instructions.md

In your DNA research lab, you have been working through various ways to compress your research data to save storage space. One teammate suggests converting the DNA data to a binary representation:

Nucleic Acid	Code
a space	0000
A	0001
C	0010
G	0100
T	1000

You ponder this, as it will potentially halve the required data storage costs, but at the expense of human readability. You decide to write a module to encode and decode your data to benchmark your savings.

1. Encode nucleic acid to binary value

Implement encode_nucleotide/1 to accept the code point for the nucleic acid and return the integer value of the encoded code.

DNA.encode_nucleotide(?A)
# => 0b0001

2. Decode the binary value to the nucleic acid

Implement decode_nucleotide/1 to accept the integer value of the encoded code and return the code point for the nucleic acid.

DNA.decode_nucleotide(0b0001)
# => ?A

3. Encode a DNA charlist

Implement encode/1 to accept a charlist representing nucleic acids and gaps and return a bitstring of the encoded data.

DNA.encode('AC GT')
# => <<18, 4, 8::size(4)>>

4. Decode a DNA bitstring

Implement decode/1 to accept a bitstring representing nucleic acids and gaps and return the decoded data as a charlist.

DNA.decode(<<132, 2, 1::size(4)>>)
# => 'TG CA'