diff --git a/contents/english/6-5-learning.md b/contents/english/6-5-learning.md index 14bf47bc..b178aaaa 100644 --- a/contents/english/6-5-learning.md +++ b/contents/english/6-5-learning.md @@ -1,11 +1,16 @@ # Learning -[quantitative estimate of impact on some metric] - Learning is a lifelong journey universally recognized around the globe. It begins with the influence of family, culture, and social circles, while the educational environment is a common collective experience along this journey. Different background stories shape the diverse communication languages, cooperation methods, and values in dealing with people and things between each other. For example, there are significant differences between the East and West, especially in the pursuit of knowledge and the integration of groups. The ⿻ technology of "collaboration across social differences" stimulates co-creation by bringing together different knowledge inheritance processes from around the world. To this end, learners can fully explore their own and society's potential, avoiding setting boundaries at the starting point. This requires building an open, non-dogmatic social cognition system, allowing everyone's unique talents to find appropriate space for expression without fear of communication. With the assistance of ⿻ technologies such as machine translation, shared reality, and cross-border communities like Wikipedia (3-3 The Lost Dao), the traditional rigid learning paths are supplemented and challenged, going beyond the scope of traditional classrooms and textbooks. +With the popularization of the Internet, collaborative learning environments have become more prevalent. The compound annual growth rate of the online learning market is estimated to exceed 10%[^OnlineEdu2032]. The improvement of cognitive skills is expected to increase the long-term economic growth rate of developing countries by 2%. Reports indicate[^RofCSE] that a workforce with such skills can achieve stable GDP growth (annual increment of 0.6%). Interactive and personalized collaborative learning environments can help more people achieve learning goals, master key skills[^EEgrowth], and meet society's resource development needs[^OECD]. + +[^OnlineEdu2032]: https://www.renub.com/online-education-market-p.php +[^OECD]: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/oecd-skills-outlook-2023\_27452f29-en +[^EEgrowth]: Economist Eric Hanushek's [research](https://www.educationnext.org/education-and-economic-growth/) shows that in developing countries, for each standard deviation increase in cognitive skills, the long-term economic growth rate can increase by 2 percentage points. This means that the impact of improving education quality on economic growth is even greater than years of schooling. +[^RofCSE]: [Eric A. Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann's paper](https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jel.46.3.607), published in the 2008 Journal of Economic Literature, analyzed the relationship between cognitive skills and economic growth in 50 countries and found a significant positive correlation between the two. + This chapter will depict how to empower communities to overcome rigid teaching models and adapt to the ⿻ environment of lifelong learning. Through these entertaining, collaborative problem-solving, and mission-oriented projects, we can bridge cultural divides. ### Resilient Learning Systems diff --git "a/contents/traditional-mandarin/6-5-\345\255\270\347\277\222.md" "b/contents/traditional-mandarin/6-5-\345\255\270\347\277\222.md" index 711fc846..351557b0 100644 --- "a/contents/traditional-mandarin/6-5-\345\255\270\347\277\222.md" +++ "b/contents/traditional-mandarin/6-5-\345\255\270\347\277\222.md" @@ -1,27 +1,32 @@ # 學習 -[對某些指標的影響進行量化估計] - 學習,是全球公認的終身之旅。