diff --git a/.github/workflows/integration_test.yaml b/.github/workflows/integration_test.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index 727e3f8..0000000
--- a/.github/workflows/integration_test.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-name: Integration tests
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-
-jobs:
-  integration-tests:
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        juju-version: [ 3.3/stable, 3.4/stable, 3.5/stable ]
-    uses: canonical/operator-workflows/.github/workflows/integration_test.yaml@main
-    secrets: inherit
-    with:
-      extra-arguments: -x --localstack-address 172.17.0.1
-      pre-run-script: localstack-installation.sh
-      charmcraft-channel: latest/edge
-      modules: '["test_charm.py", "test_cos.py", "test_database.py", "test_db_migration.py", "test_django.py", "test_django_integrations.py", "test_fastapi.py", "test_go.py", "test_integrations.py", "test_proxy.py", "test_workers.py"]'
-      rockcraft-channel: latest/edge
-      juju-channel: ${{ matrix.juju-version }}
-      channel: 1.29-strict/stable
diff --git a/.github/workflows/spread_test.yaml b/.github/workflows/spread_test.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..89e93f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/spread_test.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+name: e2e smoke tests with spread
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+    - master
+  pull_request:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  run-spread-tests:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        spread_job: ['github-ci:ubuntu-22.04-amd64:tests/spread/', 'github-ci:ubuntu-22.04-amd64:tests/spread/scenario/']
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          check-latest: true
+          go-version: 'stable'
+
+      - name: Install spread
+        run: |
+          go install github.com/snapcore/spread/cmd/spread@latest
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          sudo adduser --gecos "" --disabled-password ubuntu
+          echo "ubuntu:ubuntu" | sudo chpasswd
+          spread ${{ matrix.spread_job }}
+
+      - name: Tmate debugging session
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+        uses: mxschmitt/action-tmate@v3
+        timeout-minutes: 15
diff --git a/.licenserc.yaml b/.licenserc.yaml
index 42efa2c..09412ec 100644
--- a/.licenserc.yaml
+++ b/.licenserc.yaml
@@ -33,4 +33,5 @@ header:
     - 'examples/django/charm/lib/charms/redis_k8s/v0/redis.py'
     - 'examples/flask/lib/charms/redis_k8s/v0/redis.py'
     - 'examples/go/charm/lib/charms/redis_k8s/v0/redis.py'
+    - 'tests/spread/**'
   comment: on-failure
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 2b98188..10fe190 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ extend-exclude = '''
   |   examples/django/charm/lib/.*
   |   examples/fastapi/charm/lib/.*
   |   examples/go/charm/lib/.*
+  |   tests/spread/.*
 )
 '''
 
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ profile = "black"
 max-line-length = 99
 max-doc-length = 99
 max-complexity = 10
-exclude = [".git", "__pycache__", ".tox", "build", "dist", "*.egg_info", "venv", "examples/*/lib/**"]
+exclude = [".git", "__pycache__", ".tox", "build", "dist", "*.egg_info", "venv", "examples/*/lib/**", "tests/spread/**"]
 select = ["E", "W", "F", "C", "N", "R", "D", "H"]
 # Ignore W503, E501 because using black creates errors with this
 # Ignore D107 Missing docstring in __init__
diff --git a/spread.yaml b/spread.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d36c00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spread.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+# Copyright 2024 Canonical Ltd.
+# See LICENSE file for licensing details.
