diff --git a/outputs/costs_2020.csv b/outputs/costs_2020.csv index 6ee917c9..ce291503 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2020.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2020.csv @@ -14,28 +14,28 @@ Battery electric (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY BioSNG,C in fuel,0.324,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,C stored,0.676,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,CO2 stored,0.2479,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BioSNG,FOM,1.608,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" -BioSNG,VOM,2.8712,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" +BioSNG,FOM,1.608,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" +BioSNG,VOM,2.8712,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" BioSNG,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -BioSNG,efficiency,0.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" -BioSNG,investment,2658.5,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" +BioSNG,efficiency,0.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" +BioSNG,investment,2658.5,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" BioSNG,lifetime,25.0,years,TODO,"84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Technical lifetime" BtL,C in fuel,0.2455,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,C stored,0.7545,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,CO2 stored,0.2767,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BtL,FOM,2.4,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" -BtL,VOM,1.1299,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" +BtL,FOM,2.4,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" +BtL,VOM,1.1299,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" BtL,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, BtL,efficiency,0.35,per unit,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Electricity Output" BtL,investment,3500.0,EUR/kW_th,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Specific investment" -BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" -CCGT,FOM,3.3295,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" -CCGT,VOM,4.4,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" -CCGT,c_b,1.8,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" -CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" -CCGT,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -CCGT,investment,880.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" -CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" +BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" +CCGT,FOM,3.3295,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" +CCGT,VOM,4.4,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" +CCGT,c_b,1.8,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" +CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" +CCGT,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +CCGT,investment,880.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" +CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" CH4 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- CH4 (g) fill compressor station,investment,1498.9483,EUR/MW_CH4,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station cost.","Assume same ratio as between H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station, i.e. 1:19 , due to a lack of reliable numbers." CH4 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as fo FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.344,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,5.636,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M +Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,5.636,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M Fischer-Tropsch,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, Fischer-Tropsch,carbondioxide-input,0.36,t_CO2/MWh_FT,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), Hydrogen to Jet Fuel, Table 10 / pg. 267.","Input per 1t FT liquid fuels output, carbon efficiency increases with years (4.3, 3.9, 3.6, 3.3 t_CO2/t_FT from 2020-2050 with LHV 11.95 MWh_th/t_FT)." Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.799,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", @@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy. HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,investment,932.3337,EUR/MW/km,Härtel et al. (2017): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.008 .,Table 1 HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." -Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M -Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M Haber-Bosch,electricity-input,0.2473,MWh_el/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), table 11.",Assume 5 GJ/t_NH3 for compressors and NH3 LHV = 5.16666 MWh/t_NH3. Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.","178 kg_H2 per t_NH3, LHV for both assumed." -Haber-Bosch,investment,1686.8596,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +Haber-Bosch,investment,1686.8596,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh." HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}" @@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,101949.0686,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen,investment,183399.6858,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,55000.0,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) @@ -221,14 +220,15 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,10.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,151574.0,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.46,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" -Hydrogen-charger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" +Hydrogen-charger,investment,1181390.354,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.4801,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,investment,1146506.0562,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Hydrogen-nan,investment,183399.6858,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Hydrogen-store,investment,4329.3505,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}" Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -259,11 +259,11 @@ LOHC transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://pap LOHC unloaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,investment,132.2635,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.","Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared. Density of loaded LOHC H18-DBT is 0.91 t/m^3, density of unloaded LOHC H0-DBT is 1.04 t/m^3 but unloading is only to 90% (depth-of-discharge), assume density via linearisation of 1.027 t/m^3." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." -Lead-Acid,decommissioning,15542.7733,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4064,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,135616.1853,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lead-Acid-nan,decommissioning,15542.7733,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2386,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lead-Acid-store,investment,330854.2753,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -286,19 +286,19 @@ Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'c Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.328,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" Liquid-Air-store,investment,169144.4199,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}" Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-LFP,decommissioning,2625.8032,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,86573.5473,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-LFP-nan,decommissioning,2625.8032,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,294988.1555,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-NMC,decommissioning,2625.8032,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,86573.5473,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-NMC-nan,decommissioning,2625.8032,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.0379,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,337033.2923,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -331,19 +331,19 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Tabl NH3 (l) transport ship,capacity,53000.0,t_NH3,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,investment,74461941.3377,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tanker, but more mature technology", -Ni-Zn,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,86573.5473,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Ni-Zn-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2238,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Ni-Zn-store,investment,312321.7116,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -OCGT,FOM,1.7772,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M -OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M -OCGT,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -OCGT,investment,453.96,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment -OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime +OCGT,FOM,1.7772,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M +OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M +OCGT,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +OCGT,investment,453.96,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment +OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -390,206 +390,206 @@ Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Tech Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.4701,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR. Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Economic analysis of hydrogen production by methane thermal decomposition (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.063), table 2.","Large scale SMR plant producing 2.5 kg/s H2 output (assuming 33.3333 MWh/t H2 LHV), with 6.9 kg/s CH4 input (feedstock) and 2 kg/s CH4 input (energy). Neglecting water consumption." -Vanadium-Redox-Flow,decommissioning,20781.4985,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4028,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,135814.5241,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-nan,decommissioning,20781.4985,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2335,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,287672.9532,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Air,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Air-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1893,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Air-store,investment,176526.0342,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Flow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.475,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,121637.3372,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Flow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2849,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,431692.9606,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Nonflow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Nonflow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2481,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,250772.9587,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind ." -air separation unit,investment,948187.2361,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime -battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -battery inverter,investment,270.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -battery storage,investment,232.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +air separation unit,investment,948187.2361,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +battery inverter,investment,270.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +battery storage,investment,232.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, biogas,fuel,59.0,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biogas,investment,1032.4577,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas,investment,1032.4577,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" biogas CC,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas CC,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, -biogas CC,investment,1032.4577,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" -biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,4.5939,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,investment,964.7165,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment -biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime -biogas upgrading,FOM,17.0397,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " -biogas upgrading,VOM,4.1613,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" -biogas upgrading,investment,192.9697,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" -biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" +biogas CC,investment,1032.4577,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,4.5939,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,investment,964.7165,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment +biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime +biogas upgrading,FOM,17.0397,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " +biogas upgrading,VOM,4.1613,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" +biogas upgrading,investment,192.9697,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" +biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" biomass,FOM,4.5269,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,fuel,7.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,investment,2209.0,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,lifetime,30.0,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biomass CHP,FOM,3.6081,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass CHP,VOM,2.1064,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass CHP,c_b,0.4544,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2994,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7093,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,investment,3381.2717,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.03,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,3300000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass EOP,FOM,3.6081,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass EOP,VOM,2.1064,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass EOP,c_b,0.4544,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass EOP,efficiency,0.2994,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7093,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,investment,3381.2717,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass HOP,FOM,5.8029,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" -biomass HOP,VOM,2.113,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output -biomass HOP,efficiency,1.0323,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -biomass HOP,investment,875.4246,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment -biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -biomass boiler,FOM,7.3854,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" -biomass boiler,efficiency,0.82,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -biomass boiler,investment,682.6741,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" -biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP,FOM,3.6081,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass CHP,VOM,2.1064,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass CHP,c_b,0.4544,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2994,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7093,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,investment,3381.2717,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.03,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,3300000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass EOP,FOM,3.6081,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass EOP,VOM,2.1064,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass EOP,c_b,0.4544,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass EOP,efficiency,0.2994,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7093,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,investment,3381.2717,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass HOP,FOM,5.8029,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" +biomass HOP,VOM,2.113,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output +biomass HOP,efficiency,1.0323,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +biomass HOP,investment,875.4246,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment +biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime +biomass boiler,FOM,7.3854,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" +biomass boiler,efficiency,0.82,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +biomass boiler,investment,682.6741,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" +biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" biomass boiler,pelletizing cost,9.0,EUR/MWh_pellets,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109506, biomass-to-methanol,C in fuel,0.3926,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,C stored,0.6074,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,CO2 stored,0.2227,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.1111,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M -biomass-to-methanol,VOM,21.6979,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M +biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.1111,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M +biomass-to-methanol,VOM,21.6979,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M biomass-to-methanol,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.58,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," -biomass-to-methanol,investment,5591.3924,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment -biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.025,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2102,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central air-sourced heat pump,investment,951.3853,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" -central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" -central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M -central coal CHP,VOM,2.9,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M -central coal CHP,c_b,0.84,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient -central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient -central coal CHP,efficiency,0.485,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" -central coal CHP,investment,1900.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment -central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime -central gas CHP,FOM,3.3051,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP,VOM,4.4,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP,c_b,0.96,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.58,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," +biomass-to-methanol,investment,5591.3924,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment +biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.025,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2102,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central air-sourced heat pump,investment,951.3853,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" +central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" +central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M +central coal CHP,VOM,2.9,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M +central coal CHP,c_b,0.84,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient +central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient +central coal CHP,efficiency,0.485,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" +central coal CHP,investment,1900.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment +central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP,FOM,3.3051,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP,VOM,4.4,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP,c_b,0.96,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" central gas CHP,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat), from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP,investment,590.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas CHP,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP,investment,590.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" central gas CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.3051,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.4,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP CC,c_b,0.96,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" -central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP CC,investment,590.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" -central gas boiler,FOM,3.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M -central gas boiler,VOM,1.1,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M -central gas boiler,efficiency,1.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central gas boiler,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment -central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime -central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3546,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,0.982,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,564.0,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" -central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" -central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central hydrogen CHP,investment,1300.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime -central resistive heater,FOM,1.5286,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M -central resistive heater,VOM,0.9,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M -central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central resistive heater,investment,70.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW -central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.3051,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.4,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP CC,c_b,0.96,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP CC,investment,590.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas boiler,FOM,3.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M +central gas boiler,VOM,1.1,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M +central gas boiler,efficiency,1.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central gas boiler,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment +central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime +central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3546,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,0.982,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,564.0,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" +central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" +central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central hydrogen CHP,investment,1300.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +central resistive heater,FOM,1.5286,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M +central resistive heater,VOM,0.9,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M +central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central resistive heater,investment,70.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW +central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime central solar thermal,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,investment,140000.0,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.6015,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3489,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,investment,3534.6459,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.6015,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3489,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,investment,3534.6459,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" central solid biomass CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.6015,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3489,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.6015,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3489,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" central solid biomass CHP CC,investment,5449.8023,EUR/kW_e,Combination of central solid biomass CHP CC and solid biomass boiler steam, -central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.6015,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3489,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3534.6459,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central water tank storage,FOM,0.5176,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M -central water tank storage,investment,0.5796,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment -central water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime +central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.6015,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3489,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3534.6459,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central water tank storage,FOM,0.5176,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M +central water tank storage,investment,0.5796,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment +central water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,investment,67.626,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", @@ -613,23 +613,23 @@ decentral CHP,FOM,3.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,investment,1400.0,EUR/kWel,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.9578,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.9578,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M decentral air-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,940.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment -decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.5595,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,940.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment +decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.5595,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M decentral gas boiler,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.97,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" -decentral gas boiler,investment,312.0796,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment -decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler connection,investment,195.0498,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment -decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8535,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M +decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.97,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" +decentral gas boiler,investment,312.0796,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment +decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler connection,investment,195.0498,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment +decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8535,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M decentral ground-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime decentral oil boiler,FOM,2.0,%/year,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,investment,156.0141,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf) (+eigene Berechnung), from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -652,34 +652,34 @@ digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, digestible biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.39,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", digestible biomass to hydrogen,investment,4000.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture direct air capture,electricity-input,0.4,MWh_el/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","0.4 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 0.182 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019). Should already include electricity for water scrubbing and compression (high quality CO2 output)." direct air capture,heat-input,1.6,MWh_th/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","Thermal energy demand. Provided via air-sourced heat pumps. 1.6 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 1.102 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019)." -direct air capture,heat-output,1.25,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,7000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct firing gas,FOM,1.2121,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas,VOM,0.2825,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.2121,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.2825,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.5455,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3253,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.5455,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3253,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct air capture,heat-output,1.25,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,7000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct firing gas,FOM,1.2121,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas,VOM,0.2825,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.2121,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.2825,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.5455,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3253,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.5455,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3253,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost." direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’. direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect)." @@ -695,11 +695,11 @@ electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible P electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower. electric arc furnace,investment,1666182.3978,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’. electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime. -electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M -electric boiler steam,VOM,0.865,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M -electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" -electric boiler steam,investment,80.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment -electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime +electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M +electric boiler steam,VOM,0.865,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M +electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" +electric boiler steam,investment,80.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment +electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime electric steam cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,Guesstimate, electric steam cracker,VOM,180.0,€/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), Table 35", electric steam cracker,carbondioxide-output,0.55,t_CO2/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), ",The report also references another source with 0.76 t_CO2/t_HVC @@ -721,23 +721,23 @@ electrobiofuels,efficiency-biomass,1.3183,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-hydrogen,1.1766,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-tot,0.6217,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,investment,517844.1334,EUR/kW_th,combination of BtL and electrofuels, -electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M -electrolysis,efficiency,0.2762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.2762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,investment,1086.877,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment -electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime -fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -fuel cell,investment,1300.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M +electrolysis,efficiency,0.2762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.2762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,investment,1086.877,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment +electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime +fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +fuel cell,investment,1300.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime gas,CO2 intensity,0.198,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 50 GJ/t CH4, gas,fuel,23.8481,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -gas boiler steam,FOM,3.6667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M -gas boiler steam,VOM,1.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M -gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -gas boiler steam,investment,54.5455,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment -gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime +gas boiler steam,FOM,3.6667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M +gas boiler steam,VOM,1.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M +gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +gas boiler steam,investment,54.5455,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment +gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenace, salt cavern (units converted)" gas storage,investment,0.0329,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)" gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime" @@ -753,12 +753,12 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,investment,2000.0,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions -home battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -home battery inverter,investment,377.0,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -home battery storage,investment,323.5316,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -home battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +home battery inverter,investment,377.0,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +home battery storage,investment,323.5316,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +home battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -771,23 +771,23 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,12.2274,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference." hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0526,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,57.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M -hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0928,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.26,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,2.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,1045.44,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1113,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.26,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.55,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,871.2,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0526,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,57.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M +hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0928,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.26,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,2.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,1045.44,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1113,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.26,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.55,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,871.2,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime iron ore DRI-ready,commodity,97.73,EUR/t,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://missionpossiblepartnership.org/action-sectors/steel/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","DRI ready assumes 65% iron content, requiring no additional benefication." lignite,CO2 intensity,0.4069,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.31,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Calculated based on average of listed range, i.e. (39.5+91.25) USD/kW_e/a /2 / (1.09 USD/EUR) / investment cost * 100. Note: Assume same costs as for hard coal, as cost structure is apparently comparable, see https://diglib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=6093e88b63f93&location=browse and https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ae17da3d-e8a5-4163-a3ec-2e6fb0b5677d/Projected-Costs-of-Generating-Electricity-2020.pdf . " @@ -823,21 +823,21 @@ methanolisation,heat-output,0.1,MWh_th/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carb methanolisation,hydrogen-input,1.138,MWh_H2/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf) , pg. 64.",189 kg_H2 per t_MeOH methanolisation,investment,757400.9996,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", -micro CHP,FOM,6.6667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M -micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.599,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,investment,10045.3136,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment -micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime +micro CHP,FOM,6.6667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M +micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.599,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,investment,10045.3136,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment +micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs." nuclear,VOM,3.6188,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260." nuclear,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. nuclear,investment,8769.6136,EUR/kW_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (8475+13925)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,lifetime,40.0,years,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.", -offwind,FOM,2.5093,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" +offwind,FOM,2.5093,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" offwind,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order, from old pypsa cost assumptions -offwind,investment,1804.7687,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" -offwind,lifetime,27.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] +offwind,investment,1804.7687,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" +offwind,lifetime,27.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] offwind-ac-connection-submarine,investment,2685.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-connection-underground,investment,1342.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-station,investment,250.0,EUR/kWel,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -851,16 +851,16 @@ offwind-float-connection-submarine,investment,2040.0,EUR/MW/km,DTU report based offwind-float-connection-underground,investment,961.1688,EUR/MW/km,Haertel 2017; average + 13% learning reduction, offwind-float-station,investment,384.4675,EUR/kWel,Haertel 2017; assuming one onshore and one offshore node + 13% learning reduction, oil,CO2 intensity,0.2571,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 44 GJ/t diesel and -CH2- approximation of diesel, -oil,FOM,2.5656,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M -oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M -oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +oil,FOM,2.5656,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M +oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M +oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" oil,fuel,50.