diff --git a/docs/examples/spgemm.jl b/docs/examples/spgemm.jl
index f6fe99132..0414f4bf4 100644
--- a/docs/examples/spgemm.jl
+++ b/docs/examples/spgemm.jl
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ function spgemm_inner(A, B)
     C = Tensor(Dense(SparseList(Element(z))))
     w = Tensor(SparseDict(SparseDict(Element(z))))
     AT = Tensor(Dense(SparseList(Element(z))))
-    @finch mode=fastfinch (w .= 0; for k=_, i=_; w[k, i] = A[i, k] end)
-    @finch mode=fastfinch (AT .= 0; for i=_, k=_; AT[k, i] = w[k, i] end)
+    @finch mode=:fast (w .= 0; for k=_, i=_; w[k, i] = A[i, k] end)
+    @finch mode=:fast (AT .= 0; for i=_, k=_; AT[k, i] = w[k, i] end)
     @finch (C .= 0; for j=_, i=_, k=_; C[i, j] += AT[k, i] * B[k, j] end)
     return C
 end
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ function spgemm_outer(A, B)
     C = Tensor(Dense(SparseList(Element(z))))
     w = Tensor(SparseDict(SparseDict(Element(z))))
     BT = Tensor(Dense(SparseList(Element(z))))
-    @finch mode=fastfinch (w .= 0; for j=_, k=_; w[j, k] = B[k, j] end)
+    @finch mode=:fast (w .= 0; for j=_, k=_; w[j, k] = B[k, j] end)
     @finch (BT .= 0; for k=_, j=_; BT[j, k] = w[j, k] end)
     @finch (w .= 0; for k=_, j=_, i=_; w[i, j] += A[i, k] * BT[j, k] end)
     @finch (C .= 0; for j=_, i=_; C[i, j] = w[i, j] end)
diff --git a/docs/src/guides/custom_operators.md b/docs/src/guides/custom_operators.md
index 885c782be..bfb4f6066 100644
--- a/docs/src/guides/custom_operators.md
+++ b/docs/src/guides/custom_operators.md
@@ -104,8 +104,6 @@ properties as follows:
 ```
 struct MyAlgebra <: AbstractAlgebra end
 
-Finch.virtualize(ctx, ex, ::Type{MyAlgebra}) = MyAlgebra()
-
 Finch.isassociative(::MyAlgebra, ::typeof(gcd)) = true
 Finch.iscommutative(::MyAlgebra, ::typeof(gcd)) = true
 Finch.isannihilator(::MyAlgebra, ::typeof(gcd), x) = x == 1
diff --git a/docs/src/interactive.ipynb b/docs/src/interactive.ipynb
index 024827b59..3b191c8f3 100644
--- a/docs/src/interactive.ipynb
+++ b/docs/src/interactive.ipynb
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@
    "file_extension": ".jl",
    "mimetype": "application/julia",
    "name": "julia",
-   "version": "1.6.7"
+   "version": "1.10.2"
   },
   "kernelspec": {
-   "name": "julia-1.6",
-   "display_name": "Julia 1.6.7",
+   "name": "julia-1.10",
+   "display_name": "Julia 1.10.2",
    "language": "julia"
   }
  },
diff --git a/docs/src/reference/advanced_implementation/internals.md b/docs/src/reference/advanced_implementation/internals.md
index 7882e02f9..2a5d01106 100644
--- a/docs/src/reference/advanced_implementation/internals.md
+++ b/docs/src/reference/advanced_implementation/internals.md
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ quote
                         let i = index_instance(i)
                             (Finch.FinchNotation.loop_instance)(i, Finch.FinchNotation.Dimensionless(), (Finch.FinchNotation.assign_instance)((Finch.FinchNotation.access_instance)((Finch.FinchNotation.tag_instance)(variable_instance(:C), (Finch.FinchNotation.finch_leaf_instance)(C)), literal_instance(Finch.FinchNotation.Updater()), (Finch.FinchNotation.tag_instance)(variable_instance(:i), (Finch.FinchNotation.finch_leaf_instance)(i))), (Finch.FinchNotation.literal_instance)(Finch.FinchNotation.initwrite), (Finch.FinchNotation.call_instance)((Finch.FinchNotation.tag_instance)(variable_instance(:*), (Finch.FinchNotation.finch_leaf_instance)(*)), (Finch.FinchNotation.access_instance)((Finch.FinchNotation.tag_instance)(variable_instance(:A), (Finch.FinchNotation.finch_leaf_instance)(A)), literal_instance(Finch.FinchNotation.Reader()), (Finch.FinchNotation.tag_instance)(variable_instance(:i), (Finch.FinchNotation.finch_leaf_instance)(i))), (Finch.FinchNotation.access_instance)((Finch.FinchNotation.tag_instance)(variable_instance(:B), (Finch.FinchNotation.finch_leaf_instance)(B)), literal_instance(Finch.FinchNotation.Reader()), (Finch.FinchNotation.tag_instance)(variable_instance(:i), (Finch.FinchNotation.finch_leaf_instance)(i))))))
