyType::kString;
+    new (&value.s_ptr) StringPtr(v);
+  }
+
   void set_float(float v) {
     type = PropertyType::kFloat;
     value.f = v;
@@ -500,7 +561,9 @@ struct Any {
       return std::to_string(value.i);
     } else if (type == PropertyType::kInt64) {
       return std::to_string(value.l);
-    } else if (type == PropertyType::kString) {
+    } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+      return *value.s_ptr.ptr;
+    } else if (type == PropertyType::kStringView) {
       return std::string(value.s.data(), value.s.size());
       //      return value.s.to_string();
     } else if (type == PropertyType::kDate) {
@@ -534,9 +597,9 @@ struct Any {
     }
   }
 
-  std::string AsString() const {
-    assert(type == PropertyType::kString);
-    return std::string(value.s);
+  const std::string& AsString() const {
+    assert(type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString);
+    return *value.s_ptr.ptr;
   }
 
   int64_t AsInt64() const {
@@ -574,9 +637,13 @@ struct Any {
     return value.f;
   }
 
-  const std::string_view& AsStringView() const {
-    assert(type == PropertyType::kString);
-    return value.s;
+  std::string_view AsStringView() const {
+    assert(type == PropertyType::kStringView);
+    if (type.type_enum != impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+      return value.s;
+    } else {
+      return *value.s_ptr.ptr;
+    }
   }
 
   const Date& AsDate() const {
@@ -624,8 +691,10 @@ struct Any {
         return value.d.milli_second == other.value.d.milli_second;
       } else if (type == PropertyType::kDay) {
         return value.day == other.value.day;
-      } else if (type == PropertyType::kString) {
-        return value.s == other.value.s;
+      } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+        return *value.s_ptr == other.AsStringView();
+      } else if (type == PropertyType::kStringView) {
+        return value.s == other.AsStringView();
       } else if (type == PropertyType::kEmpty) {
         return true;
       } else if (type == PropertyType::kDouble) {
@@ -678,8 +747,10 @@ struct Any {
         return value.d.milli_second < other.value.d.milli_second;
       } else if (type == PropertyType::kDay) {
         return value.day < other.value.day;
-      } else if (type == PropertyType::kString) {
-        return value.s < other.value.s;
+      } else if (type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString) {
+        return *value.s_ptr < other.AsStringView();
+      } else if (type == PropertyType::kStringView) {
+        return value.s < other.AsStringView();
       } else if (type == PropertyType::kEmpty) {
         return false;
       } else if (type == PropertyType::kDouble) {
@@ -811,15 +882,15 @@ struct ConvertAny<grape::EmptyType> {
 template <>
 struct ConvertAny<std::string> {
   static void to(const Any& value, std::string& out) {
-    CHECK(value.type == PropertyType::kString);
-    out = std::string(value.value.s);
+    CHECK(value.type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString);
+    out = *value.value.s_ptr.ptr;
   }
 };
 
 template <>
 struct ConvertAny<std::string_view> {
   static void to(const Any& value, std::string_view& out) {
-    CHECK(value.type == PropertyType::kString);
+    CHECK(value.type == PropertyType::kStringView);
     out = value.value.s;
   }
 };
@@ -1056,16 +1127,17 @@ struct AnyConverter<Day> {
 
 template <>
 struct AnyConverter<std::string_view> {
-  static PropertyType type() { return PropertyType::kString; }
+  static PropertyType type() { return PropertyType::kStringView; }
 
   static Any to_any(const std::string_view& value) {
     Any ret;
-    ret.set_string(value);
+    ret.set_string_view(value);
     return ret;
   }
 
   static const std::string_view& from_any(const Any& value) {
-    CHECK(value.type == PropertyType::kString);
+    CHECK(value.type == PropertyType::kStringView &&
+          value.type.type_enum != impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString);
     return value.value.s;
   }
 
@@ -1084,13 +1156,13 @@ struct AnyConverter<std::string> {
     return ret;
   }
 
-  static std::string from_any(const Any& value) {
-    CHECK(value.type == PropertyType::kString);
-    return std::string(value.value.s);
+  static std::string& from_any(const Any& value) {
+    CHECK(value.type.type_enum == impl::PropertyTypeImpl::kString);
+    return *value.value.s_ptr.ptr;
   }
 
-  static std::string from_any_value(const AnyValue& value) {
-    return std::string(value.s);
+  static std::string& from_any_value(const AnyValue& value) {
+    return *value.s_ptr.ptr;
   }
 };
 
@@ -1289,7 +1361,7 @@ inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, gs::PropertyType pt) {
     os << "date";
   } else if (pt == gs::PropertyType::Day()) {
     os << "day";
-  } else if (pt == gs::PropertyType::String()) {
+  } else if (pt == gs::PropertyType::StringView()) {
     os << "string";
   } else if (pt == gs::PropertyType::StringMap()) {
     os << "string_map";
@@ -1329,7 +1401,7 @@ struct convert<gs::PropertyType> {
     } else if (config["string"]) {
       if (config["string"].IsMap()) {
         if (config["string"]["long_text"]) {
-          property_type = gs::PropertyType::String();
+          property_type = gs::PropertyType::StringView();
         } else if (config["string"]["var_char"]) {
           if (config["string"]["var_char"]["max_length"]) {
             property_type = gs::PropertyType::Varchar(
@@ -1383,7 +1455,7 @@ struct convert<gs::PropertyType> {
         type == gs::PropertyType::Double()) {
       node["primitive_type"] =
           gs::config_parsing::PrimitivePropertyTypeToString(type);
-    } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::String() ||
+    } else if (type == gs::PropertyType::StringView() ||
                type == gs::PropertyType::StringMap()) {
       node["string"]["long_text"] = "";
     } else if (type.IsVarchar()) {
diff --git a/flex/utils/pt_indexer.h b/flex/utils/pt_indexer.h
index a9e48f15ea7c..b85a46510e4a 100644
--- a/flex/utils/pt_indexer.h
+++ b/flex/utils/pt_indexer.h
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ struct murmurhash2_64 {
   }
 
   static inline hash_type hash(const Any& val, uint64_t seed) {
-    if (val.type == PropertyType::kString) {
+    if (val.type == PropertyType::kStringView) {
       return hash(val.AsStringView(), seed);
     } else if (val.type == PropertyType::kInt64) {
       return hash<int64_t>(val.AsInt64(), seed);
diff --git a/flex/utils/service_utils.h b/flex/utils/service_utils.h
index a5871e233dd2..7e6e026eb142 100644
--- a/flex/utils/service_utils.h
+++ b/flex/utils/service_utils.h
@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ inline void to_json(nlohmann::json& j, const PropertyType& p) {
     j["temporal"]["timestamp"] = {};
   } else if (p == PropertyType::Day()) {
     j["temporal"]["date32"] = {};
-  } else if (p == PropertyType::String() || p == PropertyType::StringMap()) {
+  } else if (p == PropertyType::StringView() ||
+             p == PropertyType::StringMap()) {
     j["string"]["long_text"] = {};
   } else if (p.IsVarchar()) {
     j["string"]["var_char"]["max_length"] = p.additional_type_info.max_length;
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ inline void from_json(const nlohmann::json& j, PropertyType& p) {
         j["primitive_type"].get<std::string>());
   } else if (j.contains("string")) {
     if (j["string"].contains("long_text")) {
-      p = PropertyType::String();
+      p = PropertyType::StringView();
     } else if (j.contains("string") && j["string"].contains("var_char")) {
       if (j["string"]["var_char"].contains("max_length")) {
         p = PropertyType::Varchar(