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HDMI TX

Registers

In kronus:

  • 0x1f226000 [0x113000] -- atop
  • 0x1f226200 [0x113100] -- dtop
  • 0x1f226400 [0x113200] -- video
  • 0x1f226600 [0x113300] -- audio

atop

May be specific to kronus (and similar), but i doubt

reg00:
    b7 = synth soft reset

reg02:
    b0 = HDMI_SCL pin
    b4 = HDMI_SDA pin
    b15 = Connects the HDMI_[SDA/SCL] to I2CM0_[SDA/SCL] (overrides the pinmux!)

reg0A:
    b0~b2 = TXPLL out second divider:
      0 => 1/1
      1 => 3/4
      2 => 4/5
      3 => 1/2
      4 => 5/6
      5 => 1/4

    b4~b6 = 
      0 => 
      1 => 
      2 => 
      3 => 
      4 => 
      5 => 
      6 => 
      7 => 

    b8~b11 = 
      0 => 
      1 => 
      2 => 
      3 => 
      4 => 
      5 => 
      6 => 
      7 => 

reg14:
    b5 = Hotplug status [0: plugged, 1: unplugged]

reg18:
    b0~b15 = Interrupt mask

reg1A:
    b0~b15 = Interrupt mask
    b0 = Hotplug

reg1C:
    b0~b15 = Interrupt pending, set to clear

reg1E:
    b0~b15 = Interrupt pending, set to clear

reg20:
    b0~b31 = TXPLL out divider (bias 0x10000000)

reg3C:
    b0~b15 = clkgen

reg54:
    b0~b3 = TMDS atop power down <0x0 on power on, 0xf on power down>
    set to 000f on init

reg56:
    b0 = ?? set to 1 on init
    b1 = ?? set to 1 on init, changed in video mode setting

reg58:
    set to 0000 on init

reg5A:
    b5 = Pre-emphasis mode

reg5C:
    b0~b3 = TMDS atop enable <0xf on power on, 0x0 on power down>
    b4~b7 = TM Precon
    b8~b11 = Pre-emphasis enable
    set to 0000 on video init

reg5E:
    b0~b3 = Double termination pre-emphasis enable
    b4~b7 = Double termination enable

reg66:
    b4~b6 = ?
      2 => ?? set for modes with pclk=148.5 MHz
      5 => ?? set for modes with pclk=74.25 MHz
      7 => ?? set for modes with pclk=27 MHz

    set to 0000 on video init

reg68:
    set to 1010 on init

reg70:
    b2~b3 = ?
      1 => ?? set for modes with pclk=27 MHz
      2 => ?? set for modes with pclk=74.25 MHz
      3 => ?? set for modes with pclk=148.5 MHz

reg82:
    set to 1010 on init

reg8A:
    set to 0000 on init

regB0:
    set to 0003 on init

dtop

reg00:
    b0 = dvi_mode -- Mode [0: HDMI|1: DVI]
    b2 = packet_enable -- Enable packet generation
    b3 = user_enable -- Enable user packet
    b4 = pkt_manual_mode -- Send packets within each blank
    b6~b7 = dc_mode -- Deep color mode:
      0 => 8 bit (24 bpp)
      1 => 10 bit (30 bpp)
      2 => 12 bit (36 bpp)
    b8~b9 = start_de_ph -- Video data period (DE) start phase:
      0 => 10P0/12P0
      1 => 10P1/12P1
      2 => 10P2/12P0
    b10 = dc_fifo_rst -- Deep color FIFO reset
    b11 = hpll_lock_chk -- Check HPLL lock status before enabling deep color FIFO
    b12 = bypass_dc_fifo -- Bypass deep color FIFO

reg02:
    b0 = act_gcp_cmd
    b1 = act_acr_cmd
    b2 = act_avi_cmd
    b3 = act_aud_cmd
    b4 = act_spd_cmd
    b5 = act_mpg_cmd
    b6 = act_vsp_cmd
    b7 = act_null_cmd
    b8 = act_acp_cmd
    b9 = act_isp_cmd
    b10 = act_gcp_dc_cmd
    b11 = act_gmp_cmd