+
+project: paas-charm
+
+environment:
+  PROVIDER: microk8s
+  CHARMCRAFT_CHANNEL: latest/edge
+  CHARMCRAFT_REPOSITORY: $(HOST:echo $CHARMCRAFT_REPOSITORY)
+  # CHARMCRAFT_REPOSITORY: https://github.com/canonical/charmcraft.git
+  CHARMCRAFT_BRANCH: main
+  # PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH: $(HOST:echo $GITHUB_SHA)
+  PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH: 4f05187b15d3e55ad0b401f95af02045aba6d418
+  ROCKCRAFT_CHANNEL: latest/edge
+  JUJU_CHANNEL: 3/stable
+  LXD_CHANNEL: latest/stable
+  MICROK8S_CHANNEL: 1.28-strict/stable
+  MICROK8S_ADDONS: hostpath-storage registry
+
+  JUJU_BOOTSTRAP_OPTIONS: --model-default test-mode=true --model-default automatically-retry-hooks=false --model-default
+  JUJU_EXTRA_BOOTSTRAP_OPTIONS: ""
+  JUJU_BOOTSTRAP_CONSTRAINTS: ""
+
+  # important to ensure adhoc and linode/qemu behave the same
+  SUDO_USER: ""
+  SUDO_UID: ""
+
+  LANG: "C.UTF-8"
+  LANGUAGE: "en"
+
+  PROJECT_PATH: /home/spread/proj
+  CRAFT_TEST_LIB_PATH: /home/spread/proj/tests/spread/lib
+
+  PATH: /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin:$CRAFT_TEST_LIB_PATH/tools
+
+backends:
+  multipass:
+    type: adhoc
+    allocate: |
+      # Mitigate issues found when launching multiple mutipass instances
+      # concurrently. See https://github.com/canonical/multipass/issues/3336
+      sleep 0.$RANDOM
+      sleep 0.$RANDOM
+      sleep 0.$RANDOM
+
+      mkdir -p "$HOME/.spread"
+      export counter_file="$HOME/.spread/multipass-count"
+
+      # Sequential variable for unique instance names
+      instance_num=$(flock -x $counter_file bash -c '
+        [ -s $counter_file ] || echo 0 > $counter_file
+        num=$(< $counter_file)
+        echo $num
+        echo $(( $num + 1 )) > $counter_file')
+
+      multipass_image=$(echo "${SPREAD_SYSTEM}" | sed -e s/ubuntu-// -e s/-64//)
+
+      system=$(echo "${SPREAD_SYSTEM}" | tr . -)
+      instance_name="spread-${SPREAD_BACKEND}-${instance_num}-${system}"
+
+      multipass launch -vv --cpus 4 --disk 30G --memory 6G --name "${instance_name}" \
+        --cloud-init tests/spread/lib/cloud-config.yaml "${multipass_image}"
+
+      # Get the IP from the instance
+      ip=$(multipass info --format csv "$instance_name" | tail -1 | cut -d\, -f3)
+      ADDRESS "$ip"
+
+    discard: |
+      instance_name=$(multipass list --format csv | grep $SPREAD_SYSTEM_ADDRESS | cut -f1 -d\,)
+      multipass delete --purge "${instance_name}"
+
+    systems:
+      - ubuntu-22.04:
+          username: spread
+          password: spread
+          workers: 1
+
+  github-ci:
+    type: adhoc
+
+    allocate: |
+      echo "Allocating ad-hoc $SPREAD_SYSTEM"
+      if [ -z "${GITHUB_RUN_ID:-}" ]; then
+        FATAL "this back-end only works inside GitHub CI"
+        exit 1
+      fi
+      # echo 'ubuntu ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' > /etc/sudoers.d/99-spread-users
+      echo 'ubuntu ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/99-spread-users
+      ADDRESS localhost:22
+
+    discard: |
+      echo "Discarding ad-hoc $SPREAD_SYSTEM"
+
+    systems:
+      - ubuntu-22.04-amd64:
+          username: ubuntu
+          password: ubuntu
+          workers: 1
+
+  lxd:
+    systems:
+      - ubuntu-22.04-64:
+          image: ubuntu:22.04
+          profiles:
+            - default
+            # With this profile, it works: https://microk8s.io/docs/install-lxd
+            - microk8s
+
+suites:
+  tests/spread/general/:
+    summary: Charm functionality tests
+
+    systems:
+      - ubuntu-22.04*
+
+    environment:
+      # CHARMCRAFT_CHANNEL/charmcraft_current: latest/stable
+      # CHARMCRAFT_CHANNEL/charmcraft_next: latest/candidate
+      CHARMCRAFT_CHANNEL/charmcraft_edge: latest/edge
+
+    prepare: |
+      set -e
+      . "$CRAFT_TEST_LIB_PATH"/test-helpers.sh
+      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y
+      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y python3-pip git jq
+      pip3 install tox
+
+      install_lxd
+      install_charmcraft
+      install_rockcraft
+      install_juju
+      install_microk8s
+
+      bootstrap_juju
+
+    prepare-each: |
+      set -e
+      juju add-model testing
+
+    restore: |
+      set -e
+      . "$CRAFT_TEST_LIB_PATH"/test-helpers.sh
+      # rm -f "$PROJECT_PATH"/*.charm
+      # charmcraft clean -p "$PROJECT_PATH"
+
+      restore_juju
+      restore_charmcraft
+      restore_rockcraft
+      restore_microk8s
+      restore_lxd
+
+    restore-each: |
+      set -e
+      juju destroy-model --no-prompt --destroy-storage --force --no-wait testing
+      # delete all lxc instances, as they tend to occupy a lot of space
+      # TODO USE JSON?
