diff --git a/src/indicators/cumulative_volume_delta.rs b/src/indicators/cumulative_volume_delta.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02f1c12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/indicators/cumulative_volume_delta.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+use std::fmt;
+
+use crate::{Close, Next, Open, Reset, Volume};
+#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+/// Cumulative Volume Delta (CVD) indicator.
+///
+/// This indicator calculates the cumulative difference between buying and selling volume
+/// for each price movement. It is often used to gauge the strength of a trend by analyzing
+/// whether volume is predominantly buying or selling.
+///
+/// # Formula
+/// For each period:
+/// - If the price movement is positive (close > open), the buying volume is calculated as a fraction of the total volume.
+/// - If the price movement is negative (close < open), the selling volume is calculated as a fraction of the total volume.
+/// - The delta is calculated as `volume * rate` and accumulated over time.
+///
+/// # Example
+/// ```
+/// use ta::{Next, indicators::CumulativeVolumeDelta, DataItem};
+/// let mut cvd = CumulativeVolumeDelta::new();
+///
+/// // Assume `data` is a struct implementing `Open`, `Close`, and `Volume` traits.
+/// let data = DataItem::builder().open(1.0).high(1.0).low(1.0).close(1.0).volume(1.0).build().unwrap();
+/// let delta = cvd.next(&data);
+/// println!("Current CVD: {}", cvd);
+/// ```
+#[doc(alias = "CVD")]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct CumulativeVolumeDelta {
+    rate: f64,
+    cumulative_delta: f64,
+    history: Vec<f64>,
+}
+
+impl CumulativeVolumeDelta {
+    /// Creates a new `CumulativeVolumeDelta` instance.
+    ///
+    /// # Returns
+    /// A new instance of `CumulativeVolumeDelta` with `cumulative_delta` set to 0.0 and an empty history.
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            rate: 0.5,
+            cumulative_delta: 0.0,
+            history: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The cumulative sum of volume deltas.
+    pub fn cumulative_delta(&self) -> f64 {
+        self.cumulative_delta
+    }
+
+    /// Historical record of individual volume deltas.
+    pub fn history(&self) -> Vec<f64> {
+        self.history.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Open + Close + Volume> Next<&T> for CumulativeVolumeDelta {
+    type Output = f64;
+
+    fn next(&mut self, input: &T) -> Self::Output {
+        let (open, close, volume) = (input.open(), input.close(), input.volume());
+        let delta = if close > open {
+            // Positive price movement: assume buying pressure
+            volume * self.rate
+        } else if close < open {
+            // Negative price movement: assume selling pressure
+            -volume * self.rate
+        } else {
+            // No price movement: delta is zero
+            0.0
+        };
+
+        self.cumulative_delta += delta;
+        self.history.push(delta);
+        delta
+    }
+}
+
+impl Reset for CumulativeVolumeDelta {
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.cumulative_delta = 0.0;
+        self.history.clear();
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for CumulativeVolumeDelta {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CumulativeVolumeDelta {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "CVD({})", self.cumulative_delta)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::test_helper::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_new_cvd() {
+        let cvd = CumulativeVolumeDelta::new();
+        assert_eq!(cvd.cumulative_delta, 0.0);
+        assert!(cvd.history.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_next_positive_price_movement() {
+        let mut cvd = CumulativeVolumeDelta::new();
+        let data = Bar::new().open(100.0).close(110.0).volume(1000.0);
+        let delta = cvd.next(&data);
+        assert!(delta > 0.0);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.history.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.cumulative_delta, delta);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_next_negative_price_movement() {
+        let mut cvd = CumulativeVolumeDelta::new();
+        let data = Bar::new().open(100.0).close(90.0).volume(1000.0);
+        let delta = cvd.next(&data);
+        assert!(delta < 0.0);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.history.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.cumulative_delta, delta);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_next_no_price_movement() {
+        let mut cvd = CumulativeVolumeDelta::new();
+        let data = Bar::new().open(100.0).close(100.0).volume(1000.0);
+        let delta = cvd.next(&data);
