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README-RPI.MD

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Raspberry Pi - Setup

Install Raspberry Pi OS to (Micro-) SD card

Option 1: With Raspberry Pi Imager (Linux & Windows)

  1. Select Raspberry Pi OS Lite
  2. Select your (Micro-) SD card
  3. Write

Option 2: Manually (Linux)

  1. Download Raspberry Pi OS Lite from raspberrypi.org (images)

    wget -O ~/Downloads/raspios-buster-armhf-lite.zip  "https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2021-05-28/2021-05-07-raspios-buster-armhf-lite.zip"

  2. Unzip OS image:

    unzip -p  ~/Downloads/raspios-buster-armhf-lite.zip > ~/Downloads/raspios-buster-armhf-lite.img

  3. Determine target device

    lsblk

    or as root before USB device (card reader or card) was plugged in:

    sudo dmesg --follow

    then plug in your USB device or card and check most recent messages (my card reader connected as sda):

    [261428.423017] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 30572544 512-byte logical blocks: (15.7 GB/14.6 GiB)

    check size of device to be sure that you use correct target device.

    Attention: If you select wrong target device, you will lose important data or destroy you local OS.

  4. Write image to new/empty (Micro-) SD card as root:

    if= Source file [Raspberry OS image]

    of= Target device [(Micro-) SD card]: /dev/"your target device"

    Attention: Wrong target device will result in data loss

    sudo dd if=(readlink -f ~/Downloads/raspios-buster-armhf-lite.img) of=/dev/sda bs=4MB

Configuration (including headless usage)

Prepare Raspberry Pi OS to be used without Keyboard and weak power source like regular USB port.

Re-plug your (Micro-) SD card and open boot partition (first partition with about 300 MB).

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

Wi-Fi

Provide Wi-Fi credentials with file wpa_supplicant.conf to connect automatically on first boot:

<Country ISO code> ISO/IEC alpha2 country code in which the device is operating

<SSID of your Wi-Fi> SSID of your Wi-Fi

<Passwort of your Wi-Fi> Password of your Wi-Fi

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
country=<Country ISO code, like 'DE'>

network={
        ssid="<SSID of your Wi-Fi>"
        psk="<Passwort of your Wi-Fi>"
}

Ex. create file via shell/bash from Linux command line:

cat <<EOF>/mnt/wpa_supplicant.conf
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
country=DE

network={
        ssid="MyWiFiNetwork"
        psk="MyVerySecureWiFiPassword"
}
EOF

SSH

Create file "ssh.txt" with content "ssh" to automatically enable ssh server.

Ex. create file via shell/bash from Linux command line:

echo "ssh">/mnt/ssh.txt

Silent boot (emit no messages)

  1. Disable Raspberry OS splash screen by adding this snippet to existing file config.txt (vi /mnt/config.txt): 
    # no color splash/test screen on boot
disable_splash=1

Adjust Framebuffer color mode

Modify existing file config.txt (vi /mnt/config.txt):

framebuffer_depth=32
framebuffer_ignore_alpha=1
gpu_mem_256=96
gpu_mem_512=128
gpu_mem_1024=196

HDMI configuration

Overscan

Modify existing file config.txt (vi /mnt/config.txt):

# uncomment this if your display has a black border of unused pixels visible
# and your display can output without overscan
disable_overscan=1

DMT (computer monitor) modes

Modify existing file config.txt (vi /mnt/config.txt):

# uncomment to force a HDMI mode rather than DVI. This can make audio work in
# DMT (computer monitor) modes
hdmi_drive=2

Power / Energy options

Disable some less important features by adding following section to existing file config.txt (vi /mnt/config.txt) (German pages: Power Saving notes, Power Saving):

# Disable the ACT LED.
dtparam=act_led_trigger=none
dtparam=act_led_activelow=off

# Disable the PWR LED.
dtparam=pwr_led_trigger=none
dtparam=pwr_led_activelow=off

# Disable Bluetooth
dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt

Use prepared (Micro-) SD card

  1. Unmount boot partition: sudo umnount /mnt

  2. Unplug your (Micro-) SD card

  3. Plug (Micro-) SD card into your Raspberry Pi

  4. Connect monitor to your Raspberry Pi

  5. Connect Power Adapter or Connect Raspberry Pis power port to USB port of your monitor if available

  6. After you can see raspberrypi login: prompt on monitor connected to Raspberry Pi, connect via ssh to IP shown few lines above with line My IP address is 192.168.[...]:

    ssh [email protected]

    If you get an error message like Too many authentication failures you can try:

    ssh -o PubkeyAuthentication=no [email protected]

    Hint: Default password raspberry

  7. Setup locales and Timezone:

    1. Run Raspberry Configuration tool: `sudo raspi-config
    2. Goto Localisation Options -> Locale
    3. Select your locale like de_DE.UTF-8 and press Ok
    4. Select default locale 'en_GB.UTF-8', or your previously selected locale
    5. Goto Localisation Options -> Timezone
    6. Select your Timezone like Europe\Berlin

  8. Install and setup some basic applications

    1. Install automated security updates and vim 
      sudo apt update
sudo apt -y full-upgrade 
sudo apt -y install vim unattended-upgrades
    2. Setup automated updates

  9. Proceed with DigiFrame setup