+      lxc list --all-projects | tail -n +3 | grep -v "\-\-\-" |  awk ' { print "lxc delete --project " $2 " " $4 " --force" }'  | bash -x
+
+  tests/spread/scenario/:
+    summary: Charm scenario smoke tests without juju/k8s
+
+    systems:
+      - ubuntu-22.04*
+
+    prepare: |
+      set -e
+      . "$CRAFT_TEST_LIB_PATH"/test-helpers.sh
+      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y
+      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y python3-pip git jq
+      pip3 install tox
+
+      install_lxd
+      install_charmcraft
+
+    restore: |
+      set -e
+      . "$CRAFT_TEST_LIB_PATH"/test-helpers.sh
+      restore_charmcraft
+      restore_lxd
+
+exclude:
+  - .git
+  - .tox
+
+path: /home/spread/proj
+
+prepare: |
+  snap refresh --hold
+
+  if systemctl is-enabled unattended-upgrades.service; then
+    systemctl stop unattended-upgrades.service
+    systemctl mask unattended-upgrades.service
+  fi
+
+restore: |
+  apt autoremove -y --purge
+  rm -Rf "$PROJECT_PATH"
+  mkdir -p "$PROJECT_PATH"
+
+
+kill-timeout: 1h
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/__init__.py b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/asgi.py b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/asgi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86ad1e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/asgi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+ASGI config for django_hello_world project.
+
+It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/howto/deployment/asgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'django_hello_world.settings')
+
+application = get_asgi_application()
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/settings.py b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/settings.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9954c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/settings.py
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+"""
+Django settings for django_hello_world project.
+
+Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 5.1.2.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/topics/settings/
+
+For the full list of settings and their values, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/
+"""
+
+import json
+import os
+import secrets
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
+BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+
+
+# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
+# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
+SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('DJANGO_SECRET_KEY', secrets.token_hex(32))
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
+DEBUG = os.environ.get('DJANGO_DEBUG', 'false') == 'true'
+
+ALLOWED_HOSTS = json.loads(os.environ.get('DJANGO_ALLOWED_HOSTS', '[]'))
+
+
+# Application definition
+
+INSTALLED_APPS = [
+    'django.contrib.admin',
+    'django.contrib.auth',
+    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
+    'django.contrib.sessions',
+    'django.contrib.messages',
+    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
+]
+
+MIDDLEWARE = [
+    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
+    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
+    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
+    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
+    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
+    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
+    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
+]
+
+ROOT_URLCONF = 'django_hello_world.urls'
+
+TEMPLATES = [
+    {
+        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
+        'DIRS': [],
+        'APP_DIRS': True,
+        'OPTIONS': {
+            'context_processors': [
+                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
+                'django.template.context_processors.request',
+                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
+                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+]
+
+WSGI_APPLICATION = 'django_hello_world.wsgi.application'
+
+
+# Database
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/#databases
+
+DATABASES = {
+    'default': {
+        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
+        'NAME': os.environ.get('POSTGRESQL_DB_NAME'),
+        'USER': os.environ.get('POSTGRESQL_DB_USERNAME'),
+        'PASSWORD': os.environ.get('POSTGRESQL_DB_PASSWORD'),
+        'HOST': os.environ.get('POSTGRESQL_DB_HOSTNAME'),
+        'PORT': os.environ.get('POSTGRESQL_DB_PORT'),
+    }
+}
+
+# Password validation
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
+
+AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
+    {
+        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
+    },
+    {
+        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
+    },
+    {
+        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
+    },
+    {
+        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
+    },
+]
+
+
+# Internationalization
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/topics/i18n/
+
+LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
+
+TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
+
+USE_I18N = True
+
+USE_TZ = True
+
+
+# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/howto/static-files/
+
+STATIC_URL = 'static/'
+
+# Default primary key field type
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
+
+DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/urls.py b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/urls.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74a1868
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/urls.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"""
+URL configuration for django_hello_world project.