+        assert_eq!(delta, 0.0);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.history.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.cumulative_delta, 0.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_cumulative_delta() {
+        let mut cvd = CumulativeVolumeDelta::new();
+        let data1 = Bar::new().open(100.0).close(110.0).volume(1000.0);
+        let data2 = Bar::new().open(110.0).close(100.0).volume(1000.0);
+        let delta1 = cvd.next(&data1);
+        let delta2 = cvd.next(&data2);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.cumulative_delta, delta1 + delta2);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.history.len(), 2);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_reset() {
+        let mut cvd = CumulativeVolumeDelta::new();
+        let data = Bar::new().open(100.0).close(110.0).volume(1000.0);
+        cvd.next(&data);
+        assert_eq!(cvd.history.len(), 1);
+        assert_ne!(cvd.cumulative_delta, 0.0);
+
+        cvd.reset();
+        assert_eq!(cvd.cumulative_delta, 0.0);
+        assert!(cvd.history.is_empty());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/indicators/mod.rs b/src/indicators/mod.rs
index 66a08d3..28a240a 100644
--- a/src/indicators/mod.rs
+++ b/src/indicators/mod.rs
@@ -67,3 +67,9 @@ pub use self::money_flow_index::MoneyFlowIndex;
 
 mod on_balance_volume;
 pub use self::on_balance_volume::OnBalanceVolume;
+
+mod cumulative_volume_delta;
+pub use self::cumulative_volume_delta::CumulativeVolumeDelta;
+
+mod parabolic_stop_and_reverse;
+pub use self::parabolic_stop_and_reverse::ParabolicStopAndReverse;
diff --git a/src/indicators/parabolic_stop_and_reverse.rs b/src/indicators/parabolic_stop_and_reverse.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f112681
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/indicators/parabolic_stop_and_reverse.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+use std::fmt;
+
+use crate::errors::Result;
+use crate::{High, Low, Next, Reset};
+#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+/// Parabolic Stop and Reverse (Parabolic SAR) indicator.
+///
+/// The Parabolic SAR is a trend-following indicator used to determine the direction of an asset's momentum and potential reversal points.
+/// It is displayed as a series of dots placed either above or below the price bars, indicating potential stop and reverse levels.
+///
+/// # Formula
+/// The Parabolic SAR is calculated:
+/// - If the trend is **up**, SAR is placed below the price and rises over time.
+/// - If the trend is **down**, SAR is placed above the price and falls over time.
+/// - The indicator starts with an initial acceleration factor (`step_af`) and increases it up to a maximum (`maximum_af`) as the trend extends.
+///
+/// The formula for the next SAR value is:
+/// `SAR = previous_SAR + acceleration_factor * (extreme_point - previous_SAR)`
+/// where `extreme_point` is the highest high (for uptrend) or lowest low (for downtrend) during the trend.
+///
+/// # Example
+/// ```
+/// use ta::{DataItem, Next};
+/// use ta::indicators::ParabolicStopAndReverse;
+///
+/// let mut sar = ParabolicStopAndReverse::new(0.2, 0.02).unwrap();
+/// let bar = DataItem::builder().open(105.0).high(105.0).low(95.0).close(95.0).volume(0.0).build().unwrap();
+/// let sar_value = sar.next(&bar);
+/// println!("Parabolic SAR: {}", sar_value);
+/// ```
+#[doc(alias = "ParabolicSAR")]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+
+pub struct ParabolicStopAndReverse {
+    accelerator_factor: f64,
+    maximum_af: f64,
+    step_af: f64,
+    extreme_point: f64,
+    stop_and_reverse: f64,
+    is_uptrend: bool,
+    initialized: bool,
+}
+
+impl ParabolicStopAndReverse {
+    pub fn new(max_af: f64, step_af: f64) -> Result<Self> {
+        if max_af <= 0. || step_af <= 0. || max_af <= step_af {
+            return Err(crate::errors::TaError::InvalidParameter);
+        }
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            accelerator_factor: 0.0,
+            maximum_af: max_af,
+            step_af,
+            extreme_point: 0.0,
+            stop_and_reverse: 0.0,
+            is_uptrend: false,
+            initialized: false,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_uptrend(&self) -> bool {
+        self.is_uptrend
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: High + Low> Next<&T> for ParabolicStopAndReverse {
+    type Output = f64;
+
+    fn next(&mut self, input: &T) -> Self::Output {
+        let (high, low) = (input.high(), input.low());
+
+        if !self.initialized {
+            self.is_uptrend = true; // uptrend by default
+            self.extreme_point = high;
+            self.stop_and_reverse = low;
+            self.initialized = true;
