diff --git a/src/core/drive/history.js b/src/core/drive/history.js
index 215f56eca..45015b0cc 100644
--- a/src/core/drive/history.js
+++ b/src/core/drive/history.js
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ export class History {
   restorationData = {}
   started = false
   pageLoaded = false
+  currentIndex = 0
 
   constructor(delegate) {
     this.delegate = delegate
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ export class History {
     if (!this.started) {
       addEventListener("popstate", this.onPopState, false)
       addEventListener("load", this.onPageLoad, false)
+      this.currentIndex = history.state?.turbo?.restorationIndex || 0
       this.started = true
       this.replace(new URL(window.location.href))
     }
@@ -37,7 +39,9 @@ export class History {
   }
 
   update(method, location, restorationIdentifier = uuid()) {
-    const state = { turbo: { restorationIdentifier } }
+    if (method === history.pushState) ++this.currentIndex
+
+    const state = { turbo: { restorationIdentifier, restorationIndex: this.currentIndex } }
     method.call(history, state, "", location.href)
     this.location = location
     this.restorationIdentifier = restorationIdentifier
@@ -81,9 +85,11 @@ export class History {
       const { turbo } = event.state || {}
       if (turbo) {
         this.location = new URL(window.location.href)
-        const { restorationIdentifier } = turbo
+        const { restorationIdentifier, restorationIndex } = turbo
         this.restorationIdentifier = restorationIdentifier
-        this.delegate.historyPoppedToLocationWithRestorationIdentifier(this.location, restorationIdentifier)
+        const direction = restorationIndex > this.currentIndex ? "forward" : "back"
+        this.delegate.historyPoppedToLocationWithRestorationIdentifierAndDirection(this.location, restorationIdentifier, direction)
+        this.currentIndex = restorationIndex
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/core/drive/visit.js b/src/core/drive/visit.js
index 7fc494c19..a29c96692 100644
--- a/src/core/drive/visit.js
+++ b/src/core/drive/visit.js
@@ -36,6 +36,12 @@ export const SystemStatusCode = {
   contentTypeMismatch: -2
 }
 
+export const Direction = {
+  advance: "forward",
+  restore: "back",
+  replace: "none"
+}
+
 export class Visit {
   identifier = uuid() // Required by turbo-ios
   timingMetrics = {}
@@ -65,7 +71,8 @@ export class Visit {
       willRender,
       updateHistory,
       shouldCacheSnapshot,
-      acceptsStreamResponse
+      acceptsStreamResponse,
+      direction
     } = {
       ...defaultOptions,
       ...options
@@ -83,6 +90,7 @@ export class Visit {
     this.scrolled = !willRender
     this.shouldCacheSnapshot = shouldCacheSnapshot
     this.acceptsStreamResponse = acceptsStreamResponse
+    this.direction = direction || Direction[action]
   }
 
   get adapter() {
diff --git a/src/core/session.js b/src/core/session.js
index 44edc7856..a94bf1c91 100644
--- a/src/core/session.js
+++ b/src/core/session.js
@@ -125,11 +125,12 @@ export class Session {
 
   // History delegate
 
-  historyPoppedToLocationWithRestorationIdentifier(location, restorationIdentifier) {
+  historyPoppedToLocationWithRestorationIdentifierAndDirection(location, restorationIdentifier, direction) {
     if (this.enabled) {
       this.navigator.startVisit(location, restorationIdentifier, {
         action: "restore",
-        historyChanged: true
+        historyChanged: true,
+        direction
       })
     } else {
       this.adapter.pageInvalidated({
@@ -185,6 +186,7 @@ export class Session {
   visitStarted(visit) {
     if (!visit.acceptsStreamResponse) {
       markAsBusy(document.documentElement)
+      this.view.markVisitDirection(visit.direction)
     }
     extendURLWithDeprecatedProperties(visit.location)
     if (!visit.silent) {
@@ -193,6 +195,7 @@ export class Session {
   }
 
   visitCompleted(visit) {
+    this.view.unmarkVisitDirection()
     clearBusyState(document.documentElement)
     this.notifyApplicationAfterPageLoad(visit.getTimingMetrics())
   }
diff --git a/src/core/view.js b/src/core/view.js
index ca81e8bdb..5c62259f1 100644
--- a/src/core/view.js
+++ b/src/core/view.js
@@ -99,6 +99,14 @@ export class View {
     }
   }
 
