diff --git a/src/v2/kubernetes_cluster/proof/controller_runtime_safety.rs b/src/v2/kubernetes_cluster/proof/controller_runtime_safety.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f8168c3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/v2/kubernetes_cluster/proof/controller_runtime_safety.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+// Copyright 2022 VMware, Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#![allow(unused_imports)]
+use crate::kubernetes_api_objects::spec::prelude::*;
+use crate::temporal_logic::{defs::*, rules::*};
+use crate::v2::kubernetes_cluster::spec::{
+    api_server::{state_machine::transition_by_etcd, types::*},
+    cluster_state_machine::*,
+    controller::types::*,
+    external::{state_machine::*, types::*},
+    message::*,
+};
+use vstd::prelude::*;
+
+verus! {
+
+impl Cluster {
+
+pub open spec fn scheduled_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(controller_id: int) -> StatePred<ClusterState> {
+    |s: ClusterState| {
+        forall |key: ObjectRef|
+        #[trigger] s.scheduled_reconciles(controller_id).contains_key(key)
+            ==> s.scheduled_reconciles(controller_id)[key].metadata.uid.is_Some()
+            && s.scheduled_reconciles(controller_id)[key].metadata.uid.get_Some_0() < s.api_server.uid_counter
+    }
+}
+
+pub proof fn lemma_always_scheduled_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(self, spec: TempPred<ClusterState>, controller_id: int)
+    requires
+        spec.entails(lift_state(self.init())),
+        spec.entails(always(lift_action(self.next()))),
+        self.controller_models.contains_key(controller_id),
+    ensures spec.entails(always(lift_state(Self::scheduled_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(controller_id)))),
+{
+    let invariant = Self::scheduled_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(controller_id);
+    let stronger_next = |s, s_prime| {
+        &&& self.next()(s, s_prime)
+        &&& Self::each_object_in_etcd_is_weakly_well_formed()(s)
+        &&& Self::there_is_the_controller_state(controller_id)(s)
+    };
+    self.lemma_always_each_object_in_etcd_is_weakly_well_formed(spec);
+    self.lemma_always_there_is_the_controller_state(spec, controller_id);
+    combine_spec_entails_always_n!(
+        spec, lift_action(stronger_next), lift_action(self.next()),
+        lift_state(Self::each_object_in_etcd_is_weakly_well_formed()),
+        lift_state(Self::there_is_the_controller_state(controller_id))
+    );
+    init_invariant(spec, self.init(), stronger_next, invariant);
+}
+
+pub open spec fn triggering_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(controller_id: int) -> StatePred<ClusterState> {
+    |s: ClusterState| {
+        forall |key: ObjectRef|
+        #[trigger] s.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id).contains_key(key)
+            ==> s.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].triggering_cr.metadata.uid.is_Some()
+            && s.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].triggering_cr.metadata.uid.get_Some_0() < s.api_server.uid_counter
+    }
+}
+
+pub proof fn lemma_always_triggering_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(self, spec: TempPred<ClusterState>, controller_id: int)
+    requires
+        spec.entails(lift_state(self.init())),
+        spec.entails(always(lift_action(self.next()))),
+        self.controller_models.contains_key(controller_id),
+    ensures spec.entails(always(lift_state(Self::triggering_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(controller_id)))),
+{
+    let invariant = Self::triggering_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(controller_id);
+    let stronger_next = |s, s_prime| {
+        &&& self.next()(s, s_prime)
+        &&& Self::scheduled_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(controller_id)(s)
+        &&& Self::there_is_the_controller_state(controller_id)(s)
+    };
+    self.lemma_always_scheduled_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(spec, controller_id);
+    self.lemma_always_there_is_the_controller_state(spec, controller_id);
+    combine_spec_entails_always_n!(
+        spec, lift_action(stronger_next), lift_action(self.next()),
+        lift_state(Self::scheduled_cr_has_lower_uid_than_uid_counter(controller_id)),
+        lift_state(Self::there_is_the_controller_state(controller_id))
+    );
+    init_invariant(spec, self.init(), stronger_next, invariant);
+}
+
+// This lemma ensures that if a controller is at some reconcile state for a cr, there must be the pending request of the
+// reconcile state in flight or a corresponding response in flight.