+
+The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
+    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/topics/http/urls/
+Examples:
+Function views
+    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
+Class-based views
+    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
+Including another URLconf
+    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
+"""
+from django.contrib import admin
+from django.urls import path
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
+]
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/wsgi.py b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/wsgi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc64d81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/django_hello_world/wsgi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+WSGI config for django_hello_world project.
+
+It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/howto/deployment/wsgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'django_hello_world.settings')
+
+application = get_wsgi_application()
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/manage.py b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/manage.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f604d2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/django/django_hello_world/manage.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
+import os
+import sys
+
+
+def main():
+    """Run administrative tasks."""
+    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'django_hello_world.settings')
+    try:
+        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
+    except ImportError as exc:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
+            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
+            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
+        ) from exc
+    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/django/requirements.txt b/tests/spread/general/django/requirements.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f003952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/django/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+django
+psycopg2-binary
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/django/task.yaml b/tests/spread/general/django/task.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48dac43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/django/task.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+summary: Smoke test for django-framework
+
+execute: |
+  rockcraft init --profile django-framework --name django-hello-world
+  ROCKCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true rockcraft pack
+  rockcraft.skopeo --insecure-policy copy --dest-tls-verify=false \
+   oci-archive:django-hello-world_0.1_amd64.rock \
+   docker://localhost:32000/django-hello-world:0.1
+
+  mkdir charm
+  cd charm
+  charmcraft init --profile django-framework --name django-hello-world
+  echo "requires: {postgresql: {interface: postgresql_client, optional: false, limit: 1}}" >> charmcraft.yaml
+
+  if [ ! -z "$PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH" ]; then
+      echo Using paas_charm $PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH
+      echo "parts: {0-git: {plugin: nil, build-packages: [git]}}" >> charmcraft.yaml
+      sed -i "s~paas-charm.*~paas-charm @ git+https://github.com/canonical/paas-charm@${PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH}~" requirements.txt
+  fi
+
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft fetch-libs
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft pack
+
+  juju deploy postgresql-k8s --channel 14/stable --trust
+
+  juju deploy ./django-hello-world_ubuntu-22.04-amd64.charm django-hello-world \
+   --resource django-app-image=localhost:32000/django-hello-world:0.1
+
+  # once the django-allowed-hosts base url is ready, we could use directly something like
+  # curl --fail django-hello-world.testing:8000 --resolve django-hello-world.testing:8000:${UNIT_IP}
+  juju config django-hello-world django-allowed-hosts='*' django-debug=true
+
+  juju integrate postgresql-k8s django-hello-world
+
+  juju wait-for application django-hello-world
+
+  UNIT_IP=$(juju status --format json | jq -r '.applications."django-hello-world".address') && echo $UNIT_IP
+  retry -n 20 --wait 2 curl --fail "${UNIT_IP}:8000"
+  [[ \"$(curl --fail "${UNIT_IP}:8000")\" =~ "The install worked successfully!" ]]
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/fastapi/app.py b/tests/spread/general/fastapi/app.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21f80ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/fastapi/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+async def root():
+    return {"message": "Hello, world"}
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/fastapi/requirements.txt b/tests/spread/general/fastapi/requirements.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13712cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/fastapi/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+fastapi[standard]
