RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded on NextJS v15 Middleware

[CarlWangMK]

Before opening, please confirm:

• I have searched for duplicate or closed issues and discussions.
• I have read the guide for submitting bug reports.
• I have done my best to include a minimal, self-contained set of instructions for consistently reproducing the issue.

JavaScript Framework

Next.js

Amplify APIs

Authentication

Amplify Version

v6

Amplify Categories

auth

Backend

None

Environment information

  System:
    OS: Windows 10 10.0.19045
    CPU: (12) x64 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1235U
    Memory: 2.57 GB / 15.64 GB
  Binaries:
    Node: 22.12.0 - C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.EXE 
    npm: 11.0.0 - C:\Program Files\nodejs\npm.CMD    
  Browsers:
    Edge: Chromium (131.0.2903.112)
    Internet Explorer: 11.0.19041.4355
  npmPackages:
    @ampproject/toolbox-optimizer:  undefined ()     
    @aws-amplify/adapter-nextjs: ^1.0.27 => 1.0.27   
    @aws-amplify/adapter-nextjs/api:  undefined ()   
    @aws-amplify/adapter-nextjs/data:  undefined ()  
    @babel/core:  undefined ()
    @babel/runtime:  7.22.5 
    @edge-runtime/cookies:  6.0.0 
    @edge-runtime/ponyfill:  4.0.0 
    @edge-runtime/primitives:  6.0.0 
    @hapi/accept:  undefined ()
    @heroicons/react: ^2.1.3 => 2.1.3 
    @mswjs/interceptors:  undefined ()
    @napi-rs/triples:  undefined ()
    @next/font:  undefined ()
    @opentelemetry/api:  undefined ()
    @tailwindcss/forms: ^0.5.7 => 0.5.7
    @types/node: ^20 => 20.12.2
    @types/react: ^18 => 18.2.73
    @types/react-dom: ^18 => 18.2.23
    @vercel/nft:  undefined ()
    @vercel/og:  0.6.4
    acorn:  undefined ()
    amphtml-validator:  undefined ()
    anser:  undefined ()
    assert:  undefined ()
    async-retry:  undefined ()
    async-sema:  undefined ()
    autoprefixer: ^10.0.1 => 10.4.19
    aws-amplify: ^6.0.27 => 6.0.27
    aws-amplify/adapter-core:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/analytics:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/analytics/kinesis:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/analytics/kinesis-firehose:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/analytics/personalize:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/analytics/pinpoint:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/api:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/api/server:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/auth:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/auth/cognito:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/auth/cognito/server:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/auth/enable-oauth-listener:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/auth/server:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/data:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/data/server:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/datastore:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/in-app-messaging:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/in-app-messaging/pinpoint:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/push-notifications:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/push-notifications/pinpoint:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/storage:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/storage/s3:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/storage/s3/server:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/storage/server:  undefined ()
    aws-amplify/utils:  undefined ()
    babel-packages:  undefined ()
    browserify-zlib:  undefined ()
    browserslist:  undefined ()
    buffer:  undefined ()
    bytes:  undefined ()
    ci-info:  undefined ()
    cli-select:  undefined ()
    client-only:  0.0.1
    clsx: ^2.1.0 => 2.1.0
    commander:  undefined ()
    comment-json:  undefined ()
    compression:  undefined ()
    conf:  undefined ()
    constants-browserify:  undefined ()
    content-disposition:  undefined ()
    content-type:  undefined ()
    cookie:  undefined ()
    cross-spawn:  undefined ()
    crypto-browserify:  undefined ()
    css.escape:  undefined ()
    data-uri-to-buffer:  undefined ()
    debug:  undefined ()
    devalue:  undefined ()
    domain-browser:  undefined ()
    edge-runtime:  undefined ()
    eslint: ^8 => 8.57.0
    eslint-config-next: 14.1.4 => 14.1.4
    events:  undefined ()
    find-up:  undefined ()
    fresh:  undefined ()
    glob:  undefined ()
    gzip-size:  undefined ()
    http-proxy:  undefined ()
    http-proxy-agent:  undefined ()
    https-browserify:  undefined ()
    https-proxy-agent:  undefined ()
    icss-utils:  undefined ()
    ignore-loader:  undefined ()
    image-size:  undefined ()
    is-animated:  undefined ()
    is-docker:  undefined ()
    is-wsl:  undefined ()
    jest-worker:  undefined ()
    json5:  undefined ()
    jsonwebtoken:  undefined ()
    loader-runner:  undefined ()
    loader-utils:  undefined ()
    lodash.curry:  undefined ()
    lru-cache:  undefined ()
    mini-css-extract-plugin:  undefined ()
    nanoid:  undefined ()
    native-url:  undefined ()
    neo-async:  undefined ()
    next: 14.1.4 => 15.1.7
    node-fetch:  undefined ()
    node-html-parser:  undefined ()
    ora:  undefined ()
    os-browserify:  undefined ()
    p-limit:  undefined ()
    p-queue:  undefined ()
    path-browserify:  undefined ()
    path-to-regexp:  undefined ()
    picomatch:  undefined ()
    platform:  undefined ()
    postcss: ^8 => 8.4.38 (8.4.31)
    postcss-flexbugs-fixes:  undefined ()
    postcss-modules-extract-imports:  undefined ()
    postcss-modules-local-by-default:  undefined ()
    postcss-modules-scope:  undefined ()
    postcss-modules-values:  undefined ()
    postcss-preset-env:  undefined ()
    postcss-safe-parser:  undefined ()
    postcss-scss:  undefined ()
    postcss-value-parser:  undefined ()
    process:  undefined ()
    punycode:  undefined ()
    querystring-es3:  undefined ()
    raw-body:  undefined ()
    react: ^18 => 18.2.0
    react-builtin:  undefined ()
    react-dom: ^18 => 18.2.0
    react-dom-builtin:  undefined ()
    react-dom-experimental-builtin:  undefined ()
    react-experimental-builtin:  undefined ()
    react-is:  19.0.0-rc-65e06cb7-20241218
    react-refresh:  0.12.0
    react-server-dom-turbopack-builtin:  undefined ()
    react-server-dom-turbopack-experimental-builtin:  undefined ()
    react-server-dom-webpack-builtin:  undefined ()
    react-server-dom-webpack-experimental-builtin:  undefined ()
    regenerator-runtime:  0.13.4
    sass-loader:  undefined ()
    scheduler-builtin:  undefined ()
    scheduler-experimental-builtin:  undefined ()
    schema-utils:  undefined ()
    semver:  undefined ()
    send:  undefined ()
    server-only:  0.0.1
    setimmediate:  undefined ()
    shell-quote:  undefined ()
    source-map:  undefined ()
    source-map08:  undefined ()
    stacktrace-parser:  undefined ()
    stream-browserify:  undefined ()
    stream-http:  undefined ()
    string-hash:  undefined ()
    string_decoder:  undefined ()
    strip-ansi:  undefined ()
    superstruct:  undefined ()
    tailwindcss: ^3.3.0 => 3.4.3
    tar:  undefined ()
    terser:  undefined ()
    text-table:  undefined ()
    timers-browserify:  undefined ()
    tty-browserify:  undefined ()
    typescript: ^5 => 5.4.3
    ua-parser-js:  undefined ()
    unistore:  undefined ()
    util:  undefined ()
    vm-browserify:  undefined ()
    watchpack:  undefined ()
    web-vitals:  undefined ()
    webpack:  undefined ()
    webpack-sources:  undefined ()
    ws:  undefined ()
    zod:  undefined ()
    zod-validation-error:  undefined ()
  npmGlobalPackages:
    npm: 11.0.0

