From 72347f4e036f19433baf77a12c5ecc6257dc9649 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: actlikewill Date: Wed, 11 Sep 2024 13:03:50 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 1/5] moves metadata field to coredocument model --- liiweb/views/legislation.py | 8 ++--- ..._legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py | 30 +++++++++++++++++++ .../migrations/0157_backfill_metadata_json.py | 26 ++++++++++++++++ peachjam/models/core_document_model.py | 1 + peachjam/models/generic_document.py | 3 +- 5 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) create mode 100644 peachjam/migrations/0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py create mode 100644 peachjam/migrations/0157_backfill_metadata_json.py diff --git a/liiweb/views/legislation.py b/liiweb/views/legislation.py index 6bda8b785..c3ffab41b 100644 --- a/liiweb/views/legislation.py +++ b/liiweb/views/legislation.py @@ -34,13 +34,9 @@ def get_variant_queryset(self, qs): elif self.variant == "repealed": qs = qs.filter(repealed=True) elif self.variant == "current": - qs = qs.filter( - repealed=False, metadata_json__principal=True, parent_work=None - ) + qs = qs.filter(repealed=False, principal=True, parent_work=None) elif self.variant == "subleg": - qs = qs.exclude(parent_work=None).filter( - repealed=False, metadata_json__principal=True - ) + qs = qs.exclude(parent_work=None).filter(repealed=False, principal=True) elif self.variant == "uncommenced": qs = qs.filter(metadata_json__commenced=False) elif self.variant == "recent": diff --git a/peachjam/migrations/0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py b/peachjam/migrations/0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6ef959143 --- /dev/null +++ b/peachjam/migrations/0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +# Generated by Django 4.2.15 on 2024-09-11 09:19 + +from django.db import migrations, models + + +class Migration(migrations.Migration): + + dependencies = [ + ("peachjam", "0155_entityprofile_title"), + ] + + operations = [ + migrations.RenameField( + model_name="legislation", + old_name="metadata_json", + new_name="old_metadata_json", + ), + migrations.AddField( + model_name="coredocument", + name="metadata_json", + field=models.JSONField( + blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="new metadata JSON" + ), + ), + migrations.AddField( + model_name="legislation", + name="principal", + field=models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="principal"), + ), + ] diff --git a/peachjam/migrations/0157_backfill_metadata_json.py b/peachjam/migrations/0157_backfill_metadata_json.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..635579aa2 --- /dev/null +++ b/peachjam/migrations/0157_backfill_metadata_json.py @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +# Generated by Django 4.2.15 on 2024-09-11 09:20 + +from django.db import migrations + + +def backfill_metadata_json(apps, schema_editor): + Legislation = apps.get_model("peachjam", "Legislation") + + for leg in Legislation.objects.iterator(100): + leg.metadata_json = leg.old_metadata_json + leg.principal = leg.old_metadata_json["principal"] + leg.save() + + +class Migration(migrations.Migration): + + dependencies = [ + ( + "peachjam", + "0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more", + ), + ] + + operations = [ + migrations.RunPython(backfill_metadata_json, migrations.RunPython.noop) + ] diff --git a/peachjam/models/core_document_model.py b/peachjam/models/core_document_model.py index 176b88f42..6d2c08cb8 100644 --- a/peachjam/models/core_document_model.py +++ b/peachjam/models/core_document_model.py @@ -461,6 +461,7 @@ class CoreDocument(PolymorphicModel): db_index=True, help_text=_("Is this document published and visible on the website?"), ) + metadata_json = models.JSONField(_("metadata JSON"), null=True, blank=True) # options for the FRBR URI doctypes frbr_uri_doctypes = FRBR_URI_DOCTYPES diff --git a/peachjam/models/generic_document.py b/peachjam/models/generic_document.py index 63e8c649d..6580c4272 100644 --- a/peachjam/models/generic_document.py +++ b/peachjam/models/generic_document.py @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def get_queryset(self): class Legislation(CoreDocument): objects = LegislationManager.from_queryset(CoreDocumentQuerySet)() - metadata_json = models.JSONField(_("metadata JSON"), null=False, blank=False) + old_metadata_json = models.JSONField(_("metadata JSON"), null=False, blank=False) timeline_json = models.JSONField( _("timeline JSON"), null=False, blank=False, default=list ) @@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ class Legislation(CoreDocument): parent_work = models.ForeignKey( Work, null=True, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name=_("parent work") ) + principal = models.BooleanField(_("principal"), default=False, null=False) frbr_uri_doctypes = ["act"] From 8789ece2294d5400ba29f64bc8dca00992096c6f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: actlikewill Date: Wed, 11 Sep 2024 13:05:41 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 2/5] changes verbose name --- ...me_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py | 4 +--- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/peachjam/migrations/0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py b/peachjam/migrations/0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py index 6ef959143..84f11ab8d 100644 --- a/peachjam/migrations/0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py +++ b/peachjam/migrations/0156_rename_metadata_json_legislation_old_metadata_json_and_more.py @@ -18,9 +18,7 @@ class Migration(migrations.Migration): migrations.AddField( model_name="coredocument", name="metadata_json", - field=models.JSONField( - blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="new metadata JSON" - ), + field=models.JSONField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="metadata JSON"), ), migrations.AddField( model_name="legislation", From 50d3d2a5a2652c567ded7cf3ce48f4dad07afba6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: actlikewill Date: Wed, 11 Sep 2024 13:15:00 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 3/5] allows null on old metadata json --- ...0158_alter_legislation_old_metadata_json.py | 18 ++++++++++++++++++ peachjam/models/generic_document.py | 2 +- 2 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 peachjam/migrations/0158_alter_legislation_old_metadata_json.py diff --git a/peachjam/migrations/0158_alter_legislation_old_metadata_json.py b/peachjam/migrations/0158_alter_legislation_old_metadata_json.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4cdc7b11b --- /dev/null +++ b/peachjam/migrations/0158_alter_legislation_old_metadata_json.py @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +# Generated by Django 4.2.15 on 2024-09-11 10:14 + +from django.db import migrations, models + + +class Migration(migrations.Migration): + + dependencies = [ + ("peachjam", "0157_backfill_metadata_json"), + ] + + operations = [ + migrations.AlterField( + model_name="legislation", + name="old_metadata_json", + field=models.JSONField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="metadata JSON"), + ), + ] diff --git a/peachjam/models/generic_document.py b/peachjam/models/generic_document.py index 6580c4272..1175329d7 100644 --- a/peachjam/models/generic_document.py +++ b/peachjam/models/generic_document.py @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def get_queryset(self): class Legislation(CoreDocument): objects = LegislationManager.from_queryset(CoreDocumentQuerySet)() - old_metadata_json = models.JSONField(_("metadata JSON"), null=False, blank=False) + old_metadata_json = models.JSONField(_("metadata JSON"), null=True, blank=True) timeline_json = models.JSONField( _("timeline JSON"), null=False, blank=False, default=list ) From 4781887efe2628466ae9c169c7d456c07051290a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: actlikewill Date: Thu, 12 Sep 2024 05:51:02 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 4/5] fixes document fixtures --- .../fixtures/documents/sample_documents.json | 1352 ++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 676 insertions(+), 676 deletions(-) diff --git a/peachjam/fixtures/documents/sample_documents.json b/peachjam/fixtures/documents/sample_documents.json index 90aeb4e10..5d86ed516 100644 --- a/peachjam/fixtures/documents/sample_documents.json +++ b/peachjam/fixtures/documents/sample_documents.json @@ -5825,6 +5825,136 @@ "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31/!main~dvs_nn_10" } ], + "metadata_json": { + "amendments": [], + "work_amendments": [{ + "date": "2020-08-07", + "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/r868", + "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" + }, + { + "date": "2020-12-03", + "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/1278", + "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" + }, { + "date": "2020-12-15", + "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/1360", + "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" + }, { + "date": "2021-03-19", + "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2021/240", + "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" + }, { + "date": "2022-03-19", + "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2022/240", + "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" + } + ], + "as_at_date": null, + "assent_date": null, + "commenced": true, + "commencement_date": "2009-12-18", + "commencing_work": null, + "country": "aa", + "created_at": "2022-08-15T18:01:56.600733Z", + "custom_properties": [], + "expression_date": "2005-01-31", + "expression_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31", + "frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence", + "language": "eng", + "links": [ + { + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.html", + "mediaType": "text/html", + "rel": "alternate", + "title": "HTML" + }, + { + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.html?standalone=1", + "mediaType": "text/html", + "rel": "alternate", + "title": "Standalone HTML" + }, + { + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.xml", + "mediaType": "application/xml", + "rel": "alternate", + "title": "Akoma Ntoso" + }, + { + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.pdf", + "mediaType": "application/pdf", + "rel": "alternate", + "title": "PDF" + }, + { + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.epub", + "mediaType": "application/epub+zip", + "rel": "alternate", + "title": "ePUB" + }, + { + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31/toc.json", + "mediaType": "application/json", + "rel": "toc", + "title": "Table of Contents" + }, + { + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31/media.json", + "mediaType": "application/json", + "rel": "media", + "title": "Media" + } + ], + "locality": "au", + "nature": "act", + "number": "non-aggression-and-common-defence", + "numbered_title": null, + "parent_work": null, + "points_in_time": [ + { + "date": "2005-01-31", + "expressions": [ + { + "expression_date": "2005-01-31", + "expression_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31", + "language": "eng", + "title": "African Union Non-Aggression and Common Defence Pact", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31" + } + ] + } + ], + "publication_date": null, + "publication_document": { + "filename": "aa-au-act-pact-2005-non-aggression-and-common-defence-publication-document.pdf", + "mime_type": "application/pdf", + "size": 15720193, + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/media/publication/aa-au-act-pact-2005-non-aggression-and-common-defence-publication-document.pdf" + }, + "publication_name": null, + "publication_number": null, + "repeal": null, + "stub": false, + "subtype": "pact", + "taxonomies": [ + { + "title": "Special Collections", + "topics": [ + { + "level_1": "AGP", + "level_2": "Peace & Security" + } + ], + "vocabulary": "lawsafrica-special" + } + ], + "title": "African Union Non-Aggression and Common Defence Pact", + "type_name": "Pact", + "updated_at": "2022-08-31T10:30:10.487787Z", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31", + "year": "2005" + }, "updated_at": "2022-08-31T13:53:09.750Z", "work": 3689, "work_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence" @@ -6125,30 +6255,13 @@ "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17/!main~subdvs_nn_6" } ], - "updated_at": "2022-08-31T18:41:28.787Z", - "work": 3704, - "work_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission" - }, - "model": "peachjam.coredocument", - "pk": 5549 - }, - { - "fields": { - "frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission", - "title": "African Civil Aviation Commission Constitution (AFCAC)" - }, - "model": "peachjam.work", - "pk": 3704 - }, - { - "fields": { "metadata_json": { "amendments": [], "work_amendments": [{ - "date": "2020-08-07", - "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/r868", - "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" - }, + "date": "2020-08-07", + "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/r868", + "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" + }, { "date": "2020-12-03", "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/1278", @@ -6170,54 +6283,54 @@ "as_at_date": null, "assent_date": null, "commenced": true, - "commencement_date": "2009-12-18", + "commencement_date": "1972-03-15", "commencing_work": null, "country": "aa", - "created_at": "2022-08-15T18:01:56.600733Z", + "created_at": "2022-08-30T10:11:39.239608Z", "custom_properties": [], - "expression_date": "2005-01-31", - "expression_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31", - "frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence", + "expression_date": "1969-01-17", + "expression_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17", + "frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission", "language": "eng", "links": [ { - "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.html", + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17.html", "mediaType": "text/html", "rel": "alternate", "title": "HTML" }, { - "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.html?standalone=1", + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17.html?standalone=1", "mediaType": "text/html", "rel": "alternate", "title": "Standalone HTML" }, { - "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.xml", + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17.xml", "mediaType": "application/xml", "rel": "alternate", "title": "Akoma Ntoso" }, { - "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.pdf", + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17.pdf", "mediaType": "application/pdf", "rel": "alternate", "title": "PDF" }, { - "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31.epub", + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17.epub", "mediaType": "application/epub+zip", "rel": "alternate", "title": "ePUB" }, { - "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31/toc.json", + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17/toc.json", "mediaType": "application/json", "rel": "toc", "title": "Table of Contents" }, { - "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31/media.json", + "href": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17/media.json", "mediaType": "application/json", "rel": "media", "title": "Media" @@ -6225,53 +6338,70 @@ ], "locality": "au", "nature": "act", - "number": "non-aggression-and-common-defence", + "number": "civil-aviation-commission", "numbered_title": null, "parent_work": null, "points_in_time": [ { - "date": "2005-01-31", + "date": "1969-01-17", "expressions": [ { - "expression_date": "2005-01-31", - "expression_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31", + "expression_date": "1969-01-17", + "expression_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17", "language": "eng", - "title": "African Union Non-Aggression and Common Defence Pact", - "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31" + "title": "African Civil Aviation Commission Constitution (AFCAC)", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17" } ] } ], "publication_date": null, "publication_document": { - "filename": "aa-au-act-pact-2005-non-aggression-and-common-defence-publication-document.pdf", + "filename": "aa-au-act-1969-civil-aviation-commission-publication-document.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", - "size": 15720193, - "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/media/publication/aa-au-act-pact-2005-non-aggression-and-common-defence-publication-document.pdf" + "size": 15141268, + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/media/publication/aa-au-act-1969-civil-aviation-commission-publication-document.pdf" }, "publication_name": null, "publication_number": null, "repeal": null, "stub": false, - "subtype": "pact", + "subtype": null, "taxonomies": [ { "title": "Special Collections", "topics": [ { "level_1": "AGP", - "level_2": "Peace & Security" + "level_2": "Energy & Infrastructure" } ], "vocabulary": "lawsafrica-special" } ], - "title": "African Union Non-Aggression and Common Defence Pact", - "type_name": "Pact", - "updated_at": "2022-08-31T10:30:10.487787Z", - "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/pact/2005/non-aggression-and-common-defence/eng@2005-01-31", - "year": "2005" + "title": "African Civil Aviation Commission Constitution (AFCAC)", + "type_name": "Act", + "updated_at": "2022-08-31T18:40:43.465530Z", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission/eng@1969-01-17", + "year": "1969" }, + "updated_at": "2022-08-31T18:41:28.787Z", + "work": 3704, + "work_frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission" + }, + "model": "peachjam.coredocument", + "pk": 5549 + }, + { + "fields": { + "frbr_uri": "/akn/aa-au/act/1969/civil-aviation-commission", + "title": "African Civil Aviation Commission Constitution (AFCAC)" + }, + "model": "peachjam.work", + "pk": 3704 + }, + { + "fields": { "timeline_json": [ { "date": "2020-12-15", @@ -6324,136 +6454,6 @@ }, { "fields": { - "metadata_json": { - "amendments": [], - "work_amendments": [{ - "date": "2020-08-07", - "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/r868", - "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" - }, - { - "date": "2020-12-03", - "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/1278", - "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" - }, { - "date": "2020-12-15", - "amending_uri": "/akn/za/act/gn/2020/1360", - "amending_title": "Department of Health: Directions to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19: Amendment" - }, { - "date": "2021-03-19", - "amending_uri": 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\n \n\n \n
\n \n South Africa\n
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Divorce Act, 1979