                         end
-                    end), (Finch.FinchNotation.yieldbind_instance)(variable_instance(:C))), (;))
+                    end), (Finch.FinchNotation.yieldbind_instance)(variable_instance(:C))); )
     begin
         C = _res_1[:C]
     end
diff --git a/src/Finch.jl b/src/Finch.jl
index 8bc5a8142..08ae7525e 100644
--- a/src/Finch.jl
+++ b/src/Finch.jl
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ using Distributions: Binomial, Normal, Poisson
 
 export @finch, @finch_program, @finch_code, @finch_kernel, value
 
-export fastfinch, safefinch, debugfinch
-
 export Tensor
 export SparseRLE, SparseRLELevel
 export DenseRLE, DenseRLELevel
diff --git a/src/execute.jl b/src/execute.jl
index f6d79d2f8..9a9c7b4c9 100644
--- a/src/execute.jl
+++ b/src/execute.jl
@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
-abstract type CompileMode end
-struct DebugFinch <: CompileMode end
-const debugfinch = DebugFinch()
-virtualize(ctx, ex, ::Type{DebugFinch}) = DebugFinch()
-struct SafeFinch <: CompileMode end
-const safefinch = SafeFinch()
-virtualize(ctx, ex, ::Type{SafeFinch}) = SafeFinch()
-struct FastFinch <: CompileMode end
-const fastfinch = FastFinch()
-virtualize(ctx, ex, ::Type{FastFinch}) = FastFinch()
-
-issafe(::DebugFinch) = true
-issafe(::SafeFinch) = true
-issafe(::FastFinch) = false
+function issafe(mode)
+    if mode === :debug
+        return true
+    elseif mode === :safe
+        return true
+    elseif mode === :fast
+        return false
+    else
+        throw(ArgumentError("Unknown mode: $mode"))
+    end
+end
 
 """
     instantiate!(ctx, prgm)
@@ -56,26 +53,35 @@ function (ctx::InstantiateTensors)(node::FinchNode)
     end
 end
 
-execute(ex) = execute(ex, NamedTuple())
+execute(ex; algebra = DefaultAlgebra(), mode = :safe) =
+    execute_impl(ex, Val(algebra), Val(mode))
 
-@staged function execute(ex, opts)
-    contain(JuliaContext()) do ctx
-        code = execute_code(:ex, ex; virtualize(ctx, :opts, opts)...)
-        quote
-            # try
-                @inbounds @fastmath begin
+getvalue(::Type{Val{v}}) where {v} = v
+
+@staged function execute_impl(ex, algebra, mode)
+    code = execute_code(:ex, ex; algebra=getvalue(algebra), mode=getvalue(mode))
+    if mode === :debug
+        return quote
+            try
+                begin
                     $(code |> unblock)
                 end
-            # catch
-            #    println("Error executing code:")
-            #    println($(QuoteNode(code |> unblock |> pretty |> unquote_literals)))
-            #    rethrow()
-            #end
+            catch
+                println("Error executing code:")
+                println($(QuoteNode(code |> unblock |> pretty |> unquote_literals)))
+                rethrow()
+            end
+        end
+    else
+        return quote
+            @inbounds @fastmath begin
+                $(code |> unblock |> pretty |> unquote_literals)
+            end
         end
     end
 end
 
-function execute_code(ex, T; algebra = DefaultAlgebra(), mode = safefinch, ctx = LowerJulia(algebra = algebra, mode=mode))
+function execute_code(ex, T; algebra = DefaultAlgebra(), mode = :safe, ctx = LowerJulia(algebra = algebra, mode=mode))
     code = contain(ctx) do ctx_2
         prgm = nothing
         prgm = virtualize(ctx_2.code, ex, T)
@@ -154,8 +160,11 @@ sparsity information to reliably skip iterations when possible.
