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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<title>3.6. boxed values · MobX 中文文档</title>
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3.6. boxed values
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4.5. (@)observer
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5. 改变 observables
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5.2. async actions & flows
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5.3. Object api
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6. 工具函数
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6.1. toJS
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6.2. extendObservable
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6.3. createAtom
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6.4. intercept & observe
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6.10. mobxUtils.createTransformer
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6.11. mobxUtils.expr
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6.12. complete api overview
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8. 贴士与技巧
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8.2. 常见陷阱与最佳实践
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8.3. 如何(不)使用装饰器
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8.4. 使用 trace 进行调试
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8.5. 定义数据存储
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8.6. 优化 React 组件
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8.7. 开发工具
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8.8. spy
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9. 捐赠
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<a href=".." >3.6. boxed values</a>
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<h2 id="原值类型值和引用类型值"><a name="原值类型值和引用类型值" class="plugin-anchor" href="#原值类型值和引用类型值"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>原值类型值和引用类型值</h2>
<p>JavaScript 中的所有原始类型值都是不可变的，因此它们都是不可观察的。
通常这是好的，因为 MobX 通常可以使包含值的<strong>属性</strong>转变成可观察的。
可参见 <a href="object.html">observable objects</a>。
在极少数情况下，拥有一个不属于某个对象的可观察的“原始类型值”还是很方便的。
对于这种情况，可以创建一个 observable box 以便管理这样的原始类型值。</p>
<h3 id="observableboxvalue"><a name="observableboxvalue" class="plugin-anchor" href="#observableboxvalue"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><code>observable.box(value)</code></h3>
<p><code>observable.box(value)</code> 接收任何值并把值存储到箱子中。
使用 <code>.get()</code> 可以获取当前值，使用 <code>.set(newValue)</code> 可以更新值。</p>
<p>此外，还可以使用它的 <code>.observe</code> 方法注册回调，以监听对存储值的更改。
但因为 MobX 自动追踪了箱子的变化，在绝大多数情况下最好还是使用像 <a href="autorun.html"><code>mobx.autorun</code></a> 这样的 reaction 来替代。</p>
<p><code>observable.box(scalar)</code> 返回的对象签名是:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>.get()</code> - 返回当前值。</li>
<li><code>.set(value)</code> - 替换当前存储的值并通知所有观察者。</li>
<li><code>intercept(interceptor)</code> - 可以用来在任何变化应用前将其拦截。参见 <a href="observe.html">observe & intercept</a>。</li>
<li><code>.observe(callback: (change) => void, fireImmediately = false): disposerFunction</code> - 注册一个观察者函数，每次存储值被替换时触发。返回一个函数以取消观察者。参见 <a href="observe.html">observe & intercept</a>。<code>change</code> 参数是一个对象，其中包含 observable 的 <code>newValue</code> 和 <code>oldValue</code> 。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="observableboxvalue--deep-false-"><a name="observableboxvalue--deep-false-" class="plugin-anchor" href="#observableboxvalue--deep-false-"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><code>observable.box(value, { deep: false })</code></h3>
<p>创建一个基于 <a href="modifiers.html"><code>ref</code></a> 装饰器的箱子。这意味着箱子里的任何(将来)值都不会自动地转换成 observable 。</p>
<h3 id="示例"><a name="示例" class="plugin-anchor" href="#示例"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>示例</h3>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> {observable} <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">"mobx"</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> cityName = observable.box(<span class="hljs-string">"Vienna"</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(cityName.get());
<span class="hljs-comment">// 输出 'Vienna'</span>
cityName.observe(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">change</span>) </span>{
<span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(change.oldValue, <span class="hljs-string">"->"</span>, change.newValue);
});
cityName.set(<span class="hljs-string">"Amsterdam"</span>);
<span class="hljs-comment">// 输出 'Vienna -> Amsterdam'</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="observableboxvalue--name-my-array-"><a name="observableboxvalue--name-my-array-" class="plugin-anchor" href="#observableboxvalue--name-my-array-"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><code>observable.box(value, { name: "my array" })</code></h2>
<p><code>name</code> 选项用来给数组一个友好的调试名称，用于 <code>spy</code> 或者 MobX 开发者工具。</p>
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