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Fuzzing.md

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Fuzzing Tor

The simple version (no fuzzing, only tests)

Check out fuzzing-corpora, and set TOR_FUZZ_CORPORA to point to the place where you checked it out.

To run the fuzzing test cases in a deterministic fashion, use:

$ make test-fuzz-corpora

This won't actually fuzz Tor! It will just run all the fuzz binaries on our existing set of testcases for the fuzzer.

Different kinds of fuzzing

Right now we support three different kinds of fuzzer.

First, there's American Fuzzy Lop (AFL), a fuzzer that works by forking a target binary and passing it lots of different inputs on stdin. It's the trickiest one to set up, so I'll be describing it more below.

Second, there's libFuzzer, a llvm-based fuzzer that you link in as a library, and it runs a target function over and over. To use this one, you'll need to have a reasonably recent clang and libfuzzer installed. At that point, you just build with --enable-expensive-hardening and --enable-libfuzzer. That will produce a set of binaries in src/test/fuzz/lf-fuzz-* . These programs take as input a series of directories full of fuzzing examples. For more information on libfuzzer, see https://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html

Third, there's Google's OSS-Fuzz infrastructure, which expects to get all of its. For more on this, see https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz and the projects/tor subdirectory. You'll need to mess around with Docker a bit to test this one out; it's meant to run on Google's infrastructure.

In all cases, you'll need some starting examples to give the fuzzer when it starts out. There's a set in the "fuzzing-corpora" git repository. Try setting TOR_FUZZ_CORPORA to point to a checkout of that repository

Writing Tor fuzzers

A tor fuzzing harness should have:

  • a fuzz_init() function to set up any necessary global state.
  • a fuzz_main() function to receive input and pass it to a parser.
  • a fuzz_cleanup() function to clear global state.

Most fuzzing frameworks will produce many invalid inputs - a tor fuzzing harness should rejecting invalid inputs without crashing or behaving badly.

But the fuzzing harness should crash if tor fails an assertion, triggers a bug, or accesses memory it shouldn't. This helps fuzzing frameworks detect "interesting" cases.

Guided Fuzzing with AFL

There is no HTTPS, hash, or signature for American Fuzzy Lop's source code, so its integrity can't be verified. That said, you really shouldn't fuzz on a machine you care about, anyway.

To Build: Get AFL from http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/ and unpack it

$ cd afl
$ make
$ cd ../tor
$ PATH=$PATH:../afl/ CC="../afl/afl-gcc" ./configure --enable-expensive-hardening
$ AFL_HARDEN=1 make clean fuzzers

To Find The ASAN Memory Limit: (64-bit only)

On 64-bit platforms, afl needs to know how much memory ASAN uses, because ASAN tends to allocate a ridiculous amount of virtual memory, and then not actually use it.

Read afl/docs/notes_for_asan.txt for more details.

Download recidivm from https://jwilk.net/software/recidivm Download the signature Check the signature

$ tar xvzf recidivm*.tar.gz
$ cd recidivm*
$ make
$ /path/to/recidivm -v src/test/fuzz/fuzz-http

Use the final "ok" figure as the input to -m when calling afl-fuzz (Normally, recidivm would output a figure automatically, but in some cases, the fuzzing harness will hang when the memory limit is too small.)

You could also just say "none" instead of the memory limit below, if you don't care about memory limits.

To Run:

$ mkdir -p src/test/fuzz/fuzz_http_findings
$ ../afl/afl-fuzz -i ${TOR_FUZZ_CORPORA}/http -o src/test/fuzz/fuzz_http_findings -m <asan-memory-limit> -- src/test/fuzz/fuzz-http

AFL has a multi-core mode, check the documentation for details. You might find the included fuzz-multi.sh script useful for this.

macOS (OS X) requires slightly more preparation, including:

  • using afl-clang (or afl-clang-fast from the llvm directory)
  • disabling external crash reporting (AFL will guide you through this step)

Triaging Issues

Crashes are usually interesting, particularly if using AFL_HARDEN=1 and --enable-expensive-hardening. Sometimes crashes are due to bugs in the harness code.

Hangs might be interesting, but they might also be spurious machine slowdowns. Check if a hang is reproducible before reporting it. Sometimes, processing valid inputs may take a second or so, particularly with the fuzzer and sanitizers enabled.

To see what fuzz-http is doing with a test case, call it like this:

$ src/test/fuzz/fuzz-http --debug < /path/to/test.case

(Logging is disabled while fuzzing to increase fuzzing speed.)

Reporting Issues

Please report any issues discovered using the process in Tor's security issue policy:

https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/core/team/-/wikis/NetworkTeam/SecurityPolicy