diff --git a/commands/instances.go b/commands/instances.go
index 50aa45c1ee5..743bae6b931 100644
--- a/commands/instances.go
+++ b/commands/instances.go
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ import (
 func installTool(pm *packagemanager.PackageManager, tool *cores.ToolRelease, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB) error {
 	pme, release := pm.NewExplorer()
 	defer release()
+
 	taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Downloading missing tool %s", tool)})
-	if err := pme.DownloadToolRelease(tool, nil, downloadCB); err != nil {
+	if err := pme.DownloadToolRelease(tool, downloadCB); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf(tr("downloading %[1]s tool: %[2]s"), tool, err)
 	}
 	taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Completed: true})
@@ -60,16 +61,16 @@ func installTool(pm *packagemanager.PackageManager, tool *cores.ToolRelease, dow
 
 // Create a new Instance ready to be initialized, supporting directories are also created.
 func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Create(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.CreateRequest) (*rpc.CreateResponse, error) {
-	var userAgent []string
+	var userAgent string
 	if md, ok := metadata.FromIncomingContext(ctx); ok {
-		userAgent = md.Get("user-agent")
+		userAgent = strings.Join(md.Get("user-agent"), " ")
 	}
-	if len(userAgent) == 0 {
-		userAgent = []string{"gRPCClientUnknown/0.0.0"}
+	if userAgent == "" {
+		userAgent = "gRPCClientUnknown/0.0.0"
 	}
 
 	// Setup downloads directory
-	downloadsDir := configuration.DownloadsDir(configuration.Settings)
+	downloadsDir := configuration.DownloadsDir(s.settings)
 	if downloadsDir.NotExist() {
 		err := downloadsDir.MkdirAll()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -78,8 +79,8 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Create(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.CreateReque
 	}
 
 	// Setup data directory
-	dataDir := configuration.DataDir(configuration.Settings)
-	packagesDir := configuration.PackagesDir(configuration.Settings)
+	dataDir := configuration.DataDir(s.settings)
+	packagesDir := configuration.PackagesDir(s.settings)
 	if packagesDir.NotExist() {
 		err := packagesDir.MkdirAll()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -87,7 +88,11 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Create(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.CreateReque
 		}
 	}
 
-	inst, err := instances.Create(dataDir, packagesDir, downloadsDir, userAgent...)
+	config, err := s.settings.DownloaderConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	inst, err := instances.Create(dataDir, packagesDir, downloadsDir, userAgent, config)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -106,6 +111,8 @@ func InitStreamResponseToCallbackFunction(ctx context.Context, cb func(r *rpc.In
 // Failures don't stop the loading process, in case of loading failure the Platform or library
 // is simply skipped and an error gRPC status is sent to responseCallback.
 func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Init(req *rpc.InitRequest, stream rpc.ArduinoCoreService_InitServer) error {
+	ctx := stream.Context()
+
 	instance := req.GetInstance()
 	if !instances.IsValid(instance) {
 		return &cmderrors.InvalidInstanceError{}
@@ -168,7 +175,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Init(req *rpc.InitRequest, stream rpc.ArduinoCor
 	defaultIndexURL, _ := utils.URLParse(globals.DefaultIndexURL)
 	allPackageIndexUrls := []*url.URL{defaultIndexURL}
 	if profile == nil {
-		for _, u := range configuration.Settings.GetStringSlice("board_manager.additional_urls") {
+		for _, u := range s.settings.GetStringSlice("board_manager.additional_urls") {
 			URL, err := utils.URLParse(u)
 			if err != nil {
 				e := &cmderrors.InitFailedError{
@@ -183,7 +190,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Init(req *rpc.InitRequest, stream rpc.ArduinoCor
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err := firstUpdate(context.Background(), s, req.GetInstance(), downloadCallback, allPackageIndexUrls); err != nil {
+	if err := firstUpdate(ctx, s, req.GetInstance(), configuration.DataDir(s.settings), downloadCallback, allPackageIndexUrls); err != nil {
 		e := &cmderrors.InitFailedError{
 			Code:   codes.InvalidArgument,
 			Cause:  err,
@@ -236,15 +243,13 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Init(req *rpc.InitRequest, stream rpc.ArduinoCor
 
 		// Load Platforms
 		if profile == nil {
-			for _, err := range pmb.LoadHardware() {
+			for _, err := range pmb.LoadHardware(s.settings) {
 				s := &cmderrors.PlatformLoadingError{Cause: err}
 				responseError(s.GRPCStatus())
 			}
 		} else {
 			// Load platforms from profile
-			errs := pmb.LoadHardwareForProfile(
-				profile, true, downloadCallback, taskCallback,
-			)
+			errs := pmb.LoadHardwareForProfile(profile, true, downloadCallback, taskCallback, s.settings)
 			for _, err := range errs {
 				s := &cmderrors.PlatformLoadingError{Cause: err}
 				responseError(s.GRPCStatus())
@@ -342,7 +347,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Init(req *rpc.InitRequest, stream rpc.ArduinoCor
 
 	if profile == nil {
 		// Add directories of libraries bundled with IDE
-		if bundledLibsDir := configuration.IDEBuiltinLibrariesDir(configuration.Settings); bundledLibsDir != nil {
+		if bundledLibsDir := configuration.IDEBuiltinLibrariesDir(s.settings); bundledLibsDir != nil {
 			lmb.AddLibrariesDir(librariesmanager.LibrariesDir{
 				Path:     bundledLibsDir,
 				Location: libraries.IDEBuiltIn,
@@ -351,14 +356,14 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Init(req *rpc.InitRequest, stream rpc.ArduinoCor
 
 		// Add libraries directory from config file
 		lmb.AddLibrariesDir(librariesmanager.LibrariesDir{
-			Path:     configuration.LibrariesDir(configuration.Settings),
+			Path:     configuration.LibrariesDir(s.settings),
 			Location: libraries.User,
 		})
 	} else {
 		// Load libraries required for profile
 		for _, libraryRef := range profile.Libraries {
 			uid := libraryRef.InternalUniqueIdentifier()
-			libRoot := configuration.ProfilesCacheDir(configuration.Settings).Join(uid)
+			libRoot := configuration.ProfilesCacheDir(s.settings).Join(uid)
 			libDir := libRoot.Join(libraryRef.Library)
 
 			if !libDir.IsDir() {
@@ -371,7 +376,14 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Init(req *rpc.InitRequest, stream rpc.ArduinoCor
 					responseError(err.GRPCStatus())
 					continue
 				}
-				if err := libRelease.Resource.Download(pme.DownloadDir, nil, libRelease.String(), downloadCallback, ""); err != nil {
+				config, err := s.settings.DownloaderConfig()
+				if err != nil {
+					taskCallback(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Error downloading library %s", libraryRef)})
+					e := &cmderrors.FailedLibraryInstallError{Cause: err}
+					responseError(e.GRPCStatus())
+					continue
+				}
+				if err := libRelease.Resource.Download(pme.DownloadDir, config, libRelease.String(), downloadCallback, ""); err != nil {
 					taskCallback(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Error downloading library %s", libraryRef)})
 					e := &cmderrors.FailedLibraryInstallError{Cause: err}
 					responseError(e.GRPCStatus())
@@ -407,7 +419,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Init(req *rpc.InitRequest, stream rpc.ArduinoCor
 	// Refreshes the locale used, this will change the
 	// language of the CLI if the locale is different
 	// after started.
-	i18n.Init(configuration.Settings.GetString("locale"))
+	i18n.Init(s.settings.GetString("locale"))
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -449,7 +461,11 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) UpdateLibrariesIndex(req *rpc.UpdateLibrariesInd
 
 	// TODO: pass context
 	// ctx := stream.Context()
-	if err := globals.LibrariesIndexResource.Download(indexDir, downloadCB); err != nil {
+	config, err := s.settings.DownloaderConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := globals.LibrariesIndexResource.Download(indexDir, downloadCB, config); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -477,11 +493,11 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) UpdateIndex(req *rpc.UpdateIndexRequest, stream
 	var downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB = func(p *rpc.DownloadProgress) {
 		syncSend.Send(&rpc.UpdateIndexResponse{DownloadProgress: p})
 	}
-	indexpath := configuration.DataDir(configuration.Settings)
+	indexpath := configuration.DataDir(s.settings)
 
 	urls := []string{globals.DefaultIndexURL}
 	if !req.GetIgnoreCustomPackageIndexes() {
-		urls = append(urls, configuration.Settings.GetStringSlice("board_manager.additional_urls")...)
+		urls = append(urls, s.settings.GetStringSlice("board_manager.additional_urls")...)
 	}
 
 	failed := false
@@ -511,12 +527,19 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) UpdateIndex(req *rpc.UpdateIndexRequest, stream
 			continue
 		}
 
+		config, err := s.settings.DownloaderConfig()
+		if err != nil {
+			downloadCB.Start(u, tr("Downloading index: %s", filepath.Base(URL.Path)))
+			downloadCB.End(false, tr("Invalid network configuration: %s", err))
+			failed = true
+		}
+
 		indexResource := resources.IndexResource{URL: URL}
 		if strings.HasSuffix(URL.Host, "arduino.cc") && strings.HasSuffix(URL.Path, ".json") {
 			indexResource.SignatureURL, _ = url.Parse(u) // should not fail because we already parsed it
 			indexResource.SignatureURL.Path += ".sig"
 		}
-		if err := indexResource.Download(indexpath, downloadCB); err != nil {
+		if err := indexResource.Download(indexpath, downloadCB, config); err != nil {
 			failed = true
 		}
 	}
@@ -529,10 +552,8 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) UpdateIndex(req *rpc.UpdateIndexRequest, stream
 
 // firstUpdate downloads libraries and packages indexes if they don't exist.
 // This ideally is only executed the first time the CLI is run.
-func firstUpdate(ctx context.Context, srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, instance *rpc.Instance, downloadCb func(msg *rpc.DownloadProgress), externalPackageIndexes []*url.URL) error {
-	// Gets the data directory to verify if library_index.json and package_index.json exist
-	dataDir := configuration.DataDir(configuration.Settings)
-	libraryIndex := dataDir.Join("library_index.json")
+func firstUpdate(ctx context.Context, srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, instance *rpc.Instance, indexDir *paths.Path, downloadCb func(msg *rpc.DownloadProgress), externalPackageIndexes []*url.URL) error {
+	libraryIndex := indexDir.Join("library_index.json")
 
 	if libraryIndex.NotExist() {
 		// The library_index.json file doesn't exists, that means the CLI is run for the first time
@@ -554,7 +575,7 @@ func firstUpdate(ctx context.Context, srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, instance
 				Message: tr("Error downloading index '%s'", URL),
 				Cause:   &cmderrors.InvalidURLError{}}
 		}
-		packageIndexFile := dataDir.Join(packageIndexFileName)
+		packageIndexFile := indexDir.Join(packageIndexFileName)
 		if packageIndexFile.NotExist() {
 			// The index file doesn't exists, that means the CLI is run for the first time,
 			// or the 3rd party package index URL has just been added. Similarly to the
diff --git a/commands/internal/instances/instances.go b/commands/internal/instances/instances.go
index 019927a4967..b5cd63a3287 100644
--- a/commands/internal/instances/instances.go
+++ b/commands/internal/instances/instances.go
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/version"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
+	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 )
 
 // coreInstance is an instance of the Arduino Core Services. The user can
@@ -133,15 +134,15 @@ func SetLibraryManager(inst *rpc.Instance, lm *librariesmanager.LibrariesManager
 }
 
 // Create a new *rpc.Instance ready to be initialized
-func Create(dataDir, packagesDir, downloadsDir *paths.Path, extraUserAgent ...string) (*rpc.Instance, error) {
+func Create(dataDir, packagesDir, downloadsDir *paths.Path, extraUserAgent string, downloaderConfig downloader.Config) (*rpc.Instance, error) {
 	// Create package manager
 	userAgent := "arduino-cli/" + version.VersionInfo.VersionString
-	for _, ua := range extraUserAgent {
-		userAgent += " " + ua
+	if extraUserAgent != "" {
+		userAgent += " " + extraUserAgent
 	}
 	tempDir := dataDir.Join("tmp")
 
-	pm := packagemanager.NewBuilder(dataDir, packagesDir, downloadsDir, tempDir, userAgent).Build()
+	pm := packagemanager.NewBuilder(dataDir, packagesDir, downloadsDir, tempDir, userAgent, downloaderConfig).Build()
 	lm, _ := librariesmanager.NewBuilder().Build()
 
 	instance := &coreInstance{
diff --git a/commands/service.go b/commands/service.go
index e8bf689d59a..03da5135b29 100644
--- a/commands/service.go
+++ b/commands/service.go
@@ -18,14 +18,16 @@ package commands
 import (
 	"context"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 )
 
 // NewArduinoCoreServer returns an implementation of the ArduinoCoreService gRPC service
 // that uses the provided version string.
-func NewArduinoCoreServer(version string) rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer {
+func NewArduinoCoreServer(version string, settings *configuration.Settings) rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer {
 	return &arduinoCoreServerImpl{
 		versionString: version,
+		settings:      settings,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -33,6 +35,9 @@ type arduinoCoreServerImpl struct {
 	rpc.UnsafeArduinoCoreServiceServer // Force compile error for unimplemented methods
 
 	versionString string
+
+	// Settings holds configurations of the CLI and the gRPC consumers
+	settings *configuration.Settings
 }
 
 // Version returns the version of the Arduino CLI
diff --git a/commands/service_board_list.go b/commands/service_board_list.go
index ba6cd3c727f..aff1085c9c2 100644
--- a/commands/service_board_list.go
+++ b/commands/service_board_list.go
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import (
 	f "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/algorithms"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/cores"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager"
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/httpclient"
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/inventory"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-properties-orderedmap"
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ var (
 	validVidPid = regexp.MustCompile(`0[xX][a-fA-F\d]{4}`)
 )
 
-func cachedAPIByVidPid(vid, pid string) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
+func cachedAPIByVidPid(vid, pid string, settings *configuration.Settings) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
 	var resp []*rpc.BoardListItem
 
 	cacheKey := fmt.Sprintf("cache.builder-api.v3/boards/byvid/pid/%s/%s", vid, pid)
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func cachedAPIByVidPid(vid, pid string) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	resp, err := apiByVidPid(vid, pid) // Perform API requrest
+	resp, err := apiByVidPid(vid, pid, settings) // Perform API requrest
 
 	if err == nil {
 		if cachedResp, err := json.Marshal(resp); err == nil {
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func cachedAPIByVidPid(vid, pid string) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
 	return resp, err
 }
 
-func apiByVidPid(vid, pid string) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
+func apiByVidPid(vid, pid string, settings *configuration.Settings) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
 	// ensure vid and pid are valid before hitting the API
 	if !validVidPid.MatchString(vid) {
 		return nil, errors.New(tr("Invalid vid value: '%s'", vid))
@@ -84,10 +84,7 @@ func apiByVidPid(vid, pid string) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
 	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
 	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 
-	// TODO: use proxy if set
-
-	httpClient, err := httpclient.New()
-
+	httpClient, err := settings.NewHttpClient()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", tr("failed to initialize http client"), err)
 	}
@@ -130,18 +127,18 @@ func apiByVidPid(vid, pid string) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
 	}, nil
 }
 
-func identifyViaCloudAPI(props *properties.Map) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
+func identifyViaCloudAPI(props *properties.Map, settings *configuration.Settings) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
 	// If the port is not USB do not try identification via cloud
 	if !props.ContainsKey("vid") || !props.ContainsKey("pid") {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
 	logrus.Debug("Querying builder API for board identification...")
-	return cachedAPIByVidPid(props.Get("vid"), props.Get("pid"))
+	return cachedAPIByVidPid(props.Get("vid"), props.Get("pid"), settings)
 }
 