 `options` are optional keyword arguments:
 
  - `algebra`: the algebra to use for the program. The default is `DefaultAlgebra()`.
- - `mode`: the optimization mode to use for the program. The default is `fastfinch`.
- - `ctx`: the context to use for the program. The default is a `LowerJulia` context with the given options.
+ - `mode`: the optimization mode to use for the program. Possible modes are:
+    - `:debug`: run the program in debug mode, with bounds checking and better error handling.
+    - `:safe`: run the program in safe mode, with modest checks for performance and correctness.
+    - `:fast`: run the program in fast mode, with no checks or warnings, this mode is for power users.
+    The default is `:safe`.
 
 See also: [`@finch_code`](@ref)
 """
@@ -173,7 +182,7 @@ macro finch(opts_ex...)
     )
     res = esc(:res)
     thunk = quote
-        res = $execute($prgm, (;$(map(esc, opts)...),))
+        res = $execute($prgm, ;$(map(esc, opts)...),)
     end
     for tns in something(FinchNotation.finch_parse_yieldbind(ex), FinchNotation.finch_parse_default_yieldbind(ex))
         push!(thunk.args, quote
@@ -219,7 +228,7 @@ type `prgm`. Here, `fname` is the name of the function and `args` is a
 
 See also: [`@finch`](@ref)
 """
-function finch_kernel(fname, args, prgm; algebra = DefaultAlgebra(), mode = safefinch, ctx = LowerJulia(algebra=algebra, mode=mode))
+function finch_kernel(fname, args, prgm; algebra = DefaultAlgebra(), mode = :safe, ctx = LowerJulia(algebra=algebra, mode=mode))
     maybe_typeof(x) = x isa Type ? x : typeof(x)
     code = contain(ctx) do ctx_2
         foreach(args) do (key, val)
diff --git a/src/interface/copy.jl b/src/interface/copy.jl
index abc700073..01e1fd44d 100644
--- a/src/interface/copy.jl
+++ b/src/interface/copy.jl
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     idxs = [Symbol(:i_, n) for n = 1:ndims(dst)]
     exts = Expr(:block, (:($idx = _) for idx in reverse(idxs))...)
     return quote
-        @finch mode=fastfinch begin
+        @finch mode=:fast begin
             dst .= $(default(dst))
             $(Expr(:for, exts, quote
                 dst[$(idxs...)] = src[$(idxs...)]
diff --git a/src/lower.jl b/src/lower.jl
index bf1554912..778d4ebd6 100644
--- a/src/lower.jl
+++ b/src/lower.jl
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     result = freshen(code, :result)
     algebra = DefaultAlgebra()
     bindings::Dict{FinchNode, FinchNode} = Dict{FinchNode, FinchNode}()
-    mode = fastfinch
+    mode = :fast
     modes::Dict{Any, Any} = Dict()
     scope = Set()
     shash = StaticHash()
diff --git a/src/symbolic/symbolic.jl b/src/symbolic/symbolic.jl
index 41da56159..e5840b2cd 100644
--- a/src/symbolic/symbolic.jl
+++ b/src/symbolic/symbolic.jl
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 abstract type AbstractAlgebra end
 struct DefaultAlgebra<:AbstractAlgebra end
 
-virtualize(ctx, ex, ::Type{DefaultAlgebra}) = DefaultAlgebra()
-
 struct Chooser{D} end
 
 (f::Chooser{D})(x) where {D} = x
diff --git a/test/reference32/typical/typical_transpose_csc_to_coo.txt b/test/reference32/typical/typical_transpose_csc_to_coo.txt
index 19d0c71b6..88774acec 100644
--- a/test/reference32/typical/typical_transpose_csc_to_coo.txt
+++ b/test/reference32/typical/typical_transpose_csc_to_coo.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Dense [:,1:3]
 julia> B = Tensor(SparseDict(SparseDict(Element(0.0))))
 Sparse (0.0) [:,1:0]
 
-julia> @finch_code mode = fastfinch begin
+julia> @finch_code mode = :fast begin
         B .= 0
         for j = _
             for i = _
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ quote
     result = (B = Tensor((SparseLevel){Int32}((SparseLevel){Int32}(B_lvl_3, A_lvl.shape, B_lvl_tbl_2), A_lvl_2.shape, B_lvl_tbl)),)
     result
 end
-julia> @finch mode = fastfinch begin
+julia> @finch mode = :fast begin
         B .= 0
         for j = _
             for i = _
diff --git a/test/reference64/typical/typical_transpose_csc_to_coo.txt b/test/reference64/typical/typical_transpose_csc_to_coo.txt
index 69d8528f5..180fd270a 100644
--- a/test/reference64/typical/typical_transpose_csc_to_coo.txt
+++ b/test/reference64/typical/typical_transpose_csc_to_coo.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Dense [:,1:3]
 julia> B = Tensor(SparseDict(SparseDict(Element(0.0))))
 Sparse (0.0) [:,1:0]
 
-julia> @finch_code mode = fastfinch begin
+julia> @finch_code mode = :fast begin
         B .= 0
         for j = _
             for i = _
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ quote
     result = (B = Tensor((SparseLevel){Int64}((SparseLevel){Int64}(B_lvl_3, A_lvl.shape, B_lvl_tbl_2), A_lvl_2.shape, B_lvl_tbl)),)
