diff --git a/server/api.js b/server/api.js
index 0eb67d7a..a999dc71 100644
--- a/server/api.js
+++ b/server/api.js
@@ -491,56 +491,47 @@ router.route('/commons/syncwithlibs/automated').put(
 
 /* Commons Books/Catalogs */
 router.route('/commons/catalog').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('getCommonsCatalog'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getCommonsCatalogSchema),
   booksAPI.getCommonsCatalog,
 );
 
 router.route('/commons/mastercatalog').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('getMasterCatalog'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getMasterCatalogSchema),
   booksAPI.getMasterCatalog,
 );
 
 router.route('/commons/book/:bookID').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('getBookDetail'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getWithBookIDParamSchema),
   booksAPI.getBookDetail,
 );
 
 router.route('/commons/book/:bookID/summary').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('getBookSummary'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getWithBookIDParamSchema),
   booksAPI.getBookSummary,
 );
 
 router.route('/commons/book/:bookID/files/:fileID?').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('getBookFiles'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getBookFilesSchema),
   booksAPI.getBookFiles,
 );
 
 router.route('/commons/book/:bookID/files/:fileID/download').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('downloadBookFile'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.downloadBookFileSchema),
   booksAPI.downloadBookFile,
 );
 
 router.route('/commons/book/:bookID/toc').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('getBookTOC'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getWithBookIDParamSchema),
   booksAPI.getBookTOC,
 );
 
 router.route('/commons/book/:bookID/licensereport').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('getLicenseReport'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getWithBookIDParamSchema),
   booksAPI.getLicenseReport,
 );
 
 router.route('/commons/book/:bookID/peerreviews').get(
-  booksAPI.validate('getBookPeerReviews'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getWithBookIDParamSchema),
   booksAPI.getBookPeerReviews,
 );
 
@@ -550,8 +541,7 @@ router.route('/commons/catalogs/addresource').put(
   authAPI.verifyRequest,
   authAPI.getUserAttributes,
   authAPI.checkHasRoleMiddleware(process.env.ORG_ID, 'campusadmin'),
-  booksAPI.validate('addBookToCustomCatalog'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getWithBookIDBodySchema),
   booksAPI.addBookToCustomCatalog,
 );
 
@@ -559,8 +549,7 @@ router.route('/commons/catalogs/removeresource').put(
   authAPI.verifyRequest,
   authAPI.getUserAttributes,
   authAPI.checkHasRoleMiddleware(process.env.ORG_ID, 'campusadmin'),
-  booksAPI.validate('removeBookFromCustomCatalog'),
-  middleware.checkValidationErrors,
+  middleware.validateZod(booksAPI.getWithBookIDBodySchema),
   booksAPI.removeBookFromCustomCatalog,
 );
 
diff --git a/server/api/books.js b/server/api/books.js
deleted file mode 100644
index a13a6b8f..00000000
--- a/server/api/books.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1901 +0,0 @@
-//
-// LibreTexts Conductor
-// collections.js
-//
-
-'use strict';
-import Promise from 'bluebird';
-import express from 'express';
-import axios from 'axios';
-import fs from 'fs-extra';
-import { query, param } from 'express-validator';
-import {
-  debugError,
-  debugCommonsSync,
-  debugServer
-} from '../debug.js';
-import Book from '../models/book.js';
-import Collection from '../models/collection.js';
-import Organization from '../models/organization.js';
-import CustomCatalog from '../models/customcatalog.js';
-import Project from '../models/project.js';
-import PeerReview from '../models/peerreview.js';
-import Tag from '../models/tag.js';
-import CIDDescriptor from '../models/ciddescriptor.js';
-import conductorErrors from '../conductor-errors.js';
-import { isEmptyString, isValidDateObject } from '../util/helpers.js';
-import {
-    checkBookIDFormat,
-    extractLibFromID,
-    getLibraryAndPageFromBookID,
-    isValidLibrary,
-    isValidLicense,
-    isValidSort,
-    genThumbnailLink,
-    genPDFLink,
-    genBookstoreLink,
-    genZIPLink,
-    genPubFilesLink,
-    genLMSFileLink,
-    genPermalink,
-    getBookTOCFromAPI,
-} from '../util/bookutils.js';
-import { retrieveProjectFiles, downloadProjectFile } from '../util/projectutils.js';
-import { buildPeerReviewAggregation } from '../util/peerreviewutils.js';
-import { libraryNameKeys, unsupportedSyncLibraryNameKeys } from '../util/librariesmap.js';
-import { getBrowserKeyForLib } from '../util/mtkeys.js';
-import projectsAPI from './projects.js';
-import alertsAPI from './alerts.js';
-
-/**
- * Accepts a library shortname and returns the LibreTexts API URL for the current
- * Bookshelves listings in that library.
- * @param {String} lib - the standard shortened library identifier
- * @returns {String} the URL of the library's Bookshelves listings
- */
-const generateBookshelvesURL = (lib) => {
-    if (lib !== 'espanol') {
-        return `https://api.libretexts.org/DownloadsCenter/${lib}/Bookshelves.json`;
-    } else {
-        return `https://api.libretexts.org/DownloadsCenter/${lib}/home.json`;
-    }
-};
-
-/**
- * Accepts a library shortname and returns the LibreTexts API URL for the current
- * Courses listings in that library.
- * @param {String} lib - the standard shortened library identifier
- * @returns {String} the URL of the library's Courses listings
- */
-const generateCoursesURL = (lib) => {
-    return `https://api.libretexts.org/DownloadsCenter/${lib}/Courses.json`;
-};
-
-/**
- * Sorts two strings after normalizing them to contain only letters.
- * @param {String} a 
- * @param {String} b 
- * @returns {Number} the sort order of the two strings
- */
-const normalizedSort = (a, b) => {
-    var normalizedA = String(a).toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-zA-Z]/gm, '');
-    var normalizedB = String(b).toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-zA-Z]/gm, '');
-    if (normalizedA < normalizedB) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    if (normalizedA > normalizedB) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-    return 0;
-};
-
-/**
- * Accepts an array of Books and the sorting choice and returns the sorted array.
- *
- * @param {object[]} books - The array of Book objects to sort
- * @param {string} [sortChoice] - The sort choice, either 'random', 'author', or 'title' (default).
- * @returns {object[]} The sorted array of Books.
- */
-function sortBooks(books, sortChoice) {
-  if (Array.isArray(books) && sortChoice) {
-    if (sortChoice === 'random') {
-      let shuffleArr = [...books];
-      for (let i = shuffleArr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
-        const j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
-        [shuffleArr[i], shuffleArr[j]] = [shuffleArr[j], shuffleArr[i]];
-      }
-      return shuffleArr;
-    }
-
-    const collator = new Intl.Collator('en-US', {
-      numeric: true,
-      sensitivity: 'base',
-      ignorePunctuation: true,
-    });
-    return books.sort((a, b) => {
-      let aKey = '';
-      let bKey = '';
-      if (sortChoice === 'author') {
-        aKey = a.author;
-        bKey = b.author;
-      } else {
-        // default Sort by Title
-        aKey = a.title;
-        bKey = b.title;
-      }
-      return collator.compare(aKey, bKey);
-    });
-  }
-  return books;
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Checks that a new book object has the required fields to be imported.
- * @param {Object} book - The information about the book to be imported.
- * @returns {Boolean} True if ready for import, false otherwise (logged).
- */
-const checkValidImport = (book) => {
-    var isValidImport = true;
-    var validationFails = [];
-    var expectedLib = extractLibFromID(book.zipFilename);
-    if (book.zipFilename === undefined || book.zipFilename === null || isEmptyString(book.zipFilename)) {
-        isValidImport = false;
-        validationFails.push('bookID');
-    }
-    if (book.title === undefined || book.title === null || isEmptyString(book.title)) {
-        isValidImport = false;
-        validationFails.push('title');
-    }
-    if (isEmptyString(expectedLib)) {
-        isValidImport = false;
-        validationFails.push('library');
-    }
-    if (book.id === undefined || book.id === null || isEmptyString(book.id)) {
-        isValidImport = false;
-        validationFails.push('coverPageID');
-    }
-    if (!isValidImport && validationFails.length > 0) {
-        var debugString = "Not importing 1 book — missing fields: " + validationFails.join(',');
-        debugCommonsSync(debugString);
-    }
-    return isValidImport;
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Updates system-managed Collections for specified OER programs.
- *
- * @returns {Promise<number|boolean>} The number of collections updated, or
- *  false if error encountered.
- */
-const autoGenerateCollections = () => {
-  const bookQueries = [];
-  const collOps = [];
-  let collections = [];
-  return Collection.find(({ autoManage: true })).lean().then((autoColls) => {
-    collections = autoColls;
-    /* Find books for auto-managed program collections */
-    for (let i = 0, n = autoColls.length; i < n; i += 1) {
-      const currColl = autoColls[i];
-      if (typeof (currColl.program) === 'string' && currColl.program.length > 0) {
-        bookQueries.push(Book.aggregate([
-          {
-            $match: {
-              program: currColl.program,
-              location: {
-                $in: currColl.locations
-              },
-            }
-          }, {
-            $project: {
-              _id: 0,
-              bookID: 1,
-              location: 1,
-              program: 1,
-            }
-          },
-        ]));
-      }
-    }
-    return Promise.all(bookQueries);
-  }).then((bookQueryRes) => {
-    /* Sort books into their auto-managed collection */
-    let allBooksFound = [];
-    for (let i = 0, n = bookQueryRes.length; i < n; i += 1) {
-      allBooksFound = [...allBooksFound, ...bookQueryRes[i]];
-    }
-    for (let i = 0, n = allBooksFound.length; i < n; i += 1) {
-      const currBook = allBooksFound[i];
-      const collIdx = collections.findIndex((coll) => coll.program === currBook.program);
-      if (collIdx > -1) {
-        const resourcesById = collections[collIdx].resources?.map((item) => {
-          if (item.resourceType === 'resource') {
-            return item.resourceID;
-          }
-          return null;
-        }).filter((i) => !!i) || [];
-        if (!Array.isArray(collections[collIdx].newListings)) {
-          collections[collIdx].newListings = [];
-        }
-        if (!resourcesById.includes(currBook.bookID)) {
-          collections[collIdx].newListings.push({
-            resourceType: 'resource',
-            resourceID: currBook.bookID,
-          });
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    /* Assembles updates for collections (if necessary) */
-    for (let i = 0, n = collections.length; i < n; i += 1) {
-      const currColl = collections[i];
-      if (Array.isArray(currColl.newListings) && currColl.newListings.length > 0) {
-        collOps.push({
-          updateOne: {
-            filter: {
-              collID: currColl.collID,
-            },
-            update: {
-              $addToSet: {
-                resources: {
-                  $each: currColl.newListings,
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        });
-      }
-    }
-    if (collOps.length < 1) {
-      return {};
-    }
-    return Collection.bulkWrite(collOps, { ordered: false });
-  }).then((updateRes) => {
-    if (typeof (updateRes.nModified) === 'number') {
-      return updateRes.nModified;
-    }
-    return 0;
-  }).catch((err) => {
-    console.error(err);
-    return false;
-  });
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Retrieve prepared books from the LibreTexts API and process &
- * import them to the Conductor database for use in Commons.
- * @param {Object} req - The Express.js request object.
- * @param {Object} res - The Express.js response object.
- */
-const syncWithLibraries = (_req, res) => {
-    let importCount = 0;        // final count of imported books
-    let didGenExports = false;  // If KB Export files were generated
-    let shelvesRequests = [];   // requests from Bookshelves
-    let coursesRequests = [];   // requests from Campus Bookshelves
-    let allRequests = [];       // all requests to be made
-    let allBooks = [];          // all books returned from LT API
-    let processedBooks = [];    // all books processed for DB save
-    let bookOps = [];           // update/insert operations to perform with Mongoose
-    let existingBooks = [];     // existing books in the DB
-    let existingProjects = [];  // existing projects (tied to books) in the DB
-    let bookIDs = [];           // all (unique) bookIDs returned from LT API
-    let projectsToCreate = [];  // projects to be created to track books from LT API
-    let newBookDBIds = [];      // upserted MongoDb id's
-    let generatedProjects = false; // did create new projects
-    let updatedCollections = false; // did update auto-managed Collections
-    // Build list(s) of HTTP requests to be performed
-    const libsToSync = libraryNameKeys.filter((key) => !unsupportedSyncLibraryNameKeys.includes(key));
-    libsToSync.forEach((lib) => {
-        shelvesRequests.push(axios.get(generateBookshelvesURL(lib)));
-        coursesRequests.push(axios.get(generateCoursesURL(lib)));
-    });
-    allRequests = shelvesRequests.concat(coursesRequests);
-    // Execute requests
-    Promise.all(allRequests).then((booksRes) => {
-        // Extract books from responses
-        booksRes.forEach((axiosRes) => {
-            allBooks = allBooks.concat(axiosRes.data.items);
-        });
-        // Process books and prepare for DB save
-        allBooks.forEach((book) => {
-            // check if book is valid & unique, otherwise ignore
-            if (checkValidImport(book) && !bookIDs.includes(book.zipFilename)) {
-                let link = ''
-                let author = '';
-                let affiliation = '';
-                let license = '';
-                let summary = '';
-                let subject = '';
-                let course = '';
-                let location = '';
-                let program = '';
-                let lastUpdated = '';
-                let libraryTags = [];
-                if (Array.isArray(book.tags)) {
-                  if (book.tags.includes('coverpage:nocommons')) {
-                      return; // don't continue processing this entry
-                  }
-                  book.tags.forEach((tag) => {
-                      if (tag.includes('license:')) {
-                          license = tag.replace('license:', '');
-                      }
-                      if (tag.includes('program:')) {
-                          program = tag.replace('program:', '');
-                      }
-                  });
-                  libraryTags = book.tags;
-                }
-                if (book.link) {
-                    link = book.link;
-                    if (String(book.link).includes('/Bookshelves/')) {
-                        location = 'central';
-                        let baseURL = `https://${extractLibFromID(book.zipFilename)}.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/`;
-                        let isolated = String(book.link).replace(baseURL, '');
-                        let splitURL = isolated.split('/');
-                        if (splitURL.length > 0) {
-                            let shelfRaw = splitURL[0];
-                            subject = shelfRaw.replace(/_/g, ' ');
-                        }
-                    }
-                    if (String(book.link).includes('/Courses/')) {
-                        location = 'campus';
-                        let baseURL = `https://${extractLibFromID(book.zipFilename)}.libretexts.org/Courses/`;
-                        let isolated = String(book.link).replace(baseURL, '');
-                        let splitURL = isolated.split('/');
-                        if (splitURL.length > 0) {
-                            let courseRaw = splitURL[0];
-                            course = courseRaw.replace(/_/g, ' ');
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                if (book.author) author = book.author;
-                if (typeof (book.summary) === 'string') summary = book.summary;
-                if (book.institution) affiliation = book.institution; // Affiliation is referred to as "Institution" in LT API
-                if (typeof (book.lastModified) === 'string') lastUpdated = book.lastModified;
-
-                bookIDs.push(book.zipFilename); // duplicate mitigation
-                processedBooks.push({
-                    author,
-                    affiliation,
-                    subject,        // TODO: Improve algorithm
-                    location,
-                    course,         // TODO: Improve algorithm
-                    program,
-                    license,
-                    summary,
-                    bookID: book.zipFilename,
-                    title: book.title,
-                    library: extractLibFromID(book.zipFilename),
-                    thumbnail: genThumbnailLink(extractLibFromID(book.zipFilename), book.id),
-                    links: {
-                        online: link,
-                        pdf: genPDFLink(book.zipFilename),
-                        buy: genBookstoreLink(book.zipFilename),
-                        zip: genZIPLink(book.zipFilename),
-                        files: genPubFilesLink(book.zipFilename),
-                        lms: genLMSFileLink(book.zipFilename)
-                    },
-                    lastUpdated,
-                    libraryTags,
-                });
-            }
-        });
-        let booksQuery = Book.aggregate([
-            {
-                $project: {
-                    _id: 0,
-                    bookID: 1
-                }
-            }
-        ]);
-        let projsQuery = Project.aggregate([
-            {
-                $match: {
-                    $and: [
-                        { projectURL: { $ne: null } },
-                        { libreLibrary: { $ne: null } },
-                        { libreCoverID: { $ne: null } }
-                    ]
-                }
-            }, {
-                $project: {
-                    _id: 0,
-                    projectID: 1,
-                    projectURL: 1,
-                    libreLibrary: 1,
-                    libreCoverID: 1
-                }
-            }
-        ]);
-        return Promise.all([booksQuery, projsQuery]);
-    }).then((queryResults) => {
-        if (queryResults.length === 2) {
-            if (Array.isArray(queryResults[0])) {
-                existingBooks = queryResults[0].map((existBook) => {
-                    if (typeof (existBook).bookID === 'string') return existBook.bookID;
-                    return null;
-                }).filter((item) => item !== null);
-            }
-            if (Array.isArray(queryResults[1])) existingProjects = queryResults[1];
-        }
-        processedBooks.forEach((book) => {
-            /* check if project needs to be created */
-            let [bookLib, bookCoverID] = getLibraryAndPageFromBookID(book.bookID);
-            if (typeof (bookLib) === 'string' && typeof (bookCoverID) === 'string') {
-                let foundProject = existingProjects.find((project) => {
-                    if (project.libreLibrary === bookLib && project.libreCoverID === bookCoverID) {
-                        return project;
-                    }
-                    return null;
-                });
