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toutiao.py
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#!coding=utf-8
##爬取今日头条频道数据
import requests
import json
import random
import time
from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning) ###禁止提醒SSL警告
import hashlib
import execjs
from selenium import webdriver
from toutiaoitem import toutiaoitem
from toutiaouser import toutiaouser
from proxies import get_proxy_ip
from db import toutiaodb
import re
import html
import redis
import urllib
class toutiao(object):
def __init__(self,path,url):
self.path = path # CSV保存地址
self.url = url
self.s = requests.session()
self.page = 0
self.user_page = 0
self.search_item_list = []
self.search_user_list = []
self.user_artcile_list = []
headers = {'Accept': '*/*',
'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; InfoPath.3; rv:11.0) like Gecko',
'Connection': 'Keep-Alive',
}
self.s.headers.update(headers)
self.channel = re.search('ch/(.*?)/',url).group(1)
self.r = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379, password='Terran123456')
def closes(self):
self.s.close()
def get_channel_data(self, page): #获取数据
req = self.s.get(url=self.url, verify=False, proxies=get_proxy_ip())
#print (self.s.headers)
#print(req.text)
headers = {'referer': self.url}
max_behot_time='0'
signature='.1.hXgAApDNVcKHe5jmqy.9f4U'
eas = 'A1E56B6786B47FE'
ecp = '5B7674A7FF2E9E1'
self.s.headers.update(headers)
item_list = []
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.implicitly_wait(10)
browser.get(self.url)
for i in range(0, page):
Honey = json.loads(self.get_js())
# eas = self.getHoney(int(max_behot_time))[0]
# ecp = self.getHoney(int(max_behot_time))[1]
eas = Honey['as']
ecp = Honey['cp']
signature = Honey['_signature']
if i > 0:
signature = browser.execute_script("return window.TAC.sign("+ max_behot_time +")")
url='https://www.toutiao.com/api/pc/feed/?category={}&utm_source=toutiao&widen=1&max_behot_time={}&max_behot_time_tmp={}&tadrequire=true&as={}&cp={}&_signature={}'.format(self.channel,max_behot_time,max_behot_time,eas,ecp,signature)
req=self.s.get(url=url, verify=False, proxies=get_proxy_ip())
time.sleep(random.random() * 2+2)
# print(req.text)
# print(url)
j=json.loads(req.text)
for k in range(0, 10):
item = toutiaoitem()
now=time.time()
if j['data'][k]['tag'] != 'ad' or j['data'][k]['tag'] != 'ad.platform.site':
item.title = j['data'][k]['title'] ##标题
item.source = j['data'][k]['source'] ##作者
item.source_url = 'https://www.toutiao.com/'+j['data'][k]['source_url'] ##文章链接
item.media_url = 'https://www.toutiao.com/'+j['data'][k]['media_url'] #作者主页
item.article_genre = j['data'][k]['article_genre'] #文章类型
try:
item.comments_count = j['data'][k]['comments_count'] ###评论
except:
item.comments_count = 0
item.tag = j['data'][k]['tag'] ###频道名
try:
item.chinese_tag = j['data'][k]['chinese_tag'] ##频道中文名
except:
item.chinese_tag = ''
try:
item.label = j['data'][k]['label'] ## 标签
except:
item.label = []
try:
item.abstract = j['data'][k]['abstract'] ###文章摘要
except:
item.abstract = ''
behot = int(j['data'][k]['behot_time'])
item.behot_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(behot)) ####发布时间
item.collect_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(now)) ##抓取时间
item.item_id = j['data'][k]['item_id']
try:
item.image_list = j['data'][k]['image_list']
except:
item.image_list = []
item.image_url = j['data'][k]['image_url']
item.middle_image = j['data'][k]['middle_image']
item_list.append(item)
toutiaodb.save(item_list)
time.sleep(2)
max_behot_time = str(j['next']['max_behot_time'])
"""
搜索文章
"""
def get_search_article(self, keyword, offset=0):