+// Obviously, this requires that when controller enters the 'state' in reconcile_core, there must be a request generated;
+// otherwise, the pending request may not be there.
+// The proof is very straightforward:
+//   - Right after the controller enters 'state', the pending request is added to in_flight.
+//   - If the pending request is processed by kubernetes api, there will be a response in flight.
+//   - If the pending request is processed by external api, there will be a response in flight.
+//   - If the response is processed by the controller, the controller will create a new pending request in flight which
+//   allows the invariant to still hold.
+
+pub proof fn lemma_always_pending_req_in_flight_or_resp_in_flight_at_reconcile_state(self, spec: TempPred<ClusterState>, controller_id: int, key: ObjectRef, state: spec_fn(ReconcileLocalState) -> bool)
+    requires
+        self.controller_models.contains_key(controller_id),
+        forall |s| (#[trigger] state(s)) ==> s != (self.controller_models[controller_id].reconcile_model.init)(),
+        forall |cr, resp_o, pre_state| #[trigger] state((self.controller_models[controller_id].reconcile_model.transition)(cr, resp_o, pre_state).0) ==> (self.controller_models[controller_id].reconcile_model.transition)(cr, resp_o, pre_state).1.is_Some(),
+        spec.entails(lift_state(self.init())),
+        spec.entails(always(lift_action(self.next()))),
+        spec.entails(always(lift_state(Self::pending_req_of_key_is_unique_with_unique_id(controller_id, key)))),
+    ensures spec.entails(always(lift_state(Self::pending_req_in_flight_or_resp_in_flight_at_reconcile_state(controller_id, key, state)))),
+{
+    let invariant = Self::pending_req_in_flight_or_resp_in_flight_at_reconcile_state(controller_id, key, state);
+    let stronger_next = |s, s_prime| {
+        &&& self.next()(s, s_prime)
+        &&& Self::pending_req_of_key_is_unique_with_unique_id(controller_id, key)(s)
+        &&& Self::there_is_the_controller_state(controller_id)(s)
+    };
+    assert forall |s, s_prime| invariant(s) && #[trigger] stronger_next(s, s_prime) implies invariant(s_prime) by {
+        if Self::at_expected_reconcile_states(controller_id, key, state)(s_prime) {
+            let next_step = choose |step| self.next_step(s, s_prime, step);
+            let pending_req_msg = s.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].pending_req_msg.get_Some_0();
+            let resp = choose |msg| {
+                #[trigger] s.in_flight().contains(msg)
+                && resp_msg_matches_req_msg(msg, pending_req_msg)
+            };
+            match next_step {
+                Step::APIServerStep(input) => {
+                    if input == Some(pending_req_msg) {
+                        let resp_msg = transition_by_etcd(self.installed_types, pending_req_msg, s.api_server).1;
+                        assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(resp_msg));
+                    } else {
+                        if !s.in_flight().contains(pending_req_msg) {
+                            assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(resp));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                Step::BuiltinControllersStep(input) => {
+                    if s.in_flight().contains(pending_req_msg) {
+                        assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(s_prime.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].pending_req_msg.get_Some_0()));
+                    } else {
+                        assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(resp));
+                    }
+                }
+                Step::DropReqStep(input) => {
+                    if input.0 == pending_req_msg {
+                        let resp_msg = form_matched_err_resp_msg(pending_req_msg, input.1);
+                        assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(resp_msg));
+                    } else {
+                        if !s.in_flight().contains(pending_req_msg) {
+                            assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(resp));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                Step::ControllerStep(input) => {
+                    let input_controller_id = input.0;
+                    let input_cr_key = input.2.get_Some_0();
+                    if input_controller_id != controller_id || input_cr_key != key {