-                if (foundProject === undefined) {
-                    projectsToCreate.push({
-                        title: book.title,
-                        library: bookLib,
-                        coverID: bookCoverID,
-                        url: book.links?.online,
-                        author: book.author
-                    });
-                }
-            }
-            /* insert or update books */
-            bookOps.push({
-                updateOne: {
-                    filter: {
-                        bookID: book.bookID
-                    },
-                    update: {
-                        $setOnInsert: {
-                            bookID: book.bookID
-                        },
-                        $set: {
-                            title: book.title,
-                            author: book.author,
-                            affiliation: book.affiliation,
-                            library: book.library,
-                            subject: book.subject,
-                            location: book.location,
-                            course: book.course,
-                            program: book.program,
-                            license: book.license,
-                            thumbnail: book.thumbnail,
-                            summary: book.summary,
-                            links: book.links,
-                            lastUpdated: book.lastUpdated,
-                            libraryTags: book.libraryTags,
-                        }
-                    },
-                    upsert: true
-                }
-            })
-        });
-        existingBooks.forEach((book) => {
-            /* check if book needs to be deleted */
-            let foundProcessed = processedBooks.find((processed) => book === processed.bookID);
-            if (foundProcessed === undefined) {
-                // book not found in new batch, needs to be deleted
-                bookOps.push({
-                    deleteOne: {
-                        filter: {
-                            bookID: book
-                        }
-                    }
-                });
-            }
-        });
-        return Book.bulkWrite(bookOps, {
-            ordered: false
-        });
-    }).catch((writeErr) => {
-        debugError(writeErr);
-        /* Catch intermediate errors with bulkWrite, try to recover */
-        if (writeErr.result?.nMatched > 0) {
-            // Some imports failed (silent)
-            debugCommonsSync(`Updated only ${writeErr.result.nMatched} books when ${allBooks.length} books were expected.`);
-            return null; // Continue to auto-generate Program Collections
-        } else { // All imports failed
-            throw (new Error('bulkwrite'));
-        }
-    }).then((writeRes) => {
-        if (typeof (writeRes.result?.nMatched) === 'number') {
-          importCount = writeRes.result.nMatched;
-        }
-        if (typeof (writeRes.upsertedIds) === 'object') {
-            Object.keys(writeRes.upsertedIds).forEach((key) => {
-                newBookDBIds.push(writeRes.upsertedIds[key]);
-            });
-        }
-        // All imports succeeded, continue to update auto-managed Collections
-        return autoGenerateCollections();
-    }).then((autoCollsRes) => {
-        updatedCollections = autoCollsRes;
-        // Program Collections updated, continue to generate KB Export files
-        return generateKBExport();
-    }).then((generated) => {
-        if (generated === true) {
-          didGenExports = true;
-        }
-        if (projectsToCreate.length > 0) {
-            // Continue to autogenerate new Projects
-            return projectsAPI.autoGenerateProjects(projectsToCreate);
-        }
-        debugCommonsSync('No new projects to create.');
-        return 0;
-    }).then((projectsGen) => {
-        generatedProjects = projectsGen;
-        if (newBookDBIds.length > 0) {
-          return alertsAPI.processInstantBookAlerts(newBookDBIds);
-        }
-        return true;
-    }).then(() => {
-        // ignore return value of processing Alerts
-        let msg = `Imported ${importCount} books from the Libraries.`;
-        if (typeof (updatedCollections) == 'number') {
-          msg += ` ${updatedCollections} system-managed Collections updated.`
-        } else if (typeof (updatedCollections) === 'boolean' && !updatedCollections) {
-          msg += ` FAILED to update system-managed collections. Check server logs.`;
-        }
-        if (didGenExports) {
-            msg += ` Successfully generated export files for 3rd-party content services.`;
-        } else {
-            msg += ` FAILED to generate export files for 3rd-party content services. Check server logs.`;
-        }
-        if (typeof (generatedProjects) === 'number') {
-            msg += ` ${generatedProjects} new Projects were autogenerated.`;   
-        } else if (typeof (generatedProjects) === 'boolean' && !generatedProjects) {
-            msg += ` FAILED to autogenerate new Projects. Check server logs.`;
-        }
-        debugCommonsSync(msg);
-        return res.send({
-            err: false,
-            msg: msg
-        });
-    }).catch((err) => {
-        debugError(err);
-        if (err.message === 'bulkwrite') {
-            // all imports failed
-            return res.send({
-                err: true,
-                msg: conductorErrors.err13
-            });
-        } else if (err.code === 'ENOTFOUND') { // issues connecting to LT API
-            return res.send({
-                err: true,
-                errMsg: conductorErrors.err16
-            });
-        } else { // other errors
-            debugError(err);
-            return res.send({
-                err: true,
-                errMsg: conductorErrors.err6
-            });
-        }
-    });
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Runs the Sync with Libraries job via on trigger from an automated requester (e.g. schedule service).
- * @param {object} req - The Express.js request object.
- * @param {object} res - The Express.js response object.
- */
-const runAutomatedSyncWithLibraries = (req, res) => {
-    debugServer(`Received automated request to sync Commons with Libraries ${new Date().toLocaleString()}`);
-    return syncWithLibraries(req, res);
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Accepts a standard Organization-model object and generates an array of strings of all
- * known variations of the Organization's name, including full, short, abbreviation, and
- * possible aliases.
- * INTERNAL USE ONLY.
- * @param {Object} orgData - An Organization information object.
- * @returns {String[]} An array of known Organization names.
- */
-const buildOrganizationNamesList = (orgData) => {
-    if (orgData) {
-        let campusNames = []; // stores all variations of the organization name
-        let normNames = []; // temporarily stores the normalized variations
-        if (orgData.name && !isEmptyString(orgData.name)) {
-            if (!campusNames.includes(orgData.name)) {
-                campusNames.push(orgData.name);
-            }
-        }
-        if (orgData.shortName && !isEmptyString(orgData.shortName)) {
-            if (!campusNames.includes(orgData.shortName)) {
-                campusNames.push(orgData.shortName);
-            }
-        }
-        if (orgData.abbreviation && !isEmptyString(orgData.abbreviation)) {
-            if (!campusNames.includes(orgData.abbreviation)) {
-                campusNames.push(orgData.abbreviation);
-            }
-        }
-        if (orgData.aliases && Array.isArray(orgData.aliases) && orgData.aliases.length > 0) {
-            campusNames = campusNames.concat(orgData.aliases);
-        }
-        // Normalize the names to remove common punctuation, then add to campusNames list
-        campusNames.forEach((name) => {
-            let normed = String(name).replace(/,/g, '').replace(/-/g, '').replace(/:/g, '').replace(/'/g, '');
-            if (!normNames.includes(normed) && !campusNames.includes(normed)) {
-                normNames.push(normed);
-            }
-            let lowerNormed = String(normed).toLowerCase();
-            if (!normNames.includes(lowerNormed) && !campusNames.includes(lowerNormed)) {
-                normNames.push(lowerNormed);
-            }
-        });
-        if (normNames.length > 0) {
-            campusNames = campusNames.concat(normNames);
-        }
-        return campusNames;
-    } else {
-        return [];
-    }
-};
-
-/**
- * Returns the Commons Catalog results according to request filters, search parameters,
- * and sort options.
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object. 
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing resposne object.
- */
-async function getCommonsCatalog(req, res) {
-  try {
-    const orgID = process.env.ORG_ID;
-    let textSearchTerm = null;
-    let cidFilter = false;
-
-    const searchOptions = {};
-    const institutionOptions = [];
-
-    const searchQueries = [];
-    const bookProjection = {
-      _id: 0,
-      __v: 0,
-      createdAt: 0,
-      updatedAt: 0,
-    };
-    const projectWithAssociatedBookQuery = {
-      $expr: {
-        $and: [
-          { $eq: ['$orgID', orgID] },
-          { $ne: [{ $type: '$libreLibrary' }, 'missing'] },
-          { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: '$libreLibrary' }, 0] },
-          { $ne: [{ $type: '$libreCoverID' }, 'missing'] },
-          { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: '$libreCoverID' }, 0] },
-        ],
-      },
-    };
-    const projectWithAssociatedBookProjection = {
-      _id: 0,
-      libreLibrary: 1,
-      libreCoverID: 1,
-    };
-
-    let sortChoice = 'title'; // default to title sort
-    if (req.query.sort && !isEmptyString(req.query.sort)) {
-      sortChoice = req.query.sort;
-    }
-
-    const setStringIfPresent = (obj, prop, key) => {
-      if (prop && !isEmptyString(prop)) {
-        obj[key] = prop;
-      }
-    };
-
-    // Build search options
-    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.library, 'library');
-    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.subject, 'subject');
-    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.author, 'author');
-    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.license, 'license');
-    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.affiliation, 'affiliation');
-    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.course, 'course');
-    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.publisher, 'publisher');
-    
-    if(req.query.location && !isEmptyString(req.query.location)) {
-      if(req.query.location === "all") {
-        // Set to both locations if "all", otherwise use string passed in query
-        searchOptions.location = {$in: ["central", "campus"]}
-      } else {
-        searchOptions.location = req.query.location;
-      }
-    } else {
-      if (orgID === 'libretexts') {
-        searchOptions.location = 'central'; // default to Central Bookshelves
-      } else {
-        searchOptions.location = 'campus'; // default to Campus Bookshelves
-      }
-    }
-
-    const searchOptionsArr = Object.entries(searchOptions).map(([key, value]) => ({
-      [key]: value,
-    }));
-
-    const buildSearchQueryFromProjectResults = async (matchObj) => {
-      const projResults = await Project.aggregate([
-        {
-          $match: matchObj,
-        }, {
-          $project: projectWithAssociatedBookProjection,
-        },
-      ]);
-
-      if (Array.isArray(projResults) && projResults.length > 0) {
-        const projBookIDs = projResults.map((proj) => `${proj.libreLibrary}-${proj.libreCoverID}`);
-        const idMatchObj = { bookID: { $in: projBookIDs }};
-        let projBookMatch = {};
-        if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0) {
-          projBookMatch = {
-            $and: [
-              ...searchOptionsArr,
-              idMatchObj,
-            ],
-          };
-        } else {
-          projBookMatch = idMatchObj;
-        }
-        
-        searchQueries.push(Book.aggregate([
-          { $match: projBookMatch },
-          { $project: bookProjection },
-        ]));
-      }
-    };
-
-    // Text search
-    if (req.query.search && !isEmptyString(req.query.string)) {
-      textSearchTerm = req.query.search;
-    }
-
-    // Search on/using C-ID Descriptor
-    if (textSearchTerm || (req.query.cidDescriptor && !isEmptyString(req.query.cidDescriptor))) {
-      let searchObj = {};
-      if (req.query.cidDescriptor) { // filter on specific descriptor
-        searchObj = {
-          $expr: {
-            $eq: ['$descriptor', req.query.cidDescriptor],
-          },
-        };
-        cidFilter = true;
-      } else { // general search
-        searchObj = {
-          $or: [
-            { $text: { $search: textSearchTerm } },
-            { descriptor: textSearchTerm },
-          ],
-        };
-      }
-
-      // Search for matching C-ID Descriptors
-      const cidResults = await CIDDescriptor.aggregate([
-        {
-          $match: searchObj,
-        }, {
-          $project: {
-            _id: 0,
-            descriptor: 1,
-          },
-        },
-      ]);
-
-      // Search Projects with matching descriptor(s) that are linked to Books
-      if (Array.isArray(cidResults) && cidResults.length > 0) {
-        const descriptors = cidResults.map((item) => item.descriptor).filter((item) => item !== undefined);
-        const projMatchObj = {
-          $and: [
-            projectWithAssociatedBookQuery,
-            { cidDescriptors: { $in: descriptors } },
-          ],
-        };
-        await buildSearchQueryFromProjectResults(projMatchObj);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Search on tags
-    if (textSearchTerm && !cidFilter) {
-      // Search for similar tags
-      const tagResults = await Tag.aggregate([
-        {
-          $match: {
-            $and: [
-              { $text: { $search: textSearchTerm } },
-              { orgID },
-            ],
-          },
-        }, {
-          $project: {
-            _id: 0,
-            tagID: 1,
-          },
-        },
-      ]);
-
-      // Search for Projects using found Tags that are linked to Books
-      if (Array.isArray(tagResults) && tagResults.length > 0) {
-        const tagIDs = tagResults.map((item) => item.tagID).filter((item) => item !== undefined);
-        const projMatchObj = {
-          $and: [
-            projectWithAssociatedBookQuery,
-            { tags: { $in: tagIDs }},
-          ],
-        };
-        await buildSearchQueryFromProjectResults(projMatchObj);
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (orgID !== 'libretexts' && req.query.location !== "all" && !cidFilter) {
-      const orgData = await Organization.findOne({ orgID }, {
-        _id: 0,
-        orgID: 1,
-        name: 1,
-        shortName: 1,
-        abbreviation: 1,
-        aliases: 1,
-        catalogMatchingTags: 1,
-      }).lean();
-      const customCatalog = await CustomCatalog.findOne({ orgID }, {
-        _id: 0,
-        orgID: 1,
-        resources: 1,
-      }).lean();
-      const hasCustomEntries = (
-        customCatalog
-        && Array.isArray(customCatalog.resources)
-        && customCatalog.resources.length > 0
-      );
-      const hasCatalogMatchingTags = (
-        Array.isArray(orgData.catalogMatchingTags)
-        && orgData.catalogMatchingTags.length > 0
-      );
-
-      const campusNames = buildOrganizationNamesList(orgData);
-      if (searchOptions.course) {
-        campusNames.unshift(searchOptions.course);
-      }
-      if (searchOptions.publisher) {
-        campusNames.unshift(searchOptions.publisher);
-      }
-
-      if (req.query.location === "campus") {
-        institutionOptions.push({ course: { $in: campusNames } });
-        institutionOptions.push({ publisher: { $in: campusNames } });
-      }
-
-      if (hasCustomEntries || hasCatalogMatchingTags) {
-        // remove location filter to allow custom entries
-        const customSearchOptionsArr = searchOptionsArr.filter((obj) => !obj.location);
-
-        let searchAreaObj = {};
-        let customSearchObj = {};
-        const idMatchObj = { bookID: { $in: customCatalog?.resources }};
-        const tagMatchObj = { libraryTags: { $in: orgData.catalogMatchingTags } };
-        if (hasCustomEntries && hasCatalogMatchingTags) {
-          searchAreaObj = { $or: [idMatchObj, tagMatchObj] };
-        } else if (hasCustomEntries) {
-          searchAreaObj = idMatchObj;
-        } else {
-          searchAreaObj = tagMatchObj;
-        }
-        
-        if (customSearchOptionsArr.length > 0 && textSearchTerm) {
-          customSearchObj = {
-            $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
-            $and: [
-              ...customSearchOptionsArr,
-              searchAreaObj,
-            ],
-          };
-        } else if (customSearchOptionsArr.length > 0) {
-          customSearchObj = {
-            $and: [
-              ...customSearchOptionsArr,
-              searchAreaObj,
-            ],
-          };
-        } else if (textSearchTerm) {
-          customSearchObj = {
-            ...searchAreaObj,
-            $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
-          };
-        } else {
-          customSearchObj = searchAreaObj;
-        }
-
-        searchQueries.push(Book.aggregate([
-          { $match: customSearchObj },
-          { $project: bookProjection },
-        ]));
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Build main query
-    let mainSearchObj = {};
-    if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0 && institutionOptions.length > 0 && textSearchTerm) {
-      mainSearchObj = {
-        $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
-        $and: searchOptionsArr,
-        $or: institutionOptions,
-      };
-    } else if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0 && institutionOptions.length > 0) {
-      mainSearchObj = {
-        $and: searchOptionsArr,
-        $or: institutionOptions,
-      };
-    } else if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0 && textSearchTerm) {
-      mainSearchObj = {
-        $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
-        $and: searchOptionsArr,
-      };
-    } else if (institutionOptions.length > 0 && textSearchTerm) {
-      mainSearchObj = {
-        $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
-        $or: institutionOptions,
-      };
-    } else if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0) {
-      mainSearchObj = {
-        $and: searchOptionsArr,
-      };
-    } else if (institutionOptions.length > 0) {
-      mainSearchObj = {
-        $or: institutionOptions,
-      };
-    } else if (textSearchTerm) {
-      mainSearchObj = { $text: { $search: textSearchTerm }};
-    }
-
-    if (!cidFilter) {
-      searchQueries.push(Book.aggregate([
-        { $match: mainSearchObj },
-        { $project: bookProjection },
-      ]));
-    }
-
-    // Execute all searches and combine
-    const allQueryResults = await Promise.all(searchQueries);
-    const allFoundBooks = allQueryResults.reduce((arr, results) => arr.concat(results), []);
-    const totalNumBooks = await Book.estimatedDocumentCount();
-
-    // Ensure no duplicates
-    const resultBookIDs = new Set();
-    const resultBooks = allFoundBooks.filter((book) => {
-      if (!resultBookIDs.has(book.bookID)) {
-        resultBookIDs.add(book.bookID);
-        return true;
-      }
-      return false;
-    });
-
-    return res.send({
-      err: false,
-      numFound: resultBooks.length,
-      numTotal: totalNumBooks,
-      books: sortBooks(resultBooks, sortChoice),
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    debugError(e);
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Returns the master list of Commons Catalog
- * items with limited filtering and sorting.
