Requirements

IDEs and frameworks

install nodeJS and npm
use VSCode, atom including a solidity linter
use truffle framework for compilation and migration
use Remix as quick alternative

useful tools

use metamask add-on to create wallet, add tokens, send transactions, etc
use myetherwallet to create wallet, contract deployment, and testing, etc

networks and testnets

local testnet such as ganache-cli, testrpc
public testnet such as ropsten, rinkeby
use geth to build mainnet or testnet node

Solidity in depth

pragma version

contract definition

state variables

bool
uint/int
string
struct
bytes
address
array
mapping
enum

Ether Units

Time Units

global states

msg
block

casting

function declaration

public/private functions

internal/external

view/pure functions

functions return values

storage vs memory

Math operations

conditional statement

for-loops*

modifier

require

payable