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State Sync

The module used for importing/syncing States into a commercetools project. It also provides utilities for generating update actions based on the comparison a State (which basically represents what commercetools already has) against a StateDraft (which represents a new version of the state supplied by the user).

Usage

Prerequisites

ProjectApiRoot

Use the ClientConfigurationUtils which apply the best practices for ProjectApiRoot creation. To create ClientCredentials which are required for creating a client please use the ClientCredentialsBuilder provided in java-sdk-v2 Client OAUTH2 package If you have custom requirements for the client creation, have a look into the Important Usage Tips.

final ClientCredentials clientCredentials =
        new ClientCredentialsBuilder()
        .withClientId("client-id")
        .withClientSecret("client-secret")
        .withScopes("scopes")
        .build();
final ProjectApiRoot apiRoot = ClientConfigurationUtils.createClient("project-key", clientCredentials, "auth-url", "api-url");

Required Fields

The following fields are required to be set in, otherwise, they won't be matched by sync:

Draft Required Fields Note
StateDraft key Also, the states in the target project are expected to have the key fields set.

Reference Resolution

Transitions are a way to describe possible transformations of the current state to other states of the same type (for example Initial -> Shipped). When performing a SetTransitions, an array of ResourceIdentifiers to State is needed. In commercetools, a ResourceIdentifier can be created by providing either the key or the ID. When the key to a referenced state is provided with a ResourceIdentifier, the sync will resolve the resource with the given key and use the ID of the found resource to create or update a reference.

ResourceIdentifier Field Type
transitions Array of StateResourceIdentifiers
Syncing from a commercetools project

When syncing from a source commercetools project, you can use toStateDrafts method that transforms(resolves by querying and caching key-id pairs) and maps from a State to StateDraft using cache in order to make them ready for reference resolution by the sync, for example:

// Build a ByProjectKeyStatesGet for fetching states from a source CTP project without any references expanded for the sync:
final ByProjectKeyStatesGet byProjectKeyStatesGet = client.states().get();

// Query all states (NOTE this is just for example, please adjust your logic)
final List<State> states = QueryUtils.queryAll(byProjectKeyStatesGet,
        (states) -> states)
        .thenApply(lists -> lists.stream().flatMap(List::stream).collect(Collectors.toList()))
        .toCompletableFuture()
        .join();

In order to transform and map the State to StateDraft, Utils method toStateDrafts requires projectApiRoot, implementation of ReferenceIdToKeyCache and states as parameters. For cache implementation, You can use your own cache implementation or use the class in the library - which implements the cache using caffeine library with an LRU (Least Recently Used) based cache eviction strategyCaffeineReferenceIdToKeyCacheImpl. Example as shown below:

//Implement the cache using library class.
final ReferenceIdToKeyCache referenceIdToKeyCache = new CaffeineReferenceIdToKeyCacheImpl();

//For every reference fetch its key using id, cache it and map from State to StateDraft. With help of the cache same reference keys can be reused.
final CompletableFuture<List<StateDraft>> stateDrafts = StateTransformUtils.toStateDrafts(client, referenceIdToKeyCache, states);
Syncing from an external resource
  • When syncing from an external resource, ResourceIdentifiers with their keys have to be supplied as following example:
final StateDraft stateDraft = StateDraftBuilder.of()
        .key("state-key")
        .type(StateTypeEnum.LINE_ITEM_STATE)
        .transitions(StateResourceIdentifierBuilder.of().key("another-state-key").build())
        .build();

SyncOptions

After the projectApiRoot is set up, a StateSyncOptions should be built as follows:

// instantiating a StateSyncOptions
   final StateSyncOptions stateSyncOptions = StateSyncOptionsBuilder.of(projectApiRoot).build();

SyncOptions is an object which provides a place for users to add certain configurations to customize the sync process. Available configurations:

errorCallback

A callback that is called whenever an error event occurs during the sync process. Each resource executes its own error-callback. When the sync process of a particular resource runs successfully, it is not triggered. It contains the following context about the error-event:

  • sync exception
  • state draft from the source
  • state of the target project (only provided if an existing state could be found)
  • the update-actions, which failed (only provided if an existing state could be found)
 final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StateSync.class);
 final StateSyncOptions stateSyncOptions = StateSyncOptionsBuilder
         .of(projectApiRoot)
         .errorCallback((syncException, draft, state, updateActions) -> 
            logger.error(new SyncException("My customized message"), syncException)).build();
warningCallback

A callback is called whenever a warning event occurs during the sync process. Each resource executes its own warning-callback. When the sync process of a particular resource runs successfully, it is not triggered. It contains the following context about the warning message:

  • sync exception
  • state draft from the source
  • state of the target project (only provided if an existing state could be found)
 final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StateSync.class);
 final StateSyncOptions stateSyncOptions = StateSyncOptionsBuilder
         .of(projectApiRoot)
         .warningCallback((syncException, draft, state) -> 
            logger.warn(new SyncException("My customized message"), syncException)).build();
beforeUpdateCallback