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/fastapi/task.yaml b/tests/spread/general/fastapi/task.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be25619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/fastapi/task.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+summary: Smoke test for fastapi-framework
+
+execute: |
+  rockcraft init --profile fastapi-framework --name fastapi-hello-world
+  ROCKCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true rockcraft pack
+  rockcraft.skopeo --insecure-policy copy --dest-tls-verify=false \
+   oci-archive:fastapi-hello-world_0.1_amd64.rock \
+   docker://localhost:32000/fastapi-hello-world:0.1
+
+  mkdir charm
+  cd charm
+  charmcraft init --profile fastapi-framework --name fastapi-hello-world
+
+  if [ ! -z "$PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH" ]; then
+      echo Using paas_charm $PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH
+      echo "parts: {0-git: {plugin: nil, build-packages: [git]}}" >> charmcraft.yaml
+      sed -i "s~paas-charm.*~paas-charm @ git+https://github.com/canonical/paas-charm@${PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH}~" requirements.txt
+  fi
+
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft fetch-libs
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft pack
+
+  juju deploy ./fastapi-hello-world_amd64.charm fastapi-hello-world \
+   --resource app-image=localhost:32000/fastapi-hello-world:0.1
+
+  juju wait-for application fastapi-hello-world
+
+  UNIT_IP=$(juju status --format json | jq -r '.applications."fastapi-hello-world".address') && echo $UNIT_IP
+  retry -n 20 --wait 2 curl --fail "${UNIT_IP}:8080"
+  [[ \"$(curl --fail "${UNIT_IP}:8080")\" =~ "Hello, world" ]]
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/flask/app.py b/tests/spread/general/flask/app.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40230f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/flask/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import flask
+
+app = flask.Flask(__name__)
+
+@app.route("/")
+def index():
+    return "Hello, world!\n"
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app.run()
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/flask/requirements.txt b/tests/spread/general/flask/requirements.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e10602
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/flask/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+flask
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/flask/task.yaml b/tests/spread/general/flask/task.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8313404
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/flask/task.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+summary: Smoke test for flask-framework
+
+execute: |
+  rockcraft init --profile flask-framework --name flask-hello-world
+  ROCKCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true rockcraft pack
+  rockcraft.skopeo --insecure-policy copy --dest-tls-verify=false \
+   oci-archive:flask-hello-world_0.1_amd64.rock \
+   docker://localhost:32000/flask-hello-world:0.1
+
+  mkdir charm
+  cd charm
+  charmcraft init --profile flask-framework --name flask-hello-world
+
+  if [ ! -z "$PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH" ]; then
+      echo Using paas_charm $PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH
+      echo "parts: {0-git: {plugin: nil, build-packages: [git]}}" >> charmcraft.yaml
+      sed -i "s~paas-charm.*~paas-charm @ git+https://github.com/canonical/paas-charm@${PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH}~" requirements.txt
+  fi
+
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft fetch-libs
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft pack
+
+  juju deploy ./flask-hello-world_ubuntu-22.04-amd64.charm flask-hello-world \
+   --resource flask-app-image=localhost:32000/flask-hello-world:0.1
+
+  juju wait-for application flask-hello-world
+
+  UNIT_IP=$(juju status --format json | jq -r '.applications."flask-hello-world".address') && echo $UNIT_IP
+  retry -n 20 --wait 2 curl --fail "${UNIT_IP}:8000"
+  [[ \"$(curl --fail "${UNIT_IP}:8000")\" =~ "Hello, world" ]]
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/go/go.mod b/tests/spread/general/go/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ae76f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/go/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module go-hello-world
+
+go 1.23.2
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/go/main.go b/tests/spread/general/go/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54889cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/go/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+func helloWorldHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+	log.Printf("new hello world request")
+	fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, world!")
