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index.html
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>CO2 Onboard</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./dist/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./dist/theme/serif.css" id="theme">
<style type="text/css" media="screen">
.slides section.has-dark-background,
.slides section.has-dark-background h2 {
color: #fff;
}
.slides section.has-light-background,
.slides section.has-light-background h2 {
color: #222;
}
/* Custom CSS to make navigation arrows white */
.navigate-left,
.navigate-right,
.navigate-up,
.navigate-down {
color: #fff !important;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section data-background="#005F56">
<section>
<h2>CO<sub>2</sub> Onboard</h2>
<p style="font-size: 0.8em; margin-top: 10px;"> Our aim is to achieve carbon-neutral energy systems with minimal disruption to the existing infrastructure,
while simultaneously closing the emissions loop from fuel production to utilization. </p>
<p style="font-size: 0.8em; margin-top: 10px;"> We focus on developing power trains for large transportation applications and stationary power generation systems,
which enable net-zero and even net-negative emissions. </p>
<p style="font-size: 0.5em; margin-top: 30px;">*(Please use the vertical arrows at lower-right corner, to see 'Current Problems')</p>
</section>
<section style="padding: 20px; text-align: center;">
<h3 style="font-size: 0.75em; color: #ffffff; margin-bottom: 20px;">Inefficiencies of fuels further made worse by the manner of usage</h3>
<img src="images/prob1.png" alt="Burning fuels especially the costly ones is a bad idea" style="width: 60%; height: auto; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);">
<p style="font-size: 0.4em; margin-top: 1px;">Current plans for the future include using:</p>
<ul style="font-size: 0.4em; text-align: left; display: inline-block; margin-top: 0px;">
<li>Bio-Methanol (Syn-Gas from Biomass/Biogas)</li>
<li>Bio-E-Methanol (Bio-mass based Syn-Gas + Green Hydrogen)</li>
<li>E-Methanol (Direct Air Capture/Carbon Capture from Coal plant, etc. + Green Hydrogen)</li>
<li>Blue-Methanol</li>
<li>Blue-Ammonia</li>
<li>Green-Ammonia</li>
<li>and other Methanol/non-Methanol derivatives such as Jet Fuel, Sustainable Aviation Fuels, etc. in Combustion engines.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-size: 0.4em; margin-top: 1px;">This approach is inefficient in terms of energy and cost. Additionally, emissions (not just CO<sub>2</sub> but NOx, Contrails, PM, etc.) still end up in the atmosphere.</p>
<p style="font-size: 0.3em; margin-top: 30px;">*(Please scroll down using arrows)</p>
</section>
<section style="padding: 20px; text-align: center;">
<h3 style="font-size: 0.75em;">Batteries do not scale well with size (at least for now)</h3>
<img src="images/prob2_2.png" alt="Significant challenges with Batteries for long-range applications" style="width: 35%; height: auto; margin-bottom: 0;">
<p style="font-size: 0.4em; margin-top: 1px;">The image above, sourced from Viswanathan et al. (2022), illustrates that for a hypothetical 350-passenger battery electric bus, batteries with an energy density of 1700 Wh per kg constitute 17% of the payload.</p>
<p style="font-size: 0.4em; margin-top: 1px;">This underscores the need for a nearly eightfold increase in the current pack energy density, from 250 Wh/kg to 1700 Wh/kg.</p>
<p style="font-size: 0.3em; margin-top: 30px;">*(Please scroll down using arrows)</p>
</section>
<section style="padding: 20px; text-align: center;">
<h3 style="font-size: 0.75em;">Challenges in Storage: Density and Safety</h3>
<img src="images/prob3_2.png" alt="Gravimetric and Volumetric Energy Density Issues" style="width: 25%; height: auto;">
<p style="font-size: 0.4em; margin-top:1px;">Hydrogen storage, in both its liquid and gaseous forms, presents notable challenges. These encompass safety concerns such as increased boil-off pressure and decompression waves.</p>
<p style="font-size: 0.4em; margin-top: 1px;">Liquid Hydrogen experiences boil-off losses ranging from 0.3% to 1% daily. This necessitates carrying additional fuel to offset these losses. Moreover, both the compression and liquefaction processes of Hydrogen are energy-intensive.</p>
<p style="font-size: 0.4em; margin-top: 1px;">Ammonia's challenges lie in its high toxicity, even at minimal concentrations. Methanol, on the other hand, has broader explosion limits and is toxic if ingested.</p>
<img src="images/prob4.png" alt="More Ammonia production may disturb the Nitrogen cycle" style="width: 25%; height: auto;">
<p style="font-size: 0.4em; margin-top:1px;">In a recent paper, Wolfram et al. (2022) pointed out that the scale of demand for Ammonia from Maritime transport could substantially alter the Nitrogen cycle</p>
<p style="font-size: 0.3em; margin-top: 30px;">*(Please scroll down using arrows)</p>
</section>
<section style="padding: 20px; text-align: center;">
<h2>Our Solution</h2>
<img src="images/OurSolution_3.png" alt="Comparison with Compressed Hydrogen-Fuel Cell & Battery based powertrains" style="width: 40%; height: auto;">
<p style="font-size: 0.7em; margin-top:2px;"> Our proposed solution running on Bio or Bio-E or E-Methanol can enable net-negative emissions while still retaining the powertrain mass advantage compared to Compressed Gas Hydrogen at 350/700 bar and Battery.</p>
<p style="font-size: 0.7em; margin-top:2px;"> There are also other potential circularity, energy, cost, infrastructure and safety benefits with our solution. </p>
<p style="font-size: 0.3em; margin-top: 30px;">*(Please scroll down using arrows)</p>
</section>
<section data-background="#005F56" style="text-align: center; color: #fff; padding: 50px;">
<h2>Contact Us</h2>
<p style="font-size: 0.7em; margin-bottom:30px; margin-top:10px;"> Please leave your details here. We will get back to you shortly!</p>
<form action="https://formspree.io/f/moqojrav" method="POST"
style="display: inline-block; text-align: left; max-width: 500px; margin: auto;">
<label for="name" style="display: block; margin-bottom: 10px;">Your Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" name="name"
style="width: 100%; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; background: none; border: none; border-bottom: 2px solid #fff; color: #fff;">
<label for="email" style="display: block; margin-bottom: 10px;">Your Email:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="_replyto"
style="width: 100%; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; background: none; border: none; border-bottom: 2px solid #fff; color: #fff;">
<label for="message" style="display: block; margin-bottom: 10px;">Your Message:</label>
<textarea id="message" name="message"
style="width: 100%; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; background: none; border: none; border-bottom: 2px solid #fff; color: #fff;"></textarea>
<input type="submit" value="Send"
style="background-color: #fff; color: #005F56; padding: 10px 20px; border: none; border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer;">
</form>
</section>
</section>
</div>
</div>
<script src="./dist/reveal.js"></script>
<script>
// Full list of configuration options:
// https://revealjs.revealjs.com/config/
Reveal.initialize({
center: true,
transition: 'linear',
// transitionSpeed: 'slow',
// backgroundTransition: 'slide'
});
</script>
</body>
</html>