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA WEM2017 97USD/boe = http://www.iea.org/media/weowebsite/2017/WEM_Documentation_WEO2017.pdf, from old pypsa cost assumptions -oil,investment,343.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment -oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime -onwind,FOM,1.2514,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M -onwind,VOM,1.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M -onwind,investment,1118.775,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment -onwind,lifetime,27.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime +oil,investment,343.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment +oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime +onwind,FOM,1.2514,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M +onwind,VOM,1.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M +onwind,investment,1118.775,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment +onwind,lifetime,27.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,investment,3312.2424,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -880,50 +880,50 @@ solar-rooftop,FOM,1.1471,%/year,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed inv solar-rooftop,discount rate,0.04,per unit,standard for decentral, from old pypsa cost assumptions solar-rooftop,investment,957.4695,EUR/kW_e,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' solar-rooftop,lifetime,35.0,years,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' -solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.2152,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop commercial,investment,790.0797,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.079,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop residential,investment,1124.8592,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility,FOM,2.0089,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility,investment,509.4736,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,1.8605,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,589.0441,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.2152,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop commercial,investment,790.0797,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.079,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop residential,investment,1124.8592,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility,FOM,2.0089,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility,investment,509.4736,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,1.8605,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,589.0441,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] solid biomass,CO2 intensity,0.3667,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 18 GJ/t_DM LHV and 50% C-content for solid biomass, solid biomass,fuel,12.0,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOWOOW1 (secondary forest residue wood chips), ENS_Ref for 2040", -solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,5.4515,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.779,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam,investment,618.1818,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime -solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,5.4515,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.779,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,618.1818,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,5.4515,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.779,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam,investment,618.1818,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,5.4515,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.779,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,618.1818,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,4000.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", uranium,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -waste CHP,FOM,2.4016,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP,VOM,27.2767,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP,c_b,0.2826,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP,efficiency,0.2021,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7635,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,investment,8577.6998,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -waste CHP CC,FOM,2.4016,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP CC,VOM,27.2767,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2826,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2021,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7635,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,investment,8577.6998,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) -water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +waste CHP,FOM,2.4016,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP,VOM,27.2767,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP,c_b,0.2826,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP,efficiency,0.2021,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7635,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,investment,8577.6998,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +waste CHP CC,FOM,2.4016,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP CC,VOM,27.2767,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2826,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2021,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7635,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,investment,8577.6998,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) diff --git a/outputs/costs_2025.csv b/outputs/costs_2025.csv index 42455967..3da27305 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2025.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2025.csv @@ -14,28 +14,28 @@ Battery electric (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY BioSNG,C in fuel,0.3321,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,C stored,0.6679,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,CO2 stored,0.2449,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BioSNG,FOM,1.6195,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" -BioSNG,VOM,2.3395,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" +BioSNG,FOM,1.6195,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" +BioSNG,VOM,2.3395,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" BioSNG,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -BioSNG,efficiency,0.615,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" -BioSNG,investment,2179.97,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" +BioSNG,efficiency,0.615,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" +BioSNG,investment,2179.97,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" BioSNG,lifetime,25.0,years,TODO,"84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Technical lifetime" BtL,C in fuel,0.2571,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,C stored,0.7429,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,CO2 stored,0.2724,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BtL,FOM,2.5263,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" -BtL,VOM,1.1299,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" +BtL,FOM,2.5263,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" +BtL,VOM,1.1299,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" BtL,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, BtL,efficiency,0.3667,per unit,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Electricity Output" BtL,investment,3250.0,EUR/kW_th,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Specific investment" -BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" -CCGT,FOM,3.3392,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" -CCGT,VOM,4.3,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" -CCGT,c_b,1.9,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" -CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" -CCGT,efficiency,0.57,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -CCGT,investment,855.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" -CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" +BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" +CCGT,FOM,3.3392,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" +CCGT,VOM,4.3,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" +CCGT,c_b,1.9,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" +CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" +CCGT,efficiency,0.57,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +CCGT,investment,855.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" +CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" CH4 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- CH4 (g) fill compressor station,investment,1498.9483,EUR/MW_CH4,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station cost.","Assume same ratio as between H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station, i.e. 1:19 , due to a lack of reliable numbers." CH4 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as fo FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.344,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,5.0512,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M +Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,5.0512,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M Fischer-Tropsch,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, Fischer-Tropsch,carbondioxide-input,0.343,t_CO2/MWh_FT,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), Hydrogen to Jet Fuel, Table 10 / pg. 267.","Input per 1t FT liquid fuels output, carbon efficiency increases with years (4.3, 3.9, 3.6, 3.3 t_CO2/t_FT from 2020-2050 with LHV 11.95 MWh_th/t_FT)." Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.799,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", @@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy. HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,investment,932.3337,EUR/MW/km,Härtel et al. (2017): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.008 .,Table 1 HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." -Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M -Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M Haber-Bosch,electricity-input,0.2473,MWh_el/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), table 11.",Assume 5 GJ/t_NH3 for compressors and NH3 LHV = 5.16666 MWh/t_NH3. Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.","178 kg_H2 per t_NH3, LHV for both assumed." -Haber-Bosch,investment,1533.2728,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +Haber-Bosch,investment,1533.2728,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh." HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}" @@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,93592.5875,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen,investment,148385.2562,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,43500.0,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) @@ -221,14 +220,15 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.5,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,122291.0,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.5473,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" -Hydrogen-charger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" +Hydrogen-charger,investment,747916.8314,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5307,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,investment,744892.3888,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Hydrogen-nan,investment,148385.2562,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Hydrogen-store,investment,4329.3505,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}" Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -259,11 +259,11 @@ LOHC transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://pap LOHC unloaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,investment,132.2635,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.","Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared. Density of loaded LOHC H18-DBT is 0.91 t/m^3, density of unloaded LOHC H0-DBT is 1.04 t/m^3 but unloading is only to 90% (depth-of-discharge), assume density via linearisation of 1.027 t/m^3." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." -Lead-Acid,decommissioning,13139.9157,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4245,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,126161.4367,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lead-Acid-nan,decommissioning,13139.9157,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2464,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lead-Acid-store,investment,310629.9982,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -286,19 +286,19 @@ Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'c Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" Liquid-Air-store,investment,156579.97,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}" Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-LFP,decommissioning,1312.9016,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,80219.5255,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-LFP-nan,decommissioning,1312.9016,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,254588.9617,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-NMC,decommissioning,1312.9016,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,80219.5255,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-NMC-nan,decommissioning,1312.9016,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.0379,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,290598.6752,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -331,19 +331,19 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Tabl NH3 (l) transport ship,capacity,53000.0,t_NH3,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,investment,74461941.3377,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tanker, but more mature technology", -Ni-Zn,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,80219.5255,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Ni-Zn-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.225,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Ni-Zn-store,investment,277455.3631,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -OCGT,FOM,1.7784,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M -OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M -OCGT,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -OCGT,investment,444.6,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment -OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime +OCGT,FOM,1.7784,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M +OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M +OCGT,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +OCGT,investment,444.6,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment +OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -390,206 +390,206 @@ Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Tech Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.4701,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR. Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Economic analysis of hydrogen production by methane thermal decomposition (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.063), table 2.","Large scale SMR plant producing 2.5 kg/s H2 output (assuming 33.3333 MWh/t H2 LHV), with 6.9 kg/s CH4 input (feedstock) and 2 kg/s CH4 input (energy). Neglecting water consumption." -Vanadium-Redox-Flow,decommissioning,19206.0166,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,126337.339,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-nan,decommissioning,19206.0166,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.234,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,260708.7462,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Air,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Air-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1773,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Air-store,investment,167237.3159,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Flow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.2974,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,97751.4205,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Flow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2713,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,402565.8733,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Nonflow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Nonflow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2362,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,233721.2052,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind ." -air separation unit,investment,861855.7642,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime -battery inverter,FOM,0.2512,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -battery inverter,investment,215.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -battery storage,investment,187.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +air separation unit,investment,861855.7642,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +battery inverter,FOM,0.2512,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +battery inverter,investment,215.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +battery storage,investment,187.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, biogas,fuel,59.0,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biogas,investment,1097.9155,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas,investment,1097.9155,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" biogas CC,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas CC,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, -biogas CC,investment,1097.9155,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" -biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,4.2111,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,investment,884.3234,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment -biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime -biogas upgrading,FOM,17.0397,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " -biogas upgrading,VOM,4.4251,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" -biogas upgrading,investment,205.2039,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" -biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" +biogas CC,investment,1097.9155,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,4.2111,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,investment,884.3234,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment +biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime +biogas upgrading,FOM,17.0397,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " +biogas upgrading,VOM,4.4251,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" +biogas upgrading,investment,205.2039,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" +biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" biomass,FOM,4.5269,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,fuel,7.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,investment,2209.0,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,lifetime,30.0,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biomass CHP,FOM,3.5955,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass CHP,VOM,2.1031,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass CHP,c_b,0.4554,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2998,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7088,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,investment,3295.7752,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.03,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass EOP,FOM,3.5955,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass EOP,VOM,2.1031,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass EOP,c_b,0.4554,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass EOP,efficiency,0.2998,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7088,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,investment,3295.7752,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass HOP,FOM,5.7785,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" -biomass HOP,VOM,2.4483,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output -biomass HOP,efficiency,1.0323,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -biomass HOP,investment,854.0249,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment -biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -biomass boiler,FOM,7.434,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" -biomass boiler,efficiency,0.84,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -biomass boiler,investment,665.9862,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" -biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP,FOM,3.5955,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass CHP,VOM,2.1031,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass CHP,c_b,0.4554,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2998,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7088,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,investment,3295.7752,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.03,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass EOP,FOM,3.5955,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass EOP,VOM,2.1031,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass EOP,c_b,0.4554,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass EOP,efficiency,0.2998,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7088,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,investment,3295.7752,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass HOP,FOM,5.7785,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" +biomass HOP,VOM,2.4483,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output +biomass HOP,efficiency,1.0323,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +biomass HOP,investment,854.0249,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment +biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime +biomass boiler,FOM,7.434,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" +biomass boiler,efficiency,0.84,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +biomass boiler,investment,665.9862,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" +biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" biomass boiler,pelletizing cost,9.0,EUR/MWh_pellets,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109506, biomass-to-methanol,C in fuel,0.4028,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,C stored,0.5972,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,CO2 stored,0.219,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.1905,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M -biomass-to-methanol,VOM,18.0816,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M +biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.1905,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M +biomass-to-methanol,VOM,18.0816,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M biomass-to-methanol,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.595,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," -biomass-to-methanol,investment,4348.8608,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment -biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.025,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2102,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central air-sourced heat pump,investment,951.3853,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" -central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" -central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M -central coal CHP,VOM,2.8698,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M -central coal CHP,c_b,0.925,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient -central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient -central coal CHP,efficiency,0.5025,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" -central coal CHP,investment,1880.2375,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment -central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime -central gas CHP,FOM,3.313,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP,VOM,4.3,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP,c_b,0.98,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.595,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," +biomass-to-methanol,investment,4348.8608,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment +biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.025,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2102,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central air-sourced heat pump,investment,951.3853,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" +central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" +central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M +central coal CHP,VOM,2.8698,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M +central coal CHP,c_b,0.925,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient +central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient +central coal CHP,efficiency,0.5025,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" +central coal CHP,investment,1880.2375,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment +central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP,FOM,3.313,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP,VOM,4.3,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP,c_b,0.98,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" central gas CHP,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat), from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP,investment,575.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas CHP,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP,investment,575.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" central gas CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.313,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.3,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP CC,c_b,0.98,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" -central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP CC,investment,575.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" -central gas boiler,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M -central gas boiler,VOM,1.05,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M -central gas boiler,efficiency,1.035,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central gas boiler,investment,55.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment -central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime -central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3733,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.1179,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.72,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,535.8,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" -central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" -central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central hydrogen CHP,investment,1200.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime -central resistive heater,FOM,1.6077,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M -central resistive heater,VOM,0.95,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M -central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central resistive heater,investment,65.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW -central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.313,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.3,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP CC,c_b,0.98,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP CC,investment,575.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas boiler,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M +central gas boiler,VOM,1.05,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M +central gas boiler,efficiency,1.035,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central gas boiler,investment,55.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment +central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime +central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3733,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.1179,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.72,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,535.8,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" +central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" +central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central hydrogen CHP,investment,1200.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +central resistive heater,FOM,1.6077,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M +central resistive heater,VOM,0.95,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M +central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central resistive heater,investment,65.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW +central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime central solar thermal,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,investment,140000.0,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8762,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.5929,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3498,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2694,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,investment,3442.0674,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8762,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.5929,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3498,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2694,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,investment,3442.0674,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" central solid biomass CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8762,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.5929,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3498,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2694,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8762,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.5929,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3498,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2694,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" central solid biomass CHP CC,investment,5308.7011,EUR/kW_e,Combination of central solid biomass CHP CC and solid biomass boiler steam, -central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8762,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.5929,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3498,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2694,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3442.0674,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central water tank storage,FOM,0.5338,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M -central water tank storage,investment,0.562,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment -central water tank storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime +central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8762,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.5929,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3498,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2694,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3442.0674,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central water tank storage,FOM,0.5338,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M +central water tank storage,investment,0.562,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment +central water tank storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,investment,67.626,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", @@ -613,23 +613,23 @@ decentral CHP,FOM,3.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,investment,1400.0,EUR/kWel,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.9785,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.9785,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M decentral air-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,895.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment -decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.6243,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,895.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment +decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.6243,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M decentral gas boiler,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.975,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" -decentral gas boiler,investment,304.4508,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment -decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler connection,investment,190.2818,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment -decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8384,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M +decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.975,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" +decentral gas boiler,investment,304.4508,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment +decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler connection,investment,190.2818,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment +decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8384,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M decentral ground-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.85,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1450.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.85,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1450.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime decentral oil boiler,FOM,2.0,%/year,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,investment,156.0141,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf) (+eigene Berechnung), from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -652,34 +652,34 @@ digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, digestible biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.39,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", digestible biomass to hydrogen,investment,3750.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture direct air capture,electricity-input,0.4,MWh_el/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","0.4 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 0.182 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019). Should already include electricity for water scrubbing and compression (high quality CO2 output)." direct air capture,heat-input,1.6,MWh_th/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","Thermal energy demand. Provided via air-sourced heat pumps. 1.6 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 1.102 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019)." -direct air capture,heat-output,1.25,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,7000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct firing gas,FOM,1.197,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.197,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.5227,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3278,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.5227,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3278,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct air capture,heat-output,1.25,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,7000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct firing gas,FOM,1.197,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.197,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.5227,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3278,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.5227,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3278,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost." direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’. direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect)." @@ -695,11 +695,11 @@ electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible P electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower. electric arc furnace,investment,1666182.3978,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’. electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime. -electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3933,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M -electric boiler steam,VOM,0.87,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M -electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" -electric boiler steam,investment,75.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment -electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime +electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3933,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M +electric boiler steam,VOM,0.87,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M +electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" +electric boiler steam,investment,75.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment +electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime electric steam cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,Guesstimate, electric steam cracker,VOM,180.0,€/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), Table 35", electric steam cracker,carbondioxide-output,0.55,t_CO2/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), ",The report also references another source with 0.76 t_CO2/t_HVC @@ -721,23 +721,23 @@ electrobiofuels,efficiency-biomass,1.32,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-hydrogen,1.1951,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-tot,0.6272,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,investment,473961.8141,EUR/kW_th,combination of BtL and electrofuels, -electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M -electrolysis,efficiency,0.264,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.264,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,investment,792.5145,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment -electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime -fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -fuel cell,investment,1200.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M +electrolysis,efficiency,0.264,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.264,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,investment,792.5145,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment +electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime +fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +fuel cell,investment,1200.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime gas,CO2 intensity,0.198,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 50 GJ/t CH4, gas,fuel,23.8481,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -gas boiler steam,FOM,3.9,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M -gas boiler steam,VOM,1.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M -gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.925,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -gas boiler steam,investment,50.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment -gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime +gas boiler steam,FOM,3.9,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M +gas boiler steam,VOM,1.