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Act 70 of 1979

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    \n \n \n
  • \n \n \n \n \n Published in Government Gazette no. 6506 on 15 June 1979\n \n \n\n \n
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  • \n Assented to on 8 June 1979\n
    • \n \n \n\n \n \n \n
  • \n \n Commenced on 1 July 1979\n \n \n \n \n
    • \n \n \n
  • Note: See section 19
    • \n \n \n \n\n \n \n
  • \n [This is the version of this document from 22 October 2020.]\n
    • \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n
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    \n \n
  1. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Matrimonial Property Act, 1984 (Act 88 of 1984) on 1 November 1984]\n \n \n
    2. \n \n
  2. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Transfer of Powers and Duties of the State President Act, 1986 (Act 97 of 1986) on 3 October 1986]\n \n \n
    3. \n \n
  3. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Marriage and Matrimonial Property Law Amendment Act, 1988 (Act 3 of 1988) on 2 December 1988]\n \n \n
    4. \n \n
  4. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Divorce Amendment Act, 1989 (Act 7 of 1989) on 1 August 1989]\n \n \n
    5. \n \n
  5. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act, 1987 (Act 24 of 1987) on 1 October 1990]\n \n \n
    6. \n \n
  6. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Divorce Amendment Act, 1992 (Act 44 of 1992) on 15 April 1992]\n \n \n
    7. \n \n
  7. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Domicile Act, 1992 (Act 3 of 1992) on 1 August 1992]\n \n \n
    8. \n \n
  8. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Divorce Amendment Act, 1996 (Act 95 of 1996) on 22 November 1996]\n \n \n
    9. \n \n
  9. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Justice Laws Rationalisation Act, 1996 (Act 18 of 1996) on 1 April 1997]\n \n \n
    10. \n \n
  10. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Divorce Courts Amendment Act, 1997 (Act 65 of 1997) on 6 April 1998]\n \n \n
    11. \n \n
  11. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Films and Publications Act, 1996 (Act 65 of 1996) on 1 June 1998]\n \n \n
    12. \n \n
  12. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Judicial Matters Second Amendment Act, 2003 (Act 55 of 2003) on 31 March 2005]\n \n \n
    13. \n \n
  13. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Jurisdiction of Regional Courts Amendment Act, 2008 (Act 31 of 2008) on 9 August 2010]\n \n \n
    14. \n \n
  14. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Judicial Matters Amendment Act, 2020 (Act 12 of 2020) on 22 October 2020]\n \n \n
    15. \n \n\n \n
\n\n\n \n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
(Afrikaans text signed by the Acting State President)ACTTo amend the law relating to divorce and to provide for incidental matters.BE IT ENACTED by the State President, the Senate and the House of Assembly of the Republic of South Africa, as follows:—

1. Definitions

\n
(1)In this Act, unless inconsistent with the context—\"court\" means any High Court as contemplated in section 166 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, or a court for a regional division contemplated in section 29(1B) of the Magistrates' Courts Act, 1944 (Act No. 32 of 1944), which has jurisdiction with respect to a divorce action;[definition of \"court\" substituted by section 4 of Act 65 of 1997 and by section 10(2) of Act 31 of 2008]\"divorce action\" means an action by which a decree of divorce or other relief in connection therewith is applied for, and includes—(a)an application pendente life for an interdict or for the interim custody of, or access to, a minor child of the marriage concerned or for the payment of maintenance; or(b)an application for a contribution towards the costs of such action or to institute such action, or make such application, in forma pauperis, or for the substituted service of process in, or the edictal citation of a party to, such action or such application;\"pension fund\" means a pension fund as defined in section 1(1) of the Pension Funds Act, 1956 (Act No. 24 of 1956), irrespective of whether the provisions of that Act apply to the pension fund or not;[definition of \"pension fund\" added by section 1 of Act 7 of 1989]\"pension interest\", in relation to a party to a divorce action who-(a)is a member of a pension fund (excluding a retirement annuity fund), means the benefits to which that party as such a member would have been entitled in terms of the rules of that fund if his membership of the fund would have been terminated on the date of the divorce on account of his resignation from his office;(b)is a member of a retirement annuity fund which was bona fide established for the purpose of providing life annuities for the members of the fund, and which is a pension fund, means the total amount of that party's contributions to the fund up to the date of the divorce, together with a total amount of annual simple interest on those contributions up to that date, calculated at the same rate as the rate prescribed as at that date by the Minister of Justice in terms of section 1(2) of the Prescribed Rate of Interest Act, 1975 (Act No. 55 of 1975), for the purposes of that Act;[definition of \"pension interest\" added by section 1 of Act 7 of 1989]\"rules\", in relation to a pension fund, means rules as defined in section 1(1) of the Pension Funds Act, 1956.[definition of \"rules\" added by section 1 of Act 7 of 1989]
(2)For the purposes of this Act a divorce action shall be deemed to be instituted on the date on which the summons is issued or the notice of motion is filed or the notice is delivered in terms of the rules of court, as the case may be.

