diff --git a/.github/workflows/e2e.yaml b/.github/workflows/e2e.yaml
index 476b1320bc31..a38e3cadae66 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/e2e.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/e2e.yaml
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "${TARGET}"
           case "${TARGET}" in
             linux-amd64-e2e)
+              make gofail-enable
               VERBOSE=1 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 CPU=4 EXPECT_DEBUG=true make test-e2e-release
               ;;
             linux-386-e2e)
diff --git a/server/etcdserver/server.go b/server/etcdserver/server.go
index 0a8e2967e85b..1d48fa6732cb 100644
--- a/server/etcdserver/server.go
+++ b/server/etcdserver/server.go
@@ -1827,6 +1827,8 @@ func (s *EtcdServer) apply(
 			s.setTerm(e.Term)
 
 		case raftpb.EntryConfChange:
+			// gofail: var beforeApplyOneConfChange struct{}
+
 			// We need to toApply all WAL entries on top of v2store
 			// and only 'unapplied' (e.Index>backend.ConsistentIndex) on the backend.
 			shouldApplyV3 := membership.ApplyV2storeOnly
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ctl_v3_member_test.go b/tests/e2e/ctl_v3_member_test.go
index ccdc01bdf4da..ece5308a07a2 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/ctl_v3_member_test.go
+++ b/tests/e2e/ctl_v3_member_test.go
@@ -15,12 +15,15 @@
 package e2e
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
@@ -55,6 +58,81 @@ func TestCtlV3MemberUpdatePeerTLS(t *testing.T) {
 	testCtl(t, memberUpdateTest, withCfg(*e2e.NewConfigPeerTLS()))
 }
 
+func TestCtlV3ConsistentMemberList(t *testing.T) {
+	e2e.BeforeTest(t)
+
+	epc, err := e2e.NewEtcdProcessCluster(context.TODO(), t,
+		e2e.WithClusterSize(1),
+		e2e.WithWaitClusterReadyTimeout(0),
+		e2e.WithEnvVars(map[string]string{"GOFAIL_FAILPOINTS": `beforeApplyOneConfChange=sleep("2s")`}),
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to start etcd cluster: %v", err)
+	defer func() {
+		derr := epc.Close()
+		require.NoError(t, derr, "failed to close etcd cluster: %v", derr)
+	}()
+
+	t.Log("Adding and then removing a learner")
+	resp, err := epc.Etcdctl().MemberAddAsLearner(context.TODO(), "newLearner", []string{fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", e2e.EtcdProcessBasePort+11)})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = epc.Etcdctl().MemberRemove(context.TODO(), resp.Member.ID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	t.Logf("Added and then removed a learner with ID: %x", resp.Member.ID)
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(2)
+	stopc := make(chan struct{}, 2)
+
+	t.Log("Starting a goroutine to repeatedly restart etcdserver")
+	go func() {
+		defer func() {
+			stopc <- struct{}{}
+			wg.Done()
+		}()
+		for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+			select {
+			case <-stopc:
+				return
+			default:
+			}
+
+			merr := epc.Procs[0].Restart(context.TODO())
+			require.NoError(t, merr)
+			epc.WaitLeader(t)
+
+			time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	t.Log("Starting a goroutine to repeated check the member list")
+	count := 0
+	go func() {
+		defer func() {
+			stopc <- struct{}{}
+			wg.Done()
+		}()
+
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-stopc:
+				return
+			default:
+			}
+
+			mresp, merr := epc.Etcdctl().MemberList(context.TODO(), true)
+			if merr != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			count++
+			require.Equal(t, 1, len(mresp.Members))
+		}
+	}()
+
+	wg.Wait()
+	t.Logf("Checked the member list %d times", count)
+}
+
 func memberListTest(cx ctlCtx) {
 	if err := ctlV3MemberList(cx); err != nil {
 		cx.t.Fatalf("memberListTest ctlV3MemberList error (%v)", err)
diff --git a/tests/framework/e2e/cluster.go b/tests/framework/e2e/cluster.go
index e9c50df0f0f4..94d2f2e99267 100644
--- a/tests/framework/e2e/cluster.go
+++ b/tests/framework/e2e/cluster.go
@@ -193,6 +193,8 @@ type EtcdProcessClusterConfig struct {
 	ExperimentalWarningUnaryRequestDuration time.Duration
 	PeerProxy                               bool
 	WatchProcessNotifyInterval              time.Duration
+
+	WaitClusterReadyTimeout time.Duration
 }
 
 func DefaultConfig() *EtcdProcessClusterConfig {
@@ -371,6 +373,14 @@ func WithWatchProcessNotifyInterval(interval time.Duration) EPClusterOption {
 	return func(c *EtcdProcessClusterConfig) { c.WatchProcessNotifyInterval = interval }
 }
 
+func WithWaitClusterReadyTimeout(readyTimeout time.Duration) EPClusterOption {
+	return func(c *EtcdProcessClusterConfig) { c.WaitClusterReadyTimeout = readyTimeout }
+}
+
+func WithEnvVars(ev map[string]string) EPClusterOption {
+	return func(c *EtcdProcessClusterConfig) { c.EnvVars = ev }
+}
+
 func WithPeerProxy(enabled bool) EPClusterOption {
 	return func(c *EtcdProcessClusterConfig) { c.PeerProxy = enabled }
 }
@@ -610,6 +620,9 @@ func (cfg *EtcdProcessClusterConfig) EtcdServerProcessConfig(tb testing.TB, i in
 	if cfg.WatchProcessNotifyInterval != 0 {
 		args = append(args, "--experimental-watch-progress-notify-interval", cfg.WatchProcessNotifyInterval.String())
 	}
+	if cfg.WaitClusterReadyTimeout != 0 {
+		args = append(args, "--experimental-wait-cluster-ready-timeout", cfg.WaitClusterReadyTimeout.String())
+	}
 	if cfg.SnapshotCatchUpEntries != etcdserver.DefaultSnapshotCatchUpEntries {
 		if cfg.Version == CurrentVersion || (cfg.Version == MinorityLastVersion && i <= cfg.ClusterSize/2) || (cfg.Version == QuorumLastVersion && i > cfg.ClusterSize/2) {
 			args = append(args, "--experimental-snapshot-catchup-entries", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.SnapshotCatchUpEntries))