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M +gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.925,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +gas boiler steam,investment,50.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment +gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenace, salt cavern (units converted)" gas storage,investment,0.0329,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)" gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime" @@ -753,12 +753,12 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,investment,2000.0,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions -home battery inverter,FOM,0.2512,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -home battery inverter,investment,303.5989,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -home battery storage,investment,264.7723,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -home battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2512,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +home battery inverter,investment,303.5989,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +home battery storage,investment,264.7723,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +home battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -771,23 +771,23 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,12.2274,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference." hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0794,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,50.955,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.5,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0929,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.23,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,990.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1115,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.23,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.625,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,825.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0794,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,50.955,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.5,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0929,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.23,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,990.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1115,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.23,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.625,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,825.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime iron ore DRI-ready,commodity,97.73,EUR/t,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://missionpossiblepartnership.org/action-sectors/steel/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","DRI ready assumes 65% iron content, requiring no additional benefication." lignite,CO2 intensity,0.4069,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.31,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Calculated based on average of listed range, i.e. (39.5+91.25) USD/kW_e/a /2 / (1.09 USD/EUR) / investment cost * 100. Note: Assume same costs as for hard coal, as cost structure is apparently comparable, see https://diglib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=6093e88b63f93&location=browse and https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ae17da3d-e8a5-4163-a3ec-2e6fb0b5677d/Projected-Costs-of-Generating-Electricity-2020.pdf . " @@ -823,21 +823,21 @@ methanolisation,heat-output,0.1,MWh_th/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carb methanolisation,hydrogen-input,1.138,MWh_H2/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf) , pg. 64.",189 kg_H2 per t_MeOH methanolisation,investment,704056.1323,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", -micro CHP,FOM,6.4286,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M -micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.604,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,investment,8716.8874,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment -micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime +micro CHP,FOM,6.4286,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M +micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.604,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,investment,8716.8874,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment +micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs." nuclear,VOM,3.6188,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260." nuclear,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. nuclear,investment,8769.6136,EUR/kW_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (8475+13925)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,lifetime,40.0,years,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.", -offwind,FOM,2.3741,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" +offwind,FOM,2.3741,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" offwind,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order, from old pypsa cost assumptions -offwind,investment,1602.3439,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" -offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] +offwind,investment,1602.3439,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" +offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] offwind-ac-connection-submarine,investment,2685.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-connection-underground,investment,1342.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-station,investment,250.0,EUR/kWel,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -851,16 +851,16 @@ offwind-float-connection-submarine,investment,2040.0,EUR/MW/km,DTU report based offwind-float-connection-underground,investment,961.1688,EUR/MW/km,Haertel 2017; average + 13% learning reduction, offwind-float-station,investment,384.4675,EUR/kWel,Haertel 2017; assuming one onshore and one offshore node + 13% learning reduction, oil,CO2 intensity,0.2571,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 44 GJ/t diesel and -CH2- approximation of diesel, -oil,FOM,2.5143,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M -oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M -oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +oil,FOM,2.5143,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M +oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M +oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" oil,fuel,50.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA WEM2017 97USD/boe = http://www.iea.org/media/weowebsite/2017/WEM_Documentation_WEO2017.pdf, from old pypsa cost assumptions -oil,investment,343.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment -oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime -onwind,FOM,1.2347,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M -onwind,VOM,1.425,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M -onwind,investment,1077.1681,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment -onwind,lifetime,28.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime +oil,investment,343.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment +oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime +onwind,FOM,1.2347,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M +onwind,VOM,1.425,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M +onwind,investment,1077.1681,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment +onwind,lifetime,28.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,investment,3312.2424,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -880,50 +880,50 @@ solar-rooftop,FOM,1.2567,%/year,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed inv solar-rooftop,discount rate,0.04,per unit,standard for decentral, from old pypsa cost assumptions solar-rooftop,investment,797.0658,EUR/kW_e,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' solar-rooftop,lifetime,37.5,years,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' -solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.3559,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop commercial,investment,651.2742,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,37.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.1576,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop residential,investment,942.8574,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,37.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility,FOM,2.1982,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility,investment,428.5154,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility,lifetime,37.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.0365,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,500.3359,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,37.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.3559,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop commercial,investment,651.2742,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,37.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.1576,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop residential,investment,942.8574,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,37.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility,FOM,2.1982,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility,investment,428.5154,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility,lifetime,37.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.0365,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,500.3359,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,37.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] solid biomass,CO2 intensity,0.3667,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 18 GJ/t_DM LHV and 50% C-content for solid biomass, solid biomass,fuel,12.0,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOWOOW1 (secondary forest residue wood chips), ENS_Ref for 2040", -solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,5.7564,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.802,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam,investment,604.5455,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime -solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,5.7564,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.802,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,604.5455,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,5.7564,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.802,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam,investment,604.5455,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,5.7564,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.802,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,604.5455,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3750.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", uranium,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -waste CHP,FOM,2.3789,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP,VOM,26.8983,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP,c_b,0.2872,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP,efficiency,0.2051,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7627,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,investment,8344.0469,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -waste CHP CC,FOM,2.3789,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP CC,VOM,26.8983,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2872,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2051,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7627,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,investment,8344.0469,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) -water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +waste CHP,FOM,2.3789,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP,VOM,26.8983,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP,c_b,0.2872,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP,efficiency,0.2051,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7627,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,investment,8344.0469,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +waste CHP CC,FOM,2.3789,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP CC,VOM,26.8983,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2872,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2051,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7627,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,investment,8344.0469,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) diff --git a/outputs/costs_2030.csv b/outputs/costs_2030.csv index a843e18e..a868744f 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2030.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2030.csv @@ -14,28 +14,28 @@ Battery electric (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY BioSNG,C in fuel,0.3402,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,C stored,0.6598,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,CO2 stored,0.2419,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BioSNG,FOM,1.6375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" -BioSNG,VOM,1.8078,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" +BioSNG,FOM,1.6375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" +BioSNG,VOM,1.8078,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" BioSNG,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -BioSNG,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" -BioSNG,investment,1701.44,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" +BioSNG,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" +BioSNG,investment,1701.44,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" BioSNG,lifetime,25.0,years,TODO,"84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Technical lifetime" BtL,C in fuel,0.2688,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,C stored,0.7312,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,CO2 stored,0.2681,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BtL,FOM,2.6667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" -BtL,VOM,1.1299,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" +BtL,FOM,2.6667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" +BtL,VOM,1.1299,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" BtL,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, BtL,efficiency,0.3833,per unit,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Electricity Output" BtL,investment,3000.0,EUR/kW_th,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Specific investment" -BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" -CCGT,FOM,3.3494,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" -CCGT,VOM,4.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" -CCGT,c_b,2.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" -CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" -CCGT,efficiency,0.58,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -CCGT,investment,830.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" -CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" +BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" +CCGT,FOM,3.3494,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" +CCGT,VOM,4.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" +CCGT,c_b,2.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" +CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" +CCGT,efficiency,0.58,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +CCGT,investment,830.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" +CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" CH4 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- CH4 (g) fill compressor station,investment,1498.9483,EUR/MW_CH4,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station cost.","Assume same ratio as between H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station, i.e. 1:19 , due to a lack of reliable numbers." CH4 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as fo FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.344,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,4.4663,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M +Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,4.4663,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M Fischer-Tropsch,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, Fischer-Tropsch,carbondioxide-input,0.326,t_CO2/MWh_FT,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), Hydrogen to Jet Fuel, Table 10 / pg. 267.","Input per 1t FT liquid fuels output, carbon efficiency increases with years (4.3, 3.9, 3.6, 3.3 t_CO2/t_FT from 2020-2050 with LHV 11.95 MWh_th/t_FT)." Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.799,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", @@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy. HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,investment,932.3337,EUR/MW/km,Härtel et al. (2017): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.008 .,Table 1 HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." -Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M -Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M Haber-Bosch,electricity-input,0.2473,MWh_el/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), table 11.",Assume 5 GJ/t_NH3 for compressors and NH3 LHV = 5.16666 MWh/t_NH3. Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.","178 kg_H2 per t_NH3, LHV for both assumed." -Haber-Bosch,investment,1379.6859,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +Haber-Bosch,investment,1379.6859,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh." HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}" @@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,85236.1065,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,33226.0,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) @@ -221,14 +220,15 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,13.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,116497.0,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" -Hydrogen-charger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" +Hydrogen-charger,investment,314443.3087,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,investment,343278.7213,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Hydrogen-nan,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Hydrogen-store,investment,4329.3505,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}" Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -259,11 +259,11 @@ LOHC transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://pap LOHC unloaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,investment,132.2635,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.","Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared. Density of loaded LOHC H18-DBT is 0.91 t/m^3, density of unloaded LOHC H0-DBT is 1.04 t/m^3 but unloading is only to 90% (depth-of-discharge), assume density via linearisation of 1.027 t/m^3." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." -Lead-Acid,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,116706.6881,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lead-Acid-nan,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lead-Acid-store,investment,290405.7211,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -286,19 +286,19 @@ Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'c Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" Liquid-Air-store,investment,144015.52,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}" Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-LFP,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-LFP-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,214189.7678,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-NMC,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-NMC-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,244164.0581,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -331,19 +331,19 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Tabl NH3 (l) transport ship,capacity,53000.0,t_NH3,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,investment,74461941.3377,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tanker, but more mature technology", -Ni-Zn,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Ni-Zn-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Ni-Zn-store,investment,242589.0145,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -OCGT,FOM,1.7795,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M -OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M -OCGT,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -OCGT,investment,435.24,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment -OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime +OCGT,FOM,1.7795,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M +OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M +OCGT,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +OCGT,investment,435.24,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment +OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -390,206 +390,206 @@ Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Tech Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.4701,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR. Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Economic analysis of hydrogen production by methane thermal decomposition (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.063), table 2.","Large scale SMR plant producing 2.5 kg/s H2 output (assuming 33.3333 MWh/t H2 LHV), with 6.9 kg/s CH4 input (feedstock) and 2 kg/s CH4 input (energy). Neglecting water consumption." -Vanadium-Redox-Flow,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-nan,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,233744.5392,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Air,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Air-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Air-store,investment,157948.5975,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Flow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Flow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,373438.7859,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Nonflow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Nonflow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,216669.4518,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind ." -air separation unit,investment,775524.2923,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime -battery inverter,FOM,0.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -battery inverter,investment,160.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -battery storage,investment,142.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +air separation unit,investment,775524.2923,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +battery inverter,FOM,0.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +battery inverter,investment,160.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +battery storage,investment,142.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, biogas,fuel,59.0,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biogas,investment,955.1865,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas,investment,955.1865,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" biogas CC,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas CC,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, -biogas CC,investment,955.1865,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" -biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,3.8282,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,investment,803.9304,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment -biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime -biogas upgrading,FOM,17.0397,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " -biogas upgrading,VOM,3.6704,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" -biogas upgrading,investment,170.2068,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" -biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" +biogas CC,investment,955.1865,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,3.8282,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,investment,803.9304,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment +biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime +biogas upgrading,FOM,17.0397,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " +biogas upgrading,VOM,3.6704,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" +biogas upgrading,investment,170.2068,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" +biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" biomass,FOM,4.5269,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,fuel,7.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,investment,2209.0,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,lifetime,30.0,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biomass CHP,FOM,3.5822,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,investment,3210.2786,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.085,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.025,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2700000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass EOP,FOM,3.5822,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,investment,3210.2786,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass HOP,FOM,5.7529,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" -biomass HOP,VOM,2.7836,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output -biomass HOP,efficiency,1.0323,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -biomass HOP,investment,832.6252,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment -biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -biomass boiler,FOM,7.4851,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" -biomass boiler,efficiency,0.86,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -biomass boiler,investment,649.2983,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" -biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP,FOM,3.5822,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,investment,3210.2786,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.085,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.025,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2700000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass EOP,FOM,3.5822,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,investment,3210.2786,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass HOP,FOM,5.7529,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" +biomass HOP,VOM,2.7836,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output +biomass HOP,efficiency,1.0323,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +biomass HOP,investment,832.6252,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment +biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime +biomass boiler,FOM,7.4851,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" +biomass boiler,efficiency,0.86,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +biomass boiler,investment,649.2983,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" +biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" biomass boiler,pelletizing cost,9.0,EUR/MWh_pellets,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109506, biomass-to-methanol,C in fuel,0.4129,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,C stored,0.5871,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,CO2 stored,0.2153,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.3333,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M -biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M +biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.3333,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M +biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M biomass-to-methanol,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.61,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," -biomass-to-methanol,investment,3106.3291,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment -biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.085,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.022,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.54,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2600000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.51,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" -central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" -central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M -central coal CHP,VOM,2.8397,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M -central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient -central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient -central coal CHP,efficiency,0.52,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" -central coal CHP,investment,1860.475,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment -central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime -central gas CHP,FOM,3.3214,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP,VOM,4.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.61,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," +biomass-to-methanol,investment,3106.3291,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment +biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.085,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.022,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.54,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2600000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.51,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" +central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" +central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M +central coal CHP,VOM,2.8397,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M +central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient +central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient +central coal CHP,efficiency,0.52,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" +central coal CHP,investment,1860.475,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment +central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP,FOM,3.3214,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP,VOM,4.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" central gas CHP,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat), from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP,investment,560.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas CHP,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP,investment,560.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" central gas CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.3214,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" -central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP CC,investment,560.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" -central gas boiler,FOM,3.8,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M -central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M -central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment -central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime -central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.394,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.2538,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.73,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,507.6,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" -central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" -central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central hydrogen CHP,investment,1100.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime -central resistive heater,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M -central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M -central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW -central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.3214,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP CC,investment,560.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas boiler,FOM,3.8,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M +central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M +central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment +central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime +central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.394,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.2538,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.73,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,507.6,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" +central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" +central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central hydrogen CHP,investment,1100.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +central resistive heater,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M +central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M +central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW +central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime central solar thermal,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,investment,140000.0,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8661,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.5843,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3506,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2699,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8245,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,investment,3349.489,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8661,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.5843,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3506,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2699,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8245,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,investment,3349.489,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" central solid biomass CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8661,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.5843,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3506,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2699,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8245,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8661,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.5843,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3506,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2699,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8245,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" central solid biomass CHP CC,investment,4921.0185,EUR/kW_e,Combination of central solid biomass CHP CC and solid biomass boiler steam, -central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8661,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.5843,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3506,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2699,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8245,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3349.489,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central water tank storage,FOM,0.551,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M -central water tank storage,investment,0.5444,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment -central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime +central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8661,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.5843,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3506,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2699,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8245,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3349.489,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central water tank storage,FOM,0.551,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M +central water tank storage,investment,0.5444,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment +central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,investment,67.626,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", @@ -613,23 +613,23 @@ decentral CHP,FOM,3.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,investment,1400.0,EUR/kWel,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.0014,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.0014,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M decentral air-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,850.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment -decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.6924,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,850.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment +decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.6924,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M decentral gas boiler,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.98,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" -decentral gas boiler,investment,296.8221,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment -decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler connection,investment,185.5138,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment -decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8223,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M +decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.98,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" +decentral gas boiler,investment,296.8221,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment +decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler connection,investment,185.5138,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment +decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8223,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M decentral ground-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1400.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1400.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime decentral oil boiler,FOM,2.0,%/year,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,investment,156.0141,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf) (+eigene Berechnung), from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -652,34 +652,34 @@ digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, digestible biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.39,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", digestible biomass to hydrogen,investment,3500.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture direct air capture,electricity-input,0.4,MWh_el/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","0.4 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 0.182 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019). Should already include electricity for water scrubbing and compression (high quality CO2 output)." direct air capture,heat-input,1.6,MWh_th/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","Thermal energy demand. Provided via air-sourced heat pumps. 