diff --git a/dogsdogsdogs/src/calculus.rs b/dogsdogsdogs/src/calculus.rs
index 16546f226..952a1b0d2 100644
--- a/dogsdogsdogs/src/calculus.rs
+++ b/dogsdogsdogs/src/calculus.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,9 @@ where
         self.enter(child)
             .inner
             .flat_map(|(data, time, diff)| {
-                let neu = (data.clone(), AltNeu::neu(time.time.clone()), diff.clone().negate());
+                let mut neg_diff = diff.clone();
+                neg_diff.negate();
+                let neu = (data.clone(), AltNeu::neu(time.time.clone()), neg_diff);
                 let alt = (data, time, diff);
                 Some(alt).into_iter().chain(Some(neu))
             })
diff --git a/src/algorithms/identifiers.rs b/src/algorithms/identifiers.rs
index 8864ba89d..19653d8d3 100644
--- a/src/algorithms/identifiers.rs
+++ b/src/algorithms/identifiers.rs
@@ -67,12 +67,16 @@ where
                         // keep round-positive records as changes.
                         let ((round, record), count) = &input[0];
                         if *round > 0 {
-                            output.push(((0, record.clone()), count.clone().negate()));
+                            let mut neg_count = count.clone();
+                            neg_count.negate();
+                            output.push(((0, record.clone()), neg_count));
                             output.push(((*round, record.clone()), count.clone()));
                         }
                         // if any losers, increment their rounds.
                         for ((round, record), count) in input[1..].iter() {
-                            output.push(((0, record.clone()), count.clone().negate()));
+                            let mut neg_count = count.clone();
+                            neg_count.negate();
+                            output.push(((0, record.clone()), neg_count));
                             output.push(((*round+1, record.clone()), count.clone()));
                         }
                     })
diff --git a/src/collection.rs b/src/collection.rs
index ce2dd54a9..ddf3634cb 100644
--- a/src/collection.rs
+++ b/src/collection.rs
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ impl<G: Scope, D: Data, R: Abelian+'static> Collection<G, D, R> where G::Timesta
     /// ```
     pub fn negate(&self) -> Collection<G, D, R> {
         self.inner
-            .map_in_place(|x| x.2 = x.2.clone().negate())
+            .map_in_place(|x| x.2.negate())
             .as_collection()
     }
 
diff --git a/src/difference.rs b/src/difference.rs
index 42c7bfe44..71c724905 100644
--- a/src/difference.rs
+++ b/src/difference.rs
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pub trait Monoid : Semigroup {
 /// not quite as many as you might imagine.
 pub trait Abelian : Monoid {
     /// The method of `std::ops::Neg`, for types that do not implement `Neg`.
-    fn negate(self) -> Self;
+    fn negate(&mut self);
 }
 
 /// A replacement for `std::ops::Mul` for types that do not implement it.
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ macro_rules! builtin_implementation {
 macro_rules! builtin_abelian_implementation {
     ($t:ty) => {
         impl Abelian for $t {
-            #[inline] fn negate(self) -> Self { -self }
+            #[inline] fn negate(&mut self) { *self = -*self; }
         }
     };
 }
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ macro_rules! wrapping_implementation {
         }
 
         impl Abelian for $t {
-            #[inline] fn negate(self) -> Self { -self }
+            #[inline] fn negate(&mut self) { *self = -*self; }
         }
 
         impl Multiply<Self> for $t {
@@ -225,9 +225,9 @@ mod tuples {
 
             impl<$($name: Abelian),*> Abelian for ($($name,)*) {
                 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                #[inline] fn negate(self) -> Self {
-                    let ($($name,)*) = self;
-                    ( $($name.negate(), )* )
+                #[inline] fn negate(&mut self) {
+                    let ($(ref mut $name,)*) = self;
+                    $($name.negate();)*
                 }
             }
 
@@ -301,11 +301,10 @@ mod vector {
     }
 
     impl<R: Abelian> Abelian for Vec<R> {
-        fn negate(mut self) -> Self {
+        fn negate(&mut self) {
             for update in self.iter_mut() {
-                *update = update.clone().negate();
+                update.negate();
             }
-            self
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/operators/arrange/arrangement.rs b/src/operators/arrange/arrangement.rs
index ac08382c7..370d085a6 100644
--- a/src/operators/arrange/arrangement.rs
+++ b/src/operators/arrange/arrangement.rs
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ where
             if !input.is_empty() {
                 logic(key, input, change);
             }
-            change.extend(output.drain(..).map(|(x,d)| (x, d.negate())));
+            change.extend(output.drain(..).map(|(x,mut d)| { d.negate(); (x, d) }));
             crate::consolidation::consolidate(change);
         })
     }
diff --git a/src/operators/reduce.rs b/src/operators/reduce.rs
index e15e15eff..580260575 100644
--- a/src/operators/reduce.rs
+++ b/src/operators/reduce.rs
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ pub trait ReduceCore<G: Scope, K: ToOwned + ?Sized, V: Data, R: Semigroup> where
                 if !input.is_empty() {
                     logic(key, input, change);
                 }
-                change.extend(output.drain(..).map(|(x,d)| (x, d.negate())));
+                change.extend(output.drain(..).map(|(x,mut d)| { d.negate(); (x, d) }));
                 crate::consolidation::consolidate(change);
             })
         }
diff --git a/src/operators/threshold.rs b/src/operators/threshold.rs
index 8e8548ece..3d8a405a2 100644
--- a/src/operators/threshold.rs
+++ b/src/operators/threshold.rs
@@ -43,7 +43,11 @@ pub trait ThresholdTotal<G: Scope, K: ExchangeData, R: ExchangeData+Semigroup> w
     fn threshold_total<R2: Abelian+'static, F: FnMut(&K,&R)->R2+'static>(&self, mut thresh: F) -> Collection<G, K, R2> {
         self.threshold_semigroup(move |key, new, old| {
             let mut new = thresh(key, new);
-            if let Some(old) = old { new.plus_equals(&thresh(key, old).negate()); }
+            if let Some(old) = old { 
+                let mut add = thresh(key, old);
+                add.negate();
+                new.plus_equals(&add); 
+            }
             if !new.is_zero() { Some(new) } else { None }
         })
     }