embulk-input-redshift

Redshift input plugin for Embulk

Redshift input plugin for Embulk loads records from Redshift.

Overview

• Plugin type: input
• Resume supported: yes

Configuration

• host: database host name (string, required)
• port: database port number (integer, 5439)
• user: database login user name (string, required)
• password: database login password (string, default: "")
• database: destination database name (string, required)
• schema: destination schema name (string, default: "public")
• where: WHERE condition to filter the rows (string, default: no-condition)
• fetch_rows: number of rows to fetch one time (used for java.sql.Statement#setFetchSize) (integer, default: 10000)
• connect_timeout: timeout for establishment of a database connection. (integer (seconds), default: 300)
• socket_timeout: timeout for socket read operations. 0 means no timeout. (integer (seconds), default: 1800)
• ssl: enables SSL. Data will be encrypted but CA or certification will not be verified (boolean, default: false)
• options: extra JDBC properties (hash, default: {})
• If you write SQL directly,
  • query: SQL to run (string)
  • use_raw_query_with_incremental: If true, you can write optimized query using prepared statement by yourself. See Use incremental loading with raw query for more detail (boolean, default: false)
• If query is not set,
  • table: destination table name (string, required)
  • select: expression of select (e.g. id, created_at) (string, default: "*")
  • where: WHERE condition to filter the rows (string, default: no-condition)
  • order_by: expression of ORDER BY to sort rows (e.g. created_at DESC, id ASC) (string, default: not sorted)
• incremental: if true, enables incremental loading. See next section for details (boolean, default: false)
• incremental_columns: column names for incremental loading (array of strings, default: use primary keys). Columns of integer types, string types, timestamp and timestamptz are supported.
• last_record: values of the last record for incremental loading (array of objects, default: load all records)
• default_timezone: If the sql type of a column is date/time/datetime and the embulk type is string, column values are formatted int this default_timezone. You can overwrite timezone for each columns using column_options option. (string, default: UTC)
• default_column_options: advanced: column_options for each JDBC type as default. key-value pairs where key is a JDBC type (e.g. 'DATE', 'BIGINT') and value is same as column_options's value.
• column_options: advanced: key-value pairs where key is a column name and value is options for the column.
  • value_type: embulk get values from database as this value_type. Typically, the value_type determines getXXX method of java.sql.PreparedStatement. (string, default: depends on the sql type of the column. Available values options are: long, double, float, decimal, boolean, string, json, date, time, timestamp)
  • type: Column values are converted to this embulk type. Available values options are: boolean, long, double, string, json, timestamp). By default, the embulk type is determined according to the sql type of the column (or value_type if specified).
  • timestamp_format: If the sql type of the column is date/time/datetime and the embulk type is string, column values are formatted by this timestamp_format. And if the embulk type is timestamp, this timestamp_format may be used in the output plugin. For example, stdout plugin use the timestamp_format, but csv formatter plugin doesn't use. (string, default : %Y-%m-%d for date, %H:%M:%S for time, %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S for timestamp)
  • timezone: If the sql type of the column is date/time/datetime and the embulk type is string, column values are formatted in this timezone. (string, value of default_timezone option is used by default)
• before_setup: if set, this SQL will be executed before setup. You can prepare table for input by this option.
• before_select: if set, this SQL will be executed before the SELECT query in the same transaction.
• after_select: if set, this SQL will be executed after the SELECT query in the same transaction.

Incremental loading

Incremental loading uses monotonically increasing unique columns (such as auto-increment (IDENTITY) column) to load records inserted (or updated) after last execution.

First, if incremental: true is set, this plugin loads all records with additional ORDER BY. For example, if incremental_columns: [updated_at, id] option is set, query will be as following:

SELECT * FROM (
  ...original query is here...
)
ORDER BY updated_at, id

When bulk data loading finishes successfully, it outputs last_record: paramater as config-diff so that next execution uses it.

At the next execution, when last_record: is also set, this plugin generates additional WHERE conditions to load records larger than the last record. For example, if last_record: ["2017-01-01T00:32:12.487659", 5291] is set,

SELECT * FROM (
  ...original query is here...
)
WHERE updated_at > '2017-01-01 00:32:12.487659' OR (updated_at = '2017-01-01 00:32:12.487659' AND id > 5291)
ORDER BY updated_at, id

Then, it updates last_record: so that next execution uses the updated last_record.

IMPORTANT: If you set incremental_columns: option, make sure that there is an index on the columns to avoid full table scan. For this example, following index should be created:

CREATE INDEX embulk_incremental_loading_index ON table (updated_at, id);

Recommended usage is to leave incremental_columns unset and let this plugin automatically finds an auto-increment (IDENTITY) primary key. Currently, only strings, integers, TIMESTAMP and TIMESTAMPTZ are supported as incremental_columns.

Use incremental loading with raw query

IMPORTANT: This is an advanced feature and assume you have an enough knowledge about incremental loading using Embulk and this plugin

Normally, you can't write your own query for incremental loading. use_raw_query_with_incremental option allow you to write raw query for incremental loading. It might be well optimized and faster than SQL statement which is automatically generated by plugin.

Prepared statement starts with : is available instead of fixed value. last_record value is necessary when you use this option. Please use prepared statement that is well distinguishable in SQL statement

• select * from ... statement causes java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException error.
• Using too simple prepared statement like :a might cause SQL parse failure.

In the following example, prepared statement :foo_id will be replaced with value "1" which is specified in last_record.

in:
  type: redshift
  query: |
    -- Specify the columns to be used in the incremental column at the beginning of the select clause
    SELECT
      foo.id as foo_id, bar.name
    FROM
      foo LEFT JOIN bar ON foo.id = bar.id
    WHERE
      foo.hoge IS NOT NULL
      AND foo.id > :foo_id
    ORDER BY
      foo.id ASC
  use_raw_query_with_incremental: true
  incremental_columns:
    - foo_id
  incremental: true
  last_record: [1]

Example

in:
  type: redshift
  host: localhost
  user: myuser
  password: ""
  database: my_database
  table: my_table
  select: "col1, col2, col3"
  where: "col4 != 'a'"
  order_by: "col1 DESC"

This configuration will generate following SQL:

SELECT col1, col2, col3
FROM "my_table"
WHERE col4 != 'a'
ORDER BY col1 DESC

If you need a complex SQL,

in:
  type: redshift
  host: localhost
  user: myuser
  password: ""
  database: my_database
  query: |
    SELECT t1.id, t1.name, t2.id AS t2_id, t2.name AS t2_name
    FROM table1 AS t1
    LEFT JOIN table2 AS t2
      ON t1.id = t2.t1_id

Advanced configuration:

in:
  type: redshift
  host: localhost
  user: myuser
  password: ""
  database: my_database
  table: "my_table"
  select: "col1, col2, col3"
  where: "col4 != 'a'"
  default_column_options:
    TIMESTAMP: { type: string, timestamp_format: "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S", timezone: "+0900"}
    BIGINT: { type: string }
  column_options:
    col1: {type: long}
    col3: {type: string, timestamp_format: "%Y/%m/%d", timezone: "+0900"}
  after_select: "update my_table set col5 = '1' where col4 != 'a'"

Build

$ ./gradlew gem

Running tests:

$ cp ci/travis.yml ci/redshift_tentative.yml  # edit this file if necessary
$ EMBULK_INPUT_REDSHIFT_TEST_CONFIG=`pwd`/ci/redshift_tentative.yml ./gradlew :embulk-input-redshift:check --info