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER
- *  the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'getMasterCatalog'
- */
-const getMasterCatalog = (req, res) => {
-    var sortedBooks = [];
-    var orgData = {};
-    var sortChoice = 'title'; // default to Sort by Title
-    var matchObj = {};
-    if (req.query.sort && !isEmptyString(req.query.sort)) {
-        sortChoice = req.query.sort;
-    }
-    if (req.query.search && !isEmptyString(req.query.search)) {
-        matchObj['$text'] = {
-            $search: req.query.search
-        }
-    }
-    Book.aggregate([
-        {
-            $match: matchObj
-        }, {
-            $project: {
-                _id: 0,
-                __v: 0,
-                createdAt: 0,
-                updatedAt: 0
-            }
-        }
-    ]).then((books) => {
-        sortedBooks = sortBooks(books, sortChoice);
-        if (process.env.ORG_ID !== 'libretexts') {
-            return Organization.findOne({
-                orgID: process.env.ORG_ID
-            });
-        } else {
-            return {}; // LibreCommons — don't need to lookup Organization
-        }
-    }).then((orgDataRes) => {
-        if (Object.keys(orgDataRes).length > 0) {
-            orgData = orgDataRes;
-        }
-        if (process.env.ORG_ID !== 'libretexts') {
-            return CustomCatalog.findOne({
-                orgID: process.env.ORG_ID
-            }, {
-                _id: 0,
-                orgID: 1,
-                resources: 1
-            });
-        } else {
-            return {}; // LibreCommons — don't need to lookup Custom Catalog
-        }
-    }).then((customCatalogRes) => {
-        // Check if book has been enabled via Custom Catalog
-        if ((customCatalogRes !== null) && (Object.keys(customCatalogRes).length > 0)) {
-            if (customCatalogRes.resources && Array.isArray(customCatalogRes.resources)) {
-                sortedBooks.forEach((book) => {
-                    if (customCatalogRes.resources.includes(book.bookID)) {
-                        book.isCustomEnabled = true;
-                    }
-                });
-            }
-        }
-        // Check if book originated from the Organization
-        if (Object.keys(orgData).length > 0) {
-            var campusNames = buildOrganizationNamesList(orgData);
-            sortedBooks.forEach((book) => {
-                var isCampusBook = campusNames.some((item) => {
-                    if (book.course && !isEmptyString(book.course)) {
-                        return (String(book.course).includes(item) || String(book.course) === item);
-                    } else if (book.program && !isEmptyString(book.program)) {
-                        return (String(book.program).includes(item) || String(book.program) === item);
-                    } else if (book.affiliation && !isEmptyString(book.affiliation)) {
-                        return (String(book.affiliation).includes(item) || String(book.affiliation) === item);
-                    } else {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                });
-                if (isCampusBook) book.isCampusBook = true;
-            });
-        }
-        return res.send({
-            err: false,
-            books: sortedBooks
-        });
-    }).catch((err) => {
-        debugError(err);
-        return res.send({
-            err: true,
-            errMsg: conductorErrors.err6
-        });
-    });
-};
-
-/**
- * Returns the current options for dynamic filters in Commons Catalog(s).
- *
- * @param {express.Request} _req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- */
-async function getCatalogFilterOptions(_req, res) {
-  try {
-    const orgID = process.env.ORG_ID;
-    const uniqueAuthors = new Set();
-    const uniqueSubjects = new Set();
-    const uniqueAffiliations = new Set();
-    const uniqueCourses = new Set();
-    const uniquePrograms = new Set();
-    let matchObj = {};
-    
-    if (orgID !== 'libretexts') {
-      const [orgData, customCatalog] = await Promise.all([
-        Organization.findOne({ orgID} , {
-          _id: 0,
-          orgID: 1,
-          name: 1,
-          shortName: 1,
-          abbreviation: 1,
-          aliases: 1,
-        }).lean(),
-        CustomCatalog.findOne({ orgID }, {
-          _id: 0,
-          orgID: 1,
-          resources: 1,
-        }).lean(),
-      ]);
-      const campusNames = buildOrganizationNamesList(orgData);
-      if (
-        customCatalog
-        && Array.isArray(customCatalog.resources)
-        && customCatalog.resources.length > 0
-      ) {
-        matchObj['$or'] = [
-          { bookID: { $in: customCatalog.resources } },
-          { course: { $in: campusNames } },
-          { program: { $in: campusNames } },
-        ];
-      } else {
-        matchObj['$or'] = [
-          { course: { $in: campusNames } },
-          { program: { $in: campusNames } }, 
-        ];
-      }
-    }
-
-    const [foundBooks, cidResults] = await Promise.all([
-      Book.aggregate([
-        {
-          $match: matchObj,
-        }, {
-          $project: {
-            _id: 0,
-            author: 1,
-            subject: 1,
-            affiliation: 1,
-            course: 1,
-            program: 1,
-          },
-        },
-      ]),
-      CIDDescriptor.aggregate([
-        { 
-          $sort: {
-            descriptor: 1,
-          },
-        }, {
-          $project: {
-            _id: 0,
-            __v: 0,
-            createdAt: 0,
-            updatedAt: 0,
-            title: 0,
-            description: 0,
-            approved: 0,
-            expires: 0,
-          },
-        },
-      ]),
-    ]);
-
-    foundBooks.forEach((book) => {
-      if (book.author && !isEmptyString(book.author)) {
-        uniqueAuthors.add(book.author);
-      }
-      if (book.subject && !isEmptyString(book.subject)) {
-        uniqueSubjects.add(book.subject);
-      }
-      if (book.affiliation && !isEmptyString(book.affiliation)) {
-        uniqueAffiliations.add(book.affiliation);
-      }
-      if (book.course && !isEmptyString(book.course)) {
-        uniqueCourses.add(book.course);
-      }
-      if (book.program && !isEmptyString(book.program)) {
-        uniquePrograms.add(book.program);
-      }
-    });
-
-    const authors = Array.from(uniqueAuthors).sort(normalizedSort);
-    const subjects = Array.from(uniqueSubjects).sort(normalizedSort);
-    const affiliations = Array.from(uniqueAffiliations).sort(normalizedSort);
-    const courses = Array.from(uniqueCourses).sort(normalizedSort);
-    const programs = Array.from(uniquePrograms).sort(normalizedSort);
-    const cids = cidResults.map((item) => item.descriptor).filter((item) => item !== undefined);
-
-    return res.send({
-      authors,
-      subjects,
-      affiliations,
-      courses,
-      programs,
-      cids,
-      err: false,
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Returns a Book object given a book ID.
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'getBookDetail'
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- */
-async function getBookDetail(req, res) {
-  try {
-    const { bookID } = req.params;
-    const bookRes = await Book.aggregate([
-      {
-        $match: { bookID },
-      }, {
-        $addFields: {
-          coverID: {
-            $arrayElemAt: [
-              { $split: ['$bookID', '-'] },
-              1,
-            ],
-          },
-        },
-      }, {
-        $lookup: {
-          from: 'projects',
-          let: {
-            lib: '$library',
-            coverID: '$coverID',
-          },
-          pipeline: [
-            {
-              $match: {
-                $expr: {
-                  $and: [
-                    { $eq: ['$$lib', '$libreLibrary'] },
-                    { $eq: ['$$coverID', '$libreCoverID'] },
-                    { $eq: ['$visibility', 'public'] },
-                  ],
-                },
-              },
-            },
-          ],
-          as: 'project',
-        },
-      }, {
-        $addFields: {
-          project: {
-            $arrayElemAt: ['$project', 0],
-          },
-        },
-      }, {
-        $lookup: {
-          from: 'peerreviews',
-          let: {
-            projectID: '$project.projectID',
-          },
-          pipeline: [
-            {
-              $match: {
-                $expr: {
-                  $eq: ['$projectID', '$$projectID'],
-                },
-              },
-            },
-          ],
-          as: 'peerReviews',
-        },
-      }, {
-        $addFields: {
-          projectID: {
-            $cond: [
-              {
-                $and: [
-                  { $ifNull: ['$project.projectID', false] },
-                  { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: '$project.projectID' }, 0] },
-                ],
-              },
-              '$project.projectID',
-              '$projectID', // undefined
-            ],
-          },
-          hasReaderResources: {
-            $and: [
-              { $ifNull: ['$readerResources', false] },
-              { $gt: [{ $size: '$readerResources' }, 0] },
-            ],
-          },
-          allowAnonPR: {
-            $and: [
-              { $ne: [{ $type: '$project.allowAnonPR' }, 'missing'] },
-              { $ne: ['$project.allowAnonPR', false] },
-            ],
-          },
-          hasPeerReviews: {
-            $and: [
-              { $ifNull: ['$peerReviews', false] },
-              { $gt: [{ $size: '$peerReviews' }, 0] },
-            ],
-          },
-          hasAdaptCourse: {
-            $and: [
-              { $ifNull: ['$project.adaptCourseID', false] },
-              { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: '$project.adaptCourseID' }, 0] },
-            ],
-          },
-          adaptCourseID: {
-            $cond: [
-              {
-                $and: [
-                  { $ifNull: ['$project.adaptCourseID', false] },
-                  { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: '$project.adaptCourseID' }, 0] },
-                ],
-              },
-              '$project.adaptCourseID',
-              '$adaptCourseID', // undefined
-            ],
-          },
-        },
-      }, {
-        $project: {
-          _id: 0,
-          __v: 0,
-          createdAt: 0,
-          updatedAt: 0,
-          materials: 0,
-          project: 0,
-          peerReviews: 0,
-          readerResources: {
-            _id: 0,
-          },
-        },
-      },
-    ]);
-    if (bookRes.length < 1) {
-      return res.status(404).send({
-        err: true,
-        errMsg: conductorErrors.err11,
-      });
-    }
-    return res.send({
-      err: false,
-      book: bookRes[0],
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    debugError(e);
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Checks if a Book has an associated Project, if it allows anonymous Peer Reviews,
- *  and the current Peer Reviews available.
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'getBookPeerReviews'
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- */
-async function getBookPeerReviews(req, res) {
-  try {
-    let allowsAnon = true;
-    const [lib, coverID] = getLibraryAndPageFromBookID(req.params.bookID);
-    if (isEmptyString(lib) || isEmptyString(coverID)) {
-      return res.status(400).send({
-        err: true,
-        errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
-      });
-    }
-
-    const project = await Project.findOne({
-      $and: [
-        { libreLibrary: lib },
-        { libreCoverID: coverID },
-        { visibility: 'public' },
-      ],
-    }).lean();
-    if (!project) {
-      return res.send({
-        err: false,
-        msg: 'No Projects associated with this resource.',
-      });
-    }
-    
-    if (project.allowAnonPR === false) {
-      allowsAnon = false; // true by default
-    }
-    const peerReviews = await PeerReview.aggregate(buildPeerReviewAggregation(project.projectID));
-    return res.send({
-      err: false,
-      projectID: project.projectID,
-      reviews: peerReviews,
-      allowsAnon,
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    debugError(e);
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-};
-
-/**
- * Adds the Book specified by @bookID in the request
- * body to the Custom Catalog for the organization
- * handled by the current server instance.
- * If the Book is already in the Custom Catalog,
- * no change is made (unique entries).
- * If the Custom Catalog record does not already
- * exists, it is created.
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER
- *  the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'addBookToCustomCatalog'
- */
-const addBookToCustomCatalog = (req, res) => {
-    CustomCatalog.updateOne({ orgID: process.env.ORG_ID }, {
-        $setOnInsert: {
-            orgID: process.env.ORG_ID
-        },
-        $addToSet: {
-            resources: req.body.bookID
-        }
-    }, {
-        upsert: true
-    }).then((catalogRes) => {
-        if ((catalogRes.matchedCount === 1) && (catalogRes.modifiedCount === 1)) {
-            return res.send({
-                err: false,
-                msg: "Resource successfully added to Catalog."
-            });
-        } else if (catalogRes.n === 0) {
-            throw (new Error('notfound'));
-        } else {
-            throw (new Error('updatefailed'));
-        }
-    }).catch((err) => {
-        if (err.message === 'notfound') {
-            return res.status(400).send({
-                err: true,
-                errMsg: conductorErrors.err11
-            });
-        } else {
-            debugError(err);
-            return res.status(500).send({
-                err: true,
-                errMsg: conductorErrors.err6
-            });
-        }
-    });
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Removes the Book specified by @bookID in the request
- * body from the Custom Catalog for the organization
- * handled by the current server instance. If the
- * book is not in the Custom Catalog, no change is
- * made. All instances of the @bookID are removed from
- * the Custom Catalog to combat duplicate entries.
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER
- *  the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'removeBookFromCustomCatalog'
- */
-const removeBookFromCustomCatalog = (req, res) => {
-    CustomCatalog.updateOne({ orgID: process.env.ORG_ID }, {
-        $pullAll: {
-            resources: [req.body.bookID]
-        }
-    }).then((catalogRes) => {
-        if ((catalogRes.matchedCount === 1) && (catalogRes.modifiedCount === 1)) {
-            return res.send({
-                err: false,
-                msg: "Resource successfully removed from Catalog."
-            });
-        } else if (catalogRes.n === 0) {
-            throw (new Error('notfound'));
-        } else {
-            throw (new Error('updatefailed'));
-        }
-    }).catch((err) => {
-        if (err.message === 'notfound') {
-            return res.status(400).send({
-                err: true,
-                errMsg: conductorErrors.err11
-            });
-        } else {
-            debugError(err);
-            return res.status(500).send({
-                err: true,
-                errMsg: conductorErrors.err6
-            });
-        }
-    });
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Makes a request to a Book's respective library to retrieve the Book summary. If no summary has
- * been set, an empty string is returned.
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'getBookSummary'
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- */
-async function getBookSummary(req, res) {
-  try {
-    const { bookID } = req.params;
-    const book = await Book.findOne({ bookID }).lean();
-    if (!book) {
-      return res.status(404).send({
-        err: true,
-        errMsg: conductorErrors.err11,
-      });
-    }
-
-    return res.send({
-      err: false,
-      summary: book.summary || '',
-      bookID,
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-};
-
-/**
- * Makes a request to a Book's respective Project to retrieve the public Project Files.
