Python Day 1.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Features of Python\n",
    "* Dynamically Typed Programming Language\n",
    "* Automatic Memory management\n",
    "* Object Oriented Programming\n",
    "* Functional Programming\n",
    "* Make use in web development"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello World\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print ('Hello World')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 'Hello World'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "str"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 10\n",
    "b = 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2002547808"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "id(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2002547808"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "id(b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 260\n",
    "b = 260"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2163617649232"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "id(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2163617649360"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "id(b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#This will check if a & b, both points to same address\n",
    "a is b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Help on class int in module builtins:\n",
      "\n",
      "class int(object)\n",
      " |  int(x=0) -> integer\n",
      " |  int(x, base=10) -> integer\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments\n",
      " |  are given.  If x is a number, return x.__int__().  For floating point\n",
      " |  numbers, this truncates towards zero.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string,\n",
      " |  bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the\n",
      " |  given base.  The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded\n",
      " |  by whitespace.  The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.\n",
      " |  Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.\n",
      " |  >>> int('0b100', base=0)\n",
      " |  4\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  Methods defined here:\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __abs__(self, /)\n",
      " |      abs(self)\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __add__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self+value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __and__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self&value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __bool__(self, /)\n",
      " |      self != 0\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __ceil__(...)\n",
      " |      Ceiling of an Integral returns itself.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __divmod__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return divmod(self, value).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __eq__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self==value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __float__(self, /)\n",
      " |      float(self)\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __floor__(...)\n",
      " |      Flooring an Integral returns itself.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __floordiv__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self//value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __format__(...)\n",
      " |      default object formatter\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __ge__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self>=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)\n",
      " |      Return getattr(self, name).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __getnewargs__(...)\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __gt__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self>value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __hash__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return hash(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __index__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return self converted to an integer, if self is suitable for use as an index into a list.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __int__(self, /)\n",
      " |      int(self)\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __invert__(self, /)\n",
      " |      ~self\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __le__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self<=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __lshift__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self<<value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __lt__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self<value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __mod__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self%value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __mul__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self*value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __ne__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self!=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __neg__(self, /)\n",
      " |      -self\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type\n",
      " |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __or__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self|value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __pos__(self, /)\n",
      " |      +self\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __pow__(self, value, mod=None, /)\n",
      " |      Return pow(self, value, mod).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __radd__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value+self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rand__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value&self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rdivmod__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return divmod(value, self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __repr__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return repr(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rfloordiv__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value//self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rlshift__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value<<self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rmod__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value%self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rmul__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value*self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __ror__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value|self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __round__(...)\n",
      " |      Rounding an Integral returns itself.\n",
      " |      Rounding with an ndigits argument also returns an integer.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rpow__(self, value, mod=None, /)\n",
      " |      Return pow(value, self, mod).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rrshift__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value>>self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rshift__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self>>value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rsub__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value-self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rtruediv__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value/self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rxor__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value^self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __sizeof__(...)\n",
      " |      Returns size in memory, in bytes\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __str__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return str(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __sub__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self-value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __truediv__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self/value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __trunc__(...)\n",
      " |      Truncating an Integral returns itself.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __xor__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self^value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  bit_length(...)\n",
      " |      int.bit_length() -> int\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.\n",
      " |      >>> bin(37)\n",
      " |      '0b100101'\n",
      " |      >>> (37).bit_length()\n",
      " |      6\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  conjugate(...)\n",
      " |      Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  from_bytes(...) from builtins.type\n",
      " |      int.from_bytes(bytes, byteorder, *, signed=False) -> int\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return the integer represented by the given array of bytes.\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      The bytes argument must be a bytes-like object (e.g. bytes or bytearray).\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      The byteorder argument determines the byte order used to represent the\n",