During the sync process, if a target state and a state draft are matched, this callback can be used to intercept the update request just before it is sent to the commercetools platform. This allows the user to modify update actions array with custom actions or discard unwanted actions. The callback provides the following information :

  • state draft from the source
  • state from the target project
  • update actions that were calculated after comparing both
final TriFunction<
        List<StateUpdateAction>, StateDraft, State, List<StateUpdateAction>> 
            beforeUpdateStateCallback =
            (updateActions, newStateDraft, oldState) ->  updateActions.stream()
                    .filter(updateAction -> !(updateAction instanceof StateRemoveRolesAction))
                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
                        
final StateSyncOptions stateSyncOptions = 
        StateSyncOptionsBuilder.of(projectApiRoot).beforeUpdateCallback(beforeUpdateStateCallback).build();
beforeCreateCallback

During the sync process, if a state draft should be created, this callback can be used to intercept the create request just before it is sent to the commercetools platform. It contains the following information :

  • state draft that should be created

Please refer to example in product sync document.

batchSize

A number that could be used to set the batch size with which states are fetched and processed, as states are obtained from the target project on commercetools platform in batches for better performance. The algorithm accumulates up to batchSize resources from the input list, then fetches the corresponding states from the target project on the commecetools platform in a single request. Playing with this option can slightly improve or reduce processing speed. If it is not set, the default batch size is 50 for state sync.

final StateSyncOptions stateSyncOptions = 
         StateSyncOptionsBuilder.of(projectApiRoot).batchSize(30).build();
cacheSize

In the service classes of the commercetools-sync-java library, we have implemented an in-memory LRU cache to store a map used for the reference resolution of the library. The cache reduces the reference resolution based calls to the commercetools API as the required fields of a resource will be fetched only one time. These cached fields then might be used by another resource referencing the already resolved resource instead of fetching from commercetools API. It turns out, having the in-memory LRU cache will improve the overall performance of the sync library and commercetools API. which will improve the overall performance of the sync and commercetools API.

Playing with this option can change the memory usage of the library. If it is not set, the default cache size is 10.000 for state sync.

final StateSyncOptions stateSyncOptions = 
         StateSyncOptionsBuilder.of(projectApiRoot).cacheSize(5000).build();

Running the sync

After all the aforementioned points in the previous section have been fulfilled, run the sync as follows:

// instantiating a State sync
   final StateSync stateSync = new StateSync(stateSyncOptions);

// execute the sync on your list of StateDraft
  final CompletionStage<StateSyncStatistics> stateSyncStatisticsStage = stateSync.sync(stateDrafts);

The result of the completing the StateSyncStatistics in the previous code snippet contains a StateSyncStatistics which contains all the stats of the sync process; which includes a report message, the total number of updated, created, failed, processed states, the missing parent of transitions and the processing time of the sync in different time units and in a human-readable format.

final StateSyncStatistics stats = stateSyncStatisticsStage.toCompletebleFuture().join();
stats.getReportMessage(); 
// Summary: 3 state(s) were processed in total (3 created, 0 updated, 0 failed to sync and 0 state(s) with missing transition(s).

Note The statistics object contains the processing time of the last batch only. This is due to two reasons:

  1. The sync processing time should not take into account the time between supplying batches to the sync.
  2. It is not known by the sync which batch is going to be the last one supplied.
Persistence of StateDrafts with missing references

A StateDraft (state-A) could be supplied with a transition referencing StateDraft (state-B). It could be that (state-B) is not supplied before (state-A), which means the sync could fail to create/update (state-A). It could also be that (state-B) is not supplied at all in this batch but at a later batch.

The library keeps tracks of such "referencing" states like (state-A) and persists them in storage (commercetools customObjects in the target project , in this case) to keep them and create/update them accordingly whenever the referenced state has been provided at some point.

The customObject will have a container: "commercetools-sync-java.UnresolvedTransitionsService.stateDrafts" and a key representing a hash value of the StateDraft key that is waiting to be created/updated.

Here is an example of a CustomObject in the target project that represents a StateDraft with key state-A.
It being persisted as CustomObject means that the referenced StateDrafts with keys state-B do not exist yet.

{
  "container": "commercetools-sync-java.UnresolvedTransitionsService.stateDrafts",
  "key": "518ea82bb78755c0cdd67909dd3206d56186f7e5",
  "value": {
    "missingTransitionStateKeys": [
      "state-B"
    ],
    "stateDraft": {
      "type": "ReviewState",
      "transitions": [
        {
          "id": "state-B",
          "typeId": "state"
        }
      ],
      "roles": [
        "ReviewIncludedInStatistics"
      ],
      "key": "state-A",
      "initial": true
    }
  }
}

As soon, as the referenced StateDrafts are supplied to the sync, the draft will be created/updated and the CustomObject will be removed from the target project.

Keeping the old custom objects around forever can negatively influence the performance of your project and the time it takes to restore it from a backup. Deleting unused data ensures the best performance for your project. Please have a look into the Cleanup guide to cleanup old unresolved custom objects.