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'getBookFiles'
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- */
-async function getBookFiles(req, res) {
-  try {
-    const [lib, coverID] = getLibraryAndPageFromBookID(req.params.bookID);
-    const fileID = req.params.fileID || '';
-    if (isEmptyString(lib) || isEmptyString(coverID)) {
-      return res.status(400).send({
-        err: true,
-        errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
-      });
-    }
-
-    const project = await Project.findOne({
-      $and: [
-        { libreLibrary: lib },
-        { libreCoverID: coverID },
-        { visibility: 'public' },
-      ],
-    }).lean();
-    if (!project) {
-      return res.send({
-        err: false,
-        msg: 'No Projects associated with this resource.',
-      });
-    }
-
-    const [files, path] = await retrieveProjectFiles(project.projectID, fileID, false, true)
-    return res.send({
-      err: false,
-      files,
-      path
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-};
-
-/**
- * Makes a request to a Book's respective Project to retrieve a signed download URL for a given file
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'getBookFiles'
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- */
-async function downloadBookFile(req, res) {
-  try {
-    const [lib, coverID] = getLibraryAndPageFromBookID(req.params.bookID);
-    const fileID = req.params.fileID
-    if (isEmptyString(lib) || isEmptyString(coverID)) {
-      return res.status(400).send({
-        err: true,
-        errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
-      });
-    }
-
-    const project = await Project.findOne({
-      $and: [
-        { libreLibrary: lib },
-        { libreCoverID: coverID },
-        { visibility: 'public' },
-      ],
-    }).lean();
-    if (!project) {
-      return res.send({
-        err: false,
-        msg: 'No Projects associated with this resource.',
-      });
-    }
-
-    const downloadURL = await downloadProjectFile(project.projectID, fileID, false, true, req);
-    if (downloadURL === null) {
-      return res.status(404).send({
-        err: true,
-        errMsg: conductorErrors.err63,
-      });
-    } else if (downloadURL === false) {
-      return res.status(401).send({
-        err: true,
-        errMsg: conductorErrors.err8,
-      });
-    }
-
-    return res.send({
-      err: false,
-      msg: 'Successfully generated download link!',
-      url: downloadURL,
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-};
-
-/**
- * Retrieves a Book's Table of Contents via an internal call to the LibreTexts API.
- * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
- * VALIDATION: 'getBookTOC'
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- */
-async function getBookTOC(req, res) {
-  try {
-    const toc = await getBookTOCFromAPI(req.params.bookID);
-    return res.send({
-      err: false,
-      toc,
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    debugError(e);
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-};
-
-/**
- * Retrieves a Book's Content Licensing Report from the LibreTexts API
- * Server and returns the data, if it exists.
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- */
-async function getLicenseReport(req, res) {
-  const notFoundResponse = {
-    err: false,
-    found: false,
-    msg: "Couldn't find a Content Licensing Report for that resource.",
-  };
-  try {
-    const { bookID } = req.params;
-    let notFound = false;
-    const licRep = await axios.get(
-      `https://api.libretexts.org/licensereports/${bookID}.json`,
-    ).catch((err) => {
-      if (err.response?.status === 404) {
-        notFound = true;
-      } else {
-        throw (err);
-      }
-    })
-    if (notFound || !licRep.data?.id) {
-      return res.send(notFoundResponse);
-    }
-
-    return res.send({
-      err: false,
-      found: true,
-      msg: `Found Content Licensing Report for ${bookID}.`,
-      data: licRep.data,
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    debugError(e);
-    return res.status(500).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
-    });
-  }
-};
-
-/**
- * Generates a JSON file containing Commons Books listings for use by 3rd parties.
- * @returns {boolean} True if export creation succeeded, false otherwise.
- */
-const generateKBExport = () => {
-    let kbExport = {
-        date: new Date().toISOString(),
-        titles: []
-    };
-    return new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
-        resolve(Book.aggregate([
-            {
-                $project: {
-                    _id: 0,
-                    bookID: 1,
-                    title: 1,
-                    author: 1,
-                    library: 1,
-                    license: 1,
-                    summary: 1,
-                    thumbnail: 1,
-                    lastUpdated: 1
-                }
-            }
-        ]));
-    }).then((commonsBooks) => {
-        if (Array.isArray(commonsBooks)) {
-            kbExport.expected = commonsBooks.length;
-            commonsBooks.forEach((item) => {
-                let bookOut = {
-                    publication_title: String(item.title).trim().replace(/\\n/ig, ' ').replace('Book: ', ''),
-                    title_id: item.bookID,
-                    title_url: genPermalink(item.bookID),
-                    coverage_depth: 'fulltext',
-                    access_type: 'F',
-                    publisher_name: 'LibreTexts'
-                };
-                if (typeof (item.thumbnail) === 'string' && !isEmptyString(item.thumbnail)) {
-                    bookOut.thumbnail_url = item.thumbnail;
-                }
-                if (typeof (item.license) === 'string' && !isEmptyString(item.license)) {
-                    bookOut.license = item.license;
-                }
-                if (typeof (item.lastUpdated) === 'string') {
-                    const lastUpdateDate = new Date(item.lastUpdated);
-                    if (isValidDateObject(lastUpdateDate)) {
-                        bookOut.date_last_updated = item.lastUpdated;
-                    }
-                }
-                if (typeof (item.summary) === 'string' && !isEmptyString(item.summary)) {
-                    bookOut.description = item.summary;
-                }
-                if (item.library === 'espanol') {
-                    bookOut.language = 'spanish';
-                } else {
-                    bookOut.language = 'english';
-                }
-                if (typeof (item.author) === 'string' && !isEmptyString(item.author)) {
-                    let itemAuthors = [];
-                    let textmapMatch = item.author.match(/textmap/ig);
-                    if (textmapMatch === null) { // not a textmap, try to parse authors
-                        let authorsString = item.author.replace(/(&|\band\b)/ig, ',');
-                        let authors = authorsString.split(/,/ig);
-                        if (authors.length > 0) {
-                            authors.forEach((author) => {
-                                let authorProcess = author.trim();
-                                if (authorProcess.toLowerCase() !== 'no attribution by request' && authorProcess.length > 0) {
-                                    itemAuthors.push(authorProcess);
-                                }
-                            });
-                        }
-                    } else { // textmap, mark author as LibreTexts
-                        itemAuthors.push('LibreTexts');
-                    }
-                    if (itemAuthors.length > 0) bookOut.authors = itemAuthors;
-                }
-                kbExport.titles.push(bookOut);
-            });
-            return fs.ensureDir('./public');
-        } else throw (new Error('notarray'));
-    })
-    .then(() => fs.writeJson('./public/kbexport.json', kbExport))
-    .then(() => true)
-    .catch((err) => {
-        debugError(err);
-        return false;
-    });
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Attempts to retrieve the Knowledge Base export file(s) if available or generate them
- * immediately if not found.
- * @param {Object} req - The Express.js request object.
- * @param {Object} res - The Express.js response object.
- */
-const retrieveKBExport = (_req, res) => {
-    fs.pathExists('./public/kbexport.json').then((exists) => {
-        if (exists === true) return true;
-        return generateKBExport(); // generate on-the-fly
-    }).then((generated) => {
-        if (generated === true) {
-            return res.status(200).sendFile('./public/kbexport.json', { root: '.' });
-        }
-        throw (new Error('kbexport-notfound'));
-    }).catch((err) => {
-        debugError(err);
-        return res.status(500).send({
-            err: true,
-            msg: conductorErrors.err45
-        });
-    });
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Sets up the validation chain(s) for methods in this file.
- */
-const validate = (method) => {
-  switch (method) {
-    case 'getCommonsCatalog':
-      return [
-        query('sort', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().custom(isValidSort),
-        query('library', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().custom(isValidLibrary),
-        query('subject', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().isLength({ min: 1 }),
-        query('author', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().isLength({ min: 1 }),
-        query('license', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().custom(isValidLicense),
-        query('affiliation', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().isLength({ min: 1 }),
-        query('course', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().isLength({ min: 1 }),
-        query('publisher', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().isLength({ min: 1 }),
-        query('search', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().isLength({ min: 1 }),
-        query('cidDescriptor', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().isLength({ min: 1 }),
-        query('location', conductorErrors.err1).optional({checkFalsy: true}).isString().isIn(["central", "campus", "all"])
-      ]
-    case 'getMasterCatalog':
-      return [
-        query('sort', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().custom(isValidSort),
-        query('search', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isString().isLength({ min: 1 })
-      ]
-    case 'getBookDetail':
-    case 'getBookPeerReviews':
-    case 'getBookSummary':
-    case 'getBookTOC':
-    case 'getLicenseReport':
-      return [
-        param('bookID', conductorErrors.err1).exists().custom(checkBookIDFormat),
-      ]
-    case 'addBookToCustomCatalog':
-    case 'removeBookFromCustomCatalog':
-      return [
-        query('bookID', conductorErrors.err1).exists().custom(checkBookIDFormat)
-      ]
-    case 'getBookFiles':
-      return [
-        param('bookID', conductorErrors.err1).exists().custom(checkBookIDFormat),
-        param('fileID', conductorErrors.err1).optional({ checkFalsy: true }).isUUID()
-      ]
-    case 'downloadBookFile':
-      return [
-        param('bookID', conductorErrors.err1).exists().custom(checkBookIDFormat),
-        param('fileID', conductorErrors.err1).exists().isUUID()
-      ]
-  }
-};
-
-export default {
-    syncWithLibraries,
-    runAutomatedSyncWithLibraries,
-    getCommonsCatalog,
-    getMasterCatalog,
-    getBookDetail,
-    getBookPeerReviews,
-    getCatalogFilterOptions,
-    addBookToCustomCatalog,
-    removeBookFromCustomCatalog,
-    getBookFiles,
-    downloadBookFile,
-    getBookSummary,
-    getBookTOC,
-    getLicenseReport,
-    retrieveKBExport,
-    validate
-}
diff --git a/server/api/books.ts b/server/api/books.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0f735b21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/api/books.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,2138 @@
+//@ts-nocheck
+import Promise from "bluebird";
+import { Request, Response } from "express";
+import fs from "fs-extra";
+import { debugError, debugCommonsSync, debugServer } from "../debug.js";
+import Book, { BookInterface } from "../models/book.js";
+import Collection from "../models/collection.js";
+import Organization, { OrganizationInterface } from "../models/organization.js";
+import CustomCatalog from "../models/customcatalog.js";
+import Project from "../models/project.js";
+import PeerReview from "../models/peerreview.js";
+import Tag from "../models/tag.js";
+import CIDDescriptor from "../models/ciddescriptor.js";
+import conductorErrors from "../conductor-errors.js";
+import { isEmptyString, isValidDateObject } from "../util/helpers.js";
+import {
+  checkBookIDFormat,
+  extractLibFromID,
+  getLibraryAndPageFromBookID,
+  isValidLibrary,
+  genThumbnailLink,
+  genPDFLink,
+  genBookstoreLink,
+  genZIPLink,
+  genPubFilesLink,
+  genLMSFileLink,
+  genPermalink,
+  getBookTOCFromAPI,
+} from "../util/bookutils.js";
+import {
+  retrieveProjectFiles,
+  downloadProjectFile,
+} from "../util/projectutils.js";
+import { buildPeerReviewAggregation } from "../util/peerreviewutils.js";
+import {
+  libraryNameKeys,
+  unsupportedSyncLibraryNameKeys,
+} from "../util/librariesmap.js";
+import projectsAPI from "./projects.js";
+import alertsAPI from "./alerts.js";
+import axios from "axios";
+import { BookSortOption } from "../types/Book.js";
+import { isBookSortOption } from "../util/typeHelpers.js";
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+/**
+ * Accepts a library shortname and returns the LibreTexts API URL for the current
+ * Bookshelves listings in that library.
+ * @param {String} lib - the standard shortened library identifier
+ * @returns {String} the URL of the library's Bookshelves listings
+ */
+const generateBookshelvesURL = (lib: string) => {
+  if (lib !== "espanol") {
+    return `https://api.libretexts.org/DownloadsCenter/${lib}/Bookshelves.json`;
+  } else {
+    return `https://api.libretexts.org/DownloadsCenter/${lib}/home.json`;
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Accepts a library shortname and returns the LibreTexts API URL for the current
+ * Courses listings in that library.
+ * @param {String} lib - the standard shortened library identifier
+ * @returns {String} the URL of the library's Courses listings
+ */
+const generateCoursesURL = (lib: string) => {
+  return `https://api.libretexts.org/DownloadsCenter/${lib}/Courses.json`;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Sorts two strings after normalizing them to contain only letters.
+ * @param {String} a
+ * @param {String} b
+ * @returns {Number} the sort order of the two strings
+ */
+const normalizedSort = (a: string, b: string) => {
+  var normalizedA = String(a)
+    .toLowerCase()
+    .replace(/[^a-zA-Z]/gm, "");
+  var normalizedB = String(b)
+    .toLowerCase()
+    .replace(/[^a-zA-Z]/gm, "");
+  if (normalizedA < normalizedB) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+  if (normalizedA > normalizedB) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Accepts an array of Books and the sorting choice and returns the sorted array.
+ *
+ * @param {object[]} books - The array of Book objects to sort
+ * @param {string} [sortChoice] - The sort choice, either 'random', 'author', or 'title' (default).
+ * @returns {object[]} The sorted array of Books.
+ */
+function sortBooks(books: BookInterface[], sortChoice: BookSortOption) {
+  if (Array.isArray(books) && sortChoice) {
+    if (sortChoice === "random") {
+      let shuffleArr = [...books];
+      for (let i = shuffleArr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
+        const j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
+        [shuffleArr[i], shuffleArr[j]] = [shuffleArr[j], shuffleArr[i]];
+      }
+      return shuffleArr;
+    }
+
+    const collator = new Intl.Collator("en-US", {
+      numeric: true,
+      sensitivity: "base",
+      ignorePunctuation: true,
+    });
+    return books.sort((a, b) => {
+      let aKey = "";
+      let bKey = "";
+      if (sortChoice === "author") {
+        aKey = a.author || "";
+        bKey = b.author || "";
+      } else {
+        // default Sort by Title
+        aKey = a.title;
+        bKey = b.title;
+      }
+      return collator.compare(aKey, bKey);
+    });
+  }
+  return books;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks that a new book object has the required fields to be imported.
+ * @param {Object} book - The information about the book to be imported.
+ * @returns {Boolean} True if ready for import, false otherwise (logged).
+ */
+const checkValidImport = (book: BookInterface) => {
+  var isValidImport = true;
+  var validationFails = [];
+  var expectedLib = extractLibFromID(book.zipFilename);
+  if (
+    book.zipFilename === undefined ||
+    book.zipFilename === null ||
+    isEmptyString(book.zipFilename)
+  ) {
+    isValidImport = false;
+    validationFails.push("bookID");
+  }
+  if (
+    book.title === undefined ||
+    book.title === null ||
+    isEmptyString(book.title)
+  ) {
+    isValidImport = false;
+    validationFails.push("title");
+  }
+  if (isEmptyString(expectedLib)) {
+    isValidImport = false;
+    validationFails.push("library");
+  }
+  if (book.id === undefined || book.id === null || isEmptyString(book.id)) {
+    isValidImport = false;
+    validationFails.push("coverPageID");
+  }
+  if (!isValidImport && validationFails.length > 0) {
+    var debugString =
+      "Not importing 1 book — missing fields: " + validationFails.join(",");
+    debugCommonsSync(debugString);
+  }
+  return isValidImport;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Updates system-managed Collections for specified OER programs.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<number|boolean>} The number of collections updated, or
+ *  false if error encountered.