reg04:
    b0 = null_send_cmd
    b2 = null_cfg
    b3~b7 = null_fcnt

reg06:
    b0 = gc_send_cmd
    b1~b2 = avmute_mode
    b3 = gc_cfg
    b4 = gc_fcnt
    b5 = gc_follow_spec
    b6 = en_gc_dc_req
    b8 = gc_dc_send_cmd
    b9 = gc_dc_cfg
    b12~b15 = gc_dc_fcnt

reg08:
    b0~b3 = cd_val
    b4~b7 = pp_val
    b8 = default_phase

------ ACR (Audio clock regeneration) packet? ------

reg0A:
    b0~b15 = cts_0

reg0C:
    b0~b3 = cts_1
    b8~b11 = n_1

reg0E:
    b0~b15 = n_0

reg10:
    b0 = acr_send_cmd
    b2 = acr_cfg
    b3 = sel_cts_gen
    b4~b7 = acr_fcnt

------ AVI infoframe ------

reg12-1F:
    AVI infoframe data (13 bytes)

reg20:
    b0 = avi_send_cmd
    b2 = avi_cfg
    b3~b7 = avi_fcnt
    b8~b15 = avi_chk_sum -- Checksum

------ Audio infoframe ------

reg22-27:
    Audio infoframe data (5 bytes)

reg28:
    b0 = aud_send_cmd
    b2 = aud_cfg
    b3~b7 = aud_fcnt
    b8~b15 = aud_chk_sum -- Checksum

------ SPD (Source product) infoframe ------

reg2A-43:
    SPD infoframe data (25 bytes)

reg44:
    b0 = spd_send_cmd
    b2 = spd_cfg
    b3~b7 = spd_fcnt
    b8~b15 = spd_chk_sum -- Checksum

------ MPEG infoframe ------

reg46-4A:
    MPEG infoframe data (5 bytes)

reg4C:
    b0 = mpg_send_cmd
    b2 = mpg_cfg
    b3~b7 = mpg_fcnt
    b8~b15 = mpg_chk_sum -- Checksum

------ Vendor specific infoframe ------

reg4E-69:
    Vendor specific infoframe data (28 bytes)

reg6A:
    b0 = vs_send_cmd
    b2 = vs_cfg
    b3~b7 = vs_fcnt
    b8~b15 = vs_chk_sum -- Checksum

------ User defined packet ------

reg6C:
    b0~b7 = user_type -- User defined packet header byte 0
    b8~b15 = user_hb1 -- User defined packet header byte 1

reg6E:
    b0~b7 = user_hb2 -- User defined packet header byte 2

------ ACP (Audio copy protection) infoframe ------

reg70-7F:
    ACP infoframe data (16 bytes)

reg80:
    b0 = acp_send_cmd
    b2 = acp_cfg
    b3~b7 = acp_fcnt
    b8~b15 = acp_hb1

------ ISRC (Input source) infoframe ------

reg82-A1:
    ISRC infoframe data (32 bytes)

regA2:
    b0 = isrc_send_cmd
    b2 = isrc_cfg
    b3~b7 = isrc_fcnt
    b8~b15 = isrc_hb1

regA4:
    b0~b11 = tmds_de_cnt

regA6:
    b0~b15 = hpll_lock_cnt

    * set to 0300 on init

regA8:
    b0 = gm_send_cmd
    b2 = gm_cfg
    b4~b7 = gm_fcnt
    b8~b15 = gm_hb1 -- GM packet header byte 1

regAA:
    b0~b7 = gm_hb2 -- GM packet header byte 2

regAB-BF:
    GBD data (21 bytes)

video

reg00:
    b0 = interlace -- Interlaced mode               [0: progressive|1: interlaced]
    b1 = field_pol -- Field input signal polarity   [0: invert|1: normal]
    b2 = hs_pol -- HSync input signal polarity      [0: invert|1: normal]
    b3 = vs_pol -- VSync input signal polarity      [0: invert|1: normal]
    b4 = field_sel -- Field signal source           [0: external|1: internal]
    b5 = vs_gen_se -- VSync signal source           [0: external|1: vblank_earlyV - 1 line earlier]
    b6 = bypass_md -- DE signal source              [0: internal|1: external]
    b7 = bypass_md_656 -- BT.656 data regenerator   [0: enable|1: disable]
    b8 = bt656 -- Input is in BT.656 format         [0: no|1: yes]
    b10 = rb_swap -- Swap R/B channels

