diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-rubygem.yml b/.github/workflows/release-rubygem.yml
index b12f9bff..0314b2b2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-rubygem.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-rubygem.yml
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
         with:
-          ruby-version: '3.0.2'
+          ruby-version: '3.2'
           bundler-cache: true
       - uses: cucumber/action-publish-rubygem@v1.0.0
         with:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-ruby.yml b/.github/workflows/test-ruby.yml
index 41f5bfb2..a4f8070e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-ruby.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-ruby.yml
@@ -17,20 +17,20 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         os:
           - ubuntu-latest
-        ruby: ['2.5', '2.6', '2.7', '3.0']
+        ruby: ['2.5', '2.6', '2.7', '3.0', '3.1', '3.2']
         include:
           - os: windows-latest
-            ruby: '3.0'
+            ruby: '3.2'
           - os: macos-latest
-            ruby: '3.0'
+            ruby: '3.2'
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Set up Ruby
-      uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+    - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
       with:
         ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
         bundler-cache: true
+        rubygems: '3.0.8'
         working-directory: ruby
     - run: bundle exec rspec
       working-directory: ruby
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 2b176eb9..6a5a14aa 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](http://keepachangelog.com/)
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).
 
 ## [Unreleased]
+### Added
+- [Ruby] Initial rubocop gems and basic compliance added (More work to come) ([#133](https://github.com/cucumber/tag-expressions/pull/133))
+
+### Changed
+- [Ruby] Minimum ruby version is now bumped from 1.9 to 2.3 ([#133](https://github.com/cucumber/tag-expressions/pull/133))
+  
 ### Fixed
 - [Perl] Include README.md and LICENSE in the release tarball
 (by [ehuelsmann](https://github.com/ehuelsmann))
diff --git a/ruby/.gitignore b/ruby/.gitignore
index 2d16bb2a..63759f3d 100644
--- a/ruby/.gitignore
+++ b/ruby/.gitignore
@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 Gemfile.lock
 coverage/
 acceptance/
-pkg/
-*.gem
-.compared
-.deps
-.tested*
 *-go
 *.iml
diff --git a/ruby/.rubocop.yml b/ruby/.rubocop.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9889e7f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ruby/.rubocop.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# TODO: Re-enable once tag-expressions > 7.0
+#require:
+#  - rubocop-performance
+#  - rubocop-rake
+#  - rubocop-rspec
+
+inherit_from: .rubocop_todo.yml
+
+inherit_mode:
+  merge:
+    - Exclude
+
+AllCops:
+  TargetRubyVersion: 2.3
+# TODO: Re-enable once rubocop > 1.10
+#  NewCops: enable
+
+# Disabled on our repo's to enable polyglot-release
+# TODO: Re-enable once rubocop > 1.40
+#Gemspec/RequireMFA:
+#  Enabled: false
+
+Layout/LineLength:
+  Max: 200
+
+Style/Documentation:
+  Enabled: false
+
+Style/RegexpLiteral:
+  EnforcedStyle: slashes
+  AllowInnerSlashes: true
+
+# TODO: Re-enable once rubocop-rspec > 1.20
+#RSpec/MessageSpies:
+#  EnforcedStyle: receive
diff --git a/ruby/.rubocop_todo.yml b/ruby/.rubocop_todo.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e211320c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ruby/.rubocop_todo.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+# This configuration was generated by
+# `rubocop --auto-gen-config`
+# on 2023-10-06 16:28:14 +0100 using RuboCop version 0.79.0.
+# The point is for the user to remove these configuration records
+# one by one as the offenses are removed from the code base.
+# Note that changes in the inspected code, or installation of new
+# versions of RuboCop, may require this file to be generated again.
+
+# TODO: Oct '23 -> 9 files inspected, 78 offenses detected
+
+# Offense count: 3
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+Layout/EmptyLineAfterGuardClause:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+Layout/EmptyLineAfterMagicComment:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'Gemfile'
+
+# Offense count: 5
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: AllowForAlignment, AllowBeforeTrailingComments, ForceEqualSignAlignment.
+Layout/ExtraSpacing:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle, IndentationWidth.
+# SupportedStyles: special_inside_parentheses, consistent, align_braces
+Layout/FirstHashElementIndentation:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec'
+
+# Offense count: 7
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: AllowMultipleStyles, EnforcedHashRocketStyle, EnforcedColonStyle, EnforcedLastArgumentHashStyle.
+# SupportedHashRocketStyles: key, separator, table
+# SupportedColonStyles: key, separator, table
+# SupportedLastArgumentHashStyles: always_inspect, always_ignore, ignore_implicit, ignore_explicit
+Layout/HashAlignment:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle, IndentationWidth.
+# SupportedStyles: aligned, indented
