From 4b1182f498445c94cda4c97f3913f557f7117be0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: bumzy Date: Sun, 8 Jul 2018 12:00:36 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1/3] fix Makefile --- Makefile | 11 ++++++----- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index fbe36a3..c3a1e4c 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -1,7 +1,8 @@ -all: httpd - +all: httpd client +LIBS = -lpthread #-lsocket httpd: httpd.c - gcc -W -Wall -lpthread -o httpd httpd.c - + gcc -g -W -Wall $(LIBS) -o $@ $< +client: simpleclient.c + gcc -W -Wall -o $@ $< clean: - rm httpd + rm httpd client From 1861f8504f1db21155ac48d56f206aa78f2e352e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: bumzy Date: Sun, 8 Jul 2018 12:22:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 2/3] fix code style --- httpd.c | 880 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------- simpleclient.c | 68 ++-- 2 files changed, 457 insertions(+), 491 deletions(-) diff --git a/httpd.c b/httpd.c index 9df30b6..fd79db7 100644 --- a/httpd.c +++ b/httpd.c @@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ * 4) Uncomment the line that runs accept_request(). * 5) Remove -lsocket from the Makefile. */ - - /* - 代码中除了用到 C 语言标准库的一些函数,也用到了一些与环境有关的函数(例如POSIX标准) - 具体可以参读《The Linux Programming Interface》,以下简称《TLPI》,页码指示均为英文版 - - 注释者: github: cbsheng - */ + +/* + 代码中除了用到 C 语言标准库的一些函数,也用到了一些与环境有关的函数(例如POSIX标准) + 具体可以参读《The Linux Programming Interface》,以下简称《TLPI》,页码指示均为英文版 + + 注释者: github: cbsheng +*/ #include #include #include @@ -55,134 +55,125 @@ void unimplemented(int); * return. Process the request appropriately. * Parameters: the socket connected to the client */ /**********************************************************************/ -void accept_request(int client) -{ - char buf[1024]; - int numchars; - char method[255]; - char url[255]; - char path[512]; - size_t i, j; - struct stat st; - int cgi = 0; /* becomes true if server decides this is a CGI +void accept_request(int client) { + char buf[1024]; + int numchars; + char method[255]; + char url[255]; + char path[512]; + size_t i, j; + struct stat st; + int cgi = 0; /* becomes true if server decides this is a CGI * program */ - char *query_string = NULL; - - //读http 请求的第一行数据(request line),把请求方法存进 method 中 - numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); - i = 0; j = 0; - while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(method) - 1)) - { - method[i] = buf[j]; - i++; j++; - } - method[i] = '\0'; - - //如果请求的方法不是 GET 或 POST 任意一个的话就直接发送 response 告诉客户端没实现该方法 - if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") && strcasecmp(method, "POST")) - { - unimplemented(client); - return; - } - - //如果是 POST 方法就将 cgi 标志变量置一(true) - if (strcasecmp(method, "POST") == 0) - cgi = 1; - - i = 0; - //跳过所有的空白字符(空格) - while (ISspace(buf[j]) && (j < sizeof(buf))) - j++; - - //然后把 URL 读出来放到 url 数组中 - while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(url) - 1) && (j < sizeof(buf))) - { - url[i] = buf[j]; - i++; j++; - } - url[i] = '\0'; - - //如果这个请求是一个 GET 方法的话 - if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) - { - //用一个指针指向 url - query_string = url; - - //去遍历这个 url,跳过字符 ?前面的所有字符,如果遍历完毕也没找到字符 ?则退出循环 - while ((*query_string != '?') && (*query_string != '\0')) - query_string++; - - //退出循环后检查当前的字符是 ?还是字符串(url)的结尾 - if (*query_string == '?') - { - //如果是 ? 的话,证明这个请求需要调用 cgi,将 cgi 标志变量置一(true) - cgi = 1; - //从字符 ? 处把字符串 url 给分隔会两份 - *query_string = '\0'; - //使指针指向字符 ?后面的那个字符 - query_string++; - } - } - - //将前面分隔两份的前面那份字符串,拼接在字符串htdocs的后面之后就输出存储到数组 path 中。相当于现在 path 中存储着一个字符串 - sprintf(path, "htdocs%s", url); - - //如果 path 数组中的这个字符串的最后一个字符是以字符 / 结尾的话,就拼接上一个"index.html"的字符串。