1.6 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 1.102 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019)." -direct air capture,heat-output,1.0,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,6000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct firing gas,FOM,1.1818,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas,VOM,0.2775,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.1818,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.2775,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3303,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3303,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct air capture,heat-output,1.0,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,6000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct firing gas,FOM,1.1818,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas,VOM,0.2775,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.1818,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.2775,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3303,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3303,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost." direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’. direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect)." @@ -695,11 +695,11 @@ electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible P electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower. electric arc furnace,investment,1666182.3978,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’. electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime. -electric boiler steam,FOM,1.4571,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M -electric boiler steam,VOM,0.875,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M -electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" -electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment -electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime +electric boiler steam,FOM,1.4571,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M +electric boiler steam,VOM,0.875,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M +electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" +electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment +electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime electric steam cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,Guesstimate, electric steam cracker,VOM,180.0,€/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), Table 35", electric steam cracker,carbondioxide-output,0.55,t_CO2/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), ",The report also references another source with 0.76 t_CO2/t_HVC @@ -721,23 +721,23 @@ electrobiofuels,efficiency-biomass,1.3217,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-hydrogen,1.2142,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-tot,0.6328,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,investment,431201.8155,EUR/kW_th,combination of BtL and electrofuels, -electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M -electrolysis,efficiency,0.2228,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.2228,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,investment,498.1519,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment -electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime -fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -fuel cell,investment,1100.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M +electrolysis,efficiency,0.2228,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.2228,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,investment,498.1519,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment +electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime +fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +fuel cell,investment,1100.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime gas,CO2 intensity,0.198,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 50 GJ/t CH4, gas,fuel,23.8481,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -gas boiler steam,FOM,4.18,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M -gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M -gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment -gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime +gas boiler steam,FOM,4.18,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M +gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M +gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment +gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenace, salt cavern (units converted)" gas storage,investment,0.0329,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)" gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime" @@ -753,12 +753,12 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,investment,2000.0,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions -home battery inverter,FOM,0.3375,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -home battery inverter,investment,228.0597,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -home battery storage,investment,202.9025,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -home battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +home battery inverter,FOM,0.3375,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +home battery inverter,investment,228.0597,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +home battery storage,investment,202.9025,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +home battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -771,23 +771,23 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,12.2274,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference." hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1133,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,44.91,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0931,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.05,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,934.56,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1117,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,778.8,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1133,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,44.91,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0931,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.05,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,934.56,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1117,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,778.8,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime iron ore DRI-ready,commodity,97.73,EUR/t,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://missionpossiblepartnership.org/action-sectors/steel/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","DRI ready assumes 65% iron content, requiring no additional benefication." lignite,CO2 intensity,0.4069,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.31,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Calculated based on average of listed range, i.e. (39.5+91.25) USD/kW_e/a /2 / (1.09 USD/EUR) / investment cost * 100. Note: Assume same costs as for hard coal, as cost structure is apparently comparable, see https://diglib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=6093e88b63f93&location=browse and https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ae17da3d-e8a5-4163-a3ec-2e6fb0b5677d/Projected-Costs-of-Generating-Electricity-2020.pdf . " @@ -823,21 +823,21 @@ methanolisation,heat-output,0.1,MWh_th/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carb methanolisation,hydrogen-input,1.138,MWh_H2/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf) , pg. 64.",189 kg_H2 per t_MeOH methanolisation,investment,650711.2649,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", -micro CHP,FOM,6.1111,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M -micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,investment,7410.2745,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment -micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime +micro CHP,FOM,6.1111,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M +micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,investment,7410.2745,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment +micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs." nuclear,VOM,3.6188,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260." nuclear,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. nuclear,investment,8769.6136,EUR/kW_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (8475+13925)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,lifetime,40.0,years,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.", -offwind,FOM,2.3185,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" +offwind,FOM,2.3185,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" offwind,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order, from old pypsa cost assumptions -offwind,investment,1523.5503,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" -offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] +offwind,investment,1523.5503,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" +offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] offwind-ac-connection-submarine,investment,2685.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-connection-underground,investment,1342.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-station,investment,250.0,EUR/kWel,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -851,16 +851,16 @@ offwind-float-connection-submarine,investment,2040.0,EUR/MW/km,DTU report based offwind-float-connection-underground,investment,961.1688,EUR/MW/km,Haertel 2017; average + 13% learning reduction, offwind-float-station,investment,384.4675,EUR/kWel,Haertel 2017; assuming one onshore and one offshore node + 13% learning reduction, oil,CO2 intensity,0.2571,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 44 GJ/t diesel and -CH2- approximation of diesel, -oil,FOM,2.463,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M -oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M -oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +oil,FOM,2.463,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M +oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M +oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" oil,fuel,50.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA WEM2017 97USD/boe = http://www.iea.org/media/weowebsite/2017/WEM_Documentation_WEO2017.pdf, from old pypsa cost assumptions -oil,investment,343.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment -oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime -onwind,FOM,1.2167,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M -onwind,VOM,1.35,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M -onwind,investment,1035.5613,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment -onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime +oil,investment,343.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment +oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime +onwind,FOM,1.2167,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M +onwind,VOM,1.35,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M +onwind,investment,1035.5613,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment +onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,investment,3312.2424,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -880,50 +880,50 @@ solar-rooftop,FOM,1.4234,%/year,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed inv solar-rooftop,discount rate,0.04,per unit,standard for decentral, from old pypsa cost assumptions solar-rooftop,investment,636.6622,EUR/kW_e,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' solar-rooftop,lifetime,40.0,years,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' -solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.573,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop commercial,investment,512.4687,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.2737,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop residential,investment,760.8557,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility,FOM,2.4757,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility,investment,347.5572,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.2884,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,411.6278,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.573,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop commercial,investment,512.4687,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.2737,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop residential,investment,760.8557,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility,FOM,2.4757,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility,investment,347.5572,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.2884,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,411.6278,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] solid biomass,CO2 intensity,0.3667,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 18 GJ/t_DM LHV and 50% C-content for solid biomass, solid biomass,fuel,12.0,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOWOOW1 (secondary forest residue wood chips), ENS_Ref for 2040", -solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.0754,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.825,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam,investment,590.9091,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime -solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.0754,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.825,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,590.9091,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.0754,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.825,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam,investment,590.9091,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.0754,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.825,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,590.9091,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3500.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", uranium,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -waste CHP,FOM,2.355,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP,VOM,26.5199,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP,c_b,0.2918,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP,efficiency,0.2081,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7619,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,investment,8110.3941,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -waste CHP CC,FOM,2.355,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP CC,VOM,26.5199,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2918,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2081,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7619,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,investment,8110.3941,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) -water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +waste CHP,FOM,2.355,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP,VOM,26.5199,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP,c_b,0.2918,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP,efficiency,0.2081,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7619,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,investment,8110.3941,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +waste CHP CC,FOM,2.355,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP CC,VOM,26.5199,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2918,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2081,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7619,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,investment,8110.3941,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) diff --git a/outputs/costs_2035.csv b/outputs/costs_2035.csv index 2d93c5a5..8093ccc0 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2035.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2035.csv @@ -14,28 +14,28 @@ Battery electric (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY BioSNG,C in fuel,0.3496,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,C stored,0.6504,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,CO2 stored,0.2385,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BioSNG,FOM,1.6302,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" -BioSNG,VOM,1.7812,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" +BioSNG,FOM,1.6302,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" +BioSNG,VOM,1.7812,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" BioSNG,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -BioSNG,efficiency,0.6475,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" -BioSNG,investment,1674.855,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" +BioSNG,efficiency,0.6475,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" +BioSNG,investment,1674.855,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" BioSNG,lifetime,25.0,years,TODO,"84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Technical lifetime" BtL,C in fuel,0.2805,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,C stored,0.7195,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,CO2 stored,0.2638,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BtL,FOM,2.7484,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" -BtL,VOM,1.1305,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" +BtL,FOM,2.7484,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" +BtL,VOM,1.1305,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" BtL,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, BtL,efficiency,0.4,per unit,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Electricity Output" BtL,investment,2750.0,EUR/kW_th,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Specific investment" -BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" -CCGT,FOM,3.3252,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" -CCGT,VOM,4.15,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" -CCGT,c_b,2.05,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" -CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" -CCGT,efficiency,0.585,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -CCGT,investment,822.5,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" -CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" +BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" +CCGT,FOM,3.3252,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" +CCGT,VOM,4.15,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" +CCGT,c_b,2.05,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" +CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" +CCGT,efficiency,0.585,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +CCGT,investment,822.5,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" +CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" CH4 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- CH4 (g) fill compressor station,investment,1498.9483,EUR/MW_CH4,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station cost.","Assume same ratio as between H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station, i.e. 1:19 , due to a lack of reliable numbers." CH4 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as fo FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.344,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,3.9346,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M +Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,3.9346,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M Fischer-Tropsch,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, Fischer-Tropsch,carbondioxide-input,0.3135,t_CO2/MWh_FT,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), Hydrogen to Jet Fuel, Table 10 / pg. 267.","Input per 1t FT liquid fuels output, carbon efficiency increases with years (4.3, 3.9, 3.6, 3.3 t_CO2/t_FT from 2020-2050 with LHV 11.95 MWh_th/t_FT)." Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.799,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", @@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy. HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,investment,932.3337,EUR/MW/km,Härtel et al. (2017): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.008 .,Table 1 HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." -Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M -Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M Haber-Bosch,electricity-input,0.2473,MWh_el/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), table 11.",Assume 5 GJ/t_NH3 for compressors and NH3 LHV = 5.16666 MWh/t_NH3. Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.","178 kg_H2 per t_NH3, LHV for both assumed." -Haber-Bosch,investment,1254.0669,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +Haber-Bosch,investment,1254.0669,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh." HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}" @@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,85236.1065,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,30720.0,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) @@ -221,14 +220,15 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,13.0,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,117600.0,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" -Hydrogen-charger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" +Hydrogen-charger,investment,314443.3087,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,investment,343278.7213,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Hydrogen-nan,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Hydrogen-store,investment,4329.3505,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}" Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -259,11 +259,11 @@ LOHC transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://pap LOHC unloaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,investment,132.2635,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.","Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared. Density of loaded LOHC H18-DBT is 0.91 t/m^3, density of unloaded LOHC H0-DBT is 1.04 t/m^3 but unloading is only to 90% (depth-of-discharge), assume density via linearisation of 1.027 t/m^3." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." -Lead-Acid,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,116706.6881,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lead-Acid-nan,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lead-Acid-store,investment,290405.7211,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -286,19 +286,19 @@ Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'c Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" Liquid-Air-store,investment,144015.52,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}" Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-LFP,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-LFP-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,214189.7678,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-NMC,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-NMC-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,244164.0581,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -331,19 +331,19 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Tabl NH3 (l) transport ship,capacity,53000.0,t_NH3,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,investment,74461941.3377,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tanker, but more mature technology", -Ni-Zn,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Ni-Zn-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Ni-Zn-store,investment,242589.0145,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -OCGT,FOM,1.785,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M -OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M -OCGT,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -OCGT,investment,429.39,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment -OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime +OCGT,FOM,1.785,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M +OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M +OCGT,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +OCGT,investment,429.39,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment +OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -390,206 +390,206 @@ Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Tech Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.4701,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR. Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Economic analysis of hydrogen production by methane thermal decomposition (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.063), table 2.","Large scale SMR plant producing 2.5 kg/s H2 output (assuming 33.3333 MWh/t H2 LHV), with 6.9 kg/s CH4 input (feedstock) and 2 kg/s CH4 input (energy). Neglecting water consumption." -Vanadium-Redox-Flow,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-nan,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,233744.5392,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Air,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Air-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Air-store,investment,157948.5975,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Flow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Flow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,373438.7859,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Nonflow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Nonflow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,216669.4518,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind ." -air separation unit,investment,704913.6037,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime -battery inverter,FOM,0.4154,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -battery inverter,investment,130.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -battery storage,investment,118.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -battery storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +air separation unit,investment,704913.6037,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +battery inverter,FOM,0.4154,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +battery inverter,investment,130.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +battery storage,investment,118.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +battery storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, biogas,fuel,59.0,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biogas,investment,938.7177,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas,investment,938.7177,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" biogas CC,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas CC,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, -biogas CC,investment,938.7177,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" -biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,3.4454,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,investment,723.5374,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment -biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime -biogas upgrading,FOM,17.3842,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " -biogas upgrading,VOM,3.373,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" -biogas upgrading,investment,153.313,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" -biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" +biogas CC,investment,938.7177,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,3.4454,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,investment,723.5374,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment +biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime +biogas upgrading,FOM,17.3842,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " +biogas upgrading,VOM,3.373,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" +biogas upgrading,investment,153.313,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" +biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" biomass,FOM,4.5269,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,fuel,7.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,investment,2209.0,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,lifetime,30.0,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biomass CHP,FOM,3.5717,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,investment,3135.7695,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.925,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.135,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.024,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2550000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass EOP,FOM,3.5717,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,investment,3135.7695,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass HOP,FOM,5.7396,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" -biomass HOP,VOM,2.8675,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output -biomass HOP,efficiency,0.7818,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -biomass HOP,investment,812.7693,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment -biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -biomass boiler,FOM,7.4981,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" -biomass boiler,efficiency,0.865,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -biomass boiler,investment,633.8142,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" -biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP,FOM,3.5717,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,investment,3135.7695,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.925,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.135,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.024,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2550000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass EOP,FOM,3.5717,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,investment,3135.7695,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass HOP,FOM,5.7396,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" +biomass HOP,VOM,2.8675,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output +biomass HOP,efficiency,0.7818,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +biomass HOP,investment,812.7693,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment +biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime +biomass boiler,FOM,7.4981,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" +biomass boiler,efficiency,0.865,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +biomass boiler,investment,633.8142,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" +biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" biomass boiler,pelletizing cost,9.0,EUR/MWh_pellets,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109506, biomass-to-methanol,C in fuel,0.4197,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,C stored,0.5803,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,CO2 stored,0.2128,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.5331,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M -biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M +biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.5331,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M +biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M biomass-to-methanol,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.62,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," -biomass-to-methanol,investment,2681.013,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment -biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.925,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.135,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.021,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.51,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.35,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.625,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" -central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" -central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M -central coal CHP,VOM,2.8104,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M -central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient -central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient -central coal CHP,efficiency,0.5238,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" -central coal CHP,investment,1841.3248,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment -central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime -central gas CHP,FOM,3.3545,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP,VOM,4.15,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.62,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," +biomass-to-methanol,investment,2681.013,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment +biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.925,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.135,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.021,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.51,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.35,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.625,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" +central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" +central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M +central coal CHP,VOM,2.8104,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M +central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient +central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient +central coal CHP,efficiency,0.5238,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" +central coal CHP,investment,1841.3248,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment +central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP,FOM,3.3545,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP,VOM,4.15,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" central gas CHP,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat), from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP,investment,550.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas CHP,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP,investment,550.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" central gas CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.3545,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.15,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" -central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP CC,investment,550.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" -central gas boiler,FOM,3.7,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M -central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M -central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment -central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime -central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4041,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.2975,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.735,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,494.91,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" -central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" -central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central hydrogen CHP,investment,1025.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime -central resistive heater,FOM,1.6583,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M -central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M -central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW -central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.3545,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.15,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP CC,investment,550.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas boiler,FOM,3.7,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M +central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M +central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment +central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime +central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4041,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.2975,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.735,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,494.91,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" +central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" +central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central hydrogen CHP,investment,1025.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +central resistive heater,FOM,1.6583,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M +central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M +central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW +central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime central solar thermal,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,investment,140000.0,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8627,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.6051,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3485,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2687,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8257,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,investment,3301.1043,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8627,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.6051,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3485,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2687,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8257,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,investment,3301.1043,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" central solid biomass CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8627,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.6051,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3485,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2687,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8257,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8627,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.6051,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3485,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2687,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8257,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" central solid biomass CHP CC,investment,4783.0021,EUR/kW_e,Combination of central solid biomass CHP CC and solid biomass boiler steam, -central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8627,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.6051,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3485,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2687,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8257,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3301.1043,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central water tank storage,FOM,0.5714,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M -central water tank storage,investment,0.525,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment -central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime +central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8627,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.6051,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3485,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2687,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8257,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3301.1043,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central water tank storage,FOM,0.5714,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M +central water tank storage,investment,0.525,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment +central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,investment,67.626,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", @@ -613,23 +613,23 @@ decentral CHP,FOM,3.