Add retry factory to consolidate retry strategies across dbt-bigquery #22054

Job	Run time
build packages	14s
unit test / python 3.9	1m 10s
code-quality	1m 10s
unit test / python 3.10	1m 14s
unit test / python 3.11	1m 11s
unit test / python 3.12	1m 15s
verify packages / python 3.9 / ubuntu-latest / whl	33s
verify packages / python 3.9 / ubuntu-latest / gz	31s
verify packages / python 3.10 / ubuntu-latest / whl	32s
verify packages / python 3.10 / ubuntu-latest / gz	32s
verify packages / python 3.11 / ubuntu-latest / whl	32s
verify packages / python 3.11 / ubuntu-latest / gz	32s
verify packages / python 3.12 / ubuntu-latest / whl	39s
verify packages / python 3.12 / ubuntu-latest / gz	41s
verify packages / python 3.9 / macos-14 / whl	29s
verify packages / python 3.9 / macos-14 / gz	37s
verify packages / python 3.10 / macos-14 / whl	28s
verify packages / python 3.10 / macos-14 / gz	34s
verify packages / python 3.11 / macos-14 / whl	28s
verify packages / python 3.11 / macos-14 / gz	30s
verify packages / python 3.12 / macos-14 / whl	33s
verify packages / python 3.12 / macos-14 / gz	33s
verify packages / python 3.9 / windows-latest / whl	1m 50s
verify packages / python 3.9 / windows-latest / gz	1m 46s
verify packages / python 3.10 / windows-latest / whl	1m 18s
verify packages / python 3.10 / windows-latest / gz	1m 44s
verify packages / python 3.11 / windows-latest / whl	1m 49s
verify packages / python 3.11 / windows-latest / gz	1m 54s
verify packages / python 3.12 / windows-latest / whl	1m 58s
verify packages / python 3.12 / windows-latest / gz	2m 13s
	29m 30s

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