     result
 end
-julia> @finch mode = fastfinch begin
+julia> @finch mode = :fast begin
         B .= 0
         for j = _
             for i = _
diff --git a/test/test_algebra.jl b/test/test_algebra.jl
index 51f20e843..9e544c602 100644
--- a/test/test_algebra.jl
+++ b/test/test_algebra.jl
@@ -11,10 +11,6 @@ struct MyAlgebra2 <: Finch.AbstractAlgebra end
 
     @test pattern!(w) == [1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0]
 
-    Finch.virtualize(ctx, ex, ::Type{MyAlgebra}) = MyAlgebra()
-
-    Finch.virtualize(ctx, ex, ::Type{MyAlgebra2}) = MyAlgebra2()
-
     Finch.isassociative(::MyAlgebra, ::typeof(gcd)) = true
     Finch.iscommutative(::MyAlgebra, ::typeof(gcd)) = true
     Finch.isannihilator(::MyAlgebra, ::typeof(gcd), x) = x == 1
diff --git a/test/test_continuous.jl b/test/test_continuous.jl
index ff60a6a8f..414628dc3 100644
--- a/test/test_continuous.jl
+++ b/test/test_continuous.jl
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
     let 
         s1 = Scalar(0)
         x = Tensor(SparseRLE{Limit{Float32}}(Element(0)), 10)
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x[3] = 1)
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (for i=realextent(5+Eps,7-Eps); x[~i] = 1 end)
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (for i=realextent(8,9+Eps); x[~i] = 1 end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x[3] = 1)
+        @finch mode=:fast (for i=realextent(5+Eps,7-Eps); x[~i] = 1 end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (for i=realextent(8,9+Eps); x[~i] = 1 end)
         
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (for i=_; s1[] += x[i] * d(i) end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (for i=_; s1[] += x[i] * d(i) end)
         @test s1.val == 3
     end
 
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
         s1 = Scalar(0)
         x = Tensor(SparseRLE{Limit{Float32}}(SparseList(Element(0))), 10, 10)
         a = [1, 4, 8]
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (for i=realextent(2,4-Eps); for j=extent(1,3); x[a[j], ~i] = 1 end end)
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (for i=realextent(6+Eps,10-Eps); x[2, ~i] = 1 end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (for i=realextent(2,4-Eps); for j=extent(1,3); x[a[j], ~i] = 1 end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (for i=realextent(6+Eps,10-Eps); x[2, ~i] = 1 end)
         
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (for i=_; for j=_; s1[] += x[j,i] * d(i) end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (for i=_; for j=_; s1[] += x[j,i] * d(i) end end)
         @test s1.val == 10
     end   
     
diff --git a/test/test_continuousexamples.jl b/test/test_continuousexamples.jl
index f5e38983f..30eaee2c4 100644
--- a/test/test_continuousexamples.jl
+++ b/test/test_continuousexamples.jl
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
 
         output = Tensor(SparseByteMap{Int64}(Pattern(), shape_id))
 
-        def = @finch_kernel mode=fastfinch function rangequery(output, box, points)
+        def = @finch_kernel mode=:fast function rangequery(output, box, points)
             output .= false 
             for x=_, y=_, id=_
                 output[id] |= box[y,x] && points[id,y,x]
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
         end
 
         radius=ox=oy=0.0 #placeholder
-        def2 = @finch_kernel mode=fastfinch function radiusquery(output, points, radius, ox, oy)
+        def2 = @finch_kernel mode=:fast function radiusquery(output, points, radius, ox, oy)
             output .= false 
             for x=realextent(ox-radius,ox+radius), y=realextent(oy-radius,oy+radius)
                 if (x-ox)^2 + (y-oy)^2 <= radius^2
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
         ox=oy=oz=0.1
 
         #Main Kernel
-        @finch mode=fastfinch begin
+        @finch mode=:fast begin
              output .= 0
              for t=_
                  if timeray[t]
diff --git a/test/test_issues.jl b/test/test_issues.jl
index efeb08659..18ee352db 100644
--- a/test/test_issues.jl
+++ b/test/test_issues.jl
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ using SparseArrays
             Tensor(Dense(Dense(Element(0)))),
         ]
             E = deepcopy(D)
-            @finch mode=fastfinch begin
+            @finch mode=:fast begin
                 D .= 0
                 E .= 0
                 for j = _, i = _
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ using SparseArrays
             return a+b+c
         end
         struct MyAlgebra115 <: Finch.AbstractAlgebra end
-        Finch.virtualize(::Finch.JuliaContext, ex, ::Type{MyAlgebra115}) = MyAlgebra115()