+Layout/MultilineOperationIndentation:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyleInsidePipes.
+# SupportedStylesInsidePipes: space, no_space
+Layout/SpaceAroundBlockParameters:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 3
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: AllowForAlignment, EnforcedStyleForExponentOperator.
+# SupportedStylesForExponentOperator: space, no_space
+Layout/SpaceAroundOperators:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/expressions.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: AllowUnusedKeywordArguments, IgnoreEmptyMethods.
+Lint/UnusedMethodArgument:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/expressions.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+Metrics/AbcSize:
+  Max: 27
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Configuration parameters: CountComments.
+Metrics/ClassLength:
+  Max: 132
+
+# Offense count: 1
+Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity:
+  Max: 13
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# Configuration parameters: CountComments, ExcludedMethods.
+Metrics/MethodLength:
+  Max: 29
+
+# Offense count: 1
+Metrics/PerceivedComplexity:
+  Max: 15
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Configuration parameters: MinNameLength, AllowNamesEndingInNumbers, AllowedNames, ForbiddenNames.
+# AllowedNames: io, id, to, by, on, in, at, ip, db, os
+Naming/MethodParameterName:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 6
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle.
+# SupportedStyles: percent_q, bare_percent
+Style/BarePercentLiterals:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+    - 'spec/errors_spec.rb'
+    - 'spec/parsing_spec.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle, SingleLineConditionsOnly, IncludeTernaryExpressions.
+# SupportedStyles: assign_to_condition, assign_inside_condition
+Style/ConditionalAssignment:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+Style/Documentation:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'spec/**/*'
+    - 'test/**/*'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/expressions.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+Style/Encoding:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+Style/ExpandPathArguments:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'Rakefile'
+
+# Offense count: 8
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle.
+# SupportedStyles: always, never
+Style/FrozenStringLiteralComment:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'Rakefile'
+    - 'cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions.rb'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/expressions.rb'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+    - 'spec/errors_spec.rb'
+    - 'spec/evaluations_spec.rb'
+    - 'spec/parsing_spec.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# Configuration parameters: MinBodyLength.
+Style/GuardClause:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+Style/IfUnlessModifier:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle.
+# SupportedStyles: both, prefix, postfix
+Style/NegatedIf:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: AutoCorrect, EnforcedStyle, IgnoredMethods.
+# SupportedStyles: predicate, comparison
+Style/NumericPredicate:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'spec/**/*'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 4
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: PreferredDelimiters.
+Style/PercentLiteralDelimiters:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+    - 'spec/errors_spec.rb'
+    - 'spec/parsing_spec.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: .
+# SupportedStyles: use_perl_names, use_english_names
+Style/SpecialGlobalVars:
+  EnforcedStyle: use_perl_names
+
+# Offense count: 11
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle, ConsistentQuotesInMultiline.
+# SupportedStyles: single_quotes, double_quotes
+Style/StringLiterals:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'Rakefile'
+    - 'cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/expressions.rb'
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyleForMultiline.
+# SupportedStylesForMultiline: comma, consistent_comma, no_comma
+Style/TrailingCommaInHashLiteral:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+Style/WhileUntilModifier:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+Style/ZeroLengthPredicate:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 9
+# Cop supports --auto-correct.
+# Configuration parameters: AutoCorrect, AllowHeredoc, AllowURI, URISchemes, IgnoreCopDirectives, IgnoredPatterns.
+# URISchemes: http, https
+Layout/LineLength:
+  Max: 140
diff --git a/ruby/Gemfile b/ruby/Gemfile
index 9aa53998..7f4f5e95 100644
--- a/ruby/Gemfile
+++ b/ruby/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
 gemspec
diff --git a/ruby/Rakefile b/ruby/Rakefile
index 078ae345..fb697d68 100644
--- a/ruby/Rakefile
+++ b/ruby/Rakefile
@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-# encoding: utf-8
-require 'rubygems'
-require 'bundler'
-Bundler::GemHelper.install_tasks
-
 $:.unshift File.expand_path("../lib", __FILE__)
 
