The best overview can be found on our medium here: https://medium.com/giveth/conviction-voting-a-novel-continuous-decision-making-alternative-to-governance-aa746cfb9475
If you would like to do a deep dive into the details of the math behind Conviction Voting, we have implementation documentation from our ethParis Hackathon submission https://hackmd.io/@EtCgawsxS2mC6-Q0rCqhAw/rJMvfgOv4?type=view
There are some further implimentations being made by 1Hive on Aragon as well... Very Exciting!!!