From 3b90f0474cdb8a2f4593ab53f8a4b9389a4c43ab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Ashikhmin <34320705+yperbasis@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 9 Aug 2023 00:20:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] build, core: switch to std::bit_cast + bump min Clang to 14
 (#1378)

---
 .circleci/config.yml                          |  4 ++--
 .github/workflows/macOS.yml                   |  4 +++-
 README.md                                     |  3 ++-
 cmd/state-transition/state_transition.cpp     | 24 ++++++++++---------
 cmd/test/ethereum.cpp                         |  4 ++--
 silkworm/core/common/base_test.cpp            |  9 +++----
 silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp                 | 13 ----------
 silkworm/core/protocol/validation.cpp         |  5 ++--
 silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state.cpp     |  5 ++--
 .../core/state/intra_block_state_test.cpp     |  6 ++---
 silkworm/core/trie/hash_builder.cpp           |  3 +--
 silkworm/core/types/block.cpp                 |  5 ++--
 silkworm/core/types/transaction.cpp           |  5 ++--
 silkworm/node/db/access_layer.cpp             |  4 ++--
 silkworm/silkrpc/commands/rpc_api_test.cpp    |  9 ++++---
 silkworm/silkrpc/core/override_state.cpp      |  4 ++--
 .../silkrpc/storage/local_chain_storage.cpp   |  5 ++--
 17 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.circleci/config.yml b/.circleci/config.yml
index 7dca7a5979..a3b411239b 100644
--- a/.circleci/config.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config.yml
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ jobs:
 
   linux-wasm-build:
     environment:
-      WASI_SDK_VERSION: 14
+      WASI_SDK_VERSION: 15
     machine:
       image: ubuntu-2204:2023.04.2
     steps:
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ jobs:
 parameters:
   clang_version_min:
     type: integer
-    default: 13
+    default: 14
   clang_version_latest:
     type: integer
     default: 15
diff --git a/.github/workflows/macOS.yml b/.github/workflows/macOS.yml
index 49e7174da0..e2ffd10bfa 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/macOS.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/macOS.yml
@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   osx:
-    runs-on: macOS-latest
+    runs-on: macos-13
+    env:
+      DEVELOPER_DIR: /Applications/Xcode_14.3.app/Contents/Developer
 
     # Disable on external PRs
     if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.repository
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 864a2da220..62e33b8419 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ git submodule update --init --recursive
 ## Building on Linux & macOS
 
 Building Silkworm requires:
-* C++20 compiler: [GCC](https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc/) >= 11.2 or [Clang](https://clang.llvm.org/) >= 13
+* C++20 compiler: [GCC](https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc/) >= 11.2 or [Clang](https://clang.llvm.org/) >= 14
+or AppleClang ([Xcode](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/) >= 14.3)
 * [CMake](https://cmake.org)
 * [Conan](https://conan.io)
 
diff --git a/cmd/state-transition/state_transition.cpp b/cmd/state-transition/state_transition.cpp
index 9e6f8c8d2c..7595db6e8e 100644
--- a/cmd/state-transition/state_transition.cpp
+++ b/cmd/state-transition/state_transition.cpp
@@ -16,22 +16,24 @@
 
 #include "state_transition.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
 #include <stdexcept>
 
+#include <ethash/keccak.hpp>
 #include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
 
-#include "cmd/state-transition/expected_state.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/core/common/util.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/core/execution/execution.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/core/protocol/param.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/core/protocol/rule_set.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/core/rlp/encode_vector.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/core/state/in_memory_state.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/sentry/common/ecc_key_pair.hpp"
+#include <silkworm/core/common/util.hpp>
+#include <silkworm/core/execution/execution.hpp>
+#include <silkworm/core/protocol/param.hpp>
+#include <silkworm/core/protocol/rule_set.hpp>
+#include <silkworm/core/rlp/encode_vector.hpp>
+#include <silkworm/core/state/in_memory_state.hpp>
+#include <silkworm/sentry/common/ecc_key_pair.hpp>
+
+#include "expected_state.hpp"
 
 namespace silkworm::cmd::state_transition {
 
@@ -154,7 +156,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<InMemoryState> StateTransition::get_state() {
         account.nonce = std::stoull(std::string(preStateValue.at("nonce")), nullptr, 16);
 
         const Bytes code{from_hex(std::string(preStateValue.at("code"))).value()};
-        account.code_hash = bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(code));
+        account.code_hash = std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(code));
         account.incarnation = kDefaultIncarnation;
 
         state->update_account(address, /*initial=*/std::nullopt, account);
@@ -269,7 +271,7 @@ void StateTransition::validate_transition(const Receipt& receipt, const Expected
     } else {
         Bytes encoded;
         rlp::encode(encoded, receipt.logs);
-        if (bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(encoded)) != expected_sub_state.logsHash) {
+        if (std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(encoded)) != expected_sub_state.logsHash) {
             print_error_message(expected_state, expected_sub_state, "Failed: Logs hash does not match");
             failed_count_++;
         } else {
diff --git a/cmd/test/ethereum.cpp b/cmd/test/ethereum.cpp
index 9fed09da25..b304934770 100644
--- a/cmd/test/ethereum.cpp
+++ b/cmd/test/ethereum.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 */
 