 // identify returns a list of boards checking first the installed platforms or the Cloud API
-func identify(pme *packagemanager.Explorer, port *discovery.Port) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
+func identify(pme *packagemanager.Explorer, port *discovery.Port, settings *configuration.Settings) ([]*rpc.BoardListItem, error) {
 	boards := []*rpc.BoardListItem{}
 	if port.Properties == nil {
 		return boards, nil
@@ -173,7 +170,7 @@ func identify(pme *packagemanager.Explorer, port *discovery.Port) ([]*rpc.BoardL
 	// if installed cores didn't recognize the board, try querying
 	// the builder API if the board is a USB device port
 	if len(boards) == 0 {
-		items, err := identifyViaCloudAPI(port.Properties)
+		items, err := identifyViaCloudAPI(port.Properties, settings)
 		if err != nil {
 			// this is bad, but keep going
 			logrus.WithError(err).Debug("Error querying builder API")
@@ -227,7 +224,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) BoardList(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.BoardLis
 
 	ports := []*rpc.DetectedPort{}
 	for _, port := range dm.List() {
-		boards, err := identify(pme, port)
+		boards, err := identify(pme, port, s.settings)
 		if err != nil {
 			warnings = append(warnings, err.Error())
 		}
@@ -306,7 +303,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) BoardListWatch(req *rpc.BoardListWatchRequest, s
 
 			boardsError := ""
 			if event.Type == "add" {
-				boards, err := identify(pme, event.Port)
+				boards, err := identify(pme, event.Port, s.settings)
 				if err != nil {
 					boardsError = err.Error()
 				}
diff --git a/commands/service_board_list_test.go b/commands/service_board_list_test.go
index 2db649e4554..e9132a50949 100644
--- a/commands/service_board_list_test.go
+++ b/commands/service_board_list_test.go
@@ -27,12 +27,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/go-properties-orderedmap"
 	discovery "github.com/arduino/pluggable-discovery-protocol-handler/v2"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 	semver "go.bug.st/relaxed-semver"
 )
 
 func TestGetByVidPid(t *testing.T) {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init("")
-	configuration.Settings.Set("locale", "en")
 	ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		fmt.Fprintln(w, `
 {
@@ -49,34 +48,31 @@ func TestGetByVidPid(t *testing.T) {
 	defer ts.Close()
 
 	vidPidURL = ts.URL
-	res, err := apiByVidPid("0xf420", "0XF069")
+	res, err := apiByVidPid("0xf420", "0XF069", configuration.Init(""))
 	require.Nil(t, err)
 	require.Len(t, res, 1)
 	require.Equal(t, "Arduino/Genuino MKR1000", res[0].GetName())
 	require.Equal(t, "arduino:samd:mkr1000", res[0].GetFqbn())
 
 	// wrong vid (too long), wrong pid (not an hex value)
-	_, err = apiByVidPid("0xfffff", "0xDEFG")
+
+	_, err = apiByVidPid("0xfffff", "0xDEFG", configuration.Init(""))
 	require.NotNil(t, err)
 }
 
 func TestGetByVidPidNotFound(t *testing.T) {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init("")
-	configuration.Settings.Set("locale", "en")
 	ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
 	}))
 	defer ts.Close()
 
 	vidPidURL = ts.URL
-	res, err := apiByVidPid("0x0420", "0x0069")
+	res, err := apiByVidPid("0x0420", "0x0069", configuration.Init(""))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Empty(t, res)
 }
 
 func TestGetByVidPid5xx(t *testing.T) {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init("")
-	configuration.Settings.Set("locale", "en")
 	ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
 		w.Write([]byte("500 - Ooooops!"))
@@ -84,46 +80,39 @@ func TestGetByVidPid5xx(t *testing.T) {
 	defer ts.Close()
 
 	vidPidURL = ts.URL
-	res, err := apiByVidPid("0x0420", "0x0069")
+	res, err := apiByVidPid("0x0420", "0x0069", configuration.Init(""))
 	require.NotNil(t, err)
 	require.Equal(t, "the server responded with status 500 Internal Server Error", err.Error())
 	require.Len(t, res, 0)
 }
 
 func TestGetByVidPidMalformedResponse(t *testing.T) {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init("")
-	configuration.Settings.Set("locale", "en")
 	ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		fmt.Fprintln(w, "{}")
 	}))
 	defer ts.Close()
 
 	vidPidURL = ts.URL
-	res, err := apiByVidPid("0x0420", "0x0069")
+	res, err := apiByVidPid("0x0420", "0x0069", configuration.Init(""))
 	require.NotNil(t, err)
 	require.Equal(t, "wrong format in server response", err.Error())
 	require.Len(t, res, 0)
 }
 
 func TestBoardDetectionViaAPIWithNonUSBPort(t *testing.T) {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init("")
-	configuration.Settings.Set("locale", "en")
-	items, err := identifyViaCloudAPI(properties.NewMap())
+	items, err := identifyViaCloudAPI(properties.NewMap(), configuration.Init(""))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Empty(t, items)
 }
 
 func TestBoardIdentifySorting(t *testing.T) {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init("")
-	configuration.Settings.Set("locale", "en")
-
 	dataDir := paths.TempDir().Join("test", "data_dir")
 	t.Setenv("ARDUINO_DATA_DIR", dataDir.String())
 	dataDir.MkdirAll()
 	defer paths.TempDir().Join("test").RemoveAll()
 
 	// We don't really care about the paths in this case
-	pmb := packagemanager.NewBuilder(dataDir, dataDir, dataDir, dataDir, "test")
+	pmb := packagemanager.NewBuilder(dataDir, dataDir, dataDir, dataDir, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 
 	// Create some boards with identical VID:PID combination
 	pack := pmb.GetOrCreatePackage("packager")
@@ -159,7 +148,8 @@ func TestBoardIdentifySorting(t *testing.T) {
 	pme, release := pm.NewExplorer()
 	defer release()
 
-	res, err := identify(pme, &discovery.Port{Properties: idPrefs})
+	settings := configuration.Init("")
+	res, err := identify(pme, &discovery.Port{Properties: idPrefs}, settings)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, res)
 	require.Len(t, res, 4)
diff --git a/commands/service_compile.go b/commands/service_compile.go
index 0acdabd95ab..4745fbc28ec 100644
--- a/commands/service_compile.go
+++ b/commands/service_compile.go
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/cmderrors"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/internal/instances"
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Compile(req *rpc.CompileRequest, stream rpc.Ardu
 	// There is a binding between the export binaries setting and the CLI flag to explicitly set it,
 	// since we want this binding to work also for the gRPC interface we must read it here in this
 	// package instead of the cli/compile one, otherwise we'd lose the binding.
-	exportBinaries := configuration.Settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries")
+	exportBinaries := s.settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries")
 	// If we'd just read the binding in any case, even if the request sets the export binaries setting,
 	// the settings value would always overwrite the request one and it wouldn't have any effect
 	// setting it for individual requests. To solve this we use a wrapper.BoolValue to handle
@@ -180,7 +181,10 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Compile(req *rpc.CompileRequest, stream rpc.Ardu
 	}
 	buildcache.New(buildPath.Parent()).GetOrCreate(buildPath.Base())
 	// cache is purged after compilation to not remove entries that might be required
-	defer maybePurgeBuildCache()
+
+	defer maybePurgeBuildCache(
+		s.settings.GetUint("build_cache.compilations_before_purge"),
+		s.settings.GetDuration("build_cache.ttl").Abs())
 
 	var coreBuildCachePath *paths.Path
 	if req.GetBuildCachePath() == "" {
@@ -202,7 +206,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Compile(req *rpc.CompileRequest, stream rpc.Ardu
 
 	actualPlatform := buildPlatform
 	otherLibrariesDirs := paths.NewPathList(req.GetLibraries()...)
-	otherLibrariesDirs.Add(configuration.LibrariesDir(configuration.Settings))
+	otherLibrariesDirs.Add(configuration.LibrariesDir(s.settings))
 
 	var libsManager *librariesmanager.LibrariesManager
 	if pme.GetProfile() != nil {
@@ -235,9 +239,9 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Compile(req *rpc.CompileRequest, stream rpc.Ardu
 		coreBuildCachePath,
 		int(req.GetJobs()),
 		req.GetBuildProperties(),
-		configuration.HardwareDirectories(configuration.Settings),
+		configuration.HardwareDirectories(s.settings),
 		otherLibrariesDirs,
-		configuration.IDEBuiltinLibrariesDir(configuration.Settings),
+		configuration.IDEBuiltinLibrariesDir(s.settings),
 		fqbn,
 		req.GetClean(),
 		req.GetSourceOverride(),
@@ -402,9 +406,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) Compile(req *rpc.CompileRequest, stream rpc.Ardu
 }
 
 // maybePurgeBuildCache runs the build files cache purge if the policy conditions are met.
-func maybePurgeBuildCache() {
-
-	compilationsBeforePurge := configuration.Settings.GetUint("build_cache.compilations_before_purge")
+func maybePurgeBuildCache(compilationsBeforePurge uint, cacheTTL time.Duration) {
 	// 0 means never purge
 	if compilationsBeforePurge == 0 {
 		return
@@ -417,7 +419,6 @@ func maybePurgeBuildCache() {
 		return
 	}
 	inventory.Store.Set("build_cache.compilation_count_since_last_purge", 0)
-	cacheTTL := configuration.Settings.GetDuration("build_cache.ttl").Abs()
 	buildcache.New(paths.TempDir().Join("arduino", "cores")).Purge(cacheTTL)
 	buildcache.New(paths.TempDir().Join("arduino", "sketches")).Purge(cacheTTL)
 }
diff --git a/commands/service_debug_test.go b/commands/service_debug_test.go
index e3bb45b0fd8..8e627c44b76 100644
--- a/commands/service_debug_test.go
+++ b/commands/service_debug_test.go
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/go-properties-orderedmap"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 )
 
 func TestGetCommandLine(t *testing.T) {
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ func TestGetCommandLine(t *testing.T) {
 	sketchPath := paths.New("testdata", "debug", sketch)
 	require.NoError(t, sketchPath.ToAbs())
 
-	pmb := packagemanager.NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test")
+	pmb := packagemanager.NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(customHardware)
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(dataDir)
 
diff --git a/commands/service_library_download.go b/commands/service_library_download.go
index 37b4ecbb53e..8543e8cdea6 100644
--- a/commands/service_library_download.go
+++ b/commands/service_library_download.go
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/cmderrors"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/internal/instances"
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/httpclient"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/libraries/librariesindex"
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 )
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) LibraryDownload(req *rpc.LibraryDownloadRequest,
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err := downloadLibrary(ctx, downloadsDir, lib, downloadCB, func(*rpc.TaskProgress) {}, "download"); err != nil {
+	if err := downloadLibrary(ctx, downloadsDir, lib, downloadCB, func(*rpc.TaskProgress) {}, "download", s.settings); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) LibraryDownload(req *rpc.LibraryDownloadRequest,
 }
 
 func downloadLibrary(_ context.Context, downloadsDir *paths.Path, libRelease *librariesindex.Release,
-	downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB, queryParameter string) error {
+	downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB, queryParameter string, settings *configuration.Settings) error {
 
 	taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Downloading %s", libRelease)})
-	config, err := httpclient.GetDownloaderConfig()
+	config, err := settings.DownloaderConfig()
 	if err != nil {
 		return &cmderrors.FailedDownloadError{Message: tr("Can't download library"), Cause: err}
 	}
diff --git a/commands/service_library_install.go b/commands/service_library_install.go
index d4440d3d2ae..20b98695de2 100644
--- a/commands/service_library_install.go
+++ b/commands/service_library_install.go
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) LibraryInstall(req *rpc.LibraryInstallRequest, s
 				downloadReason += "-builtin"
 			}
 		}
-		if err := downloadLibrary(ctx, downloadsDir, libRelease, downloadCB, taskCB, downloadReason); err != nil {
+		if err := downloadLibrary(ctx, downloadsDir, libRelease, downloadCB, taskCB, downloadReason, s.settings); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		if err := installLibrary(lmi, downloadsDir, libRelease, installTask, taskCB); err != nil {
diff --git a/commands/service_platform_download.go b/commands/service_platform_download.go
index 23a8096120d..09f49a2d76b 100644
--- a/commands/service_platform_download.go
+++ b/commands/service_platform_download.go
@@ -67,13 +67,13 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) PlatformDownload(req *rpc.PlatformDownloadReques
 
 	// TODO: pass context
 	// ctx := stream.Context()
-	if err := pme.DownloadPlatformRelease(platform, nil, downloadCB); err != nil {
+	if err := pme.DownloadPlatformRelease(platform, downloadCB); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	for _, tool := range tools {
 		// TODO: pass context
-		if err := pme.DownloadToolRelease(tool, nil, downloadCB); err != nil {
+		if err := pme.DownloadToolRelease(tool, downloadCB); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/commands/service_platform_search_test.go b/commands/service_platform_search_test.go
index 63dc02c5265..3b7b87cf30d 100644
--- a/commands/service_platform_search_test.go
+++ b/commands/service_platform_search_test.go
@@ -36,9 +36,8 @@ func TestPlatformSearch(t *testing.T) {
 	err := paths.New("testdata", "platform", "package_index.json").CopyTo(dataDir.Join("package_index.json"))
 	require.Nil(t, err)
 
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init(paths.TempDir().Join("test", "arduino-cli.yaml").String())
-
-	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	settings := configuration.Init(paths.TempDir().Join("test", "arduino-cli.yaml").String())
+	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	createResp, err := srv.Create(ctx, &rpc.CreateRequest{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -338,9 +337,8 @@ func TestPlatformSearchSorting(t *testing.T) {
 	err := paths.New("testdata", "platform", "package_index.json").CopyTo(dataDir.Join("package_index.json"))
 	require.Nil(t, err)
 
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init(paths.TempDir().Join("test", "arduino-cli.yaml").String())
-
-	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	settings := configuration.Init(paths.TempDir().Join("test", "arduino-cli.yaml").String())
+	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
 	createResp, err := srv.Create(ctx, &rpc.CreateRequest{})
diff --git a/commands/service_settings.go b/commands/service_settings.go
index f4675e0467e..177d0819178 100644
--- a/commands/service_settings.go
+++ b/commands/service_settings.go
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import (
 // SettingsGetAll returns a message with a string field containing all the settings
 // currently in use, marshalled in JSON format.
 func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsGetAll(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.SettingsGetAllRequest) (*rpc.SettingsGetAllResponse, error) {
-	b, err := json.Marshal(configuration.Settings.AllSettings())
+	b, err := json.Marshal(s.settings.AllSettings())
 	if err == nil {
 		return &rpc.SettingsGetAllResponse{
 			JsonData: string(b),
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsMerge(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.Sett
 	for k, v := range mapped {
 		updatedSettings.Set(k, v)
 	}
-	configPath := configuration.Settings.ConfigFileUsed()
+	configPath := s.settings.ConfigFileUsed()
 	updatedSettings.SetConfigFile(configPath)
-	configuration.Settings = updatedSettings
+	s.settings = updatedSettings
 
 	return &rpc.SettingsMergeResponse{}, nil
 }
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsGetValue(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.S
 	// since that doesn't check for keys formatted like daemon.port or those set
 	// with Viper.Set(). This way we check for all existing settings for sure.
 	keyExists := false
-	for _, k := range configuration.Settings.AllKeys() {
+	for _, k := range s.settings.AllKeys() {
 		if k == key || strings.HasPrefix(k, key) {
 			keyExists = true
 			break
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsGetValue(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.S
 		return nil, errors.New(tr("key not found in settings"))
 	}
 