      " |      integer.  If byteorder is 'big', the most significant byte is at the\n",
      " |      beginning of the byte array.  If byteorder is 'little', the most\n",
      " |      significant byte is at the end of the byte array.  To request the native\n",
      " |      byte order of the host system, use `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value.\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      The signed keyword-only argument indicates whether two's complement is\n",
      " |      used to represent the integer.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  to_bytes(...)\n",
      " |      int.to_bytes(length, byteorder, *, signed=False) -> bytes\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return an array of bytes representing an integer.\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      The integer is represented using length bytes.  An OverflowError is\n",
      " |      raised if the integer is not representable with the given number of\n",
      " |      bytes.\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      The byteorder argument determines the byte order used to represent the\n",
      " |      integer.  If byteorder is 'big', the most significant byte is at the\n",
      " |      beginning of the byte array.  If byteorder is 'little', the most\n",
      " |      significant byte is at the end of the byte array.  To request the native\n",
      " |      byte order of the host system, use `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value.\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      The signed keyword-only argument determines whether two's complement is\n",
      " |      used to represent the integer.  If signed is False and a negative integer\n",
      " |      is given, an OverflowError is raised.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      " |  Data descriptors defined here:\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  denominator\n",
      " |      the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  imag\n",
      " |      the imaginary part of a complex number\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  numerator\n",
      " |      the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  real\n",
      " |      the real part of a complex number\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "help(int)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "260"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.numerator"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "260"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.denominator"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Numbers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "4"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "2 + 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 128378912379812379812738912739817398173897123891739817239817238912731237192379\n",
    "b = 823712893718923719237918731892739812739817239817239817239872189379817398127398127381237"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "105747365408863415332579572718978445685311689191572646465050059453750542215927917192042780887462431662396413405530328311936776576825331196210897993916741947643992823"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a * b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 10\n",
    "b = 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a ** b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3.3333333333333335"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a / b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a % b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Strings\n",
    "* Immutable"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hello worls'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'hello worls'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hello world'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"hello world\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"hello's world\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'hello\\'s world'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"hello's world\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"hello's world\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'Hello world'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello world\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print (s)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "C:\\some\n",
      "ame\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print ('C:\\some\\name')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "C:\\some\\name\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print (r'C:\\some\\name')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\n",
      "This is \n",
      "a nice day to            giood \n",
      "not study\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"\"\"\n",
    "This is \n",
    "a nice day to            giood \n",
    "not study\n",
    "\"\"\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hello worldHello worldHello world'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 38,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s * 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hello world Hello world'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s + ' ' + s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'d'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hello world'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 45,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'l'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[-2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'lo world'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 47,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[3:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'lo '"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[3:6]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hell'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 49,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[:4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hello world'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 50,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Held'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 51,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[:2] + s[-2:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'dlrow olleH'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 53,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[::-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'drwolH'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 54,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s[::-2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "### String Member Functions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'this is a nice programming language'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Conerts forst character to upper case\n",
    "s = s.capitalize()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'this is a nice programming language'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 62,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Changes everything to lower case\n",
    "s.casefold()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 'Hello wOrld'\n",
    "b = 'hello World'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.casefold() == b.casefold()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'                                  Hello wOrld                                   '"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 67,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.center(80)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 69,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.casefold().count('o')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Help on class str in module builtins:\n",
      "\n",
      "class str(object)\n",
      " |  str(object='') -> str\n",
      " |  str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or\n",
      " |  errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer\n",
      " |  that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler.\n",
      " |  Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined)\n",
      " |  or repr(object).\n",
      " |  encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().\n",
      " |  errors defaults to 'strict'.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  Methods defined here:\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __add__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self+value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __contains__(self, key, /)\n",
      " |      Return key in self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __eq__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self==value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __format__(...)\n",
      " |      S.__format__(format_spec) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __ge__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self>=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)\n",
      " |      Return getattr(self, name).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __getitem__(self, key, /)\n",