首页的意思 - if (path[strlen(path) - 1] == '/') - strcat(path, "index.html"); - - //在系统上去查询该文件是否存在 - if (stat(path, &st) == -1) { - //如果不存在,那把这次 http 的请求后续的内容(head 和 body)全部读完并忽略 - while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ - numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); - //然后返回一个找不到文件的 response 给客户端 - not_found(client); - } - else - { - //文件存在,那去跟常量S_IFMT相与,相与之后的值可以用来判断该文件是什么类型的 - //S_IFMT参读《TLPI》P281,与下面的三个常量一样是包含在 - if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR) - //如果这个文件是个目录,那就需要再在 path 后面拼接一个"/index.html"的字符串 - strcat(path, "/index.html"); - - //S_IXUSR, S_IXGRP, S_IXOTH三者可以参读《TLPI》P295 - if ((st.st_mode & S_IXUSR) || - (st.st_mode & S_IXGRP) || - (st.st_mode & S_IXOTH) ) - //如果这个文件是一个可执行文件,不论是属于用户/组/其他这三者类型的,就将 cgi 标志变量置一 - cgi = 1; - - if (!cgi) - //如果不需要 cgi 机制的话, - serve_file(client, path); - else - //如果需要则调用 - execute_cgi(client, path, method, query_string); - } - - close(client); + char *query_string = NULL; + +//读http 请求的第一行数据(request line),把请求方法存进 method 中 + numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); + i = 0; j = 0; + while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(method) - 1)) { + method[i] = buf[j]; + i++; j++; + } + method[i] = '\0'; + +//如果请求的方法不是 GET 或 POST 任意一个的话就直接发送 response 告诉客户端没实现该方法 + if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") && strcasecmp(method, "POST")) { + unimplemented(client); + return; + } + +//如果是 POST 方法就将 cgi 标志变量置一(true) + if (strcasecmp(method, "POST") == 0) + cgi = 1; + + i = 0; +//跳过所有的空白字符(空格) + while (ISspace(buf[j]) && (j < sizeof(buf))) + j++; + +//然后把 URL 读出来放到 url 数组中 + while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(url) - 1) && (j < sizeof(buf))) { + url[i] = buf[j]; + i++; j++; + } + url[i] = '\0'; + +//如果这个请求是一个 GET 方法的话 + if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) { + //用一个指针指向 url + query_string = url; + + //去遍历这个 url,跳过字符 ?前面的所有字符,如果遍历完毕也没找到字符 ?则退出循环 + while ((*query_string != '?') && (*query_string != '\0')) + query_string++; + + //退出循环后检查当前的字符是 ?还是字符串(url)的结尾 + if (*query_string == '?') { + //如果是 ? 的话,证明这个请求需要调用 cgi,将 cgi 标志变量置一(true) + cgi = 1; + //从字符 ? 处把字符串 url 给分隔会两份 + *query_string = '\0'; + //使指针指向字符 ?后面的那个字符 + query_string++; + } + } + +//将前面分隔两份的前面那份字符串,拼接在字符串htdocs的后面之后就输出存储到数组 path 中。相当于现在 path 中存储着一个字符串 + sprintf(path, "htdocs%s", url); + +//如果 path 数组中的这个字符串的最后一个字符是以字符 / 结尾的话,就拼接上一个"index.html"的字符串。首页的意思 + if (path[strlen(path) - 1] == '/') + strcat(path, "index.html"); + +//在系统上去查询该文件是否存在 + if (stat(path, &st) == -1) { + //如果不存在,那把这次 http 的请求后续的内容(head 和 body)全部读完并忽略 + while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ + numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); + //然后返回一个找不到文件的 response 给客户端 + not_found(client); + } else { + //文件存在,那去跟常量S_IFMT相与,相与之后的值可以用来判断该文件是什么类型的 + //S_IFMT参读《TLPI》P281,与下面的三个常量一样是包含在 + if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR) + //如果这个文件是个目录,那就需要再在 path 后面拼接一个"/index.html"的字符串 + strcat(path, "/index.html"); + + //S_IXUSR, S_IXGRP, S_IXOTH三者可以参读《TLPI》P295 + if ((st.st_mode & S_IXUSR) || + (st.st_mode & S_IXGRP) || + (st.st_mode & S_IXOTH) ) + //如果这个文件是一个可执行文件,不论是属于用户/组/其他这三者类型的,就将 cgi 标志变量置一 + cgi = 1; + + if (!cgi) + //如果不需要 cgi 机制的话, + serve_file(client, path); + else + //如果需要则调用 + execute_cgi(client, path, method, query_string); + } + + close(client); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Inform the client that a request it has made has a problem. * Parameters: client socket */ /**********************************************************************/ -void bad_request(int client) -{ - char buf[1024]; - - sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 400 BAD REQUEST\r\n"); - send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n"); - send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); - send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "

Your browser sent a bad request, "); - send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "such as a POST without a Content-Length.\r\n"); - send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); +void bad_request(int client) { + char buf[1024]; + + sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 400 BAD REQUEST\r\n"); + send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n"); + send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); + send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "

Your browser sent a bad request, "); + send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "such as a POST without a Content-Length.\r\n"); + send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ @@ -192,35 +183,32 @@ void bad_request(int client) * Parameters: the client socket descriptor * FILE pointer for the file to cat */ /**********************************************************************/ -void cat(int client, FILE *resource) -{ - char buf[1024]; - - //从文件文件描述符中读取指定内容 - fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource); - while (!feof(resource)) - { - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource); - } +void cat(int client, FILE *resource) { + char buf[1024]; + +//从文件文件描述符中读取指定内容 + fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource); + while (!feof(resource)) { + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource); + } } /**********************************************************************/ /* Inform the client that a CGI script could not be executed. * Parameter: the client socket descriptor. */ /**********************************************************************/ -void cannot_execute(int client) -{ - char buf[1024]; - - sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "

Error prohibited CGI execution.\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); +void cannot_execute(int client) { + char buf[1024]; + + sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "

Error prohibited CGI execution.\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ @@ -228,11 +216,10 @@ void cannot_execute(int client) * on value of errno, which indicates system call errors) and exit the * program indicating an error. */ /**********************************************************************/ -void error_die(const char *sc) -{ - //包含于,基于当前的 errno 值,在标准错误上产生一条错误消息。参考《TLPI》P49 - perror(sc); - exit(1); +void error_die(const char *sc) { +//包含于,基于当前的 errno 值,在标准错误上产生一条错误消息。参考《TLPI》P49 + perror(sc); + exit(1); } /**********************************************************************/ @@ -242,123 +229,118 @@ void error_die(const char *sc) * path to the CGI script */ /**********************************************************************/ void execute_cgi(int client, const char *path, - const char *method, const char *query_string) -{ - char buf[1024]; - int cgi_output[2]; - int cgi_input[2]; - pid_t pid; - int status; - int i; - char c; - int numchars = 1; - int content_length = -1; - - //往 buf 中填东西以保证能进入下面的 while - buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0'; - //如果是 http 请求是 GET 方法的话读取并忽略请求剩下的内容 - if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) - while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ - numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); - else /* POST */ - { - //只有 POST 方法才继续读内容 - numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); - //这个循环的目的是读出指示 body 长度大小的参数,并记录 body 的长度大小。