-	b, err := json.Marshal(configuration.Settings.Get(key))
+	b, err := json.Marshal(s.settings.Get(key))
 	value := &rpc.SettingsGetValueResponse{}
 	if err == nil {
 		value.Key = key
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsSetValue(ctx context.Context, val *rpc.S
 
 	err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(val.GetJsonData()), &value)
 	if err == nil {
-		configuration.Settings.Set(key, value)
+		s.settings.Set(key, value)
 	}
 
 	return &rpc.SettingsSetValueResponse{}, err
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsSetValue(ctx context.Context, val *rpc.S
 // and that's picked up when the CLI is run as daemon, either using the default path or a custom one
 // set with the --config-file flag.
 func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsWrite(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.SettingsWriteRequest) (*rpc.SettingsWriteResponse, error) {
-	if err := configuration.Settings.WriteConfigAs(req.GetFilePath()); err != nil {
+	if err := s.settings.WriteConfigAs(req.GetFilePath()); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return &rpc.SettingsWriteResponse{}, nil
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsDelete(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.Set
 	// with Viper.Set(). This way we check for all existing settings for sure.
 	keyExists := false
 	keys := []string{}
-	for _, k := range configuration.Settings.AllKeys() {
+	for _, k := range s.settings.AllKeys() {
 		if !strings.HasPrefix(k, toDelete) {
 			keys = append(keys, k)
 			continue
@@ -168,11 +168,11 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) SettingsDelete(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.Set
 	// Override current settings to delete the key
 	updatedSettings := configuration.Init("")
 	for _, k := range keys {
-		updatedSettings.Set(k, configuration.Settings.Get(k))
+		updatedSettings.Set(k, s.settings.Get(k))
 	}
-	configPath := configuration.Settings.ConfigFileUsed()
+	configPath := s.settings.ConfigFileUsed()
 	updatedSettings.SetConfigFile(configPath)
-	configuration.Settings = updatedSettings
+	s.settings = updatedSettings
 
 	return &rpc.SettingsDeleteResponse{}, nil
 }
diff --git a/commands/service_settings_test.go b/commands/service_settings_test.go
index 226a2663990..e1d67fb0fad 100644
--- a/commands/service_settings_test.go
+++ b/commands/service_settings_test.go
@@ -27,71 +27,68 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-var svc = NewArduinoCoreServer("")
-
-func init() {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
-}
-
-func reset() {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
-}
-
 func TestGetAll(t *testing.T) {
+	settings := configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
+	svc := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
 	resp, err := svc.SettingsGetAll(context.Background(), &rpc.SettingsGetAllRequest{})
 	require.Nil(t, err)
 
-	content, err := json.Marshal(configuration.Settings.AllSettings())
+	content, err := json.Marshal(settings.AllSettings())
 	require.Nil(t, err)
 
 	require.Equal(t, string(content), resp.GetJsonData())
 }
 
 func TestMerge(t *testing.T) {
+	initialSettings := configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
+	svc := NewArduinoCoreServer("", initialSettings).(*arduinoCoreServerImpl)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
 	// Verify defaults
-	require.Equal(t, "50051", configuration.Settings.GetString("daemon.port"))
-	require.Equal(t, "", configuration.Settings.GetString("foo"))
-	require.Equal(t, false, configuration.Settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries"))
+	require.Equal(t, "50051", svc.settings.GetString("daemon.port"))
+	require.Equal(t, "", svc.settings.GetString("foo"))
+	require.Equal(t, false, svc.settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries"))
 
 	bulkSettings := `{"foo": "bar", "daemon":{"port":"420"}, "sketch": {"always_export_binaries": "true"}}`
-	res, err := svc.SettingsMerge(context.Background(), &rpc.SettingsMergeRequest{JsonData: bulkSettings})
+	res, err := svc.SettingsMerge(ctx, &rpc.SettingsMergeRequest{JsonData: bulkSettings})
 	require.NotNil(t, res)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	require.Equal(t, "420", configuration.Settings.GetString("daemon.port"))
-	require.Equal(t, "bar", configuration.Settings.GetString("foo"))
-	require.Equal(t, true, configuration.Settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries"))
+	require.Equal(t, "420", svc.settings.GetString("daemon.port"))
+	require.Equal(t, "bar", svc.settings.GetString("foo"))
+	require.Equal(t, true, svc.settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries"))
 
 	bulkSettings = `{"foo":"", "daemon": {}, "sketch": {"always_export_binaries": "false"}}`
-	res, err = svc.SettingsMerge(context.Background(), &rpc.SettingsMergeRequest{JsonData: bulkSettings})
+	res, err = svc.SettingsMerge(ctx, &rpc.SettingsMergeRequest{JsonData: bulkSettings})
 	require.NotNil(t, res)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	require.Equal(t, "50051", configuration.Settings.GetString("daemon.port"))
-	require.Equal(t, "", configuration.Settings.GetString("foo"))
-	require.Equal(t, false, configuration.Settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries"))
+	require.Equal(t, "50051", svc.settings.GetString("daemon.port"))
+	require.Equal(t, "", svc.settings.GetString("foo"))
+	require.Equal(t, false, svc.settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries"))
 
 	bulkSettings = `{"daemon": {"port":""}}`
-	res, err = svc.SettingsMerge(context.Background(), &rpc.SettingsMergeRequest{JsonData: bulkSettings})
+	res, err = svc.SettingsMerge(ctx, &rpc.SettingsMergeRequest{JsonData: bulkSettings})
 	require.NotNil(t, res)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	require.Equal(t, "", configuration.Settings.GetString("daemon.port"))
+	require.Equal(t, "", svc.settings.GetString("daemon.port"))
 	// Verifies other values are not changed
-	require.Equal(t, "", configuration.Settings.GetString("foo"))
-	require.Equal(t, false, configuration.Settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries"))
+	require.Equal(t, "", svc.settings.GetString("foo"))
+	require.Equal(t, false, svc.settings.GetBool("sketch.always_export_binaries"))
 
 	bulkSettings = `{"network": {}}`
-	res, err = svc.SettingsMerge(context.Background(), &rpc.SettingsMergeRequest{JsonData: bulkSettings})
+	res, err = svc.SettingsMerge(ctx, &rpc.SettingsMergeRequest{JsonData: bulkSettings})
 	require.NotNil(t, res)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	require.Equal(t, "", configuration.Settings.GetString("proxy"))
-
-	reset()
+	require.Equal(t, "", svc.settings.GetString("proxy"))
 }
 
 func TestGetValue(t *testing.T) {
+	settings := configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
+	svc := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
+
 	key := &rpc.SettingsGetValueRequest{Key: "daemon"}
 	resp, err := svc.SettingsGetValue(context.Background(), key)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -104,6 +101,9 @@ func TestGetValue(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestGetMergedValue(t *testing.T) {
+	settings := configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
+	svc := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
+
 	// Verifies value is not set
 	key := &rpc.SettingsGetValueRequest{Key: "foo"}
 	res, err := svc.SettingsGetValue(context.Background(), key)
@@ -120,27 +120,34 @@ func TestGetMergedValue(t *testing.T) {
 	res, err = svc.SettingsGetValue(context.Background(), key)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Equal(t, `"bar"`, res.GetJsonData())
-
-	reset()
 }
 
 func TestGetValueNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	settings := configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
+	svc := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
+
 	key := &rpc.SettingsGetValueRequest{Key: "DOESNTEXIST"}
 	_, err := svc.SettingsGetValue(context.Background(), key)
 	require.Error(t, err)
 }
 
 func TestSetValue(t *testing.T) {
+	settings := configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
+	svc := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
+
 	val := &rpc.SettingsSetValueRequest{
 		Key:      "foo",
 		JsonData: `"bar"`,
 	}
 	_, err := svc.SettingsSetValue(context.Background(), val)
 	require.Nil(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, "bar", configuration.Settings.GetString("foo"))
+	require.Equal(t, "bar", settings.GetString("foo"))
 }
 
 func TestWrite(t *testing.T) {
+	settings := configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
+	svc := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
+
 	// Writes some settings
 	val := &rpc.SettingsSetValueRequest{
 		Key:      "foo",
@@ -169,6 +176,9 @@ func TestWrite(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestDelete(t *testing.T) {
+	settings := configuration.Init(filepath.Join("testdata", "arduino-cli.yaml"))
+	svc := NewArduinoCoreServer("", settings)
+
 	_, err := svc.SettingsDelete(context.Background(), &rpc.SettingsDeleteRequest{
 		Key: "doesnotexist",
 	})
diff --git a/commands/service_sketch_load_test.go b/commands/service_sketch_load_test.go
index 36bb58ea351..822dfea7c5d 100644
--- a/commands/service_sketch_load_test.go
+++ b/commands/service_sketch_load_test.go
@@ -19,12 +19,13 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
 func TestLoadSketchProfiles(t *testing.T) {
-	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("", configuration.Init(""))
 	loadResp, err := srv.LoadSketch(context.Background(), &commands.LoadSketchRequest{
 		SketchPath: "./testdata/sketch_with_profile",
 	})
diff --git a/commands/service_sketch_new.go b/commands/service_sketch_new.go
index a8eb518a815..b0c9c079f73 100644
--- a/commands/service_sketch_new.go
+++ b/commands/service_sketch_new.go
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/cmderrors"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/globals"
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	paths "github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 )
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ func (s *arduinoCoreServerImpl) NewSketch(ctx context.Context, req *rpc.NewSketc
 	if len(req.GetSketchDir()) > 0 {
 		sketchesDir = req.GetSketchDir()
 	} else {
-		sketchesDir = configuration.Settings.GetString("directories.User")
+		sketchesDir = s.settings.GetString("directories.User")
 	}
 
 	if err := validateSketchName(req.GetSketchName()); err != nil {
diff --git a/commands/service_sketch_new_test.go b/commands/service_sketch_new_test.go
index 0d0b3e05aa6..353dec17a05 100644
--- a/commands/service_sketch_new_test.go
+++ b/commands/service_sketch_new_test.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ func Test_SketchNameWrongPattern(t *testing.T) {
 		",`hack[}attempt{];",
 	}
 
-	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("", configuration.Init(""))
 	for _, name := range invalidNames {
 		_, err := srv.NewSketch(context.Background(), &rpc.NewSketchRequest{
 			SketchName: name,
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ func Test_SketchNameWrongPattern(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func Test_SketchNameEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("", configuration.Init(""))
 	_, err := srv.NewSketch(context.Background(), &rpc.NewSketchRequest{
 		SketchName: "",
 		SketchDir:  t.TempDir(),
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ func Test_SketchNameTooLong(t *testing.T) {
 	for i := range tooLongName {
 		tooLongName[i] = 'a'
 	}
-	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("", configuration.Init(""))
 	_, err := srv.NewSketch(context.Background(), &rpc.NewSketchRequest{
 		SketchName: string(tooLongName),
 		SketchDir:  t.TempDir(),
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ func Test_SketchNameOk(t *testing.T) {
 		"_hello_world",
 		string(lengthLimitName),
 	}
-	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("", configuration.Init(""))
 	for _, name := range validNames {
 		_, err := srv.NewSketch(context.Background(), &rpc.NewSketchRequest{
 			SketchName: name,
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ func Test_SketchNameOk(t *testing.T) {
 func Test_SketchNameReserved(t *testing.T) {
 	invalidNames := []string{"CON", "PRN", "AUX", "NUL", "COM0", "COM1", "COM2", "COM3", "COM4", "COM5",
 		"COM6", "COM7", "COM8", "COM9", "LPT0", "LPT1", "LPT2", "LPT3", "LPT4", "LPT5", "LPT6", "LPT7", "LPT8", "LPT9"}
-	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	srv := NewArduinoCoreServer("", configuration.Init(""))
 	for _, name := range invalidNames {
 		_, err := srv.NewSketch(context.Background(), &rpc.NewSketchRequest{
 			SketchName: name,
diff --git a/commands/service_upload_test.go b/commands/service_upload_test.go
index cf2f4ff3306..e8d70e19c4d 100644
--- a/commands/service_upload_test.go
+++ b/commands/service_upload_test.go
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 	properties "github.com/arduino/go-properties-orderedmap"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 )
 
 func TestDetectSketchNameFromBuildPath(t *testing.T) {
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ func TestDetermineBuildPathAndSketchName(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestUploadPropertiesComposition(t *testing.T) {
-	pmb := packagemanager.NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test")
+	pmb := packagemanager.NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	errs := pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(paths.New("testdata", "upload", "hardware"))
 	require.Len(t, errs, 0)
 	buildPath1 := paths.New("testdata", "upload", "build_path_1")
diff --git a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/download.go b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/download.go
index c4a7cb62d59..4ac06cf19f8 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/download.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/download.go
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/cmderrors"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/cores"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
-	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 	semver "go.bug.st/relaxed-semver"
 )
 
@@ -120,21 +119,21 @@ func (pme *Explorer) FindPlatformReleaseDependencies(item *PlatformReference) (*
 
 // DownloadToolRelease downloads a ToolRelease. If the tool is already downloaded a nil Downloader
 // is returned. Uses the given downloader configuration for download, or the default config if nil.
-func (pme *Explorer) DownloadToolRelease(tool *cores.ToolRelease, config *downloader.Config, progressCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB) error {
+func (pme *Explorer) DownloadToolRelease(tool *cores.ToolRelease, progressCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB) error {
 	resource := tool.GetCompatibleFlavour()
 	if resource == nil {
 		return &cmderrors.FailedDownloadError{
 			Message: tr("Error downloading tool %s", tool),
 			Cause:   errors.New(tr("no versions available for the current OS, try contacting %s", tool.Tool.Package.Email))}
 	}
-	return resource.Download(pme.DownloadDir, config, tool.String(), progressCB, "")
+	return resource.Download(pme.DownloadDir, pme.downloaderConfig, tool.String(), progressCB, "")
 }
 
 // DownloadPlatformRelease downloads a PlatformRelease. If the platform is already downloaded a
 // nil Downloader is returned.
-func (pme *Explorer) DownloadPlatformRelease(platform *cores.PlatformRelease, config *downloader.Config, progressCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB) error {
+func (pme *Explorer) DownloadPlatformRelease(platform *cores.PlatformRelease, progressCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB) error {
 	if platform.Resource == nil {
 		return &cmderrors.PlatformNotFoundError{Platform: platform.String()}
 	}
-	return platform.Resource.Download(pme.DownloadDir, config, platform.String(), progressCB, "")
+	return platform.Resource.Download(pme.DownloadDir, pme.downloaderConfig, platform.String(), progressCB, "")
 }
diff --git a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/install_uninstall.go b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/install_uninstall.go
index bc29f08fa43..4b8c1cba9b4 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/install_uninstall.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/install_uninstall.go
@@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ func (pme *Explorer) DownloadAndInstallPlatformAndTools(
 	// Package download
 	taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Downloading packages")})
 	for _, tool := range toolsToInstall {
-		if err := pme.DownloadToolRelease(tool, nil, downloadCB); err != nil {
+		if err := pme.DownloadToolRelease(tool, downloadCB); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
-	if err := pme.DownloadPlatformRelease(platformRelease, nil, downloadCB); err != nil {
+	if err := pme.DownloadPlatformRelease(platformRelease, downloadCB); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Completed: true})
diff --git a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/loader.go b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/loader.go
index 68c603044e5..29e8fb511a4 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/loader.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/loader.go
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ import (
 )
 