+}
+
+func main() {
+	log.Printf("starting hello world application")
+	http.HandleFunc("/", helloWorldHandler)
+	http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/spread/general/go/task.yaml b/tests/spread/general/go/task.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e80fa32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/general/go/task.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+summary: Smoke test for go-framework
+
+execute: |
+  rockcraft init --profile go-framework --name go-hello-world
+  ROCKCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true rockcraft pack
+  rockcraft.skopeo --insecure-policy copy --dest-tls-verify=false \
+   oci-archive:go-hello-world_0.1_amd64.rock \
+   docker://localhost:32000/go-hello-world:0.1
+
+  mkdir charm
+  cd charm
+  charmcraft init --profile go-framework --name go-hello-world
+
+  if [ ! -z "$PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH" ]; then
+      echo Using paas_charm $PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH
+      echo "parts: {0-git: {plugin: nil, build-packages: [git]}}" >> charmcraft.yaml
+      sed -i "s~paas-charm.*~paas-charm @ git+https://github.com/canonical/paas-charm@${PAAS_CHARM_BRANCH}~" requirements.txt
+  fi
+
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft fetch-libs
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft pack
+
+  juju deploy ./go-hello-world_amd64.charm go-hello-world \
+   --resource app-image=localhost:32000/go-hello-world:0.1
+
+  juju wait-for application go-hello-world
+
+  UNIT_IP=$(juju status --format json | jq -r '.applications."go-hello-world".address') && echo $UNIT_IP
+  retry -n 20 --wait 2 curl --fail "${UNIT_IP}:8080"
+  [[ \"$(curl --fail "${UNIT_IP}:8080")\" =~ "Hello, world" ]]
diff --git a/tests/spread/lib/cloud-config.yaml b/tests/spread/lib/cloud-config.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29618c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/lib/cloud-config.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#cloud-config
+
+ssh_pwauth: true
+
+users:
+  - default
+  - name: spread
+    plain_text_passwd: spread
+    lock_passwd: false
+    sudo: ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
diff --git a/tests/spread/lib/test-helpers.sh b/tests/spread/lib/test-helpers.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e71a73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/lib/test-helpers.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+# shellcheck disable=all
+
+export PATH=/snap/bin:$PROJECT_PATH/tests/spread/lib/tools:$PATH
+export CONTROLLER_NAME="craft-test-$PROVIDER"
+
+
+install_lxd() {
+    snap install lxd --channel "$LXD_CHANNEL"
+    snap refresh lxd --channel "$LXD_CHANNEL"
+    lxd waitready
+    lxd init --auto
+    chmod a+wr /var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/unix.socket
+    lxc network set lxdbr0 ipv6.address none
+    usermod -a -G lxd "$USER"
+
+    # Work-around clash between docker and lxd on jammy
+    # https://github.com/docker/for-linux/issues/1034
+    iptables -F FORWARD
+    iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
+}
+
+
+install_microk8s() {
+    snap install microk8s --channel "$MICROK8S_CHANNEL"
+    snap refresh microk8s --channel "$MICROK8S_CHANNEL"
+    microk8s status --wait-ready
+
+    if [ ! -z "$MICROK8S_ADDONS" ]; then
+        microk8s enable $MICROK8S_ADDONS
+    fi
+
+    local version=$(snap list microk8s | grep microk8s | awk '{ print $2 }')
+
+    # workarounds for https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju/+bug/1937282
+    retry microk8s kubectl -n kube-system rollout status deployment/coredns
+    retry microk8s kubectl -n kube-system rollout status deployment/hostpath-provisioner
+
+    retry microk8s kubectl auth can-i create pods
+}
+
+
+install_charmcraft() {
+    if [ ! -z "$CHARMCRAFT_REPOSITORY" ]; then
+	echo "Compiling charmcraft from source"
+	snap install snapcraft --classic
+	# where are we?
+	git clone "$CHARMCRAFT_REPOSITORY" --branch "$CHARMCRAFT_BRANCH" charmcraftrepo
+	cd charmcraftrepo
+	snapcraft --use-lxd -o charmcraft.snap
+	snap install ./charmcraft.snap --classic --dangerous
+	cd ..