其余的 header 里面的参数一律忽略 - //注意这里只读完 header 的内容,body 的内容没有读 - while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) - { - buf[15] = '\0'; - if (strcasecmp(buf, "Content-Length:") == 0) - content_length = atoi(&(buf[16])); //记录 body 的长度大小 - numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); - } - - //如果 http 请求的 header 没有指示 body 长度大小的参数,则报错返回 - if (content_length == -1) { - bad_request(client); - return; - } - } - - sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - - //下面这里创建两个管道,用于两个进程间通信 - if (pipe(cgi_output) < 0) { - cannot_execute(client); - return; - } - if (pipe(cgi_input) < 0) { - cannot_execute(client); - return; - } - - //创建一个子进程 - if ( (pid = fork()) < 0 ) { - cannot_execute(client); - return; - } - - //子进程用来执行 cgi 脚本 - if (pid == 0) /* child: CGI script */ - { - char meth_env[255]; - char query_env[255]; - char length_env[255]; - - //dup2()包含中,参读《TLPI》P97 - //将子进程的输出由标准输出重定向到 cgi_ouput 的管道写端上 - dup2(cgi_output[1], 1); - //将子进程的输出由标准输入重定向到 cgi_ouput 的管道读端上 - dup2(cgi_input[0], 0); - //关闭 cgi_ouput 管道的读端与cgi_input 管道的写端 - close(cgi_output[0]); - close(cgi_input[1]); - - //构造一个环境变量 - sprintf(meth_env, "REQUEST_METHOD=%s", method); - //putenv()包含于中,参读《TLPI》P128 - //将这个环境变量加进子进程的运行环境中 - putenv(meth_env); - - //根据http 请求的不同方法,构造并存储不同的环境变量 - if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) { - sprintf(query_env, "QUERY_STRING=%s", query_string); - putenv(query_env); - } - else { /* POST */ - sprintf(length_env, "CONTENT_LENGTH=%d", content_length); - putenv(length_env); - } - - //execl()包含于中,参读《TLPI》P567 - //最后将子进程替换成另一个进程并执行 cgi 脚本 - execl(path, path, NULL); - exit(0); - - } else { /* parent */ - //父进程则关闭了 cgi_output管道的写端和 cgi_input 管道的读端 - close(cgi_output[1]); - close(cgi_input[0]); - - //如果是 POST 方法的话就继续读 body 的内容,并写到 cgi_input 管道里让子进程去读 - if (strcasecmp(method, "POST") == 0) - for (i = 0; i < content_length; i++) { - recv(client, &c, 1, 0); - write(cgi_input[1], &c, 1); - } - - //然后从 cgi_output 管道中读子进程的输出,并发送到客户端去 - while (read(cgi_output[0], &c, 1) > 0) - send(client, &c, 1, 0); - - //关闭管道 - close(cgi_output[0]); - close(cgi_input[1]); - //等待子进程的退出 - waitpid(pid, &status, 0); - } + const char *method, const char *query_string) { + char buf[1024]; + int cgi_output[2]; + int cgi_input[2]; + pid_t pid; + int status; + int i; + char c; + int numchars = 1; + int content_length = -1; + +//往 buf 中填东西以保证能进入下面的 while + buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0'; +//如果是 http 请求是 GET 方法的话读取并忽略请求剩下的内容 + if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) + while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ + numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); + else { /* POST */ + //只有 POST 方法才继续读内容 + numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); + //这个循环的目的是读出指示 body 长度大小的参数,并记录 body 的长度大小。其余的 header 里面的参数一律忽略 + //注意这里只读完 header 的内容,body 的内容没有读 + while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) { + buf[15] = '\0'; + if (strcasecmp(buf, "Content-Length:") == 0) + content_length = atoi(&(buf[16])); //记录 body 的长度大小 + numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); + } + + //如果 http 请求的 header 没有指示 body 长度大小的参数,则报错返回 + if (content_length == -1) { + bad_request(client); + return; + } + } + + sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + +//下面这里创建两个管道,用于两个进程间通信 + if (pipe(cgi_output) < 0) { + cannot_execute(client); + return; + } + if (pipe(cgi_input) < 0) { + cannot_execute(client); + return; + } + +//创建一个子进程 + if ( (pid = fork()) < 0 ) { + cannot_execute(client); + return; + } + +//子进程用来执行 cgi 脚本 + if (pid == 0) { /* child: CGI script */ + char meth_env[255]; + char query_env[255]; + char length_env[255]; + + //dup2()包含中,参读《TLPI》P97 + //将子进程的输出由标准输出重定向到 cgi_ouput 的管道写端上 + dup2(cgi_output[1], 1); + //将子进程的输出由标准输入重定向到 cgi_ouput 的管道读端上 + dup2(cgi_input[0], 0); + //关闭 cgi_ouput 管道的读端与cgi_input 