Describe the bug

This issue only occurs if middleware.ts in the src directory is calling runWithAmplifyServerContext() in an async context. In the middleware function, as long as runWithAmplifyServerContext() is not executed, this error will not happen.

Expected behavior

NextJS app compiles frontend without displaying error

Reproduction steps

1. Git clone this repository: https://github.com/alexrusin/nextjs-cognito-auth (used this repository as a reference while implementing cognito authentication and authorization, same issue will occur. Same issue happens on the repository I'm working on)
2. Update NextJS to latest version 15.1.7: npm i next@latest
3. Update aws-amplify and @aws-amplify/adapter-nextjs to latest (optional)
4. Run npm run dev

Code Snippet

In middleware.ts:

import { type NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";
import { authenticatedUser } from "./utils/amplify-server-utils";

export async function middleware(request: NextRequest) {
  const response = NextResponse.next();
  
  // Commenting out this line and all references to "user" makes the error go away
  const user = await authenticatedUser({ request, response });

  const isOnDashboard = request.nextUrl.pathname.startsWith("/dashboard");
  const isOnAdminArea =
    request.nextUrl.pathname.startsWith("/dashboard/admins");

  if (isOnDashboard) {
    if (!user)
      return NextResponse.redirect(new URL("/auth/login", request.nextUrl));
    if (isOnAdminArea && !user.isAdmin)
      return NextResponse.redirect(new URL("/dashboard", request.nextUrl));
    return response;
  } else if (user) {
    return NextResponse.redirect(new URL("/dashboard", request.nextUrl));
  }
}

export const config = {
  /*
   * Match all request paths except for the ones starting with
   */
  matcher: ["/((?!api|_next/static|_next/image|.*\\.png$).*)"],
};

In amplify-server-utils

import { authConfig } from "@/app/amplify-cognito-config";
import { NextServer, createServerRunner } from "@aws-amplify/adapter-nextjs";
import { fetchAuthSession, getCurrentUser } from "aws-amplify/auth/server";

export const { runWithAmplifyServerContext } = createServerRunner({
  config: {
    Auth: authConfig,
  },
});

export async function authenticatedUser(context: NextServer.Context) {
  // runWithAmplifyServerContext seems to be the culprit
  return await runWithAmplifyServerContext({
    nextServerContext: context,
    operation: async (contextSpec) => {
      try {
        const session = await fetchAuthSession(contextSpec);
        if (!session.tokens) {
          return;
        }
        const user = {
          ...(await getCurrentUser(contextSpec)),
          isAdmin: false,
        };
        const groups = session.tokens.accessToken.payload["cognito:groups"];
        // @ts-ignore
        user.isAdmin = Boolean(groups && groups.includes("Admins"));

        return user;
      } catch (error) {
        console.log(error);
      }
    },
  });
}

Log output

// Put your logs below this line

aws-exports.js

Amplify.configure({
    Auth: {
        Cognito: {
            userPoolClientId: String(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_USER_CLIENT_ID),
            userPoolId: String(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_USER_POOL_ID),
            loginWith: {
                email: true,
            },
            userAttributes: {
                email: {
                    required: true
                },
                given_name: {
                    required: true
                },
                family_name: {
                    required: true
                },
            },
        }
    }
})

Manual configuration

No response

Additional configuration

No response

Mobile Device

No response

Mobile Operating System

No response

Mobile Browser

No response

Mobile Browser Version

No response

Additional information and screenshots

I found that downgrading NextJS version 15 makes this issue goes away, to something like version 14, but I would prefer to not do this.

[HuiSF]

Hi @CarlWangMK thanks for reporting this issue. Looking at the screenshot shown error log and stack trace, it look like an internal function for parsing the Amplify configuration cannot terminate the recursive process.

Could you provide the authConfig object structure imported from @/app/amplify-cognito-config?