         t = Tensor(SparseList(SparseList(Element(0.0))))
         B = SparseMatrixCSC([0 0 0 0; -1 -1 -1 -1; -2 -2 -2 -2; -3 -3 -3 -3])
         A = dropdefaults(copyto!(Tensor(SparseList(SparseList(Element(0.0)))), B))
@@ -372,7 +371,7 @@ using SparseArrays
     let
         C = Tensor(Dense(Dense(Element(0.0))), [1 0; 0 1])
         w = Tensor(Dense(Dense(Element(0.0))), [0 0; 0 0])
-        @finch mode=fastfinch begin
+        @finch mode=:fast begin
             for j = _, i = _
                 C[i, j] += 1
             end
@@ -390,40 +389,40 @@ using SparseArrays
     let
         A = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]
         x = Scalar(0.0)
-        @finch mode=fastfinch for j=_, i=_; if i < j x[] += A[i, j] end end
+        @finch mode=:fast for j=_, i=_; if i < j x[] += A[i, j] end end
         @test x[] == 11.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i < j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i < j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
         @test x[] == 19.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i <= j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i <= j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
         @test x[] == 26.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i <= j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i <= j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
         @test x[] == 34.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i > j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i > j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
         @test x[] == 19.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i > j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i > j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
         @test x[] == 11.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i >= j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i >= j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
         @test x[] == 34.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i >= j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i >= j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
         @test x[] == 26.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i == j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i == j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
         @test x[] == 15.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i == j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i == j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
         @test x[] == 15.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i != j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for j=_, i=_; if i != j x[] += A[i, j] end end)
         @test x[] == 30.0
 
-        @finch mode=fastfinch (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i != j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
+        @finch mode=:fast (x .= 0; for i=_, j=_; if i != j x[] += A[j, i] end end)
         @test x[] == 30.0
     end
 
@@ -439,7 +438,7 @@ using SparseArrays
         A = zeros(3, 3, 3)
         C = zeros(3, 3, 3)
         X = zeros(3, 3)
-        @test check_output("issues/issue288_concordize_let.jl", @finch_code mode=fastfinch begin
+        @test check_output("issues/issue288_concordize_let.jl", @finch_code mode=:fast begin
             for k=_, j=_, i=_
                 let temp1 = X[i, j]
                     for l=_
@@ -452,7 +451,7 @@ using SparseArrays
                 end
             end
         end)
-        @test check_output("issues/issue288_concordize_double_let.jl", @finch_code mode=fastfinch begin
+        @test check_output("issues/issue288_concordize_double_let.jl", @finch_code mode=:fast begin
             for k=_, j=_, i=_
                 let temp1 = X[i, j]
                     for l=_
diff --git a/test/test_typical.jl b/test/test_typical.jl
index b655ac71e..3f0758e2d 100644
--- a/test/test_typical.jl
+++ b/test/test_typical.jl
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
 
         @repl io A = Tensor(Dense(SparseList(Element(0.0))), [0 0 3.3; 1.1 0 0; 2.2 0 4.4; 0 0 5.5])
         @repl io B = Tensor(SparseDict(SparseDict(Element(0.0))))
-        @repl io @finch_code mode=fastfinch begin
+        @repl io @finch_code mode=:fast begin
             B .= 0
             for j = _
                 for i = _
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
                 end
             end
         end
-        @repl io @finch mode=fastfinch begin
+        @repl io @finch mode=:fast begin
             B .= 0
             for j = _
                 for i = _