+            return self.stop_and_reverse;
+        }
+
+        let new_sar = self.stop_and_reverse
+            + self.accelerator_factor * (self.extreme_point - self.stop_and_reverse);
+
+        if self.is_uptrend && low < new_sar {
+            self.is_uptrend = false;
+            self.stop_and_reverse = self.extreme_point;
+            self.extreme_point = low;
+            self.accelerator_factor = 0.02;
+            return self.stop_and_reverse;
+        }
+
+        if !self.is_uptrend && high > new_sar {
+            self.is_uptrend = true;
+            self.stop_and_reverse = self.extreme_point;
+            self.extreme_point = high;
+            self.accelerator_factor = 0.02;
+            return self.stop_and_reverse;
+        }
+
+        self.stop_and_reverse = new_sar;
+        let old_ep = self.extreme_point;
+
+        self.extreme_point = if self.is_uptrend {
+            self.extreme_point.max(high)
+        } else {
+            self.extreme_point.min(low)
+        };
+
+        if old_ep != self.extreme_point {
+            self.accelerator_factor = (self.accelerator_factor + self.step_af).min(self.maximum_af);
+        }
+
+        self.stop_and_reverse
+    }
+}
+
+impl Reset for ParabolicStopAndReverse {
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.accelerator_factor = 0.0;
+        self.initialized = false;
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for ParabolicStopAndReverse {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            accelerator_factor: 0.02,
+            maximum_af: 0.2,
+            step_af: 0.02,
+            extreme_point: 0.,
+            stop_and_reverse: 0.,
+            is_uptrend: false,
+            initialized: false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for ParabolicStopAndReverse {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "SAR({})", self.stop_and_reverse)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::test_helper::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_default() {
+        ParabolicStopAndReverse::default();
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_initialization() {
+        let mut sar = ParabolicStopAndReverse::default();
+        let bar = Bar::new().high(15.0).low(5.0);
+        assert_eq!(sar.next(&bar), 5.0);
+        assert_eq!(sar.extreme_point, 15.0);
+        assert!(sar.is_uptrend);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_trend_up_to_down() {
+        let mut sar = ParabolicStopAndReverse::new(0.2, 0.02).unwrap();
+        let bar1 = Bar::new().high(15.0).low(5.0);
+        sar.next(&bar1);
+        assert!(sar.is_uptrend);
+        let bar2 = Bar::new().high(16.0).low(4.0);
+        let sar_value = sar.next(&bar2);
+        assert!(!sar.is_uptrend);
+        assert_eq!(sar_value, 15.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_trend_down_to_up() {
+        let mut sar = ParabolicStopAndReverse::new(0.2, 0.02).unwrap();
+        let bar1 = Bar::new().high(15.0).low(5.0); // up by default
+        let bar2 = Bar::new().high(16.0).low(4.0);
+        sar.next(&bar1); // up
+        sar.next(&bar2); // down
+        assert!(!sar.is_uptrend);
+        let bar3 = Bar::new().high(15.0).low(5.0);
+        sar.next(&bar3); // re.up
+        assert!(sar.is_uptrend);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_acceleration_update() {
+        let mut sar = ParabolicStopAndReverse::new(0.2, 0.02).unwrap();
+        let bar1 = Bar::new().high(15.0).low(5.0);
+        sar.next(&bar1);
+        let initial_af = sar.accelerator_factor;
+
+        let bar2 = Bar::new().high(18.0).low(12.0);
+        sar.next(&bar2);
+        assert!(sar.accelerator_factor > initial_af);
+        assert!(sar.accelerator_factor <= 0.2);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_display() {
+        let sar = ParabolicStopAndReverse::new(0.2, 0.02).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(format!("{}", sar), "SAR(0)");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_invalid_parameters() {
+        let result = ParabolicStopAndReverse::new(0.0, 0.02);
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+        let result = ParabolicStopAndReverse::new(0.1, 0.2);
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/test_helper.rs b/src/test_helper.rs
index 96dbb1d..d5f57b1 100644
--- a/src/test_helper.rs
+++ b/src/test_helper.rs
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ impl Bar {
         }
     }
 
-    //pub fn open<T: Into<f64>>(mut self, val :T ) -> Self {
-    //    self.open = val.into();
-    //    self
-    //}
+    pub fn open<T: Into<f64>>(mut self, val :T ) -> Self {
+       self.open = val.into();
+       self
+    }
 
     pub fn high<T: Into<f64>>(mut self, val: T) -> Self {
         self.high = val.into();