2. Jurisdiction

\n
(1)A court shall have jurisdiction in a divorce action if the parties are or either of the parties is—
(a)domiciled in the area of jurisdiction of the court on the date on which the action is instituted; or
(b)ordinarily resident in the area of jurisdiction of the court on the said date and have or has been ordinarily resident in the Republic for a period of not less than one year immediately prior to that date.
[subsection (1) substituted by section 6(a) of Act 3 of 1992]
(2)A court which has jurisdiction in terms of subsection (1) shall also have jurisdiction in respect of a claim in reconvention or a counter-application in the divorce action concerned.[subsection (2) amended by section 6(b) of Act 3 of 1992]
(3)A court which has jurisdiction in terms of this section in a case where the parties are or either of the parties is not domiciled in the Republic shall determine any issue in accordance with the law which would have been applicable had the parties been domiciled in the area of jurisdiction of the court concerned on the date on which the divorce action was instituted.[subsection (3) substituted by section 6(c) of Act 3 of 1992]
(4)The provisions of this Act shall not derogate from the jurisdiction which a court has in terms of any other law or the common law.

3. Dissolution of marriage and grounds of divorce

\nA marriage may be dissolved by a court by a decree of divorce and the only grounds on which such a decree may be granted are—
(a)the irretrievable break-down of the marriage as contemplated in section 4;
(b)the mental illness or the continuous unconsciousness, as contemplated in section 5, of a party to the marriage.

4. Irretrievable break-down of marriage as ground of divorce

\n
(1)A court may grant a decree of divorce on the ground of the irretrievable break-down of a marriage if it is satisfied that the marriage relationship between the parties to the marriage has reached such a state of disintegration that there is no reasonable prospect of the restoration of a normal marriage relationship between them.
(2)Subject to the provisions of subsection (1), and without excluding any facts or circumstances which may be indicative of the irretrievable break-down of a marriage, the court may accept evidence—
(a)that the parties have not lived together as husband and wife for a continuous period of at least one year immediately prior to the date of the institution of the divorce action;
(b)that the defendant has committed adultery and that the plaintiff finds it irreconcilable with a continued marriage relationship; or
(c)that the defendant has in terms of a sentence of a court been declared an habitual criminal and is undergoing imprisonment as a result of such sentence,
as proof of the irretrievable break-down of a marriage,
(3)If it appears to the court that there is a reasonable possibility that the parties may become reconciled through marriage counsel, treatment or reflection, the court may postpone the proceedings in order that the parties may attempt a reconcilation.
(4)Where a divorce action which is not defended is postponed in terms of subsection (3), the court may direct that the action be tried de novo, on the date of resumption thereof, by any other judge of the court concerned.

5. Mental illness or continuous unconsciousness as grounds of divorce

\n
(1)A court may grant a decree of divorce on the ground of the mental illness of the defendant if it is satisfied—
(a)that the defendant in terms of the Mental Health Act, 1973 (Act No. 18 of 1973)—
(i)has been admitted as a patient to an institution in terms of a reception order;
(ii)is being detained as a State patient at an institution or other place specified by the Minister of Correctional Services; or[sub-paragraph (ii) amended by section 4 of Act 18 of 1996]
(iii)is being detained as a mentally ill convicted prisoner at an institution, and that he has, for a continuous period of at least two years immediately prior to the institution of the divorce action, not been discharged unconditionally as such a patient, State patient or mentally ill prisoner; and[sub-paragraph (iii) amended by section 4 of Act 18 of 1996]
(b)after having heard the evidence of at least two psychiatrists, of whom one shall have been appointed by the court, that the defendant is mentally ill and that there is no reasonable prospect that he will be cured of his mental illness.
(2)A court may grant a decree of divorce on the ground that the defendant is by reason of a physical disorder in a state of continuous unconsciousness, if it is satisfied—
(a)that the defendant’s unconsciousness has lasted for a continuous period of at least six months immediately prior to the institution of the divorce action; and
(b)after having heard the evidence of at least two medical practitioners, of whom one shall be a neurologist or a neurosurgeon appointed by the court, that there is no reasonable prospect that the defendant will regain consciousness.
(3)The court may appoint a legal practitioner to represent the defendant at proceedings under this section and order the plaintiff to pay the costs of such representation.
(4)The court may make any order it may deem fit with regard to the furnishing of security by the plaintiff in respect of any patrimonial benefits to which the defendant may be entitled by reason of the dissolution of the marriage.
(5)For the purposes of this section the expressions \"institution\", \"mental illness\", \"patient\", \"State patient\" and \"reception order\" shall bear the meaning assigned to them in the Mental Health Act, 1973.[section 5 amended by section 4 of Act 18 of 1996]

5A. Refusal to grant divorce

\nIf it appears to a court in divorce proceedings that despite the granting of a decree of divorce by the court the spouses or either one of them will, by reason of the prescripts of their religion or the religion of either one of them, not be free to remarry unless the marriage is also dissolved in accordance with such prescripts or unless a barrier to the remarriage of the spouse concerned is removed, the court may refuse to grant a decree of divorce unless the court is satisfied that the spouse within whose power it is to have the marriage so dissolved or the said barrier so removed, has taken all the necessary steps to have the marriage so dissolved or the barrier to the remarriage of the other spouse removed or the court may make any other order that it finds just.[section 5A inserted by section 1 of Act 95 of 1996]

6. Safeguarding of interests of dependent and minor children

\n
(1)A decree of divorce shall not be granted until the court—
(a)is satisfied that the provisions made or contemplated with regard to the welfare of any minor or dependent child of the marriage are satisfactory or are the best that can be effected in the circumstances; and
(b)if an enquiry is instituted by the Family Advocate in terms of section 4 (1) (a) or (2) (a) of the Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act, 1987, has considered the report and recommendations referred to in the said section 4 (1).
[subsection (1) substituted by section 6 of Act 24 of 1987]
(2)For the purposes of subsection (1) the court may cause any investigation which it may deem necessary, to be carried out and may order any person to appear before it and may order the parties or any one of them to pay the costs of the investigation and appearance.
(3)A court granting a decree of divorce may, in regard to the maintenance of a dependent child of the marriage or the custody or guardianship of, or access to, a minor child of the marriage, make any order which it may deem fit, and may in particular, if in its opinion it would be in the interests of such minor child to do so, grant to either parent the sole guardianship (which shall include the power to consent to the marriage of the child) or the sole custody of the minor, arid the court may order that, on the predecease of the parent to whom the sole guardianship of the minor is granted, a person other than the surviving parent shall be the guardian of the minor, either jointly with or to the exclusion of the surviving parent.
(4)For the purposes of this section the court may appoint a legal practitioner to represent a child at the proceedings and may order the parties or any one of them to pay the costs of the representation.

