[Java] Enable code review and formatting code through Spotless Maven plugin

[davisusanibar]

Describe the enhancement requested

As Java code increases, it will become increasingly important to implement code formatter best practices. As a result, we will be able to use spotless to:

• Reviewing code: Spotless can be used to identify issues related to format.
• Formatting code: Spotless can be used to automatically fix common formatting mistakes, such as spaces, newlines, and unnecessary imports.

This enhancement will propose replacing maven-checkstyle-plugin with spotless-maven-plugin, which is currently used by Java.

Component(s)

Java

[lidavidm]

What format does Spotless use? google-java-format has the advantage of IDE plugins that help with formatting, too

[davisusanibar]

What format does Spotless use? google-java-format has the advantage of IDE plugins that help with formatting, too

We are starting using google-java-format as you could see at https://github.com/davisusanibar/arrow/blob/97e68f5e66d890c34dde89d0727fbc294a82b869/java/pom.xml#L693. Also palantir-java-format is also available.

[vibhatha]

Closing in favor of the structured issue: #40757