 #include <atomic>
+#include <bit>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <map>
@@ -29,7 +30,6 @@
 
 #include <silkworm/core/chain/config.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/common/as_range.hpp>
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/common/test_util.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/execution/evm.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/protocol/blockchain.hpp>
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ void init_pre_state(const nlohmann::json& pre, State& state) {
         const Bytes code{from_hex(j["code"].get<std::string>()).value()};
         if (!code.empty()) {
             account.incarnation = kDefaultIncarnation;
-            account.code_hash = bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(code));
+            account.code_hash = std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(code));
             state.update_account_code(address, account.incarnation, account.code_hash, code);
         }
 
diff --git a/silkworm/core/common/base_test.cpp b/silkworm/core/common/base_test.cpp
index 3da4b1f7c9..7f3b895765 100644
--- a/silkworm/core/common/base_test.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/core/common/base_test.cpp
@@ -16,11 +16,12 @@
 
 #include "base.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
+
 #include <catch2/catch.hpp>
 
 #include <silkworm/core/rlp/encode.hpp>
 
-#include "cast.hpp"
 #include "util.hpp"
 
 namespace silkworm {
@@ -40,16 +41,16 @@ TEST_CASE("Byteviews") {
 TEST_CASE("Empty hashes") {
     const ByteView empty_string;
     const ethash::hash256 hash_of_empty_string{keccak256(empty_string)};
-    CHECK(bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(hash_of_empty_string) == kEmptyHash);
+    CHECK(std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(hash_of_empty_string) == kEmptyHash);
 
     const Bytes empty_list_rlp(1, rlp::kEmptyListCode);
     const ethash::hash256 hash_of_empty_list_rlp{keccak256(empty_list_rlp)};
-    CHECK(bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(hash_of_empty_list_rlp) == kEmptyListHash);
+    CHECK(std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(hash_of_empty_list_rlp) == kEmptyListHash);
 
     // See https://github.com/ethereum/yellowpaper/pull/852
     const Bytes empty_string_rlp(1, rlp::kEmptyStringCode);
     const ethash::hash256 hash_of_empty_string_rlp{keccak256(empty_string_rlp)};
-    CHECK(bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(hash_of_empty_string_rlp) == kEmptyRoot);
+    CHECK(std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(hash_of_empty_string_rlp) == kEmptyRoot);
 }
 
 }  // namespace silkworm
diff --git a/silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp b/silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp
index ed9f8dc774..1cba4876ac 100644
--- a/silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp
+++ b/silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp
@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@
 
 // Utilities for type casting
 
-#include <cstring>
 #include <string_view>
-#include <type_traits>
 
 #include <silkworm/core/common/base.hpp>
 
@@ -32,17 +30,6 @@ inline const char* byte_ptr_cast(const uint8_t* ptr) { return reinterpret_cast<c
 inline uint8_t* byte_ptr_cast(char* ptr) { return reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr); }
 inline const uint8_t* byte_ptr_cast(const char* ptr) { return reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(ptr); }
 
-// Backport of C++20 std::bit_cast
-// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/bit_cast
-template <class To, class From>
-typename std::enable_if_t<
-    sizeof(To) == sizeof(From) && std::is_trivially_copyable_v<From> && std::is_trivially_copyable_v<To>, To>
-bit_cast(const From& src) noexcept {
-    To dst;
-    std::memcpy(&dst, &src, sizeof(To));
-    return dst;
-}
-
 inline ByteView string_view_to_byte_view(std::string_view v) { return {byte_ptr_cast(v.data()), v.length()}; }
 
 inline std::string_view byte_view_to_string_view(ByteView v) { return {byte_ptr_cast(v.data()), v.length()}; }
diff --git a/silkworm/core/protocol/validation.cpp b/silkworm/core/protocol/validation.cpp
index 6797ea02a0..a31e99d601 100644
--- a/silkworm/core/protocol/validation.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/core/protocol/validation.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 
 #include "validation.hpp"
 