管道的写端 + close(cgi_output[0]); + close(cgi_input[1]); + + //构造一个环境变量 + sprintf(meth_env, "REQUEST_METHOD=%s", method); + //putenv()包含于中,参读《TLPI》P128 + //将这个环境变量加进子进程的运行环境中 + putenv(meth_env); + + //根据http 请求的不同方法,构造并存储不同的环境变量 + if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) { + sprintf(query_env, "QUERY_STRING=%s", query_string); + putenv(query_env); + } else { /* POST */ + sprintf(length_env, "CONTENT_LENGTH=%d", content_length); + putenv(length_env); + } + + //execl()包含于中,参读《TLPI》P567 + //最后将子进程替换成另一个进程并执行 cgi 脚本 + execl(path, path, NULL); + exit(0); + + } else { /* parent */ + //父进程则关闭了 cgi_output管道的写端和 cgi_input 管道的读端 + close(cgi_output[1]); + close(cgi_input[0]); + + //如果是 POST 方法的话就继续读 body 的内容,并写到 cgi_input 管道里让子进程去读 + if (strcasecmp(method, "POST") == 0) + for (i = 0; i < content_length; i++) { + recv(client, &c, 1, 0); + write(cgi_input[1], &c, 1); + } + + //然后从 cgi_output 管道中读子进程的输出,并发送到客户端去 + while (read(cgi_output[0], &c, 1) > 0) + send(client, &c, 1, 0); + + //关闭管道 + close(cgi_output[0]); + close(cgi_input[1]); + //等待子进程的退出 + waitpid(pid, &status, 0); + } } /**********************************************************************/ @@ -374,39 +356,34 @@ void execute_cgi(int client, const char *path, * the size of the buffer * Returns: the number of bytes stored (excluding null) */ /**********************************************************************/ -int get_line(int sock, char *buf, int size) -{ - int i = 0; - char c = '\0'; - int n; - - while ((i < size - 1) && (c != '\n')) - { - //recv()包含于,参读《TLPI》P1259, - //读一个字节的数据存放在 c 中 - n = recv(sock, &c, 1, 0); - /* DEBUG printf("%02X\n", c); */ - if (n > 0) - { - if (c == '\r') - { - // - n = recv(sock, &c, 1, MSG_PEEK); - /* DEBUG printf("%02X\n", c); */ - if ((n > 0) && (c == '\n')) - recv(sock, &c, 1, 0); - else - c = '\n'; - } - buf[i] = c; - i++; - } - else - c = '\n'; - } - buf[i] = '\0'; - - return(i); +int get_line(int sock, char *buf, int size) { + int i = 0; + char c = '\0'; + int n; + + while ((i < size - 1) && (c != '\n')) { + //recv()包含于,参读《TLPI》P1259, + //读一个字节的数据存放在 c 中 + n = recv(sock, &c, 1, 0); + /* DEBUG printf("%02X\n", c); */ + if (n > 0) { + if (c == '\r') { + // + n = recv(sock, &c, 1, MSG_PEEK); + /* DEBUG printf("%02X\n", c); */ + if ((n > 0) && (c == '\n')) + recv(sock, &c, 1, 0); + else + c = '\n'; + } + buf[i] = c; + i++; + } else + c = '\n'; + } + buf[i] = '\0'; + + return (i); } /**********************************************************************/ @@ -414,46 +391,44 @@ int get_line(int sock, char *buf, int size) /* Parameters: the socket to print the headers on * the name of the file */ /**********************************************************************/ -void headers(int client, const char *filename) -{ - char buf[1024]; - (void)filename; /* could use filename to determine file type */ - - strcpy(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - strcpy(buf, SERVER_STRING); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - strcpy(buf, "\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); +void headers(int client, const char *filename) { + char buf[1024]; + (void)filename; /* could use filename to determine file type */ + + strcpy(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + strcpy(buf, SERVER_STRING); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + strcpy(buf, "\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Give a client a 404 not found status message. */ /**********************************************************************/ -void not_found(int client) -{ - char buf[1024]; - - sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "Not Found\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "

The server could not fulfill\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "your request because the resource specified\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "is unavailable or nonexistent.\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); +void not_found(int client) { + char buf[1024]; + + sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "Not Found\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "

The server could not fulfill\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "your request because the resource specified\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "is unavailable or nonexistent.\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ @@ -463,31 +438,29 @@ void not_found(int client) * file descriptor * the name of the file to serve */ /**********************************************************************/ -void serve_file(int client, const char *filename) -{ - FILE *resource = NULL; - int numchars = 1; - char buf[1024]; - - //确保 buf 里面有东西,能进入下面的 while 循环 - buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0'; - //循环作用是读取并忽略掉这个 http 请求后面的所有内容 - while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ - numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); - - //打开这个传进来的这个路径所指的文件 - resource = fopen(filename, "r"); - if (resource == NULL) - not_found(client); - else - { - //打开成功后,将这个文件的基本信息封装成 response 的头部(header)并返回 - headers(client, filename); - //接着把这个文件的内容读出来作为 response 的 body 发送到客户端 - cat(client, resource); - } - - fclose(resource); +void serve_file(int client, const char *filename) { + FILE *resource = NULL; + int numchars = 1; + char buf[1024]; + +//确保 buf 里面有东西,能进入下面的 while 循环 + buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0'; +//循环作用是读取并忽略掉这个 http 请求后面的所有内容 + while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ + numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); + +//打开这个传进来的这个路径所指的文件 + resource = fopen(filename, "r"); + if (resource == NULL) + not_found(client); + else { + //打开成功后,将这个文件的基本信息封装成 response 的头部(header)并返回 + headers(client, filename); + //接着把这个文件的内容读出来作为 response 的 body 发送到客户端 + cat(client, resource); + } + + fclose(resource); } /**********************************************************************/ @@ -498,47 +471,45 @@ void serve_file(int client, const char *filename) * Parameters: pointer to variable containing the port to connect on * Returns: the socket */ /**********************************************************************/ -int startup(u_short *port) -{ - int httpd = 0; - //sockaddr_in 是 IPV4的套接字地址结构。定义在,参读《TLPI》P1202 - struct sockaddr_in name; - - //socket()用于创建一个用于 socket 的描述符,函数包含于。参读《TLPI》P1153 - //这里的PF_INET其实是与 AF_INET同义,具体可以参读《TLPI》P946 - httpd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); - if (httpd == -1) - error_die("socket"); - - memset(&name, 0, sizeof(name)); - name.sin_family = AF_INET; - //htons(),ntohs() 和 htonl()包含于, 参读《TLPI》P1199 - //将*port 转换成以网络字节序表示的16位整数 - name.sin_port = htons(*port); - //INADDR_ANY是一个 IPV4通配地址的常量,包含于 - //大多实现都将其定义成了0.0.0.0 参读《TLPI》P1187 - name.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); - - //bind()用于绑定地址与 socket。参读《TLPI》P1153 - //如果传进去的sockaddr结构中的 sin_port 指定为0,这时系统会选择一个临时的端口号 - if (bind(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, sizeof(name)) < 0) - error_die("bind"); - - //如果调用 bind 后端口号仍然是0,则手动调用getsockname()获取端口号 - if (*port == 0) /* if dynamically allocating a port */ - { - int namelen = sizeof(name); - //getsockname()包含于中,参读《TLPI》P1263 - //调用getsockname()获取系统给 httpd 这个 socket 随机分配的端口号 - if (getsockname(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, &namelen) == -1) - error_die("getsockname"); - *port = ntohs(name.sin_port); - } - - //最初的 BSD socket 实现中,backlog 的上限是5.