 // LoadHardware read all plaforms from the configured paths
-func (pm *Builder) LoadHardware() []error {
-	hardwareDirs := configuration.HardwareDirectories(configuration.Settings)
+func (pm *Builder) LoadHardware(settings *configuration.Settings) []error {
+	hardwareDirs := configuration.HardwareDirectories(settings)
 	return pm.LoadHardwareFromDirectories(hardwareDirs)
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/loader_test.go b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/loader_test.go
index d0d41992179..a9ee015c86d 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/loader_test.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/loader_test.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-properties-orderedmap"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 	semver "go.bug.st/relaxed-semver"
 )
 
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ func TestLoadDiscoveries(t *testing.T) {
 	defer fakePath.RemoveAll()
 
 	createTestPackageManager := func() *PackageManager {
-		pmb := NewBuilder(fakePath, fakePath, fakePath, fakePath, "test")
+		pmb := NewBuilder(fakePath, fakePath, fakePath, fakePath, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 		pack := pmb.packages.GetOrCreatePackage("arduino")
 		// ble-discovery tool
 		tool := pack.GetOrCreateTool("ble-discovery")
diff --git a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/package_manager.go b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/package_manager.go
index cea5e799d1b..d9a5f79a2ac 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/package_manager.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/package_manager.go
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/cores/packageindex"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/discovery/discoverymanager"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/sketch"
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
 	paths "github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 	properties "github.com/arduino/go-properties-orderedmap"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-timeutils"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 	semver "go.bug.st/relaxed-semver"
 )
 
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ type PackageManager struct {
 	profile          *sketch.Profile
 	discoveryManager *discoverymanager.DiscoveryManager
 	userAgent        string
+	downloaderConfig downloader.Config
 }
 
 // Builder is used to create a new PackageManager. The builder
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ type Explorer PackageManager
 var tr = i18n.Tr
 
 // NewBuilder returns a new Builder
-func NewBuilder(indexDir, packagesDir, downloadDir, tempDir *paths.Path, userAgent string) *Builder {
+func NewBuilder(indexDir, packagesDir, downloadDir, tempDir *paths.Path, userAgent string, downloaderConfig downloader.Config) *Builder {
 	return &Builder{
 		log:                            logrus.StandardLogger(),
 		packages:                       cores.NewPackages(),
@@ -84,8 +85,9 @@ func NewBuilder(indexDir, packagesDir, downloadDir, tempDir *paths.Path, userAge
 		DownloadDir:                    downloadDir,
 		tempDir:                        tempDir,
 		packagesCustomGlobalProperties: properties.NewMap(),
-		discoveryManager:               discoverymanager.New(configuration.UserAgent(configuration.Settings)),
+		discoveryManager:               discoverymanager.New(userAgent),
 		userAgent:                      userAgent,
+		downloaderConfig:               downloaderConfig,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ func (pmb *Builder) calculateCompatibleReleases() {
 // this function will make the builder write the new configuration into this
 // PackageManager.
 func (pm *PackageManager) NewBuilder() (builder *Builder, commit func()) {
-	pmb := NewBuilder(pm.IndexDir, pm.PackagesDir, pm.DownloadDir, pm.tempDir, pm.userAgent)
+	pmb := NewBuilder(pm.IndexDir, pm.PackagesDir, pm.DownloadDir, pm.tempDir, pm.userAgent, pm.downloaderConfig)
 	return pmb, func() {
 		pmb.calculateCompatibleReleases()
 		pmb.BuildIntoExistingPackageManager(pm)
@@ -188,6 +190,7 @@ func (pm *PackageManager) NewExplorer() (explorer *Explorer, release func()) {
 		profile:                        pm.profile,
 		discoveryManager:               pm.discoveryManager,
 		userAgent:                      pm.userAgent,
+		downloaderConfig:               pm.downloaderConfig,
 	}, pm.packagesLock.RUnlock
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/package_manager_test.go b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/package_manager_test.go
index 055a6d332d0..fb215816d0c 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/package_manager_test.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/package_manager_test.go
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-properties-orderedmap"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 	semver "go.bug.st/relaxed-semver"
 )
 
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ var dataDir1 = paths.New("testdata", "data_dir_1")
 var extraHardware = paths.New("testdata", "extra_hardware")
 
 func TestFindBoardWithFQBN(t *testing.T) {
-	pmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(customHardware)
 	pm := pmb.Build()
 	pme, release := pm.NewExplorer()
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ func TestFindBoardWithFQBN(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestResolveFQBN(t *testing.T) {
 	// Pass nil, since these paths are only used for installing
-	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	// Hardware from main packages directory
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(dataDir1.Join("packages"))
 	// This contains the arduino:avr core
@@ -341,7 +342,7 @@ func TestResolveFQBN(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestBoardOptionsFunctions(t *testing.T) {
-	pmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(customHardware)
 	pm := pmb.Build()
 	pme, release := pm.NewExplorer()
@@ -381,7 +382,7 @@ func TestBoardOptionsFunctions(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestBoardOrdering(t *testing.T) {
-	pmb := NewBuilder(dataDir1, dataDir1.Join("packages"), nil, nil, "")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(dataDir1, dataDir1.Join("packages"), nil, nil, "", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	_ = pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectories(paths.NewPathList(dataDir1.Join("packages").String()))
 	pm := pmb.Build()
 	pme, release := pm.NewExplorer()
@@ -432,13 +433,14 @@ func TestBoardOrdering(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestFindToolsRequiredForBoard(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Setenv("ARDUINO_DATA_DIR", dataDir1.String())
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init("")
+	settings := configuration.Init("")
 	pmb := NewBuilder(
 		dataDir1,
-		configuration.PackagesDir(configuration.Settings),
-		configuration.DownloadsDir(configuration.Settings),
+		configuration.PackagesDir(settings),
+		configuration.DownloadsDir(settings),
 		dataDir1,
 		"test",
+		downloader.GetDefaultConfig(),
 	)
 
 	loadIndex := func(addr string) {
@@ -454,7 +456,7 @@ func TestFindToolsRequiredForBoard(t *testing.T) {
 	// We ignore the errors returned since they might not be necessarily blocking
 	// but just warnings for the user, like in the case a board is not loaded
 	// because of malformed menus
-	pmb.LoadHardware()
+	pmb.LoadHardware(settings)
 	pm := pmb.Build()
 	pme, release := pm.NewExplorer()
 	defer release()
@@ -567,7 +569,7 @@ func TestFindToolsRequiredForBoard(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestIdentifyBoard(t *testing.T) {
-	pmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(customHardware)
 	pm := pmb.Build()
 	pme, release := pm.NewExplorer()
@@ -594,12 +596,12 @@ func TestIdentifyBoard(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestPackageManagerClear(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a PackageManager and load the harware
-	pmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(customHardware)
 	pm := pmb.Build()
 
 	// Creates another PackageManager but don't load the hardware
-	emptyPmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test")
+	emptyPmb := NewBuilder(customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, customHardware, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	emptyPm := emptyPmb.Build()
 
 	// Verifies they're not equal
@@ -621,7 +623,7 @@ func TestFindToolsRequiredFromPlatformRelease(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer fakePath.RemoveAll()
 
-	pmb := NewBuilder(fakePath, fakePath, fakePath, fakePath, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(fakePath, fakePath, fakePath, fakePath, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	pack := pmb.GetOrCreatePackage("arduino")
 
 	{
@@ -742,7 +744,7 @@ func TestFindToolsRequiredFromPlatformRelease(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestFindPlatformReleaseDependencies(t *testing.T) {
-	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	pmb.LoadPackageIndexFromFile(paths.New("testdata", "package_tooltest_index.json"))
 	pmb.calculateCompatibleReleases()
 	pm := pmb.Build()
@@ -758,7 +760,7 @@ func TestFindPlatformReleaseDependencies(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestLegacyPackageConversionToPluggableDiscovery(t *testing.T) {
 	// Pass nil, since these paths are only used for installing
-	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	// Hardware from main packages directory
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(dataDir1.Join("packages"))
 	pm := pmb.Build()
@@ -828,7 +830,7 @@ func TestLegacyPackageConversionToPluggableDiscovery(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestVariantAndCoreSelection(t *testing.T) {
 	// Pass nil, since these paths are only used for installing
-	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	// Hardware from main packages directory
 	pmb.LoadHardwareFromDirectory(dataDir1.Join("packages"))
 	pm := pmb.Build()
@@ -923,7 +925,7 @@ func TestVariantAndCoreSelection(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRunScript(t *testing.T) {
-	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test")
+	pmb := NewBuilder(nil, nil, nil, nil, "test", downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	pm := pmb.Build()
 	pme, release := pm.NewExplorer()
 	defer release()
diff --git a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/profiles.go b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/profiles.go
index 2422766e899..6cd6f3578d2 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/profiles.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/cores/packagemanager/profiles.go
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import (
 
 // LoadHardwareForProfile load the hardware platforms for the given profile.
 // If installMissing is true then possibly missing tools and platforms will be downloaded and installed.
-func (pmb *Builder) LoadHardwareForProfile(p *sketch.Profile, installMissing bool, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB) []error {
+func (pmb *Builder) LoadHardwareForProfile(p *sketch.Profile, installMissing bool, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB, settings *configuration.Settings) []error {
 	pmb.profile = p
 
 	// Load required platforms
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func (pmb *Builder) LoadHardwareForProfile(p *sketch.Profile, installMissing boo
 	var platformReleases []*cores.PlatformRelease
 	indexURLs := map[string]*url.URL{}
 	for _, platformRef := range p.Platforms {
-		if platformRelease, err := pmb.loadProfilePlatform(platformRef, installMissing, downloadCB, taskCB); err != nil {
+		if platformRelease, err := pmb.loadProfilePlatform(platformRef, installMissing, downloadCB, taskCB, settings); err != nil {
 			merr = append(merr, fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", tr("loading required platform %s", platformRef), err))
 			logrus.WithField("platform", platformRef).WithError(err).Debugf("Error loading platform for profile")
 		} else {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (pmb *Builder) LoadHardwareForProfile(p *sketch.Profile, installMissing boo
 
 		for _, toolDep := range platformRelease.ToolDependencies {
 			indexURL := indexURLs[toolDep.ToolPackager]
-			if err := pmb.loadProfileTool(toolDep, indexURL, installMissing, downloadCB, taskCB); err != nil {
+			if err := pmb.loadProfileTool(toolDep, indexURL, installMissing, downloadCB, taskCB, settings); err != nil {
 				merr = append(merr, fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", tr("loading required tool %s", toolDep), err))
 				logrus.WithField("tool", toolDep).WithField("index_url", indexURL).WithError(err).Debugf("Error loading tool for profile")
 			} else {
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ func (pmb *Builder) LoadHardwareForProfile(p *sketch.Profile, installMissing boo
 	return merr
 }
 
-func (pmb *Builder) loadProfilePlatform(platformRef *sketch.ProfilePlatformReference, installMissing bool, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB) (*cores.PlatformRelease, error) {
+func (pmb *Builder) loadProfilePlatform(platformRef *sketch.ProfilePlatformReference, installMissing bool, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB, settings *configuration.Settings) (*cores.PlatformRelease, error) {
 	targetPackage := pmb.packages.GetOrCreatePackage(platformRef.Packager)
 	platform := targetPackage.GetOrCreatePlatform(platformRef.Architecture)
 	release := platform.GetOrCreateRelease(platformRef.Version)
 
 	uid := platformRef.InternalUniqueIdentifier()
-	destDir := configuration.ProfilesCacheDir(configuration.Settings).Join(uid)
+	destDir := configuration.ProfilesCacheDir(settings).Join(uid)
 	if !destDir.IsDir() && installMissing {
 		// Try installing the missing platform
 		if err := pmb.installMissingProfilePlatform(platformRef, destDir, downloadCB, taskCB); err != nil {
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func (pmb *Builder) installMissingProfilePlatform(platformRef *sketch.ProfilePla
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("installing missing platform: could not create temp dir %s", err)
 	}
-	tmpPmb := NewBuilder(tmp, tmp, pmb.DownloadDir, tmp, pmb.userAgent)
+	tmpPmb := NewBuilder(tmp, tmp, pmb.DownloadDir, tmp, pmb.userAgent, pmb.downloaderConfig)
 	defer tmp.RemoveAll()
 
 	// Download the main index and parse it
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func (pmb *Builder) installMissingProfilePlatform(platformRef *sketch.ProfilePla
 	}
 	for _, indexURL := range indexesToDownload {
 		indexResource := resources.IndexResource{URL: indexURL}
-		if err := indexResource.Download(tmpPmb.IndexDir, downloadCB); err != nil {
+		if err := indexResource.Download(tmpPmb.IndexDir, downloadCB, pmb.downloaderConfig); err != nil {
 			taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Error downloading %s", indexURL)})
 			return &cmderrors.FailedDownloadError{Message: tr("Error downloading %s", indexURL), Cause: err}
 		}
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func (pmb *Builder) installMissingProfilePlatform(platformRef *sketch.ProfilePla
 	tmpPme, tmpRelease := tmpPm.NewExplorer()
 	defer tmpRelease()
 
-	if err := tmpPme.DownloadPlatformRelease(tmpPlatformRelease, nil, downloadCB); err != nil {
+	if err := tmpPme.DownloadPlatformRelease(tmpPlatformRelease, downloadCB); err != nil {
 		taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Error downloading platform %s", tmpPlatformRelease)})
 		return &cmderrors.FailedInstallError{Message: tr("Error downloading platform %s", tmpPlatformRelease), Cause: err}
 	}
@@ -137,12 +137,12 @@ func (pmb *Builder) installMissingProfilePlatform(platformRef *sketch.ProfilePla
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (pmb *Builder) loadProfileTool(toolRef *cores.ToolDependency, indexURL *url.URL, installMissing bool, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB) error {
+func (pmb *Builder) loadProfileTool(toolRef *cores.ToolDependency, indexURL *url.URL, installMissing bool, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, taskCB rpc.TaskProgressCB, settings *configuration.Settings) error {
 	targetPackage := pmb.packages.GetOrCreatePackage(toolRef.ToolPackager)
 	tool := targetPackage.GetOrCreateTool(toolRef.ToolName)
 
 	uid := toolRef.InternalUniqueIdentifier(indexURL)
-	destDir := configuration.ProfilesCacheDir(configuration.Settings).Join(uid)
+	destDir := configuration.ProfilesCacheDir(settings).Join(uid)
 
 	if !destDir.IsDir() && installMissing {
 		// Try installing the missing tool
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func (pmb *Builder) installMissingProfileTool(toolRelease *cores.ToolRelease, de
 		return &cmderrors.InvalidVersionError{Cause: fmt.Errorf(tr("version %s not available for this operating system", toolRelease))}
 	}
 	taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Downloading tool %s", toolRelease)})
-	if err := toolResource.Download(pmb.DownloadDir, nil, toolRelease.String(), downloadCB, ""); err != nil {
+	if err := toolResource.Download(pmb.DownloadDir, pmb.downloaderConfig, toolRelease.String(), downloadCB, ""); err != nil {
 		taskCB(&rpc.TaskProgress{Name: tr("Error downloading tool %s", toolRelease)})
 		return &cmderrors.FailedInstallError{Message: tr("Error installing tool %s", toolRelease), Cause: err}
 	}
diff --git a/internal/arduino/httpclient/httpclient.go b/internal/arduino/httpclient/httpclient.go
index ec4b4acc4a6..0e904dddf8f 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/httpclient/httpclient.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/httpclient/httpclient.go
@@ -16,12 +16,9 @@
 package httpclient
 
 import (
-	"net/http"
-	"net/url"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/cmderrors"
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
@@ -34,7 +31,7 @@ var tr = i18n.Tr
 // DownloadFile downloads a file from a URL into the specified path. An optional config and options may be passed (or nil to use the defaults).
 // A DownloadProgressCB callback function must be passed to monitor download progress.
 // If a not empty queryParameter is passed, it is appended to the URL for analysis purposes.
-func DownloadFile(path *paths.Path, URL string, queryParameter string, label string, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, config *downloader.Config, options ...downloader.DownloadOptions) (returnedError error) {
+func DownloadFile(path *paths.Path, URL string, queryParameter string, label string, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, config downloader.Config, options ...downloader.DownloadOptions) (returnedError error) {
 	if queryParameter != "" {
 		URL = URL + "?query=" + queryParameter
 	}
@@ -48,15 +45,7 @@ func DownloadFile(path *paths.Path, URL string, queryParameter string, label str
 		}
 	}()
 