    * for everything progressive,             it's set to 0x004E |1 0 0 1 1 1 0|
    * for everything interlaced upto 1080i60, it's set to 0x000D |0 0 0 1 1 0 1|
    *                           for everything else, it's 0x004F |1 0 0 1 1 1 1|

reg02:
    b0 = vh_gen_en -- Enable sync generation from video engine
    b1 = hs_gen_pol -- Generated HSync polarity [0: neg|1: pos]
    b2 = vs_gen_pol -- Generated VSync polarity [0: neg|1: pos]
    b3 = ve_tmgen_en -- Enable timing generation from video engine
    b4~b5 = ?? set to 3 on video init
    b8 = v2r_en -- Convert YCbCr to RGB
    b9 = inv_gamma_en
    b10~b11 = dith_sel_gamma
    b12~b13 = dith_sel_csc
    b14 = hdtv_en

reg04:
    b0~b7 = vs_width -- VSync width

reg06:
    b0~b8 = vs_bporch -- Vertical back porch

reg08:
    b0~b11 = vde_length -- Active area height

reg0A:
    b0~b7 = vs_delay_line -- VSync delay (line)

reg0C:
    b0~b9 = vs_delay_pixel -- VSync delay (pixel)

reg0E:
    b0~b9 = hs_width -- HSync width

reg10:
    b0~b9 = hs_bporch -- Horizontal back porch

reg12:
    b0~b11 = de_width -- Active area width

reg14:
    b0~b9 = hs_delay -- HSync delay

reg16:
    b0~b1 = pg_vmd -- Pixel pattern gen mode (vertical):
    b2~b3 = pg_hmd -- Pixel pattern gen mode (horizontal):
        0 => Gradient
        1 => Inversion
        2 => Line
        3 => Line
    b4 = pg_vrep2 -- Repeat pattern two times vertically
    b5 = pg_hrep2 -- Repeat pattern two times horizontally
    b6 = ve_pg_en -- Enable pixel pattern gen

reg18:
    b0~b15 = pix_ini -- Pattern gen initial value

reg1A:
    b0~b15 = pix_hinc -- Pattern gen value increase (horizontal)

reg1C:
    b0~b15 = pix_vinc -- Pattern gen value increase (vertical)

reg1E:
    b0~b7 = pix_hstep -- Pattern gen horizontal step (n-1)

reg20:
    b0~b7 = pix_vstep -- Pattern gen vertical step (n-1)

reg22:
    b0~b1 = pg_col_sel -- B channel value:
    b2~b3 = pg_col_sel -- G channel value:
    b4~b5 = pg_col_sel -- R channel value:
      0 => From pattern generator
      1 => const 00
      2 => const 80
      3 => const FF

reg24:
    b0~b2 = pix_rp_sel -- HDMI pixel repetition (n-1)
    b3 = manual_pix_rp -- Enable manual HDMI pixel repetition control

reg26:
    b0~b11 = ve_tmgen_vtotal -- Total height

reg28:
    b0~b11 = ve_tmgen_htotal -- Total width

reg2A:
    b0~b11 = vtotal -- Autodetected total height

reg2C:
    b0~b12 = htotal -- Autodetected total width

reg2E:
    b0 = bit10 -- Enable 10-bit data width
    b1 = bit12 -- Enable 12-bit data width
    b2 = bit16 -- Enable 16-bit data width

reg30:
    b0 = hdmi422_b12 -- Output chroma subsampling [0: 444 (8-bit), 1: 422 (12-bit)]

audio

reg00:
    b0~b7 = aff_ch0 -- SPDIF input channel status [0..7]

reg02:
    b0~b7 = aff_ch1 -- SPDIF input channel status [8..15]

reg04:
    b0~b7 = aff_ch2 -- SPDIF input channel status [16..23]

reg06:
    b0~b7 = aff_ch3 -- SPDIF input channel status [24..31]

reg08:
    b0~b7 = aff_ch4 -- SPDIF input channel status [32..39]