7. Division of assets and maintenance of parties

\n
(1)A court granting a decree of divorce may in accordance with a written agreement between the parties make an order with regard to the division of the assets of the parties or the payment of maintenance by the one party to the other.
(2)In the absence of an order made in terms of subsection (1) with regard to the payment of maintenance by the one party to the other, the court may, having regard to the existing or prospective means of each of the parties, their respective earning capacities, financial needs and obligations, the age of each of the parties, the duration of the marriage, the standard of living of the parties prior to the divorce, their conduct in so far as it may be relevant to the break-down of the marriage, an order in terms of subsection (3) and any other factor which in the opinion of the court should be taken into account, make an order which the court finds just in respect of the payment of maintenance by the one party to the other for any period until the death or remarriage of the party in whose favour the order is given, whichever event may first occur.[subsection (2) substituted by section 36(a) of Act 88 of 1984]
(3)A court granting a decree of divorce in respect of a marriage out of community of property—
(a)entered into before the commencement of the Matrimonial Property Act, 1984, in terms of an antenuptial contract by which community of property, community of profit and loss and accrual sharing in any form are excluded;[Please note: The High Court of South Africa, Gauteng Division, Pretoria has declared section 7(3)(a) \"inconsistent with the Constitution and invalid to the extent that the provision limits the operation of section 7(3) of the Divorce Act to marriages out of community of property entered into before the commencement of the Matrimonial Property Act\". See full judgement here: Greyling v Minister of Home Affairs and Others (40023 of 2021) [2022] ZAGPPHC 3 (11 May 2022)]
(b)entered into before the commencement of the Marriage and Matrimonial Property Law Amendment Act, 1988, in terms of section 22(6) of the Black Administration Act, 1927 (Act No. 38 of 1927), as it existed immediately prior to its repeal by the said Marriage and Matrimonial Property Law Amendment Act, 1988; or
(c)entered into in terms of any law applicable in a former homeland, without entering into an antenuptial contract or agreement in terms of such law,
may, subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (6), on application by one of the parties to that marriage, in the absence of any agreement between them regarding the division of their assets, order that such assets, or such part of the assets, of the other party as the court may deem just, be transferred to the first-mentioned.[subsection (3) added by section 36(b) of Act 88 of 1984 and substituted by section 2(a) of Act 3 of 1988 and by section 1 of Act 12 of 2020]
(4)An order under subsection (3) shall not be granted unless the court is satisfied that it is equitable and just by reason of the fact that the party in whose favour the order is granted, contributed directly or indirectly to the maintenance or increase of the estate of the other party during the subsistence of the marriage, either by the rendering of services, or the saving of expenses which would otherwise have been incurred, or in any other manner.[subsection (4) added by section 36(b) of Act 88 of 1984]
(5)In the determination of the assets or part of the assets to be transferred as contemplated in subsection (3), the court shall, apart from any direct or indirect contribution made by the party concerned to the maintenance or increase of the estate of the other party as contemplated in subsection (4), also take into account-
(a)the existing means and obligations of the parties, including any obligation that a husband to a marriage as contemplated in subsection 3(b) of this section may have in terms of section 22(7) of the Black Administration Act, 1927 (Act No. 38 of 1927);
(b)any donation made by one party to the other during the subsistence of the marriage, or which is owing and enforceable in terms of the antenuptial contract concerned;
(c)any order which the court grants under section 9 of this Act or under any other law which affects the patrimonial position of the parties; and
(d)any other factor which should in the opinion of the court be taken into account.
[subsection (5) added by section 36(b) of Act 88 of 1984 and substituted by section 2(b) of Act 3 of 1988]
(5A)Refusal to grant divorceIf it appears to a court in divorce proceedings that despite the granting of a decree of divorce by the court the spouses or either one of them will, by reason of the prescripts of their religion or the religion of either one of them, not be free to remarry unless the marriage is also dissolved in accordance with such prescripts or unless a barrier to the remarriage of the spouse concerned is removed, the court may refuse to grant a decree of divorce unless the court is satisfied that the spouse within whose power it is to have the marriage so dissolved or the said barrier so removed, has taken all the necessary steps to have the marriage so dissolved or the barrier to the remarriage of the other spouse removed or the court may make any other order that it finds just.[section (5A) inserted by section 1 of Act 95 of 1996]
(6)A court granting an order under subsection (3) may, on application by the party against whom the order is granted, order that satisfaction of the order be deferred on such conditions, including conditions relating to the furnishing of security, the payment of interest, the payment of instalments, and the delivery or transfer of specified assets, as the court may deem just.[subsection (6) added by section 36(b) of Act 88 of 1984]
(7)
(a)In the determination of the patrimonial benefits to which the parties to any divorce action may be entitled, the pension interest of a party shall, subject to paragraphs (b) and (c), be deemed to be part of his assets.
(b)The amount so deemed to be part of a party's assets, shall be reduced by any amount of his pension interest which, by virtue of paragraph (a), in a previous divorce-
(i)was paid over or awarded to another party; or
(ii)for the purposes of an agreement contemplated in subsection (1), was accounted in favour of another party.
(c)Paragraph (a) shall not apply to a divorce action in respect of a marriage out of community of property entered into on or after 1 November 1984 in terms of an antenuptial contract by which community of property, community of profit and loss and the accrual system are excluded.
[subsection (7) added by section 2 of Act 7 of 1989]
(8)Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law or of the rules of any pension fund-
(a)the court granting a decree of divorce in respect of a member of such a fund, may make an order that-
(i)any part of the pension interest of that member which, by virtue of subsection (7), is due or assigned to the other party to the divorce action concerned, shall be paid by that fund to that other party when any pension benefits accrue in respect of that member;
(ii)the registrar of the court in question forthwith notify the fund concerned that an endorsement be made in the records of that fund that that part of the pension interest concerned is so payable to that other party and that the administrator of the pension fund furnish proof of such endorsement to the registrar, in writing, within one month of receipt of such notification;[subparagraph (ii) substituted by section 11 of Act 55 of 2003]
(b)any law which applies in relation to the reduction, assignment, transfer, cession, pledge, hypothecation or attachment of the pension benefits, or any right in respect thereof, in that fund, shall apply mutatis mutandis with regard to the right of that other party in respect of that part of the pension interest concerned.
[subsection (8) added by section 2 of Act 7 of 1989]
(9)When a court grants a decree of divorce in respect of a marriage the patrimonial consequences of which are according to the rules of the South African private international law governed by the law of a foreign state, the court shall have the same power as a competent court of the foreign state concerned would have had at that time to order that assets be transferred from one spouse to the other spouse.[subsection (9) added by section 1 of Act 44 of 1992]

8. Rescission, suspension or variation of orders

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(1)Any candidate attorney who has satisfied all the requirements for the degree referred to in paragraph (a) of section 2(1), or for the degrees referred to in paragraph (aA) of that section, or for a degree or degrees referred to in paragraph (aB) of that section in respect of which a certification in accordance with that paragraph has been done, shall be entitled to appear in any court, other than High Court, and before any board, tribunal or similar institution in or before which his or her principal is entitled to appear, instead of and on behalf of such principal who shall be entitled to charge the fees for such appearance as if he or she himself or herself had appeared: Provided that such a candidate attorney shall not be entitled to appear in a court of a regional division established under section 2 of the Magistrates' Courts Act, 1944 (Act No. 32 of 1944), unless he or she—
(i)has previously practised as an advocate for at least a year; or
(ii)has served for at least one year under his articles or contract of service; or
(iii)has at least one year's experience as a state advocate, state prosecutor or magistrate.
[subsection (1) substituted by section 7 of Act 24 of 198 and section 10(2) of Act 31 of 2008]
(2)A court other than the court which made an order referred to in subsection (1) may rescind, vary or suspend such order if the parties are domiciled in the area of jurisdiction of such first-mentioned court or the applicant is domiciled in the area of jurisdiction of such first-mentioned court and the respondent consents to the jurisdiction of that court.
(3)The provisions of subsections (1) and (2) shall mutatis mutandis apply with reference to any order referred to in subsection (1) given by a court in a divorce action before the commencement of this Act.

9. Forfeiture of patrimonial benefits of marriage

\n
(1)When a decree of divorce is granted on the ground of the irretrievable break-down of a marriage the court may make an order that the patrimonial benefits of the marriage be forfeited by one party in favour of the other, either wholly or in part, if the court, having regard to the duration of the marriage, the circumstances which gave rise to the break-down thereof and any substantial misconduct on the part of either of the parties, is satisfied that, if the order for forfeiture is not made, the one party will in relation to the other be unduly benefited.
(2)In the case of a decree of divorce granted on the ground of the mental illness or continuous unconsciousness of the defendant, no order for the forfeiture of any patrimonial benefits of the marriage shall be made against the defendant.

10. Costs

\nIn a divorce action the court shall not be bound to make an order for costs in favour of the successful party, but the court may, having regard to the means of the parties, and their conduct in so far as it may be relevant, make such order as it considers just, and the court may order that the costs of the proceedings be apportioned between the parties.

11. Procedure

\nThe procedure applicable with reference to a divorce action shall be the procedure prescribed from time to time by rules of court.

12. Limitation of publication of particulars of divorce action\n

\n
(1)Except for making known or publishing the names of the parties to a divorce action, or that a divorce action between the parties is pending in a court of law, or the judgement or order of the court, no person shall make known in public or publish for the information of the public or any section of the public any particulars of a divorce action or any information which comes to light in the course of such an action.
(2)The provisions of subsection (1) shall not apply with reference to the publication of particulars or information—
(a)for the purposes of the administration of justice;
(b)in a bona fide law report which does not form part of any other publication than a series of reports of the proceedings in courts of law; or
(c)for the advancement of or use in a particular profession or science.
(3)The provisions of subsections (1) and (2) shall mutatis mutandis apply with reference to proceedings relating to the enforcement or variation of any order made in terms of this Act as well as in relation to any enquiry instituted by a Family Advocate in terms of the Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act, 1987.[subsection (3) substituted by section 8 of Act 24 of 1987]
(4)Any person who in contravention of this section publishes any particulars or information shall be guilty of an offence and liable on conviction to a fine, not exceeding one thousand rand or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year or to both such fine and such imprisonment.

13. Recognition of certain foreign divorce orders

\nThe validity of a divorce order or an order for the annulment of a marriage or for judicial separation granted in a court of a foreign country or territory shall be recognized by a court in the Republic if, on the date on which the order was granted, either party to the marriage-
(a)was domiciled in the country or territory concerned, whether according to South African law or according to the law of that country or territory;
(b)was ordinarily resident in that country or territory; or
(c)was a national of that country or territory.
[section 13 amended by sections 46 and 47 of Act 97 of 1986 and substituted by section 7 of Act 3 of 1992]

14. Abolition of orders for restitution of conjugal rights and judicial separation

\nIt shall not be competent for a court to issue an order for the restitution of conjugal rights or for judicial separation.

15. Application of Act

\nThis Act shall not apply with reference to a divorce action or proceedings for the restitution of conjugal rights or for judicial separation instituted before the commencement of this Act.

16. Amendment of section 5 of Act 37 of 1953, as amended by section 2 of Act 13 of 1966\n

\nSection 5 of the Matrimonial Affairs Act, 1953, is hereby amended—
(a)by the substitution for subsection (1) of the following subsection:\"(1) Any provincial or local division of the Supreme Court or any judge thereof may, on the application of either parent of a minor whose parents are divorced or are living apart, in regard to the custody or guardianship of, or access to, the minor, make any order which it may deem fit, and may in particular, if in its opinion it would be in the interests of such minor to do so, grant to either parent the sole guardianship (which shall include the power to consent to the marriage of the child) or the sole custody of the minor, and the court may order that, on the predecease of the parent to whom the sole guardianship of the minor is granted, a person other than the surviving parent shall be the guardian of the minor, either jointly with or to the exclusion of the surviving parent.\";
(b)by the substitution for subsection (2) of the following subsection:\"(2) An order under subsection (1) in regard to a minor whose parents are living apart shall, if the parents become reconciled and live together again as husband and wife, lapse with effect from the date on which the parents commence to live together again.\";
(c)by the substitution for subsection (3) of the following subsection:\"(3) Subject to any order of court—
(a)a parent to whom the sole guardianship or custody of a minor has been granted under subsection (1) or the Divorce Act, 1979, or a father or a mother upon whom a children’s court has under section 60 (1) of the Children’s Act, 1960 (Act No. 33 of 1960), conferred the exclusive right to exercise any parental powers in regard to a minor, may by testamentary disposition appoint any person to be the sole guardian or to be vested with the sole custody of the minor, as the case may be; and
(b)the father of a minor to whom the sole guardianship of the minor has not been granted under subsection (1) or the Divorce Act, 1979, or upon whom a children’s court has not conferred the exclusive right to exercise any parental powers in regard to the minor, shall not be entitled by testamentary disposition to appoint any person as the guardian of the minor in any other manner than to act jointly with the mother.\"; and
(d)by the substitution for subsection (6) of the following subsection:\"(6) If an order under section 60 of the Children’s Act, 1960, is rescinded, or if an order under subsection (1) of this section or under the Divorce Act, 1979, granting the sole guardianship or custody of a minor to a parent, lapses or is rescinded or is varied in such a manner that the parent is no longer the sole guardian or vested with the sole custody of the minor, any disposition under subsection (3)(a) shall lapse.\".
.

