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Arch Linux installation notes

This process is based on the installation guide in the Arch Wiki. This it's just a collection of orderly steps to save time when installing a new Arch system. If you require more details about something please see the Wiki

1. Installation media

Download the last ISO

Connect an empty USB memory and verify their assignation

# fdisk -l

Load the downloaded ISO in the device

# dd bs=4M if=[ARCHLINUX.ISO] of=/dev/sd[X] status=progress && sync

Boot with the USB device in UEFI mode

2. Set keyboard layout

# loadkeys la-latin1

3. Verify that the boot mode is enabled in UEFI

# ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars

If the directory does not exist, the system is booted in BIOS mode

4. Connect to the Internet

Wired with DHCP

# dhcpd

Wired with static IP

# ip link set eno1 up
# ip addr add [IP]/[MASK] broadcast [BROADCAST] dev eno1
# ip route add default via [GATEWAY]

Wireless

# wifi-menu

5. Update system clock

# timedatectl set-ntp true
# timedatectl status

6. Partitioning

If UEFI is enabled, create an EFI System Partition for boot

Identify your device

# fdisk -l

Partitions

# parted /dev/sd[X] 

(parted) mktable gpt
(parted) mkpart ESP fat32 1MiB 513MiB
(parted) set 1 boot on
(parted) mkpart primary linux-swap 513MiB 2.5GiB
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 2.5GiB 42.5GiB
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 42.5GiB 100%

This configuration is for a disk of 120GB and UEFI mode

  • Boot: 512MB
  • Swap: 2GB
  • Root: 40GB
  • Home: ~70GB

7. Format partitions

Verify your partition table

# lsblk

Format partition (replace X with your device letter)

# mkfs.vfat /dev/sd[X]1
# mkswap /dev/sd[X]2
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sd[X]3
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sd[X]4

8. Mount the file system

Always replace X with yout device letter)

# swapon /dev/sd[X]2
# mount /dev/sd[X]3 /mnt
# mkdir /mnt/boot
# mount /dev/sd[X]1 /mnt/boot
# mkdir /mnt/home
# mount /dev/sd[X]4 /mnt/home

9. Configure mirrors

# cp /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.backup
# sed -i 's/^#Server/Server/' /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.backup
# rankmirrors -n 6 /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.backup > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
# pacman -Syy

This file will later be copied to the new system by pacstrap

10. Install the base packages

# pacstrap /mnt base base-devel

11. Configure base system

11.1 File system

Generate the fstab file

# genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

11.2 Change to the new system

# arch-chroot /mnt

11.3 Time

Set timezone (my current zone is America/Bogota)

# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Bogota /etc/localtime

Adjust hardware clock

# hwclock --systohc --utc

11.4 Locale

Uncomment needed localizations in /etc/locale.gen, and run:

# locale-gen

In my case en_US.UTF-8 and es_CO.UTF-8

Set the LANG variable

# echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf

Set the KEYMAP variable

# echo KEYMAP=la-latin1 > /etc/vconsole.conf

11.5 Users

Create a new user for the system

# useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash [USER]
# gpasswd --add [USER] uucp
# passwd [USER]

Configure sudo for scalate permissions

# visudo

Uncomment line

%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

Set password for root

# passwd

11.6 Yaourt

Edit the file /etc/pacman.conf

[archlinuxfr]
SigLevel = Never
Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/$arch

Update repository and install Yaourt

# pacman -Syy
# pacman -S yaourt

11.7 Initramfs

Initial RAM disk

# mkinitcpio -p linux

If your see some warnings about firmware wd719x and aic94xx

# pacman -S base-devel
# su your_user
$ cd ~
$ yaourt -S wd719x-firmware aic94xx-firmware
$ exit
# mkinitcpio -p linux

11.8 Boot

Boot using systemd

# pacman -S intel-ucode
# bootctl install

Get UUID for the root partition

# blkid -s PARTUUID -o value /dev/sd[X]3 >> /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf

Edit /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf

title   Arch Linux
linux   /vmlinuz-linux
initrd  /intel-ucode.img
initrd  /initramfs-linux.img
options root=PARTUUID=[UUID_FROM_PREVIOUS_STEP] wr

12 Reboot

Exit from chroot and reboot

# exit
# shutdown now

Remove the installation media and proceed to configure the new system