 require "rspec/core/rake_task"
diff --git a/ruby/cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec b/ruby/cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec
index 5f084744..0fa0514c 100644
--- a/ruby/cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec
+++ b/ruby/cucumber-tag-expressions.gemspec
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
-
 version = File.read(File.expand_path("VERSION", __dir__)).strip
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
@@ -12,7 +10,8 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.homepage    = 'https://cucumber.io/docs/cucumber/api/#tag-expressions'
   s.platform    = Gem::Platform::RUBY
   s.license     = 'MIT'
-  s.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.9.3'
+  s.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.3'
+  s.required_rubygems_version = '>= 3.0.8'
 
   s.metadata    = {
                     'bug_tracker_uri'   => 'https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/issues',
@@ -23,9 +22,9 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
                   }
 
   s.add_development_dependency 'rake', '~> 13.0', '>= 13.0.6'
-  s.add_development_dependency 'rspec', '~> 3.10', '>= 3.10.0'
+  s.add_development_dependency 'rspec', '~> 3.11'
+  s.add_development_dependency 'rubocop', '~> 0.79.0'
 
-  s.rubygems_version = '>= 1.6.1'
   s.files            = Dir[
     'README.md',
     'LICENSE',
diff --git a/ruby/lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb b/ruby/lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb
index 1c09450b..7476a47f 100644
--- a/ruby/lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb
+++ b/ruby/lib/cucumber/tag_expressions/parser.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 module Cucumber
   module TagExpressions
-    # Ruby tag expression parser
     class Parser
       def initialize
         @expressions = []
@@ -33,6 +32,7 @@ def parse(infix_expression)
 
         while @operators.any?
           raise %Q{Tag expression "#{infix_expression}" could not be parsed because of syntax error: Unmatched (.} if @operators.last == '('
+
           push_expression(pop(@operators))
         end
         expression = pop(@expressions)
@@ -41,9 +41,6 @@ def parse(infix_expression)
 
       private
 
-      ############################################################################
-      # Helpers
-      #
       def assoc_of(token, value)
         @operator_types[token][:assoc] == value
       end
@@ -109,9 +106,6 @@ def push_expression(token)
         end
       end
 