keyword = urllib.request.quote(keyword)
req_url = "https://www.toutiao.com/search_content/?offset={}&format=json&keyword={}&autoload=true&count=20&cur_tab=1&from=search_tab".format(offset,keyword)
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'authority': 'www.toutiao.com',
'referer': "https://www.toutiao.com/search/?keyword={}".format(keyword),
'method': 'GET',
'path': "/search_content/?offset={}&format=json&keyword={}&autoload=true&count=20&cur_tab=1&from=search_tab".format(offset,keyword),
'scheme': 'https'
}
self.s.headers.update(headers)
req = self.s.get(req_url, proxies=get_proxy_ip())
time.sleep(random.random() * 2 + 3)
data = json.loads(req.text)
items = data['data']
if data['has_more'] == 1:
self.page = self.page + 1
offset = 20 * self.page
self.parse_data(items)
time.sleep(2)
self.get_search_article(keyword, offset)
else:
self.parse_data(items)
toutiaodb.save(self.search_item_list)
def parse_data(self, items):
for item in items:
try:
type = item['cell_type']
except:
type = 0
if type == 37: #微头条
pass
elif type == 50:
pass
elif type == 66:
pass
elif type == 26: #内容推荐
pass
elif type == 20: #搜索推荐
pass
elif type == 38: #用户
pass
else:
titem = toutiaoitem()
titem.user_id = item['user_id']
try:
titem.source = item['source']
except:
titem.source = item['name']
titem.title = item['title']
titem.source_url = item['article_url']
titem.media_url = item['media_url']
titem.item_id = item['item_id']
titem.abstract = item['abstract']
titem.comments_count = item['comments_count']
titem.behot_time = item['behot_time']
titem.image_url = item['image_url']
titem.image_list = item['image_list']
titem.tag = item['tag']
if 'play_effective_count' in item:
titem.article_genre = 'vedio'
titem.read_count = item['play_effective_count']
else:
titem.article_genre = 'article'
self.search_item_list.append(titem)
"""
获取搜索的用户
"""
def get_search_user(self, keyword, offset=0):
keyword = urllib.request.quote(keyword)
req_url = "https://www.toutiao.com/search_content/?offset={}&format=json&keyword={}&autoload=true&count=20&cur_tab=4&from=media".format(
offset, keyword)
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'authority': 'www.toutiao.com',
'referer': "https://www.toutiao.com/search/?keyword={}".format(keyword),
'method': 'GET',
'path': "/search_content/?offset={}&format=json&keyword={}&autoload=true&count=20&cur_tab=4&from=media".format(
offset, keyword),
'scheme': 'https'
}
self.s.headers.update(headers)
req = self.s.get(req_url, proxies=get_proxy_ip())
data = json.loads(req.text)
# 随机休眠几秒
time.sleep(random.random() * 2 + 3)
items = data['data']
if data['has_more'] == 1:
self.page = self.page + 1
offset = 20 * self.page
self.parse_user(items)
time.sleep(2)
self.get_search_user(keyword, offset)
else:
self.parse_data(items)
toutiaodb.save_user(self.search_user_list)
def parse_user(self, users):
for user in users:
tuser = toutiaouser()
tuser.user_id = user['user_id']
tuser.avatar_url = user['avatar_url']
tuser.name = user['name']
tuser.gender = user['gender']
tuser.media_id = user['media_id']
tuser.create_time = user['create_time']
tuser.follow_count = user['follow_count']
tuser.source_url = user['source_url']
tuser.description = user['description']
tuser.id = user['id']
self.search_user_list.append(tuser)
"""
文章详情
"""
def get_article_detail(self, item):
url = 'https://www.toutiao.com/i' + item.item_id
is_exist = self.r.sismember(u'url', url)
# 如何redis中已经存在爬过的url则自动跳过
if not is_exist and item.article_genre == 'article':
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'authority': 'www.toutiao.com',
'referer': 'https://www.toutiao.com/i' + item.item_id + '/',
'method': 'GET',