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,investment,1400.0,EUR/kWel,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.0335,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.0335,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M decentral air-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.65,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,827.5,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment -decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.7009,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.65,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,827.5,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment +decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.7009,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M decentral gas boiler,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.9825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" -decentral gas boiler,investment,289.7436,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment -decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler connection,investment,181.0898,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment -decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8594,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M +decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.9825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" +decentral gas boiler,investment,289.7436,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment +decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler connection,investment,181.0898,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment +decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8594,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M decentral ground-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.9375,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1350.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.9375,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1350.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime decentral oil boiler,FOM,2.0,%/year,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,investment,156.0141,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf) (+eigene Berechnung), from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -652,34 +652,34 @@ digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, digestible biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.39,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", digestible biomass to hydrogen,investment,3250.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture direct air capture,electricity-input,0.4,MWh_el/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","0.4 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 0.182 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019). Should already include electricity for water scrubbing and compression (high quality CO2 output)." direct air capture,heat-input,1.6,MWh_th/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","Thermal energy demand. Provided via air-sourced heat pumps. 1.6 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 1.102 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019)." -direct air capture,heat-output,0.875,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,5500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct firing gas,FOM,1.1667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas,VOM,0.2788,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.1667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.2788,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.4773,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3316,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.4773,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3316,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct air capture,heat-output,0.875,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,5500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct firing gas,FOM,1.1667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas,VOM,0.2788,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.1667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.2788,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.4773,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3316,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.4773,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3316,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost." direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’. direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect)." @@ -695,11 +695,11 @@ electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible P electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower. electric arc furnace,investment,1666182.3978,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’. electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime. -electric boiler steam,FOM,1.4214,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M -electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8275,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M -electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" -electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment -electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime +electric boiler steam,FOM,1.4214,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M +electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8275,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M +electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" +electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment +electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime electric steam cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,Guesstimate, electric steam cracker,VOM,180.0,€/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), Table 35", electric steam cracker,carbondioxide-output,0.55,t_CO2/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), ",The report also references another source with 0.76 t_CO2/t_HVC @@ -721,23 +721,23 @@ electrobiofuels,efficiency-biomass,1.3233,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-hydrogen,1.2339,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-tot,0.6385,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,investment,396566.0023,EUR/kW_th,combination of BtL and electrofuels, -electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M -electrolysis,efficiency,0.2039,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.2039,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,investment,441.5438,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment -electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime -fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -fuel cell,investment,1025.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M +electrolysis,efficiency,0.2039,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.2039,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,investment,441.5438,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment +electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime +fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +fuel cell,investment,1025.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime gas,CO2 intensity,0.198,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 50 GJ/t CH4, gas,fuel,23.8481,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -gas boiler steam,FOM,4.07,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M -gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M -gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment -gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime +gas boiler steam,FOM,4.07,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M +gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M +gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment +gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenace, salt cavern (units converted)" gas storage,investment,0.0329,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)" gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime" @@ -753,12 +753,12 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,investment,2000.0,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions -home battery inverter,FOM,0.4154,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -home battery inverter,investment,186.5741,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -home battery storage,investment,169.6831,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -home battery storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +home battery inverter,FOM,0.4154,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +home battery inverter,investment,186.5741,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +home battery storage,investment,169.6831,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +home battery storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -771,23 +771,23 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,12.2274,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference." hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.3897,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,35.9802,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.75,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0922,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.21,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.1,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,905.28,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1107,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.21,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,754.4,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.3897,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,35.9802,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.75,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0922,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.21,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.1,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,905.28,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1107,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.21,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,754.4,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime iron ore DRI-ready,commodity,97.73,EUR/t,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://missionpossiblepartnership.org/action-sectors/steel/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","DRI ready assumes 65% iron content, requiring no additional benefication." lignite,CO2 intensity,0.4069,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.31,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Calculated based on average of listed range, i.e. (39.5+91.25) USD/kW_e/a /2 / (1.09 USD/EUR) / investment cost * 100. Note: Assume same costs as for hard coal, as cost structure is apparently comparable, see https://diglib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=6093e88b63f93&location=browse and https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ae17da3d-e8a5-4163-a3ec-2e6fb0b5677d/Projected-Costs-of-Generating-Electricity-2020.pdf . " @@ -823,21 +823,21 @@ methanolisation,heat-output,0.1,MWh_th/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carb methanolisation,hydrogen-input,1.138,MWh_H2/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf) , pg. 64.",189 kg_H2 per t_MeOH methanolisation,investment,608179.5463,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", -micro CHP,FOM,6.1765,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M -micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,investment,6998.5925,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment -micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime +micro CHP,FOM,6.1765,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M +micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,investment,6998.5925,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment +micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs." nuclear,VOM,3.6188,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260." nuclear,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. nuclear,investment,8769.6136,EUR/kW_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (8475+13925)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,lifetime,40.0,years,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.", -offwind,FOM,2.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" +offwind,FOM,2.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" offwind,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order, from old pypsa cost assumptions -offwind,investment,1469.3167,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" -offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] +offwind,investment,1469.3167,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" +offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] offwind-ac-connection-submarine,investment,2685.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-connection-underground,investment,1342.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-station,investment,250.0,EUR/kWel,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -851,16 +851,16 @@ offwind-float-connection-submarine,investment,2040.0,EUR/MW/km,DTU report based offwind-float-connection-underground,investment,961.1688,EUR/MW/km,Haertel 2017; average + 13% learning reduction, offwind-float-station,investment,384.4675,EUR/kWel,Haertel 2017; assuming one onshore and one offshore node + 13% learning reduction, oil,CO2 intensity,0.2571,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 44 GJ/t diesel and -CH2- approximation of diesel, -oil,FOM,2.4498,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M -oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M -oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +oil,FOM,2.4498,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M +oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M +oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" oil,fuel,50.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA WEM2017 97USD/boe = http://www.iea.org/media/weowebsite/2017/WEM_Documentation_WEO2017.pdf, from old pypsa cost assumptions -oil,investment,341.25,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment -oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime -onwind,FOM,1.2017,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M -onwind,VOM,1.296,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M -onwind,investment,1006.5633,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment -onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime +oil,investment,341.25,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment +oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime +onwind,FOM,1.2017,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M +onwind,VOM,1.296,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M +onwind,investment,1006.5633,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment +onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,investment,3312.2424,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -880,50 +880,50 @@ solar-rooftop,FOM,1.4828,%/year,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed inv solar-rooftop,discount rate,0.04,per unit,standard for decentral, from old pypsa cost assumptions solar-rooftop,investment,580.9113,EUR/kW_e,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' solar-rooftop,lifetime,40.0,years,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' -solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.6467,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop commercial,investment,464.7861,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.3189,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop residential,investment,697.0365,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility,FOM,2.498,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility,investment,319.069,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.3606,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,379.8551,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.6467,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop commercial,investment,464.7861,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.3189,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop residential,investment,697.0365,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility,FOM,2.498,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility,investment,319.069,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.3606,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,379.8551,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] solid biomass,CO2 intensity,0.3667,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 18 GJ/t_DM LHV and 50% C-content for solid biomass, solid biomass,fuel,12.0,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOWOOW1 (secondary forest residue wood chips), ENS_Ref for 2040", -solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.1236,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.8365,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam,investment,577.2727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime -solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.1236,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.8365,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,577.2727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.1236,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.8365,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam,investment,577.2727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.1236,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.8365,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,577.2727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3250.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", uranium,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -waste CHP,FOM,2.3408,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP,VOM,26.2744,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP,c_b,0.2947,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP,efficiency,0.2102,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,investment,7850.0172,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -waste CHP CC,FOM,2.3408,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP CC,VOM,26.2744,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2947,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2102,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,investment,7850.0172,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) -water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +waste CHP,FOM,2.3408,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP,VOM,26.2744,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP,c_b,0.2947,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP,efficiency,0.2102,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,investment,7850.0172,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +waste CHP CC,FOM,2.3408,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP CC,VOM,26.2744,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2947,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2102,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,investment,7850.0172,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) diff --git a/outputs/costs_2040.csv b/outputs/costs_2040.csv index 79d5bfc2..0de71d62 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2040.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2040.csv @@ -14,28 +14,28 @@ Battery electric (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY BioSNG,C in fuel,0.3591,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,C stored,0.6409,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,CO2 stored,0.235,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BioSNG,FOM,1.6226,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" -BioSNG,VOM,1.7546,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" +BioSNG,FOM,1.6226,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" +BioSNG,VOM,1.7546,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" BioSNG,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -BioSNG,efficiency,0.665,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" -BioSNG,investment,1648.27,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" +BioSNG,efficiency,0.665,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" +BioSNG,investment,1648.27,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" BioSNG,lifetime,25.0,years,TODO,"84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Technical lifetime" BtL,C in fuel,0.2922,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,C stored,0.7078,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,CO2 stored,0.2595,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BtL,FOM,2.8364,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" -BtL,VOM,1.1311,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" +BtL,FOM,2.8364,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" +BtL,VOM,1.1311,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" BtL,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, BtL,efficiency,0.4167,per unit,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Electricity Output" BtL,investment,2500.0,EUR/kW_th,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Specific investment" -BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" -CCGT,FOM,3.3006,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" -CCGT,VOM,4.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" -CCGT,c_b,2.1,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" -CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" -CCGT,efficiency,0.59,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -CCGT,investment,815.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" -CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" +BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" +CCGT,FOM,3.3006,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" +CCGT,VOM,4.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" +CCGT,c_b,2.1,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" +CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" +CCGT,efficiency,0.59,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +CCGT,investment,815.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" +CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" CH4 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- CH4 (g) fill compressor station,investment,1498.9483,EUR/MW_CH4,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station cost.","Assume same ratio as between H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station, i.e. 1:19 , due to a lack of reliable numbers." CH4 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as fo FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.344,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,3.4029,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M +Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,3.4029,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M Fischer-Tropsch,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, Fischer-Tropsch,carbondioxide-input,0.301,t_CO2/MWh_FT,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), Hydrogen to Jet Fuel, Table 10 / pg. 267.","Input per 1t FT liquid fuels output, carbon efficiency increases with years (4.3, 3.9, 3.6, 3.3 t_CO2/t_FT from 2020-2050 with LHV 11.95 MWh_th/t_FT)." Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.799,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", @@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy. HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,investment,932.3337,EUR/MW/km,Härtel et al. (2017): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.008 .,Table 1 HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." -Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M -Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M Haber-Bosch,electricity-input,0.2473,MWh_el/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), table 11.",Assume 5 GJ/t_NH3 for compressors and NH3 LHV = 5.16666 MWh/t_NH3. Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.","178 kg_H2 per t_NH3, LHV for both assumed." -Haber-Bosch,investment,1128.448,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +Haber-Bosch,investment,1128.448,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh." HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}" @@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,85236.1065,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,29440.0,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) @@ -221,14 +220,15 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.7,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,120177.0,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" -Hydrogen-charger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" +Hydrogen-charger,investment,314443.3087,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,investment,343278.7213,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Hydrogen-nan,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Hydrogen-store,investment,4329.3505,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}" Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -259,11 +259,11 @@ LOHC transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://pap LOHC unloaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,investment,132.2635,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.","Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared. Density of loaded LOHC H18-DBT is 0.91 t/m^3, density of unloaded LOHC H0-DBT is 1.04 t/m^3 but unloading is only to 90% (depth-of-discharge), assume density via linearisation of 1.027 t/m^3." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." -Lead-Acid,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,116706.6881,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lead-Acid-nan,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lead-Acid-store,investment,290405.7211,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -286,19 +286,19 @@ Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'c Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" Liquid-Air-store,investment,144015.52,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}" Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-LFP,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-LFP-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,214189.7678,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-NMC,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-NMC-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,244164.0581,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -331,19 +331,19 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Tabl NH3 (l) transport ship,capacity,53000.0,t_NH3,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,investment,74461941.3377,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tanker, but more mature technology", -Ni-Zn,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Ni-Zn-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Ni-Zn-store,investment,242589.0145,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -OCGT,FOM,1.7906,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M -OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M -OCGT,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -OCGT,investment,423.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment -OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime +OCGT,FOM,1.7906,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M +OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M +OCGT,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +OCGT,investment,423.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment +OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -390,206 +390,206 @@ Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Tech Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.4701,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR. Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Economic analysis of hydrogen production by methane thermal decomposition (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.063), table 2.","Large scale SMR plant producing 2.5 kg/s H2 output (assuming 33.3333 MWh/t H2 LHV), with 6.9 kg/s CH4 input (feedstock) and 2 kg/s CH4 input (energy). Neglecting water consumption." -Vanadium-Redox-Flow,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-nan,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,233744.5392,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Air,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Air-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Air-store,investment,157948.5975,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Flow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Flow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,373438.7859,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Nonflow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Nonflow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,216669.4518,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind ." -air separation unit,investment,634302.9151,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime -battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -battery inverter,investment,100.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -battery storage,investment,94.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +air separation unit,investment,634302.9151,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +battery inverter,investment,100.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +battery storage,investment,94.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, biogas,fuel,59.0,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biogas,investment,922.249,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas,investment,922.249,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" biogas CC,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas CC,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, -biogas CC,investment,922.249,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" -biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,3.0626,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,investment,643.1443,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment -biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime -biogas upgrading,FOM,17.8139,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " -biogas upgrading,VOM,3.0755,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" -biogas upgrading,investment,136.4191,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" -biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" +biogas CC,investment,922.249,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,3.0626,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,investment,643.1443,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment +biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime +biogas upgrading,FOM,17.8139,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " +biogas upgrading,VOM,3.0755,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" +biogas upgrading,investment,136.4191,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" +biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" biomass,FOM,4.5269,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,fuel,7.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,investment,2209.0,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,lifetime,30.0,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biomass CHP,FOM,3.5606,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,investment,3061.2605,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.023,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass EOP,FOM,3.5606,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,investment,3061.2605,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass HOP,FOM,5.7257,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" -biomass HOP,VOM,2.9513,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output -biomass HOP,efficiency,0.5312,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -biomass HOP,investment,792.9134,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment -biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -biomass boiler,FOM,7.5118,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" -biomass boiler,efficiency,0.87,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -biomass boiler,investment,618.3302,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" -biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP,FOM,3.5606,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,investment,3061.2605,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.023,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass EOP,FOM,3.5606,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,investment,3061.2605,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass HOP,FOM,5.7257,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" +biomass HOP,VOM,2.9513,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output +biomass HOP,efficiency,0.5312,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +biomass HOP,investment,792.9134,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment +biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime +biomass boiler,FOM,7.5118,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" +biomass boiler,efficiency,0.87,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +biomass boiler,investment,618.3302,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" +biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" biomass boiler,pelletizing cost,9.0,EUR/MWh_pellets,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109506, biomass-to-methanol,C in fuel,0.4265,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,C stored,0.5735,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,CO2 stored,0.2103,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.8083,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M -biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M +biomass-to-methanol,FOM,1.8083,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M +biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M biomass-to-methanol,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," -biomass-to-methanol,investment,2255.697,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment -biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.65,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" -central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" -central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M -central coal CHP,VOM,2.7812,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M -central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient -central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient -central coal CHP,efficiency,0.5275,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" -central coal CHP,investment,1822.1747,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment -central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime -central gas CHP,FOM,3.3889,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP,VOM,4.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," +biomass-to-methanol,investment,2255.697,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment +biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.65,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" +central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" +central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M +central coal CHP,VOM,2.7812,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M +central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient +central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient +central coal CHP,efficiency,0.5275,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" +central coal CHP,investment,1822.1747,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment +central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP,FOM,3.3889,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP,VOM,4.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" central gas CHP,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat), from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP,investment,540.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas CHP,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP,investment,540.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" central gas CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.3889,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" -central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP CC,investment,540.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" -central gas boiler,FOM,3.6,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M -central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M -central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment -central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime -central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4147,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.3411,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.74,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,482.22,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" -central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" -central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central hydrogen CHP,investment,950.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime -central resistive heater,FOM,1.6167,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M -central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M -central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW -central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.3889,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP CC,investment,540.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas boiler,FOM,3.6,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M +central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M +central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment +central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime +central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4147,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.3411,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.74,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,482.22,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" +central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" +central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central hydrogen CHP,investment,950.