New segmentation metric: Hausdorff Distance

[matsumotosan]

What does this PR do?

Fixes #1990

Before submitting

• [x ] Was this discussed/agreed via a Github issue? (no need for typos and docs improvements)
• Did you read the contributor guideline, Pull Request section?
• Did you make sure to update the docs?
• Did you write any new necessary tests?

PR review

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If we didn't discuss your PR in Github issues there's a high chance it will not be merged.

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://torchmetrics--2122.org.readthedocs.build/en/2122/

[Borda]

Seems like a big collision. Could you check it or maybe cherry-pick your commits on top of the master?

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 46.57534% with 39 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 32%. Comparing base (0990ecf) to head (3f4b68e).
Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

❗ There is a different number of reports uploaded between BASE (0990ecf) and HEAD (3f4b68e). Click for more details.

HEAD has 310 uploads less than BASE

Flag	BASE (0990ecf)	HEAD (3f4b68e)
Windows	12	2
python3.8	12	0
cpu	78	2
torch1.13.1+cpu	12	0
torch2.4.0+cpu	4	1
python3.11	10	1
torch1.12.1+cpu	4	0
Linux	52	0
python3.9	36	0
torch1.11.0+cpu	4	0
torch2.0.1+cpu	12	1
python3.10	20	1
gpu	3	0
unittest	3	0
torch1.10.2+cpu	4	0
macOS	14	0
torch2.0.1	8	0
torch1.13.1	4	0
torch2.3.1+cpu	8	0
torch2.2.2+cpu	8	0
torch2.4.0+cu121	4	0
torch2.1.2+cpu	4	0
torch2.4.0	2	0

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           master   #2122     +/-   ##
========================================
- Coverage      69%     32%    -37%     
========================================
  Files         334     322     -12     
  Lines       18153   18049    -104     
========================================
- Hits        12570    5736   -6834     
- Misses       5583   12313   +6730     

[Borda]

@baskrahmer how is it going here? :)

[baskrahmer]

@baskrahmer how is it going here? :)

@Borda there is an issue with the tests, related to running with DDP. Could you have a look?

[azure-pipelines]

There was an error handling pipeline event b3600a50-df3c-4a97-a1e3-4e33eb8eb07e.