diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 2be474a7..d7335694 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
     "codegen": "dotenv -- turbo run codegen",
     "db:clear": "docker compose down -v",
     "db:export": "dotenv -- ./scripts/generate_seeding_data.sh",
-    "db:populate": "dotenv -- ./scripts/import_seeding_data.sh",
+    "db:populate": "dotenv -- ./scripts/import_seeding_data.sh --all",
     "db:reset": "pnpm db:clear && pnpm db:start && pnpm db:populate",
     "db:start": "docker compose up -d",
     "db:stop": "docker compose down",
diff --git a/scripts/import_seeding_data.sh b/scripts/import_seeding_data.sh
index 99a73474..2ec95c30 100755
--- a/scripts/import_seeding_data.sh
+++ b/scripts/import_seeding_data.sh
@@ -5,14 +5,67 @@ if [ -z "$PAYLOAD_MONGO_CONNECTION_STRING" ]; then
   echo "PAYLOAD_MONGO_CONNECTION_STRING is not set. Using default value."
   PAYLOAD_MONGO_CONNECTION_STRING="mongodb://127.0.0.1/payload"
 fi
-
-# Loop to import each JSON file into a MongoDB collection
-for file_path in data/gen/db/*.json; do
-  filename=$(basename "$file_path")
-  COLLECTION_NAME="${filename%.json}"
-  echo "Importing $COLLECTION_NAME collection..."
-  mongoimport --uri="$PAYLOAD_MONGO_CONNECTION_STRING" --collection="$COLLECTION_NAME" --file="$file_path" --jsonArray
+#if no args, print usage
+if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
+  echo "Usage: ./scripts/import_seeding_data.sh [-u|--upsert] [collection_name]"
+  echo "  -u, --upsert    Use upsert mode when importing data"
+  echo "  -a, --all       Import all collections, "
+  exit 0
+fi
+# iterate through arguments and process them
+UPSERT_FLAG=false
+ALL_FLAG=false
+for arg in "$@"
+do
+    case $arg in
+        -u|--upsert)
+        UPSERT_FLAG=true
+        shift # Remove --upsert from processing
+        ;;
+    esac
+    case $arg in
+        -h|--help)
+        echo "Usage: ./scripts/import_seeding_data.sh [-u|--upsert] [collection_name]"
+        echo "  -u, --upsert    Use upsert mode when importing data"
+        exit 0
+        ;;
+    esac
+    case $arg in
+        -a|--all)
+        ALL_FLAG=true
+        shift # Remove --all from processing
+        ;;
+    esac
 done
+# add --upsert flag to mongoimport command if UPSERT_FLAG is true
+if [ "$UPSERT_FLAG" = true ] ; then
+  echo "Using upsert mode"
+  UPSERT_FLAG="--upsert"
+else
+  UPSERT_FLAG=""
+fi
+# if argument is passed, only import that collection
+if [ -n "$1" ]; then
+  if [ "$ALL_FLAG" = true ] ; then
+    echo "Cannot use --all flag with collection name"
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  COLLECTION_NAME="$1"
+  echo "Importing $COLLECTION_NAME collection..."
+  mongoimport --uri="$PAYLOAD_MONGO_CONNECTION_STRING" --collection="$COLLECTION_NAME" --file="data/gen/db/$COLLECTION_NAME.json" --jsonArray $UPSERT_FLAG
+  exit 0
+fi
+# Loop to import each JSON file into a MongoDB collection
+if [ "$ALL_FLAG" = true ] ; then
+  echo "Importing all collections..."
+  for file_path in data/gen/db/*.json; do
+    filename=$(basename "$file_path")
+    COLLECTION_NAME="${filename%.json}"
+    echo "Importing $COLLECTION_NAME collection..."
+    mongoimport --uri="$PAYLOAD_MONGO_CONNECTION_STRING" --collection="$COLLECTION_NAME" --file="$file_path" --jsonArray $UPSERT_FLAG
+  done
+  exit 0
+fi
 
 # Copy images from images to ../uploads folder
 # TODO: change this implementation when using cloud storage plugin