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +central resistive heater,FOM,1.6167,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M +central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M +central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW +central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime central solar thermal,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,investment,140000.0,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8591,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.626,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3465,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2675,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8269,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,investment,3252.7197,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8591,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.626,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3465,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2675,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8269,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,investment,3252.7197,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" central solid biomass CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8591,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.626,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3465,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2675,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8269,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8591,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.626,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3465,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2675,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8269,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" central solid biomass CHP CC,investment,4646.9979,EUR/kW_e,Combination of central solid biomass CHP CC and solid biomass boiler steam, -central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8591,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.626,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3465,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2675,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8269,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3252.7197,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central water tank storage,FOM,0.5934,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M -central water tank storage,investment,0.5056,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment -central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime +central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8591,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.626,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3465,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2675,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8269,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3252.7197,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central water tank storage,FOM,0.5934,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M +central water tank storage,investment,0.5056,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment +central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,investment,67.626,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", @@ -613,23 +613,23 @@ decentral CHP,FOM,3.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,investment,1400.0,EUR/kWel,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.0674,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.0674,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M decentral air-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,805.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment -decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.7099,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,805.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment +decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.7099,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M decentral gas boiler,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.985,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" -decentral gas boiler,investment,282.6652,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment -decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler connection,investment,176.6658,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment -decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8994,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M +decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.985,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" +decentral gas boiler,investment,282.6652,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment +decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler connection,investment,176.6658,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment +decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.8994,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M decentral ground-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.975,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1300.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.975,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1300.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime decentral oil boiler,FOM,2.0,%/year,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,investment,156.0141,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf) (+eigene Berechnung), from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -652,34 +652,34 @@ digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, digestible biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.39,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", digestible biomass to hydrogen,investment,3000.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture direct air capture,electricity-input,0.4,MWh_el/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","0.4 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 0.182 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019). Should already include electricity for water scrubbing and compression (high quality CO2 output)." direct air capture,heat-input,1.6,MWh_th/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","Thermal energy demand. Provided via air-sourced heat pumps. 1.6 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 1.102 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019)." -direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,5000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct firing gas,FOM,1.1515,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.1515,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.4545,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.4545,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,5000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct firing gas,FOM,1.1515,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.1515,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.4545,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.4545,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost." direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’. direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect)." @@ -695,11 +695,11 @@ electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible P electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower. electric arc furnace,investment,1666182.3978,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’. electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime. -electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M -electric boiler steam,VOM,0.78,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M -electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" -electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment -electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime +electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M +electric boiler steam,VOM,0.78,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M +electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" +electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment +electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime electric steam cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,Guesstimate, electric steam cracker,VOM,180.0,€/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), Table 35", electric steam cracker,carbondioxide-output,0.55,t_CO2/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), ",The report also references another source with 0.76 t_CO2/t_HVC @@ -721,23 +721,23 @@ electrobiofuels,efficiency-biomass,1.325,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-hydrogen,1.2543,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-tot,0.6443,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,investment,362825.0124,EUR/kW_th,combination of BtL and electrofuels, -electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M -electrolysis,efficiency,0.1849,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.1849,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,investment,384.9356,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment -electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime -fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -fuel cell,investment,950.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M +electrolysis,efficiency,0.1849,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.1849,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,investment,384.9356,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment +electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime +fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +fuel cell,investment,950.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime gas,CO2 intensity,0.198,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 50 GJ/t CH4, gas,fuel,23.8481,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -gas boiler steam,FOM,3.96,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M -gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M -gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment -gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime +gas boiler steam,FOM,3.96,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M +gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M +gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment +gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenace, salt cavern (units converted)" gas storage,investment,0.0329,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)" gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime" @@ -753,12 +753,12 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,investment,2000.0,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions -home battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -home battery inverter,investment,144.5652,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -home battery storage,investment,136.1652,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +home battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +home battery inverter,investment,144.5652,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +home battery storage,investment,136.1652,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -771,23 +771,23 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,12.2274,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference." hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.8484,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,27.0504,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.5,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0913,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.22,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.15,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,876.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1096,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.22,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,730.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.8484,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,27.0504,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.5,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0913,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.22,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.15,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,876.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1096,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.22,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,730.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime iron ore DRI-ready,commodity,97.73,EUR/t,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://missionpossiblepartnership.org/action-sectors/steel/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","DRI ready assumes 65% iron content, requiring no additional benefication." lignite,CO2 intensity,0.4069,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.31,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Calculated based on average of listed range, i.e. (39.5+91.25) USD/kW_e/a /2 / (1.09 USD/EUR) / investment cost * 100. Note: Assume same costs as for hard coal, as cost structure is apparently comparable, see https://diglib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=6093e88b63f93&location=browse and https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ae17da3d-e8a5-4163-a3ec-2e6fb0b5677d/Projected-Costs-of-Generating-Electricity-2020.pdf . " @@ -823,21 +823,21 @@ methanolisation,heat-output,0.1,MWh_th/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carb methanolisation,hydrogen-input,1.138,MWh_H2/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf) , pg. 64.",189 kg_H2 per t_MeOH methanolisation,investment,565647.8278,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", -micro CHP,FOM,6.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M -micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,investment,6586.9106,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment -micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime +micro CHP,FOM,6.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M +micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,investment,6586.9106,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment +micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs." nuclear,VOM,3.6188,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260." nuclear,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. nuclear,investment,8769.6136,EUR/kW_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (8475+13925)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,lifetime,40.0,years,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.", -offwind,FOM,2.1762,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" +offwind,FOM,2.1762,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" offwind,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order, from old pypsa cost assumptions -offwind,investment,1415.0831,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" -offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] +offwind,investment,1415.0831,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" +offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] offwind-ac-connection-submarine,investment,2685.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-connection-underground,investment,1342.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-station,investment,250.0,EUR/kWel,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -851,16 +851,16 @@ offwind-float-connection-submarine,investment,2040.0,EUR/MW/km,DTU report based offwind-float-connection-underground,investment,961.1688,EUR/MW/km,Haertel 2017; average + 13% learning reduction, offwind-float-station,investment,384.4675,EUR/kWel,Haertel 2017; assuming one onshore and one offshore node + 13% learning reduction, oil,CO2 intensity,0.2571,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 44 GJ/t diesel and -CH2- approximation of diesel, -oil,FOM,2.4365,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M -oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M -oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +oil,FOM,2.4365,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M +oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M +oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" oil,fuel,50.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA WEM2017 97USD/boe = http://www.iea.org/media/weowebsite/2017/WEM_Documentation_WEO2017.pdf, from old pypsa cost assumptions -oil,investment,339.5,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment -oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime -onwind,FOM,1.1858,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M -onwind,VOM,1.242,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M -onwind,investment,977.5652,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment -onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime +oil,investment,339.5,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment +oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime +onwind,FOM,1.1858,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M +onwind,VOM,1.242,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M +onwind,investment,977.5652,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment +onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,investment,3312.2424,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -880,50 +880,50 @@ solar-rooftop,FOM,1.5552,%/year,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed inv solar-rooftop,discount rate,0.04,per unit,standard for decentral, from old pypsa cost assumptions solar-rooftop,investment,525.1604,EUR/kW_e,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' solar-rooftop,lifetime,40.0,years,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' -solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.7372,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop commercial,investment,417.1035,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.3731,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop residential,investment,633.2174,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility,FOM,2.5247,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility,investment,290.5808,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.4459,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,348.0825,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.7372,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop commercial,investment,417.1035,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.3731,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop residential,investment,633.2174,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility,FOM,2.5247,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility,investment,290.5808,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.4459,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,348.0825,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] solid biomass,CO2 intensity,0.3667,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 18 GJ/t_DM LHV and 50% C-content for solid biomass, solid biomass,fuel,12.0,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOWOOW1 (secondary forest residue wood chips), ENS_Ref for 2040", -solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.1742,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam,investment,563.6364,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime -solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.1742,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,563.6364,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.1742,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam,investment,563.6364,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.1742,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,563.6364,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3000.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", uranium,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -waste CHP,FOM,2.3255,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP,VOM,26.0289,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP,c_b,0.2976,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP,efficiency,0.2123,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7622,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,investment,7589.6404,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -waste CHP CC,FOM,2.3255,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP CC,VOM,26.0289,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2976,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2123,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7622,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,investment,7589.6404,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) -water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +waste CHP,FOM,2.3255,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP,VOM,26.0289,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP,c_b,0.2976,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP,efficiency,0.2123,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7622,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,investment,7589.6404,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +waste CHP CC,FOM,2.3255,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP CC,VOM,26.0289,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP CC,c_b,0.2976,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2123,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7622,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,investment,7589.6404,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) diff --git a/outputs/costs_2045.csv b/outputs/costs_2045.csv index 6f38b221..6f327be3 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2045.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2045.csv @@ -14,28 +14,28 @@ Battery electric (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY BioSNG,C in fuel,0.3686,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,C stored,0.6314,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,CO2 stored,0.2315,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BioSNG,FOM,1.6148,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" -BioSNG,VOM,1.728,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" +BioSNG,FOM,1.6148,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" +BioSNG,VOM,1.728,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" BioSNG,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -BioSNG,efficiency,0.6825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" -BioSNG,investment,1621.685,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" +BioSNG,efficiency,0.6825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" +BioSNG,investment,1621.685,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" BioSNG,lifetime,25.0,years,TODO,"84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Technical lifetime" BtL,C in fuel,0.3039,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,C stored,0.6961,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,CO2 stored,0.2552,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BtL,FOM,2.9164,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" -BtL,VOM,1.1305,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" +BtL,FOM,2.9164,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" +BtL,VOM,1.1305,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" BtL,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, BtL,efficiency,0.4333,per unit,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Electricity Output" BtL,investment,2250.0,EUR/kW_th,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Specific investment" -BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" -CCGT,FOM,3.2755,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" -CCGT,VOM,4.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" -CCGT,c_b,2.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" -CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" -CCGT,efficiency,0.595,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -CCGT,investment,807.5,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" -CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" +BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" +CCGT,FOM,3.2755,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" +CCGT,VOM,4.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" +CCGT,c_b,2.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" +CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" +CCGT,efficiency,0.595,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +CCGT,investment,807.5,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" +CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" CH4 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- CH4 (g) fill compressor station,investment,1498.9483,EUR/MW_CH4,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station cost.","Assume same ratio as between H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station, i.e. 1:19 , due to a lack of reliable numbers." CH4 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as fo FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.344,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,2.818,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M +Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,2.818,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M Fischer-Tropsch,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, Fischer-Tropsch,carbondioxide-input,0.2885,t_CO2/MWh_FT,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), Hydrogen to Jet Fuel, Table 10 / pg. 267.","Input per 1t FT liquid fuels output, carbon efficiency increases with years (4.3, 3.9, 3.6, 3.3 t_CO2/t_FT from 2020-2050 with LHV 11.95 MWh_th/t_FT)." Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.799,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", @@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy. HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,investment,932.3337,EUR/MW/km,Härtel et al. (2017): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.008 .,Table 1 HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." -Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M -Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M Haber-Bosch,electricity-input,0.2473,MWh_el/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), table 11.",Assume 5 GJ/t_NH3 for compressors and NH3 LHV = 5.16666 MWh/t_NH3. Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.","178 kg_H2 per t_NH3, LHV for both assumed." -Haber-Bosch,investment,996.7866,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +Haber-Bosch,investment,996.7866,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh." HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}" @@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,85236.1065,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,28160.0,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) @@ -221,14 +220,15 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.4,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,122939.0,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" -Hydrogen-charger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" +Hydrogen-charger,investment,314443.3087,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,investment,343278.7213,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Hydrogen-nan,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Hydrogen-store,investment,4329.3505,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}" Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -259,11 +259,11 @@ LOHC transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://pap LOHC unloaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,investment,132.2635,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.","Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared. Density of loaded LOHC H18-DBT is 0.91 t/m^3, density of unloaded LOHC H0-DBT is 1.04 t/m^3 but unloading is only to 90% (depth-of-discharge), assume density via linearisation of 1.027 t/m^3." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." -Lead-Acid,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,116706.6881,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lead-Acid-nan,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lead-Acid-store,investment,290405.7211,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -286,19 +286,19 @@ Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'c Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" Liquid-Air-store,investment,144015.52,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}" Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-LFP,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-LFP-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,214189.7678,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-NMC,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-NMC-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,244164.0581,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -331,19 +331,19 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Tabl NH3 (l) transport ship,capacity,53000.0,t_NH3,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,investment,74461941.3377,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tanker, but more mature technology", -Ni-Zn,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Ni-Zn-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Ni-Zn-store,investment,242589.0145,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -OCGT,FOM,1.7964,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M -OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M -OCGT,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -OCGT,investment,417.69,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment -OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime +OCGT,FOM,1.7964,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M +OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M +OCGT,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +OCGT,investment,417.69,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment +OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -390,206 +390,206 @@ Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Tech Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.4701,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR. Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Economic analysis of hydrogen production by methane thermal decomposition (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.063), table 2.","Large scale SMR plant producing 2.5 kg/s H2 output (assuming 33.3333 MWh/t H2 LHV), with 6.9 kg/s CH4 input (feedstock) and 2 kg/s CH4 input (energy). Neglecting water consumption." -Vanadium-Redox-Flow,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-nan,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,233744.5392,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Air,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Air-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Air-store,investment,157948.5975,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Flow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Flow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,373438.7859,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Nonflow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Nonflow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,216669.4518,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind ." -air separation unit,investment,560295.7667,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime -battery inverter,FOM,0.675,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -battery inverter,investment,80.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -battery storage,investment,84.5,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +air separation unit,investment,560295.7667,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +battery inverter,FOM,0.675,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +battery inverter,investment,80.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +battery storage,investment,84.5,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, biogas,fuel,59.0,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biogas,investment,894.8011,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas,investment,894.8011,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" biogas CC,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas CC,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, -biogas CC,investment,894.8011,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" -biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,2.6798,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,investment,562.7513,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment -biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime -biogas upgrading,FOM,17.4434,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " -biogas upgrading,VOM,2.8874,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" -biogas upgrading,investment,130.7968,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" -biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" +biogas CC,investment,894.8011,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,2.6798,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,investment,562.7513,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment +biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime +biogas upgrading,FOM,17.4434,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " +biogas upgrading,VOM,2.8874,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" +biogas upgrading,investment,130.7968,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" +biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" biomass,FOM,4.5269,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,fuel,7.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,investment,2209.0,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,lifetime,30.0,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biomass CHP,FOM,3.549,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,investment,2986.7514,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.0215,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass EOP,FOM,3.549,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,investment,2986.7514,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass HOP,FOM,5.7111,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" -biomass HOP,VOM,3.0351,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output -biomass HOP,efficiency,0.2806,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -biomass HOP,investment,773.0574,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment -biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -biomass boiler,FOM,7.5261,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" -biomass boiler,efficiency,0.875,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -biomass boiler,investment,602.8461,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" -biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP,FOM,3.549,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,investment,2986.7514,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.0215,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass EOP,FOM,3.549,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,investment,2986.7514,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass HOP,FOM,5.7111,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" +biomass HOP,VOM,3.0351,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output +biomass HOP,efficiency,0.2806,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +biomass HOP,investment,773.0574,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment +biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime +biomass boiler,FOM,7.5261,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" +biomass boiler,efficiency,0.875,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +biomass boiler,investment,602.8461,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" +biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" biomass boiler,pelletizing cost,9.0,EUR/MWh_pellets,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109506, biomass-to-methanol,C in fuel,0.4332,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,C stored,0.5668,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,CO2 stored,0.2078,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biomass-to-methanol,FOM,2.1583,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M -biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M +biomass-to-methanol,FOM,2.1583,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M +biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M biomass-to-methanol,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.64,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," -biomass-to-methanol,investment,1904.4308,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment -biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.019,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.43,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.675,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" -central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" -central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M -central coal CHP,VOM,2.752,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M -central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient -central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient -central coal CHP,efficiency,0.5312,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" -central coal CHP,investment,1803.0246,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment -central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime -central gas CHP,FOM,3.4245,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP,VOM,4.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.64,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," +biomass-to-methanol,investment,1904.4308,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment +biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.019,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.43,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.675,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" +central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" +central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M +central coal CHP,VOM,2.752,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M +central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient +central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient +central coal CHP,efficiency,0.5312,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" +central coal CHP,investment,1803.0246,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment +central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP,FOM,3.4245,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP,VOM,4.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" central gas CHP,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat), from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP,investment,530.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas CHP,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP,investment,530.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" central gas CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.4245,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" -central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP CC,investment,530.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" -central gas boiler,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M -central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M -central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment -central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime -central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.426,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.3848,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.745,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,469.53,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" -central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" -central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central hydrogen CHP,investment,875.