-	if config == nil {
-		c, err := GetDownloaderConfig()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		config = c
-	}
-
-	d, err := downloader.DownloadWithConfig(path.String(), URL, *config, options...)
+	d, err := downloader.DownloadWithConfig(path.String(), URL, config, options...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -76,52 +65,3 @@ func DownloadFile(path *paths.Path, URL string, queryParameter string, label str
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-// Config is the configuration of the http client
-type Config struct {
-	UserAgent string
-	Proxy     *url.URL
-}
-
-// New returns a default http client for use in the arduino-cli
-func New() (*http.Client, error) {
-	userAgent := configuration.UserAgent(configuration.Settings)
-	proxy, err := configuration.NetworkProxy(configuration.Settings)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return NewWithConfig(&Config{UserAgent: userAgent, Proxy: proxy}), nil
-}
-
-// NewWithConfig creates a http client for use in the arduino-cli, with a given configuration
-func NewWithConfig(config *Config) *http.Client {
-	return &http.Client{
-		Transport: &httpClientRoundTripper{
-			transport: &http.Transport{
-				Proxy: http.ProxyURL(config.Proxy),
-			},
-			userAgent: config.UserAgent,
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-// GetDownloaderConfig returns the downloader configuration based on current settings.
-func GetDownloaderConfig() (*downloader.Config, error) {
-	httpClient, err := New()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, &cmderrors.InvalidArgumentError{Message: tr("Could not connect via HTTP"), Cause: err}
-	}
-	return &downloader.Config{
-		HttpClient: *httpClient,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-type httpClientRoundTripper struct {
-	transport http.RoundTripper
-	userAgent string
-}
-
-func (h *httpClientRoundTripper) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-	req.Header.Add("User-Agent", h.userAgent)
-	return h.transport.RoundTrip(req)
-}
diff --git a/internal/arduino/resources/download.go b/internal/arduino/resources/download.go
index 4f1df1ad5b3..19b37df48ac 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/resources/download.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/resources/download.go
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import (
 // Download performs a download loop using the provided downloader.Config.
 // Messages are passed back to the DownloadProgressCB using label as text for the File field.
 // queryParameter is passed for analysis purposes.
-func (r *DownloadResource) Download(downloadDir *paths.Path, config *downloader.Config, label string, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, queryParameter string) error {
+func (r *DownloadResource) Download(downloadDir *paths.Path, config downloader.Config, label string, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, queryParameter string) error {
 	path, err := r.ArchivePath(downloadDir)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf(tr("getting archive path: %s"), err)
diff --git a/internal/arduino/resources/helpers_test.go b/internal/arduino/resources/helpers_test.go
index e56747d8b40..72c595f6c89 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/resources/helpers_test.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/resources/helpers_test.go
@@ -22,11 +22,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/httpclient"
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 )
 
 type EchoHandler struct{}
@@ -37,8 +36,7 @@ func (h *EchoHandler) ServeHTTP(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Reques
 }
 
 func TestDownloadApplyUserAgentHeaderUsingConfig(t *testing.T) {
-	goldUserAgentValue := "arduino-cli/0.0.0-test.preview (amd64; linux; go1.12.4) Commit:deadbeef/Build:2019-06-12 11:11:11.111"
-	goldUserAgentString := "User-Agent: " + goldUserAgentValue
+	goldUserAgentValue := "arduino-cli/0.0.0-test.preview"
 
 	tmp, err := paths.MkTempDir("", "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -54,9 +52,11 @@ func TestDownloadApplyUserAgentHeaderUsingConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		URL:             srv.URL,
 	}
 
-	httpClient := httpclient.NewWithConfig(&httpclient.Config{UserAgent: goldUserAgentValue})
-
-	err = r.Download(tmp, &downloader.Config{HttpClient: *httpClient}, "", func(progress *rpc.DownloadProgress) {}, "")
+	settings := configuration.Init("")
+	settings.Set("network.user_agent_ext", goldUserAgentValue)
+	config, err := settings.DownloaderConfig()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	err = r.Download(tmp, config, "", func(progress *rpc.DownloadProgress) {}, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// leverage the download helper to download the echo for the request made by the downloader itself
@@ -71,12 +71,11 @@ func TestDownloadApplyUserAgentHeaderUsingConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	requestLines := strings.Split(string(b), "\r\n")
-	userAgentHeaderString := ""
+	userAgentHeader := ""
 	for _, line := range requestLines {
 		if strings.Contains(line, "User-Agent: ") {
-			userAgentHeaderString = line
+			userAgentHeader = line
 		}
 	}
-	require.Equal(t, goldUserAgentString, userAgentHeaderString)
-
+	require.Contains(t, userAgentHeader, goldUserAgentValue)
 }
diff --git a/internal/arduino/resources/index.go b/internal/arduino/resources/index.go
index 4740c6f12f0..fb05f55d776 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/resources/index.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/resources/index.go
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func (res *IndexResource) IndexFileName() (string, error) {
 
 // Download will download the index and possibly check the signature using the Arduino's public key.
 // If the file is in .gz format it will be unpacked first.
-func (res *IndexResource) Download(destDir *paths.Path, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB) error {
+func (res *IndexResource) Download(destDir *paths.Path, downloadCB rpc.DownloadProgressCB, config downloader.Config) error {
 	// Create destination directory
 	if err := destDir.MkdirAll(); err != nil {
 		return &cmderrors.PermissionDeniedError{Message: tr("Can't create data directory %s", destDir), Cause: err}
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func (res *IndexResource) Download(destDir *paths.Path, downloadCB rpc.DownloadP
 		return err
 	}
 	tmpIndexPath := tmp.Join(downloadFileName)
-	if err := httpclient.DownloadFile(tmpIndexPath, res.URL.String(), "", tr("Downloading index: %s", downloadFileName), downloadCB, nil, downloader.NoResume); err != nil {
+	if err := httpclient.DownloadFile(tmpIndexPath, res.URL.String(), "", tr("Downloading index: %s", downloadFileName), downloadCB, config, downloader.NoResume); err != nil {
 		return &cmderrors.FailedDownloadError{Message: tr("Error downloading index '%s'", res.URL), Cause: err}
 	}
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func (res *IndexResource) Download(destDir *paths.Path, downloadCB rpc.DownloadP
 		// Download signature
 		signaturePath = destDir.Join(signatureFileName)
 		tmpSignaturePath = tmp.Join(signatureFileName)
-		if err := httpclient.DownloadFile(tmpSignaturePath, res.SignatureURL.String(), "", tr("Downloading index signature: %s", signatureFileName), downloadCB, nil, downloader.NoResume); err != nil {
+		if err := httpclient.DownloadFile(tmpSignaturePath, res.SignatureURL.String(), "", tr("Downloading index signature: %s", signatureFileName), downloadCB, config, downloader.NoResume); err != nil {
 			return &cmderrors.FailedDownloadError{Message: tr("Error downloading index signature '%s'", res.SignatureURL), Cause: err}
 		}
 
diff --git a/internal/arduino/resources/resources_test.go b/internal/arduino/resources/resources_test.go
index 9cf8ae54509..ee987ddcea6 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/resources/resources_test.go
+++ b/internal/arduino/resources/resources_test.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func TestDownloadAndChecksums(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	downloadAndTestChecksum := func() {
-		err := r.Download(tmp, &downloader.Config{}, "", func(*rpc.DownloadProgress) {}, "")
+		err := r.Download(tmp, downloader.Config{}, "", func(*rpc.DownloadProgress) {}, "")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		data, err := testFile.ReadFile()
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func TestDownloadAndChecksums(t *testing.T) {
 	downloadAndTestChecksum()
 
 	// Download with cached file
-	err = r.Download(tmp, &downloader.Config{}, "", func(*rpc.DownloadProgress) {}, "")
+	err = r.Download(tmp, downloader.Config{}, "", func(*rpc.DownloadProgress) {}, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Download if cached file has data in excess (redownload)
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ func TestIndexDownloadAndSignatureWithinArchive(t *testing.T) {
 	destDir, err := paths.MkTempDir("", "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer destDir.RemoveAll()
-	err = idxResource.Download(destDir, func(curr *rpc.DownloadProgress) {})
+	err = idxResource.Download(destDir, func(curr *rpc.DownloadProgress) {}, downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.True(t, destDir.Join("package_index.json").Exist())
 	require.True(t, destDir.Join("package_index.json.sig").Exist())
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func TestIndexDownloadAndSignatureWithinArchive(t *testing.T) {
 	invDestDir, err := paths.MkTempDir("", "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer invDestDir.RemoveAll()
-	err = invIdxResource.Download(invDestDir, func(curr *rpc.DownloadProgress) {})
+	err = invIdxResource.Download(invDestDir, func(curr *rpc.DownloadProgress) {}, downloader.GetDefaultConfig())
 	require.Error(t, err)
 	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "invalid signature")
 	require.False(t, invDestDir.Join("package_index.json").Exist())
diff --git a/internal/cli/arguments/reference_test.go b/internal/cli/arguments/reference_test.go
index b4176dc4e5e..f91109f8de6 100644
--- a/internal/cli/arguments/reference_test.go
+++ b/internal/cli/arguments/reference_test.go
@@ -48,10 +48,6 @@ var badCores = []struct {
 	{"", nil},
 }
 
-func init() {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init("")
-}
-
 func TestArgsStringify(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, core := range goodCores {
 		require.Equal(t, core.in, core.expected.String())
@@ -59,7 +55,7 @@ func TestArgsStringify(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestParseReferenceCores(t *testing.T) {
-	srv := commands.NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	srv := commands.NewArduinoCoreServer("", configuration.Init(""))
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	for _, tt := range goodCores {
 		actual, err := arguments.ParseReference(ctx, srv, tt.in)
@@ -80,7 +76,7 @@ func TestParseArgs(t *testing.T) {
 		input = append(input, tt.in)
 	}
 
-	srv := commands.NewArduinoCoreServer("")
+	srv := commands.NewArduinoCoreServer("", configuration.Init(""))
 	refs, err := arguments.ParseReferences(context.Background(), srv, input)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, len(goodCores), len(refs))
diff --git a/internal/cli/cache/cache.go b/internal/cli/cache/cache.go
index 43c9d775234..09635356b1d 100644
--- a/internal/cli/cache/cache.go
+++ b/internal/cli/cache/cache.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package cache
 import (
 	"os"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ import (
 var tr = i18n.Tr
 
 // NewCommand created a new `cache` command
-func NewCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func NewCommand(settings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	cacheCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "cache",
 		Short: tr("Arduino cache commands."),
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ func NewCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			" " + os.Args[0] + " cache clean\n\n",
 	}
 
-	cacheCommand.AddCommand(initCleanCommand())
+	cacheCommand.AddCommand(initCleanCommand(settings))
 
 	return cacheCommand
 }
diff --git a/internal/cli/cache/clean.go b/internal/cli/cache/clean.go
index c4c37a1cf1e..9d28e86b82e 100644
--- a/internal/cli/cache/clean.go
+++ b/internal/cli/cache/clean.go
@@ -24,22 +24,24 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-func initCleanCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func initCleanCommand(settings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	cleanCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "clean",
 		Short:   tr("Delete Boards/Library Manager download cache."),
 		Long:    tr("Delete contents of the `directories.downloads` folder, where archive files are staged during installation of libraries and boards platforms."),
 		Example: "  " + os.Args[0] + " cache clean",
 		Args:    cobra.NoArgs,
-		Run:     runCleanCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runCleanCommand(settings)
+		},
 	}
 	return cleanCommand
 }
 
-func runCleanCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runCleanCommand(settings *configuration.Settings) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli cache clean`")
 
-	cachePath := configuration.DownloadsDir(configuration.Settings)
+	cachePath := configuration.DownloadsDir(settings)
 	err := cachePath.RemoveAll()
 	if err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Error cleaning caches: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
diff --git a/internal/cli/cli.go b/internal/cli/cli.go
index 8779a87ded0..3f4b994d541 100644
--- a/internal/cli/cli.go
+++ b/internal/cli/cli.go
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 // NewCommand creates a new ArduinoCli command root
-func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
+func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	cobra.AddTemplateFunc("tr", i18n.Tr)
 
 	// ArduinoCli is the root command
@@ -71,21 +71,21 @@ func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 		Short:             tr("Arduino CLI."),
 		Long:              tr("Arduino Command Line Interface (arduino-cli)."),
 		Example:           fmt.Sprintf("  %s <%s> [%s...]", os.Args[0], tr("command"), tr("flags")),
-		PersistentPreRun:  preRun,
+		PersistentPreRun:  func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) { preRun(cmd, defaultSettings) },
 		PersistentPostRun: postRun,
 	}
 
 	cmd.SetUsageTemplate(getUsageTemplate())
 
 	cmd.AddCommand(board.NewCommand(srv))
-	cmd.AddCommand(cache.NewCommand())
-	cmd.AddCommand(compile.NewCommand(srv))
+	cmd.AddCommand(cache.NewCommand(defaultSettings))
+	cmd.AddCommand(compile.NewCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
 	cmd.AddCommand(completion.NewCommand())
-	cmd.AddCommand(config.NewCommand())
-	cmd.AddCommand(core.NewCommand(srv))
-	cmd.AddCommand(daemon.NewCommand())
+	cmd.AddCommand(config.NewCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
+	cmd.AddCommand(core.NewCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
+	cmd.AddCommand(daemon.NewCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
 	cmd.AddCommand(generatedocs.NewCommand())
-	cmd.AddCommand(lib.NewCommand(srv))
+	cmd.AddCommand(lib.NewCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
 	cmd.AddCommand(monitor.NewCommand(srv))
 	cmd.AddCommand(outdated.NewCommand(srv))
 	cmd.AddCommand(sketch.NewCommand(srv))
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.AddCommand(upload.NewCommand(srv))
 	cmd.AddCommand(debug.NewCommand(srv))
 	cmd.AddCommand(burnbootloader.NewCommand(srv))
-	cmd.AddCommand(version.NewCommand())
+	cmd.AddCommand(version.NewCommand(defaultSettings))
 	cmd.AddCommand(feedback.NewCommand())
 	cmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&verbose, "verbose", "v", false, tr("Print the logs on the standard output."))
 	cmd.Flag("verbose").Hidden = true
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&configFile, "config-file", "", tr("The custom config file (if not specified the default will be used)."))
 	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringSlice("additional-urls", []string{}, tr("Comma-separated list of additional URLs for the Boards Manager."))
 	cmd.PersistentFlags().Bool("no-color", false, "Disable colored output.")
-	configuration.BindFlags(cmd, configuration.Settings)
+	configuration.BindFlags(cmd, defaultSettings)
 
