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Theory: Standard output

Standard output is the basic operation that displays information on a device. Not every program generates such output. By default, the standard output displays the data on the screen, but it is possible to redirect it to a file. On Hyperskill, you will often write programs that send data, for example, strings and numbers, to the standard output.

On Hyperskill, you will often write programs that send data, for example, strings and numbers, to the standard output.

  • Standard Output 은 정보를 디바이스에 표시하기 위한 것.

Printing text

Kotlin has two functions that send data to the standard output: println and print.

The println function (print line) displays a string followed by a new line on the screen. For example, the code snippet below prints four lines:

println("I")
println("know")
println("Kotlin")
println("well.")

Output

I
know
Kotlin
well.

As you can see, all strings are printed without double quotes. You can also print an empty line:

println("Kotlin is a modern programming language.")
println() // prints an empty line
println("It is used all over the world!")

Output:

Kotlin is a modern programming language.
 
It is used all over the world!

The print function displays a value and places the cursor after. Let's look at the example below. This piece of code outputs all strings in a single line:

print("I ")
print("know ")
print("Kotlin ")
print("well.")

Output:

I know Kotlin well.
  • Kotlin 에서 제공하는 Standard Output 함수는 크게 두 가지다. print 함수와 println 함수.
  • println 함수는 print line 이라는 뜻으로 문자열 다음에 줄바꿈이 수행된다.
  • print 함수 같은 경우에는 값을 출력하고 커서를 문자 다음으로 옮기는 식으로 진행된다. (즉 줄바꿈 같은건 없다.)

Printing numbers and characters

With println and print functions, a program can print not only strings but also numbers and characters.

Let's print two secret codes:

print(108)   // prints a number
print('c')   // prints a character
print("Q")   // prints a string
println('3') // prints a character that represents a digit 

print(22)
print('E')
print(8)
println('1')

Output:

108cQ3
22E81
  • print 와 println 함수 같은 경우는 String 만 출력하는게 아니라 숫자와 Character 타입도 출력이 가능하다.