它始於家庭、文化及社交圈的影響,而教育環境則是這趟旅程常見的集體經驗。不同的背景故事,塑造了彼此之間各異的溝通語言、合作方法與待人接物的價值觀,譬如東西方在對於知識的追求與群體的融入等理念上,尤其存在顯著差異。「跨越社會差異的協作」的⿻技術,促使各地相異的知識傳承過程激盪共創。 為此,學習者得以全面探索自身和社會的潛力,避免在起點就設定界限。這需要建設開放、非武斷的社會認知系統,讓每個人的獨特才華都能找到適宜的展現空間,且不懼怕溝通。在⿻技術的輔助下,如機器翻譯、共享實境、維基百科等跨境社群(3-3《我們遺忘的道》),補充也挑戰了傳統的制式學習路徑,超越了傳統教室和教科書的範疇。 +隨著網際網路的普及化,協作學習環境也更加普及。線上學習市場的複合年增長率估計超過 10%[^OnlineEdu2032]。認知技能的提高,可望讓發展中國家的長期經濟增長率增加 2%。報告指出[^RofCSE],具備敏捷認知技能的勞動力,可實現穩定的 GDP 成長(逐年增幅 0.6%)。互動性和個性化的協作學習環境,則可幫助更多人實現學習目標與掌握關鍵技能[^EEgrowth]、滿足社會的資源發展需求[^OECD]。 + +[^OnlineEdu2032]: https://www.renub.com/online-education-market-p.php +[^OECD]: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/oecd-skills-outlook-2023_27452f29-en +[^EEgrowth]: 經濟學家 Eric Hanushek 的[研究](https://www.educationnext.org/education-and-economic-growth/) 表明,在發展中國家,認知技能每提高一個標準差,長期經濟增長率可以提高 2 個百分點。這意味著教育品質的提升對經濟增長的影響,甚至大於受教育年限。 +[^RofCSE]: [Eric A. Hanushek 和 Ludger Woessmann 的論文](https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jel.46.3.607),刊登在 2008 年的《經濟文獻雜誌》分析了 50 個國家的認知技能與經濟成長之間的關係,發現二者呈顯著正相關。 + 本章將描繪如何賦予社群克服僵化教學模式的能力,適應終身學習的⿻環境。通過這些寓教於樂、協作解題、使命導向的專案,來跨越文化的鴻溝。 -具有韌性的學習體系 +### 具有韌性的學習體系 在 PISA[^PISA] & ICCS[^ICCS] 2022 年全球報告中指出,臺灣、日本、韓國和立陶宛在疫情期間逆勢成長,被認為是具有韌性的教育體系[^EdResilience]。臺灣在其中脫穎而出的因素之一,正是 108 課綱多元共創的教學模式,成功組合了實體與數位學習工具,並將「自發、互動、共好」視為新的核心價值,激發邁向全球永續發展的使命感[^EdSDGs]。 [^ICCS]: https://www.iea.nl/studies/iea/iccs/2022 [^PISA]: https://www.oecd.org/pisa/ & https://focustaiwan.tw/culture/202312060017 -[^EdResilience]: https://www.cna.com.tw/news/ahel/202312050365.aspx +[^EdResilience]: https://www.cna.com.tw/news/ahel/202312050365.aspx [^EdSDGs]: https://en.rti.org.tw/news/view/id/2010665 舉例來說,本書的封面字型「辰宇落雁體」[^Font],正是來自於兩位高二學生的自主學習計畫,活用了社群網絡與相關團隊共學。如此的自主創作,展示出從自身樂趣出發,體現開源協作的精神,學習過程中的知識創意在開放共享中熠熠生輝,鼓舞更多人參與[^FontBlog]。 -[^Font]: https://github.com/Chenyu-otf/chenyuluoyan_thin -[^FontBlog]: https://blog.luckertw.com/chenyuluoyan-interview/ +[^Font]: https://github.com/Chenyu-otf/chenyuluoyan_thin +[^FontBlog]: https://blog.luckertw.com/chenyuluoyan-interview/ 上個世紀的教育機構裡,學習往往依賴死記硬背與細節回憶;而缺乏開放內容的環境,則使得問題解決和團隊合作變得支離破碎。隨著各國實驗教育的活躍,同時涵蓋批判思維與人際溝通技能的自主學習模式應運而生。這兩種能力並非相互排斥,反而相輔相成,並在⿻技術輔助下,跨越彼此意識型態的局限,強化社會韌性。 @@ -35,10 +40,10 @@ 流動式的大學教育系統密涅瓦[^Minerva],打破了傳統校園的限制,學生每學期都要遷移至不同城市,透過學以致用的多元教學方法與相異的文化特徵互動。密涅瓦從學生遴選、學習方式這些都與傳統大學有所不同,採取全球招生、線上小組模式,鼓勵批判性思維與實際應用的合作性等的創新性也受到注目[^WURI]。 -[^LifelongL]: https://www.uil.unesco.org/en/learning-cities +[^LifelongL]: https://www.uil.unesco.org/en/learning-cities [^FuturelearnRefugeesCourses]: https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/collections/refugees-displaced-people -[^Minerva]:https://www.minerva.edu/ -[^WURI]: https://www.wuri.world/2023-global-top-100 +[^Minerva]:https://www.minerva.edu/ +[^WURI]: https://www.wuri.world/2023-global-top-100 臺灣的蓬勃技術社會(2-2,《數位民主的日常》)中提及的公民技術協作,也促進了親師生共同參與、從做中學的開源「萌典」[^Moedict]專案,這個服務上載了十六萬筆國語、兩萬筆台語、一萬四千筆客語條目,開放多樣性的編纂機制,使其成為一個多語言互動的線上公民字典,展示一種全球又在地化的「目錄共編」範式,它不僅支持廣泛社群的編寫空間,也作為不同語言和文化的交流提供平台。 @@ -82,7 +87,7 @@ AI 可以透過分析文化規範、社會習俗和語言細微的差異,來 然而,社會、政府和資本主義所灌輸的價值觀,往往源自於集體的依賴,比如父母對孩子的期望、伴侶間的相互要求、同儕間的相互擠兌與自我期許等理性與非理性因素,但這些不應成為個體成長與學習道路上的唯一指南針。正如泰勒·斯威夫特在紐約大學的致詞[^NYU2022]中所分享——勇敢成為心中想要的人——我們鼓勵的方式是一種自然而然,允許在開放、多元的學習歷程中發現自我、享受學習樂趣,正是讓人們探索的動能。 -[^NYU2022]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBG50aoUwlI +[^NYU2022]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBG50aoUwlI 自團體生活如學校中所學到的知識技能如禮儀,是一種打交道的東西、是尊重人權、理解自由、多樣性的認知,是畢業後、職場和生活中應對各種情境的工具,這提醒了我們,學習不僅是知識的累積過程,也是「身分與社群歸屬感的建立過程」,而且是更為豐富的交織狀態。例如,業餘無線電(Amateur Radio,也被稱為 Ham Radio)社群對科學、工業、社會服務、衛星通訊的重大貢獻,正是基於學習的樂趣和強烈的社群認同感。