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ncclient: Python library for NETCONF clients

ncclient is a Python library that facilitates client-side scripting and application development around the NETCONF protocol. ncclient was developed by Shikar Bhushan <http://schmizz.net>. It is now maintained by Leonidas Poulopoulos (@leopoul) <http://ncclient.org> and Einar Nilsen-Nygaard (@einarnn).

Docs: http://ncclient.readthedocs.org

Github: https://github.com/ncclient/ncclient

Requirements:

  • Python 2.7 or Python 3.4+
  • setuptools 0.6+
  • Paramiko 1.7+
  • lxml 3.3.0+
  • libxml2
  • libxslt

If you are on Debian/Ubuntu install the following libs (via aptitude or apt-get):

  • libxml2-dev
  • libxslt1-dev

Installation:

[ncclient] $ sudo python setup.py install

or via pip:

pip install ncclient

Examples:

[ncclient] $ python examples/juniper/*.py

Usage

Get device running config

Use either an interactive Python console (ipython) or integrate the following in your code:

from ncclient import manager

with manager.connect(host=host, port=830, username=user, hostkey_verify=False) as m:
    c = m.get_config(source='running').data_xml
    with open("%s.xml" % host, 'w') as f:
        f.write(c)

As of 0.4.1 ncclient integrates Juniper's and Cisco's forks, lots of new concepts have been introduced that ease management of Juniper and Cisco devices respectively. The biggest change is the introduction of device handlers in connection paramms. For example to invoke Juniper's functions annd params one has to re-write the above with device_params={'name':'junos'}:

from ncclient import manager

with manager.connect(host=host, port=830, username=user, hostkey_verify=False, device_params={'name':'junos'}) as m:
    c = m.get_config(source='running').data_xml
    with open("%s.xml" % host, 'w') as f:
        f.write(c)

Device handlers are easy to implement and prove to be futureproof.

Supported device handlers

  • Juniper: device_params={'name':'junos'}
  • Cisco:
    • CSR: device_params={'name':'csr'}
    • Nexus: device_params={'name':'nexus'}
    • IOS XR: device_params={'name':'iosxr'}
    • IOS XE: device_params={'name':'iosxe'}
  • Huawei:
    • device_params={'name':'huawei'}
    • device_params={'name':'huaweiyang'}
  • Nokia SR OS: device_params={'name':'sros'}
  • H3C: device_params={'name':'h3c'}
  • HP Comware: device_params={'name':'hpcomware'}
  • Server or anything not in above: device_params={'name':'default'}

Changes | brief

v0.6.12

  • Fix for accidental breakage of Juniper ExecuteRPC support

v0.6.11

  • Support for custom client capabilities
  • Restructuring/refactoring of example scripts
  • Minor bugfixes
  • Minor unit test refactoring

v0.6.10

  • NETCONF call-home (RFC8071) support
  • YANG 1.1 action support
  • Nokia SR OS device handler support
  • Removal of old ALU base-r13 API documentation
  • Increased test coverage
  • Variety of bugfixes and minor enhancements from a variety of contributors since 0.6.9 (see commit history)
  • Thanks to all contributors!

v0.6.9

  • Fix for breaking API change

v0.6.8

  • Pulled due to accidental breaking API change
  • Variety of small updates and bugfixes, but of note:
    • Support for namespace prefixes for XPath queries
    • edit-config parameter validation
    • Support for multiple RPC errors
    • API to get supported device types
    • Support for subtree filters with multiple top-level tags
  • Thanks to all contributors!

v0.6.7

  • Variety of bugfixes from a variety of contributors since 0.6.6 (see commit history)

v0.6.6

  • Read ssh timeout from config file if not specified in method call
  • Tox support
  • Huge XML tree parser support
  • Adding optional bind address to connect

v0.6.5

  • Updated README for 0.6.5 release

v0.6.4

  • Pin selectors2 to Python versions <= 3.4
  • Fix config examples to actually use the nc namespace
  • Fix: correctly set port for paramiko when using ssh_config file
  • Test: add test to check ProxyCommand uses correct port
  • Update commits for py3
  • Enhance Alcatel-Lucent-support
  • Juniper RPC: allow specifying format in CompareConfiguration
  • Parsing of NETCONF 1.1 frames no longer decodes each chunk of bytes
  • Fix filter in create_subscription
  • Validate 'with-defaults' mode based on supported modes advertised in capability URI

v0.6.3

  • Fix homepage link registered with PyPi
  • SSH Host Key checking
  • Updated junos.py to resolve RestrictedUser error
  • Close the channel when closing SSH session
  • Invoke self.parse() to ensure errors, if any, have been detected before check in ok()

v0.6.2

  • Migration to user selectors instead of select, allowing higher scale operations
  • Improved netconf:base:1.1 parsing
  • Graceful exit on session close

v0.6.0

  • Fix use of new Python 3.7 keyword, async
  • Re-enable Python 3.7

v0.5.4

  • Rollup of minor changes since 0.5.3
  • Disablement of Python 3.7 due to async keyword issue

v0.5.3

  • Add notifications support
  • Add support for ecdsa keys
  • Various bug fixes

v0.5.2

  • Add support for Python 3
  • Improve Junos ioproc performance
  • Performance improvements
  • Updated test cases
  • Many bug and performance fixes

v0.4.7

  • Add support for netconf 1.1

v0.4.6

  • Fix multiple RPC error generation
  • Add support for cancel-commit and persist param
  • Add more examples

v0.4.5

  • Add Huawei device support
  • Add cli command support for hpcomware v7 devices
  • Add H3C support, Support H3C CLI,Action,Get_bulk,Save,Rollback,etc.
  • Add alcatel lucent support
  • Rewrite multiple error handling
  • Add coveralls support, with shield in README.md
  • Set severity level to higher when multiple
  • Simplify logging and multi-error reporting
  • Keep stacktrace of errors
  • Check for known hosts on hostkey_verify only
  • Add check for device sending back null error_text
  • Fix RPC.raise_mode
  • Specifying hostkey_verify=False should not load_known_hosts
  • Check the correct field on rpc-error element

v0.4.3

  • Nexus exec_command operation
  • Allow specifying multiple cmd elements in Cisco Nexus
  • Update rpc for nested rpc-errors
  • Prevent race condition in threading
  • Prevent hanging in session close

v0.4.2

  • Support for paramiko ProxyCommand via ~/.ssh/config parsing
  • Add Juniper-specific commit operations
  • Add Huawei devices support
  • Tests/Travis support
  • ioproc transport support for Juniper devices
  • Update Cisco CSR device handler
  • Many minor and major fixes

v0.4.1

  • Switch between replies if custom handler is found
  • Add Juniper, Cisco and default device handlers
  • Allow preferred SSH subsystem name in device params
  • Allow iteration over multiple SSH subsystem names.

Acknowledgements