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
+#include <bit>
+
 #include <silkworm/core/crypto/secp256k1n.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/rlp/encode_vector.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/trie/vector_root.hpp>
@@ -235,7 +236,7 @@ evmc::bytes32 compute_ommers_hash(const BlockBody& body) {
 
     Bytes ommers_rlp;
     rlp::encode(ommers_rlp, body.ommers);
-    return bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(ommers_rlp));
+    return std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(ommers_rlp));
 }
 
 }  // namespace silkworm::protocol
diff --git a/silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state.cpp b/silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state.cpp
index 1d7ad30b37..f976aaf070 100644
--- a/silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state.cpp
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@
 
 #include "intra_block_state.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
+
 #include <ethash/keccak.hpp>
 
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/common/util.hpp>
 
 namespace silkworm {
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@ evmc::bytes32 IntraBlockState::get_code_hash(const evmc::address& address) const
 void IntraBlockState::set_code(const evmc::address& address, ByteView code) noexcept {
     auto& obj{get_or_create_object(address)};
     journal_.emplace_back(new state::UpdateDelta{address, obj});
-    obj.current->code_hash = bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(code));
+    obj.current->code_hash = std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(code));
 
     // Don't overwrite already existing code so that views of it
     // that were previously returned by get_code() are still valid.
diff --git a/silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state_test.cpp b/silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state_test.cpp
index 0576bcc116..6f9003e24e 100644
--- a/silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state_test.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/core/state/intra_block_state_test.cpp
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@
 
 #include "intra_block_state.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <catch2/catch.hpp>
 
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/common/random_number.hpp>
 
 #include "in_memory_state.hpp"
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Code view stability") {
         Bytes code(random_code());
         existing_codes[i] = {addr, code};
 
-        evmc_bytes32 code_hash{bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(code))};
+        evmc_bytes32 code_hash{std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(code))};
         Account account{.code_hash = code_hash, .incarnation = kDefaultIncarnation};
         db.update_account(addr, /*initial=*/std::nullopt, /*current=*/account);
         db.update_account_code(addr, kDefaultIncarnation, code_hash, code);
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Code view stability") {
 
     // Check that all previously returned code views have correct code hashes
     for (const auto& cv : code_views) {
-        evmc_bytes32 code_hash{bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(cv.second))};
+        evmc_bytes32 code_hash{std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(cv.second))};
         CHECK(state.get_code_hash(cv.first) == code_hash);
     }
 }
diff --git a/silkworm/core/trie/hash_builder.cpp b/silkworm/core/trie/hash_builder.cpp
index fb3ed3ec5f..a630624bc3 100644
--- a/silkworm/core/trie/hash_builder.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/core/trie/hash_builder.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #include <ethash/keccak.hpp>
 
 #include <silkworm/core/common/assert.hpp>
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/common/util.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/rlp/encode.hpp>
 
@@ -132,7 +131,7 @@ evmc::bytes32 HashBuilder::root_hash(bool auto_finalize) {
     if (node_ref.length() == kHashLength + 1) {
         std::memcpy(res.bytes, &node_ref[1], kHashLength);
     } else {
-        res = bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(node_ref));
+        res = std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(node_ref));
     }
     return res;
 }
diff --git a/silkworm/core/types/block.cpp b/silkworm/core/types/block.cpp
index da7f29f1d7..446c183400 100644
--- a/silkworm/core/types/block.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/core/types/block.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 
 #include "block.hpp"
 
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
+#include <bit>
+
 #include <silkworm/core/protocol/param.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/rlp/decode_vector.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/rlp/encode_vector.hpp>
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ BlockNum height(const BlockId& b) { return b.number; }
 evmc::bytes32 BlockHeader::hash(bool for_sealing, bool exclude_extra_data_sig) const {
     Bytes rlp;
     rlp::encode(rlp, *this, for_sealing, exclude_extra_data_sig);
-    return bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(rlp));
+    return std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(rlp));
 }
 
 ethash::hash256 BlockHeader::boundary() const {
diff --git a/silkworm/core/types/transaction.cpp b/silkworm/core/types/transaction.cpp
index ba12ef320b..5cd198fb0a 100644
--- a/silkworm/core/types/transaction.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/core/types/transaction.cpp
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@
 
 #include "transaction.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
+
 #include <ethash/keccak.hpp>
 