reg0A:
    b0 = aff_cfg_flush -- Audio FIFO flush
    b1 = aff_cfg_bs_auto -- Auto block start
      0 => SPDIF block
      1 => Auto block
    b2 = aff_cfg_cts_gen_en -- Enable CTS generator
    b4 = aff_cfg_layout_format -- Layout format:
      0 => 2 ch
      1 => 3~8 ch
    b5~b6 = aff_cfg_ch_en -- Channel select:
      0 => ch1
      1 => ch12
      2 => ch123
      3 => ch1234

reg0C:
    b0 = aff_full -- Audio FIFO full
    b1 = aff_empty -- Audio FIFO empty
    b2 = aff_overflow -- Audio FIFO overflow
    b8~b9 = aff_status_wr_fsm
    b12~b15 = aff_status_fifo_sel

reg0E:
    b0~b6 = aff_ptr_wr -- Audio FIFO write pointer
    b8~b14 = aff_ptr_rd -- Audio FIFO read pointer

Random stuff

TXPLL

The DAC_CLK_OUT is apparently the only high-frequency pixel clock in Kronus (maybe i could get LPLL "VEPLL" working, but not now). This clock comes from the HDMITX's TXPLL.

TXPLL's clock frequency

The TXPLL runs at frequency of 576 MHz (1.33333333 times faster compared to 432 MHz MPLL and 48 times compared to 12 MHz XTAL, but changing the MPLL frequency seems to make it change too so this is relative to the MPLL)

The 1.3333333 factor is exactly 1.5555555 in HEX, which miltiplied by 0x10000000 gives 0x15555555 -- the Bank0.reg20 reset value, but this is not the case because if we write a bigger value there then the frequency should go higher rather than lower.

This is also exactly 4/3 factor for divison and 3/4 factor for multiplication. Maybe this factor is hardwired, but OK, this is not really a problem, since at least now it could be derived (i.e. Ftxpll = Fmpll * 4 / 3) rather than assumed (i.e. Ftxpll = 576 MHz).

Video modes

Goes from the stock vendor U-Boot for MSD7816... Just for me to have a quick reference.

Panel type table

Panel type table and the corresponding eTiming value for HDMTIX and DAC:

# name hdmitx dac
0 SEC LE32 13 9
1 SXGA AU17 EN05 13 9
2 WXGA AU20 T200XW02 13 9
3 WXGAP CMO M190A1 13 9
4 WSXGA AU22 M201EW01 13 9
5 FullHD CMO216 H1L01 13 9
6 DACOUT 480i60 1 0
7 DACOUT 480p60 3 1
8 DACOUT 576i50 2 2
9 DACOUT 576p50 4 3
10 DACOUT 720p50 5 4
11 DACOUT 720p60 6 5
12 DACOUT 1080i50 7 6
13 DACOUT 1080i60 8 7
14 DACOUT 1080p24 9 12
15 DACOUT 1080p25 10 11
16 DACOUT 1080p30 11 10
17 DACOUT 1080p50 12 8
18 DACOUT 1080p60 13 9
19 DACOUT 640x480 60Hz 13 9
20 CMO260J2 UXGA 13 9

The panel type is passed to the set_paneltype command, which is put into the panel_cmd envvar so that the boot_logo command can call it (the osd_create command seem to always use 1080i60)

HDMITX mode table

Table from which the HDMITX parameters are set from:

# Mode interlaced hsync vsync vs_width vs_bporch vde_width vs_delayline vs_delaypixel hs_width hs_bporch hde_width hs_delay vtotal htotal
0 VGA no neg neg 2 33 480 1 0 96 48 640 0 800 525
1 480i yes neg neg 3 15 240 1 0 124 57 720 0 262 858
2 576i yes neg neg 3 19 288 1 0 126 69 720 0 312 864
3 480p no neg neg 6 30 240 1 0 62 60 720 0 525 858
4 576p no neg neg 5 39 576 1 0 64 68 720 0 625 864
5 720p50 no pos pos 5 20 720 1 0 40 220 1280 0 750 1980
6 720p60 no pos pos 5 20 720 1 0 40 220 1280 0 750 1650
7 1080i50 yes pos pos 5 16 540 1 0 44 149 1920 0 562 2640
8 1080i60 yes pos pos 5 16 540 1 0 44 149 1920 0 562 2200
9 1080p24 no pos pos 5 36 1080 1 0 44 148 1920 0 1125 2750
10 1080p25 no pos pos 5 36 1080 1 0 44 148 1920 0 1125 2640
11 1080p30 no pos pos 5 36 1080 1 0 44 148 1920 0 1125 2200
12 1080p50 no pos pos 5 36 1080 1 0 44 148 1920 0 1125 2640
13 1080p60 no pos pos 5 36 1080 1 0 44 148 1920 0 1125 2200