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime -central resistive heater,FOM,1.575,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M -central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M -central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW -central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.4245,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP CC,investment,530.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas boiler,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M +central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M +central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment +central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime +central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.426,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.3848,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.745,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,469.53,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" +central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" +central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central hydrogen CHP,investment,875.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +central resistive heater,FOM,1.575,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M +central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M +central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW +central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime central solar thermal,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,investment,140000.0,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8555,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.6468,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3444,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2664,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8282,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,investment,3204.3351,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8555,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.6468,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3444,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2664,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8282,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,investment,3204.3351,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" central solid biomass CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8555,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.6468,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3444,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2664,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8282,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8555,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.6468,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3444,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2664,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8282,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" central solid biomass CHP CC,investment,4570.4672,EUR/kW_e,Combination of central solid biomass CHP CC and solid biomass boiler steam, -central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8555,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.6468,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3444,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2664,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8282,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3204.3351,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central water tank storage,FOM,0.6171,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M -central water tank storage,investment,0.4861,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment -central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime +central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8555,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.6468,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3444,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2664,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8282,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3204.3351,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central water tank storage,FOM,0.6171,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M +central water tank storage,investment,0.4861,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment +central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,investment,67.626,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", @@ -613,23 +613,23 @@ decentral CHP,FOM,3.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,investment,1400.0,EUR/kWel,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.1033,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.1033,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M decentral air-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,782.5,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment -decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.7194,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,782.5,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment +decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.7194,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M decentral gas boiler,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.9875,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" -decentral gas boiler,investment,275.5868,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment -decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler connection,investment,172.2417,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment -decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.9426,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M +decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.9875,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" +decentral gas boiler,investment,275.5868,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment +decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler connection,investment,172.2417,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment +decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.9426,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M decentral ground-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,4.0125,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1250.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,4.0125,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1250.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime decentral oil boiler,FOM,2.0,%/year,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,investment,156.0141,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf) (+eigene Berechnung), from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -652,34 +652,34 @@ digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, digestible biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.39,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", digestible biomass to hydrogen,investment,2750.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture direct air capture,electricity-input,0.4,MWh_el/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","0.4 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 0.182 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019). Should already include electricity for water scrubbing and compression (high quality CO2 output)." direct air capture,heat-input,1.6,MWh_th/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","Thermal energy demand. Provided via air-sourced heat pumps. 1.6 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 1.102 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019)." -direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,4500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct firing gas,FOM,1.0909,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.0909,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.4318,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.4318,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,4500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct firing gas,FOM,1.0909,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.0909,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.4318,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.4318,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost." direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’. direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect)." @@ -695,11 +695,11 @@ electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible P electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower. electric arc furnace,investment,1666182.3978,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’. electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime. -electric boiler steam,FOM,1.35,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M -electric boiler steam,VOM,0.78,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M -electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" -electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment -electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime +electric boiler steam,FOM,1.35,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M +electric boiler steam,VOM,0.78,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M +electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" +electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment +electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime electric steam cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,Guesstimate, electric steam cracker,VOM,180.0,€/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), Table 35", electric steam cracker,carbondioxide-output,0.55,t_CO2/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), ",The report also references another source with 0.76 t_CO2/t_HVC @@ -721,23 +721,23 @@ electrobiofuels,efficiency-biomass,1.3267,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-hydrogen,1.2754,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-tot,0.6503,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,investment,329978.8455,EUR/kW_th,combination of BtL and electrofuels, -electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M -electrolysis,efficiency,0.1571,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.1571,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,investment,328.3274,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment -electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime -fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -fuel cell,investment,875.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M +electrolysis,efficiency,0.1571,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.1571,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,investment,328.3274,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment +electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime +fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +fuel cell,investment,875.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime gas,CO2 intensity,0.198,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 50 GJ/t CH4, gas,fuel,23.8481,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -gas boiler steam,FOM,3.85,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M -gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M -gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.935,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment -gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime +gas boiler steam,FOM,3.85,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M +gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M +gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.935,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment +gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenace, salt cavern (units converted)" gas storage,investment,0.0329,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)" gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime" @@ -753,12 +753,12 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,investment,2000.0,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions -home battery inverter,FOM,0.675,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -home battery inverter,investment,115.8974,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -home battery storage,investment,122.6635,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +home battery inverter,FOM,0.675,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +home battery inverter,investment,115.8974,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +home battery storage,investment,122.6635,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -771,23 +771,23 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,12.2274,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference." hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.873,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,24.0252,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.35,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0886,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.17,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.175,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,858.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1063,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.17,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,715.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.873,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,24.0252,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.35,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0886,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.17,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.175,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,858.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1063,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.17,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,715.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime iron ore DRI-ready,commodity,97.73,EUR/t,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://missionpossiblepartnership.org/action-sectors/steel/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","DRI ready assumes 65% iron content, requiring no additional benefication." lignite,CO2 intensity,0.4069,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.31,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Calculated based on average of listed range, i.e. (39.5+91.25) USD/kW_e/a /2 / (1.09 USD/EUR) / investment cost * 100. Note: Assume same costs as for hard coal, as cost structure is apparently comparable, see https://diglib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=6093e88b63f93&location=browse and https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ae17da3d-e8a5-4163-a3ec-2e6fb0b5677d/Projected-Costs-of-Generating-Electricity-2020.pdf . " @@ -823,21 +823,21 @@ methanolisation,heat-output,0.1,MWh_th/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carb methanolisation,hydrogen-input,1.138,MWh_H2/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf) , pg. 64.",189 kg_H2 per t_MeOH methanolisation,investment,523116.1092,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", -micro CHP,FOM,6.3333,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M -micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,investment,6175.2287,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment -micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime +micro CHP,FOM,6.3333,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M +micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,investment,6175.2287,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment +micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs." nuclear,VOM,3.6188,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260." nuclear,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. nuclear,investment,8769.6136,EUR/kW_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (8475+13925)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,lifetime,40.0,years,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.", -offwind,FOM,2.1709,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" +offwind,FOM,2.1709,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" offwind,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order, from old pypsa cost assumptions -offwind,investment,1397.6772,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" -offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] +offwind,investment,1397.6772,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" +offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] offwind-ac-connection-submarine,investment,2685.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-connection-underground,investment,1342.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-station,investment,250.0,EUR/kWel,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -851,16 +851,16 @@ offwind-float-connection-submarine,investment,2040.0,EUR/MW/km,DTU report based offwind-float-connection-underground,investment,961.1688,EUR/MW/km,Haertel 2017; average + 13% learning reduction, offwind-float-station,investment,384.4675,EUR/kWel,Haertel 2017; assuming one onshore and one offshore node + 13% learning reduction, oil,CO2 intensity,0.2571,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 44 GJ/t diesel and -CH2- approximation of diesel, -oil,FOM,2.4231,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M -oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M -oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +oil,FOM,2.4231,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M +oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M +oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" oil,fuel,50.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA WEM2017 97USD/boe = http://www.iea.org/media/weowebsite/2017/WEM_Documentation_WEO2017.pdf, from old pypsa cost assumptions -oil,investment,337.75,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment -oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime -onwind,FOM,1.1817,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M -onwind,VOM,1.2285,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M -onwind,investment,970.3158,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment -onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime +oil,investment,337.75,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment +oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime +onwind,FOM,1.1817,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M +onwind,VOM,1.2285,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M +onwind,investment,970.3158,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment +onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,investment,3312.2424,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -880,50 +880,50 @@ solar-rooftop,FOM,1.5792,%/year,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed inv solar-rooftop,discount rate,0.04,per unit,standard for decentral, from old pypsa cost assumptions solar-rooftop,investment,500.2702,EUR/kW_e,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' solar-rooftop,lifetime,40.0,years,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' -solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.7726,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop commercial,investment,395.9936,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.3858,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop residential,investment,604.5468,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility,FOM,2.5269,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility,investment,277.7884,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.4972,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,333.6821,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.7726,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop commercial,investment,395.9936,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.3858,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop residential,investment,604.5468,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility,FOM,2.5269,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility,investment,277.7884,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.4972,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,333.6821,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] solid biomass,CO2 intensity,0.3667,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 18 GJ/t_DM LHV and 50% C-content for solid biomass, solid biomass,fuel,12.0,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOWOOW1 (secondary forest residue wood chips), ENS_Ref for 2040", -solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.2273,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.895,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam,investment,550.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime -solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.2273,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.895,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,550.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.2273,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.895,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam,investment,550.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.2273,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.895,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,550.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,2750.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", uranium,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -waste CHP,FOM,2.3092,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP,VOM,25.7834,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP,c_b,0.3005,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP,efficiency,0.2144,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7624,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,investment,7329.2636,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -waste CHP CC,FOM,2.3092,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP CC,VOM,25.7834,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP CC,c_b,0.3005,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2144,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7624,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,investment,7329.2636,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) -water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +waste CHP,FOM,2.3092,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP,VOM,25.7834,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP,c_b,0.3005,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP,efficiency,0.2144,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7624,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,investment,7329.2636,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +waste CHP CC,FOM,2.3092,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP CC,VOM,25.7834,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP CC,c_b,0.3005,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2144,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7624,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,investment,7329.2636,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) diff --git a/outputs/costs_2050.csv b/outputs/costs_2050.csv index 1afeba5a..fc877a43 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2050.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2050.csv @@ -14,28 +14,28 @@ Battery electric (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY BioSNG,C in fuel,0.378,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,C stored,0.622,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BioSNG,CO2 stored,0.2281,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BioSNG,FOM,1.6067,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" -BioSNG,VOM,1.7014,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" +BioSNG,FOM,1.6067,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Fixed O&M" +BioSNG,VOM,1.7014,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Variable O&M" BioSNG,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -BioSNG,efficiency,0.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" -BioSNG,investment,1595.1,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" +BioSNG,efficiency,0.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Bio SNG Output" +BioSNG,investment,1595.1,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Specific investment" BioSNG,lifetime,25.0,years,TODO,"84 Gasif. CFB, Bio-SNG: Technical lifetime" BtL,C in fuel,0.3156,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,C stored,0.6844,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", BtL,CO2 stored,0.251,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -BtL,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" -BtL,VOM,1.1299,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" +BtL,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Fixed O&M" +BtL,VOM,1.1299,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Variable O&M" BtL,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, BtL,efficiency,0.45,per unit,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Electricity Output" BtL,investment,2000.0,EUR/kW_th,doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.013,"85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Specific investment" -BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" -CCGT,FOM,3.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" -CCGT,VOM,4.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" -CCGT,c_b,2.2,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" -CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" -CCGT,efficiency,0.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -CCGT,investment,800.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" -CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" +BtL,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","85 Gasif. Ent. Flow FT, liq fu : Technical lifetime" +CCGT,FOM,3.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" +CCGT,VOM,4.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" +CCGT,c_b,2.2,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" +CCGT,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cv coefficient" +CCGT,efficiency,0.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +CCGT,investment,800.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Nominal investment" +CCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Technical lifetime" CH4 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- CH4 (g) fill compressor station,investment,1498.9483,EUR/MW_CH4,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station cost.","Assume same ratio as between H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station, i.e. 1:19 , due to a lack of reliable numbers." CH4 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as fo FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.344,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,2.2331,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M +Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,2.2331,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M Fischer-Tropsch,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, Fischer-Tropsch,carbondioxide-input,0.276,t_CO2/MWh_FT,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), Hydrogen to Jet Fuel, Table 10 / pg. 267.","Input per 1t FT liquid fuels output, carbon efficiency increases with years (4.3, 3.9, 3.6, 3.3 t_CO2/t_FT from 2020-2050 with LHV 11.95 MWh_th/t_FT)." Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.799,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", @@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy. HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,investment,932.3337,EUR/MW/km,Härtel et al. (2017): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.008 .,Table 1 HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." -Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M -Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.0213,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M Haber-Bosch,electricity-input,0.2473,MWh_el/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), table 11.",Assume 5 GJ/t_NH3 for compressors and NH3 LHV = 5.16666 MWh/t_NH3. Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.","178 kg_H2 per t_NH3, LHV for both assumed." -Haber-Bosch,investment,865.1251,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +Haber-Bosch,investment,865.1251,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh." HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}" @@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,85236.1065,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}" HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,26880.0,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars) @@ -221,14 +220,15 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,125710.0,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks) -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}" Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" -Hydrogen-charger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" +Hydrogen-charger,investment,314443.3087,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}" Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,inf,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}" Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" -Hydrogen-discharger,investment,0.0,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" +Hydrogen-discharger,investment,343278.7213,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}" Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Hydrogen-nan,investment,113370.8267,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Inverter']}" Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Hydrogen-store,investment,4329.3505,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}" Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -259,11 +259,11 @@ LOHC transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://pap LOHC unloaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,investment,132.2635,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.","Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared. Density of loaded LOHC H18-DBT is 0.91 t/m^3, density of unloaded LOHC H0-DBT is 1.04 t/m^3 but unloading is only to 90% (depth-of-discharge), assume density via linearisation of 1.027 t/m^3." LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liquid hydrocarbon storage (crude)”, as similar properties are shared." -Lead-Acid,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,116706.6881,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lead-Acid-nan,decommissioning,10737.058,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lead-Acid-store,investment,290405.7211,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -286,19 +286,19 @@ Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'c Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}" Liquid-Air-store,investment,144015.52,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}" Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-LFP,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-LFP-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,214189.7678,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Lithium-Ion-NMC,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Lithium-Ion-NMC-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,244164.0581,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" @@ -331,19 +331,19 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Tabl NH3 (l) transport ship,capacity,53000.0,t_NH3,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,investment,74461941.3377,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020 based on IEA 2019, Table 3-B", NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tanker, but more mature technology", -Ni-Zn,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Ni-Zn-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Ni-Zn-store,investment,242589.0145,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -OCGT,FOM,1.8023,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M -OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M -OCGT,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -OCGT,investment,411.84,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment -OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime +OCGT,FOM,1.8023,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M +OCGT,VOM,4.5,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M +OCGT,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +OCGT,investment,411.84,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment +OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions PHS,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -390,206 +390,206 @@ Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Tech Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.4701,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR. Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Economic analysis of hydrogen production by methane thermal decomposition (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.063), table 2.","Large scale SMR plant producing 2.5 kg/s H2 output (assuming 33.3333 MWh/t H2 LHV), with 6.9 kg/s CH4 input (feedstock) and 2 kg/s CH4 input (energy). Neglecting water consumption." -Vanadium-Redox-Flow,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-nan,decommissioning,17630.5346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,233744.5392,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Air,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Air-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Air-store,investment,157948.5975,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Flow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,73865.5037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Flow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,373438.7859,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -Zn-Br-Nonflow,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': [None], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,116860.1539,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" +Zn-Br-Nonflow-nan,decommissioning,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': [''], 'technology_type': ['nan'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,216669.4518,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}" Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}" -air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind ." -air separation unit,investment,486288.6182,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment -air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime -battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -battery inverter,investment,60.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -battery storage,investment,75.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +air separation unit,investment,486288.6182,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime +battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +battery inverter,investment,60.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +battery storage,investment,75.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, biogas,fuel,59.0,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biogas,investment,867.3532,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas,investment,867.3532,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" biogas CC,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" +biogas CC,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M" biogas CC,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, biogas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,Assuming input biomass is already given in biogas output, -biogas CC,investment,867.3532,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" -biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" -biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,2.2969,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M -biogas plus hydrogen,investment,482.3582,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment -biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime -biogas upgrading,FOM,17.0397,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " -biogas upgrading,VOM,2.6993,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" -biogas upgrading,investment,125.1744,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" -biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" +biogas CC,investment,867.3532,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Specific investment" +biogas CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Technical lifetime" +biogas plus hydrogen,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Fixed O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,VOM,2.2969,EUR/MWh_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Variable O&M +biogas plus hydrogen,investment,482.3582,EUR/kW_CH4,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Specific investment +biogas plus hydrogen,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",99 SNG from methan. of biogas: Technical lifetime +biogas upgrading,FOM,17.0397,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Fixed O&M " +biogas upgrading,VOM,2.6993,EUR/MWh output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Variable O&M" +biogas upgrading,investment,125.1744,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: investment (upgrading, methane redution and grid injection)" +biogas upgrading,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","82 Upgrading 3,000 Nm3 per h: Technical lifetime" biomass,FOM,4.5269,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,fuel,7.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,investment,2209.0,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions biomass,lifetime,30.0,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions -biomass CHP,FOM,3.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass CHP,investment,2912.2424,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass EOP,FOM,3.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" -biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " -biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" -biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" -biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -biomass EOP,investment,2912.2424,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " -biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass HOP,FOM,5.6957,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" -biomass HOP,VOM,3.1189,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output -biomass HOP,efficiency,0.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -biomass HOP,investment,753.2015,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment -biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -biomass boiler,FOM,7.5412,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" -biomass boiler,efficiency,0.88,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -biomass boiler,investment,587.362,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" -biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP,FOM,3.