17. Amendment of section 72 of Act 66 of 1965, as amended by section 7 of Act 54 of 1970\n

\nSection 72 of the Administration of Estates Act, 1965, is hereby amended by the substitution for that part of subsection (1) which precedes paragraph (b) thereof, of the following:\"(1) The Master shall, subject to the provisions of subsection (3) and to any applicable provision of section 5 of the Matrimonial Affairs Act, 1953 (Act No. 37 of 1953), and section 4 of the Matrimonial Affairs Ordinance, 1955 (Ordinance No. 25 of 1955), of the territory, or any order of court made under any such provision or any provision of the Divorce Act, 1979, on the written application of any person—
(a)who has been nominated by will or written instrument—
(i)by the father of a legitimate minor, who has not been deprived, as a result of an order under subsection (1) of the said section 5 or subsection (1) of the said section 4 or the Divorce Act, 1979, of the guardianship of such minor, or under section 60 of the Children’s Act, 1960 (Act No. 33 of 1960), or section 58 of the Children’s Ordinance, 1961 (Ordinance No. 31 of 1961), of the territory, of his parental powers over him; or
(ii)by the mother of an illegitimate minor or of a legitimate minor whose father is dead, who has not been so deprived of the guardianship of such minor or of her, parental powers over him; or
(iii)by the parent to whom the sole guardianship of a minor has been granted under subsection (1) of the said section 5 or under subsection (1) of the said section 4 or under the Divorce Act, 1979, or on whom the exclusive right to exercise parental powers in regard to a minor has been conferred under the said section 60 or the said section 58,
to administer the property of such minor and to take care of his person as tutor, or to take care of or administer his property as curator; or\".

18. Repeal of laws

\nThe laws mentioned in the Schedule are hereby repealed to the extent set out in the third column of the Schedule.

19. Short title and commencement

\nThis Act shall be called the Divorce Act, 1979, and shall come into operation on 1 July 1979.
\n

Schedule

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No. and year of lawShort titleExtent of repeal
Act No. 32 of 1935Divorce Laws Amendment Act, 1935The whole
Act No. 22 of 1939Matrimonial Causes Jurisdiction Act, 1939The whole
Act No. 17 of 1943Matrimonial Causes Jurisdiction Amendment Act, 1943The whole
Act No. 35 of 1945Matrimonial Causes Jurisdiction Act, 1945The whole
Act No. 37 of 1953Matrimonial Affairs Act, 1953Sections 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10
Act No. 70 of 1968General Law Amendment Act, 1968Sections 21, 22 and 23
[item repealed by section 33 of Act 65 of 1996]
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\n \n\n \n
\n \n South Africa\n
\n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n

Divorce Act, 1979

\n \n\n \n \n \n

Act 70 of 1979

\n \n \n \n\n \n
    \n \n \n
  • \n \n \n \n \n Published in Government Gazette no. 6506 on 15 June 1979\n \n \n\n \n
    • \n \n\n\n \n \n
  • \n Assented to on 8 June 1979\n
    • \n \n \n\n \n \n \n
  • \n \n Commenced on 1 July 1979\n \n \n \n \n
    • \n \n \n
  • Note: See section 19
    • \n \n \n \n\n \n \n
  • \n [This is the version of this document from 22 October 2020.]\n
    • \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n\n \n \n\n\n
    \n \n
  1. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Matrimonial Property Act, 1984 (Act 88 of 1984) on 1 November 1984]\n \n \n
    2. \n \n
  2. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Transfer of Powers and Duties of the State President Act, 1986 (Act 97 of 1986) on 3 October 1986]\n \n \n
    3. \n \n
  3. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Marriage and Matrimonial Property Law Amendment Act, 1988 (Act 3 of 1988) on 2 December 1988]\n \n \n
    4. \n \n
  4. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Divorce Amendment Act, 1989 (Act 7 of 1989) on 1 August 1989]\n \n \n
    5. \n \n
  5. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act, 1987 (Act 24 of 1987) on 1 October 1990]\n \n \n
    6. \n \n
  6. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Divorce Amendment Act, 1992 (Act 44 of 1992) on 15 April 1992]\n \n \n
    7. \n \n
  7. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Domicile Act, 1992 (Act 3 of 1992) on 1 August 1992]\n \n \n
    8. \n \n
  8. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Divorce Amendment Act, 1996 (Act 95 of 1996) on 22 November 1996]\n \n \n
    9. \n \n
  9. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Justice Laws Rationalisation Act, 1996 (Act 18 of 1996) on 1 April 1997]\n \n \n
    10. \n \n
  10. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Divorce Courts Amendment Act, 1997 (Act 65 of 1997) on 6 April 1998]\n \n \n
    11. \n \n
  11. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Films and Publications Act, 1996 (Act 65 of 1996) on 1 June 1998]\n \n \n
    12. \n \n
  12. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Judicial Matters Second Amendment Act, 2003 (Act 55 of 2003) on 31 March 2005]\n \n \n
    13. \n \n
  13. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Jurisdiction of Regional Courts Amendment Act, 2008 (Act 31 of 2008) on 9 August 2010]\n \n \n
    14. \n \n
  14. \n \n \n \n [Amended by Judicial Matters Amendment Act, 2020 (Act 12 of 2020) on 22 October 2020]\n \n \n
    15. \n \n\n \n
\n\n\n \n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
(Afrikaans text signed by the Acting State President)ACTTo amend the law relating to divorce and to provide for incidental matters.BE IT ENACTED by the State President, the Senate and the House of Assembly of the Republic of South Africa, as follows:—

1. Definitions

\n
(1)In this Act, unless inconsistent with the context—\"court\" means any High Court as contemplated in section 166 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, or a court for a regional division contemplated in section 29(1B) of the Magistrates' Courts Act, 1944 (Act No. 32 of 1944), which has jurisdiction with respect to a divorce action;[definition of \"court\" substituted by section 4 of Act 65 of 1997 and by section 10(2) of Act 31 of 2008]\"divorce action\" means an action by which a decree of divorce or other relief in connection therewith is applied for, and includes—(a)an application pendente life for an interdict or for the interim custody of, or access to, a minor child of the marriage concerned or for the payment of maintenance; or(b)an application for a contribution towards the costs of such action or to institute such action, or make such application, in forma pauperis, or for the substituted service of process in, or the edictal citation of a party to, such action or such application;\"pension fund\" means a pension fund as defined in section 1(1) of the Pension Funds Act, 1956 (Act No. 24 of 1956), irrespective of whether the provisions of that Act apply to the pension fund or not;[definition of \"pension fund\" added by section 1 of Act 7 of 1989]\"pension interest\", in relation to a party to a divorce action who-(a)is a member of a pension fund (excluding a retirement annuity fund), means the benefits to which that party as such a member would have been entitled in terms of the rules of that fund if his membership of the fund would have been terminated on the date of the divorce on account of his resignation from his office;(b)is a member of a retirement annuity fund which was bona fide established for the purpose of providing life annuities for the members of the fund, and which is a pension fund, means the total amount of that party's contributions to the fund up to the date of the divorce, together with a total amount of annual simple interest on those contributions up to that date, calculated at the same rate as the rate prescribed as at that date by the Minister of Justice in terms of section 1(2) of the Prescribed Rate of Interest Act, 1975 (Act No. 55 of 1975), for the purposes of that Act;[definition of \"pension interest\" added by section 1 of Act 7 of 1989]\"rules\", in relation to a pension fund, means rules as defined in section 1(1) of the Pension Funds Act, 1956.[definition of \"rules\" added by section 1 of Act 7 of 1989]
(2)For the purposes of this Act a divorce action shall be deemed to be instituted on the date on which the summons is issued or the notice of motion is filed or the notice is delivered in terms of the rules of court, as the case may be.

2. Jurisdiction

\n
(1)A court shall have jurisdiction in a divorce action if the parties are or either of the parties is—
(a)domiciled in the area of jurisdiction of the court on the date on which the action is instituted; or
(b)ordinarily resident in the area of jurisdiction of the court on the said date and have or has been ordinarily resident in the Republic for a period of not less than one year immediately prior to that date.
[subsection (1) substituted by section 6(a) of Act 3 of 1992]
(2)A court which has jurisdiction in terms of subsection (1) shall also have jurisdiction in respect of a claim in reconvention or a counter-application in the divorce action concerned.[subsection (2) amended by section 6(b) of Act 3 of 1992]
(3)A court which has jurisdiction in terms of this section in a case where the parties are or either of the parties is not domiciled in the Republic shall determine any issue in accordance with the law which would have been applicable had the parties been domiciled in the area of jurisdiction of the court concerned on the date on which the divorce action was instituted.[subsection (3) substituted by section 6(c) of Act 3 of 1992]
(4)The provisions of this Act shall not derogate from the jurisdiction which a court has in terms of any other law or the common law.

3. Dissolution of marriage and grounds of divorce

\nA marriage may be dissolved by a court by a decree of divorce and the only grounds on which such a decree may be granted are—
(a)the irretrievable break-down of the marriage as contemplated in section 4;
(b)the mental illness or the continuous unconsciousness, as contemplated in section 5, of a party to the marriage.