DAC mode table

The pclk that's setup by the DAC driver:

# Mode HDMITX.20 HDMITX.0A TXPLL CLKGEN0.A6 pclk
0 480i 0x15555555 0x0863 216 MHz 0x0C 27 MHz
1 480p 0x15555555 0x0863 216 MHz 0x0C 27 MHz
2 576i 0x15555555 0x0863 216 MHz 0x0C 27 MHz
3 576p 0x15555555 0x0863 216 MHz 0x0C 27 MHz
4 720p50 0x1745D174 0x0431 297 MHz 0x08 74.25 MHz
5 720p60 0x174BC6A7 0x0431 296.7 MHz 0x08 74.175 MHz
6 1080i50 0x1745D174 0x0431 297 MHz 0x04 148.5 MHz
7 1080i60 0x174BC6A7 0x0431 296.7 MHz 0x04 148.35 MHz
8 1080p50 0x1745D174 0x0111 297 MHz 0x04 148.5 MHz
9 1080p60 0x174BC6A7 0x0111 296.7 MHz 0x04 148.35 MHz
10 1080p30 0x1745D174 0x0431 297 MHz 0x08 74.25 MHz
11 1080p25 0x1745D174 0x0431 297 MHz 0x08 74.25 MHz
12 1080p24 0x1745D174 0x0431 297 MHz 0x08 74.25 MHz

Init code

This code inits the HDMITX and the display subsystem at 1280x720@60Hz mode, the HDMI outputs video in YUV444 format.

vm_hactive = 1280
vm_hbporch = 1650-1280-40-220
vm_hsync   = 40
vm_hfporch = 220
vm_vactive = 720
vm_vbporch = 750-720-5-20
vm_vsync   = 5
vm_vfporch = 20
vm_pclk    = 74.25
vm_hspos   = True
vm_vspos   = True

vm_hsend  = vm_hsync-1
vm_vsst   = vm_vactive+vm_vbporch
vm_vsend  = vm_vactive+vm_vbporch+vm_vsync-1
vm_hstart = vm_hsync+vm_hfporch
vm_hend   = vm_hsync+vm_hfporch+vm_hactive-1
vm_vstart = 0
vm_vend   = vm_vactive-1
vm_htotal = vm_hactive+vm_hbporch+vm_hsync+vm_hfporch
vm_vtotal = vm_vactive+vm_vbporch+vm_vsync+vm_vfporch

print('hsync:    0-%d' % (vm_hsend))
print('vsync: %4d-%4d' % (vm_vsst, vm_vsend))
print('hact:  %4d-%4d' % (vm_hstart, vm_hend))
print('vact:  %4d-%4d' % (vm_vstart, vm_vend))
print('total: %4d, %4d' % (vm_htotal, vm_vtotal))
print('hfreq: %.3f kHz' % (vm_pclk * 1000 / vm_htotal))
print('vfreq: %.3f Hz' % (vm_pclk * 1000000 / vm_htotal / vm_vtotal))

dispw = vm_hactive
disph = vm_vactive
dispaddr = 0x3800000

#==================================================#

CLKGEN0   = 0x100B00
GOP       = 0x101F00
GE0       = 0x102800
SC1_XC    = 0x102F00
SC2_HDGEN = 0x103000
CLKGEN1   = 0x103300
HDMITX0   = 0x113000
HDMITX1   = 0x113100
HDMITX2   = 0x113200
HDMITX3   = 0x113300

#--- disable all ints
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x18, 0xffff)
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x1a, 0xffff)
#--- clear all ints
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x1c, 0xffff)
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x1e, 0xffff)

riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x54, 0x000f)

riu.write16(CLKGEN1+0x50, 0x0000) # clkgen2

riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x3c, 0xffff) # hdmi clkgen
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x8a, 0x0000)
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x66, 0x0000)
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x56, 0x0003)
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x58, 0x0000)

