Measuring cycles and optimized bzero()

[ghost]

The intrinsic function _rdtsc() doesn't serialize the processor, so you'll get even more 'unstable' readings from the timescamp counter... It is prudent to use your own as in:

inline uint64_t __rdtsc(void)
{
   uint32_t a, d;

  __asm__ __volatile__ ( "xorl %%eax,%%eax\t\n
                         "cpuid\t\n"
                         "rdtsc" 
                         : "=a" (a), "=d" (d) : : 
#ifdef __x86_64
                         "rbx", "rcx"
#else
                         "ebx", "ecx"
#endif
  );

  return ((uint64_t)d << 32) + a;
}

In newer processors (Sandy Bridge or superior, if I'm not mistaken), a single REP STOSB is faster than the combination of REP STOSD and REP STOSB... And even faster than using SIMD... So, your bzero() routine can be a single macro as:

#define bzero(ptr, cnt) \
  __asm__ __volatile__ ( \
    "rep; movsb" \
    : : "D" (ptr), "c" (cnt), "a" (0) \
  );

[]s
Fred

[ghost]

If you like, this is my implementation based on your bzero approach:

#include <stddef.h>

// This is the exported symbol for our function.
void (*_bzero)(void *, size_t);

static void enhanced_bzero(void *ptr, size_t size)
{
  __asm__ __volatile__ (
    "xorb %%al,%%al\n\t"
    "rep; movsb" : : "D" (ptr), "c" (size)
  );
}

static void my_bzero(void *ptr, size_t size)
{
  // Store as many dwords as possible.
  __asm__ __volatile__ (
    "rep; movsl" : "+D" (ptr) : "c" (size & -4), "a" (0)
  );

  // Store the remaining (maximum 3) bytes.
  __asm__ __volatile__ (
    "rep; movsb" : : "D" (ptr), "c" (size & 3), "a" (0)
  );
}

// This will be called only on program initialization, nowhere else.
__attribute__((constructor))
static void bzero_init(void)
{
  int b;

  // The CPU has the REP MOVSB/STOSB enhancement?
  __asm__ __volatile__ (
    "cpuid" : "=b" (b) : "a" (7), "c" (0) :
#ifdef __x86_64
    "rdx"
#else
    "edx"
#endif
  );

  if (b & (1 << 9))
    _bzero = enhanced_bzero;
  else
    _bzero = my_bzero;
}