参读《TLPI》P1156 - if (listen(httpd, 5) < 0) - error_die("listen"); - return(httpd); +int startup(u_short *port) { + int httpd = 0; +//sockaddr_in 是 IPV4的套接字地址结构。定义在,参读《TLPI》P1202 + struct sockaddr_in name; + +//socket()用于创建一个用于 socket 的描述符,函数包含于。参读《TLPI》P1153 +//这里的PF_INET其实是与 AF_INET同义,具体可以参读《TLPI》P946 + httpd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); + if (httpd == -1) + error_die("socket"); + + memset(&name, 0, sizeof(name)); + name.sin_family = AF_INET; +//htons(),ntohs() 和 htonl()包含于, 参读《TLPI》P1199 +//将*port 转换成以网络字节序表示的16位整数 + name.sin_port = htons(*port); +//INADDR_ANY是一个 IPV4通配地址的常量,包含于 +//大多实现都将其定义成了0.0.0.0 参读《TLPI》P1187 + name.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); + +//bind()用于绑定地址与 socket。参读《TLPI》P1153 +//如果传进去的sockaddr结构中的 sin_port 指定为0,这时系统会选择一个临时的端口号 + if (bind(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, sizeof(name)) < 0) + error_die("bind"); + +//如果调用 bind 后端口号仍然是0,则手动调用getsockname()获取端口号 + if (*port == 0) { /* if dynamically allocating a port */ + int namelen = sizeof(name); + //getsockname()包含于中,参读《TLPI》P1263 + //调用getsockname()获取系统给 httpd 这个 socket 随机分配的端口号 + if (getsockname(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, &namelen) == -1) + error_die("getsockname"); + *port = ntohs(name.sin_port); + } + +//最初的 BSD socket 实现中,backlog 的上限是5.参读《TLPI》P1156 + if (listen(httpd, 5) < 0) + error_die("listen"); + return (httpd); } /**********************************************************************/ @@ -546,57 +517,54 @@ int startup(u_short *port) * implemented. * Parameter: the client socket */ /**********************************************************************/ -void unimplemented(int client) -{ - char buf[1024]; - - sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 501 Method Not Implemented\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "Method Not Implemented\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "

HTTP request method not supported.\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); - sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); - send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); +void unimplemented(int client) { + char buf[1024]; + + sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 501 Method Not Implemented\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "Method Not Implemented\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "

HTTP request method not supported.\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); + sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); + send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ -int main(void) -{ - int server_sock = -1; - u_short port = 0; - int client_sock = -1; - //sockaddr_in 是 IPV4的套接字地址结构。定义在,参读《TLPI》P1202 - struct sockaddr_in client_name; - int client_name_len = sizeof(client_name); - //pthread_t newthread; - - server_sock = startup(&port); - printf("httpd running on port %d\n", port); - - while (1) - { - //阻塞等待客户端的连接,参读《TLPI》P1157 - client_sock = accept(server_sock, - (struct sockaddr *)&client_name, - &client_name_len); - if (client_sock == -1) - error_die("accept"); - accept_request(client_sock); - /*if (pthread_create(&newthread , NULL, accept_request, client_sock) != 0) - perror("pthread_create");*/ - } - - close(server_sock); - - return(0); +int main(void) { + int server_sock = -1; + u_short port = 0; + int client_sock = -1; +//sockaddr_in 是 IPV4的套接字地址结构。