#--- synth soft reset
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x00, 1<<7, 1<<7)
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x00, 1<<7, 0<<7)

riu.write16(HDMITX1+0xa6, 0x0300)
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0xb0, 0x0003)
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x82, 0x1010)
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x68, 0x1010)

#--- video init
riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x5c, 0x0000)
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x02, 0x30, 0x30)
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x24, 0xf, 0x8)

#--- audio init
riu.wmask16(HDMITX3+0x00, 0x1087, 0x1003)

#---------- Video On/OFF
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x16, 1<<6, 0<<6)

#-------- set hdmitx mode

#--- color depth
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x2E, 7<<0, 0<<0)
riu.wmask16(HDMITX1+0x00, 0xff, 0x04)

#--- packet 5
#riu.read16(HDMITX1+0x06) #=> 0x0021
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x06, 0x0020)

#--- packet 0
#riu.read16(HDMITX1+0x04) #=> 0x000d
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x04, 0x0005)

# ======= 0x81 Infoframe ======= #
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x4e, 0x0c03)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x6a, 0x547d) #<- checksum, etc

# ======= 0x83 Infoframe ======= #
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x2a, 0x534d) # 'MS'
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x2c, 0x6174) # 'ta'
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x2e, 0x2072) # 'r '
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x30, 0x2020) # '  '
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x32, 0x4448) # 'HD'
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x34, 0x494d) # 'MI'
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x36, 0x5420) # ' T'
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x38, 0x2078) # 'X '
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x3a, 0x6544) # 'De'
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x3c, 0x6f6d) # 'mo'
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x3e, 0x0000)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x40, 0x0000)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x42, 0x0001)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x44, 0x687d) #<- checksum, etc

#-------- set color format (YUV -> YUV444)
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x02, 1<<8, 0<<8) # convert yuv to rgb
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x30, 1<<0, 0<<0) # out chroma subsampling

# ======= AVI InfoFrame ======= #
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x12, 0x58d0) # b5~b6 => color format: 10 = YUV444, 00 = RGB
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x14, 0x0200)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x16, 0x0000)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x20, 0xc505) #<- checksum, etc

#-------- pixel clock

#b2~b4:
#  1 => clk_out_dac/2
#  2 => clk_out_dac/4
#  3 => clk_out_dac/8
#  4 => clk_out_dac
#  6 => 27MHz
#  7 => XTAL [LPLL?]
#b5~b6:
#  0 => 1/1
#  1 => 1/2
#  2 => 1/3
riu.write16(CLKGEN0+0xa6, (0<<5)|(2<<2)|0)

#
# 576 MHz * 3/4 / 4 => 108 MHz / <div>
# >>> No jitter
#
# 576 MHz * 1/2 / 2 => 144 MHz / <div>
# >>> Jitter
#

riu.write16(HDMITX0+0x0a, 0x0430 | (1<<0))
riu.write32(HDMITX0+0x20, int((576 * 3/4 / 4 / vm_pclk) * 0x10000000))

#------- HDMI video mode & syncs -------

riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x00, 0x4f, 0x4e)

riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x02, 1<<2, vm_vspos<<2) # vsync polarity
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x02, 1<<1, vm_hspos<<1) # hsync polarity
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x02, 1<<0, 1<<0) # enable sync polarity control

riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x70, 3<<6, 1<<6)
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x66, 7<<4, 5<<4)
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x5A, 1<<5, 0<<5) # pre-emphasis mode
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x56, 1<<1, 1<<1) # ... double termination == 0
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x5C, 0xf<<4, 0x0<<4) # tm precon 
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x5C, 0xf<<8, 0x0<<8) # pre-emphasis
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x5E, 0xf<<0, 0x0<<0) # double termination pre-emphasis
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x5E, 0xf<<4, 0x0<<4) # double termination

riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x04, vm_vsync)   # vs_width
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x06, vm_vfporch) # vs_bporch
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x08, vm_vactive) # vde_width
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x0a, 1)          # vs_delayline
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x0c, 0)          # vs_delaypixel
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x0e, vm_hsync)   # hs_width
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x10, vm_hfporch) # hs_bporch
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x12, vm_hactive) # hde_width
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x14, 0)          # hs_delay
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x26, vm_vtotal)  # vtotal
riu.write16(HDMITX2+0x28, vm_htotal)  # htotal