      " |      Return self[key].\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __getnewargs__(...)\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __gt__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self>value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __hash__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return hash(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __iter__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Implement iter(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __le__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self<=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __len__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return len(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __lt__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self<value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __mod__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self%value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __mul__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self*value.n\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __ne__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self!=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type\n",
      " |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __repr__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return repr(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rmod__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return value%self.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __rmul__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self*value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __sizeof__(...)\n",
      " |      S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __str__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return str(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  capitalize(...)\n",
      " |      S.capitalize() -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a capitalized version of S, i.e. make the first character\n",
      " |      have upper case and the rest lower case.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  casefold(...)\n",
      " |      S.casefold() -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a version of S suitable for caseless comparisons.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  center(...)\n",
      " |      S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is\n",
      " |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space)\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  count(...)\n",
      " |      S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in\n",
      " |      string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are\n",
      " |      interpreted as in slice notation.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  encode(...)\n",
      " |      S.encode(encoding='utf-8', errors='strict') -> bytes\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Encode S using the codec registered for encoding. Default encoding\n",
      " |      is 'utf-8'. errors may be given to set a different error\n",
      " |      handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise\n",
      " |      a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and\n",
      " |      'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with\n",
      " |      codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  endswith(...)\n",
      " |      S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.\n",
      " |      With optional start, test S beginning at that position.\n",
      " |      With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.\n",
      " |      suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  expandtabs(...)\n",
      " |      S.expandtabs(tabsize=8) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.\n",
      " |      If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  find(...)\n",
      " |      S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,\n",
      " |      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional\n",
      " |      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return -1 on failure.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  format(...)\n",
      " |      S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.\n",
      " |      The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  format_map(...)\n",
      " |      S.format_map(mapping) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping.\n",
      " |      The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  index(...)\n",
      " |      S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isalnum(...)\n",
      " |      S.isalnum() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric\n",
      " |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isalpha(...)\n",
      " |      S.isalpha() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic\n",
      " |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isdecimal(...)\n",
      " |      S.isdecimal() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if there are only decimal characters in S,\n",
      " |      False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isdigit(...)\n",
      " |      S.isdigit() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if all characters in S are digits\n",
      " |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isidentifier(...)\n",
      " |      S.isidentifier() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if S is a valid identifier according\n",
      " |      to the language definition.\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Use keyword.iskeyword() to test for reserved identifiers\n",
      " |      such as \"def\" and \"class\".\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  islower(...)\n",
      " |      S.islower() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is\n",
      " |      at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isnumeric(...)\n",
      " |      S.isnumeric() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if there are only numeric characters in S,\n",
      " |      False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isprintable(...)\n",
      " |      S.isprintable() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if all characters in S are considered\n",
      " |      printable in repr() or S is empty, False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isspace(...)\n",
      " |      S.isspace() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if all characters in S are whitespace\n",
      " |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  istitle(...)\n",
      " |      S.istitle() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one\n",
      " |      character in S, i.e. upper- and titlecase characters may only\n",
      " |      follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones.\n",
      " |      Return False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  isupper(...)\n",
      " |      S.isupper() -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is\n",
      " |      at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  join(...)\n",
      " |      S.join(iterable) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the\n",
      " |      iterable.  The separator between elements is S.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  ljust(...)\n",
      " |      S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return S left-justified in a Unicode string of length width. Padding is\n",
      " |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  lower(...)\n",
      " |      S.lower() -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  lstrip(...)\n",
      " |      S.lstrip([chars]) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.\n",
      " |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  partition(...)\n",
      " |      S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,\n",
      " |      the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not\n",
      " |      found, return S and two empty strings.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  replace(...)\n",
      " |      S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of S with all occurrences of substring\n",
      " |      old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is\n",
      " |      given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  rfind(...)\n",
      " |      S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,\n",
      " |      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional\n",
      " |      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return -1 on failure.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  rindex(...)\n",
      " |      S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  rjust(...)\n",
      " |      S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is\n",
      " |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  rpartition(...)\n",
      " |      S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return\n",
      " |      the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the\n",
      " |      separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  rsplit(...)\n",
      " |      S.rsplit(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the\n",
      " |      delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and\n",
