diff --git a/include/loki/pddl/exceptions.hpp b/include/loki/pddl/exceptions.hpp
index a57f1fc1..122d2666 100644
--- a/include/loki/pddl/exceptions.hpp
+++ b/include/loki/pddl/exceptions.hpp
@@ -157,10 +157,16 @@ class MismatchedFunctionSkeletonTermListError : public SemanticParserError
                                             const std::string& error_handler_output);
 };
 
-class DerivedPredicateInEffectError : public SemanticParserError
+class UnexpectedDerivedPredicateInEffect : public SemanticParserError
 {
 public:
-    DerivedPredicateInEffectError(const std::string& name, const std::string& error_handler_output);
+    UnexpectedDerivedPredicateInEffect(const std::string& name, const std::string& error_handler_output);
+};
+
+class ExpectedDerivedPredicate : public SemanticParserError
+{
+public:
+    ExpectedDerivedPredicate(const std::string& name, const std::string& error_handler_output);
 };
 
 /* Object */
diff --git a/src/pddl/exceptions.cpp b/src/pddl/exceptions.cpp
index 2bac787d..de8e73d5 100644
--- a/src/pddl/exceptions.cpp
+++ b/src/pddl/exceptions.cpp
@@ -145,11 +145,16 @@ MismatchedFunctionSkeletonTermListError::MismatchedFunctionSkeletonTermListError
 {
 }
 
-DerivedPredicateInEffectError::DerivedPredicateInEffectError(const std::string& name, const std::string& error_handler_output) :
+UnexpectedDerivedPredicateInEffect::UnexpectedDerivedPredicateInEffect(const std::string& name, const std::string& error_handler_output) :
     SemanticParserError("The derived predicate with name \"" + name + "\" is not allowed in an effect.", error_handler_output)
 {
 }
 
+ExpectedDerivedPredicate::ExpectedDerivedPredicate(const std::string& name, const std::string& error_handler_output) :
+    SemanticParserError("The predicate with name \"" + name + "\" is not a derived predicate.", error_handler_output)
+{
+}
+
 /**
  * Problem
  */
diff --git a/src/pddl/parser/effects.cpp b/src/pddl/parser/effects.cpp
index 63607252..d32e1a93 100644
--- a/src/pddl/parser/effects.cpp
+++ b/src/pddl/parser/effects.cpp
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pddl::Effect parse(const ast::EffectProductionLiteral& node, Context& context)
 
     if (context.derived_predicates.count(literal->get_atom()->get_predicate()))
     {
-        throw DerivedPredicateInEffectError(literal->get_atom()->get_predicate()->get_name(), context.scopes.get_error_handler()(node, ""));
+        throw UnexpectedDerivedPredicateInEffect(literal->get_atom()->get_predicate()->get_name(), context.scopes.get_error_handler()(node, ""));
     }
 
     context.positions.push_back(effect, node);
diff --git a/src/pddl/parser/structure.cpp b/src/pddl/parser/structure.cpp
index e0e3ba93..5973b69c 100644
--- a/src/pddl/parser/structure.cpp
+++ b/src/pddl/parser/structure.cpp
@@ -69,6 +69,10 @@ pddl::Axiom parse(const ast::Axiom& node, Context& context)
     context.references.untrack(pddl::RequirementEnum::DERIVED_PREDICATES);
 
     const auto literal = parse(node.literal, context);
+    if (context.derived_predicates.count(literal->get_atom()->get_predicate()) == 0)
+    {
+        throw ExpectedDerivedPredicate(literal->get_atom()->get_predicate()->get_name(), context.scopes.get_error_handler()(node, ""));
+    }
     const auto condition = parse(node.goal_descriptor, context);
 
     const auto axiom = context.factories.axioms.get_or_create<pddl::AxiomImpl>(literal, condition);