#-------- set overscan afd

# ======= AVI InfoFrame ======= #
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x12, 0xaad0)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x14, 0x0400)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x16, 0x0000)
riu.write16(HDMITX1+0x20, 0x7105) #<- checksum, etc

#----- Turn on TMDS -----
riu.wmask16(HDMITX2+0x00, 1<<10, 0<<10) # no swap
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x54, 0xf, 0x0) # power up
riu.wmask16(HDMITX0+0x5c, 0xf, 0xf) # enable

#----------------------------------------------------

riu.write16(SC2_HDGEN+0x00, 0x0001) # HDGEN bank 0x1
riu.write16(SC2_HDGEN+0x02, 0x000f) # ...fix hdmi... b1 matters

#============================================================================#

riu.write8(SC1_XC+0x00, 0x0F) # xc bank 0x0F
riu.wmask16(SC1_XC+0x8C, 0xf<<4, 0x2<<4) # ve gop mux: mux0+mux1+mux2 ... MST786:"capture stage: vip output"
riu.wmask16(SC1_XC+0xAE, 1<<11, 1<<11) # ---> ve is receiving image!! MST786:"capture image to ip enable"

riu.write8(SC1_XC+0x00, 0x10) # xc bank 0x10
riu.wmask16(SC1_XC+0x46, 1<<5, 1<<5) # sets b5?

riu.write8(SC1_XC+0x00, 0x2F) # xc bank 0x2F
riu.wmask16(SC1_XC+0x4E, 1<<0, 1<<0) # ---> gop is displayed!!

##########################
# EASY PART              #
#========================#===================================================#
# I KNOW THIS WORKS WELL #
##########################

riu.write8(SC1_XC+0x00, 0x10) # xc bank 0x10
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x02, vm_hsend)    # vop_hsend_width
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x04, vm_vsst)     # vop_vsst
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x06, vm_vsend)    # vop_vsend
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x08, vm_hstart)   # vop_de_hstart
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x0A, vm_hend)     # vop_de_hend
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x0C, vm_vstart)   # vop_de_vstart
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x0E, vm_vend)     # vop_de_vend
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x18, vm_htotal-1) # vop_hdtot
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x1A, vm_vtotal-1) # vop_vdtot

riu.write8(SC1_XC+0x00, 0x00) # xc bank 0x00
riu.write16(SC1_XC+0x0C, 0x8000) # only enable GOP MUX0

riu.write16(GOP+0xFC, (0<<0)|(1<<3)|(2<<6)|(3<<9))

riu.write8(GOP+0xFE, 0x0) # gop bank 0x0
riu.write16(GOP+0x00, 0x440C)       # ctrl0
riu.write16(GOP+0x02, 0x4102)       # ctrl1
riu.write16(GOP+0x1C, (dispw + 3) // 2)   # rdma_ht
riu.write16(GOP+0x1E, vm_hstart-13) # hs_pipe
riu.write16(GOP+0x32, 0x4760)       # bw
riu.write16(GOP+0x60, dispw // 2)   # strch_hsz
riu.write16(GOP+0x62, disph)        # strch_vsz
riu.write16(GOP+0x64, 0)            # strch_hstr
riu.write16(GOP+0x68, 0)            # strch_vstr
riu.write16(GOP+0x6A, int(dispw * 0x1000 / vm_hactive) & 0x1fff) # strch_hstrch
riu.write16(GOP+0x6C, int(disph * 0x1000 / vm_vactive) & 0x1fff) # strch_vstrch
riu.write16(GOP+0x70, 0)            # strch_hstrch_ini
riu.write16(GOP+0x72, 0)            # strch_vstrch_ini
riu.write8(GOP+0xFF, 1) # write_force
riu.write8(GOP+0xFF, 0)

riu.write8(GOP+0xFE, 0x1) # gop bank 0x1
riu.write16(GOP+0x00, 0x3F11)           # gwin_ctrl
riu.write32(GOP+0x02, dispaddr >> 3)    # dram_rblk_[l|h]
riu.write16(GOP+0x08, 0)                # hstr
riu.write16(GOP+0x0A, (dispw * 2) >> 3) # hend
riu.write16(GOP+0x0C, 0)                # vstr
riu.write16(GOP+0x10, disph)            # vend
riu.write16(GOP+0x12, (dispw * 2) >> 3) # dram_rblk_hsize
riu.write16(GOP+0x14, 0x3)              # gwin_alpha_01
riu.write32(GOP+0x18, 0)                # dram_vstr
riu.write16(GOP+0x1C, 0)                # dram_hstr
riu.write8(GOP+0xFF, 1) # write_force
riu.write8(GOP+0xFF, 0)