-      ############################################################################
-      # Handlers
-      #
       def handle_unary_operator(infix_expression, token, expected_token_type)
         check(infix_expression, expected_token_type, :operand)
         @operators.push(token)
@@ -140,6 +134,7 @@ def handle_close_paren(infix_expression, _token, expected_token_type)
           push_expression(pop(@operators))
         end
         raise %Q{Tag expression "#{infix_expression}" could not be parsed because of syntax error: Unmatched ).} if @operators.empty?
+
         pop(@operators) if @operators.last == '('
         :operator
       end
@@ -159,6 +154,7 @@ def check(infix_expression, expected_token_type, token_type)
       def pop(array, n = 1)
         result = array.pop(n)
         raise('Empty stack') if result.size != n
+
         n == 1 ? result.first : result
       end
     end
diff --git a/ruby/scripts/update-gemspec b/ruby/scripts/update-gemspec
deleted file mode 100755
index d45401fd..00000000
--- a/ruby/scripts/update-gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-#
-# Updates the *.gemspec in the current directory to use the latest releases of gems
-#
-set -uf -o pipefail
-IFS=$'\n'
-
-gemspec=$(find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name "*.gemspec")
-if [ "${gemspec}" = "" ]; then
-  exit 0
-fi
-add_dependency_lines=$(cat ${gemspec} | grep "s.add_[a-z_]*dependency '[^']*'")
-if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
-  # No add_dependency_lines found - nothing to do
-  exit 0
-fi
-
-set -e
-
-gems=$(echo "${add_dependency_lines}" | tr -s ' ' | cut -d ' ' -f3 | cut -d"'" -f 2)
-while read -r gem; do
-  echo "upgrading ${gem}"
-  if [ "${gem}" = "bundler" ]; then
-    cat "${gemspec}" | sed "s/\(s.add_[a-z_]*dependency\) '${gem}'.*/\1 '${gem}', '>= 1.16.2'/" > ${gemspec}.tmp
-  else
-    gem_line=$(gem list "${gem}" --remote --all --no-prerelease | grep "^${gem}\s")
-    latest_patch_version=$(echo "${gem_line}" | cut -d'(' -f2 | cut -d')' -f1 | cut -d',' -f1 | cut -d' ' -f1)
-    latest_minor_version=$(echo "${latest_patch_version}" | cut -d. -f1,2)
-    cat "${gemspec}" | sed "s/\(s.add_[a-z_]*dependency\) '${gem}'.*/\1 '${gem}', '~> ${latest_minor_version}', '>= ${latest_patch_version}'/" > ${gemspec}.tmp
-  fi
-  mv ${gemspec}.tmp ${gemspec}
-done <<< "${gems}"
diff --git a/ruby/spec/errors_spec.rb b/ruby/spec/errors_spec.rb
index 3af908d3..1e5a6deb 100644
--- a/ruby/spec/errors_spec.rb
+++ b/ruby/spec/errors_spec.rb
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@
 
 describe 'Errors' do
   tests.each do |test|
+    let(:parser) { Cucumber::TagExpressions::Parser.new }
+
     it %Q{fails to parse "#{test['expression']}" with "#{test['error']}"} do
-      parser = Cucumber::TagExpressions::Parser.new
       expect { parser.parse(test['expression']) }.to raise_error(test['error'])
     end
   end
diff --git a/ruby/spec/evaluations_spec.rb b/ruby/spec/evaluations_spec.rb
index a7f8a46f..0d0f6384 100644
--- a/ruby/spec/evaluations_spec.rb
+++ b/ruby/spec/evaluations_spec.rb
@@ -6,9 +6,10 @@
 describe 'Evaluations' do
   evaluations.each do |evaluation|
     context evaluation['expression'] do
+      let(:parser) { Cucumber::TagExpressions::Parser.new }
+
       evaluation['tests'].each do |test|
         it "evaluates [#{test['variables'].join(', ')}] to #{test['result']}" do
-          parser = Cucumber::TagExpressions::Parser.new
           expect(parser.parse(evaluation['expression']).evaluate(test['variables'])).to eq(test['result'])
         end
       end
diff --git a/ruby/spec/parsing_spec.rb b/ruby/spec/parsing_spec.rb
index 57329658..7b80bea7 100644
--- a/ruby/spec/parsing_spec.rb
+++ b/ruby/spec/parsing_spec.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
 tests = YAML.load_file('../testdata/parsing.yml')
 
 describe 'Parsing' do
+  let(:parser) { Cucumber::TagExpressions::Parser.new }
+
   tests.each do |test|
     it %Q{parses "#{test['expression']}" into "#{test['formatted']}"} do
-      parser = Cucumber::TagExpressions::Parser.new
-      expression = parser.parse(test['expression'])
-      expect(expression.to_s).to eq(test['formatted'])
+      expect(parser.parse(test['expression']).to_s).to eq(test['formatted'])
     end
   end
 end