      " |      working to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit\n",
      " |      splits are done. If sep is not specified, any whitespace string\n",
      " |      is a separator.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  rstrip(...)\n",
      " |      S.rstrip([chars]) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.\n",
      " |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  split(...)\n",
      " |      S.split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the\n",
      " |      delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit\n",
      " |      splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any\n",
      " |      whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are\n",
      " |      removed from the result.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  splitlines(...)\n",
      " |      S.splitlines([keepends]) -> list of strings\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.\n",
      " |      Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends\n",
      " |      is given and true.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  startswith(...)\n",
      " |      S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.\n",
      " |      With optional start, test S beginning at that position.\n",
      " |      With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.\n",
      " |      prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  strip(...)\n",
      " |      S.strip([chars]) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing\n",
      " |      whitespace removed.\n",
      " |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  swapcase(...)\n",
      " |      S.swapcase() -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of S with uppercase characters converted to lowercase\n",
      " |      and vice versa.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  title(...)\n",
      " |      S.title() -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with title case\n",
      " |      characters, all remaining cased characters have lower case.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  translate(...)\n",
      " |      S.translate(table) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of the string S in which each character has been mapped\n",
      " |      through the given translation table. The table must implement\n",
      " |      lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a dictionary or list,\n",
      " |      mapping Unicode ordinals to Unicode ordinals, strings, or None. If\n",
      " |      this operation raises LookupError, the character is left untouched.\n",
      " |      Characters mapped to None are deleted.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  upper(...)\n",
      " |      S.upper() -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Return a copy of S converted to uppercase.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  zfill(...)\n",
      " |      S.zfill(width) -> str\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field\n",
      " |      of the specified width. The string S is never truncated.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      " |  Static methods defined here:\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  maketrans(x, y=None, z=None, /)\n",
      " |      Return a translation table usable for str.translate().\n",
      " |      \n",
      " |      If there is only one argument, it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode\n",
      " |      ordinals (integers) or characters to Unicode ordinals, strings or None.\n",
      " |      Character keys will be then converted to ordinals.\n",
      " |      If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length, and\n",
      " |      in the resulting dictionary, each character in x will be mapped to the\n",
      " |      character at the same position in y. If there is a third argument, it\n",
      " |      must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to None in the result.\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "help(str)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 75,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.endswith('d')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 78,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.startswith('Hh')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'heloo \\t'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'heloo                                                                                               '"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 81,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.expandtabs(100)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 87,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 87,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.find('o')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 86,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'heloo \\t'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 86,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 90,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "4"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 90,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.find('o',4,6)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 91,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'Congrats {name}, for your hike of {percent}'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 92,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Congrats Yash, for your hike of 19'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 92,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.format(name='Yash', percent=19)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 93,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Congrats Rashmi, for your hike of 49'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 93,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.format(name='Rashmi', percent=49)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 97,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Good\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "try:\n",
    "    s.index('forn')\n",
    "except:\n",
    "    print ('Good')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 98,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 98,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s = 'hello123'\n",
    "s.isalnum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 99,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 99,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.isalpha()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 100,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 100,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.isdigit()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 101,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = '12345'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 102,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 102,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.isdigit()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 103,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'HELLO WORLD'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 103,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s = 'hello world'\n",
    "s.upper()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 104,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = ' hello world '"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 105,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hello world'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 105,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.strip()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 106,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = ' sdsdsd sdasdas  dsfdsf \\t'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 107,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'sdsdsd sdasdas  dsfdsf'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 107,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.strip()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 108,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'sdsdsd sdasdas  dsfdsf \\t'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 108,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.lstrip()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 110,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['sdsdsd', 'sdasdas', 'dsfdsf']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 110,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 111,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "' sdsdsd sdasdas  dsfdsf \\t'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 111,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 112,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 'hellobadboy'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 113,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['hell', 'badb', 'y']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 113,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.split('o')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 114,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 'hello*good*boy'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 115,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['hello', 'good', 'boy']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 115,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.split('*')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 116,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'a'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 116,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'a'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 117,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hello*good*boy'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 117,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 127,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = a.replace('lo','oppo')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 128,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'heloppo good boy'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 128,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 122,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'hello world here i come'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 124,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l = s.