+ */
+const autoGenerateCollections = () => {
+  const bookQueries = [];
+  const collOps = [];
+  let collections = [];
+  return Collection.find({ autoManage: true })
+    .lean()
+    .then((autoColls) => {
+      collections = autoColls;
+      /* Find books for auto-managed program collections */
+      for (let i = 0, n = autoColls.length; i < n; i += 1) {
+        const currColl = autoColls[i];
+        if (
+          typeof currColl.program === "string" &&
+          currColl.program.length > 0
+        ) {
+          bookQueries.push(
+            Book.aggregate([
+              {
+                $match: {
+                  program: currColl.program,
+                  location: {
+                    $in: currColl.locations,
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+              {
+                $project: {
+                  _id: 0,
+                  bookID: 1,
+                  location: 1,
+                  program: 1,
+                },
+              },
+            ])
+          );
+        }
+      }
+      return Promise.all(bookQueries);
+    })
+    .then((bookQueryRes) => {
+      /* Sort books into their auto-managed collection */
+      let allBooksFound = [];
+      for (let i = 0, n = bookQueryRes.length; i < n; i += 1) {
+        allBooksFound = [...allBooksFound, ...bookQueryRes[i]];
+      }
+      for (let i = 0, n = allBooksFound.length; i < n; i += 1) {
+        const currBook = allBooksFound[i];
+        const collIdx = collections.findIndex(
+          (coll) => coll.program === currBook.program
+        );
+        if (collIdx > -1) {
+          const resourcesById =
+            collections[collIdx].resources
+              ?.map((item) => {
+                if (item.resourceType === "resource") {
+                  return item.resourceID;
+                }
+                return null;
+              })
+              .filter((i) => !!i) || [];
+          if (!Array.isArray(collections[collIdx].newListings)) {
+            collections[collIdx].newListings = [];
+          }
+          if (!resourcesById.includes(currBook.bookID)) {
+            collections[collIdx].newListings.push({
+              resourceType: "resource",
+              resourceID: currBook.bookID,
+            });
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      /* Assembles updates for collections (if necessary) */
+      for (let i = 0, n = collections.length; i < n; i += 1) {
+        const currColl = collections[i];
+        if (
+          Array.isArray(currColl.newListings) &&
+          currColl.newListings.length > 0
+        ) {
+          collOps.push({
+            updateOne: {
+              filter: {
+                collID: currColl.collID,
+              },
+              update: {
+                $addToSet: {
+                  resources: {
+                    $each: currColl.newListings,
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          });
+        }
+      }
+      if (collOps.length < 1) {
+        return {};
+      }
+      return Collection.bulkWrite(collOps, { ordered: false });
+    })
+    .then((updateRes) => {
+      if (typeof updateRes.nModified === "number") {
+        return updateRes.nModified;
+      }
+      return 0;
+    })
+    .catch((err) => {
+      console.error(err);
+      return false;
+    });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Retrieve prepared books from the LibreTexts API and process &
+ * import them to the Conductor database for use in Commons.
+ * @param {Object} req - The Express.js request object.
+ * @param {Object} res - The Express.js response object.
+ */
+const syncWithLibraries = (_req: Request, res: Response) => {
+  let importCount = 0; // final count of imported books
+  let didGenExports = false; // If KB Export files were generated
+  let shelvesRequests = []; // requests from Bookshelves
+  let coursesRequests = []; // requests from Campus Bookshelves
+  let allRequests = []; // all requests to be made
+  let allBooks: BookInterface[] = []; // all books returned from LT API
+  let processedBooks: BookInterface[] = []; // all books processed for DB save
+  let bookOps = []; // update/insert operations to perform with Mongoose
+  let existingBooks = []; // existing books in the DB
+  let existingProjects = []; // existing projects (tied to books) in the DB
+  let bookIDs: string[] = []; // all (unique) bookIDs returned from LT API
+  let projectsToCreate = []; // projects to be created to track books from LT API
+  let newBookDBIds = []; // upserted MongoDb id's
+  let generatedProjects = false; // did create new projects
+  let updatedCollections = false; // did update auto-managed Collections
+  // Build list(s) of HTTP requests to be performed
+  const libsToSync = libraryNameKeys.filter(
+    (key) => !unsupportedSyncLibraryNameKeys.includes(key)
+  );
+  libsToSync.forEach((lib) => {
+    shelvesRequests.push(axios.get(generateBookshelvesURL(lib)));
+    coursesRequests.push(axios.get(generateCoursesURL(lib)));
+  });
+  allRequests = shelvesRequests.concat(coursesRequests);
+  // Execute requests
+  Promise.all(allRequests)
+    .then((booksRes) => {
+      // Extract books from responses
+      booksRes.forEach((axiosRes) => {
+        allBooks = allBooks.concat(axiosRes.data.items);
+      });
+      // Process books and prepare for DB save
+      allBooks.forEach((book) => {
+        // check if book is valid & unique, otherwise ignore
+        if (checkValidImport(book) && !bookIDs.includes(book.zipFilename)) {
+          let link = "";
+          let author = "";
+          let affiliation = "";
+          let license = "";
+          let summary = "";
+          let subject = "";
+          let course = "";
+          let location = "";
+          let program = "";
+          let lastUpdated = "";
+          let libraryTags = [];
+          if (Array.isArray(book.tags)) {
+            if (book.tags.includes("coverpage:nocommons")) {
+              return; // don't continue processing this entry
+            }
+            book.tags.forEach((tag) => {
+              if (tag.includes("license:")) {
+                license = tag.replace("license:", "");
+              }
+              if (tag.includes("program:")) {
+                program = tag.replace("program:", "");
+              }
+            });
+            libraryTags = book.tags;
+          }
+          if (book.link) {
+            link = book.link;
+            if (String(book.link).includes("/Bookshelves/")) {
+              location = "central";
+              let baseURL = `https://${extractLibFromID(
+                book.zipFilename
+              )}.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/`;
+              let isolated = String(book.link).replace(baseURL, "");
+              let splitURL = isolated.split("/");
+              if (splitURL.length > 0) {
+                let shelfRaw = splitURL[0];
+                subject = shelfRaw.replace(/_/g, " ");
+              }
+            }
+            if (String(book.link).includes("/Courses/")) {
+              location = "campus";
+              let baseURL = `https://${extractLibFromID(
+                book.zipFilename
+              )}.libretexts.org/Courses/`;
+              let isolated = String(book.link).replace(baseURL, "");
+              let splitURL = isolated.split("/");
+              if (splitURL.length > 0) {
+                let courseRaw = splitURL[0];
+                course = courseRaw.replace(/_/g, " ");
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          if (book.author) author = book.author;
+          if (typeof book.summary === "string") summary = book.summary;
+          if (book.institution) affiliation = book.institution; // Affiliation is referred to as "Institution" in LT API
+          if (typeof book.lastModified === "string")
+            lastUpdated = book.lastModified;
+
+          bookIDs.push(book.zipFilename); // duplicate mitigation
+          processedBooks.push({
+            author,
+            affiliation,
+            subject, // TODO: Improve algorithm
+            location,
+            course, // TODO: Improve algorithm
+            program,
+            license,
+            summary,
+            bookID: book.zipFilename,
+            title: book.title,
+            library: extractLibFromID(book.zipFilename),
+            thumbnail: genThumbnailLink(
+              extractLibFromID(book.zipFilename),
+              book.id
+            ),
+            links: {
+              online: link,
+              pdf: genPDFLink(book.zipFilename),
+              buy: genBookstoreLink(book.zipFilename),
+              zip: genZIPLink(book.zipFilename),
+              files: genPubFilesLink(book.zipFilename),
+              lms: genLMSFileLink(book.zipFilename),
+            },
+            lastUpdated,
+            libraryTags,
+          });
+        }
+      });
+      let booksQuery = Book.aggregate([
+        {
+          $project: {
+            _id: 0,
+            bookID: 1,
+          },
+        },
+      ]);
+      let projsQuery = Project.aggregate([
+        {
+          $match: {
+            $and: [
+              { projectURL: { $ne: null } },
+              { libreLibrary: { $ne: null } },
+              { libreCoverID: { $ne: null } },
+            ],
+          },
+        },
+        {
+          $project: {
+            _id: 0,
+            projectID: 1,
+            projectURL: 1,
+            libreLibrary: 1,
+            libreCoverID: 1,
+          },
+        },
+      ]);
+      return Promise.all([booksQuery, projsQuery]);
+    })
+    .then((queryResults) => {
+      if (queryResults.length === 2) {
+        if (Array.isArray(queryResults[0])) {
+          existingBooks = queryResults[0]
+            .map((existBook) => {
+              if (typeof existBook.bookID === "string") return existBook.bookID;
+              return null;
+            })
+            .filter((item) => item !== null);
+        }
+        if (Array.isArray(queryResults[1])) existingProjects = queryResults[1];
+      }
+      processedBooks.forEach((book) => {
+        /* check if project needs to be created */
+        let [bookLib, bookCoverID] = getLibraryAndPageFromBookID(book.bookID);
+        if (typeof bookLib === "string" && typeof bookCoverID === "string") {
+          let foundProject = existingProjects.find((project) => {
+            if (
+              project.libreLibrary === bookLib &&
+              project.libreCoverID === bookCoverID
+            ) {
+              return project;
+            }
+            return null;
+          });
+          if (foundProject === undefined) {
+            projectsToCreate.push({
+              title: book.title,
+              library: bookLib,
+              coverID: bookCoverID,
+              url: book.links?.online,
+              author: book.author,
+            });
+          }
+        }
+        /* insert or update books */
+        bookOps.push({
+          updateOne: {
+            filter: {
+              bookID: book.bookID,
+            },
+            update: {
+              $setOnInsert: {
+                bookID: book.bookID,
+              },
+              $set: {
+                title: book.title,
+                author: book.author,
+                affiliation: book.affiliation,
+                library: book.library,
+                subject: book.subject,
+                location: book.location,
+                course: book.course,
+                program: book.program,
+                license: book.license,
+                thumbnail: book.thumbnail,
+                summary: book.summary,
+                links: book.links,
+                lastUpdated: book.lastUpdated,
+                libraryTags: book.libraryTags,
+              },
+            },
+            upsert: true,
+          },
+        });
+      });
+      existingBooks.forEach((book) => {
+        /* check if book needs to be deleted */
+        let foundProcessed = processedBooks.find(
+          (processed) => book === processed.bookID
+        );
+        if (foundProcessed === undefined) {
+          // book not found in new batch, needs to be deleted
+          bookOps.push({
+            deleteOne: {
+              filter: {
+                bookID: book,
+              },
+            },
+          });
+        }
+      });
+      return Book.bulkWrite(bookOps, {
+        ordered: false,
+      });
+    })
+    .catch((writeErr) => {
+      debugError(writeErr);
+      /* Catch intermediate errors with bulkWrite, try to recover */
+      if (writeErr.result?.nMatched > 0) {
+        // Some imports failed (silent)
+        debugCommonsSync(
+          `Updated only ${writeErr.result.nMatched} books when ${allBooks.length} books were expected.`
+        );
+        return null; // Continue to auto-generate Program Collections
+      } else {
+        // All imports failed
+        throw new Error("bulkwrite");
+      }
+    })
+    .then((writeRes) => {
+      if (typeof writeRes.result?.nMatched === "number") {
+        importCount = writeRes.result.nMatched;
+      }
+      if (typeof writeRes.upsertedIds === "object") {
+        Object.keys(writeRes.upsertedIds).forEach((key) => {
+          newBookDBIds.push(writeRes.upsertedIds[key]);
+        });
+      }
+      // All imports succeeded, continue to update auto-managed Collections
+      return autoGenerateCollections();
+    })
+    .then((autoCollsRes) => {
+      updatedCollections = autoCollsRes;
+      // Program Collections updated, continue to generate KB Export files
+      return generateKBExport();
+    })
+    .then((generated) => {
+      if (generated === true) {
+        didGenExports = true;
+      }
+      if (projectsToCreate.length > 0) {
+        // Continue to autogenerate new Projects
+        return projectsAPI.autoGenerateProjects(projectsToCreate);
+      }
+      debugCommonsSync("No new projects to create.");
+      return 0;
+    })
+    .then((projectsGen) => {
+      generatedProjects = projectsGen;
+      if (newBookDBIds.length > 0) {
+        return alertsAPI.processInstantBookAlerts(newBookDBIds);
+      }
+      return true;
+    })
+    .then(() => {
+      // ignore return value of processing Alerts
+      let msg = `Imported ${importCount} books from the Libraries.`;
+      if (typeof updatedCollections == "number") {
+        msg += ` ${updatedCollections} system-managed Collections updated.`;
+      } else if (
+        typeof updatedCollections === "boolean" &&
+        !updatedCollections
+      ) {
+        msg += ` FAILED to update system-managed collections. Check server logs.`;
+      }
+      if (didGenExports) {
+        msg += ` Successfully generated export files for 3rd-party content services.`;
+      } else {
+        msg += ` FAILED to generate export files for 3rd-party content services. Check server logs.`;
+      }
+      if (typeof generatedProjects === "number") {
+        msg += ` ${generatedProjects} new Projects were autogenerated.`;
+      } else if (typeof generatedProjects === "boolean" && !generatedProjects) {
+        msg += ` FAILED to autogenerate new Projects. Check server logs.`;
+      }
+      debugCommonsSync(msg);
+      return res.send({
+        err: false,
+        msg: msg,
+      });
+    })
+    .catch((err) => {
+      debugError(err);
+      if (err.message === "bulkwrite") {
+        // all imports failed
+        return res.send({
+          err: true,
+          msg: conductorErrors.err13,
+        });
+      } else if (err.code === "ENOTFOUND") {
+        // issues connecting to LT API
+        return res.send({
+          err: true,
+          errMsg: conductorErrors.err16,
+        });
+      } else {
+        // other errors
+        debugError(err);
+        return res.send({
+          err: true,
+          errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+        });
+      }
+    });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Runs the Sync with Libraries job via on trigger from an automated requester (e.g. schedule service).
+ * @param {object} req - The Express.js request object.
+ * @param {object} res - The Express.js response object.
+ */
+const runAutomatedSyncWithLibraries = (req: Request, res: Response) => {
+  debugServer(
+    `Received automated request to sync Commons with Libraries ${new Date().toLocaleString()}`
+  );
+  return syncWithLibraries(req, res);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Accepts a standard Organization-model object and generates an array of strings of all
+ * known variations of the Organization's name, including full, short, abbreviation, and
+ * possible aliases.
+ * INTERNAL USE ONLY.
+ * @param {Object} orgData - An Organization information object.
+ * @returns {String[]} An array of known Organization names.
+ */
+const buildOrganizationNamesList = (orgData: OrganizationInterface) => {
+  if (orgData) {
+    let campusNames: string[] = []; // stores all variations of the organization name
+    let normNames: string[] = []; // temporarily stores the normalized variations
+    if (orgData.name && !isEmptyString(orgData.name)) {
+      if (!campusNames.includes(orgData.name)) {
+        campusNames.push(orgData.name);
+      }
+    }
+    if (orgData.shortName && !isEmptyString(orgData.shortName)) {
+      if (!campusNames.includes(orgData.shortName)) {
+        campusNames.push(orgData.shortName);
+      }
+    }
+    if (orgData.abbreviation && !isEmptyString(orgData.abbreviation)) {
+      if (!campusNames.includes(orgData.abbreviation)) {
+        campusNames.push(orgData.abbreviation);
+      }
+    }
+    if (
+      orgData.aliases &&
+      Array.isArray(orgData.aliases) &&
+      orgData.aliases.length > 0
+    ) {
+      campusNames = campusNames.concat(orgData.aliases);
+    }
+    // Normalize the names to remove common punctuation, then add to campusNames list
+    campusNames.forEach((name) => {
+      let normed = String(name)
+        .replace(/,/g, "")
+        .replace(/-/g, "")
+        .replace(/:/g, "")
+        .replace(/'/g, "");
+      if (!normNames.includes(normed) && !campusNames.includes(normed)) {
+        normNames.push(normed);
+      }
+      let lowerNormed = String(normed).toLowerCase();
+      if (
+        !normNames.includes(lowerNormed) &&
+        !campusNames.includes(lowerNormed)
+      ) {
+        normNames.push(lowerNormed);
+      }
+    });
+    if (normNames.length > 0) {
+      campusNames = campusNames.concat(normNames);
+    }
+    return campusNames;
+  } else {
+    return [];
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Returns the Commons Catalog results according to request filters, search parameters,
+ * and sort options.
+ *
+ * @param {z.infer<typeof getCommonsCatalogSchema>} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing resposne object.