+	snap remove --purge snapcraft
+	rm -rf ./charmcraftrepo
+    else
+	snap install charmcraft --classic --channel "$CHARMCRAFT_CHANNEL"
+	snap refresh charmcraft --classic --channel "$CHARMCRAFT_CHANNEL"
+    fi
+}
+
+install_rockcraft() {
+    snap install rockcraft --classic --channel "$ROCKCRAFT_CHANNEL"
+    snap refresh rockcraft --classic --channel "$ROCKCRAFT_CHANNEL"
+}
+
+install_juju() {
+    snap install juju --classic --channel "$JUJU_CHANNEL"
+    snap refresh juju --classic --channel "$JUJU_CHANNEL"
+    mkdir -p "$HOME"/.local/share/juju
+    snap install juju-crashdump --classic
+}
+
+
+bootstrap_juju() {
+    juju bootstrap --verbose "$PROVIDER" "$CONTROLLER_NAME" \
+      $JUJU_BOOTSTRAP_OPTIONS $JUJU_EXTRA_BOOTSTRAP_OPTIONS \
+      --bootstrap-constraints=$JUJU_BOOTSTRAP_CONSTRAINTS
+}
+
+
+restore_charmcraft() {
+    snap remove --purge charmcraft
+}
+
+
+restore_rockcraft() {
+    snap remove --purge rockcraft
+}
+
+
+restore_lxd() {
+    snap stop lxd
+    snap remove --purge lxd
+}
+
+
+restore_microk8s() {
+    snap stop microk8s
+    snap remove --purge microk8s
+}
+
+
+restore_juju() {
+    juju controllers --refresh ||:
+    juju destroy-controller -v --no-prompt --show-log \
+       --destroy-storage --destroy-all-models "$CONTROLLER_NAME"
+    snap stop juju
+    snap remove --purge juju
+    snap remove --purge juju-crashdump
+}
diff --git a/tests/spread/lib/tools/retry b/tests/spread/lib/tools/retry
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..233ad37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/lib/tools/retry
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import itertools
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+
+
+def envpair(s: str) -> str:
+    if not "=" in s:
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
+            "environment variables expected format is 'KEY=VAL' got '{}'".format(s)
+        )
+    return s
+
+
+def _make_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="""
+Retry executes COMMAND at most N times, waiting for SECONDS between each
+attempt. On failure the exit code from the final attempt is returned.
+"""
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-n",
+        "--attempts",
+        metavar="N",
+        type=int,
+        default=10,
+        help="number of attempts (default %(default)s)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--wait",
+        metavar="SECONDS",
+        type=float,
+        default=5,
+        help="grace period between attempts (default %(default)ss)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--env",
+        type=envpair,
+        metavar="KEY=VAL",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="environment variable to use with format KEY=VALUE (no default)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--maxmins",
+        metavar="MINUTES",
+        type=float,
+        default=0,
+        help="number of minutes after which to give up (no default, if set attempts is ignored)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--expect-rc",
+        metavar="RETCODE",
+        type=int,
+        default=0,
+        help="the expected return code to consider the command execution successful (default 0)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--quiet",
+        dest="verbose",
+        action="store_false",
+        default=True,
+        help="refrain from printing any output",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("cmd", metavar="COMMAND", nargs="...", help="command to execute")
+    return parser
+
+
+def get_env(env: list[str]) -> dict[str, str]:
+    new_env = os.environ.copy()
+    maxsplit = 1  # no keyword support for str.split() in py2
+    for key, val in [s.split("=", maxsplit) for s in env]:
+        new_env[key] = val
+    return new_env
+
+
+def run_cmd(
+    cmd: list[str],
+    n: int,
+    wait: float,
+    maxmins: float,
+    verbose: bool,
+    env: list[str],
+    expect_rc: bool,
+) -> int:
+    if maxmins != 0:
+        attempts = itertools.count(1)
+        t0 = time.time()
+        after = "{} minutes".format(maxmins)
+        of_attempts_suffix = ""
+    else:
+        attempts = range(1, n + 1)
+        after = "{} attempts".format(n)
+        of_attempts_suffix = " of {}".format(n)
+    retcode = 0
+    i = 0
+    new_env = get_env(env)
+    for i in attempts:
+        retcode = subprocess.call(cmd, env=new_env)
+        if retcode == expect_rc:
+            return 0
+        if verbose:
+            print(
+                f"retry: command {' '.join(cmd)} unexpected code {retcode}",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+        if maxmins != 0:
+            elapsed = (time.time() - t0) / 60
+            if elapsed > maxmins:
+                break
+        if i < n or maxmins != 0:
+            if verbose:
+                print(
+                    f"retry: next attempt in {wait} second(s) (attempt {i}{of_attempts_suffix})",
+                    file=sys.stderr,
+                )
+            time.sleep(wait)
+
+    if verbose and i > 1:
+        print(
+            f"retry: command {' '.join(cmd)} keeps failing after {after}",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+    return retcode
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    parser = _make_parser()
+    ns = parser.parse_args()
+    # The command cannot be empty but it is difficult to express in argparse itself.