定义在,参读《TLPI》P1202 + struct sockaddr_in client_name; + int client_name_len = sizeof(client_name); +//pthread_t newthread; + + server_sock = startup(&port); + printf("httpd running on port %d\n", port); + + while (1) { + //阻塞等待客户端的连接,参读《TLPI》P1157 + client_sock = accept(server_sock, + (struct sockaddr *)&client_name, + &client_name_len); + if (client_sock == -1) + error_die("accept"); + accept_request(client_sock); + /*if (pthread_create(&newthread , NULL, accept_request, client_sock) != 0) + perror("pthread_create");*/ + } + + close(server_sock); + + return (0); } diff --git a/simpleclient.c b/simpleclient.c index b8879d0..4950a6d 100644 --- a/simpleclient.c +++ b/simpleclient.c @@ -5,41 +5,39 @@ #include #include -int main(int argc, char *argv[]) -{ - int sockfd; - int len; - struct sockaddr_in address; - int result; - char ch = 'A'; +int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { + int sockfd; + int len; + struct sockaddr_in address; + int result; + char ch = 'A'; - //申请一个流 socket - sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); - //填充地址结构,指定服务器的 IP 和 端口 - address.sin_family = AF_INET; - //inet_addr 可以参考 man inet_addr - //可以用现代的inet_pton()替代inet_addr(), example 中有参考例子 - address.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); - address.sin_port = htons(9734); - len = sizeof(address); - - //下面的语句可以输出连接的 IP 地址 - //但是inet_ntoa()是过时的方法,应该改用 inet_ntop(可参考 example)。但很多代码仍然遗留着inet_ntoa. - //printf("%s\n", inet_ntoa( address.sin_addr)); - - result = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, len); +//申请一个流 socket + sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); +//填充地址结构,指定服务器的 IP 和 端口 + address.sin_family = AF_INET; +//inet_addr 可以参考 man inet_addr +//可以用现代的inet_pton()替代inet_addr(), example 中有参考例子 + address.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); + address.sin_port = htons(9734); + len = sizeof(address); - if (result == -1) - { - perror("oops: client1"); - exit(1); - } - - //往服务端写一个字节 - write(sockfd, &ch, 1); - //从服务端读一个字符 - read(sockfd, &ch, 1); - printf("char from server = %c\n", ch); - close(sockfd); - exit(0); +//下面的语句可以输出连接的 IP 地址 +//但是inet_ntoa()是过时的方法,应该改用 inet_ntop(可参考 example)。但很多代码仍然遗留着inet_ntoa. +//printf("%s\n", inet_ntoa( address.sin_addr)); + + result = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, len); + + if (result == -1) { + perror("oops: client1"); + exit(1); + } + +//往服务端写一个字节 + write(sockfd, &ch, 1); +//从服务端读一个字符 + read(sockfd, &ch, 1); + printf("char from server = %c\n", ch); + close(sockfd); + exit(0); } From e186712a16a4cba872d06dc0e9b5d375ceee9f35 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: bumzy Date: Sun, 8 Jul 2018 12:53:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 3/3] fix compiler warning --- httpd.c | 4 ++-- simpleclient.c | 3 ++- 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/httpd.c b/httpd.c index fd79db7..db33725 100644 --- a/httpd.c +++ b/httpd.c @@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ int startup(u_short *port) { //如果调用 bind 后端口号仍然是0,则手动调用getsockname()获取端口号 if (*port == 0) { /* if dynamically allocating a port */ - int namelen = sizeof(name); + socklen_t namelen = sizeof(name); //getsockname()包含于中,参读《TLPI》P1263 //调用getsockname()获取系统给 httpd 这个 socket 随机分配的端口号 if (getsockname(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, &namelen) == -1) @@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ int main(void) { int client_sock = -1; //sockaddr_in 是 IPV4的套接字地址结构。定义在,参读《TLPI》P1202 struct sockaddr_in client_name; - int client_name_len = sizeof(client_name); + socklen_t client_name_len = sizeof(client_name); //pthread_t newthread; server_sock = startup(&port); diff --git a/simpleclient.c b/simpleclient.c index 4950a6d..7678293 100644 --- a/simpleclient.c +++ b/simpleclient.c @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ #include +#include #include #include #include #include #include -int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { +int main() { int sockfd; int len; struct sockaddr_in address;