4. Irretrievable break-down of marriage as ground of divorce

\n
(1)A court may grant a decree of divorce on the ground of the irretrievable break-down of a marriage if it is satisfied that the marriage relationship between the parties to the marriage has reached such a state of disintegration that there is no reasonable prospect of the restoration of a normal marriage relationship between them.
(2)Subject to the provisions of subsection (1), and without excluding any facts or circumstances which may be indicative of the irretrievable break-down of a marriage, the court may accept evidence—
(a)that the parties have not lived together as husband and wife for a continuous period of at least one year immediately prior to the date of the institution of the divorce action;
(b)that the defendant has committed adultery and that the plaintiff finds it irreconcilable with a continued marriage relationship; or
(c)that the defendant has in terms of a sentence of a court been declared an habitual criminal and is undergoing imprisonment as a result of such sentence,
as proof of the irretrievable break-down of a marriage,
(3)If it appears to the court that there is a reasonable possibility that the parties may become reconciled through marriage counsel, treatment or reflection, the court may postpone the proceedings in order that the parties may attempt a reconcilation.
(4)Where a divorce action which is not defended is postponed in terms of subsection (3), the court may direct that the action be tried de novo, on the date of resumption thereof, by any other judge of the court concerned.

5. Mental illness or continuous unconsciousness as grounds of divorce

\n
(1)A court may grant a decree of divorce on the ground of the mental illness of the defendant if it is satisfied—
(a)that the defendant in terms of the Mental Health Act, 1973 (Act No. 18 of 1973)—
(i)has been admitted as a patient to an institution in terms of a reception order;
(ii)is being detained as a State patient at an institution or other place specified by the Minister of Correctional Services; or[sub-paragraph (ii) amended by section 4 of Act 18 of 1996]
(iii)is being detained as a mentally ill convicted prisoner at an institution, and that he has, for a continuous period of at least two years immediately prior to the institution of the divorce action, not been discharged unconditionally as such a patient, State patient or mentally ill prisoner; and[sub-paragraph (iii) amended by section 4 of Act 18 of 1996]
(b)after having heard the evidence of at least two psychiatrists, of whom one shall have been appointed by the court, that the defendant is mentally ill and that there is no reasonable prospect that he will be cured of his mental illness.
(2)A court may grant a decree of divorce on the ground that the defendant is by reason of a physical disorder in a state of continuous unconsciousness, if it is satisfied—
(a)that the defendant’s unconsciousness has lasted for a continuous period of at least six months immediately prior to the institution of the divorce action; and
(b)after having heard the evidence of at least two medical practitioners, of whom one shall be a neurologist or a neurosurgeon appointed by the court, that there is no reasonable prospect that the defendant will regain consciousness.
(3)The court may appoint a legal practitioner to represent the defendant at proceedings under this section and order the plaintiff to pay the costs of such representation.
(4)The court may make any order it may deem fit with regard to the furnishing of security by the plaintiff in respect of any patrimonial benefits to which the defendant may be entitled by reason of the dissolution of the marriage.
(5)For the purposes of this section the expressions \"institution\", \"mental illness\", \"patient\", \"State patient\" and \"reception order\" shall bear the meaning assigned to them in the Mental Health Act, 1973.[section 5 amended by section 4 of Act 18 of 1996]

5A. Refusal to grant divorce

\nIf it appears to a court in divorce proceedings that despite the granting of a decree of divorce by the court the spouses or either one of them will, by reason of the prescripts of their religion or the religion of either one of them, not be free to remarry unless the marriage is also dissolved in accordance with such prescripts or unless a barrier to the remarriage of the spouse concerned is removed, the court may refuse to grant a decree of divorce unless the court is satisfied that the spouse within whose power it is to have the marriage so dissolved or the said barrier so removed, has taken all the necessary steps to have the marriage so dissolved or the barrier to the remarriage of the other spouse removed or the court may make any other order that it finds just.[section 5A inserted by section 1 of Act 95 of 1996]

6. Safeguarding of interests of dependent and minor children

\n
(1)A decree of divorce shall not be granted until the court—
(a)is satisfied that the provisions made or contemplated with regard to the welfare of any minor or dependent child of the marriage are satisfactory or are the best that can be effected in the circumstances; and
(b)if an enquiry is instituted by the Family Advocate in terms of section 4 (1) (a) or (2) (a) of the Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act, 1987, has considered the report and recommendations referred to in the said section 4 (1).
[subsection (1) substituted by section 6 of Act 24 of 1987]
(2)For the purposes of subsection (1) the court may cause any investigation which it may deem necessary, to be carried out and may order any person to appear before it and may order the parties or any one of them to pay the costs of the investigation and appearance.
(3)A court granting a decree of divorce may, in regard to the maintenance of a dependent child of the marriage or the custody or guardianship of, or access to, a minor child of the marriage, make any order which it may deem fit, and may in particular, if in its opinion it would be in the interests of such minor child to do so, grant to either parent the sole guardianship (which shall include the power to consent to the marriage of the child) or the sole custody of the minor, arid the court may order that, on the predecease of the parent to whom the sole guardianship of the minor is granted, a person other than the surviving parent shall be the guardian of the minor, either jointly with or to the exclusion of the surviving parent.
(4)For the purposes of this section the court may appoint a legal practitioner to represent a child at the proceedings and may order the parties or any one of them to pay the costs of the representation.

7. Division of assets and maintenance of parties

\n
(1)A court granting a decree of divorce may in accordance with a written agreement between the parties make an order with regard to the division of the assets of the parties or the payment of maintenance by the one party to the other.
(2)In the absence of an order made in terms of subsection (1) with regard to the payment of maintenance by the one party to the other, the court may, having regard to the existing or prospective means of each of the parties, their respective earning capacities, financial needs and obligations, the age of each of the parties, the duration of the marriage, the standard of living of the parties prior to the divorce, their conduct in so far as it may be relevant to the break-down of the marriage, an order in terms of subsection (3) and any other factor which in the opinion of the court should be taken into account, make an order which the court finds just in respect of the payment of maintenance by the one party to the other for any period until the death or remarriage of the party in whose favour the order is given, whichever event may first occur.[subsection (2) substituted by section 36(a) of Act 88 of 1984]
(3)A court granting a decree of divorce in respect of a marriage out of community of property—
(a)entered into before the commencement of the Matrimonial Property Act, 1984, in terms of an antenuptial contract by which community of property, community of profit and loss and accrual sharing in any form are excluded;[Please note: The High Court of South Africa, Gauteng Division, Pretoria has declared section 7(3)(a) \"inconsistent with the Constitution and invalid to the extent that the provision limits the operation of section 7(3) of the Divorce Act to marriages out of community of property entered into before the commencement of the Matrimonial Property Act\". See full judgement here: Greyling v Minister of Home Affairs and Others (40023 of 2021) [2022] ZAGPPHC 3 (11 May 2022)]
(b)entered into before the commencement of the Marriage and Matrimonial Property Law Amendment Act, 1988, in terms of section 22(6) of the Black Administration Act, 1927 (Act No. 38 of 1927), as it existed immediately prior to its repeal by the said Marriage and Matrimonial Property Law Amendment Act, 1988; or
(c)entered into in terms of any law applicable in a former homeland, without entering into an antenuptial contract or agreement in terms of such law,
may, subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (6), on application by one of the parties to that marriage, in the absence of any agreement between them regarding the division of their assets, order that such assets, or such part of the assets, of the other party as the court may deem just, be transferred to the first-mentioned.[subsection (3) added by section 36(b) of Act 88 of 1984 and substituted by section 2(a) of Act 3 of 1988 and by section 1 of Act 12 of 2020]
(4)An order under subsection (3) shall not be granted unless the court is satisfied that it is equitable and just by reason of the fact that the party in whose favour the order is granted, contributed directly or indirectly to the maintenance or increase of the estate of the other party during the subsistence of the marriage, either by the rendering of services, or the saving of expenses which would otherwise have been incurred, or in any other manner.[subsection (4) added by section 36(b) of Act 88 of 1984]
(5)In the determination of the assets or part of the assets to be transferred as contemplated in subsection (3), the court shall, apart from any direct or indirect contribution made by the party concerned to the maintenance or increase of the estate of the other party as contemplated in subsection (4), also take into account-
(a)the existing means and obligations of the parties, including any obligation that a husband to a marriage as contemplated in subsection 3(b) of this section may have in terms of section 22(7) of the Black Administration Act, 1927 (Act No. 38 of 1927);
(b)any donation made by one party to the other during the subsistence of the marriage, or which is owing and enforceable in terms of the antenuptial contract concerned;
(c)any order which the court grants under section 9 of this Act or under any other law which affects the patrimonial position of the parties; and
(d)any other factor which should in the opinion of the court be taken into account.
[subsection (5) added by section 36(b) of Act 88 of 1984 and substituted by section 2(b) of Act 3 of 1988]
(5A)Refusal to grant divorceIf it appears to a court in divorce proceedings that despite the granting of a decree of divorce by the court the spouses or either one of them will, by reason of the prescripts of their religion or the religion of either one of them, not be free to remarry unless the marriage is also dissolved in accordance with such prescripts or unless a barrier to the remarriage of the spouse concerned is removed, the court may refuse to grant a decree of divorce unless the court is satisfied that the spouse within whose power it is to have the marriage so dissolved or the said barrier so removed, has taken all the necessary steps to have the marriage so dissolved or the barrier to the remarriage of the other spouse removed or the court may make any other order that it finds just.[section (5A) inserted by section 1 of Act 95 of 1996]
(6)A court granting an order under subsection (3) may, on application by the party against whom the order is granted, order that satisfaction of the order be deferred on such conditions, including conditions relating to the furnishing of security, the payment of interest, the payment of instalments, and the delivery or transfer of specified assets, as the court may deem just.[subsection (6) added by section 36(b) of Act 88 of 1984]
(7)
(a)In the determination of the patrimonial benefits to which the parties to any divorce action may be entitled, the pension interest of a party shall, subject to paragraphs (b) and (c), be deemed to be part of his assets.
(b)The amount so deemed to be part of a party's assets, shall be reduced by any amount of his pension interest which, by virtue of paragraph (a), in a previous divorce-
(i)was paid over or awarded to another party; or
(ii)for the purposes of an agreement contemplated in subsection (1), was accounted in favour of another party.
(c)Paragraph (a) shall not apply to a divorce action in respect of a marriage out of community of property entered into on or after 1 November 1984 in terms of an antenuptial contract by which community of property, community of profit and loss and the accrual system are excluded.
[subsection (7) added by section 2 of Act 7 of 1989]
(8)Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law or of the rules of any pension fund-
(a)the court granting a decree of divorce in respect of a member of such a fund, may make an order that-
(i)any part of the pension interest of that member which, by virtue of subsection (7), is due or assigned to the other party to the divorce action concerned, shall be paid by that fund to that other party when any pension benefits accrue in respect of that member;
(ii)the registrar of the court in question forthwith notify the fund concerned that an endorsement be made in the records of that fund that that part of the pension interest concerned is so payable to that other party and that the administrator of the pension fund furnish proof of such endorsement to the registrar, in writing, within one month of receipt of such notification;[subparagraph (ii) substituted by section 11 of Act 55 of 2003]
(b)any law which applies in relation to the reduction, assignment, transfer, cession, pledge, hypothecation or attachment of the pension benefits, or any right in respect thereof, in that fund, shall apply mutatis mutandis with regard to the right of that other party in respect of that part of the pension interest concerned.
[subsection (8) added by section 2 of Act 7 of 1989]
(9)When a court grants a decree of divorce in respect of a marriage the patrimonial consequences of which are according to the rules of the South African private international law governed by the law of a foreign state, the court shall have the same power as a competent court of the foreign state concerned would have had at that time to order that assets be transferred from one spouse to the other spouse.[subsection (9) added by section 1 of Act 44 of 1992]

