adapter.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""http://ginstrom.com/scribbles/2008/11/06/generic-adapter-class-in-python/"""


class Dog(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = "Dog"

    def bark(self):
        return "woof!"


class Cat(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = "Cat"

    def meow(self):
        return "meow!"


class Human(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = "Human"

    def speak(self):
        return "'hello'"


class Car(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = "Car"

    def make_noise(self, octane_level):
        return "vroom{0}".format("!" * octane_level)


class Adapter(object):
    """
    Adapts an object by replacing methods.
    Usage:
    dog = Dog
    dog = Adapter(dog, dict(make_noise=dog.bark))

    >>> objects = []
    >>> dog = Dog()
    >>> print(dog.__dict__)
    {'name': 'Dog'}
    >>> objects.append(Adapter(dog, make_noise=dog.bark))
    >>> print(objects[0].original_dict())
    {'name': 'Dog'}
    >>> cat = Cat()
    >>> objects.append(Adapter(cat, make_noise=cat.meow))
    >>> human = Human()
    >>> objects.append(Adapter(human, make_noise=human.speak))
    >>> car = Car()
    >>> car_noise = lambda: car.make_noise(3)
    >>> objects.append(Adapter(car, make_noise=car_noise))

    >>> for obj in objects:
    ...     print('A {} goes {}'.format(obj.name, obj.make_noise()))
    A Dog goes woof!
    A Cat goes meow!
    A Human goes 'hello'
    A Car goes vroom!!!
    """

    def __init__(self, obj, **adapted_methods):
        """We set the adapted methods in the object's dict"""
        self.obj = obj
        self.__dict__.update(adapted_methods)

    def __getattr__(self, attr):
        """All non-adapted calls are passed to the object"""
        return getattr(self.obj, attr)
        
    def original_dict(self):
        """Print original object dict"""
        return self.obj.__dict__

def main():
    objects = []
    dog = Dog()
    print(dog.__dict__)
    objects.append(Adapter(dog, make_noise=dog.bark))
    print(objects[0].__dict__)
    print(objects[0].original_dict())
    cat = Cat()
    objects.append(Adapter(cat, make_noise=cat.meow))
    human = Human()
    objects.append(Adapter(human, make_noise=human.speak))
    car = Car()
    objects.append(Adapter(car, make_noise=lambda: car.make_noise(3)))

    for obj in objects:
        print("A {0} goes {1}".format(obj.name, obj.make_noise()))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

### OUTPUT ###
# {'name': 'Dog'}
# {'make_noise': <bound method Dog.bark of <__main__.Dog object at 0x7f631ba3fb00>>, 'obj': <__main__.Dog object at 0x7f631ba3fb00>}
# {'name': 'Dog'}
# A Dog goes woof!
# A Cat goes meow!
# A Human goes 'hello'
# A Car goes vroom!!!