+    if len(ns.cmd) == 0:
+        parser.print_usage()
+        parser.exit(0)
+    # Return the last exit code as the exit code of this process.
+    try:
+        retcode = run_cmd(
+            ns.cmd, ns.attempts, ns.wait, ns.maxmins, ns.verbose, ns.env, ns.expect_rc
+        )
+    except OSError as exc:
+        if ns.verbose:
+            print(
+                "retry: cannot execute command {}: {}".format(" ".join(ns.cmd), exc),
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+        raise SystemExit(1)
+    else:
+        raise SystemExit(retcode)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/task.yaml b/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/task.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0421606
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/task.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+summary: Scenario test for flask-framework
+
+environment:
+  PROFILE_NAME/flask: flask
+  PROFILE_NAME/django: django
+  PROFILE_NAME/go: go
+  PROFILE_NAME/fastapi: fastapi
+
+
+execute: |
+  set -e
+  charmcraft init --profile ${PROFILE_NAME}-framework --name hello-world --force
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft fetch-libs
+
+  # expand charmcraft.yaml, as it is not expanded by ops testing
+  CHARMCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_EXTENSIONS=true charmcraft expand-extensions > charmcraft-expanded.yaml
+  mv charmcraft-expanded.yaml charmcraft.yaml
+
+  tox -c task_tox.ini -e unit
+
+restore: |
+  rm charmcraft.yaml
+  rm requirements.txt
+  rm -rf ./src
diff --git a/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/task_tox.ini b/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/task_tox.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5097fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/task_tox.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Copyright 2024 Canonical
+# See LICENSE file for licensing details.
+
+[tox]
+no_package = True
+skip_missing_interpreters = True
+env_list = format, lint, static
+min_version = 4.0.0
+
+[vars]
+src_path = {tox_root}/src
+tests_path = {tox_root}/tests
+lib_path = {tox_root}/lib/charms/operator_name_with_underscores
+all_path = {[vars]src_path}
+
+[testenv]
+set_env =
+    PYTHONPATH = {tox_root}/lib:{[vars]src_path}
+    PYTHONBREAKPOINT=pdb.set_trace
+    PY_COLORS=1
+pass_env =
+    PYTHONPATH
+    CHARM_BUILD_DIR
+    MODEL_SETTINGS
+
+[testenv:unit]
+description = Run unit tests
+deps =
+    pytest
+    coverage[toml]
+    ops-scenario
+    -r {tox_root}/requirements.txt
+commands =
+    coverage run --source={[vars]src_path} \
+                 -m pytest \
+                 --tb native \
+                 -v \
+                 -s \
+                 {posargs} \
+                 {[vars]tests_path}/unit
+    coverage report
+
diff --git a/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/tests/unit/test_charm.py b/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/tests/unit/test_charm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e59a0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spread/scenario/smoke/tests/unit/test_charm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Copyright 2024 Canonical Ltd.
+# See LICENSE file for licensing details.
+
+"""Smoke scenario test for Flask."""
+
+
+import scenario
+import scenario.errors
+from charm import HelloWorldCharm
+
+
+def test_smoke():
+    """The only goal of this test is a smoke test, that is, that the charm does not raise."""
+    ctx = scenario.Context(HelloWorldCharm)
+    container_name = next(iter(ctx.charm_spec.meta['containers'].keys()))
+    container = scenario.Container(
+        name=container_name,
+        can_connect=True,
+    )
+    state_in = scenario.State(containers={container})
+    out = ctx.run(
+        ctx.on.pebble_ready(container),
+        state_in,
+    )
+    assert type(out.unit_status) in (scenario.WaitingStatus, scenario.BlockedStatus)