8. Rescission, suspension or variation of orders

\n
(1)Any candidate attorney who has satisfied all the requirements for the degree referred to in paragraph (a) of section 2(1), or for the degrees referred to in paragraph (aA) of that section, or for a degree or degrees referred to in paragraph (aB) of that section in respect of which a certification in accordance with that paragraph has been done, shall be entitled to appear in any court, other than High Court, and before any board, tribunal or similar institution in or before which his or her principal is entitled to appear, instead of and on behalf of such principal who shall be entitled to charge the fees for such appearance as if he or she himself or herself had appeared: Provided that such a candidate attorney shall not be entitled to appear in a court of a regional division established under section 2 of the Magistrates' Courts Act, 1944 (Act No. 32 of 1944), unless he or she—
(i)has previously practised as an advocate for at least a year; or
(ii)has served for at least one year under his articles or contract of service; or
(iii)has at least one year's experience as a state advocate, state prosecutor or magistrate.
[subsection (1) substituted by section 7 of Act 24 of 198 and section 10(2) of Act 31 of 2008]
(2)A court other than the court which made an order referred to in subsection (1) may rescind, vary or suspend such order if the parties are domiciled in the area of jurisdiction of such first-mentioned court or the applicant is domiciled in the area of jurisdiction of such first-mentioned court and the respondent consents to the jurisdiction of that court.
(3)The provisions of subsections (1) and (2) shall mutatis mutandis apply with reference to any order referred to in subsection (1) given by a court in a divorce action before the commencement of this Act.

9. Forfeiture of patrimonial benefits of marriage

\n
(1)When a decree of divorce is granted on the ground of the irretrievable break-down of a marriage the court may make an order that the patrimonial benefits of the marriage be forfeited by one party in favour of the other, either wholly or in part, if the court, having regard to the duration of the marriage, the circumstances which gave rise to the break-down thereof and any substantial misconduct on the part of either of the parties, is satisfied that, if the order for forfeiture is not made, the one party will in relation to the other be unduly benefited.
(2)In the case of a decree of divorce granted on the ground of the mental illness or continuous unconsciousness of the defendant, no order for the forfeiture of any patrimonial benefits of the marriage shall be made against the defendant.

10. Costs

\nIn a divorce action the court shall not be bound to make an order for costs in favour of the successful party, but the court may, having regard to the means of the parties, and their conduct in so far as it may be relevant, make such order as it considers just, and the court may order that the costs of the proceedings be apportioned between the parties.

11. Procedure

\nThe procedure applicable with reference to a divorce action shall be the procedure prescribed from time to time by rules of court.

12. Limitation of publication of particulars of divorce action\n

\n
(1)Except for making known or publishing the names of the parties to a divorce action, or that a divorce action between the parties is pending in a court of law, or the judgement or order of the court, no person shall make known in public or publish for the information of the public or any section of the public any particulars of a divorce action or any information which comes to light in the course of such an action.
(2)The provisions of subsection (1) shall not apply with reference to the publication of particulars or information—
(a)for the purposes of the administration of justice;
(b)in a bona fide law report which does not form part of any other publication than a series of reports of the proceedings in courts of law; or
(c)for the advancement of or use in a particular profession or science.
(3)The provisions of subsections (1) and (2) shall mutatis mutandis apply with reference to proceedings relating to the enforcement or variation of any order made in terms of this Act as well as in relation to any enquiry instituted by a Family Advocate in terms of the Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act, 1987.[subsection (3) substituted by section 8 of Act 24 of 1987]
(4)Any person who in contravention of this section publishes any particulars or information shall be guilty of an offence and liable on conviction to a fine, not exceeding one thousand rand or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year or to both such fine and such imprisonment.

13. Recognition of certain foreign divorce orders

\nThe validity of a divorce order or an order for the annulment of a marriage or for judicial separation granted in a court of a foreign country or territory shall be recognized by a court in the Republic if, on the date on which the order was granted, either party to the marriage-
(a)was domiciled in the country or territory concerned, whether according to South African law or according to the law of that country or territory;
(b)was ordinarily resident in that country or territory; or
(c)was a national of that country or territory.
[section 13 amended by sections 46 and 47 of Act 97 of 1986 and substituted by section 7 of Act 3 of 1992]

14. Abolition of orders for restitution of conjugal rights and judicial separation

\nIt shall not be competent for a court to issue an order for the restitution of conjugal rights or for judicial separation.

15. Application of Act

\nThis Act shall not apply with reference to a divorce action or proceedings for the restitution of conjugal rights or for judicial separation instituted before the commencement of this Act.

16. Amendment of section 5 of Act 37 of 1953, as amended by section 2 of Act 13 of 1966\n

\nSection 5 of the Matrimonial Affairs Act, 1953, is hereby amended—
(a)by the substitution for subsection (1) of the following subsection:\"(1) Any provincial or local division of the Supreme Court or any judge thereof may, on the application of either parent of a minor whose parents are divorced or are living apart, in regard to the custody or guardianship of, or access to, the minor, make any order which it may deem fit, and may in particular, if in its opinion it would be in the interests of such minor to do so, grant to either parent the sole guardianship (which shall include the power to consent to the marriage of the child) or the sole custody of the minor, and the court may order that, on the predecease of the parent to whom the sole guardianship of the minor is granted, a person other than the surviving parent shall be the guardian of the minor, either jointly with or to the exclusion of the surviving parent.\";
(b)by the substitution for subsection (2) of the following subsection:\"(2) An order under subsection (1) in regard to a minor whose parents are living apart shall, if the parents become reconciled and live together again as husband and wife, lapse with effect from the date on which the parents commence to live together again.\";
(c)by the substitution for subsection (3) of the following subsection:\"(3) Subject to any order of court—
(a)a parent to whom the sole guardianship or custody of a minor has been granted under subsection (1) or the Divorce Act, 1979, or a father or a mother upon whom a children’s court has under section 60 (1) of the Children’s Act, 1960 (Act No. 33 of 1960), conferred the exclusive right to exercise any parental powers in regard to a minor, may by testamentary disposition appoint any person to be the sole guardian or to be vested with the sole custody of the minor, as the case may be; and
(b)the father of a minor to whom the sole guardianship of the minor has not been granted under subsection (1) or the Divorce Act, 1979, or upon whom a children’s court has not conferred the exclusive right to exercise any parental powers in regard to the minor, shall not be entitled by testamentary disposition to appoint any person as the guardian of the minor in any other manner than to act jointly with the mother.\"; and
(d)by the substitution for subsection (6) of the following subsection:\"(6) If an order under section 60 of the Children’s Act, 1960, is rescinded, or if an order under subsection (1) of this section or under the Divorce Act, 1979, granting the sole guardianship or custody of a minor to a parent, lapses or is rescinded or is varied in such a manner that the parent is no longer the sole guardian or vested with the sole custody of the minor, any disposition under subsection (3)(a) shall lapse.\".
.

17. Amendment of section 72 of Act 66 of 1965, as amended by section 7 of Act 54 of 1970\n

\nSection 72 of the Administration of Estates Act, 1965, is hereby amended by the substitution for that part of subsection (1) which precedes paragraph (b) thereof, of the following:\"(1) The Master shall, subject to the provisions of subsection (3) and to any applicable provision of section 5 of the Matrimonial Affairs Act, 1953 (Act No. 37 of 1953), and section 4 of the Matrimonial Affairs Ordinance, 1955 (Ordinance No. 25 of 1955), of the territory, or any order of court made under any such provision or any provision of the Divorce Act, 1979, on the written application of any person—
(a)who has been nominated by will or written instrument—
(i)by the father of a legitimate minor, who has not been deprived, as a result of an order under subsection (1) of the said section 5 or subsection (1) of the said section 4 or the Divorce Act, 1979, of the guardianship of such minor, or under section 60 of the Children’s Act, 1960 (Act No. 33 of 1960), or section 58 of the Children’s Ordinance, 1961 (Ordinance No. 31 of 1961), of the territory, of his parental powers over him; or
(ii)by the mother of an illegitimate minor or of a legitimate minor whose father is dead, who has not been so deprived of the guardianship of such minor or of her, parental powers over him; or
(iii)by the parent to whom the sole guardianship of a minor has been granted under subsection (1) of the said section 5 or under subsection (1) of the said section 4 or under the Divorce Act, 1979, or on whom the exclusive right to exercise parental powers in regard to a minor has been conferred under the said section 60 or the said section 58,
to administer the property of such minor and to take care of his person as tutor, or to take care of or administer his property as curator; or\".