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -139,17 +139,17 @@ func toLogLevel(s string) (t logrus.Level, found bool) {
 	return
 }
 
-func preRun(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
-	configFile := configuration.Settings.ConfigFileUsed()
+func preRun(cmd *cobra.Command, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) {
+	configFile := defaultSettings.ConfigFileUsed()
 
 	// initialize inventory
-	err := inventory.Init(configuration.DataDir(configuration.Settings).String())
+	err := inventory.Init(configuration.DataDir(defaultSettings).String())
 	if err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Error: %v", err), feedback.ErrInitializingInventory)
 	}
 
 	// https://no-color.org/
-	color.NoColor = configuration.Settings.GetBool("output.no_color") || os.Getenv("NO_COLOR") != ""
+	color.NoColor = defaultSettings.GetBool("output.no_color") || os.Getenv("NO_COLOR") != ""
 
 	// Set default feedback output to colorable
 	feedback.SetOut(colorable.NewColorableStdout())
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ func preRun(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		if err != nil {
 			updaterMessageChan <- nil
 		}
-		updaterMessageChan <- updater.CheckForUpdate(currentVersion)
+		updaterMessageChan <- updater.CheckForUpdate(currentVersion, defaultSettings)
 	}()
 
 	//
@@ -186,13 +186,13 @@ func preRun(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	}
 
 	// set the Logger format
-	logFormat := strings.ToLower(configuration.Settings.GetString("logging.format"))
+	logFormat := strings.ToLower(defaultSettings.GetString("logging.format"))
 	if logFormat == "json" {
 		logrus.SetFormatter(&logrus.JSONFormatter{})
 	}
 
 	// should we log to file?
-	logFile := configuration.Settings.GetString("logging.file")
+	logFile := defaultSettings.GetString("logging.file")
 	if logFile != "" {
 		file, err := os.OpenFile(logFile, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_APPEND, 0666)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -208,8 +208,8 @@ func preRun(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	}
 
 	// configure logging filter
-	if lvl, found := toLogLevel(configuration.Settings.GetString("logging.level")); !found {
-		feedback.Fatal(tr("Invalid option for --log-level: %s", configuration.Settings.GetString("logging.level")), feedback.ErrBadArgument)
+	if lvl, found := toLogLevel(defaultSettings.GetString("logging.level")); !found {
+		feedback.Fatal(tr("Invalid option for --log-level: %s", defaultSettings.GetString("logging.level")), feedback.ErrBadArgument)
 	} else {
 		logrus.SetLevel(lvl)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/cli/compile/compile.go b/internal/cli/compile/compile.go
index 389065db755..8d9cd0df4f0 100644
--- a/internal/cli/compile/compile.go
+++ b/internal/cli/compile/compile.go
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 // NewCommand created a new `compile` command
-func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
+func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	compileCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "compile",
 		Short: tr("Compiles Arduino sketches."),
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 	compileCommand.Flags().BoolVar(&skipLibrariesDiscovery, "skip-libraries-discovery", false, "Skip libraries discovery. This flag is provided only for use in language server and other, very specific, use cases. Do not use for normal compiles")
 	compileCommand.Flag("skip-libraries-discovery").Hidden = true
 	compileCommand.Flags().Int32VarP(&jobs, "jobs", "j", 0, tr("Max number of parallel compiles. If set to 0 the number of available CPUs cores will be used."))
-	configuration.Settings.BindPFlag("sketch.always_export_binaries", compileCommand.Flags().Lookup("export-binaries"))
+	defaultSettings.BindPFlag("sketch.always_export_binaries", compileCommand.Flags().Lookup("export-binaries"))
 
 	compileCommand.Flags().MarkDeprecated("build-properties", tr("please use --build-property instead."))
 
diff --git a/internal/cli/config/add.go b/internal/cli/config/add.go
index 5018b0440de..5678e52e470 100644
--- a/internal/cli/config/add.go
+++ b/internal/cli/config/add.go
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func uniquify[T comparable](s []T) []T {
 	return result
 }
 
-func initAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func initAddCommand(defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	addCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "add",
 		Short: tr("Adds one or more values to a setting."),
@@ -53,15 +53,17 @@ func initAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config add board_manager.additional_urls https://example.com/package_example_index.json\n" +
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config add board_manager.additional_urls https://example.com/package_example_index.json https://another-url.com/package_another_index.json\n",
 		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
-		Run:  runAddCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runAddCommand(args, defaultSettings)
+		},
 		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
-			return GetConfigurationKeys(), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+			return GetSlicesConfigurationKeys(defaultSettings), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
 		},
 	}
 	return addCommand
 }
 
-func runAddCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runAddCommand(args []string, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli config add`")
 	key := args[0]
 	kind := validateKey(key)
@@ -71,12 +73,12 @@ func runAddCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		feedback.Fatal(msg, feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 
-	v := configuration.Settings.GetStringSlice(key)
+	v := defaultSettings.GetStringSlice(key)
 	v = append(v, args[1:]...)
 	v = uniquify(v)
-	configuration.Settings.Set(key, v)
+	defaultSettings.Set(key, v)
 
-	if err := configuration.Settings.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
+	if err := defaultSettings.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Can't write config file: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/cli/config/config.go b/internal/cli/config/config.go
index c59714478d3..d8d4cbf5e46 100644
--- a/internal/cli/config/config.go
+++ b/internal/cli/config/config.go
@@ -21,35 +21,36 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
+	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 var tr = i18n.Tr
 
 // NewCommand created a new `config` command
-func NewCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	configCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "config",
 		Short:   tr("Arduino configuration commands."),
 		Example: "  " + os.Args[0] + " config init",
 	}
 
-	configCommand.AddCommand(initAddCommand())
-	configCommand.AddCommand(initDeleteCommand())
-	configCommand.AddCommand(initDumpCommand())
-	configCommand.AddCommand(initGetCommand())
-	configCommand.AddCommand(initInitCommand())
-	configCommand.AddCommand(initRemoveCommand())
-	configCommand.AddCommand(initSetCommand())
+	configCommand.AddCommand(initAddCommand(defaultSettings))
+	configCommand.AddCommand(initDeleteCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
+	configCommand.AddCommand(initDumpCommand(defaultSettings))
+	configCommand.AddCommand(initGetCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
+	configCommand.AddCommand(initInitCommand(defaultSettings))
+	configCommand.AddCommand(initRemoveCommand(defaultSettings))
+	configCommand.AddCommand(initSetCommand(defaultSettings))
 
 	return configCommand
 }
 
-// GetConfigurationKeys is an helper function useful to autocomplete.
+// GetSlicesConfigurationKeys is an helper function useful to autocomplete.
 // It returns a list of configuration keys which can be changed
-func GetConfigurationKeys() []string {
+func GetSlicesConfigurationKeys(settings *configuration.Settings) []string {
 	var res []string
-	keys := configuration.Settings.AllKeys()
+	keys := settings.AllKeys()
 	for _, key := range keys {
 		kind, _ := typeOf(key)
 		if kind == reflect.Slice {
diff --git a/internal/cli/config/delete.go b/internal/cli/config/delete.go
index e5889a12952..75b81563aed 100644
--- a/internal/cli/config/delete.go
+++ b/internal/cli/config/delete.go
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@
 package config
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"os"
 
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-func initDeleteCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func initDeleteCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
+	configFile := defaultSettings.ConfigFileUsed()
 	deleteCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "delete",
 		Short: tr("Deletes a settings key and all its sub keys."),
@@ -35,25 +36,27 @@ func initDeleteCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config delete board_manager\n" +
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config delete board_manager.additional_urls",
 		Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
-		Run:  runDeleteCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runDeleteCommand(srv, args, configFile)
+		},
 		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
-			return configuration.Settings.AllKeys(), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+			return defaultSettings.AllKeys(), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
 		},
 	}
 	return deleteCommand
 }
 
-func runDeleteCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runDeleteCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, args []string, configFile string) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli config delete`")
-	toDelete := args[0]
+	ctx := context.Background()
 
-	svc := commands.NewArduinoCoreServer("")
-	_, err := svc.SettingsDelete(cmd.Context(), &rpc.SettingsDeleteRequest{Key: toDelete})
+	toDelete := args[0]
+	_, err := srv.SettingsDelete(ctx, &rpc.SettingsDeleteRequest{Key: toDelete})
 	if err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Cannot delete the key %[1]s: %[2]v", toDelete, err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
-	_, err = svc.SettingsWrite(cmd.Context(), &rpc.SettingsWriteRequest{FilePath: configuration.Settings.ConfigFileUsed()})
+	_, err = srv.SettingsWrite(ctx, &rpc.SettingsWriteRequest{FilePath: configFile})
 	if err != nil {
-		feedback.Fatal(tr("Cannot write the file %[1]s: %[2]v", configuration.Settings.ConfigFileUsed(), err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
+		feedback.Fatal(tr("Cannot write the file %[1]s: %[2]v", configFile, err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/cli/config/dump.go b/internal/cli/config/dump.go
index 9e10bf34f9b..695e5b11ce8 100644
--- a/internal/cli/config/dump.go
+++ b/internal/cli/config/dump.go
@@ -25,23 +25,21 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func initDumpCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func initDumpCommand(defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	var dumpCommand = &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "dump",
 		Short:   tr("Prints the current configuration"),
 		Long:    tr("Prints the current configuration."),
 		Example: "  " + os.Args[0] + " config dump",
 		Args:    cobra.NoArgs,
-		Run:     runDumpCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli config dump`")
+			feedback.PrintResult(dumpResult{defaultSettings.AllSettings()})
+		},
 	}
 	return dumpCommand
 }
 
-func runDumpCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
-	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli config dump`")
-	feedback.PrintResult(dumpResult{configuration.Settings.AllSettings()})
-}
-
 // output from this command requires special formatting, let's create a dedicated
 // feedback.Result implementation
 type dumpResult struct {
diff --git a/internal/cli/config/get.go b/internal/cli/config/get.go
index 68b8afd0d4a..dec61be03a7 100644
--- a/internal/cli/config/get.go
+++ b/internal/cli/config/get.go
@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@
 package config
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func initGetCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func initGetCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	getCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "get",
 		Short: tr("Gets a settings key value."),
@@ -39,20 +39,22 @@ func initGetCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config get daemon.port\n" +
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config get board_manager.additional_urls",
 		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
-		Run:  runGetCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runGetCommand(srv, args)
+		},
 		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
-			return configuration.Settings.AllKeys(), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+			return defaultSettings.AllKeys(), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
 		},
 	}
 	return getCommand
 }
 
-func runGetCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runGetCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, args []string) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli config get`")
+	ctx := context.Background()
 
-	svc := commands.NewArduinoCoreServer("")
 	for _, toGet := range args {
-		resp, err := svc.SettingsGetValue(cmd.Context(), &rpc.SettingsGetValueRequest{Key: toGet})
+		resp, err := srv.SettingsGetValue(ctx, &rpc.SettingsGetValueRequest{Key: toGet})
 		if err != nil {
 			feedback.Fatal(tr("Cannot get the configuration key %[1]s: %[2]v", toGet, err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 		}
diff --git a/internal/cli/config/init.go b/internal/cli/config/init.go
index afb05f74279..56c60e8adf7 100644
--- a/internal/cli/config/init.go
+++ b/internal/cli/config/init.go
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ var (
 
 const defaultFileName = "arduino-cli.yaml"
 
-func initInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func initInitCommand(defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	initCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "init",
 		Short: tr("Writes current configuration to a configuration file."),
@@ -50,7 +49,9 @@ func initInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		PreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 			arguments.CheckFlagsConflicts(cmd, "dest-file", "dest-dir")
 		},
-		Run: runInitCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runInitCommand(cmd, defaultSettings)
+		},
 	}
 	initCommand.Flags().StringVar(&destDir, "dest-dir", "", tr("Sets where to save the configuration file."))
 	initCommand.Flags().StringVar(&destFile, "dest-file", "", tr("Sets where to save the configuration file."))
@@ -58,11 +59,11 @@ func initInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	return initCommand
 }
 
-func runInitCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runInitCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli config init`")
 
 	var configFileAbsPath *paths.Path
-	var absPath *paths.Path
+	var configFileDir *paths.Path
 	var err error
 
 	switch {
@@ -72,30 +73,29 @@ func runInitCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 			feedback.Fatal(tr("Cannot find absolute path: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 		}
 
-		absPath = configFileAbsPath.Parent()
+		configFileDir = configFileAbsPath.Parent()
 	case destDir == "":
-		destDir = configuration.Settings.GetString("directories.Data")
+		destDir = defaultSettings.GetString("directories.Data")
 		fallthrough
 	default:
-		absPath, err = paths.New(destDir).Abs()
+		configFileDir, err = paths.New(destDir).Abs()
 		if err != nil {
 			feedback.Fatal(tr("Cannot find absolute path: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 		}
-		configFileAbsPath = absPath.Join(defaultFileName)
+		configFileAbsPath = configFileDir.Join(defaultFileName)
 	}
 
 	if !overwrite && configFileAbsPath.Exist() {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Config file already exists, use --overwrite to discard the existing one."), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 
-	logrus.Infof("Writing config file to: %s", absPath)
+	logrus.Infof("Writing config file to: %s", configFileDir)
 
-	if err := absPath.MkdirAll(); err != nil {
+	if err := configFileDir.MkdirAll(); err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Cannot create config file directory: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 
-	newSettings := viper.New()
-	configuration.SetDefaults(newSettings)
+	newSettings := configuration.Init("")
 	configuration.BindFlags(cmd, newSettings)
 
 	for _, url := range newSettings.GetStringSlice("board_manager.additional_urls") {
diff --git a/internal/cli/config/remove.go b/internal/cli/config/remove.go
index d7870172b0c..efbd416913a 100644
--- a/internal/cli/config/remove.go
+++ b/internal/cli/config/remove.go
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-func initRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func initRemoveCommand(defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	removeCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "remove",
 		Short: tr("Removes one or more values from a setting."),
@@ -34,15 +34,17 @@ func initRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config remove board_manager.additional_urls https://example.com/package_example_index.json\n" +
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config remove board_manager.additional_urls https://example.com/package_example_index.json https://another-url.com/package_another_index.json\n",
 		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
-		Run:  runRemoveCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runRemoveCommand(args, defaultSettings)
+		},
 		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
-			return GetConfigurationKeys(), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+			return GetSlicesConfigurationKeys(defaultSettings), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
 		},
 	}
 	return removeCommand
 }
 
-func runRemoveCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runRemoveCommand(args []string, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli config remove`")
 	key := args[0]
 	kind := validateKey(key)
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ func runRemoveCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	}
 
 	mappedValues := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, v := range configuration.Settings.GetStringSlice(key) {
+	for _, v := range defaultSettings.GetStringSlice(key) {
 		mappedValues[v] = true
 	}
 	for _, arg := range args[1:] {
@@ -63,9 +65,9 @@ func runRemoveCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	for k := range mappedValues {
 		values = append(values, k)
 	}
-	configuration.Settings.Set(key, values)
+	defaultSettings.Set(key, values)
 
-	if err := configuration.Settings.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
+	if err := defaultSettings.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Can't write config file: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/cli/config/set.go b/internal/cli/config/set.go
index 8fd002277da..10fb9e6f239 100644
--- a/internal/cli/config/set.go
+++ b/internal/cli/config/set.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-func initSetCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func initSetCommand(defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	setCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "set",
 		Short: tr("Sets a setting value."),
@@ -37,15 +37,17 @@ func initSetCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config set sketch.always_export_binaries true\n" +
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " config set board_manager.additional_urls https://example.com/package_example_index.json https://another-url.com/package_another_index.json",
 		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
-		Run:  runSetCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runSetCommand(defaultSettings, args)
+		},
 		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
-			return configuration.Settings.AllKeys(), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+			return defaultSettings.AllKeys(), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
 		},
 	}
 	return setCommand
 }
 