#================================================#
# second part, just to show something "sensible" #
#================================================#

riu.wmask16(GE0+0x00, 1, 0) # disable GE
riu.write16(GE0+0x00, 0x0007) # abl, dither, ge
riu.write16(GE0+0x02, 0x0011) # stbb, cmq

riu.write16(GE0+0x22, 0x2) # asrc

riu.write16(GE0+0x24, 0x0<<8)
riu.write16(GE0+0x26, 0xff00) # aconst

riu.write32(GE0+0x4C, dispaddr)
riu.write16(GE0+0x66, dispw * 2)
riu.wmask16(GE0+0x68, 0xf<<8, 0x8<<8)

riu.write16(GE0+0xAA, 0)
riu.write16(GE0+0xAC, dispw - 1)
riu.write16(GE0+0xAE, 0)
riu.write16(GE0+0xB0, disph - 1)

# base color
riu.write32(GE0+0xE0, 0xff008000)
# horizontal gradient
riu.write32(GE0+0xE4, int((0x00 - 0x00) * 0x1000 / dispw) & 0xfffff)
riu.write32(GE0+0xEC, int((0x00 - 0x00) * 0x1000 / dispw) & 0xfffff)
riu.write32(GE0+0xF4, int((0xff - 0x00) * 0x1000 / dispw) & 0xfffff)
riu.write16(GE0+0xFC, 0)
# vertical gradient
riu.write32(GE0+0xE8, int((0xff - 0x00) * 0x1000 / disph) & 0xfffff)
riu.write32(GE0+0xF0, int((0x00 - 0x00) * 0x1000 / disph) & 0xfffff)
riu.write32(GE0+0xF8, int((0x00 - 0x00) * 0x1000 / disph) & 0xfffff)
riu.write16(GE0+0xFE, 0)
# draw
riu.write16(GE0+0xD0, 0)
riu.write16(GE0+0xD2, 0)
riu.write16(GE0+0xD4, dispw-1)
riu.write16(GE0+0xD6, disph-1)
riu.write16(GE0+0xC0, 0x3030)
while riu.read16(GE0+0x0E) & 1: pass

def xrect(x, y, w, h, char):
    if char == ' ': return

    color = 0x0000aa
    if   char == '#': color = 0x555555
    elif char == '@': color = 0xff5555
    elif char == '.': color = 0xffffff

    riu.write32(GE0+0xE0, 0xff000000)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xD0, 5+x)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xD2, 5+y)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xD4, 5+x+w-1)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xD6, 5+y+h-1)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xC0, 0x0030)
    while riu.read16(GE0+0x0E) & 1: pass

    riu.write32(GE0+0xE0, 0xff000000 | color)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xD0, x)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xD2, y)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xD4, x+w-1)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xD6, y+h-1)
    riu.write16(GE0+0xC0, 0x0030)
    while riu.read16(GE0+0x0E) & 1: pass

lines = [
 ' ##     ##         ',
 ' ###   ###@@       ',
 ' #### ####@        ',
 ' ##  @@@##         ',
 ' ## @@@@##  @@@@@@@',
 ' #@@@@@ ##    @ @  ',
 ' ##@@@  ##    @ @  ',
 ' ## @   ##  @ @ @  ',
 '####   ####  @  @@@',
]

width = 0

for line in lines:
    if len(line) > width:
        width = len(line)

x = (dispw // 2) - (width * 50 // 2)
y = (disph // 2) - (len(lines) * 50 // 2)
print(x,y,width,len(lines))

for i, line in enumerate(lines):
    for j, char in enumerate(line):
        xrect(x + j*50, y + i*50, 40, 40, char)