18. Repeal of laws

\nThe laws mentioned in the Schedule are hereby repealed to the extent set out in the third column of the Schedule.

19. Short title and commencement

\nThis Act shall be called the Divorce Act, 1979, and shall come into operation on 1 July 1979.
\n

Schedule

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No. and year of lawShort titleExtent of repeal
Act No. 32 of 1935Divorce Laws Amendment Act, 1935The whole
Act No. 22 of 1939Matrimonial Causes Jurisdiction Act, 1939The whole
Act No. 17 of 1943Matrimonial Causes Jurisdiction Amendment Act, 1943The whole
Act No. 35 of 1945Matrimonial Causes Jurisdiction Act, 1945The whole
Act No. 37 of 1953Matrimonial Affairs Act, 1953Sections 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10
Act No. 70 of 1968General Law Amendment Act, 1968Sections 21, 22 and 23
[item repealed by section 33 of Act 65 of 1996]
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Forfeiture of patrimonial benefits of marriage", + "heading": "Forfeiture of patrimonial benefits of marriage", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true }, { - "date": "1988-12-02", - "events": [ - { - "note": "", - "type": "amendment", - "by_title": "Marriage and Matrimonial Property Law Amendment Act, 1988", - "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1988/3", - "description": "Amended by" - } - ] + "id": "sec_10", + "num": "10.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_10", + "type": "section", + "title": "10. Costs", + "heading": "Costs", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true }, { - "date": "1986-10-03", - "events": [ - { - "note": "", - "type": "amendment", - "by_title": "Transfer of Powers and Duties of the State President Act, 1986", - "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1986/97", - "description": "Amended by" - } - ] + "id": "sec_11", + "num": "11.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_11", + "type": "section", + "title": "11. Procedure", + "heading": "Procedure", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true }, { - "date": "1984-11-01", - "events": [ - { - "note": "", - "type": "amendment", - "by_title": "Matrimonial Property Act, 1984", - "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1984/88", - "description": "Amended by" - } - ] + "id": "sec_12", + "num": "12.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_12", + "type": "section", + "title": "12. Limitation of publication of particulars of divorce action", + "heading": "Limitation of publication of particulars of divorce action", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true }, { - "date": "1979-07-01", - "events": [ - { - "note": "Note: See section 19", - "type": "commencement", - "by_title": "", - "by_frbr_uri": "", - "description": "Commenced" - } - ] + "id": "sec_13", + "num": "13.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_13", + "type": "section", + "title": "13. Recognition of certain foreign divorce orders", + "heading": "Recognition of certain foreign divorce orders", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true }, { - "date": "1979-06-15", - "events": [ - { - "note": "", - "type": "publication", - "by_title": "", - "by_frbr_uri": "", - "description": "Published in Government Gazette 6506" - } - ] + "id": "sec_14", + "num": "14.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_14", + "type": "section", + "title": "14. Abolition of orders for restitution of conjugal rights and judicial separation", + "heading": "Abolition of orders for restitution of conjugal rights and judicial separation", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true }, { - "date": "1979-06-08", - "events": [ - { - "note": "", - "type": "assent", - "by_title": "", - "by_frbr_uri": "", - "description": "Assented to" - } - ] - } - ], - "commencements_json": [ + "id": "sec_15", + "num": "15.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_15", + "type": "section", + "title": "15. Application of Act", + "heading": "Application of Act", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true + }, { - "date": "1979-07-01", - "main": true, - "all_provisions": true, - "provisions": [], - "commencing_title": null, - "commencing_frbr_uri": null, - "note": "See section 19" + "id": "sec_16", + "num": "16.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_16", + "type": "section", + "title": "16. Amendment of section 5 of Act 37 of 1953, as amended by section 2 of Act 13 of 1966", + "heading": "Amendment of section 5 of Act 37 of 1953, as amended by section 2 of Act 13 of 1966", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true + }, + { + "id": "sec_17", + "num": "17.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_17", + "type": "section", + "title": "17. Amendment of section 72 of Act 66 of 1965, as amended by section 7 of Act 54 of 1970", + "heading": "Amendment of section 72 of Act 66 of 1965, as amended by section 7 of Act 54 of 1970", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true + }, + { + "id": "sec_18", + "num": "18.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_18", + "type": "section", + "title": "18. Repeal of laws", + "heading": "Repeal of laws", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true + }, + { + "id": "sec_19", + "num": "19.", + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!main~sec_19", + "type": "section", + "title": "19. Short title and commencement", + "heading": "Short title and commencement", + "children": [], + "component": "main", + "basic_unit": true + }, + { + "id": "att_1", + "num": null, + "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09/!schedule_1~att_1", + "type": "attachment", + "title": "Schedule", + "heading": "Schedule", + "children": [], + "component": "schedule_1", + "basic_unit": false } - ], - "repealed": false, - "parent_work": null - } - }, - { - "model": "peachjam.legislation", - "pk": 3041, - "fields": { + ], "metadata_json": { "url": "https://api.laws.africa/v2/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09", "stub": false, @@ -8131,6 +7876,261 @@ "mime_type": "application/pdf" } }, + "language": "en", + "jurisdiction": "ZA", + "locality": null, + "work_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1979/70", + "frbr_uri_doctype": "act", + "frbr_uri_subtype": null, + "frbr_uri_actor": null, + "frbr_uri_date": "1979", + "frbr_uri_number": "70", + "expression_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1979/70/eng@2010-08-09", + "created_at": "2023-03-31T11:52:59.472Z", + "updated_at": "2023-03-31T11:53:05.678Z", + "created_by": null, + "allow_robots": true + } + }, + { + "model": "peachjam.work", + "pk": 2433, + "fields": { + "frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1979/70", + "title": "Divorce Act, 1979", + "languages": "[\"eng\"]", + "ranking": 0.0 + } + }, + { + "model": "peachjam.legislation", + "pk": 3040, + "fields": { + "timeline_json": [ + { + "date": "2020-10-22", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Judicial Matters Amendment Act, 2020", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/2020/12", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "2010-08-09", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Jurisdiction of Regional Courts Amendment Act, 2008", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/2008/31", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "2005-03-31", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Judicial Matters Second Amendment Act, 2003", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/2003/55", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1998-06-01", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Films and Publications Act, 1996", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1996/65", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1998-04-06", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Divorce Courts Amendment Act, 1997", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1997/65", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1997-04-01", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Justice Laws Rationalisation Act, 1996", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1996/18", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1996-11-22", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Divorce Amendment Act, 1996", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1996/95", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1992-08-01", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Domicile Act, 1992", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1992/3", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1992-04-15", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Divorce Amendment Act, 1992", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1992/44", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1990-10-01", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act, 1987", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1987/24", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1989-08-01", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Divorce Amendment Act, 1989", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1989/7", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1988-12-02", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Marriage and Matrimonial Property Law Amendment Act, 1988", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1988/3", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1986-10-03", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Transfer of Powers and Duties of the State President Act, 1986", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1986/97", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1984-11-01", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "amendment", + "by_title": "Matrimonial Property Act, 1984", + "by_frbr_uri": "/akn/za/act/1984/88", + "description": "Amended by" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1979-07-01", + "events": [ + { + "note": "Note: See section 19", + "type": "commencement", + "by_title": "", + "by_frbr_uri": "", + "description": "Commenced" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1979-06-15", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "publication", + "by_title": "", + "by_frbr_uri": "", + "description": "Published in Government Gazette 6506" + } + ] + }, + { + "date": "1979-06-08", + "events": [ + { + "note": "", + "type": "assent", + "by_title": "", + "by_frbr_uri": "", + "description": "Assented to" + } + ] + } + ], + "commencements_json": [ + { + "date": "1979-07-01", + "main": true, + "all_provisions": true, + "provisions": [], + "commencing_title": null, + "commencing_frbr_uri": null, + "note": "See section 19" + } + ], + "repealed": false, + "parent_work": null + } + }, + { + "model": "peachjam.legislation", + "pk": 3041, + "fields": { "timeline_json": [ { "date": "2020-10-22", From f80a9a29f446150b5f33b4fea7a2b1cee0f300a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: actlikewill Date: Thu, 12 Sep 2024 11:21:25 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 5/5] defers loading of metadata json field --- peachjam/models/core_document_model.py | 2 +- peachjam/models/generic_document.py | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/peachjam/models/core_document_model.py b/peachjam/models/core_document_model.py index 6d2c08cb8..730dd77c1 100644 --- a/peachjam/models/core_document_model.py +++ b/peachjam/models/core_document_model.py @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ def __str__(self): class CoreDocumentManager(PolymorphicManager): def get_queryset(self): # defer expensive fields - return super().get_queryset().defer("content_html", "toc_json") + return super().get_queryset().defer("content_html", "toc_json", "metadata_json") def get_qs_no_defer(self): return super().get_queryset() diff --git a/peachjam/models/generic_document.py b/peachjam/models/generic_document.py index 1175329d7..85c011c56 100644 --- a/peachjam/models/generic_document.py +++ b/peachjam/models/generic_document.py @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def get_queryset(self): return ( super() .get_queryset() - .defer("metadata_json", "timeline_json", "commencements_json") + .defer("old_metadata_json", "timeline_json", "commencements_json") )