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass CHP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass CHP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass CHP,investment,2912.2424,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass EOP,FOM,3.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" +biomass EOP,VOM,2.0998,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " +biomass EOP,c_b,0.4564,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" +biomass EOP,c_v,1.0,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cv coefficient" +biomass EOP,efficiency,0.3003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,efficiency-heat,0.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +biomass EOP,investment,2912.2424,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " +biomass EOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" +biomass HOP,FOM,5.6957,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Fixed O&M, heat output" +biomass HOP,VOM,3.1189,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Variable O&M heat output +biomass HOP,efficiency,0.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +biomass HOP,investment,753.2015,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment +biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime +biomass boiler,FOM,7.5412,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Fixed O&M" +biomass boiler,efficiency,0.88,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +biomass boiler,investment,587.362,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Specific investment" +biomass boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","204 Biomass boiler, automatic: Technical lifetime" biomass boiler,pelletizing cost,9.0,EUR/MWh_pellets,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109506, biomass-to-methanol,C in fuel,0.44,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,C stored,0.56,per unit,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", biomass-to-methanol,CO2 stored,0.2053,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016", -biomass-to-methanol,FOM,2.6667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M -biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M +biomass-to-methanol,FOM,2.6667,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Fixed O&M +biomass-to-methanol,VOM,14.4653,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Variable O&M biomass-to-methanol,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.65,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," -biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," -biomass-to-methanol,investment,1553.1646,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment -biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.018,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,1800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.67,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" -central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" -central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" -central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M -central coal CHP,VOM,2.7228,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M -central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient -central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient -central coal CHP,efficiency,0.535,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" -central coal CHP,investment,1783.8744,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment -central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime -central gas CHP,FOM,3.4615,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP,VOM,4.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency,0.65,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Methanol Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Electricity Output," +biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output," +biomass-to-methanol,investment,1553.1646,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment +biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.018,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,1800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.67,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" +central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central air-sourced heat pump,investment,856.2467,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Specific investment" +central air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Technical lifetime" +central coal CHP,FOM,1.6316,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Fixed O&M +central coal CHP,VOM,2.7228,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Variable O&M +central coal CHP,c_b,1.01,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cb coefficient +central coal CHP,c_v,0.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Cv coefficient +central coal CHP,efficiency,0.535,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","01 Coal CHP: Electricity efficiency, condensation mode, net" +central coal CHP,investment,1783.8744,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Nominal investment +central coal CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",01 Coal CHP: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP,FOM,3.4615,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP,VOM,4.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" central gas CHP,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat), from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP,investment,520.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas CHP,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP,investment,520.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" central gas CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.4615,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" -central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" -central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" -central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central gas CHP CC,investment,520.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" -central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" -central gas boiler,FOM,3.4,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M -central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M -central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment -central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime -central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4378,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.4284,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" -central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,456.84,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" -central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" -central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -central hydrogen CHP,investment,800.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime -central resistive heater,FOM,1.5333,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M -central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M -central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" -central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW -central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime +central gas CHP CC,FOM,3.4615,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Fixed O&M" +central gas CHP CC,VOM,4.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Variable O&M" +central gas CHP CC,c_b,1.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Cb coefficient" +central gas CHP CC,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central gas CHP CC,investment,520.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Nominal investment" +central gas CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","04 Gas turb. simple cycle, L: Technical lifetime" +central gas boiler,FOM,3.4,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Fixed O&M +central gas boiler,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Variable O&M +central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central gas boiler,investment,50.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment +central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime +central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4378,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.4284,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M" +central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central ground-sourced heat pump,investment,456.84,EUR/kW_th excluding drive energy,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Nominal investment" +central ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Technical lifetime" +central hydrogen CHP,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +central hydrogen CHP,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +central hydrogen CHP,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +central hydrogen CHP,investment,800.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +central hydrogen CHP,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +central resistive heater,FOM,1.5333,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Fixed O&M +central resistive heater,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Variable O&M +central resistive heater,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","41 Electric Boilers: Total efficiency , net, annual average" +central resistive heater,investment,60.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Nominal investment; 10/15 kV; >10 MW +central resistive heater,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",41 Electric Boilers: Technical lifetime central solar thermal,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,investment,140000.0,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions central solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8518,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.6676,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3423,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2652,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP,investment,3155.9505,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP,FOM,2.8518,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP,VOM,4.6676,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP,c_b,0.3423,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency,0.2652,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.8294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP,investment,3155.9505,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" central solid biomass CHP,p_nom_ratio,1.0,per unit,, from old pypsa cost assumptions -central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8518,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.6676,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3423,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2652,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,FOM,2.8518,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP CC,VOM,4.6676,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_b,0.3423,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency,0.2652,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.8294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" central solid biomass CHP CC,investment,4494.0463,EUR/kW_e,Combination of central solid biomass CHP CC and solid biomass boiler steam, -central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8518,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.6676,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3423,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2652,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3155.9505,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " -central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -central water tank storage,FOM,0.6429,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M -central water tank storage,investment,0.4667,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment -central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime +central solid biomass CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,FOM,2.8518,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,VOM,4.6676,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Variable O&M " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_b,0.3423,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2652,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3155.9505,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment " +central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +central water tank storage,FOM,0.6429,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M +central water tank storage,investment,0.4667,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment +central water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,investment,67.626,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.", @@ -613,23 +613,23 @@ decentral CHP,FOM,3.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,investment,1400.0,EUR/kWel,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.1413,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.1413,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Fixed O&M decentral air-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,760.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment -decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.7293,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M +decentral air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.3 Air to water existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral air-sourced heat pump,investment,760.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Specific investment +decentral air-sourced heat pump,lifetime,18.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.3 Air to water existing: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler,FOM,6.7293,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Fixed O&M decentral gas boiler,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" -decentral gas boiler,investment,268.5084,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment -decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime -decentral gas boiler connection,investment,167.8177,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment -decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.9895,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M +decentral gas boiler,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","202 Natural gas boiler: Total efficiency, annual average, net" +decentral gas boiler,investment,268.5084,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Specific investment +decentral gas boiler,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",202 Natural gas boiler: Technical lifetime +decentral gas boiler connection,investment,167.8177,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Possible additional specific investment +decentral gas boiler connection,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,1.9895,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Fixed O&M decentral ground-sourced heat pump,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,4.05,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1200.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment -decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,4.05,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","207.7 Ground source existing: Heat efficiency, annual average, net, radiators, existing one family house" +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,investment,1200.0,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Specific investment +decentral ground-sourced heat pump,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",207.7 Ground source existing: Technical lifetime decentral oil boiler,FOM,2.0,%/year,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf), from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral oil boiler,investment,156.0141,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf) (+eigene Berechnung), from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -652,34 +652,34 @@ digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, digestible biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.39,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", digestible biomass to hydrogen,investment,2500.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture direct air capture,electricity-input,0.4,MWh_el/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","0.4 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 0.182 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019). Should already include electricity for water scrubbing and compression (high quality CO2 output)." direct air capture,heat-input,1.6,MWh_th/t_CO2,"Beuttler et al (2019): The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Antropogenic Greenhouse Gas emissions (https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010), alternative: Breyer et al (2019).","Thermal energy demand. Provided via air-sourced heat pumps. 1.6 MWh based on Beuttler et al (2019) for Climeworks LT DAC, alternative value: 1.102 MWh based on Breyer et al (2019)." -direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,4000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct firing gas,FOM,1.0303,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.0303,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M -direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M -direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment -direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.4091,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime -direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.4091,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M -direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment -direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,4000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct firing gas,FOM,1.0303,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing gas CC,FOM,1.0303,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Fixed O&M +direct firing gas CC,VOM,0.28,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Variable O&M +direct firing gas CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing gas CC,investment,15.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Nominal investment +direct firing gas CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.a Direct firing Natural Gas: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels,FOM,1.4091,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime +direct firing solid fuels CC,FOM,1.4091,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Fixed O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3328,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Variable O&M +direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,220.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment +direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost." direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’. direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect)." @@ -695,11 +695,11 @@ electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible P electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower. electric arc furnace,investment,1666182.3978,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’. electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime. -electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3143,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M -electric boiler steam,VOM,0.78,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M -electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" -electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment -electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime +electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3143,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M +electric boiler steam,VOM,0.78,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M +electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average" +electric boiler steam,investment,70.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Nominal investment +electric boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Technical lifetime electric steam cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,Guesstimate, electric steam cracker,VOM,180.0,€/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), Table 35", electric steam cracker,carbondioxide-output,0.55,t_CO2/t_HVC,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), ",The report also references another source with 0.76 t_CO2/t_HVC @@ -721,23 +721,23 @@ electrobiofuels,efficiency-biomass,1.3283,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-hydrogen,1.2971,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,efficiency-tot,0.6563,per unit,Stoichiometric calculation, electrobiofuels,investment,298027.5019,EUR/kW_th,combination of BtL and electrofuels, -electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M -electrolysis,efficiency,0.1294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.1294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating -electrolysis,investment,271.7192,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment -electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime -fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M -fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient -fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" -fuel cell,investment,800.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment -fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime +electrolysis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Fixed O&M +electrolysis,efficiency,0.1294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,efficiency-heat,0.1294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating +electrolysis,investment,271.7192,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Specific investment +electrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 100 MW: Technical lifetime +fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M +fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient +fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +fuel cell,investment,800.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Nominal investment +fuel cell,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Technical lifetime gas,CO2 intensity,0.198,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 50 GJ/t CH4, gas,fuel,23.8481,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -gas boiler steam,FOM,3.74,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M -gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M -gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.94,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment -gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime +gas boiler steam,FOM,3.74,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Fixed O&M +gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Variable O&M +gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.94,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +gas boiler steam,investment,45.4545,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment +gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenace, salt cavern (units converted)" gas storage,investment,0.0329,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)" gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime" @@ -753,12 +753,12 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,investment,2000.0,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions -home battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC -home battery inverter,investment,87.4286,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime -home battery storage,investment,108.594,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment -home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime +home battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC +home battery inverter,investment,87.4286,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime +home battery storage,investment,108.594,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment +home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions hydro,investment,2208.1616,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -771,23 +771,23 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,12.2274,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference." hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",- -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.9048,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,21.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.2,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.12,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.2,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,840.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1029,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.12,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.85,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,700.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.9048,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,21.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.2,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.12,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.2,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump high temperature,investment,840.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump high temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1029,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.12,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.85,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,700.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime iron ore DRI-ready,commodity,97.73,EUR/t,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://missionpossiblepartnership.org/action-sectors/steel/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","DRI ready assumes 65% iron content, requiring no additional benefication." lignite,CO2 intensity,0.4069,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.31,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Calculated based on average of listed range, i.e. (39.5+91.25) USD/kW_e/a /2 / (1.09 USD/EUR) / investment cost * 100. Note: Assume same costs as for hard coal, as cost structure is apparently comparable, see https://diglib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=6093e88b63f93&location=browse and https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ae17da3d-e8a5-4163-a3ec-2e6fb0b5677d/Projected-Costs-of-Generating-Electricity-2020.pdf . " @@ -823,21 +823,21 @@ methanolisation,heat-output,0.1,MWh_th/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carb methanolisation,hydrogen-input,1.138,MWh_H2/MWh_MeOH,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf) , pg. 64.",189 kg_H2 per t_MeOH methanolisation,investment,480584.3906,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", -micro CHP,FOM,6.4286,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M -micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" -micro CHP,investment,5763.5468,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment -micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime +micro CHP,FOM,6.4286,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M +micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" +micro CHP,investment,5763.5468,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment +micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs." nuclear,VOM,3.6188,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260." nuclear,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. nuclear,investment,8769.6136,EUR/kW_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (8475+13925)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) ." nuclear,lifetime,40.0,years,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.", -offwind,FOM,2.1655,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" +offwind,FOM,2.1655,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Fixed O&M [EUR/MW_e/y, 2020]" offwind,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order, from old pypsa cost assumptions -offwind,investment,1380.2714,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" -offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] +offwind,investment,1380.2714,"EUR/kW_e, 2020","Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","21 Offshore turbines: Nominal investment [MEUR/MW_e, 2020] grid connection costs substracted from investment costs" +offwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",21 Offshore turbines: Technical lifetime [years] offwind-ac-connection-submarine,investment,2685.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-connection-underground,investment,1342.0,EUR/MW/km,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions offwind-ac-station,investment,250.0,EUR/kWel,DEA https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -851,16 +851,16 @@ offwind-float-connection-submarine,investment,2040.0,EUR/MW/km,DTU report based offwind-float-connection-underground,investment,961.1688,EUR/MW/km,Haertel 2017; average + 13% learning reduction, offwind-float-station,investment,384.4675,EUR/kWel,Haertel 2017; assuming one onshore and one offshore node + 13% learning reduction, oil,CO2 intensity,0.2571,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 44 GJ/t diesel and -CH2- approximation of diesel, -oil,FOM,2.4095,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M -oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M -oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" +oil,FOM,2.4095,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Fixed O&M +oil,VOM,6.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Variable O&M +oil,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","50 Diesel engine farm: Electricity efficiency, annual average" oil,fuel,50.0,EUR/MWhth,IEA WEM2017 97USD/boe = http://www.iea.org/media/weowebsite/2017/WEM_Documentation_WEO2017.pdf, from old pypsa cost assumptions -oil,investment,336.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment -oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime -onwind,FOM,1.1775,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M -onwind,VOM,1.215,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M -onwind,investment,963.0662,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment -onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime +oil,investment,336.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Specific investment +oil,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",50 Diesel engine farm: Technical lifetime +onwind,FOM,1.1775,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Fixed O&M +onwind,VOM,1.215,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M +onwind,investment,963.0662,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment +onwind,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions ror,investment,3312.2424,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -880,50 +880,50 @@ solar-rooftop,FOM,1.6059,%/year,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed inv solar-rooftop,discount rate,0.04,per unit,standard for decentral, from old pypsa cost assumptions solar-rooftop,investment,475.38,EUR/kW_e,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' solar-rooftop,lifetime,40.0,years,Calculated. See 'further description'.,Mixed investment costs based on average of 50% 'solar-rooftop commercial' and 50% 'solar-rooftop residential' -solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.812,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop commercial,investment,374.8836,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.3998,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-rooftop residential,investment,575.8763,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility,FOM,2.5292,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility,investment,264.996,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.5531,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,319.2816,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] -solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop commercial,FOM,1.812,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop commercial,investment,374.8836,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop commercial,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV commercial: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-rooftop residential,FOM,1.3998,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-rooftop residential,investment,575.8763,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-rooftop residential,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Rooftop PV residential: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility,FOM,2.5292,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility,investment,264.996,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV: Technical lifetime [years] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,FOM,2.5531,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Fixed O&M [2020-EUR/MW_e/y] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,investment,319.2816,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Nominal investment [2020-MEUR/MW_e] +solar-utility single-axis tracking,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",22 Utility-scale PV tracker: Technical lifetime [years] solid biomass,CO2 intensity,0.3667,tCO2/MWh_th,Stoichiometric calculation with 18 GJ/t_DM LHV and 50% C-content for solid biomass, solid biomass,fuel,12.0,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOWOOW1 (secondary forest residue wood chips), ENS_Ref for 2040", -solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.2831,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam,investment,536.3636,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime -solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.2831,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M -solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,536.3636,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment -solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam,FOM,6.2831,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam,investment,536.3636,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime +solid biomass boiler steam CC,FOM,6.2831,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Fixed O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,VOM,2.848,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Variable O&M +solid biomass boiler steam CC,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +solid biomass boiler steam CC,investment,536.3636,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Nominal investment +solid biomass boiler steam CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1e Steam boiler Wood: Technical lifetime solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,2500.0,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014", uranium,fuel,3.3122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data. -waste CHP,FOM,2.2917,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP,VOM,25.5378,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP,c_b,0.3034,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP,efficiency,0.2165,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7625,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP,investment,7068.8867,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -waste CHP CC,FOM,2.2917,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" -waste CHP CC,VOM,25.5378,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " -waste CHP CC,c_b,0.3034,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" -waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" -waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2165,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7625,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" -waste CHP CC,investment,7068.8867,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " -waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" -water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) -water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +waste CHP,FOM,2.2917,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP,VOM,25.5378,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP,c_b,0.3034,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP,efficiency,0.2165,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,efficiency-heat,0.7625,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP,investment,7068.8867,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +waste CHP CC,FOM,2.2917,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M" +waste CHP CC,VOM,25.5378,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M " +waste CHP CC,c_b,0.3034,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cb coefficient" +waste CHP CC,c_v,1.0,50°C/100°C,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Cv coefficient" +waste CHP CC,efficiency,0.2165,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Electricity efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,efficiency-heat,0.7625,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" +waste CHP CC,investment,7068.8867,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Nominal investment " +waste CHP CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Technical lifetime" +water tank charger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) +water tank discharger,efficiency,0.8367,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, /home/lisa/Documents/technology-data/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: efficiency from sqr(Round trip efficiency) diff --git a/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py b/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py index 528b8688..47abbec0 100644 --- a/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py +++ b/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py @@ -1914,14 +1914,11 @@ def add_energy_storage_database(costs, data_year): agg = df.loc[power_filter].groupby(["technology", "year"]).sum(numeric_only=True) charger_investment_filter = charger_filter & (df.technology==tech) & (df.parameter=="investment") discharger_investment_filter = discharger_filter & (df.technology==tech) & (df.parameter=="investment") - for a in [2021, 2030]: - df_year = (df.year == a) - df.loc[charger_investment_filter & df_year, "value"] += agg.loc[(tech, a)]/2 - df.loc[discharger_investment_filter & df_year, "value"] += agg.loc[(tech, a)]/2 - - index = df.loc[df["technology_type"]!="nan"].index - df.technology_type.replace("nan", np.nan, inplace=True) - df.loc[index,"technology"] = df.loc[index, "technology"] + "-" + df.loc[index, "technology_type"] + df.loc[charger_investment_filter & df.year==2021, "value"] += agg.loc[(tech, 2021)]/2 + df.loc[charger_investment_filter & df.year==2030, "value"] += agg.loc[(tech, 2030)]/2 + df.loc[discharger_investment_filter & df.year==2021, "value"] += agg.loc[(tech, 2021)]/2 + df.loc[discharger_investment_filter & df.year==2030, "value"] += agg.loc[(tech, 2030)]/2 + df.loc[:,"technology"] = df["technology"] + "-" + df["technology_type"] # aggregate technology_type and unit df = df.groupby(["technology", "unit", "year"]).agg({