+                        if s.in_flight().contains(pending_req_msg) {
+                            assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(s_prime.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].pending_req_msg.get_Some_0()));
+                        } else {
+                            assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(resp));
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(s_prime.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].pending_req_msg.get_Some_0()));
+                    }
+                }
+                Step::ExternalStep(input) => {
+                    if input.0 == controller_id && input.1 == Some(pending_req_msg) {
+                        let resp_msg = transition_by_external(self.controller_models[controller_id].external_model.get_Some_0(), pending_req_msg, s.api_server.resources, s.controller_and_externals[controller_id].external.get_Some_0()).1;
+                        assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(resp_msg));
+                    } else {
+                        if !s.in_flight().contains(pending_req_msg) {
+                            assert(s_prime.in_flight().contains(resp));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    assert(invariant(s_prime));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    self.lemma_always_there_is_the_controller_state(spec, controller_id);
+    combine_spec_entails_always_n!(
+        spec, lift_action(stronger_next), lift_action(self.next()),
+        lift_state(Self::pending_req_of_key_is_unique_with_unique_id(controller_id, key)),
+        lift_state(Self::there_is_the_controller_state(controller_id))
+    );
+    init_invariant::<ClusterState>(spec, self.init(), stronger_next, invariant);
+}
+
+pub proof fn lemma_always_no_pending_req_msg_at_reconcile_state(self, spec: TempPred<ClusterState>, controller_id: int, key: ObjectRef, state: spec_fn(ReconcileLocalState) -> bool)
+    requires
+        self.controller_models.contains_key(controller_id),
+        spec.entails(lift_state(self.init())),
+        spec.entails(always(lift_action(self.next()))),
+        forall |cr, resp_o, pre_state| #[trigger] state((self.controller_models[controller_id].reconcile_model.transition)(cr, resp_o, pre_state).0) ==> (self.controller_models[controller_id].reconcile_model.transition)(cr, resp_o, pre_state).1.is_None(),
+    ensures spec.entails(always(lift_state(Self::no_pending_req_msg_at_reconcile_state(controller_id, key, state)))),
+{
+    let invariant = Self::no_pending_req_msg_at_reconcile_state(controller_id, key, state);
+    let stronger_next = |s, s_prime| {
+        &&& self.next()(s, s_prime)
+        &&& Self::there_is_the_controller_state(controller_id)(s)
+    };
+    assert forall |s, s_prime| invariant(s) && #[trigger] stronger_next(s, s_prime) implies invariant(s_prime) by {
+        if s_prime.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id).contains_key(key) && state(s_prime.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].local_state) {
+            if s.controller_and_externals[controller_id] == s_prime.controller_and_externals[controller_id] {
+                assert(s.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].pending_req_msg.is_None());
+                assert(s_prime.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].pending_req_msg.is_None());
+            } else {
+                assert(s_prime.ongoing_reconciles(controller_id)[key].pending_req_msg.is_None());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    self.lemma_always_there_is_the_controller_state(spec, controller_id);
+    combine_spec_entails_always_n!(
+        spec, lift_action(stronger_next), lift_action(self.next()),
+        lift_state(Self::there_is_the_controller_state(controller_id))
+    );
+    init_invariant(spec, self.init(), stronger_next, invariant);
+}
+
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/src/v2/kubernetes_cluster/proof/mod.rs b/src/v2/kubernetes_cluster/proof/mod.rs
index 18aba34d0..8c72e908d 100644
--- a/src/v2/kubernetes_cluster/proof/mod.rs
+++ b/src/v2/kubernetes_cluster/proof/mod.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 pub mod cluster;
 pub mod compositionality;
 pub mod controller_runtime_liveness;
+pub mod controller_runtime_safety;
 pub mod failures_liveness;
 pub mod garbage_collector;
 pub mod network;