+ */
+async function getCommonsCatalog(
+  req: z.infer<typeof getCommonsCatalogSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) {
+  try {
+    const orgID = process.env.ORG_ID;
+    let textSearchTerm = null;
+    let cidFilter = false;
+
+    const searchOptions = {};
+    const institutionOptions = [];
+
+    const searchQueries = [];
+    const bookProjection = {
+      _id: 0,
+      __v: 0,
+      createdAt: 0,
+      updatedAt: 0,
+    };
+    const projectWithAssociatedBookQuery = {
+      $expr: {
+        $and: [
+          { $eq: ["$orgID", orgID] },
+          { $ne: [{ $type: "$libreLibrary" }, "missing"] },
+          { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: "$libreLibrary" }, 0] },
+          { $ne: [{ $type: "$libreCoverID" }, "missing"] },
+          { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: "$libreCoverID" }, 0] },
+        ],
+      },
+    };
+    const projectWithAssociatedBookProjection = {
+      _id: 0,
+      libreLibrary: 1,
+      libreCoverID: 1,
+    };
+
+    let sortChoice = "title"; // default to title sort
+    if (req.query.sort && !isEmptyString(req.query.sort)) {
+      sortChoice = req.query.sort;
+    }
+
+    const setStringIfPresent = (obj, prop, key) => {
+      if (prop && !isEmptyString(prop)) {
+        obj[key] = prop;
+      }
+    };
+
+    // Build search options
+    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.library, "library");
+    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.subject, "subject");
+    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.author, "author");
+    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.license, "license");
+    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.affiliation, "affiliation");
+    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.course, "course");
+    setStringIfPresent(searchOptions, req.query.publisher, "publisher");
+
+    if (req.query.location && !isEmptyString(req.query.location)) {
+      if (req.query.location === "all") {
+        // Set to both locations if "all", otherwise use string passed in query
+        searchOptions.location = { $in: ["central", "campus"] };
+      } else {
+        searchOptions.location = req.query.location;
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (orgID === "libretexts") {
+        searchOptions.location = "central"; // default to Central Bookshelves
+      } else {
+        searchOptions.location = "campus"; // default to Campus Bookshelves
+      }
+    }
+
+    const searchOptionsArr = Object.entries(searchOptions).map(
+      ([key, value]) => ({
+        [key]: value,
+      })
+    );
+
+    const buildSearchQueryFromProjectResults = async (matchObj) => {
+      const projResults = await Project.aggregate([
+        {
+          $match: matchObj,
+        },
+        {
+          $project: projectWithAssociatedBookProjection,
+        },
+      ]);
+
+      if (Array.isArray(projResults) && projResults.length > 0) {
+        const projBookIDs = projResults.map(
+          (proj) => `${proj.libreLibrary}-${proj.libreCoverID}`
+        );
+        const idMatchObj = { bookID: { $in: projBookIDs } };
+        let projBookMatch = {};
+        if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0) {
+          projBookMatch = {
+            $and: [...searchOptionsArr, idMatchObj],
+          };
+        } else {
+          projBookMatch = idMatchObj;
+        }
+
+        searchQueries.push(
+          Book.aggregate([
+            { $match: projBookMatch },
+            { $project: bookProjection },
+          ])
+        );
+      }
+    };
+
+    // Text search
+    if (req.query.search && !isEmptyString(req.query.string)) {
+      textSearchTerm = req.query.search;
+    }
+
+    // Search on/using C-ID Descriptor
+    if (
+      textSearchTerm ||
+      (req.query.cidDescriptor && !isEmptyString(req.query.cidDescriptor))
+    ) {
+      let searchObj = {};
+      if (req.query.cidDescriptor) {
+        // filter on specific descriptor
+        searchObj = {
+          $expr: {
+            $eq: ["$descriptor", req.query.cidDescriptor],
+          },
+        };
+        cidFilter = true;
+      } else {
+        // general search
+        searchObj = {
+          $or: [
+            { $text: { $search: textSearchTerm } },
+            { descriptor: textSearchTerm },
+          ],
+        };
+      }
+
+      // Search for matching C-ID Descriptors
+      const cidResults = await CIDDescriptor.aggregate([
+        {
+          $match: searchObj,
+        },
+        {
+          $project: {
+            _id: 0,
+            descriptor: 1,
+          },
+        },
+      ]);
+
+      // Search Projects with matching descriptor(s) that are linked to Books
+      if (Array.isArray(cidResults) && cidResults.length > 0) {
+        const descriptors = cidResults
+          .map((item) => item.descriptor)
+          .filter((item) => item !== undefined);
+        const projMatchObj = {
+          $and: [
+            projectWithAssociatedBookQuery,
+            { cidDescriptors: { $in: descriptors } },
+          ],
+        };
+        await buildSearchQueryFromProjectResults(projMatchObj);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Search on tags
+    if (textSearchTerm && !cidFilter) {
+      // Search for similar tags
+      const tagResults = await Tag.aggregate([
+        {
+          $match: {
+            $and: [{ $text: { $search: textSearchTerm } }, { orgID }],
+          },
+        },
+        {
+          $project: {
+            _id: 0,
+            tagID: 1,
+          },
+        },
+      ]);
+
+      // Search for Projects using found Tags that are linked to Books
+      if (Array.isArray(tagResults) && tagResults.length > 0) {
+        const tagIDs = tagResults
+          .map((item) => item.tagID)
+          .filter((item) => item !== undefined);
+        const projMatchObj = {
+          $and: [projectWithAssociatedBookQuery, { tags: { $in: tagIDs } }],
+        };
+        await buildSearchQueryFromProjectResults(projMatchObj);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (orgID !== "libretexts" && req.query.location !== "all" && !cidFilter) {
+      const orgData = await Organization.findOne(
+        { orgID },
+        {
+          _id: 0,
+          orgID: 1,
+          name: 1,
+          shortName: 1,
+          abbreviation: 1,
+          aliases: 1,
+          catalogMatchingTags: 1,
+        }
+      ).lean();
+      const customCatalog = await CustomCatalog.findOne(
+        { orgID },
+        {
+          _id: 0,
+          orgID: 1,
+          resources: 1,
+        }
+      ).lean();
+      const hasCustomEntries =
+        customCatalog &&
+        Array.isArray(customCatalog.resources) &&
+        customCatalog.resources.length > 0;
+      const hasCatalogMatchingTags =
+        Array.isArray(orgData.catalogMatchingTags) &&
+        orgData.catalogMatchingTags.length > 0;
+
+      const campusNames = buildOrganizationNamesList(orgData);
+      if (searchOptions.course) {
+        campusNames.unshift(searchOptions.course);
+      }
+      if (searchOptions.publisher) {
+        campusNames.unshift(searchOptions.publisher);
+      }
+
+      if (req.query.location === "campus") {
+        institutionOptions.push({ course: { $in: campusNames } });
+        institutionOptions.push({ publisher: { $in: campusNames } });
+      }
+
+      if (hasCustomEntries || hasCatalogMatchingTags) {
+        // remove location filter to allow custom entries
+        const customSearchOptionsArr = searchOptionsArr.filter(
+          (obj) => !obj.location
+        );
+
+        let searchAreaObj = {};
+        let customSearchObj = {};
+        const idMatchObj = { bookID: { $in: customCatalog?.resources } };
+        const tagMatchObj = {
+          libraryTags: { $in: orgData.catalogMatchingTags },
+        };
+        if (hasCustomEntries && hasCatalogMatchingTags) {
+          searchAreaObj = { $or: [idMatchObj, tagMatchObj] };
+        } else if (hasCustomEntries) {
+          searchAreaObj = idMatchObj;
+        } else {
+          searchAreaObj = tagMatchObj;
+        }
+
+        if (customSearchOptionsArr.length > 0 && textSearchTerm) {
+          customSearchObj = {
+            $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
+            $and: [...customSearchOptionsArr, searchAreaObj],
+          };
+        } else if (customSearchOptionsArr.length > 0) {
+          customSearchObj = {
+            $and: [...customSearchOptionsArr, searchAreaObj],
+          };
+        } else if (textSearchTerm) {
+          customSearchObj = {
+            ...searchAreaObj,
+            $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
+          };
+        } else {
+          customSearchObj = searchAreaObj;
+        }
+
+        searchQueries.push(
+          Book.aggregate([
+            { $match: customSearchObj },
+            { $project: bookProjection },
+          ])
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Build main query
+    let mainSearchObj = {};
+    if (
+      searchOptionsArr.length > 0 &&
+      institutionOptions.length > 0 &&
+      textSearchTerm
+    ) {
+      mainSearchObj = {
+        $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
+        $and: searchOptionsArr,
+        $or: institutionOptions,
+      };
+    } else if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0 && institutionOptions.length > 0) {
+      mainSearchObj = {
+        $and: searchOptionsArr,
+        $or: institutionOptions,
+      };
+    } else if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0 && textSearchTerm) {
+      mainSearchObj = {
+        $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
+        $and: searchOptionsArr,
+      };
+    } else if (institutionOptions.length > 0 && textSearchTerm) {
+      mainSearchObj = {
+        $text: { $search: textSearchTerm },
+        $or: institutionOptions,
+      };
+    } else if (searchOptionsArr.length > 0) {
+      mainSearchObj = {
+        $and: searchOptionsArr,
+      };
+    } else if (institutionOptions.length > 0) {
+      mainSearchObj = {
+        $or: institutionOptions,
+      };
+    } else if (textSearchTerm) {
+      mainSearchObj = { $text: { $search: textSearchTerm } };
+    }
+
+    if (!cidFilter) {
+      searchQueries.push(
+        Book.aggregate([
+          { $match: mainSearchObj },
+          { $project: bookProjection },
+        ])
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Execute all searches and combine
+    const allQueryResults = await Promise.all(searchQueries);
+    const allFoundBooks = allQueryResults.reduce(
+      (arr, results) => arr.concat(results),
+      []
+    );
+    const totalNumBooks = await Book.estimatedDocumentCount();
+
+    // Ensure no duplicates
+    const resultBookIDs = new Set();
+    const resultBooks = allFoundBooks.filter((book) => {
+      if (!resultBookIDs.has(book.bookID)) {
+        resultBookIDs.add(book.bookID);
+        return true;
+      }
+      return false;
+    });
+
+    return res.send({
+      err: false,
+      numFound: resultBooks.length,
+      numTotal: totalNumBooks,
+      books: sortBooks(resultBooks, sortChoice),
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    debugError(e);
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the master list of Commons Catalog
+ * items with limited filtering and sorting.
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER
+ *  the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'getMasterCatalog'
+ */
+const getMasterCatalog = (
+  req: z.infer<typeof getMasterCatalogSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) => {
+  var sortedBooks: BookInterface[] = [];
+  var orgData = {};
+  var sortChoice: BookSortOption = "title"; // default to Sort by Title
+  var matchObj = {};
+  if (
+    req.query.sort &&
+    !isEmptyString(req.query.sort) &&
+    isBookSortOption(req.query.sort)
+  ) {
+    sortChoice = req.query.sort;
+  }
+  if (req.query.search && !isEmptyString(req.query.search)) {
+    matchObj["$text"] = {
+      $search: req.query.search,
+    };
+  }
+  Book.aggregate([
+    {
+      $match: matchObj,
+    },
+    {
+      $project: {
+        _id: 0,
+        __v: 0,
+        createdAt: 0,
+        updatedAt: 0,
+      },
+    },
+  ])
+    .then((books) => {
+      sortedBooks = sortBooks(books, sortChoice);
+      if (process.env.ORG_ID !== "libretexts") {
+        return Organization.findOne({
+          orgID: process.env.ORG_ID,
+        });
+      } else {
+        return {}; // LibreCommons — don't need to lookup Organization
+      }
+    })
+    .then((orgDataRes) => {
+      if (Object.keys(orgDataRes).length > 0) {
+        orgData = orgDataRes;
+      }
+      if (process.env.ORG_ID !== "libretexts") {
+        return CustomCatalog.findOne(
+          {
+            orgID: process.env.ORG_ID,
+          },
+          {
+            _id: 0,
+            orgID: 1,
+            resources: 1,
+          }
+        );
+      } else {
+        return {}; // LibreCommons — don't need to lookup Custom Catalog
+      }
+    })
+    .then((customCatalogRes) => {
+      // Check if book has been enabled via Custom Catalog
+      if (
+        customCatalogRes !== null &&
+        Object.keys(customCatalogRes).length > 0
+      ) {
+        if (
+          customCatalogRes.resources &&
+          Array.isArray(customCatalogRes.resources)
+        ) {
+          sortedBooks.forEach((book) => {
+            if (customCatalogRes.resources.includes(book.bookID)) {
+              book.isCustomEnabled = true;
+            }
+          });
+        }
+      }
+      // Check if book originated from the Organization
+      if (Object.keys(orgData).length > 0) {
+        var campusNames = buildOrganizationNamesList(orgData);
+        sortedBooks.forEach((book) => {
+          var isCampusBook = campusNames.some((item) => {
+            if (book.course && !isEmptyString(book.course)) {
+              return (
+                String(book.course).includes(item) ||
+                String(book.course) === item
+              );
+            } else if (book.program && !isEmptyString(book.program)) {
+              return (
+                String(book.program).includes(item) ||
+                String(book.program) === item
+              );
+            } else if (book.affiliation && !isEmptyString(book.affiliation)) {
+              return (
+                String(book.affiliation).includes(item) ||
+                String(book.affiliation) === item
+              );
+            } else {
+              return false;
+            }
+          });
+          if (isCampusBook) book.isCampusBook = true;
+        });
+      }
+      return res.send({
+        err: false,
+        books: sortedBooks,
+      });
+    })
+    .catch((err) => {
+      debugError(err);
+      return res.send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+      });
+    });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Returns the current options for dynamic filters in Commons Catalog(s).
+ *
+ * @param {express.Request} _req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ */
+async function getCatalogFilterOptions(_req: Request, res: Response) {
+  try {
+    const orgID = process.env.ORG_ID;
+    const uniqueAuthors = new Set();
+    const uniqueSubjects = new Set();
+    const uniqueAffiliations = new Set();
+    const uniqueCourses = new Set();
+    const uniquePrograms = new Set();
+    let matchObj = {};
+
+    if (orgID !== "libretexts") {
+      const [orgData, customCatalog] = await Promise.all([
+        Organization.findOne(
+          { orgID },
+          {
+            _id: 0,
+            orgID: 1,
+            name: 1,
+            shortName: 1,
+            abbreviation: 1,
+            aliases: 1,
+          }
+        ).lean(),
+        CustomCatalog.findOne(
+          { orgID },
+          {
+            _id: 0,
+            orgID: 1,
+            resources: 1,
+          }
+        ).lean(),
+      ]);
+      const campusNames = buildOrganizationNamesList(orgData);
+      if (
+        customCatalog &&
+        Array.isArray(customCatalog.resources) &&
+        customCatalog.resources.length > 0
+      ) {
+        matchObj["$or"] = [
+          { bookID: { $in: customCatalog.resources } },
+          { course: { $in: campusNames } },
+          { program: { $in: campusNames } },
+        ];
+      } else {
+        matchObj["$or"] = [
+          { course: { $in: campusNames } },
+          { program: { $in: campusNames } },
+        ];
+      }
+    }
+
+    const [foundBooks, cidResults] = await Promise.all([
+      Book.aggregate([
+        {
+          $match: matchObj,
+        },
+        {
+          $project: {
+            _id: 0,
+            author: 1,
+            subject: 1,
+            affiliation: 1,
+            course: 1,
+            program: 1,
+          },
+        },
+      ]),
+      CIDDescriptor.aggregate([
+        {
+          $sort: {
+            descriptor: 1,
+          },
+        },
+        {
+          $project: {
+            _id: 0,
+            __v: 0,
+            createdAt: 0,
+            updatedAt: 0,
+            title: 0,
+            description: 0,
+            approved: 0,
+            expires: 0,
+          },
+        },
+      ]),
+    ]);
+
+    foundBooks.forEach((book) => {
+      if (book.author && !isEmptyString(book.author)) {
+        uniqueAuthors.add(book.author);
+      }
+      if (book.subject && !isEmptyString(book.subject)) {
+        uniqueSubjects.add(book.subject);
+      }
+      if (book.affiliation && !isEmptyString(book.affiliation)) {
+        uniqueAffiliations.add(book.affiliation);
+      }
+      if (book.course && !isEmptyString(book.course)) {
+        uniqueCourses.add(book.course);
+      }
+      if (book.program && !isEmptyString(book.program)) {
+        uniquePrograms.add(book.program);
+      }
+    });
+
+    const authors = Array.from(uniqueAuthors).sort(normalizedSort);
+    const subjects = Array.from(uniqueSubjects).sort(normalizedSort);
+    const affiliations = Array.from(uniqueAffiliations).sort(normalizedSort);
+    const courses = Array.from(uniqueCourses).sort(normalizedSort);
+    const programs = Array.from(uniquePrograms).sort(normalizedSort);
+    const cids = cidResults
+      .map((item) => item.descriptor)
+      .filter((item) => item !== undefined);
+
+    return res.send({
+      authors,
+      subjects,
+      affiliations,
+      courses,
+      programs,
+      cids,
+      err: false,
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns a Book object given a book ID.