-func runSetCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runSetCommand(defaultSettings *configuration.Settings, args []string) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli config set`")
 	key := args[0]
 	kind := validateKey(key)
@@ -68,9 +70,9 @@ func runSetCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	configuration.Settings.Set(key, value)
+	defaultSettings.Set(key, value)
 
-	if err := configuration.Settings.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
+	if err := defaultSettings.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Writing config file: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/cli/configuration/configuration.go b/internal/cli/configuration/configuration.go
index e251b80c514..d3645c62c09 100644
--- a/internal/cli/configuration/configuration.go
+++ b/internal/cli/configuration/configuration.go
@@ -29,17 +29,19 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 )
 
-// Settings is a global instance of viper holding configurations for the CLI and the gRPC consumers
-var Settings *viper.Viper
-
 var tr = i18n.Tr
 
+// Settings contains the configuration of the Arduino CLI core service
+type Settings struct {
+	*viper.Viper
+}
+
 // Init initialize defaults and read the configuration file.
 // Please note the logging system hasn't been configured yet,
 // so logging shouldn't be used here.
-func Init(configFile string) *viper.Viper {
+func Init(configFile string) *Settings {
 	// Create a new viper instance with default values for all the settings
-	settings := viper.New()
+	settings := &Settings{viper.New()}
 	SetDefaults(settings)
 
 	// Set config name and config path
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ func Init(configFile string) *viper.Viper {
 }
 
 // BindFlags creates all the flags binding between the cobra Command and the instance of viper
-func BindFlags(cmd *cobra.Command, settings *viper.Viper) {
+func BindFlags(cmd *cobra.Command, settings *Settings) {
 	settings.BindPFlag("logging.level", cmd.Flag("log-level"))
 	settings.BindPFlag("logging.file", cmd.Flag("log-file"))
 	settings.BindPFlag("logging.format", cmd.Flag("log-format"))
diff --git a/internal/cli/configuration/defaults.go b/internal/cli/configuration/defaults.go
index be1a0088a62..c983310a746 100644
--- a/internal/cli/configuration/defaults.go
+++ b/internal/cli/configuration/defaults.go
@@ -19,12 +19,10 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
-
-	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 )
 
 // SetDefaults sets the default values for certain keys
-func SetDefaults(settings *viper.Viper) {
+func SetDefaults(settings *Settings) {
 	// logging
 	settings.SetDefault("logging.level", "info")
 	settings.SetDefault("logging.format", "text")
diff --git a/internal/cli/configuration/directories.go b/internal/cli/configuration/directories.go
index 27669e9017c..0fb9a9d19e5 100644
--- a/internal/cli/configuration/directories.go
+++ b/internal/cli/configuration/directories.go
@@ -17,15 +17,14 @@ package configuration
 
 import (
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
-	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 )
 
 // HardwareDirectories returns all paths that may contains hardware packages.
-func HardwareDirectories(settings *viper.Viper) paths.PathList {
+func HardwareDirectories(settings *Settings) paths.PathList {
 	res := paths.PathList{}
 
 	if settings.IsSet("directories.Data") {
-		packagesDir := PackagesDir(Settings)
+		packagesDir := PackagesDir(settings)
 		if packagesDir.IsDir() {
 			res.Add(packagesDir)
 		}
@@ -44,34 +43,34 @@ func HardwareDirectories(settings *viper.Viper) paths.PathList {
 
 // IDEBuiltinLibrariesDir returns the IDE-bundled libraries path. Usually
 // this directory is present in the Arduino IDE.
-func IDEBuiltinLibrariesDir(settings *viper.Viper) *paths.Path {
-	return paths.New(Settings.GetString("directories.builtin.Libraries"))
+func IDEBuiltinLibrariesDir(settings *Settings) *paths.Path {
+	return paths.New(settings.GetString("directories.builtin.Libraries"))
 }
 
 // LibrariesDir returns the full path to the user directory containing
 // custom libraries
-func LibrariesDir(settings *viper.Viper) *paths.Path {
+func LibrariesDir(settings *Settings) *paths.Path {
 	return paths.New(settings.GetString("directories.User")).Join("libraries")
 }
 
 // PackagesDir returns the full path to the packages folder
-func PackagesDir(settings *viper.Viper) *paths.Path {
+func PackagesDir(settings *Settings) *paths.Path {
 	return DataDir(settings).Join("packages")
 }
 
 // ProfilesCacheDir returns the full path to the profiles cache directory
 // (it contains all the platforms and libraries used to compile a sketch
 // using profiles)
-func ProfilesCacheDir(settings *viper.Viper) *paths.Path {
+func ProfilesCacheDir(settings *Settings) *paths.Path {
 	return DataDir(settings).Join("internal")
 }
 
 // DataDir returns the full path to the data directory
-func DataDir(settings *viper.Viper) *paths.Path {
+func DataDir(settings *Settings) *paths.Path {
 	return paths.New(settings.GetString("directories.Data"))
 }
 
 // DownloadsDir returns the full path to the download cache directory
-func DownloadsDir(settings *viper.Viper) *paths.Path {
+func DownloadsDir(settings *Settings) *paths.Path {
 	return paths.New(settings.GetString("directories.Downloads"))
 }
diff --git a/internal/cli/configuration/network.go b/internal/cli/configuration/network.go
index 793c67de155..c88b974c10d 100644
--- a/internal/cli/configuration/network.go
+++ b/internal/cli/configuration/network.go
@@ -17,16 +17,18 @@ package configuration
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"runtime"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/cmderrors"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/version"
-	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+	"go.bug.st/downloader/v2"
 )
 
 // UserAgent returns the user agent (mainly used by HTTP clients)
-func UserAgent(settings *viper.Viper) string {
+func UserAgent(settings *Settings) string {
 	subComponent := ""
 	if settings != nil {
 		subComponent = settings.GetString("network.user_agent_ext")
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ func UserAgent(settings *viper.Viper) string {
 }
 
 // NetworkProxy returns the proxy configuration (mainly used by HTTP clients)
-func NetworkProxy(settings *viper.Viper) (*url.URL, error) {
+func NetworkProxy(settings *Settings) (*url.URL, error) {
 	if settings == nil || !settings.IsSet("network.proxy") {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
@@ -65,3 +67,42 @@ func NetworkProxy(settings *viper.Viper) (*url.URL, error) {
 		return proxy, nil
 	}
 }
+
+// NewHttpClient returns a new http client for use in the arduino-cli
+func (settings *Settings) NewHttpClient() (*http.Client, error) {
+	proxy, err := NetworkProxy(settings)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &http.Client{
+		Transport: &httpClientRoundTripper{
+			transport: &http.Transport{
+				Proxy: http.ProxyURL(proxy),
+			},
+			userAgent: UserAgent(settings),
+		},
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type httpClientRoundTripper struct {
+	transport http.RoundTripper
+	userAgent string
+}
+
+func (h *httpClientRoundTripper) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	req.Header.Add("User-Agent", h.userAgent)
+	return h.transport.RoundTrip(req)
+}
+
+// DownloaderConfig returns the downloader configuration based on current settings.
+func (settings *Settings) DownloaderConfig() (downloader.Config, error) {
+	httpClient, err := settings.NewHttpClient()
+	if err != nil {
+		return downloader.Config{}, &cmderrors.InvalidArgumentError{
+			Message: tr("Could not connect via HTTP"),
+			Cause:   err}
+	}
+	return downloader.Config{
+		HttpClient: *httpClient,
+	}, nil
+}
diff --git a/internal/arduino/httpclient/httpclient_test.go b/internal/cli/configuration/network_test.go
similarity index 79%
rename from internal/arduino/httpclient/httpclient_test.go
rename to internal/cli/configuration/network_test.go
index a2dbc61c291..6d6218c8f5d 100644
--- a/internal/arduino/httpclient/httpclient_test.go
+++ b/internal/cli/configuration/network_test.go
@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@
 // Arduino software without disclosing the source code of your own applications.
 // To purchase a commercial license, send an email to license@arduino.cc.
 
-package httpclient
+package configuration_test
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
-	"net/url"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
@@ -32,9 +32,10 @@ func TestUserAgentHeader(t *testing.T) {
 	}))
 	defer ts.Close()
 
-	client := NewWithConfig(&Config{
-		UserAgent: "test-user-agent",
-	})
+	settings := configuration.Init("")
+	settings.Set("network.user_agent_ext", "test-user-agent")
+	client, err := settings.NewHttpClient()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	request, err := http.NewRequest("GET", ts.URL, nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ func TestUserAgentHeader(t *testing.T) {
 	b, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	require.Equal(t, "test-user-agent", string(b))
+	require.Contains(t, string(b), "test-user-agent")
 }
 
 func TestProxy(t *testing.T) {
@@ -54,13 +55,11 @@ func TestProxy(t *testing.T) {
 	}))
 	defer ts.Close()
 
-	proxyURL, err := url.Parse(ts.URL)
+	settings := configuration.Init("")
+	settings.Set("network.proxy", ts.URL)
+	client, err := settings.NewHttpClient()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	client := NewWithConfig(&Config{
-		Proxy: proxyURL,
-	})
-
 	request, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://arduino.cc", nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
diff --git a/internal/cli/core/core.go b/internal/cli/core/core.go
index ac337df6c9e..e8e3c60220b 100644
--- a/internal/cli/core/core.go
+++ b/internal/cli/core/core.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package core
 import (
 	"os"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 var tr = i18n.Tr
 
 // NewCommand created a new `core` command
-func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
+func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	coreCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "core",
 		Short:   tr("Arduino core operations."),
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 	coreCommand.AddCommand(initUpdateIndexCommand(srv))
 	coreCommand.AddCommand(initUpgradeCommand(srv))
 	coreCommand.AddCommand(initUninstallCommand(srv))
-	coreCommand.AddCommand(initSearchCommand(srv))
+	coreCommand.AddCommand(initSearchCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
 
 	return coreCommand
 }
diff --git a/internal/cli/core/search.go b/internal/cli/core/search.go
index c2d2690bcd4..164fcd4d4f2 100644
--- a/internal/cli/core/search.go
+++ b/internal/cli/core/search.go
@@ -32,12 +32,15 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback/table"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/instance"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
+	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-func initSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
+func initSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	var allVersions bool
+	indexDir := configuration.DataDir(defaultSettings)
+	additionalURLs := defaultSettings.GetStringSlice("board_manager.additional_urls")
 	searchCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     fmt.Sprintf("search <%s...>", tr("keywords")),
 		Short:   tr("Search for a core in Boards Manager."),
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ func initSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 		Example: "  " + os.Args[0] + " core search MKRZero -a -v",
 		Args:    cobra.ArbitraryArgs,
 		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
-			runSearchCommand(srv, args, allVersions)
+			runSearchCommand(srv, args, allVersions, indexDir, additionalURLs)
 		},
 	}
 	searchCommand.Flags().BoolVarP(&allVersions, "all", "a", false, tr("Show all available core versions."))
@@ -56,11 +59,11 @@ func initSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 // indexUpdateInterval specifies the time threshold over which indexes are updated
 const indexUpdateInterval = "24h"
 
-func runSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, args []string, allVersions bool) {
+func runSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, args []string, allVersions bool, indexDir *paths.Path, additionalURLs []string) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	inst := instance.CreateAndInit(ctx, srv)
 
-	if indexesNeedUpdating(indexUpdateInterval) {
+	if indexesNeedUpdating(indexDir, additionalURLs, indexUpdateInterval) {
 		stream := commands.UpdateIndexStreamResponseToCallbackFunction(ctx, feedback.ProgressBar())
 		err := srv.UpdateIndex(&rpc.UpdateIndexRequest{Instance: inst}, stream)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -141,9 +144,7 @@ func (sr searchResults) String() string {
 // used to update the indexes, if the duration is not valid a default
 // of 24 hours is used.
 // Valid time units are "ns", "us" (or "µs"), "ms", "s", "m", "h".
-func indexesNeedUpdating(duration string) bool {
-	indexpath := configuration.DataDir(configuration.Settings)
-
+func indexesNeedUpdating(indexDir *paths.Path, additionalURLs []string, duration string) bool {
 	now := time.Now()
 	modTimeThreshold, err := time.ParseDuration(duration)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ func indexesNeedUpdating(duration string) bool {
 	}
 
 	urls := []string{globals.DefaultIndexURL}
-	urls = append(urls, configuration.Settings.GetStringSlice("board_manager.additional_urls")...)
+	urls = append(urls, additionalURLs...)
 	for _, u := range urls {
 		URL, err := utils.URLParse(u)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ func indexesNeedUpdating(duration string) bool {
 		indexFileName = strings.TrimSuffix(indexFileName, ".sig")
 		indexFileName = strings.TrimSuffix(indexFileName, ".json")
 		// and obtain package_index.json as result
-		coreIndexPath := indexpath.Join(indexFileName + ".json")
+		coreIndexPath := indexDir.Join(indexFileName + ".json")
 		if coreIndexPath.NotExist() {
 			return true
 		}
diff --git a/internal/cli/daemon/daemon.go b/internal/cli/daemon/daemon.go
index 2422a03c2c2..8e719400eaf 100644
--- a/internal/cli/daemon/daemon.go
+++ b/internal/cli/daemon/daemon.go
@@ -24,12 +24,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
-	srv_commands "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/version"
+	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/arduino/go-paths-helper"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -45,17 +43,24 @@ var (
 )
 
 // NewCommand created a new `daemon` command
-func NewCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
+	var daemonPort string
 	daemonCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "daemon",
-		Short:   tr("Run as a daemon on port: %s", configuration.Settings.GetString("daemon.port")),
-		Long:    tr("Running as a daemon the initialization of cores and libraries is done only once."),
+		Short:   tr("Run the Arduino CLI as a gRPC daemon."),
 		Example: "  " + os.Args[0] + " daemon",
 		Args:    cobra.NoArgs,
-		Run:     runDaemonCommand,
+		PreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			// Bundled libraries support is enabled by default when running as a daemon
+			defaultSettings.SetDefault(
+				"directories.builtin.Libraries",
+				configuration.GetDefaultBuiltinLibrariesDir())
+		},
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runDaemonCommand(srv, daemonPort)
+		},
 	}
-	daemonCommand.PersistentFlags().String("port", "", tr("The TCP port the daemon will listen to"))
-	configuration.Settings.BindPFlag("daemon.port", daemonCommand.PersistentFlags().Lookup("port"))
+	daemonCommand.Flags().StringVar(&daemonPort, "port", defaultSettings.GetString("daemon.port"), tr("The TCP port the daemon will listen to"))
 	daemonCommand.Flags().BoolVar(&daemonize, "daemonize", false, tr("Do not terminate daemon process if the parent process dies"))
 	daemonCommand.Flags().BoolVar(&debug, "debug", false, tr("Enable debug logging of gRPC calls"))
 	daemonCommand.Flags().StringVar(&debugFile, "debug-file", "", tr("Append debug logging to the specified file"))
@@ -63,13 +68,9 @@ func NewCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	return daemonCommand
 }
 
-func runDaemonCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runDaemonCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, daemonPort string) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli daemon`")
 