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 125,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hello*world*here*i*come'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 125,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'*'.join(l)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 126,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['hello', 'world', 'here', 'i', 'come']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 126,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 129,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "ImportError",
     "evalue": "cannot import name 'maketrans'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mImportError\u001b[0m                               Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-129-40559d325a03>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 1\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;32mfrom\u001b[0m \u001b[0mstring\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mimport\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmaketrans\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mImportError\u001b[0m: cannot import name 'maketrans'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 'hello world' -< hellz wxyld"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 133,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hellx wxyld heye i cxme'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 133,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.replace('o','x').replace('r','y')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 136,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tab = str.maketrans('or','xy')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 137,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'helxppx gxxd bxy'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 137,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.translate(tab)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 138,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "## Conditional Statements"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 139,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 10\n",
    "if a < 20:\n",
    "    print (a)\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print ('Not small')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 142,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Less\n",
      "Here it goes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "if a < 20:\n",
    "    print ('Less')\n",
    "    print ('Here it goes')\n",
    "elif a > 20:\n",
    "    print ('More')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print ('Error')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 'good Lord'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 144,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "o is here\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "if a.count('o') > 0:\n",
    "    print ('o is here')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print ('o is not here')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 149,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "good Lord\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "if 'o' in a:\n",
    "    print (a)\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print (a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Replace all vowels by numbers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 146,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'here is all that i need to learn'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 147,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "trans = str.maketrans('aeiou','12345')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 148,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'h2r2 3s 1ll th1t 3 n22d t4 l21rn'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 148,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s.translate(trans)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 150,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 150,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'a' in 'skjdhakjhdkjahdkjah'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 151,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 151,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'1' in '12312323434'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 152,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'this is a nice piece of code to learn python to a great extent'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 153,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "st = s.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 165,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['this',\n",
       " 'is',\n",
       " 'a',\n",
       " 'nice',\n",
       " 'piece',\n",
       " 'of',\n",
       " 'code',\n",
       " 'to',\n",
       " 'learn',\n",
       " 'python',\n",
       " 'to',\n",
       " 'a',\n",
       " 'great',\n",
       " 'extent']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 165,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "st"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 155,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "this\n",
      "is\n",
      "a\n",
      "nice\n",
      "piece\n",
      "of\n",
      "code\n",
      "to\n",
      "learn\n",
      "python\n",
      "to\n",
      "a\n",
      "great\n",
      "extent\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for word in st:\n",
    "    print (word)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 158,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "h\n",
      "e\n",
      "l\n",
      "l\n",
      "o\n",
      " \n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      " \n",
      "w\n",
      "o\n",
      "r\n",
      "l\n",
      "d\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for ch in 'hello 345345345 world':\n",
    "    print (ch)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 163,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "4\n",
      "3\n",
      "9\n",
      "4\n",
      "16\n",
      "5\n",
      "25\n",
      "6\n",
      "36\n",
      "7\n",
      "49\n",
      "8\n",
      "64\n",
      "9\n",
      "81\n",
      "10\n",
      "100\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]:\n",
    "    print (i)\n",
    "    print (i*i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 166,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "piece\n",
      "python\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for w in s.split():\n",
    "    if 'p' in w:\n",
    "        print (w)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 168,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 168,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(range(1,10))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### List\n",
    "* Dynamically grows/shrink in size\n",
    "* Hetrogenous in nature\n",
    "* Mutable/"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 170,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l = []\n",