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'getBookDetail'
+ *
+ * @param {z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ */
+async function getBookDetail(
+  req: z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) {
+  try {
+    const { bookID } = req.params;
+    const bookRes = await Book.aggregate([
+      {
+        $match: { bookID },
+      },
+      {
+        $addFields: {
+          coverID: {
+            $arrayElemAt: [{ $split: ["$bookID", "-"] }, 1],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        $lookup: {
+          from: "projects",
+          let: {
+            lib: "$library",
+            coverID: "$coverID",
+          },
+          pipeline: [
+            {
+              $match: {
+                $expr: {
+                  $and: [
+                    { $eq: ["$$lib", "$libreLibrary"] },
+                    { $eq: ["$$coverID", "$libreCoverID"] },
+                    { $eq: ["$visibility", "public"] },
+                  ],
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+          as: "project",
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        $addFields: {
+          project: {
+            $arrayElemAt: ["$project", 0],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        $lookup: {
+          from: "peerreviews",
+          let: {
+            projectID: "$project.projectID",
+          },
+          pipeline: [
+            {
+              $match: {
+                $expr: {
+                  $eq: ["$projectID", "$$projectID"],
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+          as: "peerReviews",
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        $addFields: {
+          projectID: {
+            $cond: [
+              {
+                $and: [
+                  { $ifNull: ["$project.projectID", false] },
+                  { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: "$project.projectID" }, 0] },
+                ],
+              },
+              "$project.projectID",
+              "$projectID", // undefined
+            ],
+          },
+          hasReaderResources: {
+            $and: [
+              { $ifNull: ["$readerResources", false] },
+              { $gt: [{ $size: "$readerResources" }, 0] },
+            ],
+          },
+          allowAnonPR: {
+            $and: [
+              { $ne: [{ $type: "$project.allowAnonPR" }, "missing"] },
+              { $ne: ["$project.allowAnonPR", false] },
+            ],
+          },
+          hasPeerReviews: {
+            $and: [
+              { $ifNull: ["$peerReviews", false] },
+              { $gt: [{ $size: "$peerReviews" }, 0] },
+            ],
+          },
+          hasAdaptCourse: {
+            $and: [
+              { $ifNull: ["$project.adaptCourseID", false] },
+              { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: "$project.adaptCourseID" }, 0] },
+            ],
+          },
+          adaptCourseID: {
+            $cond: [
+              {
+                $and: [
+                  { $ifNull: ["$project.adaptCourseID", false] },
+                  { $gt: [{ $strLenBytes: "$project.adaptCourseID" }, 0] },
+                ],
+              },
+              "$project.adaptCourseID",
+              "$adaptCourseID", // undefined
+            ],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        $project: {
+          _id: 0,
+          __v: 0,
+          createdAt: 0,
+          updatedAt: 0,
+          materials: 0,
+          project: 0,
+          peerReviews: 0,
+          readerResources: {
+            _id: 0,
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    ]);
+    if (bookRes.length < 1) {
+      return res.status(404).send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err11,
+      });
+    }
+    return res.send({
+      err: false,
+      book: bookRes[0],
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    debugError(e);
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if a Book has an associated Project, if it allows anonymous Peer Reviews,
+ *  and the current Peer Reviews available.
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'getBookPeerReviews'
+ *
+ * @param {z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ */
+async function getBookPeerReviews(
+  req: z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) {
+  try {
+    let allowsAnon = true;
+    const [lib, coverID] = getLibraryAndPageFromBookID(req.params.bookID);
+    if (isEmptyString(lib) || isEmptyString(coverID)) {
+      return res.status(400).send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
+      });
+    }
+
+    const project = await Project.findOne({
+      $and: [
+        { libreLibrary: lib },
+        { libreCoverID: coverID },
+        { visibility: "public" },
+      ],
+    }).lean();
+    if (!project) {
+      return res.send({
+        err: false,
+        msg: "No Projects associated with this resource.",
+      });
+    }
+
+    if (project.allowAnonPR === false) {
+      allowsAnon = false; // true by default
+    }
+    const peerReviews = await PeerReview.aggregate(
+      buildPeerReviewAggregation(project.projectID)
+    );
+    return res.send({
+      err: false,
+      projectID: project.projectID,
+      reviews: peerReviews,
+      allowsAnon,
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    debugError(e);
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds the Book specified by @bookID in the request
+ * body to the Custom Catalog for the organization
+ * handled by the current server instance.
+ * If the Book is already in the Custom Catalog,
+ * no change is made (unique entries).
+ * If the Custom Catalog record does not already
+ * exists, it is created.
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER
+ *  the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'addBookToCustomCatalog'
+ */
+const addBookToCustomCatalog = (
+  req: z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDBodySchema>,
+  res: Response
+) => {
+  CustomCatalog.updateOne(
+    { orgID: process.env.ORG_ID },
+    {
+      $setOnInsert: {
+        orgID: process.env.ORG_ID,
+      },
+      $addToSet: {
+        resources: req.body.bookID,
+      },
+    },
+    {
+      upsert: true,
+    }
+  )
+    .then((catalogRes) => {
+      if (catalogRes.matchedCount === 1 && catalogRes.modifiedCount === 1) {
+        return res.send({
+          err: false,
+          msg: "Resource successfully added to Catalog.",
+        });
+      } else if (catalogRes.n === 0) {
+        throw new Error("notfound");
+      } else {
+        throw new Error("updatefailed");
+      }
+    })
+    .catch((err) => {
+      if (err.message === "notfound") {
+        return res.status(400).send({
+          err: true,
+          errMsg: conductorErrors.err11,
+        });
+      } else {
+        debugError(err);
+        return res.status(500).send({
+          err: true,
+          errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+        });
+      }
+    });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Removes the Book specified by @bookID in the request
+ * body from the Custom Catalog for the organization
+ * handled by the current server instance. If the
+ * book is not in the Custom Catalog, no change is
+ * made. All instances of the @bookID are removed from
+ * the Custom Catalog to combat duplicate entries.
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER
+ *  the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'removeBookFromCustomCatalog'
+ */
+const removeBookFromCustomCatalog = (
+  req: z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDBodySchema>,
+  res: Response
+) => {
+  CustomCatalog.updateOne(
+    { orgID: process.env.ORG_ID },
+    {
+      $pullAll: {
+        resources: [req.body.bookID],
+      },
+    }
+  )
+    .then((catalogRes) => {
+      if (catalogRes.matchedCount === 1 && catalogRes.modifiedCount === 1) {
+        return res.send({
+          err: false,
+          msg: "Resource successfully removed from Catalog.",
+        });
+      } else if (catalogRes.n === 0) {
+        throw new Error("notfound");
+      } else {
+        throw new Error("updatefailed");
+      }
+    })
+    .catch((err) => {
+      if (err.message === "notfound") {
+        return res.status(400).send({
+          err: true,
+          errMsg: conductorErrors.err11,
+        });
+      } else {
+        debugError(err);
+        return res.status(500).send({
+          err: true,
+          errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+        });
+      }
+    });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Makes a request to a Book's respective library to retrieve the Book summary. If no summary has
+ * been set, an empty string is returned.
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'getBookSummary'
+ *
+ * @param {z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ */
+async function getBookSummary(
+  req: z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) {
+  try {
+    const { bookID } = req.params;
+    const book = await Book.findOne({ bookID }).lean();
+    if (!book) {
+      return res.status(404).send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err11,
+      });
+    }
+
+    return res.send({
+      err: false,
+      summary: book.summary || "",
+      bookID,
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Makes a request to a Book's respective Project to retrieve the public Project Files.
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'getBookFiles'
+ *
+ * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ */
+async function getBookFiles(
+  req: z.infer<typeof getBookFilesSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) {
+  try {
+    const [lib, coverID] = getLibraryAndPageFromBookID(req.params.bookID);
+    const fileID = req.params.fileID || "";
+    if (isEmptyString(lib) || isEmptyString(coverID)) {
+      return res.status(400).send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
+      });
+    }
+
+    const project = await Project.findOne({
+      $and: [
+        { libreLibrary: lib },
+        { libreCoverID: coverID },
+        { visibility: "public" },
+      ],
+    }).lean();
+    if (!project) {
+      return res.send({
+        err: false,
+        msg: "No Projects associated with this resource.",
+      });
+    }
+
+    const [files, path] = await retrieveProjectFiles(
+      project.projectID,
+      fileID,
+      false,
+      true
+    );
+    return res.send({
+      err: false,
+      files,
+      path,
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Makes a request to a Book's respective Project to retrieve a signed download URL for a given file
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'getBookFiles'
+ *
+ * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ */
+async function downloadBookFile(
+  req: z.infer<typeof downloadBookFileSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) {
+  try {
+    const [lib, coverID] = getLibraryAndPageFromBookID(req.params.bookID);
+    const fileID = req.params.fileID;
+    if (isEmptyString(lib) || isEmptyString(coverID)) {
+      return res.status(400).send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
+      });
+    }
+
+    const project = await Project.findOne({
+      $and: [
+        { libreLibrary: lib },
+        { libreCoverID: coverID },
+        { visibility: "public" },
+      ],
+    }).lean();
+    if (!project) {
+      return res.send({
+        err: false,
+        msg: "No Projects associated with this resource.",
+      });
+    }
+
+    const downloadURL = await downloadProjectFile(
+      project.projectID,
+      fileID,
+      false,
+      true,
+      req
+    );
+    if (downloadURL === null) {
+      return res.status(404).send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err63,
+      });
+    } else if (downloadURL === false) {
+      return res.status(401).send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err8,
+      });
+    }
+
+    return res.send({
+      err: false,
+      msg: "Successfully generated download link!",
+      url: downloadURL,
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Retrieves a Book's Table of Contents via an internal call to the LibreTexts API.
+ * NOTE: This function should only be called AFTER the validation chain.
+ * VALIDATION: 'getBookTOC'
+ *
+ * @param {z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ */
+async function getBookTOC(
+  req: z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) {
+  try {
+    const toc = await getBookTOCFromAPI(req.params.bookID);
+    return res.send({
+      err: false,
+      toc,
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    debugError(e);
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Retrieves a Book's Content Licensing Report from the LibreTexts API
+ * Server and returns the data, if it exists.
+ *
+ * @param {z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ */
+async function getLicenseReport(
+  req: z.infer<typeof getWithBookIDParamSchema>,
+  res: Response
+) {
+  const notFoundResponse = {
+    err: false,
+    found: false,
+    msg: "Couldn't find a Content Licensing Report for that resource.",
+  };
+  try {
+    const { bookID } = req.params;
+    let notFound = false;
+    const licRep = await axios
+      .get(`https://api.libretexts.org/licensereports/${bookID}.json`)
+      .catch((err) => {
+        if (err.response?.status === 404) {
+          notFound = true;
+        } else {
+          throw err;
+        }
+      });
+    if (notFound || !licRep.data?.id) {
+      return res.send(notFoundResponse);
+    }
+
+    return res.send({
+      err: false,
+      found: true,
+      msg: `Found Content Licensing Report for ${bookID}.`,
+      data: licRep.data,
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    debugError(e);
+    return res.status(500).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err6,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generates a JSON file containing Commons Books listings for use by 3rd parties.
+ * @returns {boolean} True if export creation succeeded, false otherwise.
+ */
+const generateKBExport = () => {
+  let kbExport = {
+    date: new Date().toISOString(),
+    titles: [],
+  };
+  return new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
+    resolve(
+      Book.aggregate([
+        {
+          $project: {
+            _id: 0,
+            bookID: 1,
+            title: 1,
+            author: 1,
+            library: 1,
+            license: 1,
+            summary: 1,
+            thumbnail: 1,
+            lastUpdated: 1,
+          },
+        },
+      ])
+    );
+  })
+    .then((commonsBooks) => {
+      if (Array.isArray(commonsBooks)) {
+        kbExport.expected = commonsBooks.length;
+        commonsBooks.forEach((item) => {
+          let bookOut = {
+            publication_title: String(item.title)
+              .trim()
+              .replace(/\\n/gi, " ")
+              .replace("Book: ", ""),
+            title_id: item.bookID,
+            title_url: genPermalink(item.bookID),
+            coverage_depth: "fulltext",
+            access_type: "F",
+            publisher_name: "LibreTexts",
+          };
+          if (
+            typeof item.thumbnail === "string" &&
+            !isEmptyString(item.thumbnail)
+          ) {
+            bookOut.thumbnail_url = item.thumbnail;
+          }
+          if (
+            typeof item.license === "string" &&
+            !isEmptyString(item.license)
+          ) {
+            bookOut.license = item.license;
+          }
+          if (typeof item.lastUpdated === "string") {
+            const lastUpdateDate = new Date(item.lastUpdated);
+            if (isValidDateObject(lastUpdateDate)) {
+              bookOut.date_last_updated = item.lastUpdated;
+            }
+          }
+          if (
+            typeof item.summary === "string" &&
+            !isEmptyString(item.summary)
+          ) {
+            bookOut.description = item.summary;
+          }
+          if (item.library === "espanol") {
+            bookOut.language = "spanish";
+          } else {
+            bookOut.language = "english";
+          }
+          if (typeof item.author === "string" && !isEmptyString(item.author)) {
+            let itemAuthors = [];
+            let textmapMatch = item.author.match(/textmap/gi);
+            if (textmapMatch === null) {
+              // not a textmap, try to parse authors
+              let authorsString = item.author.replace(/(&|\band\b)/gi, ",");
+              let authors = authorsString.split(/,/gi);
+              if (authors.length > 0) {
+                authors.forEach((author) => {
+                  let authorProcess = author.trim();
+                  if (
+                    authorProcess.toLowerCase() !==
+                      "no attribution by request" &&
+                    authorProcess.length > 0
+                  ) {
+                    itemAuthors.push(authorProcess);
+                  }
+                });
+              }
+            } else {
+              // textmap, mark author as LibreTexts
+              itemAuthors.push("LibreTexts");
+            }
+            if (itemAuthors.length > 0) bookOut.authors = itemAuthors;
+          }
+          kbExport.titles.push(bookOut);
+        });
+        return fs.ensureDir("./public");
+      } else throw new Error("notarray");
+    })
+    .then(() => fs.writeJson("./public/kbexport.json", kbExport))
+    .then(() => true)
+    .catch((err) => {
+      debugError(err);
+      return false;
+    });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Attempts to retrieve the Knowledge Base export file(s) if available or generate them
+ * immediately if not found.
+ * @param {Object} req - The Express.js request object.
+ * @param {Object} res - The Express.js response object.
+ */
+const retrieveKBExport = (_req: Request, res: Response) => {
+  fs.pathExists("./public/kbexport.json")
+    .then((exists) => {
+      if (exists === true) return true;
+      return generateKBExport(); // generate on-the-fly
+    })
+    .then((generated) => {
+      if (generated === true) {
+        return res
+          .status(200)
+          .sendFile("./public/kbexport.json", { root: "." });
+      }
+      throw new Error("kbexport-notfound");
+    })
+    .catch((err) => {
+      debugError(err);
+      return res.status(500).send({
+        err: true,
+        msg: conductorErrors.err45,
+      });
+    });
+};
+
+const getCommonsCatalogSchema = z.object({
+  query: z.object({
+    sort: z
+      .union([z.literal("title"), z.literal("author"), z.literal("random")])
+      .optional()
+      .default("title"),
+    library: z
+      .string()
+      .refine(isValidLibrary, {
+        message: conductorErrors.err1,
+      })
+      .optional(),
+    subject: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+    author: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+    license: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+    affiliation: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+    course: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+    publisher: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+    search: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+    cidDescriptor: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+    location: z
+      .union([z.literal("central"), z.literal("campus"), z.literal("all")])
+      .optional(),
+  }),
+});
+
+const getMasterCatalogSchema = z.object({
+  query: z.object({
+    sort: z
+      .union([z.literal("title"), z.literal("author"), z.literal("random")])
+      .optional()
+      .default("title"),
+    search: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+  }),
+});
+
+const getWithBookIDParamSchema = z.object({
+  params: z.object({
+    bookID: z.string().refine(checkBookIDFormat, {
+      message: conductorErrors.err1,
+    }),
+  }),
+});
+
+const getWithBookIDBodySchema = z.object({
+  body: z.object({
+    bookID: z.string().refine(checkBookIDFormat, {
+      message: conductorErrors.err1,
+    }),
+  }),
+});
+
+const getBookFilesSchema = z.object({
+  params: z.object({
+    bookID: z.string().refine(checkBookIDFormat, {
+      message: conductorErrors.err1,
+    }),
+    fileID: z.string().uuid().optional(),
+  }),
+});
+
+const downloadBookFileSchema = z.object({
+  params: z.object({
+    bookID: z.string().refine(checkBookIDFormat, {
+      message: conductorErrors.err1,
+    }),
+    fileID: z.string().uuid(),
+  }),
+});
+
+export default {
+  syncWithLibraries,
+  runAutomatedSyncWithLibraries,
+  getCommonsCatalog,
+  getMasterCatalog,
+  getBookDetail,
+  getBookPeerReviews,
+  getCatalogFilterOptions,
+  addBookToCustomCatalog,
+  removeBookFromCustomCatalog,
+  getBookFiles,
+  downloadBookFile,
+  getBookSummary,
+  getBookTOC,
+  getLicenseReport,
+  retrieveKBExport,
+  getCommonsCatalogSchema,
+  getMasterCatalogSchema,
+  getWithBookIDParamSchema,
+  getWithBookIDBodySchema,
+  getBookFilesSchema,
+  downloadBookFileSchema,
+};
diff --git a/server/middleware.js b/server/middleware.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 703ba1e7..00000000
--- a/server/middleware.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-//
-// LibreTexts Conductor
-// middleware.js
-//
-
-'use strict';
-import express from 'express';
-import { validationResult } from 'express-validator';
-import conductorErrors from './conductor-errors.js';
-import { centralIdentityConfigured } from './util/centralIdentity.js';
-
-/**
- * Checks the results of the validation stage for an API route.