-	// Bundled libraries support is enabled by default when running as a daemon
-	configuration.Settings.SetDefault("directories.builtin.Libraries", configuration.GetDefaultBuiltinLibrariesDir())
-
-	port := configuration.Settings.GetString("daemon.port")
 	gRPCOptions := []grpc.ServerOption{}
 	if debugFile != "" {
 		if !debug {
@@ -98,43 +99,40 @@ func runDaemonCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		)
 	}
 	s := grpc.NewServer(gRPCOptions...)
-	// Set specific user-agent for the daemon
-	configuration.Settings.Set("network.user_agent_ext", "daemon")
 
 	// register the commands service
-	srv_commands.RegisterArduinoCoreServiceServer(s,
-		commands.NewArduinoCoreServer(version.VersionInfo.VersionString))
+	rpc.RegisterArduinoCoreServiceServer(s, srv)
 
 	if !daemonize {
 		// When parent process ends terminate also the daemon
 		go feedback.ExitWhenParentProcessEnds()
 	}
 
-	ip := "127.0.0.1"
-	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", ip, port))
+	daemonIP := "127.0.0.1"
+	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", daemonIP, daemonPort))
 	if err != nil {
 		// Invalid port, such as "Foo"
 		var dnsError *net.DNSError
 		if errors.As(err, &dnsError) {
-			feedback.Fatal(tr("Failed to listen on TCP port: %[1]s. %[2]s is unknown name.", port, dnsError.Name), feedback.ErrBadTCPPortArgument)
+			feedback.Fatal(tr("Failed to listen on TCP port: %[1]s. %[2]s is unknown name.", daemonPort, dnsError.Name), feedback.ErrBadTCPPortArgument)
 		}
 		// Invalid port number, such as -1
 		var addrError *net.AddrError
 		if errors.As(err, &addrError) {
-			feedback.Fatal(tr("Failed to listen on TCP port: %[1]s. %[2]s is an invalid port.", port, addrError.Addr), feedback.ErrBadTCPPortArgument)
+			feedback.Fatal(tr("Failed to listen on TCP port: %[1]s. %[2]s is an invalid port.", daemonPort, addrError.Addr), feedback.ErrBadTCPPortArgument)
 		}
 		// Port is already in use
 		var syscallErr *os.SyscallError
 		if errors.As(err, &syscallErr) && errors.Is(syscallErr.Err, syscall.EADDRINUSE) {
-			feedback.Fatal(tr("Failed to listen on TCP port: %s. Address already in use.", port), feedback.ErrFailedToListenToTCPPort)
+			feedback.Fatal(tr("Failed to listen on TCP port: %s. Address already in use.", daemonPort), feedback.ErrFailedToListenToTCPPort)
 		}
-		feedback.Fatal(tr("Failed to listen on TCP port: %[1]s. Unexpected error: %[2]v", port, err), feedback.ErrFailedToListenToTCPPort)
+		feedback.Fatal(tr("Failed to listen on TCP port: %[1]s. Unexpected error: %[2]v", daemonPort, err), feedback.ErrFailedToListenToTCPPort)
 	}
 
 	// We need to retrieve the port used only if the user did not specify it
 	// and let the OS choose it randomly, in all other cases we already know
 	// which port is used.
-	if port == "0" {
+	if daemonPort == "0" {
 		address := lis.Addr()
 		split := strings.Split(address.String(), ":")
 
@@ -142,12 +140,12 @@ func runDaemonCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 			feedback.Fatal(tr("Invalid TCP address: port is missing"), feedback.ErrBadTCPPortArgument)
 		}
 
-		port = split[1]
+		daemonPort = split[1]
 	}
 
 	feedback.PrintResult(daemonResult{
-		IP:   ip,
-		Port: port,
+		IP:   daemonIP,
+		Port: daemonPort,
 	})
 
 	if err := s.Serve(lis); err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/cli/lib/install.go b/internal/cli/lib/install.go
index dce521eb6d3..d8aafc8bd1a 100644
--- a/internal/cli/lib/install.go
+++ b/internal/cli/lib/install.go
@@ -34,12 +34,13 @@ import (
 	semver "go.bug.st/relaxed-semver"
 )
 
-func initInstallCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
+func initInstallCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	var noDeps bool
 	var noOverwrite bool
 	var gitURL bool
 	var zipPath bool
 	var useBuiltinLibrariesDir bool
+	enableUnsafeInstall := defaultSettings.GetBool("library.enable_unsafe_install")
 	installCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   fmt.Sprintf("install %s[@%s]...", tr("LIBRARY"), tr("VERSION_NUMBER")),
 		Short: tr("Installs one or more specified libraries into the system."),
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ func initInstallCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " lib install --zip-path /path/to/WiFi101.zip /path/to/ArduinoBLE.zip\n",
 		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
 		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
-			runInstallCommand(srv, args, noDeps, noOverwrite, gitURL, zipPath, useBuiltinLibrariesDir)
+			runInstallCommand(srv, args, noDeps, noOverwrite, gitURL, zipPath, useBuiltinLibrariesDir, enableUnsafeInstall)
 		},
 		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
 			return arguments.GetInstallableLibs(context.Background(), srv), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
@@ -66,13 +67,13 @@ func initInstallCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 	return installCommand
 }
 
-func runInstallCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, args []string, noDeps bool, noOverwrite bool, gitURL bool, zipPath bool, useBuiltinLibrariesDir bool) {
+func runInstallCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, args []string, noDeps bool, noOverwrite bool, gitURL bool, zipPath bool, useBuiltinLibrariesDir bool, enableUnsafeInstall bool) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	instance := instance.CreateAndInit(ctx, srv)
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli lib install`")
 
 	if zipPath || gitURL {
-		if !configuration.Settings.GetBool("library.enable_unsafe_install") {
+		if !enableUnsafeInstall {
 			documentationURL := "https://arduino.github.io/arduino-cli/latest/configuration/#configuration-keys"
 			_, err := semver.Parse(version.VersionInfo.VersionString)
 			if err == nil {
diff --git a/internal/cli/lib/lib.go b/internal/cli/lib/lib.go
index deab795b9f5..35cd5286139 100644
--- a/internal/cli/lib/lib.go
+++ b/internal/cli/lib/lib.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package lib
 import (
 	"os"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 var tr = i18n.Tr
 
 // NewCommand created a new `lib` command
-func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
+func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	libCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "lib",
 		Short: tr("Arduino commands about libraries."),
@@ -37,10 +38,10 @@ func NewCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
 	}
 
 	libCommand.AddCommand(initDownloadCommand(srv))
-	libCommand.AddCommand(initInstallCommand(srv))
+	libCommand.AddCommand(initInstallCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
 	libCommand.AddCommand(initListCommand(srv))
 	libCommand.AddCommand(initExamplesCommand(srv))
-	libCommand.AddCommand(initSearchCommand(srv))
+	libCommand.AddCommand(initSearchCommand(srv, defaultSettings))
 	libCommand.AddCommand(initUninstallCommand(srv))
 	libCommand.AddCommand(initUpgradeCommand(srv))
 	libCommand.AddCommand(initUpdateIndexCommand(srv))
diff --git a/internal/cli/lib/search.go b/internal/cli/lib/search.go
index 9bb14709df9..31f46ed58cc 100644
--- a/internal/cli/lib/search.go
+++ b/internal/cli/lib/search.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-func initSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer) *cobra.Command {
+func initSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	var namesOnly bool
 	var omitReleasesDetails bool
 	searchCommand := &cobra.Command{
@@ -92,7 +92,8 @@ In addition to the fields listed above, QV terms can use these qualifiers:
 			"  " + os.Args[0] + " lib search dependencies=IRremote               # " + tr("libraries that depend only on \"IRremote\"") + "\n",
 		Args: cobra.ArbitraryArgs,
 		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
-			runSearchCommand(srv, args, namesOnly, omitReleasesDetails)
+			indexDir := paths.New(defaultSettings.GetString("directories.Data"))
+			runSearchCommand(srv, args, namesOnly, omitReleasesDetails, indexDir)
 		},
 	}
 	searchCommand.Flags().BoolVar(&namesOnly, "names", false, tr("Show library names only."))
@@ -103,13 +104,13 @@ In addition to the fields listed above, QV terms can use these qualifiers:
 // indexUpdateInterval specifies the time threshold over which indexes are updated
 const indexUpdateInterval = 60 * time.Minute
 
-func runSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, args []string, namesOnly bool, omitReleasesDetails bool) {
+func runSearchCommand(srv rpc.ArduinoCoreServiceServer, args []string, namesOnly bool, omitReleasesDetails bool, indexDir *paths.Path) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	inst := instance.CreateAndInit(ctx, srv)
 
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli lib search`")
 
-	if indexNeedsUpdating(indexUpdateInterval) {
+	if indexNeedsUpdating(indexUpdateInterval, indexDir) {
 		req := &rpc.UpdateLibrariesIndexRequest{Instance: inst}
 		stream := commands.UpdateLibrariesIndexStreamResponseToCallbackFunction(ctx, feedback.ProgressBar())
 		if err := srv.UpdateLibrariesIndex(req, stream); err != nil {
@@ -221,11 +222,11 @@ func (res librarySearchResult) String() string {
 }
 
 // indexNeedsUpdating returns whether library_index.json needs updating
-func indexNeedsUpdating(timeout time.Duration) bool {
+// TODO: Make this a gRPC call
+func indexNeedsUpdating(timeout time.Duration, indexDir *paths.Path) bool {
 	// Library index path is constant (relative to the data directory).
 	// It does not depend on board manager URLs or any other configuration.
-	dataDir := configuration.Settings.GetString("directories.Data")
-	indexPath := paths.New(dataDir).Join("library_index.json")
+	indexPath := indexDir.Join("library_index.json")
 	// Verify the index file exists and we can read its fstat attrs.
 	if indexPath.NotExist() {
 		return true
diff --git a/internal/cli/updater/updater.go b/internal/cli/updater/updater.go
index 8a980fb3ad9..2c5c2c0f34b 100644
--- a/internal/cli/updater/updater.go
+++ b/internal/cli/updater/updater.go
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/arduino/httpclient"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
@@ -34,24 +33,27 @@ var tr = i18n.Tr
 
 // CheckForUpdate returns the latest available version if greater than
 // the one running and it makes sense to check for an update, nil in all other cases
-func CheckForUpdate(currentVersion *semver.Version) *semver.Version {
-	if !shouldCheckForUpdate(currentVersion) {
+func CheckForUpdate(currentVersion *semver.Version, settings *configuration.Settings) *semver.Version {
+	if strings.Contains(currentVersion.String(), "git-snapshot") || strings.Contains(currentVersion.String(), "nightly") {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if !settings.GetBool("updater.enable_notification") {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if inventory.Store.IsSet("updater.last_check_time") && time.Since(inventory.Store.GetTime("updater.last_check_time")).Hours() < 24 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if feedback.IsCI() || !feedback.IsInteractive() || !feedback.HasConsole() {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	return ForceCheckForUpdate(currentVersion)
-}
-
-// ForceCheckForUpdate always returns the latest available version if greater than
-// the one running, nil in all other cases
-func ForceCheckForUpdate(currentVersion *semver.Version) *semver.Version {
 	defer func() {
 		// Always save the last time we checked for updates at the end
 		inventory.Store.Set("updater.last_check_time", time.Now())
 		inventory.WriteStore()
 	}()
 
-	latestVersion, err := semver.Parse(getLatestRelease())
+	latestVersion, err := semver.Parse(getLatestRelease(settings))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -74,32 +76,10 @@ func NotifyNewVersionIsAvailable(latestVersion string) {
 	feedback.Warning(msg)
 }
 
-// shouldCheckForUpdate return true if it actually makes sense to check for new updates,
-// false in all other cases.
-func shouldCheckForUpdate(currentVersion *semver.Version) bool {
-	if strings.Contains(currentVersion.String(), "git-snapshot") || strings.Contains(currentVersion.String(), "nightly") {
-		// This is a dev build, no need to check for updates
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if !configuration.Settings.GetBool("updater.enable_notification") {
-		// Don't check if the user disabled the notification
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if inventory.Store.IsSet("updater.last_check_time") && time.Since(inventory.Store.GetTime("updater.last_check_time")).Hours() < 24 {
-		// Checked less than 24 hours ago, let's wait
-		return false
-	}
-
-	// Don't check when running on CI or on non interactive consoles
-	return !feedback.IsCI() && feedback.IsInteractive() && feedback.HasConsole()
-}
-
 // getLatestRelease queries the official Arduino download server for the latest release,
 // if there are no errors or issues a version string is returned, in all other case an empty string.
-func getLatestRelease() string {
-	client, err := httpclient.New()
+func getLatestRelease(settings *configuration.Settings) string {
+	client, err := settings.NewHttpClient()
 	if err != nil {
 		return ""
 	}
diff --git a/internal/cli/version/version.go b/internal/cli/version/version.go
index 990a4cbd236..1688a79fec6 100644
--- a/internal/cli/version/version.go
+++ b/internal/cli/version/version.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/configuration"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/updater"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/i18n"
@@ -32,19 +33,21 @@ import (
 var tr = i18n.Tr
 
 // NewCommand created a new `version` command
-func NewCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func NewCommand(defaultSettings *configuration.Settings) *cobra.Command {
 	versionCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "version",
 		Short:   tr("Shows version number of Arduino CLI."),
 		Long:    tr("Shows the version number of Arduino CLI which is installed on your system."),
 		Example: "  " + os.Args[0] + " version",
 		Args:    cobra.NoArgs,
-		Run:     runVersionCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runVersionCommand(defaultSettings)
+		},
 	}
 	return versionCommand
 }
 
-func runVersionCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runVersionCommand(settings *configuration.Settings) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli version`")
 
 	info := version.VersionInfo
@@ -59,7 +62,7 @@ func runVersionCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	if err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Error parsing current version: %s", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
-	latestVersion := updater.CheckForUpdate(currentVersion)
+	latestVersion := updater.CheckForUpdate(currentVersion, settings)
 
 	if feedback.GetFormat() != feedback.Text && latestVersion != nil {
 		// Set this only we managed to get the latest version
diff --git a/internal/docsgen/main.go b/internal/docsgen/main.go
index eb8903507e1..69ac4983de9 100644
--- a/internal/docsgen/main.go
+++ b/internal/docsgen/main.go
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ func main() {
 
 	os.MkdirAll(os.Args[1], 0755) // Create the output folder if it doesn't already exist
 
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init(configuration.FindConfigFileInArgsFallbackOnEnv(os.Args))
-	cli := cli.NewCommand(nil)
+	settings := configuration.Init(configuration.FindConfigFileInArgsFallbackOnEnv(os.Args))
+	cli := cli.NewCommand(nil, settings)
 	cli.DisableAutoGenTag = true // Disable addition of auto-generated date stamp
 	err := doc.GenMarkdownTree(cli, os.Args[1])
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/main.go b/main.go
index 8587037fbf1..2255ae626b4 100644
--- a/main.go
+++ b/main.go
@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 func main() {
-	configuration.Settings = configuration.Init(configuration.FindConfigFileInArgsFallbackOnEnv(os.Args))
-	i18n.Init(configuration.Settings.GetString("locale"))
+	defaultSettings := configuration.Init(configuration.FindConfigFileInArgsFallbackOnEnv(os.Args))
+	i18n.Init(defaultSettings.GetString("locale"))
 
-	srv := commands.NewArduinoCoreServer(version.VersionInfo.VersionString)
+	srv := commands.NewArduinoCoreServer(version.VersionInfo.VersionString, defaultSettings)
 
-	arduinoCmd := cli.NewCommand(srv)
+	arduinoCmd := cli.NewCommand(srv, defaultSettings)
 	if err := arduinoCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
 		feedback.FatalError(err, feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}