+  markVisitDirection(direction) {
+    this.element.setAttribute("data-turbo-visit-direction", direction)
+  }
+
+  unmarkVisitDirection() {
+    this.element.removeAttribute("data-turbo-visit-direction")
+  }
+
   async renderSnapshot(renderer) {
     await renderer.render()
   }
diff --git a/src/tests/fixtures/visit.html b/src/tests/fixtures/visit.html
index f4cef2457..19e40e5bb 100644
--- a/src/tests/fixtures/visit.html
+++ b/src/tests/fixtures/visit.html
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
     <section>
       <h1>Visit</h1>
       <p><a id="same-origin-link" href="/src/tests/fixtures/one.html">Same-origin link</a></p>
+      <p><a id="same-origin-replace-link" href="/src/tests/fixtures/one.html" data-turbo-action="replace">Same-origin replace link</a></p>
       <p><a id="same-origin-link-search-params" href="/src/tests/fixtures/one.html?key=value">Same-origin link with ?key=value</a></p>
       <p><a id="sample-response" href="/src/tests/fixtures/one.html">Sample response</a></p>
       <p><a id="same-page-link" href="/src/tests/fixtures/visit.html">Same page link</a></p>
diff --git a/src/tests/functional/visit_tests.js b/src/tests/functional/visit_tests.js
index 102cc8a2b..31a11141a 100644
--- a/src/tests/functional/visit_tests.js
+++ b/src/tests/functional/visit_tests.js
@@ -6,13 +6,16 @@ import {
   getSearchParam,
   isScrolledToSelector,
   isScrolledToTop,
+  nextAttributeMutationNamed,
   nextBeat,
   nextEventNamed,
   noNextAttributeMutationNamed,
   pathname,
   readEventLogs,
+  resetMutationLogs,
   scrollToSelector,
   visitAction,
+  waitUntilNoSelector,
   willChangeBody
 } from "../helpers/page"
 
@@ -220,6 +223,55 @@ test("test Visit with network error", async ({ page }) => {
   await nextEventNamed(page, "turbo:fetch-request-error")
 })
 
+test("Visit direction data attribute when clicking a link", async ({ page }) => {
+  page.click("#same-origin-link")
+  await assertVisitDirectionAttribute(page, "forward")
+})
+
+test("Visit direction data attribute when navigating back", async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.click("#same-origin-link")
+  await nextEventNamed(page, "turbo:load")
+
+  await resetMutationLogs(page)
+
+  page.goBack()
+
+  await assertVisitDirectionAttribute(page, "back")
+})
+
+test("Visit direction attribute when navigating forward", async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.click("#same-origin-link")
+  await nextEventNamed(page, "turbo:load")
+  await page.goBack()
+  await nextEventNamed(page, "turbo:load")
+
+  page.goForward()
+
+  await assertVisitDirectionAttribute(page, "forward")
+})
+
+test("Visit direction attribute on a replace visit", async ({ page }) => {
+  page.click("#same-origin-replace-link")
+
+  await assertVisitDirectionAttribute(page, "none")
+})
+
+test("Turbo history state after a reload", async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.click("#same-origin-link")
+  await nextEventNamed(page, "turbo:load")
+  await page.reload()
+  assert.equal(
+    await page.evaluate(() => window.history.state.turbo.restorationIndex),
+    1,
+    "restorationIndex is persisted between reloads"
+  )
+})
+
 async function visitLocation(page, location) {
   return page.evaluate((location) => window.Turbo.visit(location), location)
 }
+
+async function assertVisitDirectionAttribute(page, direction) {
+  assert.equal(await nextAttributeMutationNamed(page, "html", "data-turbo-visit-direction"), direction)
+  await waitUntilNoSelector(page, "[data-turbo-visit-direction]")
+}
diff --git a/src/tests/helpers/page.js b/src/tests/helpers/page.js
index 580327d25..5d203681b 100644
--- a/src/tests/helpers/page.js
+++ b/src/tests/helpers/page.js
@@ -162,6 +162,12 @@ export function propertyForSelector(page, selector, propertyName) {
   return page.locator(selector).evaluate((element, propertyName) => element[propertyName], propertyName)
 }
 
+export function resetMutationLogs(page) {
+  return page.evaluate(() => {
+    window.mutationLogs = []
+  })
+}
+
 async function readArray(page, identifier, length) {
   return page.evaluate(
     ({ identifier, length }) => {