'path': 'a/' + item.item_id + '/',
'scheme': 'https'
}
self.s.headers.update(headers)
req = self.s.get(url, proxies=get_proxy_ip())
#随机休眠几秒
time.sleep(random.random() * 2 + 3)
resp_data = req.text
data = resp_data.decode()
content = re.findall(r"content:(.+)", data)[0]
content = html.unescape(content)
content = re.findall("'(.+)'", content)[0]
item.content = content
#更新文章内容
toutiaodb.update(item)
self.r.sadd(u'url', url)
return item
"""
获取用户主页的数据
"""
def get_user_data(self, user):
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.implicitly_wait(10)
browser.get(user.media_url)
self.fetch_user_articles(user,browser)
def fetch_user_articles(self, user, browser):
honey = json.loads(self.get_js())
signature = honey['_signature']
max_behot_time = "0"
_as = honey['as']
cp = honey['cp']
if self.user_page > 0:
signature = browser.execute_script("return window.TAC.sign(" + user.user_id+max_behot_time + ")")
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'authority': 'www.toutiao.com',
'referer': user.media_url,
'method': 'GET',
'path': "/c/user/article/?page_type=1&user_id={}&max_behot_time={}&count=20&as={}&cp={}&_signature={}".format(
user.user_id, max_behot_time, _as, cp, signature),
'scheme': 'https'
}
self.s.headers.update(headers)
req_url = "https://www.toutiao.com/c/user/article/?page_type=1&user_id={}&max_behot_time={}&count=20&as={}&cp={}&_signature={}".format(
user.user_id, max_behot_time, _as, cp, signature)
req = self.s.get(req_url, proxies=get_proxy_ip())
# 通过随机数控制请求速度
time.sleep(random.random() * 2 + 2)
data = json.loads(req.text)
max_behot_time = str(data['next'][max_behot_time])
if data['has_more']:
self.user_page = self.user_page + 1
self.parse_user_artcle(data['data'], toutiaoitem.user_id, toutiaoitem.media_url)
#在休眠2s
time.sleep(2)
self.fetch_user_articles(user, browser)
else:
self.parse_user_artcle(data['data'], toutiaoitem.user_id, toutiaoitem.media_url)
toutiaodb.save(self.user_artcile_list)
def parse_user_artcle(self, items, user_id, url):
for item in items:
toutiaoitem = toutiaoitem()
toutiaoitem.user_id = user_id
toutiaoitem.source = item['source']
toutiaoitem.title = item['title']
toutiaoitem.source_url = 'https:' + item['display_url']
toutiaoitem.media_url = url
toutiaoitem.item_id = item['item_id']
toutiaoitem.abstract = item['abstract']
toutiaoitem.comments_count = item['comments_count']
toutiaoitem.behot_time = item['behot_time']
toutiaoitem.image_url = item['image_url']
toutiaoitem.image_list = item['image_list']
toutiaoitem.tag = item['tag']
toutiaoitem.chinese_tag = item['chinese_tag']
toutiaoitem.read_count = item['go_detail_count']
toutiaoitem.article_genre = item['article_genre']
self.user_artcile_list.append(toutiaoitem)
def getHoney(self,t): #####根据JS脚本破解as ,cp
#t = int(time.time())
#t=1534389637
#print(t)
e =str('%X' % t)
#print(e)
m1 = hashlib.md5()
m1.update(str(t).encode(encoding='utf-8'))
i = str(m1.hexdigest()).upper()
#print(i)
n=i[0:5]
a=i[-5:]
s=''
r=''
for x in range(0,5):
s+=n[x]+e[x]
r+=e[x+3]+a[x]
eas='A1'+ s+ e[-3:]
ecp=e[0:3]+r+'E1'
#print(eas)
#print(ecp)
return eas,ecp
def get_js(self): ###大牛破解as ,cp, _signature 参数的代码，然而具体关系不确定，不能连续爬取
# f = open("D:/WorkSpace/MyWorkSpace/jsdemo/js/des_rsa.js",'r',encoding='UTF-8')
f = open(r"./toutiao-TAC.sign.js", 'r', encoding='UTF-8')
line = f.readline()
htmlstr = ''
while line:
htmlstr = htmlstr + line
line = f.readline()
ctx = execjs.compile(htmlstr)
return ctx.call('get_as_cp_signature')
if __name__=='__main__':
path=r'./' ##保存路径
url='https://www.toutiao.com/ch/news_tech/' ##频道URL
t=toutiao(path,url)
t.get_channel_data(3)
# t.get_search_article('商业模式')
t.closes()