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/common/util.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/crypto/ecdsa.h>
 #include <silkworm/core/protocol/param.hpp>
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ bool Transaction::set_v(const intx::uint256& v) {
 evmc::bytes32 Transaction::hash() const {
     Bytes rlp;
     rlp::encode(rlp, *this, /*wrap_eip2718_into_string=*/false);
-    return bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(rlp));
+    return std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(rlp));
 }
 
 namespace rlp {
diff --git a/silkworm/node/db/access_layer.cpp b/silkworm/node/db/access_layer.cpp
index d65833e608..c0204eb644 100644
--- a/silkworm/node/db/access_layer.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/node/db/access_layer.cpp
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 
 #include "access_layer.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
 #include <stdexcept>
 
 #include <silkworm/core/common/assert.hpp>
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/common/endian.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/infra/common/decoding_exception.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/infra/common/ensure.hpp>
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ void write_header(RWTxn& txn, const BlockHeader& header, bool with_header_number
 evmc::bytes32 write_header_ex(RWTxn& txn, const BlockHeader& header, bool with_header_numbers) {
     Bytes value{};
     rlp::encode(value, header);
-    auto header_hash = bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(value));  // avoid header.hash() because it re-does rlp encoding
+    auto header_hash = std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(value));  // avoid header.hash() because it re-does rlp encoding
     auto key{db::block_key(header.number, header_hash.bytes)};
     auto skey = db::to_slice(key);
     auto svalue = db::to_slice(value);
diff --git a/silkworm/silkrpc/commands/rpc_api_test.cpp b/silkworm/silkrpc/commands/rpc_api_test.cpp
index c5479e0008..218ad27d57 100644
--- a/silkworm/silkrpc/commands/rpc_api_test.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/silkrpc/commands/rpc_api_test.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "rpc_api.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iostream>
@@ -28,20 +29,18 @@
 #include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
 
 #include <silkworm/core/chain/genesis.hpp>
+#include <silkworm/core/execution/execution.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/state/in_memory_state.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/types/block.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/types/receipt.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/infra/common/directories.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/node/db/access_layer.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/node/db/buffer.hpp>
+#include <silkworm/silkrpc/common/constants.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/silkrpc/ethdb/file/local_database.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/silkrpc/http/request_handler.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/silkrpc/test/context_test_base.hpp>
 
-#include "silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/core/execution/execution.hpp"
-#include "silkworm/silkrpc/common/constants.hpp"
-
 namespace silkworm::rpc::commands {
 
 using boost::asio::awaitable;
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<InMemoryState> populate_genesis(db::RWTxn& txn, const std::files
 
             if (account_alloc_json.contains("code")) {
                 const auto acc_code{from_hex(std::string(account_alloc_json.at("code"))).value()};
-                const auto acc_codehash{bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(acc_code))};
+                const auto acc_codehash{std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(acc_code))};
                 account.code_hash = acc_codehash;
                 state_buffer->update_account_code(account_address, account.incarnation, acc_codehash, acc_code);
             }
diff --git a/silkworm/silkrpc/core/override_state.cpp b/silkworm/silkrpc/core/override_state.cpp
index 793657193a..3efaf77389 100644
--- a/silkworm/silkrpc/core/override_state.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/silkrpc/core/override_state.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "override_state.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
 #include <future>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <utility>
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@
 #include <boost/asio/use_future.hpp>
 #include <ethash/keccak.hpp>
 
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/core/common/util.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/infra/common/log.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/silkrpc/core/rawdb/chain.hpp>
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ OverrideState::OverrideState(silkworm::State& inner_state, const AccountsOverrid
     : inner_state_{inner_state}, accounts_overrides_{accounts_overrides} {
     for (const auto& [key, value] : accounts_overrides_) {
         if (value.code) {
-            evmc::bytes32 code_hash{bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(value.code.value()))};
+            evmc::bytes32 code_hash{std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(value.code.value()))};
             code_hash_.emplace(code_hash, value.code.value());
         }
     }
diff --git a/silkworm/silkrpc/storage/local_chain_storage.cpp b/silkworm/silkrpc/storage/local_chain_storage.cpp
index 01d1afb0bc..d9b8d9703e 100644
--- a/silkworm/silkrpc/storage/local_chain_storage.cpp
+++ b/silkworm/silkrpc/storage/local_chain_storage.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 
 #include "local_chain_storage.hpp"
 
-#include <silkworm/core/common/cast.hpp>
+#include <bit>
+
 #include <silkworm/core/types/transaction.hpp>
 #include <silkworm/node/db/access_layer.hpp>
 
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ Task<bool> LocalChainStorage::read_rlp_transaction(const evmc::bytes32& txn_hash
         co_return false;
     }
     for (const auto& rlp : rlp_txs) {
-        if (bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(rlp)) == txn_hash) {
+        if (std::bit_cast<evmc_bytes32>(keccak256(rlp)) == txn_hash) {
             rlp_tx = rlp;
             co_return true;
         }