HACKING

* HACKING

  Here are some guidelines for hacking on the 'mu' source code. 

  This is a fairly long list -- this is not meant to discourage anyone
  from working on mu; I think most of the rules are common sense
  anyway, and some of the more stylistic-aesthetic rules are clearly
  visible in current source code, so as long as any new code 'fits
  in', it should go a long way in satisfying them.

  I should add some notes for the Lisp/Scheme code as well...

** Coding style

   For consistency and, more important, to keep things understandable,
   mu attempts to follow the following rules:

   1. Basic code layout is like in the Linux kernel coding style. Keep
      the '{' on the same line as the statement, except for
      functions. Tabs for indentation, space for aligment; use 8-char
      tabs.

   2. Lines should not exceed 80 characters (C) or 100 characters
      (C++)

   3. Functions should not exceed 35 lines (with few exceptions). You
      can easily check if any functions violate this rule with 'make
      line35', which lists all functions with more than 35 non-comment
      lines.

   4. Source files should not exceed 1000 lines

   5. A function's cyclomatic complexity should not exceed 10 (there
      could be rare exceptions, see the toplevel Makefile.am). You can
      test the cyclomatic complexity with the pmccabe tool; if you
      installed that, you can use 'make cc10' to list all functions
      that violate this rule; there should be none.

   6. Filenames have their components separated with dashes (e.g, 'mu-log.h'),
      and start with 'mu-' where appropriate.

   7. Global functions have the prefix based on their module, e.g., mu-foo.h
      declares a function of 'mu_foo_bar (int a);', mu-foo.c implements this.

   8. Non-global functions *don't* have the module prefix, and are declared
      static.

   9. Functions have their return type on a separate line before the
      function name, so:

      int
      foo (const char *bar)
      {
	....
      }

      There is no non-aesthetic reason for this.

   10. In C code, variable-declarations are at the beginning of a
       block; in principle, C++ follows that same guideline, unless
       for heavy yet uncertain initializations following RAII.
       
       In C code, the declaration does *not* initialize the
       variable. This will give the compiler a chance to warn us if
       the variable is not initialized in a certain code path.

   11. Returned strings of type char* must be freed by the caller; if
       they are not to be freed, 'const char*' should be used instead

   12. Functions calls have a space between function name and
       arguments, unless there are none, so:

	foo (12, 3);

       and

	bar();

       after a comma, a space should follow.

   13. Functions that do not take arguments are explicitly declared as
       f(void) and not f(). Reason: f() means that the arguments are
       /unspecified/ (in C)
       
   14. C-code should use /* comments */, not // commments


** Logging

   For logging, mu uses the GLib logging functions/macros as listed
   below, except when logging may not have been initialized.

   The logging system redirects most logging to the log file
   (typically, ~/.mu/mu.log). g_warning, g_message and g_critical are
   shown to the user, except when running with --quiet, in which case
   g_message is *not* shown.

   - g_message is for non-error messages the user will see (unless
     running with --quiet)
   - g_warning is for problems the user may be able to do something
     about (and they are written on stderr)
   - g_critical is for mu bugs, serious, internal problems
     (g_return_if_fail and friends use this). (and they are written on
     stderr)
   - don't use g_error

   If you just want to log something in the log file without writing
   to screen, use MU_LOG_WRITE, as defined in mu-util.h

** Compiling from git

   For hacking, you're strongly advised to use the latest git
   version. Compilation from git should be straightforward, if you
   have the right tools installed.

*** dependencies

    You need to install a few dependencies; e.g. on Debian/Ubuntu:

    sudo apt-get install                 \
        automake                         \
        autoconf-archive                 \
        autotools-dev                    \
        libglib2.0-dev                   \
	libxapian-dev			 \
	libgmime-2.6-dev                 \
        m4                               \
        make                             \
        libtool                          \
        pkg-config

   Then, to compile straight from git:

   $ git clone https://github.com/djcb/mu
   $ cd mu
   $ ./autogen.sh
   $ make

   You only need to run ./autogen.sh the first time and after changes
   in the build system; otherwise you can use ./configure.

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