    "l = list()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 171,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l = [1,2,3,4,5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 172,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 172,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(l)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 174,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "62"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 174,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(s)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 175,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l.append('hello')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 176,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'hello']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 176,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 177,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'hello']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 177,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 178,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "m = l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 179,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l[0] = 9999"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 180,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[9999, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'hello']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 180,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 181,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[9999, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'hello']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 181,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "m"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 182,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "n = l.copy()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 183,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[9999, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'hello']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 183,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 184,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l[0] = 888"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 185,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[9999, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'hello']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 185,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 186,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 186,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l.count(4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 187,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l1 = [1,4,5,8,9]\n",
    "l2 = [33,44,55,66,77,88]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 188,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l1.extend(l2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 189,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 189,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 190,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 190,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1 + l2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 191,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 191,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 192,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "88"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 192,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 193,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l1.append(l2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 196,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "88"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 196,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1[-1][-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 197,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 197,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1.index(1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 198,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, [33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 198,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 199,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l1.insert(1,'rrr')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 200,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 'rrr', 4, 5, 8, 9, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, [33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 200,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 201,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 201,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Removes the contents of list by index\n",
    "l1.pop(0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 202,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['rrr', 4, 5, 8, 9, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, [33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 202,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 203,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l1.remove(33)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 204,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['rrr', 4, 5, 8, 9, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, [33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 204,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 205,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l1.reverse()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 206,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[[33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88], 88, 77, 66, 55, 44, 9, 8, 5, 4, 'rrr']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 206,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 207,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l1 = [44,2,11,55]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 208,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l1.sort()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 209,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[2, 11, 44, 55]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 209,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Problems on string list & control"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 210,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Reverse a text\n",
    "s = 'this is a nice world'\n",
    "output = 'world nice a is this'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 211,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l = s.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 212,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['this', 'is', 'a', 'nice', 'world']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 212,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 213,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l.reverse()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 214,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['world', 'nice', 'a', 'is', 'this']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 214,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 215,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'world nice a is this'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 215,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "' '.join(l)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 222,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "### Given a text, return a text containing 'a','i'\n",
    "s = 'hello how are you all dear progrimmers'\n",
    "output = 'are all dear progrimmers'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 223,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l = s.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 224,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['hello', 'how', 'are', 'you', 'all', 'dear', 'progrimmers']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 224,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 227,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "are all dear progrimmers\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "temp_list = []\n",
    "for word in l:\n",
    "    if'a' in word or 'i' in word:\n",
    "        temp_list.append(word)\n",
    "        \n",
    "print (' '.join(temp_list))\n",
    "        "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 228,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Find all the words which do not contain a or i\n",
    "s = 'hello how are you all dear progrimmers'\n",
    "output = 'hello how you'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 229,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello how you\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "temp_list = []\n",
    "for word in l:\n",
    "    if not ('a' in word or 'i' in word):\n",
    "        temp_list.append(word)\n",
    "        \n",
    "print (' '.join(temp_list))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 230,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "35\n",
      "70\n",
      "105\n",
      "140\n",
      "175\n",
      "210\n",
      "245\n",
      "280\n",
      "315\n",
      "350\n",
      "385\n",
      "420\n",
      "455\n",
      "490\n",
      "525\n",
      "560\n",
      "595\n",
      "630\n",
      "665\n",
      "700\n",
      "735\n",
      "770\n",
      "805\n",
      "840\n",
      "875\n",
      "910\n",
      "945\n",
      "980\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "###Print all the numbers multiple of 5 & 7\n",
    "for i in range(1,1000):\n",
    "    if (i%5 == 0) and (i%7 == 0):\n",
    "        print (i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 231,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31, 36, 41, 46, 51, 56, 61, 66, 71, 76, 81, 86, 91, 96]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 231,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(range(1,100,5))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 232,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "5\n",
      "10\n",
      "15\n",
      "20\n",
      "25\n",
      "30\n",
      "35\n",
      "40\n",
      "45\n",
      "50\n",
      "55\n",
      "60\n",
      "65\n",
      "70\n",
      "75\n",
      "80\n",
      "85\n",
      "90\n",
      "95\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in range(0,100,5):\n",
    "    print (i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.5.4"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 2
}