diff --git a/cargo-dist/src/config/mod.rs b/cargo-dist/src/config/mod.rs
index 438961bd8..21d51f47b 100644
--- a/cargo-dist/src/config/mod.rs
+++ b/cargo-dist/src/config/mod.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ use crate::{
     METADATA_DIST,
 };
 
+mod version;
+pub use version::{get_version, ConfigVersion};
+
 pub mod v0;
 pub mod v0_to_v1;
 pub mod v1;
diff --git a/cargo-dist/src/config/v0_to_v1.rs b/cargo-dist/src/config/v0_to_v1.rs
index 6ffb0ef5a..58859cd5f 100644
--- a/cargo-dist/src/config/v0_to_v1.rs
+++ b/cargo-dist/src/config/v0_to_v1.rs
@@ -354,6 +354,8 @@ impl DistMetadata {
 
         TomlLayer {
             dist_version: cargo_dist_version,
+            // v0_to_v1 means we're using a v0 config, so just set that.
+            config_version: crate::config::ConfigVersion::V0,
             dist_url_override: cargo_dist_url_override,
             dist,
             allow_dirty,
diff --git a/cargo-dist/src/config/v1/mod.rs b/cargo-dist/src/config/v1/mod.rs
index bd10f1121..ee8738109 100644
--- a/cargo-dist/src/config/v1/mod.rs
+++ b/cargo-dist/src/config/v1/mod.rs
@@ -250,6 +250,7 @@ impl ApplyLayer for WorkspaceConfigInheritable {
             allow_dirty,
             dist_version,
             dist_url_override,
+            config_version: _,
             // app-scope only
             dist: _,
             targets: _,
@@ -361,6 +362,7 @@ impl ApplyLayer for AppConfigInheritable {
             allow_dirty: _,
             dist_version: _,
             dist_url_override: _,
+            config_version: _,
         }: Self::Layer,
     ) {
         self.artifacts.apply_val_layer(artifacts);
@@ -388,6 +390,10 @@ pub struct TomlLayer {
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub dist_version: Option<Version>,
 
+    /// The configuration file version.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub config_version: crate::config::version::ConfigVersion,
+
     /// see [`CargoDistUrlOverride`]
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub dist_url_override: Option<CargoDistUrlOverride>,
diff --git a/cargo-dist/src/config/version.rs b/cargo-dist/src/config/version.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c52d596d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cargo-dist/src/config/version.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+//! For determining which configuration version we're using.
+
+use axoasset::SourceFile;
+use camino::Utf8PathBuf;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::DistResult;
+
+/// Represents all known configuration versions.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(untagged)]
+pub enum ConfigVersion {
+    /// The original legacy configuration formats are all lumped in as V0.
+    #[serde(rename = "0")]
+    V0 = 0,
+    /// The current configuration format.
+    #[serde(rename = "1")]
+    #[default]
+    V1 = 1,
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for ConfigVersion {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", self.clone() as i64)
+    }
+}
+
+// Extremely minimal struct designed to differentiate between config versions.
+// V0 does not have the `config-version` field, so will fail to parse.
+// V1+ should have it, so will parse, and contain a `config_version` field.
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
+struct FauxDistTable {
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    config_version: ConfigVersion,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct FauxConfig {
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    dist: FauxDistTable,
+}
+
+/// Return the config version used for the root workspace.
+pub fn get_version() -> DistResult<ConfigVersion> {
+    let workspaces = super::get_project()?;
+    let root_workspace = workspaces.root_workspace();
+
+    get_version_for_manifest(root_workspace.manifest_path.to_owned())
+}
+
+/// Given a path to a dist manifest (e.g. `dist-workspace.toml`), returns
+/// the config version being used.
+pub fn get_version_for_manifest(dist_manifest_path: Utf8PathBuf) -> DistResult<ConfigVersion> {
+    if dist_manifest_path.file_name() != Some("dist-workspace.toml") {
+        // If the manifest is in Cargo.toml or dist.toml, we're
+        // definitely using a v0 config.
+        return Ok(ConfigVersion::V0);
+    }
+
+    let src = SourceFile::load_local(&dist_manifest_path)?;
+
+    let Ok(config) = src.deserialize_toml::<FauxConfig>() else {
+        // If we could load it, but can't parse it, it's likely v0.
+        return Ok(ConfigVersion::V0);
+    };
+
+    let version = config.dist.config_version;
+
+    Ok(version)
+}
diff --git a/cargo-dist/src/init.rs b/cargo-dist/src/init.rs
index a8d549e96..df9e04023 100644
--- a/cargo-dist/src/init.rs
+++ b/cargo-dist/src/init.rs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use camino::Utf8PathBuf;
 use dist_schema::TripleNameRef;
 use semver::Version;
 use serde::Deserialize;
+use tracing::debug;
 
 use crate::{
     config::{
@@ -203,6 +204,7 @@ fn do_migrate_from_dist_toml() -> DistResult<()> {
 pub fn do_migrate() -> DistResult<()> {
     do_migrate_from_rust_workspace()?;
     do_migrate_from_dist_toml()?;
+    debug!("dist.config-version = {}", config::get_version()?);
     //do_migrate_from_v0()?;
     Ok(())
 }