- * If there are no errors, the chain continues; otherwise, return an
- * error and the array of validation errors.
- * @param {Object} req    - the route request object
- * @param {Object} res    - the route response object
- * @param {function} next - the route's next middleware function to be ran
- */
-const checkValidationErrors = (req, res, next) => {
-    const validationErrors = validationResult(req);
-    if (validationErrors.isEmpty()) {
-        next();
-    } else {
-        return res.status(400).send({
-            err: true,
-            errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
-            errors: validationErrors.array()
-        });
-    }
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Checks that the route is being run on a LibreCommons server,
- * verified via an environment variable.
- * @param {object} req - The Express.js request object.
- * @param {object} res - The Express.js response object.
- * @param {function} next - The next function in the middleware chain.
- */
-const checkLibreCommons = (_req, res, next) => {
-    if (process.env.ORG_ID === 'libretexts') return next();
-    else {
-        return res.status(403).send({
-            err: true,
-            msg: conductorErrors.err4
-        });
-    }
-};
-
-
-/**
- * Verifies that a request has provided a valid key from the LibreTexts API.
- * @param {object} req - The Express.js request object.
- * @param {object} res - The Express.js response object.
- * @param {function} next - The next function in the middleware chain.
- */
-const checkLibreAPIKey = (req, res, next) => {
-    if (typeof (req.headers?.authorization) === 'string') {
-        const foundToken = req.headers.authorization.replace('Bearer ', '');
-        if (!process.env.LIBRE_API_KEY || process.env.LIBRE_API_KEY.length === 0) {
-            return res.status(500).send({ errMsg: conductorErrors.err6 });
-        }
-        if (process.env.LIBRE_API_KEY === foundToken) return next();
-    }
-    return res.status(401).send({ errMsg: conductorErrors.err5 });
-};
-
-/**
- * Reconstructs the Authorization header from cookies, if not already present.
- * 
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- * @param {express.NextFunction} next - Next middleware function to run.
- * @returns {express.NextFunction|express.Response} Invocation of the next middleware, or
- *  an error response.
- */
-function authSanitizer(req, _res, next) {
-  if (req.method !== 'OPTIONS') {
-    const { cookies } = req;
-    if (!req.header('authorization') && cookies.conductor_access && cookies.conductor_signed) {
-      req.headers.authorization = `${cookies.conductor_access}.${cookies.conductor_signed}`;
-    }
-  }
-  return next();
-}
-
-/**
- * Performs security checks on incoming requests by examing header values.
- *
- * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object. 
- * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
- * @param {express.NextFunction} next - Next middleware function to run.
- * @returns {express.NextFunction|express.Response} An invocation of the next middleware, or
- *  an error response.
- */
-function requestSecurityHelper(req, res, next) {
-  if (req.method !== 'OPTIONS' && req.header('x-requested-with') !== 'XMLHttpRequest') {
-    return res.status(403).send({
-      err: true,
-      errMsg: conductorErrors.err71,
-    });
-  }
-  return next();
-}
-
-/**
- * Checks if a route is a member of an array of paths to exclude from the given middleware. If so,
- * the route continues its middleware chain, otherwise, the given middleware is activated.
- *
- * @param {string[]} paths - An array of paths to exclude from the middleware
- * @param {function} middleware  - The middleware function to execute if the path is not excluded.
- */
-function middlewareFilter(paths, middleware) {
-  return (req, res, next) => {
-    if (paths.includes(req._parsedUrl.pathname)) {
-      return next();
-    }
-    return middleware(req, res, next);
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Checks if the server has been configured to use the Central Identity service.
- * 
- * @param {express.Request} req 
- * @param {express.Response} res 
- * @param {express.NextFunction} next 
- * @returns {express.NextFunction|express.Response} An invocation of the next middleware, or
- *  an error response.
- */
-function checkCentralIdentityConfig(req, res, next) {
-  if(centralIdentityConfigured) return next();
-  return res.status(500).send({
-    err: true,
-    errMsg: conductorErrors.err16,
-  });
-}
-
-export default {
-    checkValidationErrors,
-    checkLibreCommons,
-    checkLibreAPIKey,
-    authSanitizer,
-    requestSecurityHelper,
-    middlewareFilter,
-    checkCentralIdentityConfig
-}
diff --git a/server/middleware.ts b/server/middleware.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..de2d92b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/middleware.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+//
+// LibreTexts Conductor
+// middleware.js
+//
+
+"use strict";
+import express, { NextFunction, Request, Response } from "express";
+import { validationResult } from "express-validator";
+import conductorErrors from "./conductor-errors.js";
+import { centralIdentityConfigured } from "./util/centralIdentity.js";
+import { AnyZodObject } from "zod";
+import { debugError } from "./debug.js";
+
+/**
+ * Checks the results of the validation stage for an API route.
+ * If there are no errors, the chain continues; otherwise, return an
+ * error and the array of validation errors.
+ * @param {Object} req    - the route request object
+ * @param {Object} res    - the route response object
+ * @param {function} next - the route's next middleware function to be ran
+ */
+const checkValidationErrors = (
+  req: Request,
+  res: Response,
+  next: NextFunction
+) => {
+  const validationErrors = validationResult(req);
+  if (validationErrors.isEmpty()) {
+    next();
+  } else {
+    return res.status(400).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
+      errors: validationErrors.array(),
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Checks that the route is being run on a LibreCommons server,
+ * verified via an environment variable.
+ * @param {object} req - The Express.js request object.
+ * @param {object} res - The Express.js response object.
+ * @param {function} next - The next function in the middleware chain.
+ */
+const checkLibreCommons = (
+  _req: Request,
+  res: Response,
+  next: NextFunction
+) => {
+  if (process.env.ORG_ID === "libretexts") return next();
+  else {
+    return res.status(403).send({
+      err: true,
+      msg: conductorErrors.err4,
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Verifies that a request has provided a valid key from the LibreTexts API.
+ * @param {object} req - The Express.js request object.
+ * @param {object} res - The Express.js response object.
+ * @param {function} next - The next function in the middleware chain.
+ */
+const checkLibreAPIKey = (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => {
+  if (typeof req.headers?.authorization === "string") {
+    const foundToken = req.headers.authorization.replace("Bearer ", "");
+    if (!process.env.LIBRE_API_KEY || process.env.LIBRE_API_KEY.length === 0) {
+      return res.status(500).send({ errMsg: conductorErrors.err6 });
+    }
+    if (process.env.LIBRE_API_KEY === foundToken) return next();
+  }
+  return res.status(401).send({ errMsg: conductorErrors.err5 });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Reconstructs the Authorization header from cookies, if not already present.
+ *
+ * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ * @param {express.NextFunction} next - Next middleware function to run.
+ * @returns {express.NextFunction|express.Response} Invocation of the next middleware, or
+ *  an error response.
+ */
+function authSanitizer(req: Request, _res: Response, next: NextFunction) {
+  if (req.method !== "OPTIONS") {
+    const { cookies } = req;
+    if (
+      !req.header("authorization") &&
+      cookies.conductor_access &&
+      cookies.conductor_signed
+    ) {
+      req.headers.authorization = `${cookies.conductor_access}.${cookies.conductor_signed}`;
+    }
+  }
+  return next();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Performs security checks on incoming requests by examing header values.
+ *
+ * @param {express.Request} req - Incoming request object.
+ * @param {express.Response} res - Outgoing response object.
+ * @param {express.NextFunction} next - Next middleware function to run.
+ * @returns {express.NextFunction|express.Response} An invocation of the next middleware, or
+ *  an error response.
+ */
+function requestSecurityHelper(
+  req: Request,
+  res: Response,
+  next: NextFunction
+) {
+  if (
+    req.method !== "OPTIONS" &&
+    req.header("x-requested-with") !== "XMLHttpRequest"
+  ) {
+    return res.status(403).send({
+      err: true,
+      errMsg: conductorErrors.err71,
+    });
+  }
+  return next();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if a route is a member of an array of paths to exclude from the given middleware. If so,
+ * the route continues its middleware chain, otherwise, the given middleware is activated.
+ *
+ * @param {string[]} paths - An array of paths to exclude from the middleware
+ * @param {function} middleware  - The middleware function to execute if the path is not excluded.
+ */
+function middlewareFilter(
+  paths: string[],
+  middleware: (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => void
+) {
+  return (req: any, res: any, next: any) => {
+    if (paths.includes(req._parsedUrl.pathname)) {
+      return next();
+    }
+    return middleware(req, res, next);
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if the server has been configured to use the Central Identity service.
+ *
+ * @param {express.Request} req
+ * @param {express.Response} res
+ * @param {express.NextFunction} next
+ * @returns {express.NextFunction|express.Response} An invocation of the next middleware, or
+ *  an error response.
+ */
+function checkCentralIdentityConfig(
+  req: Request,
+  res: Response,
+  next: NextFunction
+) {
+  if (centralIdentityConfigured) return next();
+  return res.status(500).send({
+    err: true,
+    errMsg: conductorErrors.err16,
+  });
+}
+
+const validateZod = (schema: AnyZodObject) => {
+  return async (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => {
+    try {
+      await schema.parseAsync({
+        body: req.body,
+        query: req.query,
+        params: req.params,
+      });
+      next();
+    } catch (err) {
+      if(process.env.NODE_ENV === "development"){
+        debugError(err);
+      }
+      return res.status(400).send({
+        err: true,
+        errMsg: conductorErrors.err2,
+      });
+    }
+  };
+};
+
+export default {
+  checkValidationErrors,
+  checkLibreCommons,
+  checkLibreAPIKey,
+  authSanitizer,
+  requestSecurityHelper,
+  middlewareFilter,
+  checkCentralIdentityConfig,
+  validateZod,
+};
diff --git a/server/package-lock.json b/server/package-lock.json
index bee12f6d..e500fe0e 100644
--- a/server/package-lock.json
+++ b/server/package-lock.json
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@
         "ts-node": "^10.9.1",
         "util": "^0.12.4",
         "uuid": "^8.3.1",
-        "validator": "^13.9.0"
+        "validator": "^13.9.0",
+        "zod": "^3.22.4"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
         "@types/base62-random": "^0.3.0",
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@
         "@types/cors": "^2.8.13",
         "@types/debug": "^4.1.7",
         "@types/express": "^4.17.17",
+        "@types/fs-extra": "^11.0.2",
         "@types/multer": "^1.4.7",
         "@types/node": "^18.15.13",
         "@types/uuid": "^9.0.2",
@@ -2383,12 +2385,31 @@
         "@types/range-parser": "*"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@types/fs-extra": {
+      "version": "11.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/fs-extra/-/fs-extra-11.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-c0hrgAOVYr21EX8J0jBMXGLMgJqVf/v6yxi0dLaJboW9aQPh16Id+z6w2Tx1hm+piJOLv8xPfVKZCLfjPw/IMQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@types/jsonfile": "*",
+        "@types/node": "*"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@types/json5": {
       "version": "0.0.29",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/json5/-/json5-0.0.29.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-dRLjCWHYg4oaA77cxO64oO+7JwCwnIzkZPdrrC71jQmQtlhM556pwKo5bUzqvZndkVbeFLIIi+9TC40JNF5hNQ==",
       "dev": true
     },
+    "node_modules/@types/jsonfile": {
+      "version": "6.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/jsonfile/-/jsonfile-6.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-8t92P+oeW4d/CRQfJaSqEwXujrhH4OEeHRjGU3v1Q8mUS8GPF3yiX26sw4svv6faL2HfBtGTe2xWIoVgN3dy9w==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@types/node": "*"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@types/mime": {
       "version": "3.0.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/mime/-/mime-3.0.1.tgz",
@@ -7707,6 +7728,14 @@
       "dependencies": {
         "safe-buffer": "~5.2.0"
       }
+    },
+    "node_modules/zod": {
+      "version": "3.22.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/zod/-/zod-3.22.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-iC+8Io04lddc+mVqQ9AZ7OQ2MrUKGN+oIQyq1vemgt46jwCwLfhq7/pwnBnNXXXZb8VTVLKwp9EDkx+ryxIWmg==",
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/colinhacks"
+      }
     }
   },
   "dependencies": {
@@ -9691,12 +9720,31 @@
         "@types/range-parser": "*"
       }
     },
+    "@types/fs-extra": {
+      "version": "11.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/fs-extra/-/fs-extra-11.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-c0hrgAOVYr21EX8J0jBMXGLMgJqVf/v6yxi0dLaJboW9aQPh16Id+z6w2Tx1hm+piJOLv8xPfVKZCLfjPw/IMQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "requires": {
+        "@types/jsonfile": "*",
+        "@types/node": "*"
+      }
+    },
     "@types/json5": {
       "version": "0.0.29",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/json5/-/json5-0.0.29.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-dRLjCWHYg4oaA77cxO64oO+7JwCwnIzkZPdrrC71jQmQtlhM556pwKo5bUzqvZndkVbeFLIIi+9TC40JNF5hNQ==",
       "dev": true
     },
+    "@types/jsonfile": {
+      "version": "6.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/jsonfile/-/jsonfile-6.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-8t92P+oeW4d/CRQfJaSqEwXujrhH4OEeHRjGU3v1Q8mUS8GPF3yiX26sw4svv6faL2HfBtGTe2xWIoVgN3dy9w==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "requires": {
+        "@types/node": "*"
+      }
+    },
     "@types/mime": {
       "version": "3.0.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/mime/-/mime-3.0.1.tgz",
@@ -13659,6 +13707,11 @@
           }
         }
       }
+    },
+    "zod": {
+      "version": "3.22.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/zod/-/zod-3.22.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-iC+8Io04lddc+mVqQ9AZ7OQ2MrUKGN+oIQyq1vemgt46jwCwLfhq7/pwnBnNXXXZb8VTVLKwp9EDkx+ryxIWmg=="
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/server/package.json b/server/package.json
index 438443c6..347656a3 100644
--- a/server/package.json
+++ b/server/package.json
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@
     "ts-node": "^10.9.1",
     "util": "^0.12.4",
     "uuid": "^8.3.1",
-    "validator": "^13.9.0"
+    "validator": "^13.9.0",
+    "zod": "^3.22.4"
   },
   "author": "LibreTexts <info@libretexts.org>",
   "devDependencies": {
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@
     "@types/cors": "^2.8.13",
     "@types/debug": "^4.1.7",
     "@types/express": "^4.17.17",
+    "@types/fs-extra": "^11.0.2",
     "@types/multer": "^1.4.7",
     "@types/node": "^18.15.13",
     "@types/uuid": "^9.0.2",
diff --git a/server/types/Book.ts b/server/types/Book.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..260c9958
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/types/Book.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export type BookSortOption = 'random' | 'author' | 'title';
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/server/types/index.ts b/server/types/index.ts
index 654ea87b..9250c4ea 100644
--- a/server/types/index.ts
+++ b/server/types/index.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   TypedReqParamsAndBody,
   TypedReqParamsAndBodyWithUser,
 } from "./Express";
+import { BookSortOption } from "./Book";
 import {
   CustomFormHeadingType,
   CustomFormPromptType,
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ import {
 } from "./CentralIdentity";
 
 export type {
+  BookSortOption,
   CentralIdentityUser,
   CentralIdentityOrg,
   CentralIdentityService,
diff --git a/server/util/typeHelpers.ts b/server/util/typeHelpers.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3dad0002
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/util/typeHelpers.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { BookSortOption } from "../types";
+
+export const isBookSortOption = (text: string): text is BookSortOption => {
+    return (
+        text === "title" ||
+        text === "author" ||
+        text === "random"
+    );
+}
\ No newline at end of file