More examples of how to use the sync

  1. Sync from another CTP project as a source.
  2. Sync from an external source.

Make sure to read the Important Usage Tips for optimal performance.

Build all update actions

A utility method provided by the library to compare a State with a new StateDraft and results in a list of state update actions. update actions.

List<StateUpdateAction> updateActions = StateSyncUtils.buildActions(state, stateDraft, stateSyncOptions);

Build particular update action(s)

Utility methods provided by the library to compare the specific fields of a State and a new StateDraft, and in turn builds the update action. One example is the buildSetNameAction which compares names:

Optional<StateUpdateAction> updateAction = StateUpdateActionUtils.buildSetNameAction(oldState, stateDraft);

More examples of those utils for different types can be found here.

Migration Guide

The state-sync uses the JVM-SDK-V2, therefore ensure you Install JVM SDK module commercetools-sdk-java-api with any HTTP client module. The default one is commercetools-http-client.

 <!-- Sample maven pom.xml -->
 <properties>
     <commercetools.version>LATEST</commercetools.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.commercetools.sdk</groupId>
       <artifactId>commercetools-http-client</artifactId>
       <version>${commercetools.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.commercetools.sdk</groupId>
       <artifactId>commercetools-sdk-java-api</artifactId>
       <version>${commercetools.version}</version>
     </dependency>
 </dependencies>

Client configuration and creation

For client creation use ClientConfigurationUtils which apply the best practices for ProjectApiRoot creation. If you have custom requirements for the client creation make sure to replace SphereClientFactory with ApiRootBuilder as described in this Migration Document.

Signature of StateSyncOptions

As models and update actions have changed in the JVM-SDK-V2 the signature of SyncOptions is different. It's constructor now takes a ProjectApiRoot as first argument. The callback functions are signed with State, StateDraft and StateUpdateAction from package com.commercetools.api.models.state.*

Note: Type StateUpdateAction has changed to StateUpdateAction. Make sure you create and supply a specific StateUpdateAction in beforeUpdateCallback. For that you can use the library-utilities or use a JVM-SDK builder (see also):

// Example: Create a state update action to change name taking the 'newName' of the stateDraft
    final Function<LocalizedString, StateUpdateAction> createBeforeUpdateAction =
        (newName) -> StateSetNameAction.builder().name(newName).build();

// Add the change name action to the list of update actions before update is executed
    final TriFunction<
            List<StateUpdateAction>, StateDraft, State, List<StateUpdateAction>>
        beforeUpdateStateCallback =
            (updateActions, newStateDraft, oldState) -> {
              final StateUpdateAction beforeUpdateAction =
                  createBeforeUpdateAction.apply(newStateDraft.getName());
              updateActions.add(beforeUpdateAction);
              return updateActions;
            };

Build StateDraft (syncing from external project)

The state-sync expects a list of StateDrafts to process. If you use java-sync-library to sync your states from any external system into a commercetools platform project you have to convert your data into CTP compatible StateDraft type. This was done in previous version using DraftBuilders. The V2 SDK do not have inheritance for DraftBuilder classes but the differences are minor and you can replace it easily. Here's an example:

// StateDraftBuilder in v1 takes parameters 'key', 'type' 
final StateDraft stateDraft =
        StateDraftBuilder.of("key", StateType.LINE_ITEM_STATE)
        .name(ofEnglish("state-name"))
        .description(ofEnglish("state-desc"))
        .roles(Collections.singleton(StateRole.RETURN))
        .initial(false)
        .build();

// StateDraftBuilder in v2
final StateDraft stateDraft =
        StateDraftBuilder.of()
        .key("key")
        .type(StateTypeEnum.LINE_ITEM_STATE)
        .name(ofEnglish("state-name"))
        .description(ofEnglish("state-desc"))
        .roles(StateRoleEnum.RETURN)
        .initial(false)
        .build();

For more information, see the Guide to replace DraftBuilders.

Query for states (syncing from CTP project)

If you sync states between different commercetools projects you probably use StateTransformUtils#toStateDrafts to transform State into StateDraft which can be used by the state-sync. However, if you need to query states from a commercetools project instead of passing StateQuerys to a sphereClient, create (and execute) requests directly from the apiRoot. Here's an example:

// SDK v1: StateQuery to fetch all states
final StateQuery query = StateQuery.of();

final PagedQueryResult<State> pagedQueryResult = sphereClient.executeBlocking(query);

// SDK v2: Create and execute query to fetch all states in one line
final StatePagedQueryResponse result = apiRoot.states().get().executeBlocking().getBody();

Read more about querying resources.

Referencing other states in transitions

When you use references to other states in the field transitions, the state-sync needs to do the reference resolution process. In the previous java-sdk-v1 it was required to provide the key value on the id field of the reference. In the current java-sdk-v2 you must provide the key field in StateResourceIdentifier. For detailed information see the Reference resolution section.